Signal transmission method and apparatus, communication device, and readable storage medium

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of communications, and discloses a signal transmission method and apparatus, a communication device, and a readable storage medium. The signal transmission method of embodiments of the present application comprises: a first device generating a first signal, wherein the first signal comprises at least one signal unit, each signal unit comprises a first part for carrying a spread spectrum signal and a second part for carrying an all-zero signal, and the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part is related to an input bit, or the length of the all-zero signal carried by the second part is related to the input bit, or the ratio or difference between the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part and the length of the all-zero signal carried by the second part is related to the input bit; and respectively transmitting the first signal on a first resource and a second resource.

Description

Signal transmission method and device, communication device, and readable storage medium

[0001] Cross-reference to Related Applications

[0002] The present application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410640808.X, filed on May 22, 2024, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present application belongs to the technical field of communication, and specifically relates to a signal transmission method and device, a communication device, and a readable storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0004] Limited by the hardware capability and device power consumption of low-power devices, such as backscatter communication devices, low-power wake-up devices, etc., low-power devices generally adopt an envelope detection method to implement signal reception. However, envelope detection ignores phase information and is difficult to complete narrowband filtering and other signal processing in the radio frequency domain, thus having poor anti-interference capability, which limits the downlink transmission distance of the low-power communication system. In this case, how to effectively improve the downlink transmission coverage is a problem that needs to be solved at present. SUMMARY

[0005] Embodiments of the present application provide a signal transmission method and device, a communication device, and a readable storage medium, which can solve the problem of how to effectively improve the downlink transmission coverage.

[0006] In a first aspect, a signal transmission method is provided, which is executed by a first device, and the method comprises:

[0007] The first device generates a first signal; wherein the first signal comprises at least one signal unit, each signal unit comprises a first part for carrying a spread spectrum signal and a second part for carrying an all-zero signal, the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part is related to an input bit, or the length of the all-zero signal carried by the second part is related to an input bit; or the ratio or difference between the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part and the length of the all-zero signal carried by the second part is related to an input bit.

[0008] The first device transmits the first signal on a first resource and a second resource, respectively.

[0009] In a second aspect, a signal transmission method is provided, which is executed by a second device, and the method comprises:

[0010] The second device obtains the first signal sent by the first device on the third resource and the fourth resource respectively; wherein, the first signal comprises at least one signal unit, each signal unit comprises a first part for carrying a spread spectrum signal and a second part for carrying an all-0 signal, the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part is related to the input bit, or the length of the all-0 signal carried by the second part is related to the input bit; or the ratio or difference between the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part and the length of the all-0 signal carried by the second part is related to the input bit;

[0011] The second device performs a first operation on the signal obtained on the third resource and the signal obtained on the fourth resource to obtain a second signal;

[0012] The second device demodulates the second signal to obtain the input bit.

[0013] In a third aspect, a signal transmission apparatus is provided, applied to a first device, comprising:

[0014] A generating module is configured to generate a first signal; wherein, the first signal comprises at least one signal unit, each signal unit comprises a first part for carrying a spread spectrum signal and a second part for carrying an all-0 signal, the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part is related to the input bit, or the length of the all-0 signal carried by the second part is related to the input bit; or the ratio or difference between the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part and the length of the all-0 signal carried by the second part is related to the input bit;

[0015] A sending module is configured to send the first signal on a first resource and a second resource respectively.

[0016] In a fourth aspect, a signal transmission apparatus is provided, applied to a second device, comprising:

[0017] An obtaining module is configured to obtain the first signal sent by the first device on a third resource and a fourth resource respectively; wherein, the first signal comprises at least one signal unit, each signal unit comprises a first part for carrying a spread spectrum signal and a second part for carrying an all-0 signal, the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part is related to the input bit, or the length of the all-0 signal carried by the second part is related to the input bit; or the ratio or difference between the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part and the length of the all-0 signal carried by the second part is related to the input bit;

[0018] The processing module is configured to perform a first operation on the signal obtained on the third resource and the signal obtained on the fourth resource to obtain a second signal, and perform demodulation on the second signal to obtain the input bits.

