Display substrate and display device

Abstract

The present application provides a display substrate and a display device. The display substrate comprises a substrate, a light-emitting layer located on the substrate, a light-shielding layer located on the side of the light-emitting layer away from the substrate, a first insulating layer located on the side of the light-emitting layer away from the substrate, and a second insulating layer. The light-emitting layer comprises a plurality of sub-pixels arranged at intervals. A plurality of openings are formed in the light-shielding layer, and the orthographic projection of one opening on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of a light-emitting area of one sub-pixel on the substrate. The first insulating layer comprises a plurality of first insulating portions, and the orthographic projection of one first insulating portion on the substrate falls within the orthographic projection of one opening on the substrate; and the distance between the surface of each first insulating portion facing the substrate and the substrate is greater than the distance between the surface of the light-shielding layer facing the substrate and the substrate, or the distance between the surface of the light-shielding layer away from the substrate and the substrate is greater than the distance between the surface of each first insulating portion away from the substrate and the substrate. The second insulating layer at least covers the side surfaces of the first insulating portions; and the refractive index of the second insulating layer is smaller than that of the first insulating portions.

Description

Display substrate and display device Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display substrate and a display device. Background Technology

[0002] OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) has advantages such as self-illumination, high efficiency, vivid colors, thinness and energy saving, and wide operating temperature range, and has been gradually applied to large-area displays, lighting and automotive displays. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a display substrate and a display device.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the embodiments of this application, a display substrate is provided. The display substrate includes:

[0005] Substrate;

[0006] A light-emitting layer is located on the substrate, and the light-emitting layer includes a plurality of sub-pixels arranged at intervals;

[0007] A light-shielding layer is located on the side of the light-emitting layer away from the substrate; the light-shielding layer has multiple openings, and the orthographic projection of one of the openings on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of the light-emitting area of ​​one sub-pixel on the substrate;

[0008] A first insulating layer is located on the side of the light-emitting layer away from the substrate. The first insulating layer includes a plurality of spaced-apart first insulating portions, the orthographic projection of one of the first insulating portions onto the substrate falling within the orthographic projection of one of the openings onto the substrate. The distance from the surface of the first insulating portion facing the substrate to the substrate is greater than the distance from the surface of the light-shielding layer facing the substrate to the substrate, and the distance from the surface of the first insulating portion away from the substrate to the substrate is greater than the distance from the surface of the light-shielding layer away from the substrate to the substrate; or, the distance from the surface of the light-shielding layer away from the substrate to the substrate is greater than the distance from the surface of the first insulating portion away from the substrate to the substrate, and the distance from the surface of the light-shielding layer facing the substrate to the substrate is greater than the distance from the surface of the first insulating portion facing the substrate to the substrate.

[0009] The second insulating layer covers at least the side surface of the first insulating portion; the refractive index of the second insulating layer is less than the refractive index of the first insulating portion.

[0010] In one embodiment of this application, the distance from the surface of the first insulating portion facing the substrate to the substrate is greater than or equal to the distance from the surface of the light-shielding layer away from the substrate to the substrate.

[0011] In one embodiment of this application, the display substrate further includes a third insulating layer located on the side of the light-emitting layer away from the substrate, the third insulating portion at least filling the opening, and the first insulating layer located on the side of the third insulating layer away from the substrate.

[0012] In one embodiment of this application, the refractive index of the third insulating layer is less than the refractive index of the first insulating portion.

[0013] In one embodiment of this application, the display substrate further includes a fourth insulating layer located between the light-emitting layer and the first insulating layer. The fourth insulating layer includes an insulating material layer and a plurality of spaced protrusions located on the side of the insulating material layer away from the substrate. The light-shielding layer is located on the surface of the insulating material layer away from the substrate, and one of the first insulating portions is located on the surface of one of the protrusions away from the substrate.

[0014] In one embodiment of this application, the height of the protrusion structure is greater than the thickness of the light-shielding layer.

[0015] In one embodiment of this application, the protruding structure and the insulating material layer are an integral structure; or the protruding structure and the insulating material layer are separate structures.

[0016] In one embodiment of this application, the edge of the orthogonal projection of the surface of the protrusion structure facing the substrate onto the substrate is located outside the edge of the orthogonal projection of the corresponding surface of the first insulating portion facing the substrate onto the substrate.

[0017] In one embodiment of this application, the distance between the edge of the orthographic projection of the surface of the protrusion structure facing the substrate and the edge of the orthographic projection of the corresponding surface of the first insulating portion facing the substrate is in the range of 1 μm to 5 μm.

[0018] In one embodiment of this application, the display substrate further includes a touch structure layer located between the light-emitting layer and the first insulating layer. The touch structure layer includes a touch electrode layer and an insulating protective layer covering the touch electrode layer. The insulating material layer includes the insulating protective layer.

[0019] In one embodiment of this application, the second insulating layer includes a plurality of spaced-apart color filter portions; at least some of the color filter portions cover a side surface of one of the first insulating portions and a surface away from the substrate.

[0020] In one embodiment of this application, the second insulating layer includes a red filter portion and a non-red filter portion, one of the non-red filter portions covering the side surface of one of the first insulating portions and the surface away from the substrate; the first insulating layer further includes a plurality of second insulating portions, each of the second insulating portions having a through hole, one of the through holes being filled by one of the red filter portions, the refractive index of the second insulating portion being less than the refractive index of the red filter portion, and the difference between the refractive index of the red filter portion and the refractive index of the second insulating portion being greater than the difference between the refractive index of the first insulating portion and the refractive index of the red filter portion.

[0021] In one embodiment of this application, the display substrate further includes a pixel defining layer located between the substrate and the first insulating layer. The pixel defining layer has a plurality of pixel openings, and each sub-pixel is at least partially located within one of the pixel openings. The pixel opening defines the light-emitting area. The orthographic projection of the bottom surface of each via onto the substrate covers the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of one pixel opening onto the substrate.

