Communication method and communication apparatus

Abstract

The present application relates to a communication method and a communication apparatus. The method comprises: receiving first information, wherein the first information indicates a first position of a first terminal at a first moment; and on the basis of the first position and first channel information, determining second channel information, wherein the first channel information is channel information of the first terminal at the first moment, and the second channel information is channel information of the first terminal at a second moment; the first channel information is obtained on the basis of channel estimation of a reference signal; the first moment comes before the second moment, and the time interval between the second moment and the first moment is t1; and the time interval between two adjacent channels is t2, each of the two adjacent channels is obtained on the basis of the channel estimation of the reference signal, t1 is less than or equal to t2, and both t1 and t2 are positive numbers greater than zero.

Description

Communication methods and communication devices

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410565434.X, filed on May 8, 2024, entitled "Communication Method and Communication Device", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of communications, and in particular to communication methods, communication devices, chips, computer-readable storage media, and computer program products. Background Technology

[0003] Cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) is a vehicle-to-everything (V2X, where X can represent anything) communication technology developed based on cellular systems. It leverages and enhances current cellular network capabilities and elements to achieve low-latency and high-reliability communication between various nodes in the vehicle network, including vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P), vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), and vehicle-to-network (V2N). As cellular systems evolve from 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) to 5G, C-V2X is evolving from LTE-V2X to New Radio (NR)-V2X (NR-V2X).

[0004] 5G NR V2X supports lower transmission latency, more reliable communication, higher throughput, and a better user experience, meeting the needs of a wider range of application scenarios. Furthermore, the vehicle-to-vehicle communication technology supported by V2X can be extended to device-to-device (D2D) communication in any system. For connected vehicle services, such as L4 autonomous driving vehicle networking services and in-vehicle entertainment services, and addressing the limitations of single-vehicle perception, blind spots, and reduced perception capabilities in rain and snow in L4 autonomous driving scenarios, V2X can provide information from roadside perception devices, expanding the vehicle's perception range. Roadside perception devices, such as roadside radar or cameras, can collect information in real time and then transmit it to vehicles on the road via base stations or roadside units (RSUs), helping vehicles better perform autonomous driving.

[0005] However, the aforementioned services have high requirements for speed, latency, and reliability. Taking roadside sensing information as an example, the data size of a single frame can reach several million bits (Mbits), with corresponding transmission latency in the millisecond (ms) or tens of milliseconds. Simultaneously, each frame needs to be accurately provided to the vehicle to ensure data accuracy. The core of ensuring efficient and accurate data transmission lies in obtaining accurate channel information at the precise time of data transmission. Therefore, it is necessary to study how to obtain accurate channel information at the precise time of data transmission. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides communication methods, communication devices, chips, computer-readable storage media, and computer program products that can obtain more accurate channel information.

[0007] Firstly, embodiments of this application provide a communication method that can be applied to a communication device, such as a network-side communication device. Specifically, it may include a network-side access network device, modules (e.g., circuits, chips, or chip systems) within the access network device, or logical nodes, logical modules, or software capable of implementing all or part of the access network device's functions. Taking the application of this method to an access network device as an example, the method includes: the access network device receiving first information, the first information indicating a first position of a first terminal at a first moment; determining second channel information based on the first position and first channel information, where the first channel information is the channel information of the first terminal at the first moment, and the second channel information is the channel information of the first terminal at a second moment. The first channel information is obtained based on channel estimation using a reference signal. The time interval between the first and second moments is t1, and the time interval between two adjacent channels is t2. Each of these two adjacent channels is obtained based on channel estimation using a reference signal. t1 is less than or equal to t2, and both t1 and t2 are positive numbers greater than 0. The value of t2 is not limited. The value of t2 varies in different communication systems and can change with the evolution of communication protocols. For example, t2 can be 5ms, 10ms, 15ms, etc. t1 can be any positive number less than or equal to t2; this application does not impose any limitation. For example, t2 can be 10ms, and t1 can be 5ms. The units of t1 and t2 can be symbols, time slots, etc. For example, t2 can be p2 symbols or time slots, t1 can be p1 symbols or time slots, p2 can be a positive integer, p1 can be a positive integer, and p1 can be less than or equal to p2. The values ​​of p1 and p2 can be set or configured according to actual needs, or pre-configured; this application does not impose any limitation.

[0008] In this embodiment of the application, the access network device determines (or predicts) the second channel information based on the first location and the first channel information; compared with directly using the first channel information as the second channel information, it can obtain more accurate second channel information, that is, the channel information of the first terminal at the second time.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the access network device determines second channel information based on a first location and first channel information, including: the access network device determines the second channel information based on the first location, the first channel information, and third channel information, wherein the third channel information is the channel information of the second terminal at a first time, and the third channel information is obtained based on channel estimation of a reference signal; wherein the second location and the third location are the same, the second location is the location of the first terminal at the second time, and the third location is the location of the second terminal at the first time; or, the access network device accessed by the first terminal at the second time and the access network device accessed by the second terminal at the first time... The access network equipment is the same; or, the straight-line distance between the second and third positions is greater than or equal to the first threshold, and the straight-line distance between the second and third positions is less than or equal to the second threshold, wherein the first threshold is any one of 0.05 meters, 0.1 meters, 0.2 meters, 0.3 meters, and 0.4 meters, and the second threshold is any one of 0.5 meters, 0.6 meters, 0.7 meters, 0.75 meters, 0.8 meters, 0.9 meters, 1.0 meters, 1.2 meters, 1.6 meters, 1.8 meters, 2.0 meters, and 2.4 meters; or, the access network equipment may determine whether to use the information of the third position (third channel information) as a reference. As an example, when the normalized mean square error (NMSE) of the first and second channels is less than or equal to the variance threshold, the access network device determines to use the information of the third location (third channel information) as a reference; otherwise, it determines not to use the information of the third location as a parameter. Here, the first channel is the channel normalized as represented by the third channel information, the second channel is the channel normalized as represented by the first channel information, and the variance threshold is 0.01, 0.02, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, or other values. The variance threshold can be set or configured according to actual needs, or pre-configured, and this application does not limit it. It is noted here that the thresholds involved in this application can also be determined by the access network device itself.

[0010] The second and third positions being the same can be either both. Both the first and second thresholds can be set, configured, or pre-configured according to actual needs; this application does not impose any limitations on this. In this implementation, the access network device determines the second channel information based on the first position, the first channel information, and the third channel information. By utilizing the correlation of channel changes in the time domain and the correlation of channels of different terminals at the same position, the access network device can more accurately obtain the channel information of the first terminal at the time of data transmission.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the first information includes first geographic fingerprint information, which corresponds to a first index located in a first table. The first index indicates a first location; thus, the access network device can determine the first location based on the first index, avoiding the concealment of the true geographic location information. As an example, the first geographic indication information is the first index. As another example, the first index is a grid ID, indicating a first grid point. The first grid point corresponds to the first location, and is any one of multiple grid points obtained by dividing the coverage cell (geographic area) of the access network device into grids. Each grid point corresponds to a geographic location. As yet another example, the first index is a zone ID, indicating a second zone. The second zone corresponds to the first location, and is any one of multiple zones obtained by dividing the coverage cell of the access network device into zones. Each zone corresponds to a geographic location. Optionally, different grid points or zones do not overlap.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the first information includes first indication information, which indicates a first moment, thereby enabling the access network device to know that the first location is the location of the first terminal at the first moment.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: the access network device receiving second information or a reference signal at a first moment, the second information indicating first channel information; the access network device determining the second channel information based on the first location and the first channel information, including: when the time interval between the third moment and the first moment is less than or equal to t2, determining the second channel information based on the first location and the first channel information, the third moment being the moment when the first information is received; thus, the first information does not need to indicate the first moment, which can save overhead.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the first information further includes second indication information, which indicates the first channel information; thereby, the access network device obtains the first channel information and the first location based on the first information, which can save signaling overhead.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the first information is included in the first message, and the first message also includes a first reference signal. The first channel information is obtained based on the channel estimation of the first reference signal. This allows the access network device to obtain the first channel information and the first location based on the first message, thereby saving signaling overhead.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the first information may further include one or more of the following: identification information of the first terminal; third indication information indicating the lane in which the first terminal is located at the first moment; fourth indication information indicating the path that the first terminal will travel; or, fifth indication information indicating the speed of the first terminal at the first moment; thereby the access network device can know one or more of the first terminal's lane, the path it will travel, or its speed, and then use this information to more accurately determine the second channel information.

[0017] In one possible implementation, before the access network device receives the first information, the method further includes: the access network device sending first downlink control information (DCI) to the first terminal, the first DCI indicating the time when the first terminal reports the first information; thereby indicating the time when the first terminal reports the first information.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: the access network device sending configuration information to the first terminal, the configuration information being used to configure the first terminal to periodically report its location; thereby configuring the first terminal to periodically report its location.

[0019] In one possible implementation, determining second channel information based on a first location and first channel information includes: the access network device inputting the first location and first channel information into a first model to perform channel prediction, thereby obtaining the second channel information. The first model can be artificial intelligence (AI) for channel prediction. Considering that channel variations in time and space are not linear, using the first model for prediction can more accurately determine channel information.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: the access network device inputting the fourth location and the sixth channel information into the first model to perform channel prediction, thereby obtaining the seventh channel information; wherein, the fourth location is the location of the second terminal at the fifth time, the fifth time is before the first time, the time interval between the first time and the fifth time is t1, the sixth channel information is the channel information of the second terminal at the fifth time, the sixth channel information is obtained based on channel estimation of the reference signal, and the seventh channel information is the channel information of the second terminal at the first time; the difference between the seventh channel information and the third channel information is used as the input of the first model to update the first model; thereby improving the accuracy of the first model in predicting the channel.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: the access network device obtaining fourth channel information of the first terminal at a second time moment, the fourth channel information being obtained based on channel estimation of a reference signal; determining fifth channel information based on the second channel information and the fourth channel information, the fifth channel information being the channel information of the first terminal at the fourth time moment, the fourth time moment being after the second time moment, and the time interval between the fourth time moment and the second time moment being less than or equal to t2; thereby, the channel information of the first terminal at the fourth time moment, i.e., the fifth channel information, can be determined more accurately. The access network device determining the fifth channel information based on the second channel information and the fourth channel information can be achieved by the access network device using the difference between the second channel information and the fourth channel information as input to a first model to update the first model.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: the access network device transmitting a downlink signal to a first terminal located in a first area using first channel precoding at a first moment; and when all downlink signals transmitted to the first terminal at the first moment are successfully transmitted, transmitting a downlink signal to a third terminal located in the first area using first channel precoding at a second moment; thereby reducing the overhead of reference signal usage and allowing more resources to be used for data transmission.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: the access network device sending third information to the third terminal, the third information instructing the third terminal not to provide channel state information (CSI) feedback within a first time window; or, the third information instructing the third terminal not to transmit a reference signal within the first time window, the start time of the first time window being the time when the third terminal receives the third information, and the duration of the first time window being less than or equal to t2; this can reduce the overhead of CSI feedback or reference signal transmission. The duration of the first time window can be set according to actual needs and is not limited here. For example, the duration of the first time window can be 5ms, 10ms, etc.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the method includes: when all downlink signals sent to the first terminal at the first moment are successfully transmitted, sending third information to a third terminal located in the first area, the third information instructing the third terminal not to perform CSI feedback within the first time window, or the third information instructing the third terminal not to send reference signals within the first time window, the start time of the first time window being the time when the third terminal receives the third information, and the duration of the first time window being less than or equal to t2; thereby reducing the overhead of CSI feedback or sending reference signals.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the first terminal is a mobile device, such as a car, drone, mobile phone, tablet, or wearable device. Mobile state refers to a state where the location changes. For example, a moving car is in a mobile state. Similarly, a mobile phone or tablet in a moving car is also in a mobile state.