[0019] In a fifth aspect, a signal transmission apparatus is provided, which is configured to perform the steps of the method according to the first aspect, or perform the steps of the method according to the second aspect.

[0020] In a sixth aspect, a communication device is provided, which comprises a processor and a memory, the memory storing programs or instructions executable on the processor, the programs or instructions being executed by the processor to implement the steps of the method according to the first aspect, or implement the steps of the method according to the second aspect.

[0021] In a seventh aspect, a communication device is provided, which comprises a processor and a communication interface. When the communication device is a first device, the processor is configured to generate a first signal, the first signal comprising at least one signal unit, each signal unit comprising a first part for carrying a spread spectrum signal and a second part for carrying an all-zero signal, the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part being related to input bits, or the length of the all-zero signal carried by the second part being related to input bits, or the ratio or difference between the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part and the length of the all-zero signal carried by the second part being related to input bits, and the communication interface is configured to transmit the first signal on a first resource and a second resource, respectively. When the communication device is a second device, the processor is configured to obtain a first signal transmitted by a first device on a third resource and a fourth resource, respectively, the first signal comprising at least one signal unit, each signal unit comprising a first part for carrying a spread spectrum signal and a second part for carrying an all-zero signal, the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part being related to input bits, or the length of the all-zero signal carried by the second part being related to input bits, or the ratio or difference between the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part and the length of the all-zero signal carried by the second part being related to input bits, perform a first operation on the signal obtained on the third resource and the signal obtained on the fourth resource to obtain a second signal, and perform demodulation on the second signal to obtain the input bits.

[0022] In an eighth aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, the readable storage medium storing programs or instructions, the programs or instructions being executed by a processor to implement the steps of the method according to the first aspect, or implement the steps of the method according to the second aspect.

[0023] In a ninth aspect, a wireless communication system is provided, comprising a first device configured to perform the steps of the method according to the first aspect, and a second device configured to perform the steps of the method according to the second aspect.

[0024] In a tenth aspect, a chip is provided, comprising a processor and a communication interface coupled to the processor, the processor configured to execute a program or instructions to implement the steps of the method according to the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method according to the second aspect.

[0025] In an eleventh aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, stored in a storage medium, and executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the method according to the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method according to the second aspect.

[0026] By means of the scheme in the embodiments of the present application, the signal receiving end (such as a low-power device or a weak-capability device) can implement despread with lower implementation complexity by means of the association between the signal units in the first signal and the input bits, so as to obtain a higher receiving signal-to-noise ratio or anti-interference performance, thereby effectively improving the downlink transmission coverage and obtaining a farther transmission coverage performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of a frequency uplink mode of CSS modulation according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of a frequency downlink mode of CSS modulation according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG. 1C is a schematic diagram of a CSS modulation mode according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG. 3 is a flowchart of another signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a scheme of spreading a signal based on CSS according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a scheme of spreading a signal based on CSS according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a scheme of spreading a signal based on a spreading code / spreading sequence according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a scheme for spreading spectrum signals based on CSS in the fourth embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a scheme for spreading spectrum signals based on CSS in the fourth embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a scheme for spreading spectrum signals based on spreading codes / spreading sequences in the fourth embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a signal transmission apparatus provided in the present application;

[0039] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another signal transmission apparatus provided in the present application;

[0040] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0042] The terms "first", "second", and the like in the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second" are generally of a kind and do not limit the number of objects, for example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "or" in the present application means at least one of the connected objects. For example, the protection scope of "A or B" at least covers three schemes, i.e. scheme one: including A and not including B; scheme two: including B and not including A; scheme three: including A and B. In addition, the terms "A and / or B", "at least one of A and B", "at least one of A or B" also at least cover the above three schemes respectively. The character " / " generally represents that the objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0043] The term "indication" in the present application can be a direct indication (or explicit indication) or an indirect indication (or implicit indication). The direct indication can be understood as that the sender explicitly informs the receiver of specific information, operations to be performed or requested results, etc. in the indication sent by the sender. The indirect indication can be understood as that the receiver determines the corresponding information according to the indication sent by the sender, or judges and determines the operations to be performed or the requested results according to the judgment result.

