Coated three-dimensional loop materials, methods for making the same and uses thereof
The application of an acrylic polymer coating on three-dimensional loop materials addresses durability issues by improving fiber bonding and reducing abrasion, resulting in enhanced performance for transportation applications.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/089460
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-30
AI Technical Summary
Three-dimensional loop materials face issues with durability due to poor fiber bonding and material creep, leading to decreased thickness, hardness, and increased abrasion during repeated use, particularly in transportation applications.
A three-dimensional loop material coated with an acrylic polymer layer to enhance fiber bonding and act as an energy buffer, improving durability and reducing abrasion.
The acrylic coating improves the durability and resistance to abrasion of the three-dimensional loop materials, enhancing their performance in transportation applications.
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Abstract
Description
COATED THREE-DIMENSIONAL LOOP MATERIALS, METHODS FOR MAKING THE SAME AND USES THEREOF
[0001] FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0002] The present disclosure relates to a three-dimensional loop (3D loop or 3DL) material made from polyethylene (PE) , ethylene / α-olefin elastomers (POE) , olefin block copolymers (OBC) , thermoplastic polyester elastomers (TPEE) , thermoplastic polyamide elastomers (TPAE) , thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) , or the blends thereof, having improved durability, methods for making the three-dimensional loop material, and an article comprising the three-dimensional loop material, e.g., vehicle seats.BACKGROUND
[0003] Three-dimensional loop (3D loop or 3DL) materials or pads are fused polymer filaments to form the random network structures, e.g., which are made from polyethylene (PE) or polyolefin (POE) . They have been proved successful in mattress, pillow applications, etc. Compared to polyurethane (PU) foams, 3D loop materials have good resilience, open structures for high breathability, good durability and easy clean performance. In addition, the thermoplastic feature of 3D loop materials makes them very friendly for recycling, which is a great contribution to reduce plastic waste compared to PU foams. Based on above advantageous performances, 3D loop materials have great potential for transportation industry, e.g., vehicle seat applications.
[0004] For multiple applications, there remains a gap in durability performance between 3DL and PU foam. The mechanism of poor durability of traditional 3DL might be low bonding of 3DL fibers and material creep. During the repeated pounding, the filament bonding might collapse, and the article thickness and hardness would be decreased. On the other hand, material creep would also be likely to happen during repeat pounding, and the fiber may collide each other and abrasion would happen as well. Temperature would also increase since the material are compressed with high frequency, which would further lead to lower bonding and easy creep.
[0005] Thus, there is unfulfilled need in the transportation industry for improving the durability performance of 3DL materials.
[0006] SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0007] After persistent exploration, the inventors have developed a three-dimensional loop material with a coating layer, which exhibits improved durability. Coating on the fiber surface might be effective in improving fiber bonding. The coating layer may also act like an energy buffer to decrease the abrasion and strength impact on the loop material to improve durability performance.
[0008] In an aspect, the present disclosure provides a three-dimensional loop material comprising loop fibers made from polyethylene (PE) , ethylene / α-olefin elastomers (POE) , olefin block copolymers (OBC) , thermoplastic polyester elastomers (TPEE) , thermoplastic polyamide elastomers (TPAE) , thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) , or the blends thereof, wherein the three-dimensional loop material is coated with a coating layer comprising at least one acrylic polymer.
[0009] In a further aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for making the three-dimensional loop material, comprising the steps of:
[0010] i) providing loop fibers made from polyethylene (PE) , ethylene / α-olefin elastomers (POE) , olefin block copolymers (OBC) , thermoplastic polyester elastomers (TPEE) , thermoplastic polyamide elastomers (TPAE) , thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) , or the blends thereof; and
[0011] ii) allowing loop fibers to come into contact with one another and to be heat-bonded whereby to form the three-dimensional loop material in a random loop structure, and
[0012] iii) coating the three-dimensional loop material with a coating composition comprising at least one acrylic polymer.
[0013] In a further aspect, the present disclosure provides an article comprising the three-dimensional loop material.
[0014] In a further aspect, the present disclosure provides a use of a coating composition comprising at least one acrylic polymer in improving the durability of a three-dimensional loop material.
[0015] It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.
[0016] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0017] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention belongs. Also, all publications, patent applications, patents, and other references mentioned herein are incorporated by reference.
[0018] I. Definitions
[0019] All percentages mentioned herein are by weight, and temperatures in ℃, unless stated to the contrary, implicit from the context, or customary in the art.
[0020] The term “and / or” means “and, or as an alternative” . All ranges include endpoints unless otherwise indicated.
[0021] The terms ″comprising, ″″including, ″″having, ″and their derivatives, as used herein, are not intended to exclude the presence of any additional component, step or procedure, whether or not the same is specifically disclosed. In order to avoid any doubt, all compositions claimed through use of the term ″comprising″may include any additional additive, adjuvant, or compound, whether polymeric or otherwise, unless stated to the contrary. In contrast, the term, ″consisting essentially of″excludes from the scope of any succeeding recitation any other component, step or procedure, excepting those that are not essential to operability. The term ″consisting of″excludes any component, step or procedure not specifically delineated or listed.
[0022] A ″composition″ or ″formulation″ is a mixture or blend of two or more components. In the context of a mix or blend of materials from which an article of manufacture is fabricated, the composition includes all the components of the mix, e.g., polymers, and any other additives or agents such as antioxidants, pigments, etc.
[0023] A ″polymer″ is a polymeric compound prepared by polymerizing monomers, whether of the same or a different type. The generic term ″polymer″ thus embraces the term homopolymer, usually employed to refer to polymers prepared from only one type of monomer, and the term interpolymer.
[0024] An ″interpolymer″ is a polymer prepared by the polymerization of two or more different types of monomers. This generic term includes copolymers, usually employed to refer to polymers prepared from two different types of monomers, and polymers prepared from more than two different types of monomers, e.g., terpolymers, tetrapolymers, etc.
[0025] An ″alpha-olefin″ or ″α-olefin″ generally is a C3-20 linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon molecule comprising an ethylenic unsaturation between the first and second carbon atoms.
[0026] An “polyethylene” or “PE” is an ethylene homopolymer.
[0027] The melt index (MI) is tested at 190 degrees Celsius (℃) , 2.16 kilograms (kg) in accordance with ASTM D-1238.
