Differential suction system with automated part detection and adaptive suction control

Abstract

Suction cups have been a fundamental part of industry and daily life for over a century, with one of their main applications being in CNC machines to hold raw materials securely in place. In existing systems, there is no automatic distinction between the parts of the worktable that are covered by the material and those that are not. This means that suction is applied across the entire table, even to areas where it's not necessary, requiring manual adjustments from the operator. This process is time-consuming and demands a high level of skill. This design addresses this issue by incorporating an automatic valve on each suction cup that limits suction to areas covered by the material. If there is no material or if external pressure is not applied, the valve remains closed. This automatic control enhances efficiency by focusing suction only where it's needed. Moreover, the system introduces an insulating barrier between the worktable and the active suction areas, streamlining the process and making it faster and easier to use.

Description

Differential Suction System with Automated Part Detection and Adaptive Suction Control

[0001] The technical field of this invention is based on fluid mechanics and its application in the automated assembly and CNC machining industry, specifically as an advanced work holding system for securing parts during machining and processing.

[0002] The first type of suction cup was invented and introduced to the market in 1860. Since then, it has not undergone significant advancements, with notable developments being limited to the CNC suction table and temporary suction systems used in assembly devices.

[0003] Suction cups have been an essential part of industry and daily life for over a century. One of their major applications is in CNC machines, where they are used to hold raw materials firmly in place. In the current systems, there is no automatic differentiation between the areas of the machining table that are covered by a workpiece and those that are not (where vacuum is not needed). As a result, manual adjustments by an operator are required, which is both time-consuming and demands a high level of expertise.

[0004] This design addresses the issue by incorporating an automatically opening valve on each suction cup. The valve allows suction only in areas where a workpiece is present and remains closed when there is no object or external pressure. This functionality confines the vacuum to necessary zones, thereby increasing system efficiency. Furthermore, the system creates an insulating point between the work surface (i.e., the suction cup) and automatically regulates the active suction zones, enhancing both speed and ease of use.

[0005] Suction cups have played a vital role in industry and everyday life for over a century, offering a simple yet effective method for holding, lifting, or securing objects. One of their most significant industrial applications is in CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machines, where they are used to stabilize raw materials during cutting, shaping, or processing. In these systems, ensuring that the material remains fixed in place is critical for achieving precision and efficiency.

[0006] However, current suction-based holding systems do not automatically differentiate between sections of the lathe or CNC table that are covered by a workpiece and those that remain uncovered. As a result, suction is often applied uniformly across the entire table, even in areas where it is unnecessary. This not only leads to wasted energy but also reduces the overall efficiency of the system. Furthermore, it requires the operator to manually adjust the suction zones, a process that is both time-consuming and highly dependent on technical expertise. This limitation presents a significant challenge in automated production environments, where speed, accuracy, and ease of use are crucial.

[0007] This design improves efficiency by incorporating a miniature automatic valve on each suction cup, which only opens when the cup is covered by a part or subjected to external pressure. In the absence of such conditions, the valve remains closed, preventing unnecessary suction. As a result, suction is limited to the necessary areas, optimizing system performance.

[0008] Additionally, the system creates an insulating interface between the suction cup and the work surface, automatically activating suction zones as needed—enhancing both speed and ease of use. By scaling the valve down to compact dimensions, the invention distinguishes between suction-induced pulling and the mechanical activation caused by a part pressing down on the suction cup.

[0009] No suction is created in areas not covered by a workpiece.

[0010] Reduced air leakage, resulting in decreased suction force loss.

[0011] Improved system efficiency by minimizing suction loss and pressure waste.

[0012] Faster placement and replacement of workpieces due to automatic suction zone adjustment.

[0013] Increased suction power by preventing energy loss.

[0014] Enhanced suction force through maximized contact area between the suction cup and the workpiece.

[0015] No need for manual suction zone adjustment.

[0016] No need for manually applied sealing strips.

[0017] Since each suction cup functions independently, the workpiece does not need to be a single, solid piece. In other words, the workpiece can be divided into multiple sections during processing without disrupting the suction system.

[0018] The ability to hold multiple workpieces as easily as holding a single piece.

[0019] Because the air passage opens only when covered by an external part, there is no risk of debris or contaminants entering the airflow system from the environment.

[0020] Since each suction cup has a separate air channel, a blockage in one cup does not interfere with the overall system performance.

[0021] The size and number of suction cups, as well as the activation force for air flow, can be easily adjusted based on specific needs—often without requiring replacement of the entire assembly.

[0022] The suction devices currently used across various industries do not differentiate between the suction required in areas covered by the workpiece and those that are free and do not require suction. This issue can result in significant time consumption for the operator, as it requires manual adjustment of the suction zones and placement of sealing strips between the workpiece and the suction system. Even with proper setup, these conventional systems suffer from air leakage, which reduces efficiency and necessitates continuous monitoring and adjustment of suction pressure to ensure the workpiece remains securely held during operation.

[0023] This invention introduces a miniature valve on each suction cup, which, through proper scaling, can be produced in compact dimensions. It distinguishes between suction force being actively applied and mechanical pressure exerted on the lever of each suction cup by the presence of the workpiece—allowing for intelligent and automatic control of suction zones.

[0024] Description of the design presented in Figures 1 to 32, corresponding to parts numbered 1 to 11:

[0025] When no part is placed on the suction cup, the two halves of the one-way air valve (Part No. 7) are pressed against each other by the vacuum force, preventing any suction from occurring through that suction cup (as shown in). This mechanism avoids unintended suction in areas not covered by a part. In this state, the air passage pin (Part No. 5) remains in the upper position, maintained by a spring placed beneath the pin and the elastic resistance of the one-way valve located below it. This configuration remains stable as long as no part is resting on the suction cup. The spring under the suction cup is specifically designed to support the weight of the pin; however, it compresses under any additional load without offering significant resistance.

[0026] It is also worth noting that the air passage channels (Part No. 10), embedded in the pin (Figures 27 to 32), are not aligned with the airflow path in this state. Nonetheless, they remain protected from external contamination due to the enclosed environment surrounding them.

[0027] When a part is placed on the suction cup, the air passage pin (Part No. 4), located at the center of the suction cup, is pressed downward. This pin is equipped with air passage channels, and by moving between the two halves of the one-way valve, it creates a new path for airflow through its channels—enabling vacuum suction (as shown in). This mechanism ensures that only the suction cups covered by a part activate suction. The spring beneath the pin is calibrated to counteract only the weight of the pin and the frictional force from the valve’s two halves. Therefore, in the presence of a part, the pin can be easily pushed down without requiring significant additional pressure, and it naturally returns to its original position when the part is removed.

[0028] The air passage pin is equipped with a ring in its middle section, which serves the purpose of controlling the freedom of movement of the pin. When no part is placed on the pin, this ring keeps the pin in place, preventing it from being pushed out of the suction cup by the spring force. Additionally, the channels (Part No. 10) on the pin, when no part is positioned on it, do not create an airflow path due to the pressure exerted by the spring, which holds the pin above the one-way air valve. However, when a part is placed on the suction cup and presses the pin downward, the lower section of the channels aligns with the two halves of the one-way valve, creating a path for air to flow through the pin’s channels. This action enables the suction process and allows the creation of a vacuum.

[0029] The spring beneath the pin is designed specifically to resist only the weight of the pin. When a minimal force is applied from above the suction cup (such as the presence of the part itself, even with the smallest weight), the pin moves downward without the need for additional force or specialized tools. After the work is completed, similar to older systems, the pin, spring, and suction cup return to their original state after a brief air blow (instead of suction) for a fraction of a second, making the system ready for reuse.

[0030] Description of the Design Presented in Figures 33 to 78, Corresponding to the Parts Explained in Numbers 12 to 30

[0031] In this design, all moving parts have been consolidated into a single piece, making it easier and more cost-effective to manufacture.

[0032] The design consists of three machined metal plates that serve the following purposes:

[0033] First Plate (No. 13): This plate locks the suction cups in place, provides a platform to hold the part, and limits the movement of the part placed on the platform. It ensures that the maximum air flow is achieved with the pressure applied on the suction cups, while preventing the force from exceeding a level that could damage the overall shape of the suction cups.

[0034] Second Plate (No. 14): This plate determines the placement of the suction cups and contains the channels that connect the air flow passage from the suction cups to the third plate (No. 15). In cooperation with the first plate (No. 13), it firmly secures the suction cups in place, preventing movement or damage during use.