[0044] It is worth noting that the techniques described in embodiments of the present application are not limited to Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, and can be applicable to other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) or other systems. The terms “system” and “network” are often used interchangeably in embodiments of the present application, and the described techniques can be applicable to the above-mentioned systems and radio technologies, as well as other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes a New Radio (NR) system for the purpose of example, and NR terminology is used in most of the following description, but these techniques can also be applied to systems other than NR systems, such as 6th Generation (6G) communication systems. th Generation,6G) communication systems.

[0045] In order to facilitate understanding of embodiments of the present application, the following is first described.

[0046] Backscatter Communication (BSC) refers to a backscatter communication device using radio frequency signals in other devices or the environment for signal modulation to transmit its own information, which is a typical passive Internet of Things device. The basic composition modules and main functions of the backscatter communication sending end include:

[0047] - Antenna unit: used for receiving radio frequency signals, control commands, and at the same time for sending modulated backscatter signals.

[0048] - Energy harvesting module or power supply module: this module is used for radio frequency energy harvesting of the backscatter communication device, or other energy harvesting, including but not limited to solar energy, kinetic energy, mechanical energy, thermal energy, etc. In addition to including an energy harvesting module, it can also include a battery power supply module, at which time the backscatter communication device is a semi-passive device. The energy harvesting module or power supply module supplies power to all other modules in the device.

[0049] - Microcontroller: including controlling baseband signal processing, energy storage or data scheduling state, switch switching, system synchronization, etc.

[0050] - Signal receiving module: for demodulating control commands or data, etc. sent by the reverse scattering communication receiving end or other network nodes.

[0051] - Encoding and modulation module: channel encoding and signal modulation are carried out under the control of the controller, and modulation is realized by selecting different load impedances under the control of the controller through the selection switch.

[0052] - Memory or sensing module: for storing identification ID information, location information or sensing data, etc. of the device.

[0053] In addition to the above typical constituent modules, the future reverse scattering communication sending end can also integrate tunnel diode amplifier module, low noise amplifier module, etc. to improve the receiving sensitivity and sending power of the sending end.

[0054] Optionally, the basic constituent modules and main functions of the reverse scattering communication receiving end include:

[0055] - Antenna unit: for receiving modulated backscatter signals.

[0056] - Backscatter signal detection module: for detecting backscatter signals sent by the reverse scattering communication sending end, including but not limited to amplitude shift keying (ASK) detection, phase shift keying (PSK) detection, frequency shift keying (FSK) detection or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) detection, etc.

[0057] - Demodulation and decoding module: demodulating and decoding the detected signals to recover the original information stream.

[0058] The reverse scattering communication device controls the reflection coefficient Γ of the modulation circuit by adjusting its internal impedance, thereby changing the amplitude, frequency, phase, etc. of the incident signal, realizing the modulation of the signal. The reverse scattering communication device can be a tag in the traditional radio frequency identification (RFID), or a passive or semi-passive Internet of Things (IoT) device. Here, the reverse scattering communication device can be collectively referred to as a BSC device.

[0059] Spread spectrum transmission is a common signal transmission method in communication systems, which mainly includes three ways: direct sequence spread spectrum, frequency hopping spread spectrum and linear frequency modulation. The essence of spread spectrum transmission is to reduce the requirement of signal-to-noise ratio by increasing the bandwidth of the signal, so as to improve the anti-interference ability of the communication system. Taking the direct sequence spread spectrum as an example, the direct sequence spread spectrum system spreads the information (or bits) to be sent with a pseudo-random noise (PN) sequence to a very wide frequency band, thereby generating a spread spectrum signal and sending it to the receiving end; the receiving end uses the same pseudo-random sequence as the sending end to correlate the received spread spectrum signal, and restores the original information. Since the interference existing in the system is not related to the pseudo-random sequence, the spectrum will be widened after the pseudo-random despreading at the receiving end, so that the power of the interference signal falling within the signal frequency band is greatly reduced, thereby improving the output signal-to-noise ratio / signal-to-interference noise ratio of the system.