[0026] Secondly, this application provides another communication method that can be applied to a communication device, such as a terminal-side communication device. Specifically, it may include a terminal or a communication module within the terminal, or circuits or chips within the terminal responsible for communication functions (such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system-on-a-chip (SoC) chip containing a modem core, or a system-in-package (SIP) chip). The following example uses the method applied to a first terminal. The method includes: transmitting second information or a reference signal at a first moment, where the second information indicates first channel information, and the reference signal is used for channel estimation to obtain the first channel information, which is the channel information of the first terminal at the first moment; transmitting the first information, where the first information indicates a first position of the first terminal at the first moment, and the first position and the first channel information are used to determine second channel information, which is the channel information of the first terminal at the second moment. The second moment is after the first moment, the time interval between the second moment and the first moment is t1, the time interval between two adjacent channels is t2, each of the two adjacent channels is obtained based on channel estimation using the reference signal, t1 is less than or equal to t2, and both t1 and t2 are positive numbers greater than 0.

[0027] In this embodiment of the application, first information is sent to the access network device so that the access network device can more accurately determine the second channel information, i.e., the channel information of the first terminal at the second moment, based on the first location and the first channel information.

[0028] Thirdly, this application provides another communication method that can be applied to a communication device, such as a terminal-side communication device. Specifically, it may include a terminal or a communication module within the terminal, or a circuit or chip (such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a SoC chip, or a SIP chip, etc.) responsible for communication functions within the terminal. The following example uses the method applied to a first terminal. The method includes: generating first information indicating a first position of the first terminal at a first moment; the first information includes second indication information indicating first channel information, which is the channel information of the first terminal at the first moment, obtained based on channel estimation using a reference signal; and transmitting the first information. This facilitates the access network device in determining the channel information of the first terminal at a second moment, which is after the first moment, based on the first information.

[0029] Fourthly, this application provides another communication method that can be applied to a communication device, such as a terminal-side communication device. Specifically, it may include a terminal or a communication module within the terminal, or a circuit or chip (such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a SoC chip, or a SIP chip, etc.) responsible for communication functions within the terminal. The following example illustrates this method applied to a first terminal. The method includes: generating a first message, the first message containing first information and a first reference signal, the first information indicating a first position of the first terminal at a first moment, the first reference signal being used for channel estimation of first channel information, the first channel information being the channel information of the first terminal at the first moment; and sending the first message. This facilitates the access network device in determining the channel information of the first terminal at a second moment, which is after the first moment, based on the first message.

[0030] In one possible implementation of the second, third, or fourth aspect, the first information includes first geographic fingerprint information, which corresponds to a first index located in a first table, indicating a first location; thereby, the access network device can determine the first location based on the first index, thus avoiding the concealment of the true geographic location information.

[0031] In one possible implementation of the second, third, or fourth aspect, the first information includes first indication information, which indicates a first moment, thereby enabling the access network device to know that the first location is the location of the first terminal at the first moment.

[0032] In one possible implementation of the second, third, or fourth aspect, the first information further includes one or more of the following: identification information of the first terminal; third indication information indicating the lane in which the first terminal is located at a first moment; fourth indication information indicating the path that the first terminal will travel; or, fifth indication information indicating the speed of the first terminal at a first moment; thereby the access network device can know one or more of the first terminal's lane, the path it will travel, or its speed, and then use this information to more accurately determine the second channel information.

[0033] In one possible implementation of the second, third, or fourth aspect, the method further includes: receiving a first DCI, the first DCI indicating the time when the first terminal should report the first information; sending the first information according to the first DCI; and reporting the first information at the time when the first DCI indicates the first terminal to report the first information.

[0034] In one possible implementation of the second, third, or fourth aspect, the method further includes: receiving configuration information for configuring the first terminal to periodically report its location; periodically reporting its own location according to the configuration information; thereby periodically reporting its own location according to the configuration information.

[0035] In one possible implementation of the second, third, or fourth aspect, the method further includes: receiving fourth information, which instructs the first terminal not to perform CSI feedback or transmit a reference signal within a second time window, wherein the start time of the second time window is the moment the fourth information is received, and the duration of the second time window is any one of 5ms, 10ms, 15ms, or 20ms; thereby reducing the overhead of CSI feedback or transmission of reference signals.

[0036] In one possible implementation of the second, third, or fourth aspect, the first terminal is a terminal device in a mobile state or deployed on a terminal device in a mobile state, such as a car, drone, mobile phone, tablet computer, wearable device, etc.

[0037] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide another communication method, which can be applied to a communication device, such as a network-side communication device. Specifically, it may include network-side access network equipment, modules (e.g., circuits, chips, or chip systems) within the access network equipment, or logical nodes, logical modules, or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the access network equipment. Taking the application of this method to an access network equipment as an example, the method includes: transmitting a downlink signal to a first terminal located in a first area using first channel precoding at a first time; and, when all downlink signals transmitted to the first terminal at the first time are successfully transmitted, transmitting a downlink signal to a third terminal located in the first area using first channel precoding at a second time. The first time is before the second time, the time interval between the second time and the first time is t1, and the time interval between two adjacent channels is t2. Each of these two adjacent channels is obtained based on channel estimation of a reference signal, t1 is less than or equal to t2, and both t1 and t2 are positive numbers greater than 0. The value of t2 is not limited. This reduces the overhead of using the reference signal, allowing more resources to be used for data transmission.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: sending third information to a third terminal, the third information instructing the third terminal not to perform CSI feedback within a first time window; or, the third information instructing the third terminal not to send a reference signal within the first time window, the start time of the first time window being the time when the third terminal receives the third information, and the duration of the first time window being less than or equal to t2. This can reduce the overhead of CSI feedback or reference signal transmission. The duration of the first time window can be set according to actual needs and is not limited here. For example, the duration of the first time window can be 5ms, 10ms, 15ms, 20ms, etc.

[0039] Sixthly, embodiments of this application provide another communication method, which can be applied to a communication device, such as a network-side communication device. Specifically, it may include network-side access network equipment, modules (e.g., circuits, chips, or chip systems) within the access network equipment, or logical nodes, logical modules, or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the access network equipment. Taking the application of this method to an access network equipment as an example, the method includes: when all downlink signals sent to a first terminal located in a first area are successfully transmitted at a first moment, sending third information to a third terminal located in the first area. The third information instructs the third terminal not to perform CSI feedback within a first time window, or the third information instructs the third terminal not to send a reference signal within the first time window. The start time of the first time window is the time when the third terminal receives the third information, and the duration of the first time window is less than or equal to t2; thereby reducing the overhead of CSI feedback or sending reference signals.

[0040] In a seventh aspect, this application provides a communication device that performs the functions described in the first aspect. For example, the communication device includes modules, units, or means corresponding to the operations involved in the first aspect. These modules, units, or means can be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0041] Eighthly, this application provides a communication device that performs the functions described in the second aspect above. For example, the communication device includes modules, units, or means corresponding to the operations involved in the second aspect above. These modules, units, or means can be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0042] Ninthly, this application provides a communication device that performs the functions described in the third aspect above. For example, the communication device includes modules, units, or means corresponding to the operations involved in the third aspect above. These modules, units, or means can be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0043] In a tenth aspect, this application provides a communication device that performs the functions described in the fourth aspect above. For example, the communication device includes modules, units, or means corresponding to the operations involved in the fourth aspect above. These modules, units, or means can be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0044] Eleventhly, this application provides a communication device that performs the functions described in the fifth aspect above. For example, the communication device includes modules, units, or means corresponding to the operations involved in the fifth aspect above. These modules, units, or means can be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0045] In a twelfth aspect, this application provides a communication device that performs the functions described in the sixth aspect above. For example, the communication device includes modules, units, or means corresponding to the operations involved in the sixth aspect above. These modules, units, or means can be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0046] In a thirteenth aspect, this application provides a communication device including an interface circuit and one or more processors. The one or more processors are coupled to a memory. The memory stores part or all of a computer program or instructions necessary for implementing the functions described in the first aspect above. The one or more processors are capable of executing the computer program or instructions, such that, when executed, the methods in any possible implementation of the first aspect are implemented. The interface circuit is used to implement communication functions within the communication device and / or communication functions between the communication device and other devices or components.

[0047] In a fourteenth aspect, this application provides a communication device including an interface circuit and one or more processors. The one or more processors are coupled to a memory. The memory stores part or all of a computer program or instructions necessary for implementing the functions described in the second aspect above. The one or more processors are executable to carry out the computer program or instructions, such that, when executed, the methods in any possible implementation of the second aspect are implemented. The interface circuit is used to implement communication functions within the communication device and / or communication functions between the communication device and other devices or components.

[0048] In a fifteenth aspect, this application provides a communication device including an interface circuit and one or more processors. The one or more processors are coupled to a memory. The memory stores part or all of a computer program or instructions necessary for implementing the functions described in the third aspect above. The one or more processors are executable to carry out the computer program or instructions, such that, when executed, the methods in any possible implementation of the third aspect are implemented. The interface circuit is used to implement communication functions within the communication device and / or communication functions between the communication device and other devices or components.

[0049] In a sixteenth aspect, this application provides a communication device including an interface circuit and one or more processors. The one or more processors are coupled to a memory. The memory stores part or all of a computer program or instructions necessary for implementing the functions described in the fourth aspect above. The one or more processors are capable of executing the computer program or instructions, such that, when executed, the methods in any possible implementation of the fourth aspect are implemented. The interface circuit is used to implement communication functions within the communication device and / or communication functions between the communication device and other devices or components.

[0050] In a seventeenth aspect, this application provides a communication device including an interface circuit and one or more processors. The one or more processors are coupled to a memory. The memory stores part or all of a computer program or instructions necessary for implementing the functions described in the fifth aspect above. The one or more processors are capable of executing the computer program or instructions, such that, when executed, the methods in any possible implementation of the fifth aspect are implemented. The interface circuit is used to implement communication functions within the communication device and / or communication functions between the communication device and other devices or components.

[0051] Eighteenthly, this application provides a communication device including an interface circuit and one or more processors. The one or more processors are coupled to a memory. The memory stores part or all of the necessary computer program or instructions for implementing the functions described in the sixth aspect above. The one or more processors are executable to carry out the computer program or instructions, such that, when executed, the methods in any possible implementation of the sixth aspect are implemented. The interface circuit is used to implement communication functions within the communication device and / or communication functions between the communication device and other devices or components.

[0052] In one possible implementation of any of aspects thirteen through eighteen, the processor is used to communicate with other devices or components via the interface circuit.

[0053] In any of the possible implementations of aspects thirteen through eighteen, the communication device may further include a memory.

[0054] In one possible implementation of aspect thirteen, aspect seventeen, or aspect eighteen, the aforementioned communication device is an access network device, or a module (e.g., circuit, chip, or chip system) in the access network device, or a logical node, logical module, or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the access network device.

[0055] In one possible implementation of aspect fourteen, aspect fifteen, or aspect sixteen, the aforementioned communication device may be a terminal, or a communication module in the terminal, or a chip in the terminal responsible for communication functions such as a modem chip (also known as a baseband chip) or a SoC or SIP chip containing a modem module.

[0056] In a nineteenth aspect, this application provides a communication system, which includes the communication apparatus of the thirteenth aspect and the communication apparatus of the fourteenth aspect.

[0057] In a twentieth aspect, this application provides another communication system, which includes the communication apparatus of the thirteenth aspect and the communication apparatus of the fifteenth aspect.

[0058] In a twentieth aspect, this application provides another communication system, which includes the communication apparatus of the thirteenth aspect and the communication apparatus of the sixteenth aspect.

[0059] In a twentieth aspect, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-readable instructions that, when executed, cause the method in any of the possible implementations of the first to sixth aspects to be implemented.

[0060] In a twentieth aspect, this application provides a computer program product that, when read and executed by a computer, causes the method in any of the possible implementations of the first to sixth aspects to be implemented. Attached Figure Description

[0061] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating one possible, non-limiting system;

[0062] Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of downlink transmission using frequency point F2 and uplink transmission using frequency point F1.