[0035] Third Plate (No. 15): This plate is responsible for channeling and supplying air from the vacuum system to all the suction cups, achieved by directing air through the channels embedded in the second plate (No. 14).

[0036] In between these plates, an insulating layer is incorporated at the connection points along the edges to prevent air leakage and pressure loss. This layer can be permanently applied, such as with silicone adhesives, or removable for easier periodic maintenance. Materials like solid silicone, TPU, or other similar substances can be used for this insulating layer.

[0037] For a better understanding of how this design works, it is important to note that when objects are subjected to pressure, the weakest parts of the object will either deform or suffer damage, either temporarily or permanently. The above design takes advantage of this principle by preventing airflow through suction cups that do not have a part placed on them.

[0038] As clearly shown in, in the center of the suction cup, there is a section designed vertically with a thinner thickness compared to the rest of the suction cup. This section is intentionally made weaker to allow for controlled deformation when pressure is applied from above. This design enables the suction cup to deform in a controlled manner under pressure.

[0039] To ensure that the suction cup deforms appropriately when force is applied, it is essential to control the direction of the deformation. The weakened section of the suction cup can deform inward, which would be undesirable as it would block the airflow passage. Therefore, the design incorporates two arms (No. 16), positioned at an angle outward on either side of the suction cup. These arms initiate the movement of the suction cup's walls outward when pressure is applied.

[0040] By analyzing the force path and the angle of the arms relative to the pressure applied vertically from above, it becomes clear that the arms must move outward. In cooperation with the weakened areas of the suction cup, when pressure is applied, the two walls of the suction cup separate, creating a temporary, reversible airflow passage.

[0041] The creation of this passage directly depends on the presence of the part on the suction cup. As shown in, without the part on the suction cup, the walls are pushed together due to suction, preventing airflow. However, when the part is placed on the suction cup (), the outward movement of the arms and the walls of the suction cup allows air to pass through, enabling suction.

[0042] in the absence of a part, the suction cup functions as a one-way air valve, preventing suction. However, by combining the functional roles of the two arms and the weakened body section, in the presence of a part, the suction cup, unlike in its previous design, opens a passage within it, creating a temporary and reversible airflow path, thus enabling suction.

[0043] Since the airflow passage only opens when the suction cup is covered by an external part, the entry of debris and contaminants from the environment into the airflow path is prevented.

[0044] Due to the material used in the suction cup's production, the changes in shape are temporary and reversible. When the part is removed from the suction cup, it returns to its original shape, enabling reuse without the need for manual adjustments.

[0045] Since each suction cup has a separate airflow path, the blockage of one does not interfere with the system's performance.

[0046] to assemble the system, one must begin with the third plate (No. 15), then place the second plate (No. 14) on top, which determines the positions of the suction cups. Each position has a passage in the center for airflow. After positioning the suction cups, the first plate (No. 13) is placed on top, which, in combination with the second plate, secures the suction cups in place. Once the plates are connected using screws or specific clips, the system is ready for attachment. The fact that there is no need to separately attach each suction cup speeds up the assembly process.

[0047] Overall, this system, by differentiating between the areas where the part is placed and the areas that are free of the part, can restrict the airflow to only those regions where the part is present, using the two methods described above.

[0048] After completing the task, to detach the part, air is directed in the opposite direction of the suction, causing the part to separate from the suction cups. The suction cups then return to their initial state, making them ready for reuse.

[0049] Below are the descriptions of the parts mentioned in the images, including the name, description, related numbers, and the material of each part. Note that numbers 1 to 11 relate to the first design, and numbers 12 to 30 refer to the second design.

[0050] Number 1: Part / Component – Represents the part held by the suction cups, which can be made from various materials, as the system does not differentiate between metals or non-metals, or conductors or insulators. Additionally, there is no need for the underside of the part to be smooth, as it can still be securely held in place regardless of this factor. This number is associated with No. 12.

[0051] Number 2: Main Body – Refers to the main body of the suction cup, which should be made of rigid plastic, metals, or generally a material capable of withstanding the pressure exerted by the part. This number is related to No. 6.

[0052] Number 3: One-Way Air Valve (Open State) – In this case, due to the presence of the part and the movement of the air passage pin downward, the two walls of the one-way air valve are spaced apart. The pin, positioned between these walls, creates a path for the air through its channels. This part is made of soft, flexible plastic (such as TPU and silicone), which does not get damaged when the pin enters the walls and returns to its original position once the pin is removed. This number is related to No. 7.

[0053] Number 4: Air Passage Pin in the Presence of a Part - In this case, the pin is pressed downward as a result of the part being placed on it, and through the channels incorporated into it, it allows air passage, thereby creating suction and securing the part. As shown in the Figures, this condition causes the spring beneath the pin to compress, which ensures that after the part is removed from the suction cup, the pin returns to its original position. The pin should be made of hard plastic or metal, and due to its complex shape, especially in the air passage channels, it is recommended to be produced using 3D printing technology. This number is related to numbers 5, 10, and 11.

[0054] Number 5: Air Passage Pin in the Absence of a Part - In this case, the pin is not pressed downward, which is a result of the part not being placed on it. Due to the absence of the channels for air passage on the pin, no suction is created. As shown in the Figures, this condition allows the spring to remain in a resting state and prevents the pin from falling into the air valve when the part is not present. The pin should be made of hard plastic or metal, and due to its complex shape, especially in the air passage channels, it is recommended to be produced using 3D printing technology. This number is related to numbers 4, 10, and 11.

[0055] Number 6: Air Passage Plate and Air Passage Pin Holder - This refers to the plate of the suction cup that holds the air passage pin centrally and upright. It also serves as a platform for supporting the spring of the pin. This plate contains numerous permanent holes for air passage when the suction is open. The material of this plate, like the main body, should be made of hard plastic or metal. This number is related to No. 2.

[0056] Number 7: One-Way Air Valve in the Closed Position - In this case, due to the absence of the part and the pin remaining in the upward position, the two halves of the air valve are kept in place by the spring, and as suction begins, they compress together, preventing air flow from the suction cup. It should be noted that the opening of the two halves of the one-way air valve is contingent on the presence of the air passage pin and the part on it, neither of which are present in this case. This component is made of soft plastic (TPU and silicone) and is flexible, allowing it to withstand the insertion of the pin between its walls without damage and return to its original position after the pin exits. This number is related to No. 3.

[0057] Number 8: Air Insulating Ring - This number refers to a flexible ring that can be designed and used in two forms, fully covering the top edge of the suction cup. The primary function of this ring is to prevent air leakage and maintain the pressure between the part and the suction cup. This component is made of soft plastic (TPU and silicone) and is flexible, effectively covering the area between the part and the suction cup in the presence of the part, and it does not suffer damage or permanent deformation from pressure. This number is related to No. 2.

[0058] Number 9: Air Transfer Passage - This passage is located beneath the suction cup and connects to the main body, responsible for supplying the primary airflow to the suction cup. If this passage also serves as an insulating component with the underlying plate, it should be made from soft plastics like silicone or TPU; otherwise, it can be integrated with the main body using hard plastics such as ABS or nylon. This number is related to No. 2.

[0059] Number 10: Air passage duct in the air passage pin - This refers to ducts located from the lower part towards the middle of the pin’s wall. These ducts are responsible for allowing air to pass when a part is present, but this does not occur if there is no part and the pin remains fixed in its place. These ducts are cut from the main pin, which can be made from hard plastic or metal. This number is related to numbers 4, 5, and 11.

[0060] Number 11: Ring controlling the vertical movement freedom of the air passage pin - This number shows the status and position of a ring located on the air passage pin. This ring prevents the pin from completely exiting its position when there is no part, and the spring is at rest. The material of this part is similar to that of the air passage pin and can be made from hard plastic such as ABS or Nylon, or metals. This number is related to numbers 4, 5, and 10.

[0061] Number 12: Part / Component - This refers to the part held by the suction cups, which can be made from various materials. In this system, there is no distinction between metals or non-metals and conductors or insulators. Also, there is no need for the underside of the part to be polished, and it can still securely hold the part in place regardless of this factor. This number is related to No. 1.

[0062] Number 13: Top Plate - This is the highest plate in the assembly in terms of position. Its main function is to provide a platform for the part. Additionally, when combined with the middle plate, it keeps the suction cups firmly in place, while simultaneously allowing free movement to sections of the suction cups that require movement. This part can be made from hard plastics like ABS or metals. This number is related to numbers 14, 15, and 26.