[0060] At the sending end, assuming that the symbol width of the input signal is where R a represents the rate, the input signal can be represented as:

[0061] where a n is the information code, g a (·) is a window function. The pseudo-random sequence is a sequence with certain random characteristics, and has good autocorrelation and cross-correlation characteristics. Assuming that the rate of the random sequence is R c , and R c >>R a , the pseudo-random sequence is represented as:

[0062] where c n is a random symbol. Multiplying the secondary spread spectrum code with the original information a(t) with a lower code rate, the spread spectrum signal with spectrum widening can be obtained:

[0063] After carrier modulation of the expanded sequence, the spread spectrum signal can be obtained, as shown below: s(t) = d(t)cos(2πf c t)

[0064] The receiving end receives this spread spectrum signal, which is represented as: r(t) = s(t) + n(t)

[0065] where n(t) is interference and noise. In order to restore the original signal, the receiving end performs frequency down-conversion and then multiplies the received signal with the same spread spectrum code sequence as the sending end to perform despreading, and obtains:

[0066] ​The noise component and the interference component contained in the received end signal are spread after the spread spectrum code despreading, the spectrum is spread, the power corresponding to the effective signal band is reduced, and the power of the original signal is unchanged, so that the signal-to-noise ratio is improved. In addition, since the symbol rate of the spread spectrum interference signal is much higher than that of the baseband signal, the interference can be further eliminated by a low-pass filter.

[0067] For a spread spectrum communication system, due to its good anti-interference performance, the required signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is very low under the same bit error rate (BER). This means that under the same sending power of the sending end, the device can complete signal despreading with very small SNR. According to the link budget principle, the MCL margin of the sending device to the receiving device is large, so that a longer distance transmission can be achieved.

[0068] Chirp modulation, also known as Chirp spread spectrum (CSS) modulation, mainly uses a linear frequency modulation signal to carry information bits, and its essence is also a spread spectrum communication. Specifically, the CSS modulation signal is divided into an up-chirp mode (as shown in FIG. 1A) and a down-chirp mode (as shown in FIG. 1B). When using the up-chirp mode, the frequency of the CSS modulation signal increases with time; when using the down-chirp mode, the frequency of the CSS modulation signal decreases with time. However, the frequency of the CSS modulation signal is periodically changed between a low frequency f1 and a high frequency f2 along a certain rule, the sweep bandwidth is BW = f2-f1, the sweep time is T s , and the sweep slope is If the Chirp signal is expressed by a baseband signal, the up-chirp signal and the down-chirp signal can be expressed as:

[0069] The two chirp signals described above, whether in the up-chirp mode or the down-chirp mode, cannot directly transmit information bits. Therefore, the CSS modulation actually realizes different information transmission by changing the initial frequency of the pilot. Since the initial frequency of the scan is changed, the frequency linear growth will exceed the specified scan termination frequency f2 or f1 in the entire symbol scan period. At this time, the CSS modulation specifies that once the scan frequency exceeds the upper limit frequency f2 or the lower limit frequency f1 of the scan, the subsequent scan frequency is directly reduced by the bandwidth (BW) or the subsequent scan frequency is added by the BW.

[0070] Based on the parameters used in CSS modulation, several important parameters are defined, such as the spreading factor (SF), chip, and symbol rate / chip rate, as explained below.

[0071] (1) Spreading Factor (SF):

[0072] The spreading factor represents the number of information bits contained in each symbol, which is equivalent to spreading one symbol to 2^35. SF Transmission occurs on individual chips, and different symbols are mapped to different CSS modulation initial frequencies. For example, with SF=2, a symbol can contain a maximum of 2 bits and can represent 2^32 / ... 2 = 4 values, such as 0 to 3, and the number of chips is 4. Taking up-chirp mode as an example, within one frequency rise cycle, the variable frequency range can be divided into 2 SF Each code chip.