[0022] In one embodiment of this application, the edge of the via facing the orthogonal projection of the bottom surface of the substrate on the substrate is a first edge, and the edge of the pixel opening facing the orthogonal projection of the bottom surface of the substrate on the substrate is a second edge. The distance between the first edge of the via and the corresponding second edge of the pixel opening is less than or equal to 2 μm.

[0023] In one embodiment of this application, the display substrate further includes a pixel defining layer located between the substrate and the first insulating layer. The pixel defining layer has a plurality of pixel openings, and the sub-pixel is at least partially located within one of the pixel openings. The pixel opening defines the light-emitting area. The orthographic projection of the bottom surface of each of the first insulating portions onto the substrate covers the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of one of the pixel openings onto the substrate.

[0024] In one embodiment of this application, the edge of the first insulating portion facing the orthogonal projection of the bottom surface of the substrate on the substrate is the third edge, and the edge of the pixel opening facing the orthogonal projection of the bottom surface of the substrate on the substrate is the second edge. The distance between the third edge of the first insulating portion and the corresponding second edge of the pixel opening is in the range of 0.5μm to 2μm.

[0025] In one embodiment of this application, the side of the first insulating portion extends outward at an angle from the first insulating portion toward the substrate; the angle between the side of the first insulating portion and the surface of the substrate is in the range of 55° to 85°.

[0026] In one embodiment of this application, the light-shielding layer is located on the side of the first insulating layer away from the substrate, and the distance from the surface of the light-shielding layer facing the substrate to the substrate is greater than or equal to the distance from the surface of the first insulating portion away from the substrate to the substrate.

[0027] In one embodiment of this application, the display substrate further includes an encapsulation layer located between the light-emitting layer and the light-shielding layer.

[0028] According to a second aspect of the present application, a display device is provided, the display device including the display substrate described above.

[0029] The display substrate and display device provided in this application embodiment have the following advantages: the distance from the surface of the first insulating portion facing the substrate to the substrate is greater than the distance from the surface of the light-shielding layer facing the substrate to the substrate, and the distance from the surface of the first insulating portion away from the substrate to the substrate is greater than the distance from the surface of the light-shielding layer away from the substrate to the substrate; or, the distance from the surface of the light-shielding layer away from the substrate to the substrate is greater than the distance from the surface of the first insulating portion away from the substrate to the substrate, and the distance from the surface of the light-shielding layer facing the substrate to the substrate is greater than the distance from the surface of the first insulating portion facing the substrate to the substrate. In the step of forming the first insulating portion, the influence of the light-shielding layer on the slope angle of the side of the first insulating portion can be improved, the difference in slope angle between different areas of the side of the first insulating portion can be reduced, and the symmetry of the light brightness and the light color of the opposite two sides of the display substrate with the viewing angle can be improved, thereby improving the user experience. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a display substrate provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a display substrate provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a display substrate provided in another exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a display substrate provided in another exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a display substrate provided in another exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of a display substrate provided in another exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of a display substrate provided in another exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of a display substrate provided in another exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of a display substrate provided in another exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 10 is a partial cross-sectional view of a display substrate provided in another exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 11 is a partial cross-sectional view of a display substrate provided in another exemplary embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0041] This application provides a display substrate and a display device. The display substrate and display device of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the features in the following embodiments can complement or combine with each other.

[0042] As shown in FIG1, a display substrate includes a substrate 10', a light-emitting layer 20' on the substrate 10', a light-shielding layer 50' on the side of the light-emitting layer 20' away from the substrate 10', a first insulating layer 60', and a second insulating layer 70'. The light-shielding layer 50' has a plurality of spaced openings 51'. The light-emitting layer 20' includes a plurality of sub-pixels 21'. The first insulating layer 60' includes a plurality of insulating portions 61', each insulating portion 61' being located within an opening 51'. The second insulating layer 70' covers the side surfaces of each insulating portion 61', and the refractive index of the insulating portion 61' is greater than the refractive index of the second insulating layer 70'.

[0043] Since the refractive index of the insulating portion 61' is greater than that of the second insulating layer 70', and the second insulating layer 70' covers the side of the insulating portion 61', the non-orthogonal viewing angle light emitted by the sub-pixel 21' can be refracted on the side of the first insulating portion 71' after it is incident on the side of the first insulating portion 71', thereby changing the exit angle of this part of the light, which helps to improve the light extraction efficiency of the display substrate at the orthogonal viewing angle.

[0044] In the fabrication of the display substrate, the first insulating portion is formed using an exposure and development process. The first insulating portion is formed after the light-shielding layer and is located within an opening in the first light-shielding layer. When different regions of the first insulating portion are at different distances from the side of the opening, the rinsing intensity of the developing solution on these different regions varies, resulting in different slope angles. Due to alignment errors in the exposure process, the distances between different regions of the first insulating portion and the surface of the opening are not entirely the same, causing different slope angles on the side of the first insulating portion. When light emitted from a sub-pixel strikes the corresponding side of the first insulating portion, the degree of change in the light's exit angle varies. If the slope angles of opposite regions on the side of the first insulating portion are different, the brightness and color of the light on opposite sides of the display substrate will be asymmetrical with changing viewing angles, affecting the user experience.

[0045] This application provides a display substrate. As shown in FIG2, the display substrate includes a substrate 10, a light-emitting layer 20, a light-shielding layer 50, a first insulating layer 70, and a second insulating layer 92.