[0063] Number 14: Middle Plate - This is the second plate in terms of position in the assembly. Its main function, when combined with the top plate, is to provide a secure holder for the suction cups. Additionally, this plate is responsible for transferring air to each suction cup via the ducts located in the center of each suction cup holder. This part can be made from hard plastics like ABS or metals. This number is related to numbers 13, 15, 24, and 25.

[0064] Number 15: Bottom Plate - This is the lowest plate in the assembly in terms of position. Its primary function is to supply airflow to the suction cups, with the air passing through the ducts designed specifically for each suction cup. This part can be made from hard plastics like ABS or metals. This number is related to numbers 14 and 15.

[0065] Number 16: Air Passage Opening Arm in the Closed Position - The position shown by this number is when no part is present on the suction cup. This arm is responsible for initiating the required movement. This action is crucial for the optimal and correct operation of the suction cup, as when the suction cup moves inward, contrary to the desired behavior of opening the air passage in the presence of the part, it closes the air passage and prevents air from passing. This can lead to a decrease in the pressure holding the part. The material for this part, similar to the suction cup, can be soft plastic such as silicone or TPU. This choice gives the suction cup and its components a spring-like property, necessary for its proper functioning. Additionally, it can return to its original shape after use without experiencing any permanent and irreversible change. This number is related to No. 21.

[0066] Number 17: Spring Insulator of the Suction Cup in the Absence of a Part - This number refers to a part of the suction cup that serves as an insulator between the suction cup and the part from the external environment. In other words, this component limits the airflow generated in the presence of the part to the area beneath the part in contact with the suction cup. The spring-like design of this component ensures a strong seal, even if the part is not polished. When no part is placed on the suction cup, the spring insulator remains in a resting state. This part, like the suction cup, is made of soft plastic, such as silicone and TPU. This choice gives the suction cup and its components a spring-like property, necessary for proper operation, and additionally, it can return to its original shape after use without experiencing any permanent and irreversible change. This number is related to No. 20.

[0067] Number 18: One-Way Air Valve with a Longitudinal Cut in the Closed Position - This number refers to the two halves of the air valve when no part is placed on the suction cup. As previously mentioned, in this state, the suction cup functions as a one-way air valve and prevents air from being sucked in. This condition remains stable as long as no part is present on the suction cup. This part, like the suction cup, is made of soft plastic such as silicone and TPU. This choice gives the suction cup and its components a spring-like property, necessary for proper operation, and additionally, it can return to its original shape after use without experiencing any permanent and irreversible change. This number is related to number 23.

[0068] Number 19: Air Passage Duct of the Suction Cup in the Closed Position - This number refers to the cross-section of the suction cup in a state where no part is placed on it. In this situation, the suction cup acts like a one-way air valve, preventing suction from occurring. The material for this part, like the suction cup, is made from soft plastics such as silicone and TPU. This choice gives the suction cup and its components a spring-like property, necessary for proper functioning. Additionally, it can return to its original shape after use without experiencing any permanent and irreversible change. This number is related to number 22.

[0069] Number 20: Spring Insulator of the Suction Cup in the Presence of a Part - This number refers to a part of the suction cup that serves as an insulator between the suction cup and the part from the external environment. In other words, this component limits the airflow generated in the presence of the part to the area beneath the part in contact with the suction cup. The spring-like design of this component ensures a strong seal, even if the part is not polished. When a part is placed on the suction cup, the spring insulator compresses and adjusts automatically according to the height. This part, like the suction cup, is made from soft plastics such as silicone and TPU. This choice gives the suction cup and its components a spring-like property, necessary for proper operation, and additionally, it can return to its original shape after use without experiencing any permanent and irreversible change. This number is related to number 17.

[0070] Number 21: Air Passage Opening Arm in the Open Position - The position shown by this number occurs when a part is placed on the suction cup. This arm is responsible for initiating movement in the required direction. This function is critical for the optimal and correct operation of the suction cup. If the suction cup starts to move inward, it contradicts the need for the air passage to open when a part is present, which would instead close the air passage and prevent airflow, potentially reducing the holding pressure of the part. As indicated in this number, when force is applied to the part, the two arms move outward, preventing the one-way air valve walls from moving inward, as this would require more force than the outward movement of the two walls. This part, like the suction cup, is made of soft plastics such as silicone and TPU. This choice gives the suction cup and its components a spring-like property, which is necessary for proper function, and it can return to its original shape after use without experiencing any permanent, irreversible change. This number is related to number 16.

[0071] Number 22: Air Passage Duct of the Suction Cup in the Open Position - This number refers to the cross-section of the suction cup in a state where a part is placed on it. In this state, the suction cup, through the two arms and longitudinal cut in the body, separates the two walls of the suction cup, creating a pathway for the air to pass through. This state is maintained as long as a part is present on the suction cup, and it returns to its original state once the part is removed. The material for this part, like the suction cup, is made from soft plastics such as silicone and TPU. This choice gives the suction cup and its components a spring-like property, which is essential for proper functioning, and it can return to its original shape after use without experiencing any permanent and irreversible change. This number is related to number 19.

[0072] Number 23: One-Way Valve with a Longitudinal Cut in the Body in the Open Position - This number refers to the two halves of the air valve when a part is placed on the suction cup. In this position, as shown, the two halves of the valve are separated, creating a clear passage for air to flow through. A closer examination of the shape reveals that the folding of the wall at the longitudinal cut has been intentionally weakened in this position for the proper functioning of the suction cup. The material for this part, like the suction cup, is made of soft plastics such as silicone and TPU. This choice gives the suction cup and its components a spring-like property, which is necessary for proper function, and it can return to its original shape after use without experiencing any permanent, irreversible change. This number is related to number 18.

[0073] Number 24: Suction Cup Placement on the Middle Plate - This number indicates the section where the lower part of the suction cup is placed on the middle plate. This cut not only marks the precise location of the suction cup but, when combined with the top plate, firmly holds the suction cup in place, ensuring that it does not move unintentionally. This number is related to numbers 14 and 25.

[0074] Number 25: Air Passage in the Middle Plate - This number indicates the cavity created at the center of each suction cup's placement on the middle plate. This cavity is responsible for transferring air from the bottom plate to the suction cup. This number is related to numbers 14 and 24.

[0075] Number 26: Upper Suction Cup Holder - This number refers to the edge designed in the upper plate, which, in combination with the middle plate, firmly holds the suction cup in place and prevents unwanted movement. At the same time, it allows parts of the suction cup that need to move freely to do so. This number is related to number 13.

[0076] Number 27: Longitudinal Cut of the Suction Cup in the Closed State - This situation occurs when no part is present. The suction cup functions as a one-way air valve, preventing airflow. This cut, which extends partially along the wall, guarantees folding at this point, creating the maximum airflow passage. The material for this part, like the suction cup, is soft plastic, such as silicone and TPU. This choice gives the suction cup and its components a spring-like property, essential for proper operation, and they can return to their original shape after use without any permanent, irreversible change. This number is related to number 29.

[0077] Number 28: Longitudinal Cut of the Suction Cup in the Open State - This situation occurs when a part is placed on the suction cup, and the suction cup creates an airflow passage by temporarily and reversibly folding its walls. This allows for suction to occur, and without this cut, much higher force would be needed to create this airflow path. The material for this part, like the suction cup, is soft plastic such as silicone and TPU. This choice gives the suction cup and its components a spring-like property, essential for proper operation, and they can return to their original shape after use without any permanent, irreversible change. This number is related to number 28.

[0078] Number 29: Suction Cup in the Closed State (No Airflow) - This number refers to all components and the overall shape of the suction cup in a state where no part is placed on it, and no path for airflow is created. This state remains stable as long as no part is placed on the suction cup. As visible, the two arms of the suction cup and the cross-cut are in place, ready to receive a part. In this state, due to the closed air passage, the entry of debris and external contaminants into the airflow path is also prevented. The material for this part, like the suction cup, is soft plastic such as silicone and TPU. This choice gives the suction cup and its components a spring-like property, essential for proper operation, and they can return to their original shape after use without any permanent, irreversible change. This number is related to number 27.