[0028] The term “Glass transition temperature” or “Tg” can be calculated by using a Fox equation (T.G. Fox, Bull. Am. Physics Soc., Volume 1, Issue No. 3, page 123 (1956) ) below. For example, for calculating the Tg of a copolymer of monomers M1 and M2,
[0029] where Tg (calc. ) is the glass transition temperature calculated for the copolymer, w (M1) is the weight fraction of monomer M1 in the copolymer, w (M2) is the weight fraction of monomer M2 in the copolymer, Tg (M1) is the glass transition temperature of the homopolymer of monomer M1, and Tg (M2) is the glass transition temperature of the homopolymer of monomer M2, all temperatures being in K. The glass transition temperatures of the homopolymers may be found, for example, in “Polymer Handbook” , edited by J. Brandrup and E.H. Immergut, Interscience Publishers.
[0030] “Aqueous” system herein means that particles dispersed in an aqueous medium, for example, the aqueous system can be an emulsion. By “aqueous medium” herein is meant water and from 0 to 30%, by weight based on the weight of the medium, of water-miscible compound (s) such as, for example, alcohols, glycols, glycol ethers, glycol esters, or mixtures thereof.
[0031] Solids content of an aqueous system was measured as follows: weigh 10-20 grams of a sample into a dish and record the sample weight number as m1, then put it into a 150℃ oven for 30 minutes for drying, then take it out to weigh and record the sample weight as m2, solids content is calculated as m2 / m1 by percentage.
[0032] “Acrylic” in the present disclosure includes (meth) acrylic acid, alkyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylamide, (meth) acrylonitrile and their modified forms such as hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylate. Throughout this document, the word fragment “ (meth) acryl” refers to both “methacryl” and “acryl” . For example, (meth) acrylic acid refers to both methacrylic acid and acrylic acid, and methyl (meth) acrylate refers to both methyl methacrylate and methyl acrylate. Specific examples of acrylic polymer include acrylic homopolymers, styrene acrylic copolymers, or mixtures thereof.
[0033] II. Three-dimensional loop material
[0034] The present disclosure provides a three-dimensional loop material which comprises fibers of random looped structures. In some embodiments, the random looped fibers are bonded with one another, wherein the loops are randomly formed by allowing continuous fibers to bend to come in contact with one another in a molten state and be heat-bonded at a plurality of contact points.
[0035] The fibers comprised in the three-dimensional loop material are made from polyethylene (PE) , ethylene / α-olefin elastomers (POE) , olefin block copolymers (OBC) , thermoplastic polyester elastomers (TPEE) , thermoplastic polyamide elastomers (TPAE) , thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) , or the blends thereof, which are also referred to herein as ″polymer fibers″ . In some embodiments, based on the total weight of the fibers comprised in the three-dimensional loop material, more than 90%, more than 95%, more than 98%, more than 99%, more than 99.5%or more than 99.9%or 100%of the fibers are made from polyethylene (PE) , ethylene / α-olefin elastomers (POE) , olefin block copolymers (OBC) , thermoplastic polyester elastomers (TPEE) , thermoplastic polyamide elastomers (TPAE) , thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) , or the blends thereof.
[0036] In some embodiments, based on the total weight of the fibers comprised in the three-dimensional loop material, less than 10%, less than 5%, less than 2%, less than 1%, less than 0.5%or less than 0.1%or 0%of the fibers are made from other materials, for example, aramid fibers, polyester fibers, cellulose fibers (e.g., regenerated cellulose fibers) .
[0037] In some embodiments, the fibers comprised in the three-dimensional loop material have a diameter that is no less than about 0.3 mm. In some embodiments, the fibers comprised in the three-dimensional loop material have a diameter that is no more than about 2.0 mm. In some embodiments, the fibers comprised in the three-dimensional loop material have a diameter that is within the range formed by taking any two of the numerical values in the following list as the endpoints: 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 1., and 2.0 mm. In some embodiments, the fibers comprised in the three-dimensional loop material have a diameter that is within the range from about 0.3 mm to about 2.0 mm, from about 0.5 mm to about 2.0 mm, from about 0.3 mm to about 1.5 mm, or from about 0.5 mm to about 1.2mm.
[0038] In some embodiments, the three-dimensional loop material before coated has a density that is no less than about 30 kg / m3. In some embodiments, the three-dimensional loop material has a density that is no more than about 120 kg / m3. In some embodiments, the three-dimensional loop material has a density that is within the range formed by taking any two of the numerical values in the following list as the endpoints: 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110 and 120 kg / m3. In some embodiments, the three-dimensional loop material has a density that is within the range from about 30 kg / m3 to about 120 kg / m3, from about 40 kg / m3 to about 100 kg / m3, from about 40 kg / m3 to about 80 kg / m3, or from about 50 kg / m3 to about 70 kg / m3.
[0039] In some embodiments, the three-dimensional loop material is a nonwoven material.
[0040] Ethylene / α-olefin multi-block interpolymer
[0041] The term “ethylene / α-olefin multi-block interpolymer” , also called “ethylene / α-olefin multi-block copolymer” or “olefin block copolymer (OBC) ” as used herein, refers to an interpolymer that includes ethylene and one or more copolymerizable α-olefin comonomers in polymerized form, characterized by multiple blocks or segments of two or more (preferably three or more) polymerized monomer units, the blocks or segments differing in chemical or physical properties. Specifically, this term refers to a polymer comprising two or more (preferably three or more) chemically distinct regions or segments (referred to as “blocks” ) joined in a linear manner, that is, a polymer comprising chemically differentiated units which are joined (covalently bonded) end-to-end with respect to polymerized functionality, rather than in pendent or grafted fashion. The blocks differ in the amount or type of comonomer incorporated therein, the density, the amount of crystallinity, the type of crystallinity (e.g., polyethylene versus polypropylene) , the crystallite size attributable to a polymer of such composition, the type or degree of tacticity (isotactic or syndiotactic) , region-regularity or region-irregularity, the amount of branching, including long chain branching or hyper-branching, the homogeneity, and / or any other chemical or physical property. The block copolymers are characterized by unique distributions of both polymer polydispersity (PDI or Mw / Mn) and block length distribution, e.g., based on the effect of the use of a shuttling agent (s) in combination with catalyst systems. Non-limiting examples of the olefin block copolymers of the present disclosure, as well as the processes for preparing the same, are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 7,858,706 B2, 8,198,374 B2, 8,318,864 B2, 8,609,779 B2, 8,710,143 B2, 8,785,551 B2, 9,243,090 B2, and US20230058913 which are all incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
[0042] Ethylene / α-olefin multi-block interpolymers are characterized by multiple blocks or segments of two or more polymerized monomer units, differing in chemical or physical properties.