[0046] The light-emitting layer 20 is located on the substrate 10 and includes a plurality of spaced-apart sub-pixels 21. The light-shielding layer 50 is located on the side of the light-emitting layer 20 away from the substrate 10; the light-shielding layer 50 has a plurality of openings 51, and the orthographic projection of one opening 51 on the substrate 10 covers the orthographic projection of the light-emitting area of ​​one sub-pixel 21 on the substrate 10. The first insulating layer 70 is located on the side of the light-emitting layer 20 away from the substrate 10; the first insulating layer 70 includes a plurality of spaced-apart first insulating portions 71, and the orthographic projection of one first insulating portion 71 on the substrate 10 falls within the orthographic projection of one opening 51 on the substrate 10. The distance from the surface of the first insulating portion 71 facing the substrate 10 to the substrate 10 is greater than the distance from the surface of the light-shielding layer 50 facing the substrate 10 to the substrate 10, and the distance from the surface of the first insulating portion 71 away from the substrate 10 to the substrate 10 is greater than the distance from the surface of the light-shielding layer 50 away from the substrate 10 to the substrate 10; or the distance from the surface of the light-shielding layer 50 away from the substrate 10 to the substrate 10 is greater than the distance from the surface of the first insulating portion 71 away from the substrate 10 to the substrate 10, and the distance from the surface of the light-shielding layer 50 facing the substrate 10 to the substrate 10 is greater than the distance from the surface of the first insulating portion 71 facing the substrate 10 to the substrate 10. The second insulating layer 92 at least covers the side surface of the first insulating portion 71; the refractive index of the second insulating layer 92 is less than the refractive index of the first insulating portion 71.

[0047] Since the refractive index of the first insulating portion 71 is greater than that of the second insulating layer 92, and the second insulating layer 92 covers the side of the first insulating portion 71, the non-orthogonal viewing angle light emitted by the sub-pixel 21 corresponding to the first insulating portion 71 can be refracted on the side of the first insulating portion 71 after it is incident on the side of the first insulating portion 71, thereby changing the exit angle of this part of the light and improving the light emission efficiency of the display substrate at the orthogonal viewing angle.

[0048] In the display substrate provided in this application embodiment, the distance from the surface of the first insulating portion facing the substrate to the substrate is greater than the distance from the surface of the light-shielding layer facing the substrate to the substrate, and the distance from the surface of the first insulating portion away from the substrate to the substrate is greater than the distance from the surface of the light-shielding layer away from the substrate to the substrate. Alternatively, the distance from the surface of the light-shielding layer away from the substrate to the substrate is greater than the distance from the surface of the first insulating portion away from the substrate to the substrate, and the distance from the surface of the light-shielding layer facing the substrate to the substrate is greater than the distance from the surface of the first insulating portion facing the substrate to the substrate. That is, in the direction perpendicular to the stacking direction of the film layer, the first insulating portion and the light-shielding layer are completely offset, or only a portion of the thickness of the light-shielding layer is opposite to the first insulating portion. In this case, in the step of forming the first insulating portion, the influence of the slope angle of the light-shielding layer on the side of the first insulating portion can be improved, the difference in slope angle of different areas of the side of the first insulating portion can be reduced, and the symmetry of the light brightness and the light color of the opposite two sides of the display substrate with the viewing angle can be improved, thereby improving the user experience.

[0049] In one embodiment, the substrate 10 can be a flexible substrate or a rigid substrate. The flexible substrate may be made of one or more of polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, and organic resin materials, including epoxy resin, triazine, silicone resin, or polyimide. The rigid substrate includes any of the following: glass substrate, quartz substrate, sapphire substrate, etc.

[0050] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG2, the display substrate further includes a driving circuit layer 60 located between the substrate 10 and the light-emitting layer 20. The driving circuit layer 60 includes a plurality of pixel circuits, which are used to drive sub-pixels 21. The pixel circuits and sub-pixels 21 can correspond one-to-one, and each pixel circuit is used to drive the corresponding sub-pixel 21.

[0051] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG2, the pixel circuit may include a thin-film transistor 61 and a capacitor 62. The thin-film transistor 61 may include an active layer 611, a gate 612, a first electrode 613, and a second electrode 614. One of the first electrode 613 and the second electrode 614 is the source, and the other is the drain. The capacitor 62 includes opposing first plates 621 and second plates 622. The pixel circuit layer may also include multiple signal lines, such as scan signal lines, data signal lines, power signal lines, etc.

[0052] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG2, the gate 612 and the first electrode 621 of the capacitor 62 are located on the same layer, the second electrode 622 of the capacitor 62 is located on the side of the first electrode 621 away from the substrate 10, and the first electrode 613 and the second electrode 614 are located on the same layer, and the first electrode 613 is located on the side of the second electrode 622 away from the substrate 10. The driving circuit layer 60 further includes a gate insulating layer 63 located between the active layer 611 and the gate 612, a capacitor insulating layer 64 located between the gate 612 and the second electrode 622, an interlayer dielectric layer 65 located between the second electrode 622 and the first electrode 613, and a planarization layer 66 located between the first electrode 613 and the first electrode 211. The first electrode 211 is electrically connected to the second electrode 614 through a via penetrating the planarization layer 66, and the first electrode 613 and the second electrode 614 are in contact with the active layer 611 through vias penetrating the interlayer dielectric layer 65, the capacitor insulating layer 64 and the gate insulating layer 63, respectively.

[0053] In one embodiment, the light-emitting layer 20 includes at least three sub-pixels 21 with different light-emitting colors. For example, the light-emitting layer 20 may include sub-pixels with red light-emitting color, sub-pixels with green light-emitting color, and sub-pixels with blue light-emitting color.

[0054] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG2, the sub-pixel 21 includes a first electrode 211, a light-emitting material layer 212 located on the side of the first electrode 211 away from the substrate 10, and a second electrode 213 located on the side of the light-emitting material layer 212 away from the substrate 10. One of the first electrode 211 and the second electrode 213 is an anode, and the other is a cathode. The cathode may be a common electrode, and the cathodes of all sub-pixels 21 may be connected to form a surface electrode. In some embodiments, the light-emitting material layer 212 is an organic light-emitting material layer.