[0079] Number 30: Suction Cup in the Open State (Airflow) - This number refers to the suction cup in the presence of a part and the opening of the airflow passage through the arms and longitudinal cut of the valve body. This creates a pathway for air. In this state, the two arms bend downward, initiating the movement of the two valve walls outward, and the temporary, reversible passage for air is clearly visible. The material for this part, like the suction cup, is soft plastic such as silicone and TPU. This choice gives the suction cup and its components a spring-like property, essential for proper operation, and they can return to their original shape after use without any permanent, irreversible change. This number is related to No. 28.Fig.1

[0080] In this fig., a set of 100 suction cups along with the component can be observed. A portion of the suction cups is covered by the component, as shown in this fig. As can be seen, the suction cups that are not covered by the component are in the closed position, and due to the force of the spring beneath the air passage pin, there is no airflow path in them. This fig. also demonstrates that the irregular shape of the component does not hinder the function of the suction cups. It can be seen that all dimensions of the component—except the surface in direct contact with the suction cups—remain fully accessible and usable.Fig.2

[0081] In this fig., a set of 100 suction cups along with the component can be observed. A portion of the suction cups is covered by the component, as illustrated in this fig. As can be seen, the suction cups that are not covered by the component are in the closed position, and due to the spring force beneath the air passage pin, no airflow path exists within them. This fig. also demonstrates that the irregular shape of the component does not interfere with the function of the suction cups. It is also evident that all dimensions of the component—except for the surface in direct contact with the suction cups—remain fully accessible and usable. This fig. provides an alternative view compared to.Fig.3

[0082] This fig. presents a side view of the assembly of suction cups and the component, illustrating the overall scale of the parts. In this fig., the pins of the suction cups that are not covered by the component and are positioned in the raised state can be observed. These pins are held in this position by the spring located beneath them until the component is placed.Fig.4

[0083] This fig. presents a top view of the suction cup assembly and the component placed on them, demonstrating the system’s capability to hold objects with irregular shapes. As shown, the suction cups provide maximum coverage of the bottom surface of the component. The percentage of this coverage can be increased by adjusting the size of the suction cups, provided that proper scaling and calculations are applied.Fig.5

[0084] This fig. provides a close-up view of the pin position in the suction cup in both the open and closed states. It is important to note that the suction cups with pins oriented downward are shown under the assumption that a component is present; however, the component has been omitted in this fig. to allow clearer visualization of the difference between the suction cup states. The compression of the spring beneath the pin can be observed in this fig., which keeps the pin elevated in the absence of the component.Fig.6

[0085] This fig. corresponds to the explanation provided for, with the distinction that the component is shown, and the image includes a sectional view of the suction cup assembly and the component. This cross-section clearly illustrates the internal structural changes in the suction cup, including spring compression in the presence of the component, the lower end of the pin featuring channels for air passage into the valve, and the path of airflow from the suction cup to beneath the component.Fig.7

[0086] This fig. presents a close-up sectional view showing the internal components of a suction cup in the open state with the component in place. The airflow path through the channels designed within the pin is clearly visible. The compression of the spring beneath the air-passing pin can also be observed, which returns the pin to its original position once the component is removed, thereby preventing airflow through any suction cup not covered by a component. The airflow path is formed as the pin enters the midpoint between the two halves of the suction cup valve; this path is temporary and reversible and remains open only while the component is present.Fig.8

[0087] This fig. shows a close-up sectional view of the suction cup in the closed state, in which no airflow path from the valve to the upper part of the suction cup is visible. The air-passing pin is held in the raised position by the force of the spring beneath it, preventing the creation of an airflow path and thus suction from any suction cup not covered by a component. It can also be seen that the two halves of the suction cup valve rest on one another. In the absence of an external element such as the air-passing pin, they function as a one-way valve, effectively blocking suction flow from the outside into the suction cup.Fig.9

[0088] This fig. corresponds to the explanation provided for, with the difference that the component is shown, and the image includes a sectional view of the suction cup assembly and the component. This cross-sectional view clearly illustrates the change in the internal configuration of the suction cup, including the compression of the spring in the presence of the component, the lower inlet of the pin—which features channels that create an airflow path into the valve—and the overall path of airflow from the suction cup to the underside of the component.Fig.10

[0089] This fig. presents a close-up sectional view showing the internal structure of the suction cup in the open state with the component in place. The airflow path through the channels integrated into the pin is clearly visible. The compression of the spring beneath the air-transmitting pin can be seen, which functions to return the pin to its original position after the component is removed, thereby preventing airflow through any suction cup not covered by a component. The airflow path is formed when the pin enters the midpoint between the two halves of the suction cup valve; this path is temporary and reversible, and remains open only as long as the component is present. On the side of the fig., a portion of a suction cup in the closed state is also shown for comparison of internal component configurations.Fig.11

[0090] This fig. presents a close-up sectional view showing the internal components of the suction cup in the closed state, where no airflow path from the valve to the upper section of the suction cup is observed. The air-transmitting pin is held in an elevated position by the force of the spring beneath it, thereby preventing the formation of an airflow path and consequently suction from any suction cup not covered by a component. It can also be observed that the two halves of the suction cup valve rest on one another and, in the absence of an external element such as the air-transmitting pin, act as a one-way air valve, preventing suction flow from the outside into the suction cup.Fig.12

[0091] This fig. shows a close-up sectional view of the suction cup in the open state with the component present. The airflow path through the channels integrated into the pin is clearly visible. The compression of the spring beneath the air-transmitting pin can be observed, which returns the pin to its original position after the component is removed, thereby blocking airflow through any suction cup not covered by a component. The airflow path is created when the pin enters the midpoint between the two halves of the suction cup valve; this path is temporary and reversible, remaining active only during the presence of the component.Fig.13

[0092] In this fig., two individual suction cups in open and closed states are shown side by side. The suction cup on the right is in the closed state, with no air passage, due to the absence of a component on top and the upward position of the pin maintained by the spring. On the left, the suction cup is shown in the open state, which results from the presence of a component (not shown here for better visibility of the suction cup mechanism), causing spring compression and the downward movement of the air-transmitting pin into the suction cup valve.Fig.14

[0093] This fig. shows a side view of two individual suction cups placed next to each other in the open and closed states. The suction cup on the right is in the closed state with no airflow, due to the absence of a component and the upward position of the pin maintained by the spring. On the left, the suction cup is in the open state, resulting from the presence of a component (not shown in this fig. for better visibility), which compresses the spring and moves the air-transmitting pin downward into the suction cup valve. This view clearly illustrates the pin's position change in both the open and closed states.Fig.15

[0094] This fig. shows a sectional view of two suction cups in the open and closed states, placed side by side. In this image, the suction cup on the right is in a state where a component is present (the component is omitted for better visibility of the suction cup mechanism). With the compression of the spring, the air-transmitting pin moves downward, creating a temporary and reversible path for airflow, which remains open only while the component is on the suction cup, ultimately creating suction to hold the component. On the left side of the fig., the suction cup is shown in the closed state, where the air-transmitting pin is held in place by the spring in the upward position. In this state, no airflow path exists from the top to the bottom of the suction cup, and the two halves of the suction cup valve rest on one another, acting as a one-way air valve, preventing airflow and suction.Fig.16

[0095] This fig. shows a sectional view of two suction cups in the open and closed states, placed side by side. In this image, the suction cup on the right is in a state where a component is present (the component is omitted for better visibility of the suction cup mechanism). With the compression of the spring, the air-transmitting pin moves downward, creating a temporary and reversible path for airflow, which remains open only while the component is on the suction cup, ultimately creating suction to hold the component. On the left side of the fig., the suction cup is shown in the closed state, where the air-transmitting pin is held in place by the spring in the upward position. In this state, no airflow path exists from the top to the bottom of the suction cup, and the two halves of the suction cup valve rest on one another, acting as a one-way air valve, preventing airflow and suction.Fig.17

[0096] This fig. shows a sectional view of two suction cups in the open and closed states, placed side by side. In this image, the suction cup on the right is in a state where a component is present (the component is omitted for better visibility of the suction cup mechanism). With the compression of the spring, the air-transmitting pin moves downward, creating a temporary and reversible path for airflow, which remains open only while the component is on the suction cup, ultimately creating suction to hold the component. On the left side of the fig., the suction cup is shown in the closed state, where the air-transmitting pin is held in place by the spring in the upward position. In this state, no airflow path exists from the top to the bottom of the suction cup, and the two halves of the suction cup valve rest on one another, acting as a one-way air valve, preventing airflow and suction.Fig.18