[0043] In some embodiments, the multi-block copolymers can be represented by the following formula: (AB) n, where n is at least 1, preferably an integer greater than 1, such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, or higher. Here, “A” represents a hard block or segment, and “B” represents a soft block or segment. Preferably the A segments and the B segments are linked in a substantially linear fashion, as opposed to a substantially branched or substantially star-shaped fashion. In other embodiments, the A segments and the B segments are randomly distributed along the polymer chain. In other words, for example, the block copolymers usually do not have a structure as follows: AAA-AA-BBB-BB. In still other embodiments, the block copolymers do not usually have a third type of block or segment, which comprises different comonomer (s) . In yet other embodiments, each of block A and block B has monomers or comonomers substantially randomly distributed within the block. In other words, neither block A nor block B comprises two or more sub-segments (or sub-blocks) of distinct composition, such as a tip segment, which has a substantially different composition than the rest of the block.
[0044] The olefin block copolymers, in general, are produced via a chain shuttling process, such as, for example, described in U.S. Patent 7,858,706, which is herein incorporated by reference. Some chain shuttling agents and related information are listed in Col. 16, line 39, through Col. 19, line 44. Some catalysts are described in Col. 19, line 45, through Col. 46, line 19, and some co-catalysts in Col. 46, line 20, through Col. 51 line 28. Some process features are described in Col 51, line 29, through Col. 54, line 56. See also the following: U.S. Patent 7,608,668; U.S. Patent 7,893,166; and U.S. Patent 7,947,793 as well as US Patent Publication 2010 / 0197880. See also U.S. Patent 9,243,173.
[0045] Preferably, ethylene comprises the majority mole fraction of the whole ethylene / α-olefin multi-block copolymer, i.e., ethylene comprises at least 40 wt%of the whole ethylene / α-olefin multi-block copolymer. More preferably, ethylene comprises at least 50 wt%, at least 60 wt%, at least 70 wt%, or at least 80 wt%, with the substantial remainder of the whole ethylene / α-olefin multi-block interpolymer comprising the C4-C8 α-olefin comonomer, preferably, the C4-C8 α-olefin comonomer may be selected from butene, pentene, hexene, heptane, and octene, preferably 1-butene, 1-hexene, and 1-octene. In an embodiment, the ethylene / α-olefin multi-block interpolymer contains from 40 wt%, 50 wt%, or 60 wt%, or 65 wt%to 80 wt%, or 85 wt%, or 90 wt%of ethylene. For many ethylene / octene multi-block interpolymers, the composition comprises an ethylene content greater than 80 wt%of the whole ethylene / octene multi-block interpolymer and an octene content of from 10 wt%to 15 wt%, or from 15 wt%to 20 wt%of the whole ethylene / octene multi-block interpolymer.
[0046] The ethylene / α-olefin multi-block copolymer includes various amounts of “hard” segments and “soft” segments. “Hard” segments are blocks of polymerized units in which ethylene is present in an amount greater than 90 wt%, or 95 wt%, or greater than 95 wt%, or greater than 98 wt%, based on the weight of the polymer, up to 100 wt%. In other words, the comonomer content (content of monomers other than ethylene) in the hard segments is less than 10 wt%, or 5 wt%, or less than 5 wt%, or less than 2 wt%, based on the weight of the polymer, and can be as low as zero. In some embodiments, the hard segments include all, or substantially all, units derived from ethylene. “Soft” segments are blocks of polymerized units in which the comonomer content (content of monomers other than ethylene) is greater than 5 wt%, or greater than 8 wt%, or greater than 10 wt%, or greater than 15 wt%, based on the weight of the polymer. In an embodiment, the comonomer content in the soft segments is greater than 20 wt%, or greater than 25 wt%, or greater than 30 wt%, or greater than 35 wt%, or greater than 40 wt%, or greater than 45 wt%, or greater than 50 wt%, or greater than 60 wt%and can be up to 100 wt%.
[0047] The soft segments can be present in an ethylene / α-olefin multi-block interpolymer from 1 wt%, or 5 wt%, or 10 wt%, or 15 wt%, or 20 wt%, or 25 wt%, or 30 wt%, or 35 wt%, or 40 wt%, or 45 wt%to 55 wt%, or 60 wt%, or 65 wt%, or 70 wt%, or 75 wt%, or 80 wt%, or 85 wt%, or 90 wt%, or 95 wt%, or 99 wt%of the total weight of the ethylene / α-olefin multi-block interpolymer. Conversely, the hard segments can be present in similar ranges. The soft segment weight percentage and the hard segment weight percentage can be calculated based on data obtained from DSC or NMR. Such methods and calculations are disclosed in, for example, USP 7, 608, 668, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. In particular, hard and soft segment weight percentages and comonomer content may be determined as described in column 57 to column 63 of USP 7,608,668.
[0048] In an embodiment, the ethylene / α-olefin multi-block copolymer is produced in a continuous process and possesses a polydispersity index (Mw / Mn) from 1.7 to 3.5, or from 1.8 to 3, or from 1.8 to 2.5, or from 1.8 to 2.2. When produced in a batch or semi-batch process, the ethylene / α-olefin multi-block copolymer possesses Mw / Mn from 1.0 to 3.5, or from 1.3 to 3, or from 1.4 to 2.5, or from 1.4 to 2.
[0049] Nonlimiting examples of suitable ethylene / α-olefin multi-block copolymer are disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 7,608,668, the entire content of which is incorporated by reference herein.
[0050] In an embodiment, the ethylene / α-olefin multi-block copolymer consists of only (i) ethylene and (ii) a C4-C8 α-olefin.
[0051] In an embodiment, the ethylene / α-olefin multi-block copolymer has hard segments and soft segments, is styrene-free, consists of only (i) ethylene and (ii) a C4-C8 α-olefin, and is defined as having a Mw / Mn from 1.7 to 3.5.
[0052] In an embodiment, the ethylene / α-olefin multi-block copolymer used in the present disclosure has a density of between about 0.870 g / cc and about 0.20 g / cc, preferably between about 0.880 g / cc and 0.15 g / cc, more preferably between about 0.890 g / cc and about 0.910 g / cc, even more preferably between about 0.900 g / cc and about 0.905 g / cc.