[0055] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG2, the light-emitting layer 20 further includes a pixel defining layer 22, which has a plurality of pixel openings 221. The pixel defining layer 22 is located on the side of the first electrode 211 away from the substrate 10. The pixel openings 221 correspond one-to-one with the sub-pixels 21, and each pixel opening 221 exposes at least a portion of the corresponding first electrode 211. The light-emitting material layer 212 of each sub-pixel 21 is at least partially located within the pixel opening 221. The second electrode 213 is at least partially located on the side of the pixel defining layer 22 away from the substrate 10. Each pixel opening 221 defines the light-emitting area of ​​the corresponding sub-pixel 21; specifically, the area defined by the pixel opening 221 facing the bottom surface of the substrate 10 is the light-emitting area of ​​the sub-pixel 21.

[0056] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG2, the side of the pixel opening 221 extends obliquely outward in the direction of the substrate 10 pointing towards the second electrode 213. The pixel defining layer 22 may be formed by an exposure and development process, resulting in the shape of the formed pixel opening 221.

[0057] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG2, the display substrate further includes an encapsulation layer 30 located between the light-emitting layer 20 and the light-shielding layer 50. The light-shielding layer 50, the first insulating layer 70, and the second insulating layer 92 are all located on the side of the encapsulation layer 30 away from the substrate 10. The encapsulation layer 30 may be a thin-film encapsulation layer, which includes alternating organic and inorganic layers, and the layer with the largest distance from the substrate 10 is an inorganic layer. For example, the thin-film encapsulation layer may include two inorganic layers and an organic layer located between the two inorganic layers.

[0058] In one embodiment, the display substrate further includes a touch structure layer 80 located between the encapsulation layer 30 and the light-shielding layer 50. As shown in FIG2, the touch structure layer 80 includes a touch electrode layer 83, a touch electrode layer 81 located on the side of the touch electrode layer 83 away from the substrate 10, an insulating layer 84 located between the touch electrode layer 83 and the touch electrode layer 81, and an insulating protective layer 82 located on the side of the touch electrode layer 81 away from the substrate 10. The insulating protective layer 82 covers the touch electrode layer 81. The touch electrode layer 81 may include a plurality of first touch electrodes, a plurality of second touch electrodes, and a plurality of first connecting portions. The touch electrode layer 83 includes a plurality of second connecting portions. Adjacent first touch electrodes can be connected through the first connecting portions, and adjacent second touch electrodes can be electrically connected through the second connecting portions. The materials of the insulating protective layer 82 and the insulating layer 84 may be organic materials, and the surface of the insulating protective layer 82 and the insulating layer 84 away from the substrate 10 has good flatness. In some embodiments, the materials of the insulating protective layer 82 and the insulating layer 84 may be organic resins.

[0059] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG2, the display substrate further includes a color filter layer 40 located on the side of the second insulating layer 92 away from the substrate 10. The color filter layer 40 includes a plurality of color filter portions 41 arranged at intervals. The color filter layer 40 includes color filter portions 41 of at least three colors. Each color filter portion 41 corresponds one-to-one with a sub-pixel 21. The orthographic projection of each color filter portion 41 on the substrate 10 covers the orthographic projection of the pixel opening 221 corresponding to the sub-pixel 21 on the substrate 10, and the color of the color filter portion 41 is the same as the emission color of the corresponding sub-pixel 21. The color filter layer 40 can filter the incident ambient light, reduce the amount of incident ambient light reflected, and reduce the loss of emitted light and improve the light output efficiency compared with the scheme of setting a polarizer. By setting the orthographic projection of each color filter 41 on the substrate 10 to cover the orthographic projection of the corresponding pixel opening 221 of the corresponding sub-pixel 21 on the substrate 10, more light emitted from the sub-pixel 21 can be incident on the corresponding color filter 41, which helps to improve the utilization rate of light.

[0060] Wherein, the orthographic projection of the color filter 41 on the substrate 10 covers the orthographic projection of the pixel opening 221 corresponding to the sub-pixel 21 on the substrate 10, meaning that the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the color filter 41 on the substrate 10 is larger than the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the corresponding pixel opening 221 on the substrate 10, or, the orthographic projection of the color filter 41 on the substrate 10 and the orthographic projection of the corresponding pixel opening 221 on the substrate 10 substantially coincide. Preferably, the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the color filter 41 on the substrate 10 is larger than the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the corresponding pixel opening 221 on the substrate 10, so that more light emitted from the sub-pixel 21 can be incident on the corresponding color filter 41.

[0061] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG2, the display substrate further includes a protective layer 93 located on the side of the color filter layer 40 away from the substrate 10. The protective layer 93 covers the side surfaces of each color filter portion 41 and the surface away from the substrate 10. The material of the protective layer 93 may be an organic resin.

[0062] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 2 to 10, the distance from the surface of the first insulating portion 71 facing the substrate 10 to the substrate 10 is greater than or equal to the distance from the surface of the light-shielding layer 50 away from the substrate 10 to the substrate 10. With this configuration, the slope angle of the side surface of the first insulating portion 71 is essentially unaffected by the light-shielding layer 50, effectively reducing the difference in slope angles between different regions of the side surface of the first insulating portion 71.

[0063] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG2, the display substrate further includes a third insulating layer 91 located on the side of the light-emitting layer 20 away from the substrate 10. The third insulating layer 91 at least fills the openings 51 of the light-shielding layer 50, and the first insulating layer 70 is located on the side of the third insulating layer 91 away from the substrate 10. By providing a third insulating layer 91 that at least fills the openings of the light-shielding layer 50, the step difference between the surface of the first insulating portion 71 facing the substrate 10 and the surface of the light-shielding layer 50 facing the substrate 10 can be increased, thereby reducing the influence of the light-shielding layer 50 on the slope angle of the side of the first insulating portion 71; at the same time, it provides a flat surface for the formation of the first insulating portion 71, which helps to improve the consistency of the slope angle of the side of the first insulating portion 71.