[0097] This fig. shows a close-up of a sectional suction cup to observe the internal components in the state where a component is placed on it (the component is omitted for better visibility of the suction cup mechanism). As a result, the spring is compressed, and the pin moves downward, creating an airflow path. This path is temporary and reversible and will remain in this state as long as the component is in place. As observed, the airflow path in the open state is covered by the component, preventing debris and contamination from entering the airflow path.Fig.19

[0098] This fig. shows a close-up of a sectional suction cup to observe the internal components in the state where a component is placed on it (the component is omitted for better visibility of the suction cup mechanism). As a result, the spring is compressed, and the pin moves downward, creating an airflow path. This path is temporary and reversible and will remain in this state as long as the component is in place. As observed, the airflow path in the open state is covered by the component, preventing debris and contamination from entering the airflow path. The air-transmitting pin’s passages can be seen in this fig., which, upon the pin entering the middle of the suction cup valve's two halves, create a path for the airflow.Fig.20

[0099] This fig. shows a close-up of a sectional suction cup to observe the internal components in the state where a component is placed on it (the component is omitted for better visibility of the suction cup mechanism). As a result, the spring is compressed, and the pin moves downward, creating an airflow path. This path is temporary and reversible and will remain in this state as long as the component is in place. As observed, the airflow path in the open state is covered by the component, preventing debris and contamination from entering the airflow path. The air-transmitting pin’s passages can be seen in this fig., which, upon the pin entering the middle of the suction cup valve's two halves, create a path for the airflow. This view also shows the position of the lower section of the air-transmitting passages on the pin.Fig.21

[0100] This fig. shows the suction cup from the external view in the open state, which occurs when a component is placed on the suction cup (the component is omitted for better visibility of the suction cup). It can be observed that the air-transmitting pin moves downward, indicating the creation of an airflow path from the suction cup to beneath the component.Fig.22

[0101] This fig. shows the suction cup in the closed state from an overall external view. This state represents the suction cup in its closed condition, which occurs when no component is placed on the suction cup, and the air-transmitting pin is held upward by the underlying spring. In this state, the two halves of the suction cup valve rest on one another, preventing airflow and, consequently, preventing suction in the areas not covered by the component.Fig.23

[0102] This fig. shows the suction cup in the closed state with a sectional view for better visibility of its internal components. In this state, due to the absence of a component on the suction cup, the air-transmitting pin is held upward by its underlying spring, which prevents the creation of an airflow path from the top to the bottom of the suction cup. As a result, no suction is generated in the areas where the component is not placed. In this state, the two halves of the suction cup valve rest on each other, functioning as a one-way valve, and prevent the airflow. The spring beneath the pin prevents it from moving downward.Fig.24

[0103] This fig. shows the suction cup in the closed state with a sectional view for better visibility of its internal components. In this state, due to the absence of a component on the suction cup, the air-transmitting pin is held upward by its underlying spring, which prevents the creation of an airflow path from the top to the bottom of the suction cup. As a result, no suction is generated in the areas where the component is not placed. In this state, the two halves of the suction cup valve rest on each other, functioning as a one-way valve, and prevent the airflow. The spring beneath the pin prevents it from moving downward.Fig.25

[0104] This fig. shows the suction cup in the closed state with a sectional view for better visibility of its internal components. In this state, due to the absence of a component on the suction cup, the air-transmitting pin is held upward by its underlying spring, preventing the creation of an airflow path from the top to the bottom of the suction cup. Consequently, no suction is generated in the areas where the component is not placed. In this state, the two halves of the suction cup valve rest on one another, functioning as a one-way valve, and preventing the airflow. The spring beneath the pin prevents it from moving downward.Fig.26

[0105] This fig. shows the suction cup in the closed state with a sectional view for better visibility of its internal components. In this state, due to the absence of a component on the suction cup, the air-transmitting pin is held upward by its underlying spring, preventing the creation of an airflow path from the top to the bottom of the suction cup. Consequently, no suction is generated in the areas where the component is not placed. In this state, the two halves of the suction cup valve rest on one another, functioning as a one-way valve, and preventing the airflow. The spring beneath the pin prevents it from moving downward. In this view, the lower openings of the pin, designed for the passage of air when a component is present, are visible.Fig.27

[0106] This fig. shows a 3D and overall view of the air-transmitting pin. In this fig., the passages for air flow during the presence of the component, as well as the limiting ring for vertical movement of the pin, can be observed. The passages embedded in the pin start at the lower part of the pin and end at the body of the pin, located above the valve. A cap at the top holds the spring in place and also facilitates downward movement triggered by the component placed on the suction cup.Fig.28

[0107] This fig. shows the side view of the air-transmitting pin. In this fig., the passages for air flow during the presence of the component, as well as the limiting ring for vertical movement of the pin, can be observed. The passages embedded in the pin start at the lower part of the pin and end at the body of the pin, located above the valve. A cap at the top holds the spring in place and also facilitates downward movement triggered by the component placed on the suction cup.Fig.29

[0108] This fig. shows a sectional view of the air-transmitting pin. In this fig., the passages for air flow during the presence of the component, as well as the limiting ring for vertical movement of the pin, can be observed. The passages embedded in the pin start at the lower part of the pin and end at the body of the pin, located above the valve. A cap at the top holds the spring in place and also facilitates downward movement triggered by the component placed on the suction cup. In the sectional views, the air flow path is clearly visible.Fig.30

[0109] This fig. shows a sectional view of the air-transmitting pin. In this fig., the passages for air flow during the presence of the component, as well as the limiting ring for vertical movement of the pin, can be observed. The passages embedded in the pin start at the lower part of the pin and end at the body of the pin, located above the valve. A cap at the top holds the spring in place and also facilitates downward movement triggered by the component placed on the suction cup. In the sectional views, the air flow path is clearly visible.Fig.31

[0110] This fig. shows a sectional view of the air-transmitting pin. In this fig., the passages for air flow during the presence of the component, as well as the limiting ring for vertical movement of the pin, can be observed. The passages embedded in the pin start at the lower part of the pin and end at the body of the pin, located above the valve. A cap at the top holds the spring in place and also facilitates downward movement triggered by the component placed on the suction cup. In the sectional views, the air flow path is clearly visible.Fig.32

[0111] This fig. shows a 3D view from the bottom of the air-transmitting pin. In this fig., the passages for air flow during the presence of the component, as well as the limiting ring for vertical movement of the pin, can be observed. The passages embedded in the pin start at the lower part of the pin and end at the body of the pin, located above the valve. A cap at the top holds the spring in place and also facilitates downward movement triggered by the component placed on the suction cup.Fig.33

[0112] This fig. shows an overall view of the assembly of plates, suction cups, and the component placed on them. As can be seen, the suction cups that are not covered by the component act as a one-way valve, preventing the passage of airflow. In this state, the two arms that initiate the movement of the suction cup valve upwards are positioned, ready for placing the component. From the side, the positioning of the plates can be observed, arranged from top to bottom. As shown in this fig., only part of the suction cup extends beyond the upper plate, a design that allows the movable part of the suction cup to move freely and protects areas that do not need to come into contact with the component.Fig.34

[0113] This fig. shows a close-up view of the suction cups and the component placed on them. As can be seen, the suction cups that are not covered by the component act as a one-way valve, preventing the passage of airflow. In this state, the two arms that initiate the movement of the suction cup valve upwards are positioned, ready for placing the component. From the side, the positioning of the plates can be observed, arranged from top to bottom. As shown in this fig., only part of the suction cup extends beyond the upper plate, a design that allows the movable part of the suction cup to move freely and protects areas that do not need to come into contact with the component. In this view, the closed suction cups are visible because the open ones are covered by the component.Fig.35

[0114] This fig. shows a side view of the assembly of plates, suction cups, and the component, with the position of each element in the assembly visible. In this state, the spring insulation of the suction cups not covered by the component is visible, and these suction cups do not create a path for airflow in this state.Fig.36

[0115] This fig. shows an overall view of the assembly of plates, suction cups, and the component placed on them. As can be seen, the suction cups that are not covered by the component act as a one-way valve, preventing the passage of airflow. In this state, the two arms that initiate the movement of the suction cup valve upwards are positioned, ready for placing the component. From the side, the positioning of the plates can be observed, arranged from top to bottom. As shown in this fig., only part of the suction cup extends beyond the upper plate, a design that allows the movable part of the suction cup to move freely and protects areas that do not need to come into contact with the component.Fig.37