[0073] (2) Chip rate, or symbol rate:

[0074] The chip rate, or transmission rate per chip, can be expressed as: R c =BW

[0075] The transmission time for each chip is:

[0076] Since each CSS symbol has 2 SF Therefore, the symbol transmission time is: (number of chips)

[0077] Based on the above definition, the slope of the linear frequency increase in CSS modulation is:

[0078] Referring to Figure 1C, the four symbols of CSS modulation are given as an example with SF=2. Symbol 1 starts at frequency f1 and increases linearly to f2, representing bit 00; symbol 2 starts at frequency... It first increases linearly to f2 with a frequency of f1, and then increases linearly to f2 again with a starting frequency of f1. Representing bit 01; the starting frequency of symbol 3 is It first increases linearly to f2 with a frequency of f1, and then increases linearly to f2 again with a starting frequency of f1. The symbol represents bit 10; the starting frequency of symbol 4 is... It first increases linearly to f2 with a frequency of f1, and then increases linearly to f2 again with a starting frequency of f1. The characteristic bits 11 are demodulated. Therefore, if the starting frequency of the corresponding symbol can be demodulated, and the starting frequency is mapped to the symbol, the input bits before CSS modulation can be obtained.

[0079] The spread spectrum transmission mode can effectively improve the transmission coverage. However, when the receiver performs despreading, the receiver needs to generate a despreading sequence and multiply the received signal to complete the despreading signal processing. In order to realize the despreading processing, the receiver needs a high-frequency oscillator, a frequency multiplier (Phase-Locked Loop, PLL) and other high-power devices to generate the despreading sequence and perform the despreading processing, so that the power consumption is high or the receiving complexity is high. Similarly, the CSS transmission can also effectively resist interference, thereby effectively improving the communication transmission distance. However, when the receiver performs CSS signal despreading, the receiver needs to generate a base signal conjugate to the modulation base signal, and also needs a high-frequency oscillator, a frequency multiplier and other high-power devices to complete the despreading, so that the power consumption is high or the receiving complexity is high. Therefore, how to ensure low complexity or low power consumption of the device while enabling the low-power device to obtain spread spectrum gain and thereby effectively improve the downlink transmission coverage is also a problem to be solved in the scheme.

[0080] Optionally, the scheme can be applied to an LTE system, a 5G NR system, and an NR evolution system such as a 6G system and a 6G evolution system, and an Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 system (such as a Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) system), a Bluetooth system, a Long Range (LoRa) system, a Zigbee system, a Low Power Wake-Up Sensor (LP-WUS) / Wake-Up Receiver system (WUR) system, a backscatter communication system, a low-power Internet of Things system, an Ambient Internet of Things (Ambient IoT) communication system, and the like.

[0081] The signal transmission method, device, communication device and readable storage medium provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail in combination with the accompanying drawings and some embodiments and application scenarios.

[0082] Please refer to Fig. 2, which is a flow chart of a signal transmission method provided in the embodiments of the present application, the method is executed by a first device, which can be an access network device such as a base station, a terminal device such as a UE, a relay device, etc. As shown in Fig. 2, the method comprises the following steps:

[0083] Step 21: The first device generates a first signal; the first signal comprises at least one signal unit, each signal unit comprises a first part for carrying a spread spectrum signal and a second part for carrying an all-0 signal; the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part is related to the input bit, or the length of the all-0 signal carried by the second part is related to the input bit; or the ratio or difference between the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part and the length of the all-0 signal carried by the second part is related to the input bit.

[0084] Step 22: The first device transmits the first signal on the first resource and the second resource respectively.

[0085] Through the scheme in the embodiments of the present application, by reasonably setting the first signal and transmitting the first signal on the first resource and the second resource respectively, the signal receiving end (such as a low-power device or a weak-capability device) can use the first signal transmitted on the first resource and the second resource to realize despread with lower implementation complexity, and use the association between the signal unit in the first signal and the input bit to realize demodulation with lower implementation complexity, thereby obtaining a higher received signal-to-noise ratio or anti-interference performance, thereby effectively improving the downlink transmission coverage and obtaining a longer transmission coverage performance.