[0064] Further, as shown in FIG2, the third insulating layer 91 fills the opening 51 of the light-shielding layer 50 and covers the surface of the light-shielding layer 50 away from the substrate 10, and the surface of the third insulating layer 91 away from the substrate 10 is substantially flush. That is, the distance from the surface of the first insulating portion 71 facing the substrate 10 to the substrate 10 is greater than the distance from the surface of the light-shielding layer 50 away from the substrate 10 to the substrate 10.

[0065] In one embodiment, the thickness of the light-shielding layer 50 is approximately 1 μm, and the thickness of the third insulating layer 91 ranges from 1.5 μm to 3 μm. Thus, the third insulating layer 91 fills the openings 51 of the light-shielding layer 50 and covers the surface of the light-shielding layer 50 away from the substrate, ensuring that the light-shielding layer 50 does not affect the slope angle of the side surface of the first insulating portion.

[0066] In one embodiment, the third insulating layer 91 is made of an organic material. This allows the surface of the third insulating layer 91 away from the substrate 10 to be substantially flush, and when the first insulating portion 71 is formed on the surface of the third insulating layer 91 away from the substrate 10, the uniformity of the slope angle of different regions of the side of the first insulating portion 71 can be improved. In some embodiments, the third insulating layer 91 is made of an organic resin.

[0067] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the third insulating layer 91 is less than that of the first insulating portion 71. This arrangement prevents light emitted by the sub-pixel 21 from being reflected or refracted when passing through the interface between the third insulating layer 91 and the first insulating portion 71, thus avoiding affecting the light emission of the display substrate.

[0068] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG2, the third insulating layer 91 is in direct contact with the insulating protective layer 82. The refractive indices of the third insulating layer 91 and the insulating protective layer 82 may be the same, or the difference may be very small, for example, less than 0.1. This reduces the loss of light emitted by the sub-pixel at the interface between the third insulating layer 91 and the insulating protective layer 82. In some embodiments, the refractive indices of the third insulating layer 91 and the insulating protective layer 82 may both be in the range of 1.45 to 1.5. This makes the materials of the third insulating layer 91 and the insulating protective layer 82 readily available.

[0069] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the display substrate further includes a fourth insulating layer 95 located between the light-emitting layer 20 and the first insulating layer 70. The fourth insulating layer 95 includes an insulating material layer 821 and a plurality of spaced-apart protrusions 822 located on the side of the insulating material layer 821 away from the substrate 10. The light-shielding layer 50 is located on the surface of the insulating material layer 821 away from the substrate 10, and one of the first insulating portions 71 is located on the surface of one of the protrusions 822 away from the substrate 10. The first insulating portions 71 and the protrusions 822 can correspond one-to-one, with each first insulating portion 71 located on the surface of the corresponding protrusion 822 away from the substrate 10. This arrangement increases the step difference between the surface of the first insulating portion 71 facing the substrate 10 and the surface of the light-shielding layer 50 facing the substrate 10, thereby reducing the influence of the slope angle of the side of the first insulating portion 71 on the light-shielding layer 50.

[0070] Further, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the height of the protrusion structure 822 is greater than the thickness of the light-shielding layer 50. Both the height of the protrusion structure 822 and the thickness of the light-shielding layer 50 refer to dimensions in the stacking direction of the film layers. This configuration ensures that the distance from the surface of the first insulating portion 71 facing the substrate 10 to the substrate 10 is greater than the distance from the surface of the light-shielding layer 50 away from the substrate 10 to the substrate 10, effectively mitigating the influence of the slope angle of the light-shielding layer 50 on the side surface of the first insulating portion 71. In some embodiments, the thickness of the light-shielding layer 50 is approximately 1 μm, and the height of the protrusion structure 822 is greater than or equal to 1.5 μm, for example, the height range of the protrusion structure 822 is 1.5 μm to 2 μm.

[0071] In one embodiment, the insulating material layer 821 includes the insulating protective layer 82. This configuration, where the insulating protective layer 82 serves as the insulating material layer 821 of the fourth insulating layer 95, simplifies the fabrication process of the display substrate and reduces its thickness. In the embodiment shown in FIG3, the insulating material layer 821 is the insulating protective layer 82.

[0072] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG3, the protruding structure 822 and the insulating material layer 821 are an integral structure. This configuration allows the protruding structure 822 and the insulating material layer 821 to be formed simultaneously in the same process step, simplifying the fabrication process. For example, a halftone mask can be used to control the exposure levels of different areas, allowing the protruding structure 822 and the insulating material layer 821 to be formed simultaneously. In another embodiment, as shown in FIG4, the protruding structure 822 and the insulating material layer 821 are separate structures.

[0073] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the edge of the orthographic projection of the surface of the protrusion structure 822 facing the substrate 10 onto the substrate 10 is located outside the edge of the orthographic projection of the surface of the corresponding first insulating portion 71 facing the substrate 10 onto the substrate 10. This arrangement prevents some of the non-orthographic angle rays emitted by the sub-pixel 21 from being deflected on the side of the protrusion structure 822. Since the refractive index difference between the protrusion structure 822 and the second insulating layer 92 is small, the angle at which the non-orthographic angle rays are deflected on the side of the protrusion structure 822 is too small to be converted into orthographic angle rays, which is detrimental to improving the orthographic angle light output of the display substrate.