[0053] Preferably, the ethylene / α-olefin multi-block copolymer used in the present disclosure has a MI of not greater than about 60 g / 10 min (at 1 0 ℃ / 2.16 kg) , preferably not greater than about 50 g / 10 min at 1 0 ℃ / 2.16 kg, more preferably not greater than about 40 g / 10 min at 1 0 ℃ / 2.16 kg, more preferably not greater than about 35 g / 10 min at 190 ℃ / 2.16 kg, even more preferably not greater than about 30 g / 10 min at 190 ℃ / 2.16 kg. Alternatively, the ethylene / α-olefin random copolymer used in the present disclosure has a MI from about 0.1 g / 10 min at 190 ℃ / 2.16 kg to about 60 g / 10 min at 190 ℃ / 2.16 kg, preferably about 1 g / 10 min at 190 ℃ / 2.16 kg to about 50 g / 10 min at 190 ℃ / 2.16 kg, more preferably about 1.5 g / 10 min at 190 ℃ / 2.16 kg to about 40 g / 10 min at 190 ℃ / 2.16 kg, still more preferably about 2 g / 10 min at 190 ℃ / 2.16 kg to about 35 / 10 min at 190 ℃ / 2.16 kg, and even more preferably about 3 g / 10 min at 190 ℃ / 2.16 kg to about 30 g / 10 min at 190 ℃ / 2.16 kg.
[0054] Suitable ethylene / α-olefin multi-block interpolymer can be INFUSETM from Dow, such as INFUSETM9107, INFUSETM 9500, INFUSETM 9507, INFUSETM 9530, or INFUSETM 9807.
[0055] Ethylene / α-olefin random copolymer
[0056] An ethylene / α-olefin random copolymer (also called random POE or ethylene / α-olefin elastomer or POE) is an ethylene / propylene random copolymer or an ethylene / C4-C8 α-olefin random copolymer. In an embodiment, the ethylene / α-olefin copolymer is an ethylene / C4-C8 α-olefin copolymer. The ethylene / C4-C8 α-olefin copolymer is composed of, or otherwise consists of, ethylene and one copolymerizable C4-C8 α-olefin comonomer in polymerized form. The ethylene / C4-C8 α-olefin copolymer is composed of, or otherwise consists of, ethylene and one copolymerizable C4-C8 α-olefin comonomer in polymerized form. The C4-C8 α-olefin comonomer may be selected from 1-butene, methyl-l-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 4-hexene, 5-methyl-l-hexene, 4-ethyl-l-hexene, or 1-octene. In an embodiment, the ethylene / α-olefin copolymer is an ethylene / 1-octene copolymer.
[0057] In an embodiment, the ethylene / α-olefin random copolymer used in the present disclosure has a density of between about 0.870 g / cc and about 0.20 g / cc, preferably between about 0.880 g / cc and 0.915 g / cc, more preferably between about 0.890 g / cc and about 0.910 g / cc, even more preferably between about 0.900 g / cc and about 0.905 g / cc.
[0058] Preferably, the ethylene / α-olefin random copolymer used in the present disclosure has a MI of not greater than about 60 g / 10 min (at 1 0 ℃ / 2.16 kg) , preferably not greater than about 50 g / 10 min at 190 ℃ / 2.16 kg, more preferably not greater than about 40 g / 10 min at 190 ℃ / 2.16 kg, more preferably not greater than about 35 g / 10 min at 1 0 ℃ / 2.16 kg, even more preferably not greater than about 30 g / 10 min at 190 ℃ / 2.16 kg. Alternatively, the ethylene / α-olefin random copolymer used in the present disclosure has a MI from about 0.1 g / 10 min at 190 ℃ / 2.16 kg to about 60 g / 10 min at 190 ℃ / 2.16 kg, preferably about 1 g / 10 min at 1 0 ℃ / 2.16 kg to about 50 g / 10 min at 190 ℃ / 2.16 kg, more preferably about 1.5 g / 10 min at 190 ℃ / 2.16 kg to about 40 g / 10 min at 190 ℃ / 2.16 kg, still more preferably about 2 g / 10 min at 190 ℃ / 2.16 kg to about 35 / 10 min at 190 ℃ / 2.16 kg, and even more preferably about 3 g / 10 min at 190 ℃ / 2.16 kg to about 30 g / 10 min at 190 ℃ / 2.16 kg.
[0059] Suitable ethylene / α-olefin random copolymer can be ENGAGETM from Dow, such as ENGAGETM 8401, ENGAGETM 8402, or ENGAGETM 8450from Dow Chemical Company.
[0060] The types of the polymer that can be used to prepare the neat 3D loop material a re not limited in the present disclosure. Other polymers, such as thermoplastic polyest er elastomers (TPEE) , thermoplastic polyamide elastomers (TPAE) , thermoplastic pol yurethanes (TPU) may be used to prepare the neat 3D loop material, as long as it can f orm a 3D loop material with good mechanical properties.
[0061] III. The coating composition
[0062] The coating of the present disclosure is prepared from a coating composition.
[0063] The coating composition may comprise 20-80 wt%, preferably 25-70 wt%, more preferably 30-60 wt%, most preferably 35-55wt%of an acrylic polymer based on the total weight of the composition.
[0064] The coating composition may further comprise one or more additives selected from the groups consisting of a coalescent, a foaming agent and an antiblocker.
[0065] The coating composition may further comprise 0-6 wt%, preferably 0.5-5.5 wt%, more preferably 1-5 wt%, most preferably 2-4 wt%of a coalescent based on the total weight of the composition.
[0066] The coating composition may further comprise 0-8wt%, preferably 0.1-7 wt%, more preferably 0.2-5 wt%, most preferably 0.3-2 wt%of a foaming agent based on the total weight of the composition. The foaming agent used in the present disclosure can comprise at least one physical foaming agent which is selected from a hydrocarbon, hydrofluorocarbon, hydrochlorofluorocarbon, fluorocarbon, dialkyl ether or fluorine-substituted dialkyl ether, or any combination thereof. Foaming agents of these types can comprise, but are not limited to, propane, isopentane, n-pentane, n-butane, isobutane, isobutene, cyclo-pentane, dimethyl ether, 1, 1-dichloro-l-fluoroethane (HCFC-141b) , chlorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22) , l-chloro-l, l-difluoroethane (HCFC-142b) , 1, 1, 1, 2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a) , 1, 1, 1, 3, 3-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) , 1, 1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a) , 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3-heptafluoropropane (HFC-227ea) , 1, 1, 1, 3, 3-pentafluoropropane (HFC-245fa) , hydrofluoroolefin (HCFO) , hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) such as LBA, and any combination thereof. The coating composition may also comprise a chemical foaming agent, such as water, carboxylic acid, formic acid, and any combination thereof. Preferably, a foaming bead can be used as a foaming agent. Preferably, the foaming bead can be a core / shell structure. More preferably, the shell is made of acrylics and the core is filled with an alkane foaming agent. The foaming beads used in the coating composition can be activated at temperature below the melting point of polymer of 3D Loop filament core. For example, the foaming bead is activated (also called foamed) at a temperature of less than 120 ℃, preferred less than 110 ℃, preferred less than 100 ℃ and more preferred less than 90 ℃.