[0086] In the embodiments of the present application, the input bit can comprise at least one of the following:

[0087] The input bit after channel coding;

[0088] The input bit after line coding;

[0089] The input bit after source coding.

[0090] Optionally, each signal unit in the first signal at least satisfies at least one of the following:

[0091] (1) The length of the signal unit is fixed; for example, the length of each signal unit is l, and the corresponding unit can be a sampling point, a symbol, a time slot, a microsecond, a millisecond, etc.

[0092] (2) when the input bit is a first value, a length of a spread spectrum signal carried by the first part of the signal unit is a third value, and a length of an all-0 signal carried by the second part of the signal unit is a fourth value; or when the input bit is a second value, a length of a spread spectrum signal carried by the first part of the signal unit is a fifth value, and a length of an all-0 signal carried by the second part of the signal unit is a sixth value; wherein the third value is not equal to the fifth value, and the fourth value is not equal to the sixth value;

[0093] Optionally, the first value is equal to 0, and the second value is equal to 1; or the first value is equal to 1, and the second value is equal to 0. For example, when the input bit is 1, the length of the spread spectrum signal is m1 (m1>0), the length of the all-0 signal is n1 (n1>0), and l=m1+n1; and when the input bit is 0, the length of the spread spectrum signal is m2 (m2>0), the length of the all-0 signal is n2 (n2>0), and l=m1+n1, while m1≠m2 and n1≠n2.

[0094] (3) the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part of the signal unit includes but is not limited to at least one of the following: unipolar spread spectrum code or spread spectrum sequence, bipolar spread spectrum code or spread spectrum sequence, binary or binary spread spectrum code, binary or binary spread spectrum sequence, multi-element or multi-ary spread spectrum code, multi-element or multi-ary spread spectrum sequence, reference Chirp signal, CSS signal, Long Range Radio (LoRa) signal. For example, the binary or binary spread spectrum code / spread spectrum sequence can be selected from a Random sequence, a Kasami sequence, a ZC sequence, an m-sequence, a Gold sequence, a Golay sequence, a Walsh sequence, a Hadamard sequence, a Walsh-Hadamard sequence, an orthogonal code, a variable-length orthogonal code, etc.

[0095] Optionally, the first resource and the second resource are different, and at least one of the following is different between the first resource and the second resource:

[0096] (a) time domain resource, such as including frame, subframe, time slot, symbol, minute, second, millisecond, microsecond, etc.;

[0097] (b) frequency domain resource, such as including frequency, bandwidth, Subcarrier Spacing (SCS), Resource Block (RB), Resource Block Group (RBG), Bandwidth Part (BWP), etc.;

[0098] (c) space domain resource, such as including antenna, code word, layer, antenna port, etc.;

[0099] (d) Polarization resources, such as including vertical linear polarization, horizontal linear polarization, left-handed circular polarization, right-handed circular polarization, etc.

[0100] (e) Angular momentum resources, such as including spin angular momentum, orbital angular momentum, etc.

[0101] In the embodiments of the present application, the first device can generate the first signal according to the configured / instructed information. The above-mentioned generation of the first signal can include:

[0102] The first device generates the first signal according to the first information. The first information is information related to the generation of the first signal, and the first information can include but is not limited to at least one of the following:

[0103] (I) The type of the spread spectrum signal in the first signal, such as including but not limited to: binary spread spectrum code / spread spectrum sequence, multi-element spread spectrum code / spread spectrum sequence, Chirp signal, CSS sequence, etc. The binary spread spectrum code / spread spectrum sequence is, for example, Random sequence, Kasami sequence, ZC sequence, m-sequence, Gold sequence, Golay sequence, Walsh sequence, Hadamard sequence, Walsh-Hadamard sequence, orthogonal code, variable-length orthogonal code, etc.