[0116] In this view, a section of the suction cup assembly is shown in magnification, where both open and closed states can be observed. In this fig., the component is not shown for better visualization of the different suction cup states, but the open suction cups are shown as if the component is affecting them. As can be seen, the position of the arms when the component is present moves downward along a path that separates the two halves of the suction cup valve. However, when the component is absent, these arms move upward and are ready for placing the component. Additionally, the spring insulation around the suction cups can be observed in both its compressed and resting states.Fig.38

[0117] This fig. shows an overall view of the assembly of plates and suction cups in both open and closed states. As can be seen, the suction cups that are not covered by the component act as a one-way valve, preventing the passage of airflow. In this state, the two arms that initiate the movement of the suction cup valve upwards are positioned, ready for placing the component. From the side, the positioning of the plates can be observed, arranged from top to bottom. As shown in this fig., only part of the suction cup extends beyond the upper plate, a design that allows the movable part of the suction cup to move freely and protects areas that do not need to come into contact with the component. The compressed state of the spring insulation of the suction cups is also visible when they are in the open position.Fig.39

[0118] This fig. shows three plates, with the suction cups removed from the assembly for better visualization of their position and shape. At the top, the cut section for the movable part of the suction cup is visible, and in each cavity, two edges for holding each suction cup in place can be seen. These edges are designed in such a way that they do not interfere with the movement of the suction cup's movable part.Fig.40

[0119] In this fig., two intermediate and lower plates are visible. In the intermediate plate, the necessary cuts for holding the suction cups and transferring air from the lower plate to the suction cups are visible. Due to the separate airflow paths for each suction cup, blocking one of them does not disrupt the system's performance. This fig. shows a sample of 100 suction cups on one plate, and the number and size of the suction cups can easily be adjusted according to needs.Fig.41

[0120] This fig. shows the lower plate of the assembly. The main function of this plate is to direct the airflow to all the cavities designed in the intermediate plate. Additionally, the integrated design of the airflow path ensures that if the airflow path of one or more suction cups becomes blocked, it does not disrupt the operation of the other suction cups.Fig.42

[0121] This fig. shows the upper plate of the assembly. The upper edge of the suction holder can be seen within the suction cup passage hole. This edge, in combination with the edge in the intermediate plate, keeps the suction cups in place and prevents unwanted movement. It also helps to prevent damage to the suction cups by absorbing more of the force applied from the component to the assembly.Fig.43

[0122] This fig. shows the upper plate of the assembly from the bottom view. The upper edge of the suction holder is visible within the suction cup passage hole. This edge, in combination with the edge in the intermediate plate, keeps the suction cups in place and prevents unwanted movement. It also helps to prevent damage to the suction cups by absorbing more of the force applied from the component to the assembly.Fig.44

[0123] In this fig., the intermediate plate is shown. The intermediate plate includes the necessary cuts for holding the suction cups and for transferring air from the lower plate to the suction cups. Due to the separate airflow paths for each suction cup, blocking one of them does not disrupt the system's operation. The airflow passage from the lower plate is visible at the center of each cavity.Fig.45

[0124] This fig. shows the intermediate plate from the bottom view. The necessary cuts for transferring air from the lower plate to the suction cups are visible. Due to the separate airflow paths for each suction cup, blocking one of them does not disrupt the system’s operation.Fig.46

[0125] This fig. shows a cross-sectional view of all the components in the assembly. It can be seen that the suction cups covered by the component have their valves bent outward at a location where the wall is intentionally weaker than the other parts. This is due to the angle and specific shape of the arms, which prevent the two valve walls from moving inward, thus allowing the valve to move outward. In contrast, the suction cups that are not covered by the component show their arms pointing upward, ready for the component to be placed. As shown, the vertical cut made in the valve wall to weaken it does not interfere with the suction cup’s function when the component is absent. These suction cups function like one-way valves, preventing air from passing through and creating suction in areas where no component is present. Additionally, the combined edges of the upper and intermediate plates effectively keep the suction cups in place. The spring insulation of each suction cup is shown in a compressed state when the component is present and in a resting state when the component is absent. This cross-sectional view also demonstrates that most of the weight of the component resting on the assembly is supported by the plates, made from materials with higher resistance than the suction cups, preventing irreversible damage and deformation of the suction cups.Fig.47

[0126] This fig. shows cross-sectional views of the suction cups covered by the component. The operation of the suction cups in the open state is visible. It can be seen that the arms move outward due to the pressure from the component, causing the valve’s two halves to begin moving and folding at the weakened wall. This deformation and folding are temporary and reversible, with the suction cup returning to the closed state once the component is removed. The airflow path, which is specific to each suction cup and connects the suction cup to the lower plate, can also be seen, creating the suction.Fig.48

[0127] This fig. shows a cross-sectional view of all the components in the assembly. It can be seen that the suction cups covered by the component have their valves bent outward at a location where the wall is intentionally weaker than the other parts. This is due to the angle and specific shape of the arms, which prevent the two valve walls from moving inward, thus allowing the valve to move outward. In contrast, the suction cups that are not covered by the component show their arms pointing upward, ready for the component to be placed. As shown, the vertical cut made in the valve wall to weaken it does not interfere with the suction cup’s function when the component is absent. These suction cups function like one-way valves, preventing air from passing through and creating suction in areas where no component is present. Additionally, the combined edges of the upper and intermediate plates effectively keep the suction cups in place. The spring insulation of each suction cup is shown in a compressed state when the component is present and in a resting state when the component is absent. This cross-sectional view also demonstrates that most of the weight of the component resting on the assembly is supported by the plates, made from materials with higher resistance than the suction cups, preventing irreversible damage and deformation of the suction cups.Fig.49

[0128] This fig. shows a cross-sectional view of the suction cups covered by the component. The operation of the suction cups in the open state is visible. It can be observed that the arms move outward due to the pressure from the component, causing the valve’s two halves to begin moving and folding at the weakened wall. This deformation and folding are temporary and reversible, with the suction cup returning to the closed state once the component is removed. The airflow path, specific to each suction cup, connecting the suction cup to the lower plate, is also visible.Fig.50

[0129] In this cross-sectional view, a magnified section of the suction cups is shown, where both their open and closed states are visible. The component is not shown in this figure to better observe the different suction cup states, but the suction cups that are open are shown assuming the component's effect. As seen, the arms move downward in the presence of the component, directing the valve halves to separate. However, in the absence of the component, the arms move upward and are ready for the component's placement. The spring insulation around the suction cups is visible in both its compressed and resting states. Additionally, the holding of the suction cups in place by the two edges on the upper and intermediate plates is visible. The airflow path from the suction cup to the intermediate plate and ultimately to the lower plate can also be seen.Fig.51

[0130] This fig. shows two suction cups in two different states from the external view. The change in arm position in the left suction cup is due to the presence of the component (Not shown in the figure for better observation of the suction cup components), which initiates the movement of the valve halves outward. The folding of the valve wall at the weakened area is also visible.Fig.52

[0131] This fig. shows two suction cups in two different states from the external view. The change in arm position in the left suction cup is due to the presence of the component (Not shown in the figure for better observation of the suction cup components), which initiates the movement of the valve halves outward. The folding of the valve wall at the weakened area is also visible.Fig.53

[0132] In this figure, two suction cups are shown from the bottom view in two different states. The change in the arm position in the left suction cup is due to the presence of the component (Not shown in the figure for better observation of the suction cup components), which initiates the movement of the two halves of the suction cup valve outward. The vertical cut in the suction cup wall, intended to weaken the wall at that point and ultimately result in controlled folding of the wall, can also be seen.Fig.54

[0133] This image shows a cross-sectional view of the two states of the suction cups. The change in the arm position in the left suction cup is due to the presence of the component (Not shown in the figure for better observation of the suction cup components), which initiates the movement of the two halves of the suction cup valve outward. The folding of the suction cup valve wall at the weakened area is visible. The compression of the suction cup spring in the presence of the component on the left side is also visible. This feature allows the system to hold parts with uneven surfaces. The opening of the airflow passage in the suction cup via the two arms and the longitudinal cut in the suction cup body, which eventually leads to the opening of the airflow path beneath the suction cup and creates suction, is also visible in this figure.Fig.55

[0134] This image shows a cross-sectional view of the two states of the suction cups. The change in the arm position in the left suction cup is due to the presence of the component (Not shown in the figure for better observation of the suction cup components), which initiates the movement of the two halves of the suction cup valve outward. The folding of the suction cup valve wall at the weakened area is visible. The compression of the suction cup spring in the presence of the component on the left side is also visible. This feature allows the system to hold parts with uneven surfaces. The opening of the airflow passage in the suction cup via the two arms and the longitudinal cut in the suction cup body, which eventually leads to the opening of the airflow path beneath the suction cup and creates suction, is also visible in this figure.Fig.56