[0063] Figure 3A shows a schematic diagram of the base station sending CSI-RS to the UE;

[0064] Figure 3B shows a schematic diagram of the UE feeding back channel information to the base station;

[0065] Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of both downlink and uplink transmission using the F1 frequency point;

[0066] Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of how the time delay angle varies in time and space;

[0067] Figure 6A is a schematic diagram of an AI model training method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0068] Figure 6B is a schematic diagram of an AI model inference provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0069] Figures 7 to 11 are flowcharts of the communication method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0070] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of different UEs passing through the same location according to an embodiment of this application;

[0071] Figures 13 to 15 are flowcharts of the communication method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0072] Figure 16 shows a possible exemplary block diagram of the communication device involved in the embodiments of this application;

[0073] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0074] The term "embodiment" as used herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment. Those skilled in the art will explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments. In this application, message names are used only to distinguish different messages and should not be construed as limiting. That is, any message name in this application can be understood as other names, and this application does not impose any limitations.

[0075] In the various embodiments of this application, "B corresponding to A" means that there is a correspondence between A and B, and B can be determined based on A. However, it should also be understood that determining (or generating) B based on (or on) A does not mean that B is determined (or generated) solely based on (or on) A; B can also be determined (or generated) based on (or on) A and / or other information.

[0076] In this application, the indication includes direct indication (also known as explicit indication) and implicit indication. Direct indication information A refers to information A that is included; implicit indication information A refers to information A that is indicated through the correspondence between information A and information B, and the direct indication information B. The correspondence between information A and information B can be predefined, pre-stored, pre-burned, or pre-configured.

[0077] In this application, different embodiments (or solutions) can be combined to form new embodiments (solutions).

[0078] Regarding configuration and pre-configuration: In this application, both configuration and pre-configuration can be used as indication methods. Configuration can refer to the method by which higher layers of the base station or network devices such as servers instruct the base station physical layer or terminal devices on the configuration information or values ​​of certain parameters through messages or signaling, so that the base station physical layer or terminal devices can determine the communication parameters or the resources used during transmission based on the aforementioned values ​​or configuration information. Pre-configuration is similar to configuration. Pre-configuration can refer to the method by which higher layers of the base station or network devices such as servers send parameter information or values ​​to the base station physical layer or terminal devices through communication links or carriers. Pre-configuration can also refer to the definition of corresponding parameters or parameter values ​​given in the standard, or the method by setting relevant parameters or values ​​in the terminal device in advance, such as configuring relevant parameters during factory settings. This application does not limit this.

[0079] In this application, information C is used to determine information D, including both cases where information D is determined solely based on information C and cases where it is determined based on information C and other information. Furthermore, information C can also be used to determine information D indirectly, for example, where information D is determined based on information E, and information E is determined based on information C.

[0080] In this application, "sending information" can be understood as one device sending information to another device, or it can also be understood as one logical module within a device sending information to another logical module. For example, "access network device sending information" can be understood as the access network device sending information to another device (such as a terminal), or it can be understood as logical module 1 in the access network device sending information to logical module 2 in the access network device.

[0081] In this application, "receiving information" can be understood as one device receiving information from another device, or it can also be understood as a logical module within a device receiving information from another logical module. For example, "access network device receiving information" can be understood as the access network device receiving information from another device (such as a terminal), or it can be understood as logical module 1 in the access network device receiving information from logical module 2 in the access network device.

[0082] In this application, phrases such as "sending information to... (e.g., a terminal)" or related illustrations in the accompanying drawings can be understood as indicating that the destination of the information is a terminal. This can include sending information directly or indirectly to a terminal. Similarly, phrases such as "receiving information from... (e.g., a terminal)," "receiving information from... (e.g., a terminal)," or "receiving information sent by (e.g., a terminal)," or related illustrations in the accompanying drawings, can be understood as indicating that the source of the information is a terminal. This can include receiving information directly or indirectly from a terminal. Information may undergo necessary processing between the source and destination, such as format changes, but the destination can understand the valid information from the source. Similar expressions in this application can be interpreted similarly and will not be elaborated further here.

[0083] The following describes the system involved in the embodiments of this application.

[0084] The technical solutions of this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as 5G or new radio (NR) systems, LTE systems, LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) systems, LTE time division duplex (TDD) systems, and future communication systems (e.g., sixth-generation (6G) mobile communication systems). The technical solutions provided in this application can also be applied to device-to-device (D2D) communication, V2X communication, machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), and Internet of Things (IoT) communication systems or other communication systems.

[0085] Figure 1 illustrates a possible, non-limiting system diagram. As shown in Figure 1, the communication system 10 includes a radio access network (RAN) 100. Optionally, the communication system 10 also includes a core network (CN) 200 and an Internet 300. The RAN 100 includes at least one RAN node (110a and 110b in Figure 1, collectively referred to as 110) and at least one terminal (120a-120j in Figure 1, collectively referred to as 120). The RAN node can be a radio access network device. The RAN 100 may also include other RAN nodes, such as wireless relay devices and / or wireless backhaul devices (not shown in Figure 1). The terminal 120 is wirelessly connected to the RAN node 110. The RAN node 110 is wirelessly or wired connected to the core network 200. The core network devices in the core network 200 and the RAN node 110 in the RAN 100 can be independent and different physical devices, or they can be the same physical device integrating core network logical functions and radio access network logical functions. RAN node 110 connects to the Internet 300 via wireless or wired means. Terminals can connect to each other, as can wireless access network devices, via wired or wireless means.

[0086] RAN100 can be a cellular system related to the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), such as 4G, 5G mobile communication systems, or future-oriented evolution systems (such as 6G mobile communication systems). RAN100 can also be an open RAN (O-RAN or ORAN), a cloud radio access network (CRAN), or a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system. RAN100 can also be a communication system that integrates two or more of the above systems.

[0087] RAN node 110, sometimes also referred to as access network equipment, RAN entity, or access node, constitutes part of the communication system and is used to help terminals achieve wireless access. Multiple RAN nodes 110 in communication system 10 can be of the same type or different types. In some scenarios, the roles of RAN node 110 and terminal 120 are relative. For example, network element 120i in Figure 1 can be a helicopter or drone, which can be configured as a mobile base station. For terminals 120j accessing RAN 100 through network element 120i, network element 120i is a base station; but for base station 110a, network element 120i is a terminal. RAN node 110 and terminal 120 are sometimes both referred to as communication devices. For example, network elements 110a and 110b in Figure 1 can be understood as communication devices with base station functions, and network elements 120a-120j can be understood as communication devices with terminal functions.

[0088] In one possible scenario, a RAN node can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), an access point (AP), a transmission reception point (TRP), a next-generation NodeB (gNB), a next-generation base station in a 6th-generation (6G) mobile communication system, a base station in a future mobile communication system, or an access node in a WiFi system. A RAN node can be a macro base station (as shown in Figure 1, 110a), a micro base station, a pico base station, a small cell, an indoor station (as shown in Figure 1, 110b), a relay node, a balloon station, a donor node, or a radio controller in a CRAN scenario. Optionally, a RAN node can also be a server, a wearable device, a vehicle, or an in-vehicle device. For example, the access network device in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology can be a roadside unit (RSU). All or part of the functions of the RAN node in this application can also be implemented through software functions running on hardware, or through virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform). The RAN node may also include communication modules, circuits, or chips that perform corresponding communication functions. The RAN node may also be configured with program instructions for performing these functions, as well as corresponding program instructions. The RAN node in this application may also be a logic node, logic module, or software capable of implementing all or part of the RAN node's functions.

[0089] In a distributed base station scenario, RAN nodes can be baseband units and remote radio units. In a CRAN scenario, RAN nodes can be baseband pools (BBU pools) and radio units.

[0090] In another possible scenario, multiple RAN nodes collaborate to assist the terminal in achieving wireless access, with each RAN node performing a portion of the base station's functions. For example, RAN nodes can be central units (CUs), distributed units (DUs), CU-control plane (CPs), CU-user plane (UPs), or radio units (RUs), etc. CUs and DUs can be separate entities or included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). RUs can be included in radio frequency equipment or radio frequency units, such as remote radio units (RRUs), active antenna units (AAUs), or remote radio heads (RRHs).

[0091] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, in an ORAN system, CU can also be called O-CU (open CU), DU can also be called O-DU, CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CU-UP, and RU can also be called O-RU. For ease of description, this application uses CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and RU as examples. Any of the units among CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software and hardware modules.

[0092] A terminal is a device or module that connects to the aforementioned communication system and possesses corresponding communication functions. Terminals can also be called terminal equipment, user equipment (UE), mobile station, mobile terminal, etc. Terminals can be widely used in various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IoT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grids, smart furniture, smart offices, smart wearables, intelligent transportation, and smart cities. The terminal can be an in-vehicle communication module or other embedded communication module, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a tactile terminal device, an in-vehicle terminal device, a wireless terminal in autonomous driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical care, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in a smart city, a wireless terminal in a smart home, a wearable terminal device, etc., wearable devices, vehicles, drones, helicopters, airplanes, ships, robots, robotic arms, smart home devices, transportation vehicles with wireless communication capabilities, communication modules, etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the device form of the terminal. The terminal typically contains a communication module, circuit, or chip that performs the corresponding communication function. The terminal may also be configured with program instructions for performing the corresponding communication function.

[0093] The following describes the technologies involved in the embodiments of this application.

[0094] 1. Downlink channel measurement methods under frequency division duplex (FDD)

[0095] For acquiring downlink channel quality (or downlink channel information), NR primarily employs two methods: access network equipment (e.g., base stations) transmitting channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS) to measure the channel, and terminals transmitting channel sounding reference signals (SRS) to measure the channel. The access network equipment (e.g., base stations) transmitting CSI-RS measurements is the downlink channel measurement method under FDD (Fixed-Distribution). The terminal transmitting SRS measurements is the downlink channel measurement method under Time Division Duplex (TDD).

[0096] FDD stands for Frequency Division Duplex, meaning uplink and downlink use different frequencies (or frequency points). The uplink transmission frequency (or frequency point) and the downlink frequency are on different frequency bands (or frequency zones). Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of downlink transmission using frequency point F2 and uplink transmission using frequency point F1. In Figure 2, D represents the downlink time slot and U represents the uplink time slot. Frequency points F2 and F1 are different. In other words, F2 and F1 are two different frequencies. Because the channel states are different for different frequencies in the same environment, i.e., FDD does not have uplink and downlink channel reciprocity, when the uplink and downlink transmission of a communication system uses FDD, the access network equipment obtains the downlink channel state information (CSI) by sending downlink reference signals.

[0097] When the uplink and downlink transmissions of a communication system use FDD, a channel estimation process is as follows: First, the base station sends CSI-RS to the UE using a beam with weight W1; second, the UE performs channel estimation based on the received CSI-RS and selects the optimal weight W2 based on the estimated channel; third, the UE feeds back the selected W2 to the base station; fourth, the base station sends data to the UE using weight (W1 × W2). Figure 3A shows a schematic diagram of the base station sending CSI-RS to the UE. In Figure 3A, the base station sends CSI-RS to the UE. Figure 3B shows a schematic diagram of the UE feeding back channel information to the base station. In Figure 3B, the UE feeds back channel information to the base station, which is the channel information obtained based on the channel estimation of the received CSI-RS.

[0098] 2. Downlink Channel Measurement Methods under TDD

[0099] When uplink and downlink transmissions in a communication system use TDD, the downlink channel is generally estimated based on the uplink SRS. TDD stands for Time Division Duplex, meaning uplink and downlink operate on the same frequency, as shown in Figure 4. Figure 4 illustrates a schematic diagram where both downlink and uplink transmissions use the F1 frequency. In Figure 4, D represents the downlink time slot, S represents the shared time slot, and U represents the uplink time slot. Due to the reciprocity of uplink and downlink channels, the CSI of the uplink channel can be obtained first by measuring the uplink reference signal, and then the CSI of the downlink channel can be obtained using the reciprocity of uplink and downlink channels.

[0100] When the uplink and downlink transmissions of a communication system adopt TDD, a channel estimation process is as follows: First, the UE sends an SRS (Streaming Reference Signal) to the base station. Second, the base station performs channel estimation based on the uplink SRS to obtain uplink channel information, and uses this uplink channel information as downlink channel information. Third, the base station sends data to the UE using a weight W based on the downlink channel information. Notably, if all of the UE's antennas can transmit SRS, the base station can obtain full channel information, mainly due to the reciprocity of uplink and downlink channels under TDD, i.e., the uplink and downlink channel matrices are identical.