[0104] (II) The length of the spread spectrum signal in each signal unit corresponding to the input bit being the first value (such as 1);

[0105] (III) The length of the all-0 signal in each signal unit corresponding to the input bit being the first value (such as 1);

[0106] (IV) The length of the spread spectrum signal in each signal unit corresponding to the input bit being the second value (such as 0);

[0107] (IIV) The length of the all-0 signal in each signal unit corresponding to the input bit being the second value (such as 0);

[0108] (IIIV) The length l of each signal unit in the first signal;

[0109] (V) The code rate or chip rate of the spread spectrum signal in the first signal;

[0110] (VI) The identifier related to each signal unit in the first signal, which is used to indicate the information of the related signal unit. Each identifier is one-to-one corresponding to the spread spectrum signal type, signal unit length, spread spectrum signal length or all-0 signal length of the corresponding signal unit, and the corresponding relationship can be system pre-configuration or protocol specification;

[0111] (VII) The signal length of the first signal;

[0112] (VIII) the number of signal units included in the first signal;

[0113] (IX) the transmission power or average power of the first signal.

[0114] In the embodiments of the present application, the first device can transmit the first signal according to the configured / instructed information. The above-mentioned transmitting the first signal on the first resource and the second resource respectively can include:

[0115] The first device transmits the first signal on the first resource and the second resource respectively according to the second information; the second information is information related to the transmission of the first signal, and the second information can include but is not limited to at least one of the following:

[0116] resource information related to the first resource;

[0117] resource information related to the second resource.

[0118] In an optional embodiment, the second information can only include the resource information related to the first resource; in this case, the resource information related to the second resource can be obtained by means of the difference between the first resource and the second resource and the preconfigured information, and so on, and then the first signal is transmitted on the first resource and the second resource respectively.

[0119] In another optional embodiment, the third information can only include the resource information related to the second resource; in this case, the resource information related to the first resource can be obtained by means of the difference between the first resource and the second resource and the preconfigured information, and so on, and then the first signal is transmitted on the first resource and the second resource respectively.

[0120] In another optional embodiment, the third information can include the resource information related to the first resource and the resource information related to the second resource, and then the first signal is transmitted on the first resource and the second resource respectively.

[0121] Optionally, the resource information related to the first resource can include but is not limited to at least one of the following:

[0122] time domain resource information, such as information including frame, subframe, time slot, symbol, minute, second, millisecond, microsecond, and the like;

[0123] frequency domain resource information, such as information including frequency, bandwidth, SCS, RB, RBG, BWP, comb pattern size, and the like;

[0124] spatial domain resource information, such as information including antenna, codeword, layer, antenna port, and the like;

[0125] Polarization resource information, such as information including vertical linear polarization, horizontal linear polarization, left-handed circular polarization, right-handed circular polarization, and the like;

[0126] Angular momentum resource information, such as information including spin angular momentum, orbital angular momentum, and the like;

[0127] Time-frequency domain periodicity parameters, such as information including time domain periodicity, frequency domain periodicity, and the like;

[0128] First pattern information related to time-frequency domain resources, the first pattern information being used to indicate related time-frequency domain resources, each first pattern information corresponding to specific time domain resources and frequency domain resources, and the like, and the corresponding relationship can be pre-configured by the system or specified by a protocol.

[0129] Optionally, the resource information related to the second resource can include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following:

[0130] Time domain resource information, such as information including frame, subframe, time slot, symbol, minute, second, millisecond, microsecond, and the like;

[0131] Frequency domain resource information, such as information including frequency, bandwidth, SCS, RB, RBG, BWP, Comb size, and the like;

[0132] Spatial domain resource information, such as information including antenna, codeword, layer, antenna port, and the like;

[0133] Polarization resource information, such as information including vertical linear polarization, horizontal linear polarization, left-handed circular polarization, right-handed circular polarization, and the like;

[0134] Angular momentum resource information, such as information including spin angular momentum, orbital angular momentum, and the like;

[0135] Time-frequency domain periodicity parameters, such as information including time domain periodicity, frequency domain periodicity, and the like;

[0136] Second pattern information related to time-frequency domain resources, the second pattern information being used to indicate related time-frequency domain resources; each second pattern information corresponding to specific time domain resources and frequency domain resources, and the like, and the corresponding relationship can be pre-configured by the system or specified by a protocol.