[0135] In this figure, a suction cup is shown in the open state. It is important to note that this state only occurs when a component is placed on the suction cup; however, the component is not shown in this figure for better observation of the suction cup's different parts. The spring insulation of the suction cup is compressed in this figure, ensuring no air leakage from the contact point of the suction cup with the component. Additionally, the folding of the suction cup from the weakened valve wall and its movement outward and to the sides is visible.Fig.57

[0136] This figure shows a suction cup in the open state. It is important to note that this state occurs only when a component is placed on the suction cup; however, the component is not shown in this figure for better observation of the different parts of the suction cup. In this view, the precise shape of the spring insulation and how it compresses by changing the angles of its various sections can be seen.Fig.58

[0137] This figure shows a suction cup in the open state. It is important to note that this state occurs only when a component is placed on the suction cup; however, the component is not shown in this figure for better observation of the different parts of the suction cup. In this view, the position and shape of the valve wall folding due to the presence of the component and the movement of the arms can be seen. This change and folding are temporary and reversible, returning to their original state once the component is removed from the suction cup.Fig.59

[0138] This figure shows an overall external view of the suction cup in the closed state. This state indicates the absence of a component on the suction cup, preventing the flow of air and thus not creating suction in the suction cup. It can be seen that the spring insulation of the suction cup is at rest, and in this state, the upper edge of the spring insulation is the highest point of the suction cup. In this state, the two halves of the suction cup valve function as a one-way valve, preventing the flow of air and the creation of suction.Fig.60

[0139] This figure shows an overall external view of the suction cup in the closed state. This state indicates the absence of a component on the suction cup, preventing the flow of air and thus not creating suction in the suction cup. It can be seen that the spring insulation of the suction cup is at rest, and in this state, the upper edge of the spring insulation is the highest point of the suction cup. In this state, the two halves of the suction cup valve function as a one-way valve, preventing the flow of air and the creation of suction.Fig.61

[0140] This figure shows the overall external view of the suction cup in the closed state. This state indicates the absence of a component on the suction cup, preventing the passage of air and, consequently, preventing suction in this suction cup. In this state, the two halves of the suction cup valve function as a one-way valve, preventing the passage of air and the creation of suction. In this figure, the longitudinal cut of the suction cup valve body, designed for controlled folding of the suction cup, can be observed.Fig.62

[0141] This figure shows a cross-sectional view of the suction cup in the closed state. The longitudinal cut of the suction cup valve, designed for controlled folding, is visible. The spring insulation of the suction cup is in a resting state. The two suction cup arms are positioned upwards, ready for the placement of the component. In this figure, the difference in thickness of the valve at the cut location can be seen, with the weakened wall at this point being the factor that allows for controlled folding in this section when the component is present.Fig.63

[0142] This figure shows a cross-sectional view of the suction cup in the closed state. The longitudinal cut of the suction cup valve, designed for controlled folding, is visible. The spring insulation of the suction cup is in a resting state. The two suction cup arms are positioned upwards, ready for the placement of the component. In this figure, the difference in thickness of the valve at the cut location can be seen, with the weakened wall at this point being the factor that allows for controlled folding in this section when the component is present. This figure also shows the angles between the spring insulation plates of the suction cup. The compression of the spring insulation in the presence of the component is due to these plates and the change in angles between them.Fig.64

[0143] This figure shows a cross-sectional view of the suction cup in the closed state. The longitudinal cut of the suction cup valve, designed for controlled folding, is visible. The spring insulation of the suction cup is in a resting state. The two suction cup arms are positioned upwards, ready for the placement of the component. In this figure, the difference in thickness of the valve at the cut location can be seen, with the weakened wall at this point being the factor that allows for controlled folding in this section when the component is present. This figure also shows the angles between the spring insulation plates of the suction cup. The compression of the spring insulation in the presence of the component is due to these plates and the change in angles between them. In this image, the scale and the position of the longitudinal cut of the suction cup valve body are shown. In this state, the valve functions as a one-way air valve and prevents suction from being created.Fig.65

[0144] This figure shows the suction cup in the open state from a cross-sectional view. This figure is shown with the assumption of the component being present, although it is not displayed for better understanding of the position and shape of the suction cup in this state. In this figure, the compression of the suction cup spring due to the presence of the component is visible. The folding of the suction cup valve wall at the weakened section is clear, which occurs due to the movement of the suction cup arms when the component is present.Fig.66

[0145] This figure shows the suction cup in the open state from a cross-sectional view. This figure is shown with the assumption of the component being present, although it is not displayed for better understanding of the position and shape of the suction cup in this state. In this figure, the compression of the suction cup spring due to the presence of the component is visible. The folding of the suction cup valve wall at the weakened section is clear, which occurs due to the movement of the suction cup arms when the component is present. The angles between the spring insulation plates of the suction cup can be seen in this figure. These angles help with sealing and preventing leakage at the junction of the suction cup and the component.Fig.67

[0146] This figure shows the suction cup in the open state from a cross-sectional view. This figure is shown with the assumption of the component being present, although it is not displayed for better understanding of the position and shape of the suction cup in this state. In this figure, the compression of the suction cup spring due to the presence of the component is visible. The folding of the suction cup valve wall at the weakened section is clear, which occurs due to the movement of the suction cup arms when the component is present. The angles between the spring insulation plates of the suction cup can be seen in this figure. These angles help with sealing and preventing leakage at the junction of the suction cup and the component. From this angle, the internal shape of the suction cup valve wall during the presence of the component and its intermediate folding is visible.Fig.68

[0147] This figure shows two suction cups in different states from an external view. This figure is provided for better understanding and visualization of all the lines of the suction cup and the position of its various sections, considering all angles and lines displayed. The change in the position of the arms in the suction cup on the left is due to the presence of the component (the component is Not shown for better understanding of the suction cup parts). This causes the two halves of the suction cup valve to move apart. The folding of the suction cup valve wall at the weakened section can also be seen. The position and scale of the cross-sectional section of the suction cup valve wall, which is created for controlled folding in this section, are visible.Fig.69

[0148] This figure shows two suction cups in different states from an external view. This figure is provided for better understanding and visualization of all the lines of the suction cup and the position of its various sections, considering all angles and lines displayed. The change in the position of the arms in the suction cup on the left is due to the presence of the component (the component is Not shown for better understanding of the suction cup parts), which initiates the movement of the two halves of the suction cup valve apart. The folding of the suction cup valve wall at the weakened section is visible. The position and scale of the cross-sectional section of the suction cup valve wall, created for controlled folding in this section, can be seen. From this angle, the change in the height of the spring insulation of the suction cup due to the presence of the component and in accordance with the permissible movement height is visible. The movement of the arms, and thus the change in the angle of the valve wall, is visible due to the movement of the arms and the longitudinal cut of the body.Fig.70

[0149] This figure shows two suction cups in different states from an external view. This figure is provided for better understanding and visualization of all the lines of the suction cup and the position of its various sections, considering all angles and lines displayed. The change in the position of the arms in the suction cup on the right is due to the presence of the component (the component is Not shown for better understanding of the suction cup parts), which initiates the movement of the two halves of the suction cup valve apart. The folding of the suction cup valve wall at the weakened section is visible. The position and scale of the cross-sectional section of the suction cup valve wall, created for controlled folding in this section, can be seen.Fig.71

[0150] This figure shows two suction cups in different states from an external view, with a cross-sectional cut for better visualization of the shape of the components and their position. This figure is provided for better understanding and visualization of all the lines of the suction cup and the position of its various sections, considering all angles and lines displayed. The change in the position of the arms in the suction cup on the left is due to the presence of the component (the component is Not shown for better understanding of the suction cup parts), which initiates the movement of the two halves of the suction cup valve apart. The folding of the suction cup valve wall at the weakened section is visible. The position and scale of the cross-sectional section of the suction cup valve wall, created for controlled folding in this section, can be seen.Fig.72

[0151] This figure shows a suction cup in the open state. This figure is provided for better understanding and visualization of all the lines of the suction cup and the position of its various sections, considering all angles and lines displayed. It should be noted that this state only occurs when a component is placed on the suction cup; however, the component is not shown in this figure for better visibility of the suction cup parts. The spring insulation of the suction cup in this figure has been compressed, ensuring no air leakage from the contact point between the suction cup and the component. Additionally, the folding of the suction cup from the weakened section of the valve wall and its movement towards the sides and outward is visible.Fig.73