[0101] Both FDD and TDD downlink channel measurement methods rely on reference signals for downlink channel estimation. Currently, some existing downlink transmission schemes involve the access network device (Access Network Device) first obtaining downlink channel information, which is estimated based on a reference signal. Then, based on this downlink channel information, the Access Network Device determines the transmission mode to be used when transmitting data in the future, including modulation order and code rate. Finally, the Access Network Device performs downlink transmission according to this transmission mode. However, the downlink channel information obtained from the reference signal estimation is based on the time the Access Network Device or UE sends the reference signal, not the time the downlink data is transmitted. In the above downlink transmission scheme, the time #1 when the Access Network Device or UE sends the reference signal is before the time #2 when the Access Network Device actually transmits data. If the downlink channel between the Access Network Device and the UE changes during the time interval from time #1 to time #2, the transmission mode determined based on the downlink channel information at time #1 will not match the actual channel (i.e., the channel at time #2), thus affecting the reliability of data transmission. In other words, the channel estimated based on the reference signal may be inconsistent with the channel used for transmitting data, also affecting the reliability of data transmission. Alternatively, the aforementioned downlink transmission scheme suffers from the following problem: access network equipment cannot obtain accurate channel information at the moment of data transmission in real time. For mobile vehicles, where channel changes are more rapid, this problem becomes even more severe.

[0102] To address the problem that access network devices cannot obtain accurate channel information for data transmission, this application provides a geographical location-based channel information determination (or prediction) scheme. In this scheme, access network devices can obtain accurate channel information for data transmission, enabling the adaptation of more appropriate precoding and significantly improving both the efficiency and reliability of data transmission.

[0103] The main principle of the geolocation-based channel information determination scheme provided in this application is to determine (or predict) the channel at the time of data transmission by utilizing the temporal and spatial correlation of the channel. For mobile terminals, the following description uses a vehicle as an example. Spatially, the vehicle's trajectory is predictable. The channels of different vehicles reaching the same location are correlated, so for different vehicles in the same lane, the channel of the preceding vehicle can be used as a reference for the channel information of the current vehicle at future times. Simultaneously, the distance traveled by the same vehicle in a short period is finite, and its speed is relatively constant; therefore, the channel also has a certain temporal correlation. Furthermore, the vehicle's mobility causes a Doppler frequency offset in the channel. If the vehicle's speed is known, the Doppler frequency offset of the channel can be compensated for, resulting in a more accurate channel. One way to represent the channel is by using multiple time delay angles: H = ∑f(τ) i ,θ i ,P i ), where τ i θ represents the time delay of one of the multiple paths in the channel. i P represents the angle of arrival on this path. i This represents the signal power received along this path. The channel information in the time-frequency domain can be represented by the inverse discrete fourier transform (IDFT) to obtain the time delay angle pair (domain) representation.

[0104] Figure 5 illustrates the temporal and spatial variations of delay angle pairs. As shown in Figure 5, in the time domain, UE#1's historical channel (e.g., represented by delay angle pairs) and the channel to be predicted for UE#1 are correlated. The time interval between the time corresponding to the historical channel (i.e., the time of the most recent transmission of the reference signal) and the time corresponding to the channel to be predicted (i.e., the data transmission time) is t1. Spatially, UE#1 will move to the geographical location of UE#2. The channels (e.g., in the form of delay angle pairs) of different UEs at the same location are correlated. If the access network device can determine the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of the delay angle pairs, it can determine the downlink channel between the UE and the UE based on the UE's geographical location, i.e., the channel at the data transmission time. Alternatively, based on the temporal and spatial correlation of the channels, if the access network device can obtain the spatial geographical location information of different vehicles and the temporal channel variations of the same vehicle, the access network device can predict the channel of a certain vehicle at a future time, i.e., more accurately determine the channel at the data transmission time.

[0105] Considering that channel variations in time and space are not linear, this application proposes that access network devices can employ AI models to predict the channel at the time of data transmission. The AI ​​model can be one of various models, such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), or Reinforcement Learning (RL), and this application does not limit it. To this end, the access network device needs to construct (or deploy) an AI entity (or AI model) to perform channel prediction, i.e., determine the channel at the time of data transmission. The training data used by the access network device to train this AI model can include some or all of the following: channel information of different vehicles at different locations (or geographical locations), temporally continuous channel information of the same vehicle, vector velocity information of different vehicles, trajectory information of different vehicles, lane information of different vehicles, etc. The training data used by the access network device to train this AI model can also include other data, and this application does not limit it. As an example, temporally continuous channel information of the same vehicle is: H i,t H i,t-1 H i,t-K And so on, where i represents the i-th vehicle, H i,t-K H represents the channel information obtained from channel estimation based on the reference signal at time (tK). i,t-1 H represents the channel information obtained from the channel estimation based on the reference signal at time (t-1). i,tThis represents the channel information obtained from channel estimation based on the reference signal at time t, where K is an integer greater than 0, t is an integer greater than K, and the time interval between two adjacent times (e.g., time t and (t-1)) is t1. Vehicle trajectory information can be road identification (ID) information indicating the future travel path of the vehicle, such as pattern 1 = {road1, road3, road5}, pattern 2 = {path2, path3, path5}. Vehicles can report different patterns to allow the access network equipment to obtain the vehicle's trajectory information. Vehicle speed information can be indicated using information bits; for example, within [0, 10] km / h, the vehicle uses bit 00, within [20, 20] km / h, it uses bit 01, and so on. The specific form of vehicle lane information can be that, within the coverage cell of the access network equipment, the vehicle and the access network equipment are configured with all lane (road) IDs, such as road1, road2, road3, and the UE reports the corresponding road index.

[0106] One possible implementation for the access network device to acquire the aforementioned training data is as follows: The access network device receives one or more of the following information periodically reported by different vehicles: location information (necessary), lane information, trajectory information, and vehicle speed information. The access network device and different vehicles perform channel estimation based on reference signals to obtain time-continuous channel information for different vehicles. Each channel information is obtained based on channel estimation using reference signals. For each vehicle, it needs to periodically report one or more of the following information: location information (necessary), lane information, trajectory information, and vehicle speed information. It also needs to send reference signals (e.g., SRS signals) to the access network device or estimate the channel based on reference signals from the access network device (e.g., CSI-RS) and feed back the channel information to the access network device. One possible format for the training data acquired by the access network device is [τ,θ,P](ID,x,y,t,v,Path), which includes the vehicle's ID (optional), position (x,y), speed (v), and the time-delay angle pair information of the path information (path) (i.e., [τ,θ,P]). Path refers to the lane in which the vehicle is located. As an example, the latency angle information (or channel information) can be obtained by the access network device, and the information reported by the vehicle is (ID, x, y, t, v, Path). As another example, the access network device sends reference information, such as SRS, and the channel information is obtained by the vehicle based on channel estimation of the reference signal. The information reported by the vehicle is H(ID, x, y, t, v, Path), where H represents the channel information. As an example, for training data, the network side (i.e., the access network device) can collect information from all vehicles within the cell at all times as training data.

[0107] Access network devices can train an AI model based on the acquired training data to obtain a model for channel prediction. The training data used by the access network device to train the AI ​​model can include training data corresponding to multiple vehicles. The training data for each vehicle includes channel information for that vehicle at multiple times, and one or more of the following: position information (necessary), lane information, trajectory information, and vehicle speed information for each of those multiple times. During the AI ​​model training process, the access network device uses training data corresponding to different vehicles to train the AI ​​model, and the method for training the AI ​​model using training data corresponding to different vehicles is the same. Figure 6A is a schematic diagram of AI model training provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 6A, the input of the AI ​​model includes: channel information of the first vehicle at time t; one or more of the following: position information (necessary), lane information, trajectory information, and vehicle speed information for the first vehicle at time t; and channel information of the first vehicle at time (t+1). The input shown in Figure 6A is only a training sample for the first vehicle. In actual training, the training data corresponding to the first vehicle includes multiple similar training samples.

[0108] An example of how the access network device trains an AI model using training data corresponding to the first vehicle is as follows: The channel information, location information (necessary), lane information, trajectory information, and vehicle speed information of the first vehicle at time t are input into the AI ​​model to obtain the predicted channel information #1 at time (t+1); when the difference #1 between channel information #1 and the actual channel information #0 at time (t+1) (i.e., obtained based on channel estimation from the reference signal) is greater than a preset threshold, the difference #1 is used as input to the AI ​​model to update it; the channel information, location information (necessary), lane information, trajectory information, and vehicle speed information of the first vehicle at time t are input into the AI ​​model to update it; One or more of the trajectory information and vehicle speed information are input into the AI ​​model to obtain the predicted channel information #2 at time (t+1). If the difference #2 between channel information #2 and channel information #0 is greater than a preset threshold, the difference #2 is used as input to the AI ​​model to update it. This process continues until one or more of the signal information of the first vehicle at time t, as well as position information (if necessary), lane information, trajectory information, and vehicle speed information, are input into the AI ​​model to obtain the predicted channel information #r at time (t+1). The difference #2 between channel information #r and channel information #0 is less than or equal to the preset threshold, where r is an integer greater than 1. The difference between two channel information pieces refers to the difference between these two channel information pieces. For example, difference #1 could be... Indicates channel information #1, H i,t+1This represents channel information #0. The preset threshold can be set according to actual needs and is not limited here. This example describes the process by which the access network device trains an AI model using the training data corresponding to the first vehicle at time t. The access network device can use the same method to train an AI model using the training data corresponding to the first vehicle at other times. The above method of training the AI ​​model is merely an example, and this application does not limit the method of training the AI ​​model.

[0109] After training the AI ​​model, the access network device can perform channel prediction based on the trained model and the (ID, x, y, t, v, Path) reported by the vehicle, combined with the channel information H at time t, to obtain (infer) the channel information H at the next time (i.e., time (t+1)), as shown in Figure 6B. Figure 6B is a schematic diagram of AI model inference provided by an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 6B, the access network device inputs the channel information at time t and the (ID, x, y, t, v, Path) reported by the vehicle into the trained AI model to predict the channel information of the vehicle at time (t+1). The (ID, x, y, t, v, Path) reported by the vehicle can be replaced with (ID, x, y) or (ID, x, y, t) or (ID, x, y, t, v) or (x, y, t, v, Path) or (x, y) or (x, y, t). It should be noted that the vehicle's reported location information (x, y) at time t is necessary, while other information is optional. One possible implementation of the geolocation-based channel information determination scheme provided in this application is as follows: the access network device inputs the first channel information and the first location into a trained AI model to perform channel prediction, obtaining the second channel information. The first channel information is the channel information of the first terminal (e.g., the vehicle) at the first time (e.g., time t), obtained through channel estimation based on a reference signal. The first location is the position of the first terminal at the first time. The second channel information is the channel information of the first terminal at the second time (e.g., time (t+1)). The first time is before the second time; the time interval between the second and first times is t1; the time interval between two adjacent channels is t1, t1 is less than or equal to t2, and t2 is the time interval between two adjacent channels. Each of the two adjacent channels is obtained through channel estimation based on a reference signal. It should be noted that in this application, time t has different meanings at different locations; time t and time (t+1) are only used to distinguish between two consecutive times, not to represent two specific times.

[0110] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, further illustrates the channel information determination scheme and apparatus based on geographical location provided in this application. It is understood that this application uses access network equipment and terminals as examples of the execution entities in this interactive illustration, but this application does not limit the execution entities in the interactive illustration. For example, the method executed by the access network equipment in this application can also be implemented by modules (e.g., circuits, chips, or chip systems) in the access network equipment, or by logical nodes, logical modules, or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the access network equipment; the method executed by the terminal in this application can also be implemented by the communication module in the terminal, or by circuits or chips (such as modem chips (also known as baseband chips), or SoC chips containing modem cores, or SIP chips) in the terminal responsible for communication functions.

[0111] Figure 7 is a flowchart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 7, the method includes:

[0112] 701. The first terminal sends the first message.