[0074] Further, as shown in Figure 3, the distance between the edge of the orthographic projection of the surface of the protruding structure 822 facing the substrate 10 and the edge of the orthographic projection of the corresponding surface of the first insulating portion 71 facing the substrate 10 is d1, and d1 ranges from 1μm to 5μm. This setting avoids d1 being too small, i.e., the protruding structure 822 extending too little beyond the corresponding first insulating portion 71, causing some non-orthographic angle light emitted by the sub-pixel 21 to be incident on the side of the protruding structure 822, which is detrimental to improving the orthographic angle light emission of the display substrate; it also avoids d1 being too large, which, given a fixed size of the display substrate, results in a smaller number of protruding structures 822, thereby reducing the density of sub-pixels on the display substrate. In some embodiments, d1 can be 1μm, 2μm, 3μm, 4μm, 5μm, etc.

[0075] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 5 to 7, the second insulating layer 92 includes a plurality of spaced-apart color filter portions 41; at least some of the color filter portions 41 cover a side surface of one of the first insulating portions 71 and a surface away from the substrate 10. That is, the color filter portions 41 are reused as the second insulating layer 92, which reduces the complexity of the film structure of the display substrate and simplifies the manufacturing process of the display substrate.

[0076] In the embodiment shown in Figure 5, the display substrate further includes a third insulating layer 91 located on the side of the light-emitting layer 20 away from the substrate 10. The third insulating layer 91 at least fills the opening 51 of the light-shielding layer 50, and the first insulating layer 70 is located on the side of the third insulating layer 91 away from the substrate 10. In the embodiments shown in Figures 6 and 7, the display substrate further includes a fourth insulating layer 95 located between the light-emitting layer 20 and the first insulating layer 70. The fourth insulating layer 95 includes an insulating material layer and a plurality of spaced-apart protrusions 822 located on the side of the insulating material layer 821 away from the substrate 10. The light-shielding layer 50 is located on the surface of the insulating material layer 821 away from the substrate 10, and each of the first insulating portions 71 is located on the surface of one of the protrusions 822 away from the substrate 10. For a description of the third and fourth insulating layers, please refer to the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0077] Furthermore, the refractive index of the first insulating portion is greater than or equal to 1.8. Since the refractive index of the color filter portion 41 is generally large, setting the refractive index of the first insulating portion to be greater than or equal to 1.8 can increase the difference in refractive index between the first insulating portion and the color filter portion, thereby improving the light extraction efficiency of the positive viewing angle light in the display substrate.

[0078] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 8 to 10, the second insulating layer 92 includes a red filter portion 411 and a non-red filter portion 412. One of the non-red filter portions 412 covers the side surface of one of the first insulating portions 71 and the surface away from the substrate 10. The first insulating layer also includes a plurality of second insulating portions 72. Each second insulating portion 72 has a through hole 721. One through hole 721 is filled by one of the red filter portions 411, that is, the red filter portion 411 is in direct contact with the side surface of the through hole 721. The refractive index of the second insulating portion 72 is less than the refractive index of the red filter portion 411, and the difference between the refractive index of the red filter portion 411 and the refractive index of the second insulating portion 72 is greater than the difference between the refractive index of the first insulating portion 71 and the refractive index of the red filter portion 411. In the color filter layer 40, the refractive index of the red filter portion 411 is about 1.7, and the refractive index of the non-red filter portion 412 (blue filter portion and green filter portion) ranges from 1.58 to 1.6. Therefore, the difference in refractive index between the first insulating portion 71 and the red filter portion 411 is smaller than the difference in refractive index between the first insulating portion 71 and the non-red filter portion 412. The light emitted by the red sub-pixel deflects at a smaller angle when passing through the interface between the first insulating portion and the red filter portion 411, resulting in a smaller amount of red light in the positive viewing angle light of the display substrate, which affects the display effect of the display substrate. In this embodiment, by filling the through-hole 721 of the second insulating part 72 with a red filter part 411, the difference between the refractive index of the red filter part 411 and the refractive index of the second insulating part 72 is greater than the difference between the refractive index of the first insulating part 71 and the refractive index of the red filter part 411. Therefore, when the light emitted by the sub-pixel 21 corresponding to the red filter part 411 is incident on the side of the through-hole 721 of the second insulating part 72, the refraction of the light by the side of the through-hole 721 of the second insulating part 72 is more conducive to converting the light into positive viewing angle light, thereby increasing the amount of red light in the positive viewing angle light in the display substrate.

[0079] Furthermore, the refractive index of the second insulating portion 72 is in the range of 1.45 to 1.5. This allows for a larger difference in refractive index between the second insulating portion 72 and the red filter portion 411, which is more conducive to converting light incident on the side of the through-hole 721 of the second insulating portion 72 into positive angle light. At the same time, the material of the second insulating portion 72 is readily available.

[0080] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 8 to 10, the side of the through-hole 721 extends obliquely outward in the direction from the substrate 10 to the protective layer 93. The second insulating portion 72 may be formed using an exposure and development process, resulting in the shape of the formed through-hole 721.

[0081] Furthermore, the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of each via 721 onto the substrate 10 overlaps the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of a pixel opening 221 onto the substrate 10. Specifically, each via 721 corresponds to a pixel opening 221, and the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of the via 721 onto the substrate 10 overlaps the orthographic projection of the corresponding pixel opening 221 onto the substrate 10. This arrangement allows more non-orthogonal viewing angle light to be converted into orthogonal viewing angle light at the side of the via 721.

[0082] Further, the edge of the through-hole 721 facing the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of the substrate 10 onto the substrate 10 is the first edge, and the edge of the pixel opening 221 facing the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of the substrate 10 onto the substrate 10 is the second edge. As shown in FIG9, the distance between the first edge of the through-hole 721 and the corresponding second edge of the pixel opening 221 is d2, where d2 is less than or equal to 2μm. This setting ensures that more non-orthogonal viewing angle light is converted into orthogonal viewing angle light at the side of the through-hole 721, while avoiding d2 being too large and affecting the pixel density of the display substrate. In some embodiments, d2 can be 0, 0.5μm, 1μm, 1.5μm, 2μm, etc.