[0067] The coating composition may further comprise 0-5 wt%, preferably 0.1-4 wt%, more preferably 0.2-3 wt%, most preferably 0.3-2 wt%of an anti-blocker based on the total weight of the composition.
[0068] The coating composition may further comprise 0-3 wt%, preferably 0.05-2 wt%, more preferably 0.1-1 wt%, most preferably 0.15-0.5 wt%of a defoamer based on the total weight of the composition.
[0069] The coating composition may further comprise 0-3 wt%, preferably 0.05-2 wt%, more preferably 0.1-1 wt%, most preferably 0.15-0.5 wt%of a dispersant based on the total weight of the composition.
[0070] The loading amount of the coating, calculated based on the dry weight of the coating, on the 3D loop material can be in a range of 1-0wt%, preferably 2-60wt%, more preferably 3-50wt%, even more preferably 5-30wt%, still more preferably 10-20wt%, based on the dry weight of the 3D loop material before coated.
[0071] The coating composition may also comprise one or more conventional additives such as foam stabilizers, tackifiers, plasticizers, rheology modifiers, antioxidants, UV-absorbents, light-stabilizers, catalysts, fillers, colorants, pigments, water scavengers, surfactants, solvents, diluents, flame retardants, antistatic agents, preservatives, biocides and any combinations thereof. Besides, in addition to the above stated components, the binder may comprise balance amount of water, such as having a water content of about 30 wt%to 75 wt%.
[0072] Acrylic polymer
[0073] The acrylic polymer useful in the present disclosure may comprise structural units of one or more ethylenically unsaturated nonionic monomers. The term “nonionic monomers” refers to monomers that do not bear an ionic charge between pH=1-14. Suitable ethylenically unsaturated nonionic monomers may include an alkyl ester of (meth) acrylic acid; a hydroxy-functional alkyl (meth) acrylate; a cycloalkyl (meth) arylate such as cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, vinyl aromatic monomers such as styrene and substituted styrene (including for example α-methyl styrene, p-methyl styrene, t-butyl styrene, vinyltoluene) ; glycidyl (meth) acrylate; α-olefins such as ethylene, propylene, and 1-decene; vinyl compounds such as vinyl (meth) acrylate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl versatate and other vinyl esters; nitrile-containing monomers such as acrylonitrile (AN) ; or mixtures thereof. “Alkyl” means a linear or branched alkyl group. The alkyl ester of (meth) acrylic acid may be selected from C1-C2-alkyl (meth) acrylates, C4-C20-alkyl (meth) acrylates, or mixtures thereof. The C4-C20-alkyl (meth) acrylates refer to alkyl esters of (meth) acrylic acid containing an alkyl with from 4 to 20 carbon atoms, or from 4 to 18 carbon atoms. Examples of C4-C20-alkyl (meth) acrylates include butyl (meth) acrylate, iso-butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) acrylate, stearyl (meth) acrylate, benzyl (meth) acrylate, oleyl (meth) acrylate, palmityl (meth) acrylate, nonyl (meth) acrylate, decyl (meth) acrylate, dodecyl (meth) acrylate, pentadecyl (meth) acrylate, hexadecyl (meth) acrylate, octadecyl (meth) acrylate, or mixtures thereof. Desirably, the C4-C20-alkyl (meth) acrylate is selected from 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (EHA) , butyl (meth) acrylate, or mixtures thereof. Suitable C1-C2-alkyl (meth) acrylates may include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, or mixtures thereof. Suitable hydroxy-functional alkyl (meth) acrylates may include hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylates, hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylates, hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylates, 6-hydroxyhexyl (meth) acrylate, 3-hydroxy-2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, or mixtures thereof. Desirably, the hydroxy-functional alkyl (meth) acrylate is selected from the group consisting of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) , 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, and mixtures thereof. Desirably, the ethylenically unsaturated nonionic monomers are selected from styrene, HEMA, acrylonitrile, methyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, butyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate (BA) , EHA, vinyl acrylate or mixtures thereof. Desirably, the ethylenically unsaturated nonionic monomers are selected from styrene, alkyl ester of (meth) acrylic acid, vinyl acrylate or mixtures thereof. More desirably, the ethylenically unsaturated nonionic monomers are selected from styrene, butyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate (BA) , or mixtures thereof.
[0074] The acrylic polymer useful in the present disclosure may comprise or be free of structural units of one or more ethylenically unsaturated acid monomers, salts thereof, or mixtures thereof. The acid monomers and / or their salts may include a, β-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids including an acid-bearing monomer such as methacrylic acid (MAA) , acrylic acid (AA) , itaconic acid, maleic acid, or fumaric acid; or a monomer bearing an acid-forming group which yields or is subsequently convertible to, such an acid group (such as anhydride, (meth) acrylic anhydride, or maleic anhydride) ; phosphorous-containing monomers such as vinyl phosphonic acid, allyl phosphonic acid, phosphoalkyl (meth) acrylates such as phosphoethyl (meth) acrylate, phosphopropyl (meth) acrylate, phosphobutyl (meth) acrylate, SIPOMER PAM-100, SIPOMER PAM-200, and SIPOMER PAM-300 all available from Solvay, phosphoalkoxy (meth) acrylates such as phospho ethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, phospho di-ethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, phospho tri-ethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, phospho propylene glycol (meth) acrylate, phospho di-propylene glycol (meth) acrylate, phospho tri-propylene glycol (meth) acrylate; sulfonic acid monomers and salts thereof including, for example, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid; sodium salt of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid; and ammonium salt of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid; sodium p-styrene sulfonate (SSS) ; sodium vinyl sulfonate (SVS) ; sodium salt of allyl ether sulfonate; salts thereof; and mixtures thereof. Desirably, the acid monomer is an α, β-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid. More desirably, the acid monomer includes acrylic acid, methyl acrylic acid, SSS, or mixtures thereof, and more desirably, the acid monomer is AA. The acrylic polymer may comprise structural units of the acid monomer at a concentration of 0%to 20%, and can be 0.1%to 15%, 0.3%to 12%, 0.5%to 10%, or 0.7%to 8%, by weight based on the weight of the acrylic polymer.