[0113] Accordingly, the access network device receives the first information. In this application, the first terminal can be a terminal device in a mobile state, such as a terminal or communication module in a car, drone, subway train, high-speed train, mobile phone, tablet computer, wearable device, etc., located in a moving car. A mobile state refers to a state where the location changes. For example, a moving car is in a mobile state. Similarly, a mobile phone, tablet computer, etc., in a moving car are in a mobile state. In one possible implementation, the first terminal sends the first information to the access network device, and the access network device receives the first information from the first terminal. In another possible implementation, the first terminal sends the first information to a roadside unit, which forwards the first information to the access network device. The first terminal can also use other methods to send the first information to the access network device, which is not limited in this application.

[0114] The first information indicates the first location of the first terminal at a first moment. In one possible implementation, the first information includes first geographic fingerprint information, which corresponds to a first index located in a first table, indicating the first location. As an example, the first geographic indication information is the first index. As an example, both the access network device and the first terminal are configured with a virtual map and a mapping relationship (or correspondence) between locations in the real map and locations in the virtual map. The first table is a virtual map retrieval table corresponding to the virtual map, and each index in the first table corresponds to a location in the virtual map. The first terminal maps its own real geographic location (i.e., its location in the real map) to the virtual map to obtain the first index. The location corresponding to the first index in the virtual map corresponds to the real geographic location. The access network device first determines the location corresponding to the first index in the virtual map, and then maps that location to the real map to obtain the real geographic location of the first terminal. The real map is a real map; thus, the access network device can determine the first location based on the first index, avoiding the concealment of real geographic location information. The virtual map is a non-real map. As another example, each index in the first table corresponds to a location in the real map, avoiding the direct identification of its own real location information. In another possible implementation, the first information includes the location information of the first terminal at a first moment. As an example, the first index is a grid ID, indicating a first grid point. The first grid point corresponds to a first location, and it is any one of multiple grid points obtained by dividing the coverage cell (geographic area) of the access network device into grids. Each grid point corresponds to a geographic location. As another example, the first index is a zone ID, indicating a second zone. The second zone corresponds to the first location, and it is any one of multiple zones obtained by dividing the coverage cell of the access network device into zones. Each zone corresponds to a geographic location. Optionally, different grid points or zones do not overlap.

[0115] In one possible implementation, the first information includes first indication information, which indicates a first moment, thereby enabling the access network device to know that the first location is the location of the first terminal at the first moment. As an example, the first information is (ID, x, y, t) or (x, y, t); where (x, y) represents the first location, t is the first moment, and ID is the ID of the first terminal.

[0116] In one possible implementation, the first information indicates a first location and a first channel information; thus, the access network device obtains the first channel information and the first location based on the first information, saving signaling overhead. The first information may include second indication information, which indicates the first channel information. As an example, the first information is [τ,θ,P](x,y), where [τ,θ,P] represents the first channel information and (x,y) represents the first location. As another example, the first information may also be [τ,θ,P](ID,x,y,t,v,Path), where [τ,θ,P] represents the first channel information, (x,y) represents the first location, t represents the first time, v represents the vehicle speed of the first terminal at the first time, and path can represent the lane where the first terminal is located at the first time.

[0117] In one possible implementation, the first information may also include one or more of the following: identification information of the first terminal, such as the ID of the first terminal; third indication information, indicating the lane where the first terminal is located at the first moment; fourth indication information, indicating the path the first terminal will travel; or, fifth indication information, indicating the speed of the first terminal at the first moment. Thus, the access network device can obtain one or more of the first terminal's lane, the path it will travel, or its speed, and then use this information to more accurately determine the second channel information. As an example, the third indication information is the ID of the lane where the first terminal is located at the first moment. In this example, within the coverage cell of the access network device, the vehicle and the access network device are configured with the IDs of all lanes (roads), such as road1, road2, road3, and the first terminal only needs to report the lane index. The path (or trajectory information) that the first terminal will travel is the road ID information indicating the road the first terminal will need to travel in the future. As an example, the fourth indication information is pattern 1 = {road1, road3, road5}. As an example, the first information is (ID, x, y, t, v, Path), where (x, y) represents the first position, t is the first time, ID is the ID of the first terminal, v represents the speed of the first terminal at the first time, and path represents the lane the first terminal is in at the first time. As another example, the first information is (ID, x, y, v, Path), where (x, y) represents the first position, ID is the ID of the first terminal, v represents the speed of the first terminal at the first time, and path represents the lane the first terminal is in at the first time.

[0118] In one possible implementation, the first terminal sends the first information as one or more newly added fields in the media access control (MAC) control element (CE) to the access network device during uplink transmission. The first terminal may also send the first information to the access network device in other ways, which are not limited in this application.

[0119] In one possible implementation, before sending the first information, the first terminal receives a first DCI from the access network device. The first DCI indicates the time at which the first terminal reports the first information. The access network device may send the first DCI to the first terminal to indicate the time at which the first terminal sends the first information. The first terminal sends the first information according to the first DCI. As an example, the first terminal sends the first information at the time indicated by the first DCI.

[0120] In one possible implementation, the first terminal receives configuration information from an access network device. This configuration information configures the first terminal to periodically report its location. As an example, the access network device sends a radio resource control (RRC) signaling message to the first terminal, which includes the configuration information. Based on the periodicity of this configuration information, the first terminal reports two or more of the following to the access network device: its location (if necessary), vehicle speed, lane it is in, and the path it will take. The reporting period for the first terminal's location can be 5ms, 10ms, 15ms, 20ms, 50ms, 100ms, 120ms, 150ms, 200ms, etc., and this application does not limit this. The configuration information may include a time offset, which is the time offset between the moment the first terminal receives the configuration information and the moment it first reports its location. Based on the moment the first terminal receives the configuration information and the time offset, the first terminal can determine the moment it first reports its location to the access network device. As an example, after receiving the configuration information, the first terminal, after considering the time offset included in the configuration information, begins to periodically report two or more of its own location (if necessary), vehicle speed, lane, and the route it will travel.

[0121] 702. The access network device determines the second channel information based on the first location and the first channel information.

[0122] The first channel information is the channel information of the first terminal at the first moment. This first channel information is obtained through channel estimation based on a reference signal. The second channel information is the channel information of the first terminal at the second moment. The second moment can be the moment when the access network needs to send information to the first terminal device, preceding the first moment. The time interval between the second moment and the first moment is t1. The time interval between two adjacent channels is t2, and each of these two adjacent channels is obtained through channel estimation based on a reference signal. Two adjacent channels refer to two consecutive channel estimations based on a reference signal. That is, after obtaining one of the two adjacent channels, the next channel obtained through channel estimation based on the reference signal is the other of the two adjacent channels. t1 is less than or equal to t2, and both t1 and t2 are positive numbers greater than 0, meaning that the second moment corresponding to the second channel information is located between two adjacent channel estimations. The value of t2 is not limited. The value of t2 varies in different communication systems and can change with the evolution of communication protocols. The units of t1 and t2 can be milliseconds, microseconds, symbols, time slots, etc. For example, t2 represents p2 symbols or time slots, t1 represents p1 symbols or time slots, p2 is a positive integer, p1 is a positive integer, and p1 is less than or equal to p2. The values ​​of p1 and p2 can be set, configured, or pre-configured according to actual needs; this application does not impose any limitations. For example, t2 can be 5ms, 10ms, 15ms, etc. Another example is t2 representing 1 time slot, 2 time slots, 3 time slots, etc. t1 can be any positive number less than or equal to t2; this application does not impose any limitations. For example, t2 can be 10ms, and t1 can be 5ms. As an example, t1 = t2 / 4. As another example, t1 = t2 / 3. As another example, t1 = t2 / 2. As another example, t1 = t2. The method by which the access network device obtains the first channel information is not limited. As an example, the access network device receives the SRS from the first terminal; based on the received SRS, it performs channel estimation to obtain the first channel information. As another example, the access network device sends a CSI-RS to a first terminal; the access network device receives first channel information from the first terminal, which is obtained by the first terminal through channel estimation based on the received CSI-RS. In this example, the first channel information may be reported by the first terminal via a precoding matrix indicator. As another example, the first information indicates a first location and first channel information.

[0123] One possible implementation of step 702 is as follows: The access network device inputs the first location and first channel information into the first model (i.e., the trained AI model mentioned above) to perform channel prediction and obtain the second channel information. As an example, the access network device inputs [τ,θ,P](ID,x,y) into the first model to perform channel prediction and obtain the second channel information; [τ,θ,P] represents the first channel information, (x,y) represents the first location, and ID represents the ID of the first terminal, which is optional. Another possible implementation of step 702 is as follows: The access network device inputs one or more of the lane, vehicle speed, or path the first terminal is in at the first moment, the first location, and the first channel information into the first model to perform channel prediction and obtain the second channel information. As an example, the access network device inputs [τ,θ,P](ID,x,y,t,v,Path) into the first model for channel prediction to obtain the second channel information; [τ,θ,P] represents the first channel information, (x,y) represents the first location, t represents the first time, v represents the vehicle speed of the first terminal at the first time, and path represents the lane of the first terminal at the first time. Considering that the channel changes non-linearly in time and space, using the first model prediction method can more accurately determine the channel information.

[0124] In one possible implementation, before executing step 702, the access network device performs the following operation: The access network device inputs the fourth position and the sixth channel information into the first model (i.e., the trained AI model mentioned above) to perform channel prediction and obtain the seventh channel information; wherein, the fourth position is the position of the second terminal at the fifth time, the fifth time is before the first time, the time interval between the first time and the fifth time is t1, the sixth channel information is the channel information of the second terminal at the fifth time, the sixth channel information is obtained based on the channel estimation of the reference signal, and the seventh channel information is the channel information of the second terminal at the first time; the difference between the seventh channel information and the third channel information is used as the input of the first model to update the first model, wherein, the third channel information is the channel information of the second terminal at the first time, the third channel information is obtained based on the channel estimation of the reference signal; thereby improving the accuracy of the first model in predicting the channel. Since the difference between the seventh channel information and the third channel information participates in the parameter update of the first model, the access network device inputting the first location and the first channel information into the first model for channel prediction can be understood as follows: the access network device determines the second channel information based on the first location, the first channel information, and the third channel information; wherein the second location and the third location are the same, the second location is the location of the first terminal at the second time, and the third location is the location of the second terminal at the first time; or, the access network device accessed by the first terminal at the second time is the same as the access network device accessed by the second terminal at the first time; or, the second location and the third location... The straight-line distance between the first and third positions is greater than or equal to a first threshold, and the straight-line distance between the second and third positions is less than or equal to a second threshold. The first threshold is any one of 0.05 meters, 0.1 meters, 0.2 meters, 0.3 meters, and 0.4 meters, and the second threshold is any one of 0.5 meters, 0.6 meters, 0.7 meters, 0.75 meters, 0.8 meters, 0.9 meters, 1.0 meters, 1.2 meters, 1.6 meters, 1.8 meters, 2.0 meters, and 2.4 meters. By utilizing the correlation of channel changes in the time domain and the correlation of channels between different terminals at the same location, the access network device can more accurately obtain the channel information of the first terminal at the time of data transmission. Both the first and second thresholds can be set according to actual needs, and can be configured or pre-configured; this application does not limit this.

[0125] In one possible implementation, the access network device determines the second location, i.e., the location of the first terminal at the second moment, based on the first information. As an example, the first information indicates the first location and one or more of the first terminal's speed, lane, and planned route at the first moment; the access network device determines the second location based on the first information. The access network device may also determine the location of the first terminal at the second moment through other methods, which are not limited in this application.

[0126] 703. At the second moment, the access network equipment sends downlink data to the first terminal based on the second channel information.

[0127] Accordingly, the first terminal receives downlink data from the access network device. Since it is a conventional technique in the art for the access network device to send downlink data to the terminal (e.g., the first terminal) based on downlink channel information (e.g., second channel information), it will not be described in detail here. Step 703 is optional. If the access network device does not need to send data at the second moment, step 703 need not be executed.

[0128] In this embodiment of the application, the access network device determines (or predicts) the second channel information based on the first location and the first channel information; compared with using the first channel information as the second channel information, it can obtain more accurate second channel information, that is, the channel information of the first terminal at the second time.