[0083] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG11, the light-shielding layer 50 is located on the side of the first insulating layer 70 away from the substrate 10, and the distance from the surface of the light-shielding layer 50 facing the substrate 10 to the substrate 10 is greater than or equal to the distance from the surface of the first insulating portion 71 away from the substrate 10 to the substrate 10. With this configuration, the light-shielding layer 50 is formed after the first insulating portion 71, and the light-shielding layer 50 does not affect the slope angle of the side surface of the first insulating portion.

[0084] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 11, the light-shielding layer 50 is located on the side of the color filter layer 40 away from the substrate 10 and is in direct contact with the color filter layer 40. With this configuration, the distance between the light-shielding layer 50 and the surface of the display substrate away from the substrate is small, and less film layer passes before external ambient light enters the light-shielding layer 50, resulting in less reflection, which helps to improve the dark state effect of the display substrate in the non-display state.

[0085] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 2 to 11, the side of the first insulating portion 71 extends obliquely outward in the direction of the protective layer 93 pointing towards the substrate 10. The first insulating portion 71 may be formed by an exposure and development process, resulting in the shape of the formed first insulating portion 71.

[0086] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 2 to 11, the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of each first insulating portion 71 onto the substrate 10 covers the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of a pixel opening 221 onto the substrate 10. With this configuration, when light emitted from the sub-pixel 21 passes through the corresponding first insulating portion 71, more non-orthographic light rays are converted into orthographic light rays at the side of the first insulating portion 71.

[0087] Furthermore, the edge of the orthographic projection of the first insulating portion 71 onto the substrate 10 is the third edge, and the edge of the orthographic projection of the pixel opening 221 facing the bottom surface of the substrate 10 onto the substrate 10 is the second edge. As shown in FIG2, the distance between the third edge of the first insulating portion 71 and the corresponding second edge of the pixel opening 221 is d3, and the range of d3 is 0.5μm to 2μm. This setting ensures that more non-orthographic viewing angle light is converted into orthographic viewing angle light at the side of the first insulating portion 71, and also avoids d3 being set too large, which would reduce the pixel density of the display substrate. In some embodiments, d3 can be 0.5μm, 1μm, 1.5μm, 2μm, etc.

[0088] In one embodiment, the side surface of the first insulating portion 71 extends outward at an angle from the first insulating portion 71 toward the substrate 10; the angle (i.e., the slope angle) between the side surface of the first insulating portion 71 and the surface of the substrate 10 ranges from 55° to 85°. This configuration allows a significant portion of the non-positive viewing angle light incident on the side surface of the first insulating portion 71 to be converted into positive viewing angle light, effectively increasing the amount of positive viewing angle light on the display substrate. In some embodiments, the angle between the side surface of the first insulating portion 71 and the surface of the substrate 10 can be 55°, 60°, 65°, 70°, 75°, 80°, 85°, etc.

[0089] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the first insulating portion 71 is in the range of 1.7 to 1.8, and the refractive index of the second insulating layer 92 is in the range of 1.45 to 1.5. This allows for a larger difference in the refractive indices between the first insulating portion 71 and the second insulating layer 92, which is more conducive to converting light incident on the side of the first insulating portion 71 into positive angle light. At the same time, the materials of the first insulating portion 71 and the second insulating layer 92 are readily available.

[0090] In one embodiment, the thickness of the first insulating portion 71 ranges from 1.5 μm to 3 μm. This design avoids the first insulating portion 71 being too thin, resulting in less non-orthogonal viewing angle light deflected from its sides, which would be detrimental to improving the light emission efficiency of the display substrate at the orthogonal viewing angle. It also avoids the first insulating portion 71 being too thick, resulting in poor surface flatness of the second insulating layer 92, affecting the flatness of the color filter portion located on the second insulating layer 92 and thus impacting the uniformity of the emitted light. In some embodiments, the thickness of the first insulating portion 71 can be 1.5 μm, 2 μm, 2.5 μm, 3 μm, etc.

[0091] It should be noted that the film structures of the driving circuit layer 60 and the touch structure layer 80 in Figures 3 to 11 have been simplified, and only some film layers are shown. For example, the specific film structure of the driving circuit layer 60 is not shown, and only the touch electrode layer 81 and the insulating protective layer 82 are shown in the touch structure layer 80. In the embodiments shown in Figures 3 to 11, the structures of the driving circuit layer 60 and the touch structure layer 80 can be the same as those in the embodiment shown in Figure 2.

[0092] This application also provides a display device. The display device includes the display substrate described in any of the above embodiments.

[0093] In one embodiment, the display device further includes a driver and a power supply circuit, wherein the driver is used to provide a driving signal for driving the sub-pixels to emit light, and the power supply circuit is used to supply power to the display substrate.

[0094] In one embodiment, the display device further includes a housing, and the display substrate is disposed within the housing.

[0095] The display device provided in this application embodiment can be any device with display function, such as a mobile phone, tablet computer, television, laptop computer, or vehicle-mounted equipment.

[0096] It should be noted that the dimensions of layers and regions may be exaggerated in the accompanying drawings for clarity. Furthermore, it is understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being "on" another element or layer, it can be directly on the other element, or there may be intermediate layers. Additionally, it is understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being "below" another element or layer, it can be directly below the other element, or there may be more than one intermediate layer or element. Furthermore, it is also understood that when a layer or element is referred to as being "between" two layers or two elements, it can be the only layer between the two layers or two elements, or there may be more than one intermediate layer or element.