[0075] The acrylic polymer useful in the present disclosure may comprise or be free of structural units of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers carrying at least one functional group selected from an amide, ureido, carbonyl, or silane group, or combinations thereof (hereinafter “functional monomer” ) . Suitable functional monomers may include, for example, carbonyl-containing functional monomers such as acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate (AAEM) and diacetone acrylamide (DAAM) , acrylamide, methacrylamide, vinyltrialkoxysilanes such as vinyltrimethoxysilane, (meth) acryloxyalkyltrialkoxysilanes such as (meth) acryloxyethyltrimethoxysilane and (meth) acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, or mixtures thereof. Desirably, the functional monomer comprises acrylamide, DAAM, ureido-containing monomers, or mixtures thereof. The acrylic polymer may comprise structural units of the functional monomer at a concentration of 0%to 20%, and can be 0.1%to 15%, 0.3%to 12%, 0.5%to 10%, or 0.7%to 8%, by weight based on the weight of the acrylic polymer.
[0076] Desirably, the acrylic polymer may comprise structural units of the alkyl ester of (meth) acrylic acid at a concentration of zero to 90%, 2%to 80%, 3%to 70%, or 4%to 60%, or 5%to 50%or 10%to 45%by weight based on the weight of the acrylic polymer. The acrylic polymer may comprise structural units of styrene at a concentration of 20%to 99%, 25%to 95%, 30%to 90%, 35%to 85%, 40%to 80%, or 50%to 70%, or 55%to 65%, by weight based on the weight of the acrylic polymer. The acrylic polymer may comprise structural units of vinyl (meth) acrylate at a concentration of 20%to 99%, 25%to 95%, 30%to 90%, 35%to 85%, 40%to 80%, or 50%to 70%, or 55%to 65%, by weight based on the weight of the acrylic polymer. The acrylic polymer may comprise or be free of structural units of a multifunctional nonionic monomer such as butadiene, divinylbenzene, and allyl (meth) acrylate, typically at a concentration of zero to 5%, zero to 2%, 0.1%to 1%, or 0.1%to 0.5%, by weight based on the weight of the acrylic polymer.
[0077] Desirably, the acrylic polymer may comprise structural units of the ethylenically unsaturated nonionic monomer at a total concentration of 80%to 100%, 85%to 99.6%, 90%to 99.4%, 92%to 99.2%, or 95%to 99%, by weight based on the weight of the acrylic polymer. Preferably, the ethylenically unsaturated nonionic monomer is selected from butyl (meth) acrylate, ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, styrene, vinyl (meth) acrylate.
[0078] The acrylic polymer useful in the present disclosure may have a Tg of below 5 ℃, or a Tg of below 0℃, or a Tg of below -5 ℃, or a Tg of below -10 ℃ or a Tg of below -15 ℃ or within a numerical range obtained by combining any two of the following values: 5 ℃, 0 ℃, -5 ℃, -10 ℃, -15 ℃, -20 ℃, -25 ℃, -30 ℃, -35 ℃, -40℃, -45 ℃.
[0079] IV. Production of three-dimensional loop material
[0080] The present disclosure also provides a method for making the three-dimensional loop material disclosed herein, comprising the steps of:
[0081] i) providing loop fibers made from polyethylene (PE) , ethylene / α-olefin elastomers (POE) , olefin block copolymers (OBC) , thermoplastic polyester elastomers (TPEE) , thermoplastic polyamide elastomers (TPAE) , thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) , or the blends thereof; and
[0082] ii) allowing loop fibers to come into contact with one another and to be heat-bonded whereby to form the three-dimensional loop material in a random loop structure, and
[0083] iii) coating the three-dimensional loop material with a coating composition comprising at least one acrylic polymer.
[0084] The term “coating” used in “coating the three-dimensional loop material” comprises making the loop fibers or 3D loop materials exposure to the coating composition, including but not limited to: spray coating, soaking, dip coating and so on. In some embodiments, the loop fibers can be coated before and / or after forming a 3D loop material.
[0085] In some embodiments, the method further comprises iv) a step of foaming the formed three-dimensional loop material, when the coating composition comprises a foaming agent. The foaming step is activated at a temperature below the melting point of polymer of the loop fibers.
[0086] In some embodiments, the method further comprises v) a step of drying the formed three-dimensional loop material before use or storage.
[0087] In further embodiments of the present disclosure, the method further comprises the steps of:
[0088] a) melting a polymer selected from polyethylene (PE) , ethylene / α-olefin elastomers (POE) , olefin block copolymers (OBC) , thermoplastic polyester elastomers (TPEE) , thermoplastic polyamide elastomers (TPAE) , thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) , or the blends thereof as well as optional additives to form a molten composition; and
[0089] b) discharging the molten composition to a downward direction from a nozzle with a plurality of orifices to obtain continuous loop fibers in a molten state;
[0090] c) cooling the loop fibers.
[0091] In some embodiments, the melting is carried out at a temperature ranged from 170 ℃ to 220 ℃, for example, from 170 ℃ to 210 ℃, from 180 ℃ to 210 ℃, or from 180 ℃ to 200 ℃.
[0092] In some embodiments, the cooling is carried out at a temperature ranged from 25 ℃ to 40 ℃, for example, from 30 ℃ to 40 ℃, or from 30 ℃ to 35 ℃.
[0093] V. Applications and uses
[0094] The present disclosure also provides a use of the three-dimensional loop material as a cushion material or a seat padding material.