[0129] Figure 8 is a flowchart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. The flowchart in Figure 8 is a possible implementation of the communication method described in Figure 7. In the flowchart of Figure 8, the access network device uses a first model (e.g., an AI model) to perform channel prediction and iteratively trains the trained first model. As shown in Figure 8, the method includes:

[0130] 801. The first terminal sends the first message.

[0131] Accordingly, the access network device receives the first information. Step 801 can be referred to step 701 in Figure 7.

[0132] 802. The access network device inputs the first location and the first channel information into the first model to perform channel prediction and obtain the second channel information.

[0133] The first model is the AI ​​model trained above. In one possible implementation, the access network device inputs one or more of the following information into the first model: the lane the first terminal is in at the first moment, its speed, or the path it will travel, along with its first location and the first channel information, to perform channel prediction and obtain the second channel information.

[0134] 803. At the second moment, the access network equipment sends downlink data to the first terminal based on the second channel information.

[0135] Accordingly, the first terminal receives downlink data from the access network device. Step 803 can be referred to step 703 in Figure 7.

[0136] 804. The access network device obtains the fourth channel information of the first terminal at the second moment.

[0137] The fourth channel information is obtained based on channel estimation using a reference signal. As an example, the access network device receives an SRS from a first terminal; it performs channel estimation based on the SRS received at a second time to obtain the fourth channel information. As another example, the access network device sends a CSI-RS to the first terminal at a second time; the access network device receives the fourth channel information, which is obtained by the first terminal through channel estimation based on the received CSI-RS. Optionally, the reference signal can also be other reference signals reported by the terminal to the access network; this application does not impose any restrictions.

[0138] Steps 804 and 805 are optional.

[0139] 805. The access network device uses the difference between the second channel information and the fourth channel information as input to the first model to update the first model.

[0140] The access network device uses the difference between the second channel information and the fourth channel information as input to the first model. Updating the first model can be written as: the access network device determines the fifth channel information based on the second channel information and the fourth channel information. Alternatively, determining the fifth channel information based on the second channel information and the fourth channel information can be: the access network device uses the difference between the second channel information and the fourth channel information as input to the first model and updates the first model. In one possible implementation, the first model includes two input interfaces: one input interface for inputting the terminal's location and channel information, such as a first location and first channel information; and the other input interface for inputting the difference between the predicted channel information (e.g., the second channel information) and the actual channel information (i.e., channel estimation based on a reference signal).

[0141] In this embodiment, the first location and first channel information are input into the first model to perform channel prediction, thereby obtaining the second channel information; this allows for more accurate determination of the channel information. Furthermore, using the difference between the second and fourth channel information as input to the first model to update it further improves the accuracy of the first model's channel prediction.

[0142] Figure 9 is a flowchart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. The flowchart in Figure 9 is a possible implementation of the communication method described in Figure 7. In the flowchart of Figure 9, when the time interval between the moment when the access network device receives the first information and the first moment is less than or equal to t2, it determines the second channel information based on the first location and the first channel information; thus, the first information does not necessarily indicate the moment corresponding to the first location. As shown in Figure 9, the method includes:

[0143] 901. The first terminal sends the second information to the access network equipment at the first moment.

[0144] Correspondingly, the access network device receives second information from the first terminal at a first moment. The second information indicates the first channel information. Before sending the second information, the first terminal may receive a reference signal (e.g., CSI-RS) from the access network device and perform channel estimation based on the received reference signal to obtain the first channel information. As an example, the access network device periodically sends a reference signal (e.g., CSI-RS) to the first terminal; the first terminal performs channel estimation based on the received reference signal and reports the obtained channel information (e.g., the second information) to the access network device. Step 901 can be replaced by: the first terminal sending a reference signal (e.g., an SRS) to the access network device at a first moment; the access network device performing channel estimation based on the received reference information to obtain the first channel information. The first moment can be any moment when the access network device receives channel information or sends a reference signal. The purpose of step 901 is to enable the access network device to obtain the first channel information. The access network device may also obtain the first channel information through other means, which are not limited in this application.

[0145] 902. The first terminal sends the first message.

[0146] Accordingly, the access network device receives the first information. Step 902 can be referred to step 701 in Figure 7. The first information and the second information are sent through different messages.

[0147] 903. When the time interval between the third time and the first time is less than or equal to t2, the access network device determines the second channel information based on the first location and the first channel information.

[0148] The third moment is the moment when the first information is received. The access network device determines the second channel information based on the first location and the first channel information, as shown in step 702 of Figure 7. If the time interval between the third moment and the first moment is greater than t2, the access network device discards the first information or treats the first information as invalid information.

[0149] 904. At the second moment, the access network equipment sends downlink data to the first terminal based on the second channel information.

[0150] Accordingly, the first terminal receives downlink data from the access network equipment. Step 904 is optional.

[0151] 905. The access network device obtains the fourth channel information of the first terminal at the second moment.

[0152] The fourth channel information is obtained based on channel estimation of the reference signal. Step 905 can be referred to step 804 in Figure 8. Steps 905 to 906 are optional.

[0153] 906. The access network equipment determines the fifth channel information based on the second channel information and the fourth channel information.

[0154] Step 906 can be referred to step 805 in Figure 8. Step 906 may be: the access network device uses the difference between the second channel information and the fourth channel information as input to the first model to update the first model.

[0155] In this embodiment of the application, when the time interval between the third time and the first time is less than or equal to t2, the access network device determines the second channel information based on the first position and the first channel information; thus, the first information does not need to indicate the time corresponding to the first position.

[0156] Figure 10 is a flowchart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. The flowchart in Figure 10 is a possible implementation of the communication method described in Figure 7. In the flowchart of Figure 10, the first terminal sends a first message to the access network device, the first message containing first information and a first reference signal; thereby saving signaling overhead. As shown in Figure 10, the method includes:

[0157] 1001. The first terminal sends the first message.

[0158] Accordingly, the access network device receives the first message. The first message contains first information and a first reference signal. The first information indicates a first position. The first position is the first position of the first terminal at a first moment.

[0159] In one possible implementation, the first information includes first indication information, which indicates a first moment, thereby enabling the access network device to know that the first location is the location of the first terminal at the first moment. As an example, the first information is (ID, x, y, t) or (x, y, t); where (x, y) represents the first location, t is the first moment, and ID is the ID of the first terminal.

[0160] In one possible implementation, the first information may further include one or more of the following: identification information of the first terminal, such as the ID of the first terminal; third indication information, which indicates the lane in which the first terminal is located at the first moment; fourth indication information, which indicates the path that the first terminal will travel; or, fifth indication information, which indicates the speed of the first terminal at the first moment; thereby the access network device can know one or more of the first terminal's lane, the path it will travel, or its speed, and then use this information to more accurately determine the second channel information.

[0161] 1002. The access network equipment performs channel estimation based on the received first reference signal to obtain the first channel information.

[0162] 1003. The access network device inputs the first location and the first channel information into the first model to perform channel prediction and obtain the second channel information.

[0163] Step 1003 can be referred to step 802 in Figure 8. The access network device can obtain the first information based on the first message, and then obtain the first location.

[0164] 1004. At the second moment, the access network equipment sends downlink data to the first terminal based on the second channel information.

[0165] Accordingly, the first terminal receives downlink data from the access network device. Step 1004 can be referred to as step 703 in Figure 7. Step 1004 is optional.

[0166] 1005. The access network device obtains the fourth channel information of the first terminal at the second moment.

[0167] The fourth channel information is obtained based on channel estimation of the reference signal. Step 1005 can be referred to step 804 in Figure 8.

[0168] 1006. The access network device uses the difference between the second channel information and the fourth channel information as input to the first model to update the first model.

[0169] Step 1006 can be referred to step 805 in Figure 8. Steps 1005 and 1006 are optional.

[0170] In this embodiment of the application, the first terminal sends a first message to the access network device, the first message containing first information and a first reference signal; this enables the access network device to obtain first channel information and a first location based on the first message, thereby saving signaling overhead.

[0171] Figure 11 is a flowchart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. The flowchart in Figure 11 is based on the flowchart in Figure 7, but adds an operation to reduce the overhead of the reference signal. The flowchart in Figure 11 is merely an example; those skilled in the art can combine the added operation with any of the flowcharts in Figures 8 to 10 in a similar manner. As shown in Figure 11, the method includes:

[0172] 1101. The access network equipment uses the first channel precoding to send downlink signals to the first terminal located in the first area at the first moment.

[0173] The first channel precoding can be determined by the access network device based on channel information #1. Channel information #1 can be the channel information of the first terminal at the fifth time. The fifth time is before the first time. The time interval between the first time and the fifth time is t1. As an example, channel information #1 is obtained based on channel estimation of the reference signal transmitted at the fifth time. As another example, channel information #1 is obtained by the access network device inputting the fifth position and channel information #2 to perform channel prediction, where the fifth position is the position of the first terminal at the fifth time, and channel information #2 is obtained based on channel estimation of the reference signal transmitted at the fifth time. This application does not limit the method by which the access network device determines the method of transmitting downlink signals to the first terminal using the first channel precoding at the first time.

[0174] 1102. The first terminal sends the first message.

[0175] Accordingly, the access network device receives the first information. The order of steps 1101 and 1102 is not limited.

[0176] 1103. The access network device determines the second channel information based on the first location and the first channel information.

[0177] Step 1103 can be referred to step 702 in Figure 7.

[0178] 1104. At the second moment, the access network equipment sends downlink data to the first terminal based on the second channel information.

[0179] Correspondingly, the first terminal receives downlink data from the access network equipment.

[0180] 1105. When the downlink signals sent by the access network equipment to the first terminal at the first moment are all successfully transmitted, the downlink signals are sent to the third terminal located in the first area at the second moment using the first channel precoding.

[0181] In one possible implementation, the access network device determines that the third terminal is located in the first area at a second moment based on the location, vehicle speed, lane, and planned route reported by the third terminal. As an example, the third terminal sends information #1 to the access network device, indicating the third terminal's location at the first moment and one or more of its speed, lane, and planned route at that moment; the access network device determines that the third terminal is located in the first area at the second moment based on this information #1. The access network device may also determine that the third terminal is located in the first area at the second moment through other methods, which are not limited in this application.

[0182] In some scenarios, multiple vehicles pass through the same geographical location, such as multiple vehicles traveling on the same road. If downlink data transmission at a certain location occurs without errors at different times (i.e., no retransmission is triggered or all downlink signals are successfully transmitted), it indicates that the channel precoding at that location is relatively accurate, or the channel quality at that location is relatively good. Considering that the needs of different vehicles for sensing service transmission are basically the same, other vehicles at the same location should not experience errors according to the current precoding, so the reference signal for that location does not need to be transmitted. In other words, when the downlink signals sent by the access network device to the terminal located at a certain location are all successfully transmitted (within a certain period of time, which can be configured), a location-based precoding scheme is adopted, that is, the precoding used for downlink transmission to the terminal located at that location remains unchanged for a certain period of time. As shown in Figure 12, if UE#2 transmits downlink data in the first area at time T without any data transmission errors, then when UE#1 is in the first area at time (T+1), the precoding of UE#2 at time T is adopted, and neither UE#1 nor the access network device needs to send a reference signal to measure the channel in the first area. The first area can be the location of UE#2 at time T. The first region can be a region where downlink data transmission for different vehicles at different times has not encountered any errors. Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of different UEs passing through the same location according to an embodiment of this application.

[0183] In one possible implementation, if the access network device determines that the transmissions of different vehicles in the same geographical location (e.g., a first area) within a certain time window have all proceeded without error (i.e., no retransmissions were triggered or all downlink signals were successfully transmitted), then the access network device instructs subsequent vehicles in that location to use the same precoding. The size of this time window can be configured or pre-configured. An example of step 1105 is: when the access network device determines that the transmissions of all vehicles (including the first terminal) located in the first area within a certain time window have all proceeded without error, it instructs subsequent vehicles (including the second terminal) located in the first area to use the same precoding.

[0184] 1106. Access network equipment sends third information to a third terminal.