[0152] This figure shows an overall external view of the suction cup in the closed state. This figure is provided for better understanding and visualization of all the lines of the suction cup and the position of its various sections, considering all angles and lines displayed. This state indicates the absence of a component on the suction cup, preventing air flow and ultimately stopping suction in this suction cup. It can be seen that the spring insulation of the suction cup is in a resting state, where the upper edge of the spring insulation is the highest point of the suction cup. In this state, the two halves of the suction cup valve function as a one-way air valve, preventing air flow and suction. In this figure, the longitudinal cut of the suction cup valve body, which is designed for controlled folding of the suction cup, is visible.Fig.74

[0153] This figure shows a three-dimensional external view of the complete assembly of the plates, component, and suction cups in both the open and closed states. This image is simply for displaying the assembly process of the different parts of the assembly. For this example, several suction cups are shown in an assembly along with three plates. The number and size of the suction cups can be changed according to the needs and applications, maintaining the scale.Fig.75

[0154] This figure shows a side view of the complete assembly of the plates, component, and suction cups in both the open and closed states. This image is simply for displaying the assembly process of the different parts of the assembly. For this example, several suction cups are shown in an assembly along with three plates. The number and size of the suction cups can be changed according to the needs and applications, maintaining the scale. In this view, it can be observed that the thickness of the assembly plates is uniform, but it can be changed based on the needs and conditions of use. However, in these changes, the size and scale of the suction cups must be considered to ensure that no disruption occurs in their operation.Fig.76

[0155] This figure shows a three-dimensional external view of the complete assembly of the plates, component, and suction cups. This image is simply for displaying the assembly process of the different parts of the assembly. For this example, several suction cups are shown in an assembly along with three plates. The number and size of the suction cups can be changed according to the needs and applications, maintaining the scale.Fig.77

[0156] This figure shows a side view of the complete assembly of the plates, component, and suction cups. This image is simply for displaying the assembly process of the different parts of the assembly. For this example, several suction cups are shown in an assembly along with three plates. The number and size of the suction cups can be changed according to the needs and applications, maintaining the scale. In this view, it can be observed that the thickness of the assembly plates is uniform, but it can be adjusted based on the needs and conditions of use. However, in these changes, the size and scale of the suction cups must be considered to ensure no disruption in their operation.Fig.78

[0157] This figure shows a cross-sectional view of all the parts of the assembly. This image is provided for better understanding and visualization of all the suction cup lines and the position of their various parts, considering all the angles and lines displayed. It is seen that the suction cups covered by the component have their valve bent outward at a place where the wall is intentionally weaker than the rest of the parts. This is due to the angle and specific shape of the arms, which prevent the two valve walls from moving inward and allow them to move outward. In contrast, the suction cups not covered by the component show that their two arms are pointing upwards, ready to receive the component. As seen, the vertical cut made to weaken the wall in the valve wall does not interfere with the suction cup’s performance when no component is present, and the valve in these suction cups functions as a one-way air valve, preventing air from passing through and creating suction in areas where no component is present. It can also be observed that the combined edges of the upper and middle plates securely hold the suction cups in place. The spring insulation of each suction cup is compressed in the presence of a component and in a resting state when no component is present. In this cross-sectional view, it can be seen that most of the weight of the component placed on the assembly is supported by the plates, which are made of materials with higher resistance than the suction cups, thus preventing irreversible deformation and damage to the suction cups.

[0158] The simplest implementation and practical method is to use this system in CNC machines. In this device, a type of part holding system called vacuum table or suction plate is used. In order to limit the air suction to the part where the desired part is located, this should be done by using rubber and adjusting the suction range. By replacing the old system with this system, limiting the suction to the points where the part is located is done automatically without the need for adjustment by the user. It dramatically increases the speed of changing parts, adjusting the location of the part on the table, limiting the suction flow to the place where the part is, and separating the part from the table.

[0159] As mentioned in the summary of the invention, the application of this invention is very wide and includes automobile manufacturing, turning, air and space, medicine, production line, robotics, etc.

[0160] It is possible to produce a safe and very fast part maintenance system for CNC machines by producing a table covered with tens or hundreds of these suction cups.

[0161] Also, in the production line, by replacing traditional suction cups with this design, the problem of picking up different objects with a robotic arm can be solved.

[0162] In fact, wherever the suction system is used to hold or move objects, by replacing the traditional system with this system, an increase in efficiency and work speed can be seen.

Claims

It is claimed that this set includes the following: the main body that can hold one or more suction cups; the plate containing openings for air passage and the location of the air valve opening lever; the excess placed on the air valve opening lever to prevent it from opening excessively; the one-way air valve produced from a material with relative flexibility; the connection point to the rest of the suction cups in one assembly or connection to the suction device; the rubber part that provides insulation between the part and the suction cup; the pin or arm that opens the air valve when a part is placed on the suction cup; the plates that hold the suction cup; the longitudinal cut in the one-way air valve body to weaken the wall at one point and control bending at that point; and the spring or simple insulation on the suction cup to create insulation between the part and the suction cup.According to claim 1, the one-way air valve opens only when the pin or its special opening arm is compressed by the part placed on the suction cup. Otherwise, the suction created only tightens the two halves of the air valve together, preventing air from passing.According to claim 1, the opening pin or arm is installed in such a way that when it is pushed down by the part, it creates a temporary and reversible path for air to pass through the air valve below it. This path is temporary and does not close due to the suction force.According to claim 2, the path created between the two halves of the air valve is temporary, and after the work is finished, by reversing the air suction direction, the pin and the air valve return to their original state.According to claim 2, if there is no part on the suction cup, the central pin or the arm does not change its position, which prevents air from passing through the suction cup that does not have a part on it.According to claim 3, the central pin or arm becomes active and allows the passage of air when a part is placed on it. Otherwise, the pin or arm is fixed in place, and the passage of air remains closed.According to claim 1, the suction cup can be used individually or as a set. For this case, like the suction table of a CNC machine, it can be considered an example of using a set of these suction cups.According to claims 6 and 7, it is possible to make a cut in the part while it is being held by the suction cup because each suction cup controls the air passage separately. This makes the suction cups that remain connected to the part after making the cut continue to hold the part.According to claim 8, it is possible to store several parts simultaneously without disturbing each other’s performance.According to claim 1, the conical air valve has a cut line in its half, which is pressed together during suction and the absence of the central lever, preventing the passage of air. This cone is opened in the presence of a pin or arm that is moved downward when the part is placed on it, forming a temporary air passage. In the absence of the arm, this valve acts like a normal one-way air valve, which, when faced with the suction force of the two sides, is compressed together, and the components prevent air from passing. This lack of air passage only occurs when suction is created, and it does not resist the force required to return the suction cup to its shape.According to claim 1, the plate containing the air passage holes and the air valve opening pin holding place has a central hole for holding the air valve opening pin and several holes around it for air passage when the air valve is open.According to claim 1, the air valve opening pin is installed in such a way that when the part is placed on it, the pin moves downward and separates the two halves of the air valve from each other.According to claim 1, the ducts on the air passing pin are responsible for creating a temporary and reversible path when a part is placed on the suction cup. These ducts are designed in such a way that the air is not blocked when entering the half of the one-way valve and does not disturb the air path.According to claim 1, due to the fact that creating suction depends on the suction cup being covered by the part, this design prevents contamination from entering the air path. The paths covered by the part prevent contamination from entering, while the uncovered paths do not have air suction.According to claim 1, because air suction is done separately by each suction cup, blocking or failure of one of them does not disrupt the performance of the others or the entire set.According to claim 1, due to the modular design of the suction cups and the production set, it is possible to change the capabilities of the system with minimal changes to the entire set.According to claim 1, due to the point-like nature of the suction, the shape of the held part can be unconventional and non-geometric. The formation of the air passage and the resulting suction depends only on the presence or absence of the part.According to claim 1, the air passing pin is held by a spring below it. The force of this spring is sufficient to overcome the force of gravity on the pin and the friction between the two halves of the valve, but it does not resist the downward movement of the pin when the part is placed on it.According to claim 18, the air path opening arm also relies on the rubber and reversible force of its material after the part is removed, and this can be generalized for all rubber and flexible parts of the assembly.

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