[0095] The three-dimensional loop material of the present disclosure can be adapted for a variety of uses. Examples include, but are not limited to, use of the three-dimensional loop material with chairs, stools, home furniture, beds, sofas, mattress, pillows, automobiles, motorcycles, trains, airplanes, boats, ships, seacraft, aircraft, spacecraft, tractors, bicycles, unicycles, tricycles, recreational vehicles, dune buggies, jet skis, stadium seats, spacecraft, hovercraft, ski lifts, roller coaster, glider, luge, bobsled, recliners, gurneys, beds, yoga mats, pet crate liners, gardening knee mats, or any other kind of cycle, vehicle, seat, or furniture. In some embodiments, the three-dimensional loop material is used in the seats of automobiles, motorcycles, trains, airplanes, boats, seacraft, aircraft, spacecraft and so on. In some embodiments, the three-dimensional loop material is used in chairs, stools, home furniture, beds, sofas, mattress, and so on.
[0096] In some embodiments, the three-dimensional loop material can be covered with an outerwrap.
[0097] The present disclosure further provides an article comprising the three-dimensional loop material disclosed herein.
[0098] In some embodiments, the article can be a cushion, for example, a vehicle cushion. In some embodiments, the article can be vehicle seats such as bas the seats of automobiles, motorcycles, trains, airplanes, boats, seacraft, aircraft, spacecraft and the like. In some embodiments, the article can be chairs, stools, home furniture, beds, sofas, mattress, and the like.
[0099] The present disclosure also provides a use of a coating composition comprising at least one acrylic polymer in improving the durability of a three-dimensional loop material.
[0100] It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.EXAMPLES
[0101] Some embodiments of the invention will now be described in the following Examples, wherein all parts and percentages are by weight unless otherwise specified.
[0102] A. Materials / Ingredients
[0103] Table 1: Resin Raw materials
[0104] Production of POE-1
[0105] All raw materials (monomer and comonomer) and the process solvent (anarrow boiling range high-purity isoparaffinic solvent, Isopar-E) were purified with molecular sieves before introduction into the reaction environment. Hydrogen was supplied pressurized as a high purity grade and was not further purified. The reactor monomer feed stream was pressurized via a mechanical compressor to above reaction pressure. The solvent and comonomer feed were pressurized via a pump to above reaction pressure. The individual catalyst components were manually batch diluted with purified solvent and pressured to above reaction pressure. All reaction feed flows were measured with mass flow meters and independently controlled with computer automated valve control systems.
[0106] A two-reactor system was used in a series configuration. Each continuous solution polymerization reactor consisted of a liquid full, non-adiabatic, isothermal, circulating, loop reactor which mimicked a continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) with heat removal. Independent control of all fresh solvent, monomer, comonomer, hydrogen, and catalyst component feeds was possible. The total fresh feed stream to each reactor (solvent, monomer, comonomer, and hydrogen) was temperature controlled to maintain a single solution phase by passing the feed stream through a heat exchanger. The total fresh feed to each polymerization reactor was injected into the reactor at two locations with approximately equal reactor volumes between each injection location. The fresh feed was controlled with each injector receiving half of the total fresh feed mass flow. The catalyst components were injected into each polymerization reactor through a specially designed injection stinger. The primary catalyst component feed was computer controlled to maintain each reactor monomer conversion at the specified targets. The cocatalyst components were fed based on calculated specified molar ratios to the primary catalyst component. Immediately following each reactor feed injection location, the feed streams were mixed with the circulating polymerization reactor contents with static mixing elements. The contents of each reactor were continuously circulated through heat exchangers responsible for removing much of the heat of reaction and with the temperature of the coolant side responsible for maintaining an isothermal reaction environment at the specified temperature. Circulation around each reactor loop was provided by a pump.
[0107] The effluent from the first polymerization reactor (containing solvent, monomer, comonomer, hydrogen, catalyst components, and polymer) exited the first reactor loop and was added to the second reactor loop.
[0108] The final reactor effluent (second reactor effluent for dual series configuration) entered a zone where it was deactivated with the addition of and reaction with a suitable reagent (water) . At this same reactor exit location other additives were added for polymer stabilization (typical antioxidants suitable for stabilization during extrusion and blown film fabrication like Octadecyl 3, 5-Di-tert-butyl-4 -hydroxyhydrocinnamate, Tris (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, and Tetrakis (methylene (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate) ) methane) .
[0109] Following catalyst deactivation and additive addition, the reactor effluent entered a devolatization system where the polymer was removed from the non-polymer stream. The isolated polymer melt was pelletized and collected. The non-polymer stream passed through various pieces of equipment which separated most of the ethylene which was removed from the system. Most of the solvent and unreacted comonomer was recycled back to the reactor system after passing through a purification system. A small amount of solvent and comonomer was purged from the process.
[0110] The reactor stream feed data flows that correspond to the values in Table A were used to produce the POE-1.
[0111] Table A
[0112] Table B
[0113] The production of the 3D Loop structure:
[0114] The polymer resin pellets (dry blended if more than one resin was used) were fed in the single screw extruder and melt was then extruded though the T-die with 80 × 5 nozzles. The fiber diameter was around 0.8 mm, and the extruder and die temperature was set at 200 ℃, fiber melt dropped to cold water (25 ℃) and fiber curling and bonding with each other and cooled to form 3D loop samples. The resulting 3DL cushion sample thickness was controlled at 50 mm, and each formulation was prepared for 60 kg / m3 for different supporting effect in PU foam. Samples were stabilized at room temperature for 24 hours and then cut into different sizes for further use.
[0115] Table 2: Additives
[0116] Table 3. Coating formulations
[0117] Coating process:
[0118] Dip coating: A square 3D Loop sample (thickness 50 mm) was immersed in the coating formulations as listed in Table 3, then taken out of the emulsion and the sample was slightly shaken to remove extra liquid. The sample was then dried in air at room temperature.
[0119] Loading amount of the coating is obtained via the equation below:
[0120] wherein Mafter coating refers to the mass of the 3DL sample after being coated with the emulsion, and Mbefore coating refers to the weight of the 3DL sample before being coated with the emulsion.
[0121] The results of all the examples were summarized in Table 4-8 below. Detailed analysis was described in the following part.
[0122] 3DL article of different materials, densities and manufacturers were used, since each of neat 3DL article shows different durability performance, the coated 3DL articles were compared with the respective control sample.