[0185] Correspondingly, the third terminal receives third information from the access network device. This third information instructs the third terminal not to provide CSI feedback within the first time window. For example, if the access network device uses FDD for downlink transmission, the third information instructs the third terminal not to provide CSI feedback within the first time window. Alternatively, the third information instructs the third terminal not to send a reference signal within the first time window. For example, if the access network device uses TDD for downlink transmission, the third information instructs the third terminal not to send an SRS within the first time window. The start time of the first time window can be the time when the third terminal receives the third information. In one possible implementation, the duration of the first time window is less than or equal to t2. The duration of the first time window can be set according to actual needs and is not limited here. For example, the duration of the first time window can be 5ms, 10ms, etc. In another possible implementation, the duration of the first time window is greater than t2, for example, the first time window can be 2*t2, 4*t2, 5*t2, or 10*t2, etc. In response to the third information, the third terminal does not provide CSI feedback or send a reference signal within the first time window, thereby reducing the overhead of providing CSI feedback or sending a reference signal. Step 1106 is optional. In one possible implementation, the access network device does not send a reference signal to the third terminal within the first time window.

[0186] In this embodiment of the application, when all downlink signals sent to the first terminal at the first moment are successfully transmitted, the downlink signals are sent to the third terminal located in the first area at the second moment using the first channel precoding; thereby reducing the overhead of the reference signal usage and allowing more resources to be used for data transmission.

[0187] Figure 13 is a flowchart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. The flowchart in Figure 13 is based on the flowchart in Figure 7, but adds an operation to reduce the overhead of the reference signal. The flowchart in Figure 13 is merely an example; those skilled in the art can combine the added operation with any of the flowcharts in Figures 8 to 10 in a similar manner. As shown in Figure 13, the method includes:

[0188] 1301. The access network equipment sends a downlink signal to the first terminal located in the first area at the first moment.

[0189] 1302. The first terminal sends the first message.

[0190] Accordingly, the access network device receives the first information.

[0191] 1303. The access network device determines the second channel information based on the first location and the first channel information.

[0192] Step 1303 can be referred to step 702 in Figure 7.

[0193] 1304. At the second moment, the access network equipment sends downlink data to the first terminal based on the second channel information.

[0194] Correspondingly, the first terminal receives downlink data from the access network equipment.

[0195] 1305. When the access network device successfully sends downlink signals to the first terminal located in the first area at the first moment, it sends third information to the third terminal located in the first area.

[0196] Correspondingly, the third terminal receives third information from the access network device. This third information instructs the third terminal not to provide CSI feedback within the first time window. For example, if the access network device uses FDD for downlink transmission, the third information instructs the third terminal not to provide CSI feedback within the first time window. Alternatively, the third information instructs the third terminal not to send a reference signal within the first time window. For example, if the access network device uses TDD for downlink transmission, the third information instructs the third terminal not to send an SRS within the first time window. The start time of the first time window can be the time when the third terminal receives the third information. In one possible implementation, the duration of the first time window is less than or equal to t2. The duration of the first time window can be set according to actual needs and is not limited here. For example, the duration of the first time window can be 5ms, 10ms, etc. In another possible implementation, the duration of the first time window is greater than t2, for example, the first time window can be 2*t2, 4*t2, 5*t2, or 10*t2, etc. In response to the third information, the third terminal does not provide CSI feedback or send a reference signal within the first time window, thereby reducing the overhead of providing CSI feedback or sending a reference signal. In one possible implementation, the access network device does not send a reference signal to the third terminal within the first time window.

[0197] In one possible implementation, if the access network device determines that the transmissions of different vehicles in the same geographical location (e.g., a first area) within a certain time window have all proceeded without error (i.e., no retransmissions were triggered or all downlink signals were successfully sent), then the access network device instructs subsequent vehicles in that location not to send SRS. The size of this time window can be configured or pre-configured. An example of step 1305 is: when the access network device determines that the transmissions of all vehicles (including the first terminal) located in the first area have all proceeded without error within a certain time window, it instructs subsequent vehicles in the first area to send third information to terminals (e.g., a third terminal) located in the first area.

[0198] Step 1305 can be replaced by: when the access network device successfully sends downlink signals to all terminals (including the first terminal) located in the first area within the third time window, it sends third information to the third terminal located in the first area. The duration of the third time window can be any one of 20ms, 50ms, 100ms, 200ms, and 500ms, and the start time of the first time window is the end time of the third time window.

[0199] In this embodiment of the application, when the downlink signals sent by the access network device to the first terminal located in the first area are successfully transmitted at the first moment, the third information is sent to the third terminal located in the first area; thereby reducing the overhead of feedback CSI or sending reference signals.

[0200] Figure 14 is a flowchart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. The flowchart in Figure 14 is a design for reducing reference signal overhead based on channel similarity of the same geographical location. As shown in Figure 14, the method includes:

[0201] 1401. The access network equipment uses the first channel precoding to send downlink signals to the first terminal located in the first area at the first moment.

[0202] Correspondingly, the first terminal receives the downlink signal sent by the access network equipment at the first moment.

[0203] 1402. When the downlink signals sent by the access network equipment to the first terminal at the first moment are all successfully transmitted, the downlink signals are sent to the third terminal located in the first area at the second moment using the first channel precoding.

[0204] In this context, the first time point is before the second time point, the time interval between the second time point and the first time point is t1, and the time interval between two adjacent channels is t2. Each of these two adjacent channels is obtained based on channel estimation of the reference signal. t1 is less than or equal to t2, and both t1 and t2 are positive numbers greater than 0. The value of t2 is not limited.

[0205] Step 1402 can be replaced by: when the access network device successfully sends downlink signals to all terminals (including the first terminal) located in the first area using the first channel precoding within the third time window, it sends downlink signals to the third terminal located in the first area using the first channel precoding at the second time. The duration of the third time window can be any one of 20ms, 50ms, 100ms, 200ms, and 500ms, and the time interval between the second time and the end time of the third time window is less than or equal to t2.

[0206] 1403. Access network equipment sends third information to a third terminal.

[0207] Accordingly, the third terminal receives third information from the access network device. Step 1403 can be referred to step 1106 in Figure 11. Step 1403 is optional. The third information instructs the third terminal not to provide CSI feedback within the first time window. Alternatively, the third information instructs the third terminal not to send a reference signal within the first time window.

[0208] In this embodiment of the application, when the downlink signals sent by the access network device to the first terminal at the first moment are all successfully transmitted, the downlink signals are sent to the third terminal located in the first area at the second moment using the first channel precoding; thereby, the overhead of the reference signal usage can be reduced, so that more resources can be used for data transmission.

[0209] Figure 15 is a flowchart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. The flowchart in Figure 15 shows another design for reducing reference signal overhead based on channel similarity of the same geographical location. As shown in Figure 15, the method includes:

[0210] 1501. The access network equipment sends a downlink signal to the first terminal located in the first area at the first moment.

[0211] Correspondingly, the first terminal receives the downlink signal sent by the access network equipment at the first moment.

[0212] 1502. When the access network device successfully sends downlink signals to the first terminal located in the first area at the first moment, it sends third information to the third terminal located in the first area.

[0213] Step 1502 can be referred to step 1305 in Figure 13.

[0214] In this embodiment of the application, when the downlink signals sent by the access network device to the first terminal located in the first area are successfully transmitted at the first moment, the third information is sent to the third terminal located in the first area; thereby reducing the overhead of feedback CSI or sending reference signals.

[0215] Figure 16 illustrates a possible exemplary block diagram of the communication device involved in the embodiments of this application. As shown in Figure 16, the communication device 1600 may include modules or units for implementing the methods described above. In one possible design, the communication device 1600 includes a processing unit 1602 and a communication unit 1603. Optionally, the communication device 1600 may further include a storage unit 1601 for storing device program code and / or data.

[0216] The communication device 1600 can be a network-side device in the above embodiments, such as an access network device or a communication module in the access network device, or a circuit or chip in the access network device responsible for communication functions.

[0217] For example, in one embodiment, the processing unit 1602 is configured to: determine second channel information based on a first position and first channel information, wherein the first position is the position of the first terminal at a first time, the first channel information is the channel information of the first terminal at the first time, the second channel information is the channel information of the first terminal at a second time, the first channel information is obtained by channel estimation based on a reference signal, the first time is before the second time, the time interval between the second time and the first time is t1, the time interval between two adjacent channels is t2, each of the two adjacent channels is obtained by channel estimation based on a reference signal, t1 is less than or equal to t2, and t1 and t2 are both positive numbers greater than 0.

[0218] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 1602 is specifically configured to: determine second channel information based on a first location, first channel information, and third channel information, wherein the third channel information is the channel information of the second terminal at a first moment, and the third channel information is obtained based on channel estimation of a reference signal; wherein the second location and the third location are the same, the second location is the location of the first terminal at the second moment, and the third location is the location of the second terminal at the first moment; or, the access network device accessed by the first terminal at the second moment is the same as the access network device accessed by the second terminal at the first moment; or, the straight-line distance between the second location and the third location is greater than or equal to a first threshold, and the straight-line distance between the second location and the third location is less than or equal to a second threshold, wherein the first threshold is any one of 0.05 m, 0.1 m, 0.2 m, 0.3 m, and 0.4 m, and the second threshold is any one of 0.5 m, 0.6 m, 0.7 m, 0.75 m, 0.8 m, 0.9 m, 1.0 m, 1.2 m, 1.6 m, 1.8 m, 2.0 m, and 2.4 m.

[0219] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 1602 is specifically used to: determine the second channel information based on the first position and the first channel information when the time interval between the third time and the first time is less than or equal to t2, and the third time is the time when the first information is received.

[0220] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 1602 is specifically used to: input the first position and the first channel information into the first model to perform channel prediction, and obtain the second channel information.

[0221] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 1602 is further configured to: input the fourth position and the sixth channel information into the first model to perform channel prediction, thereby obtaining the seventh channel information; wherein, the fourth position is the position of the second terminal at the fifth time, the fifth time is before the first time, the time interval between the first time and the fifth time is t1, the sixth channel information is the channel information of the second terminal at the fifth time, the sixth channel information is obtained based on channel estimation of the reference signal, and the seventh channel information is the channel information of the second terminal at the first time; and use the difference between the seventh channel information and the third channel information as input to the first model to update the first model.

[0222] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 1602 is further configured to: obtain fourth channel information of the first terminal at a second time moment, the fourth channel information being obtained based on channel estimation of a reference signal; and determine fifth channel information based on the second channel information and the fourth channel information, the fifth channel information being the channel information of the first terminal at the fourth time moment, the fourth time moment being after the second time moment, and the time interval between the fourth time moment and the second time moment being less than or equal to t2. Alternatively, in one possible implementation, the processing unit 1602 is further configured to: use the difference between the second channel information and the fourth channel information as input to the first model, and update the first model.

[0223] For example, in one embodiment, the communication unit 1603 is used to: receive first information, the first information indicating the first position of the first terminal at a first moment.

[0224] In one possible implementation, the communication unit 1603 is further configured to: receive second information or a reference signal at a first moment, wherein the second information indicates the first channel information.

[0225] In one possible implementation, the communication unit 1603 is further configured to: send a first DCI to the first terminal, wherein the first DCI indicates the time when the first terminal reports the first information.

[0226] In one possible implementation, the communication unit 1603 is further configured to: send configuration information to the first terminal, the configuration information being configured for the first terminal to periodically report its location.

[0227] In one possible implementation, the communication unit 1603 is further configured to: transmit downlink signals to a first terminal located in a first area using first channel precoding at a first moment; and when all downlink signals transmitted to the first terminal at the first moment are successfully transmitted, transmit downlink signals to a third terminal located in the first area using first channel precoding at a second moment.

[0228] In one possible implementation, the communication unit 1603 is further configured to: send third information to the third terminal, the third information instructing the third terminal not to provide CSI feedback within a first time window; or, the third information instructing the third terminal not to send a reference signal within a first time window, the start time of the first time window being the time when the third terminal receives the third information, and the duration of the first time window being less than or equal to t2.

[0229] In one possible implementation, the communication unit 1603 is further configured to: when all downlink signals sent to the first terminal at the first moment are successfully transmitted, send third information to the third terminal located in the first area, the third information instructing the third terminal not to perform CSI feedback within the first time window, or, the third information instructing the third terminal not to send reference signals within the first time window, the start time of the first time window being the time when the third terminal receives the third information, and the duration of the first time window being less than or equal to t2.