Claims

1. A display substrate, characterized in that, The display substrate includes: Substrate; A light-emitting layer is located on the substrate, and the light-emitting layer includes a plurality of sub-pixels arranged at intervals; A light-shielding layer is located on the side of the light-emitting layer away from the substrate; the light-shielding layer has multiple openings, and the orthographic projection of one of the openings on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of the light-emitting area of ​​one sub-pixel on the substrate; A first insulating layer is located on the side of the light-emitting layer away from the substrate. The first insulating layer includes a plurality of spaced-apart first insulating portions, the orthographic projection of one of the first insulating portions onto the substrate falling within the orthographic projection of one of the openings onto the substrate. The distance from the surface of the first insulating portion facing the substrate to the substrate is greater than the distance from the surface of the light-shielding layer facing the substrate to the substrate, and the distance from the surface of the first insulating portion away from the substrate to the substrate is greater than the distance from the surface of the light-shielding layer away from the substrate to the substrate; or, the distance from the surface of the light-shielding layer away from the substrate to the substrate is greater than the distance from the surface of the first insulating portion away from the substrate to the substrate, and the distance from the surface of the light-shielding layer facing the substrate to the substrate is greater than the distance from the surface of the first insulating portion facing the substrate to the substrate. The second insulating layer covers at least the side surface of the first insulating portion; the refractive index of the second insulating layer is less than the refractive index of the first insulating portion.

2. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance from the surface of the first insulating portion facing the substrate to the substrate is greater than or equal to the distance from the surface of the light-shielding layer away from the substrate to the substrate.

3. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display substrate further includes a third insulating layer located on the side of the light-emitting layer away from the substrate, the third insulating portion at least filling the opening, and the first insulating layer located on the side of the third insulating layer away from the substrate.

4. The display substrate according to claim 3, characterized in that, The refractive index of the third insulating layer is less than that of the first insulating part.

5. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display substrate further includes a fourth insulating layer located between the light-emitting layer and the first insulating layer. The fourth insulating layer includes an insulating material layer and a plurality of spaced protrusions located on the side of the insulating material layer away from the substrate. The light-shielding layer is located on the surface of the insulating material layer away from the substrate, and one of the first insulating portions is located on the surface of one of the protrusions away from the substrate.

6. The display substrate according to claim 5, characterized in that, The height of the protruding structure is greater than the thickness of the light-shielding layer.

7. The display substrate according to claim 5, characterized in that, The protruding structure and the insulating material layer are an integral structure; or the protruding structure and the insulating material layer are separate structures.

8. The display substrate according to claim 5, characterized in that, The edge of the orthogonal projection of the surface of the protrusion structure facing the substrate onto the substrate is located outside the edge of the orthogonal projection of the corresponding surface of the first insulating portion facing the substrate onto the substrate.

9. The display substrate according to claim 8, characterized in that, The distance between the edge of the orthogonal projection of the surface of the protrusion structure facing the substrate and the edge of the orthogonal projection of the corresponding surface of the first insulating portion facing the substrate is in the range of 1 μm to 5 μm.

10. The display substrate according to claim 5, characterized in that, The display substrate further includes a touch structure layer located between the light-emitting layer and the first insulating layer. The touch structure layer includes a touch electrode layer and an insulating protective layer covering the touch electrode layer. The insulating material layer includes the insulating protective layer.

11. The display substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The second insulating layer includes a plurality of spaced-apart color filters; at least some of the color filters cover a side of the first insulating layer and a surface away from the substrate.

12. The display substrate according to claim 11, characterized in that, The second insulating layer includes a red filter portion and a non-red filter portion, one of the non-red filter portions covering the side surface of one of the first insulating portions and the surface away from the substrate; the first insulating layer also includes a plurality of second insulating portions, each of the second insulating portions having a through hole, one of the through holes being filled by one of the red filter portions, the refractive index of the second insulating portion being less than the refractive index of the red filter portion, and the difference between the refractive index of the red filter portion and the refractive index of the second insulating portion being greater than the difference between the refractive index of the first insulating portion and the refractive index of the red filter portion.

13. The display substrate according to claim 12, characterized in that, The display substrate further includes a pixel defining layer located between the substrate and the first insulating layer. The pixel defining layer has a plurality of pixel openings, and each sub-pixel is at least partially located within one of the pixel openings. The pixel opening defines the light-emitting area. The orthographic projection of the bottom surface of each via onto the substrate covers the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of one pixel opening onto the substrate.

14. The display substrate according to claim 13, characterized in that, The edge of the via facing the bottom surface of the substrate as an orthogonal projection on the substrate is the first edge, and the edge of the pixel opening facing the bottom surface of the substrate as an orthogonal projection on the substrate is the second edge. The distance between the first edge of the via and the corresponding second edge of the pixel opening is less than or equal to 2 μm.

15. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display substrate further includes a pixel defining layer located between the substrate and the first insulating layer. The pixel defining layer has a plurality of pixel openings, and the sub-pixel is at least partially located within one of the pixel openings. The pixel opening defines the light-emitting area. The orthographic projection of the bottom surface of each of the first insulating portions onto the substrate covers the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of one of the pixel openings onto the substrate.

16. The display substrate according to claim 15, characterized in that, The edge of the first insulating portion facing the bottom surface of the substrate and projected onto the substrate is the third edge, and the edge of the pixel opening facing the bottom surface of the substrate and projected onto the substrate is the second edge. The distance between the third edge of the first insulating portion and the corresponding second edge of the pixel opening is in the range of 0.5μm to 2μm.

17. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the direction from the first insulating portion to the substrate, the side of the first insulating portion extends outward at an angle; the included angle between the side of the first insulating portion and the surface of the substrate is in the range of 55° to 85°.

18. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-shielding layer is located on the side of the first insulating layer away from the substrate, and the distance from the surface of the light-shielding layer facing the substrate to the substrate is greater than or equal to the distance from the surface of the first insulating portion away from the substrate to the substrate.

19. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display substrate also includes an encapsulation layer located between the light-emitting layer and the light-shielding layer.

20. A display device, characterized in that, The display device includes the display substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 19.

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