[0123] Table 4: Results for 3DL-1 (Manufacturer of 3DL-1: Zhangjiagang Dida Machinery Co., Ltd., 3DL size 200 mm x 200 mm, density 0.05 g / cm3, resin: ENGAGE 8402 / 8450 50 / 50 wt / wt)
[0124] Table 5: Results for 3DL-2 (Manufacturer of 3DL-2: Zhangjiagang Dida Machinery Co., Ltd., 3DL size: 200 mm x 200 mm, density: 0.06 g / cm3, resin: POE-1)
[0125] Table 6: Results for 3DL-3 (Manufacturer of 3DL-3: HEFEI VANDRA REFRIGERATION TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD., 3DL size: 200 mm x 200 mm, density: 0.06 g / cm3, resin: POE-1)
[0126] Table 7: Results for 3DL-4 (Manufacturer of 3DL-4: HEFEI VANDRA REFRIGERATION TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD., 3DL size: 400 mm x 400 mm, density: 0.06 g / cm3, resin: POE-1)
[0127] Table 8: Results for 3DL-3 (Manufacturer of 3DL-3: HEFEI VANDRA REFRIGERATION TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD., 3DL size: 200 mm x 200 mm, density: 0.06 g / cm3, resin: POE-1)
[0128] *oven dried at 90 ℃ for 2 h
[0129] Table 9. Intrinsic Tgs of coated acrylic polymer
[0130] Different acrylic polymer with different Tgs (Formulation 1, 2 and 4, Table 4 and 5) were tested. The acrylic polymer with Tg -22 ℃ showed the best durability performance, the acrylic polymer with Tg above 4 ℃ showed contrary performance which would likely to hurt durability performance. A coating with a high Tg would also crack during durability test as resulted in CE-1-2.
[0131] From the results in IE-2-1, IE2-2, IE2-3 in Table 5, it can be seen that the low Tg acrylate polymer as a coating material would lead to sticky hand feeling, by adding Dowsil 211S as an anti-blocker, the sticky hand feeling can be improved. The test was using different types of 3DLs from different manufacturers and sizes (200x200 or 400x400 mm) , so respective sets of control sample were used. Similar trend of coating influence on durability was observed.
[0132] From the results in Table 8, it can be seen that by adding foaming beads in the coating formulation, a foamed coated 3DL was obtained via extra 90 ℃ heating for 2 h, the durability performance can be further improved (mainly on thickness loss wise) . Due to extra heat retreatment step was applied, another control sample with the same heat treatment condition was used. The foamed coated 3DL samples show positive improvement in durability.
[0133] A low Tg soft acrylate binder, an anti-blocker and foaming beads were proved to be effective in further improving 3DL durability.
[0134] Test methods
[0135] Thickness
[0136] Thickness was measured with a vernier caliper. The thickness values at different positions of the articles were recorded and averaged to provide the thickness of the article.
[0137] Hardness
[0138] Hardness of the 3DL article was measured in accordance with ASTM D3574.
[0139] Durability test condition (Constant compression strain method) :
[0140] Durability of 3D loop samples were measured in MTS 810 following with JIS K 6400-4 6.2 B, Indentation Load Deflection (ILD) was used to character the hardness of cushion materials (40%ILD was used) . The compression ratio was set as from 20%ILD to 60%ILD for 80,000 impact cycles at 1 Hz frequency. The sample was then placed under unstressed condition for 10 ± 0.5 minutes, then the final hardness and thickness was characterized.
[0141] Density of the 3D loop material
[0142] The mass and the dimensions of the specimen were determined, and the volume (in kilograms per cubic meter) was calculated:
[0143] Density = M / V
[0144] where: M = mass of specimen, kg, and V = volume of specimen, m3.
[0145] Hand feeling
[0146] Hand feeling was evaluated by bare hand touching. If the surface is smooth and is non-sticky by finger surface touching, the hand feeling would be marked as “good” ; if the surface is sticky by finger surface touching, then the hand feeling would be marked as “sticky” .
[0147] Morphology of the coated article after durability test:
[0148] The coated article after durability test was observed. If the coating breaks or even some pieces drop from the fiber, then the morphology would be marked as “crack” ; if the coating is complete and no obvious difference is observed before and after the durability test, then the morphology would be marked as “no change” .
Claims
1.A three-dimensional loop material comprising loop fibers made from polyethylene (PE) , ethylene / α-olefin elastomers (POE) , olefin block copolymers (OBC) , thermoplastic polyester elastomers (TPEE) , thermoplastic polyamide elastomers (TPAE) , thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) , or the blends thereof, wherein the three-dimensional loop material is coated with a coating layer comprising at least one acrylic polymer.2.The three-dimensional loop material of claim 1, wherein the loading amount of the coating, calculated based on the dry weight of the coating, on the 3D loop material is in a range of 1-90wt%based on the dry weight of the 3D loop material before coated.3.The three-dimensional loop material of claim 1, wherein the acrylic polymer has a Tg of below 5 ℃.4.The three-dimensional loop material of claim 1, wherein the fibers comprised in the three-dimensional loop material have a diameter that is within the range from 0.3 mm to 2.0 mm.5.The three-dimensional loop material of claim 1, wherein the coating is prepared from a coating composition, wherein the coating composition comprises 20-80 wt%of an acrylic polymer based on the total weight of the composition.6.The three-dimensional loop material of claim 5, wherein the coating composition further comprises one or more additives selected from the groups consisting of a coalescent, a foaming agent and an antiblocker.7.The three-dimensional loop material of claim 1, wherein the acrylic polymer comprises structural units of one or more ethylenically unsaturated nonionic monomers.8.The three-dimensional loop material of claim 1, wherein the loop fibers are made from ethylene / α-olefin elastomers (POE) .9.The three-dimensional loop material of claim 9, wherein the ethylene / α-olefin elastomers are ethylene / α-olefin random copolymers and the α-olefin is C4-C8 α-olefin.10.The three-dimensional loop material of claim 10, wherein the ethylene / α-olefin elastomers (POE) have a melting index (MI) in a range from 0.1 g / 10 min at 190 ℃ / 2.16 kg to 50 g / 10 min at 190 ℃ / 2.16 kg.11.A method for making the three-dimensional loop material, comprising the steps of:i) providing loop fibers made from polyethylene (PE) , ethylene / α-olefin elastomers (POE) , olefin block copolymers (OBC) , thermoplastic polyester elastomers (TPEE) , thermoplastic polyamide elastomers (TPAE) , thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) , or the blends thereof; andii) allowing loop fibers to come into contact with one another and to be heat-bonded whereby to form the three-dimensional loop material in a random loop structure, andiii) coating the three-dimensional loop material with a coating composition comprising at least one acrylic polymer.12.An article comprising the three-dimensional loop material according to claim 1.13.A use of a coating composition comprising at least one acrylic polymer in improving the durability of a three-dimensional loop material.
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