[0230] For example, in one embodiment, the processing unit 1602 is used to generate a downlink signal.

[0231] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 1602 is further configured to: generate third information, the third information instructing the third terminal not to perform CSI feedback within a first time window; or, the third information instructing the third terminal not to send a reference signal within a first time window, the start time of the first time window being the time when the third terminal receives the third information, and the duration of the first time window being less than or equal to t2.

[0232] In one possible implementation, the communication unit 1603 is configured to: transmit a downlink signal to a first terminal located in a first area using a first channel precoding at a first time; and when all downlink signals transmitted to the first terminal at the first time are successfully transmitted, transmit a downlink signal to a third terminal located in the first area using the first channel precoding at a second time, wherein the first time is before the second time, the time interval between the second time and the first time is t1, the time interval between two adjacent channels is t2, each of the two adjacent channels is obtained based on channel estimation of a reference signal, t1 is less than or equal to t2, and t1 and t2 are both positive numbers greater than 0.

[0233] In one possible implementation, the communication unit 1603 is also used to send third information to a third terminal.

[0234] In one possible implementation, the communication unit 1603 is further configured to: send third information to a third terminal located in the first area when all downlink signals sent to the first terminal in the first area are successfully transmitted at the first moment.

[0235] The communication device 1600 can be a terminal-side device as described in the above embodiments, such as a terminal or a communication module in a terminal, or a circuit or chip in a terminal that is responsible for communication functions.

[0236] For example, in one embodiment, the processing unit 1602 is configured to: generate first information, the first information indicating the first position of the first terminal at a first moment.

[0237] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 1602 is further configured to: generate second information or a reference signal, the second information indicating first channel information, the reference signal being used for channel estimation to obtain the first channel information, the first channel information being the channel information of the first terminal at a first moment.

[0238] In one possible implementation, the communication unit 1603 is used to: send second information or a reference signal to the access network device at a first moment.

[0239] In one possible implementation, the communication unit 1603 is also used to: send first information.

[0240] For example, in one embodiment, the processing unit 1602 is configured to: generate first information indicating a first position of a first terminal at a first moment, the first information including second indication information indicating first channel information, the first channel information being the channel information of the first terminal at the first moment, the first channel information being obtained based on channel estimation of a reference signal.

[0241] For example, in one embodiment, the processing unit 1602 is configured to: generate a first message, the first message including first information and a first reference signal, the first information indicating a first position of a first terminal at a first time, the first reference signal being used for channel estimation of first channel information, the first channel information being the channel information of the first terminal at the first time.

[0242] In one possible implementation, the communication unit 1603 is also used to: send a first message.

[0243] In one possible implementation, the communication unit 1603 is further configured to: receive a first DCI, the first DCI indicating the time when the first terminal reports the first information; and send the first information to the access network device according to the first DCI.

[0244] In one possible implementation, the communication unit 1603 is further configured to: receive configuration information for configuring the first terminal to periodically report its location; and periodically report the location of the first terminal according to the configuration information.

[0245] In one possible implementation, the communication unit 1603 is further configured to: receive fourth information, which instructs the first terminal not to perform CSI feedback or send a reference signal within a second time window, wherein the start time of the second time window is the moment of receiving the fourth information, and the duration of the second time window is any one of 5ms, 10ms, 15ms, or 20ms.

[0246] In one possible design, when the communication device 1600 is a terminal or a communication module within a terminal, the function of the processing unit 1602 can be implemented by one or more processors. Specifically, the processor may include a modem chip, or a system-on-a-chip (SoC) or SIP chip containing a modem core. The function of the communication unit 1603 can be implemented by transceiver circuitry.

[0247] In one possible design, when the communication device 1600 is a circuit or chip in a terminal responsible for communication functions, such as a modem chip or a system-on-a-chip (SoC) or SIP chip containing a modem core, the function of the processing unit 1602 can be implemented by a circuit system in the aforementioned chip that includes one or more processors or processor cores. The function of the communication unit 1603 can be implemented by an interface circuit or data transceiver circuit on the aforementioned chip.

[0248] It is understood that the division of units in the above-described device is merely a logical functional division. One function can correspond to one functional unit, or two or more functions can be integrated into one functional unit. In actual implementation, all or some units can be integrated onto a single physical entity, or distributed across different physical entities. Furthermore, the aforementioned functional units can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both. Whether a function is executed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for specific applications, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0249] In one example, the functional unit in any of the above devices may be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above methods, such as: one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or one or more central processing units (CPUs), one or more microcontroller units (MCUs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), or one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or a combination of at least two of these integrated circuit forms.

[0250] The communication device involved in this application can be the device shown in Figure 17 below, which can be a chip system. Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of a device provided by an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 17, the device includes: a processor, a memory (optional), a transceiver (optional), and an antenna (optional). The chip system can be composed of chips or may include chips and other discrete devices. The communication device includes one or more processors for implementing or supporting the communication device in implementing the functions in the method of this application. The processor can also be called a processing unit or processing module, and can implement certain control functions. The processor can be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor, etc. For example, it includes: a central processing unit, an application processor, a modem processor, a graphics processor, an image signal processor, a digital signal processor, a video codec processor, a controller, a memory, and / or a neural network processor, etc. The central processing unit can be used to control the communication device, execute software programs, and / or process data. Different processors can be independent devices or integrated into one or more processors, for example, integrated on one or more application-specific integrated circuits. It is understood that the processor in the embodiments of this application can be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0251] Optionally, the communication device includes one or more memories for storing instructions that can be executed on a processor. The memory and processor are coupled; in this application, coupling refers to indirect coupling or communication connection between devices, units, or modules, and can be electrical, mechanical, or other forms, for information exchange between devices, units, or modules.

[0252] Optionally, the memory may also store data. The processor and memory can be configured separately or integrated together. The memory can be non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), or it can be volatile memory, such as random-access memory (RAM). In the embodiments of this application, the processor may also be in flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), registers, hard disks, portable hard disks, CD-ROMs, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.

[0253] Alternatively, the communication device may include instructions (sometimes referred to as code or program), which can be executed on a processor.

[0254] Optionally, the communication device may also include a transceiver and an antenna. The transceiver may be called a transceiver unit, transceiver module, transceiver, transceiver circuit, transceiver, input / output interface, etc., and is used to realize the transmission and reception functions of the communication device through the antenna.

[0255] The terms "system" and "network" in this application embodiment are used interchangeably. "At least one" refers to one or more, and "multiple" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, "at least one of A, B, or C" includes A, B, C, AB, AC, BC, or ABC; "at least one of A, B, and C" can also be understood as including A, B, C, AB, AC, BC, or ABC. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, the ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" mentioned in this application embodiment are used to distinguish multiple objects and are not used to limit the order, sequence, priority, or importance of multiple objects.

[0256] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0257] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to this application. It should be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in one or more blocks of the flowchart illustrations and / or one or more blocks of the block diagrams.

[0258] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means that implement the functions specified in one or more flowcharts and / or one or more block diagrams.

[0259] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process, such that the instructions, which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus, provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more flowcharts and / or one or more block diagrams.

[0260] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, include: Receive first information, the first information indicating the first terminal's first position at a first moment; Based on the first position and the first channel information, the second channel information is determined. The first channel information is the channel information of the first terminal at the first time, and the second channel information is the channel information of the first terminal at the second time. The first channel information is obtained based on channel estimation of the reference signal. The first time is before the second time. The time interval between the second time and the first time is t1. The time interval between two adjacent channels is t2. Each of the two adjacent channels is obtained based on channel estimation of the reference signal. t1 is less than or equal to t2. Both t1 and t2 are positive numbers greater than 0.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the first location and the first channel information, the second channel information is determined, including: Based on the first location, the first channel information, and the third channel information, the second channel information is determined, wherein the third channel information is the channel information of the second terminal at the first moment; Wherein, the second position and the third position are the same, the second position is the position of the first terminal at the second time, and the third position is the position of the second terminal at the first time; or, the access network device accessed by the first terminal at the second time is the same as the access network device accessed by the second terminal at the first time.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first information includes first geographic fingerprint information, which corresponds to a first index located in a first table, and the first index indicates the first location.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The first information includes first indication information, which indicates the first moment.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: At the first moment, a second information or a reference signal is received, wherein the second information indicates the first channel information; Based on the first location and the first channel information, the second channel information is determined, including: When the time interval between the third time and the first time is less than or equal to t2, the second channel information is determined based on the first position and the first channel information, and the third time is the time when the first information is received.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The first information also includes second indication information, which indicates the first channel information; or, the first information is included in a first message, which further includes a first reference signal, and the first channel information is obtained based on channel estimation of the first reference signal.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The first information also includes one or more of the following: The identification information of the first terminal; The third indication information indicates the lane in which the first terminal was located at the first moment; The fourth indication information indicates the path that the first terminal will travel; or, The fifth indication information indicates the speed of the first terminal at the first moment.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Before receiving the first information, the method further includes: Send a first downlink control information (DCI) to the first terminal, wherein the first DCI indicates the time when the first terminal reported the first information.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The method further includes: Configuration information is sent to the first terminal, the configuration information being used to configure the first terminal to periodically access the location of the first terminal.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain the fourth channel information of the first terminal at the second time, wherein the fourth channel information is obtained based on channel estimation of the reference signal; Based on the second channel information and the fourth channel information, the fifth channel information is determined. The fifth channel information is the channel information of the first terminal at the fourth time point. The fourth time point is after the second time point, and the time interval between the fourth time point and the second time point is less than or equal to t2.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, Based on the first location and the first channel information, the second channel information is determined, including: The first position and the first channel information are input into the first model to perform channel prediction, thereby obtaining the second channel information.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The method further includes: At the first moment, a downlink signal is sent to the first terminal located in the first area using the first channel precoding. When all downlink signals sent to the first terminal at the first moment are successfully transmitted, downlink signals are sent to the third terminal located in the first area at the second moment using the first channel precoding.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The third information is sent to the third terminal, which instructs the third terminal not to provide Channel State Information (CSI) feedback within a first time window, or the third information instructs the third terminal not to send a reference signal within a first time window, wherein the first time window includes the second time point.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The method further includes: When all downlink signals sent to the first terminal at the first moment are successfully transmitted, third information is sent to the third terminal located in the first area. The third information indicates that the third terminal does not perform CSI feedback within the first time window, or the third information indicates that the third terminal does not send reference signals within the first time window, wherein the first time window includes the second moment.

15. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: At a first moment, a second message or a reference signal is sent. The second message indicates the first channel information, and the reference signal is used for channel estimation to obtain the first channel information. The first channel information is the channel information of the first terminal at the first moment. Send first information, the first information indicating the first position of the first terminal at the first time, the first position and the first channel information are used to determine the second channel information, the second channel information is the channel information of the first terminal at the second time, the second time is after the first time, the time interval between the second time and the first time is t1, the time interval between two adjacent channels is t2, each of the two adjacent channels is obtained based on the channel estimation of the reference signal, t1 is less than or equal to t2, and t1 and t2 are both positive numbers greater than 0.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that, The first information includes first geographic fingerprint information, which corresponds to a first index located in a first table, and the first index indicates the first location.

17. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that, The first information includes first indication information.

18. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that, The first information also includes one or more of the following: The identification information of the first terminal; The third indication information indicates the lane in which the first terminal was located at the first moment; The fourth indication information indicates the path that the first terminal will travel; or, The fifth indication information indicates the speed of the first terminal at the first moment.

19. A communication device, characterized in that, Used to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-14.

20. The communication device according to claim 19, characterized in that, The communication device includes network equipment or a chip.

21. A communication device, characterized in that, Used to implement the method as described in any one of claims 15-18.

22. The communication device according to claim 21, characterized in that, The communication device includes user equipment or a chip.

23. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program or instructions that, when executed, cause the method as described in any one of claims 1-18 to be implemented.

24. A computer program product, characterized in that, When the computer program product is run, the method as described in any one of claims 1-18 is implemented.

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