[0137] Optionally, the device for configuring or indicating the first information / second information can include at least one of the following: the first device, the second device (i.e., the receiving device of the first signal), and a third device (such as a network side device, and the like) different from the first device and the second device. For example, the device for configuring / indicating the first information and the device for configuring / indicating the second information can be the same device, or can be different devices.

[0138] Please refer to Fig. 3, which is a flow chart of a signal transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application, the method is executed by a second device, which can be a backscatter communication device, a low-power wake-up device or other low-power device or weak-capability device. As shown in Fig. 3, the method comprises the following steps:

[0139] Step 31: The second device obtains a first signal transmitted by the first device on a third resource and a fourth resource respectively; the first signal comprises at least one signal unit, each signal unit comprises a first part for carrying a spread spectrum signal and a second part for carrying an all-0 signal; the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part is related to the input bit, or the length of the all-0 signal carried by the second part is related to the input bit; or the ratio or difference between the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part and the length of the all-0 signal carried by the second part is related to the input bit;

[0140] Step 32: The second device performs a first operation on the signal obtained on the third resource and the signal obtained on the fourth resource to obtain a second signal;

[0141] Step 33: The second device demodulates the second signal to obtain the input bit.

[0142] In the embodiment of the present application, the input bit can comprise at least one of the following:

[0143] The input bit after channel coding;

[0144] The input bit after line coding;

[0145] The input bit after source coding.

[0146] Optionally, each signal unit in the first signal at least satisfies at least one of the following:

[0147] (1) The length of the signal unit is fixed; for example, the length of each signal unit is l, and the corresponding unit can be sampling point, symbol, time slot, microsecond, millisecond, etc.

[0148] (2) When the input bit is a first value, the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part in the signal unit is a third value, and the length of the all-0 signal carried by the second part in the signal unit is a fourth value; or when the input bit is a second value, the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part in the signal unit is a fifth value, and the length of the all-0 signal carried by the second part in the signal unit is a sixth value; wherein the third value is not equal to the fifth value, and the fourth value is not equal to the sixth value.

[0149] Optionally, the first value is equal to 0 and the second value is equal to 1, or the first value is equal to 1 and the second value is equal to 0. For example, when the input bit is 1, the length of the spread spectrum signal is m1 (m1>0), the length of the all-0 signal is n1 (n1>0), and l=m1+n1; and when the input bit is 0, the length of the spread spectrum signal is m2 (m2>0), the length of the all-0 signal is n2 (n2>0), and l=m1+n1, while m1≠m2 and n1≠n2.

[0150] (3) The spread spectrum signal carried by the first part of the signal unit includes but is not limited to at least one of the following: unipolar spread spectrum code or sequence, bipolar spread spectrum code or sequence, binary or binary spread spectrum code, binary or binary spread spectrum sequence, multi-element or multi-ary spread spectrum code, multi-element or multi-ary spread spectrum sequence, reference Chirp signal, CSS signal, LoRa signal. For example, the binary or binary spread spectrum code / sequence can be selected from a Random sequence, a Kasami sequence, a ZC sequence, an m-sequence, a Gold sequence, a Golay sequence, a Walsh sequence, a Hadamard sequence, a Walsh-Hadamard sequence, an orthogonal code, a variable-length orthogonal code, etc.

[0151] Optionally, the first operation can satisfy at least one of the following:

[0152] a) When the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a binary or binary unipolar spread spectrum code, or the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a binary or binary spread spectrum sequence, the first operation is an exclusive or operation;

[0153] b) When the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a binary or binary bipolar spread spectrum code, or the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a binary or binary bipolar spread spectrum sequence, the first operation is a product operation;

[0154] c) When the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a multi-element or multi-ary spread spectrum code, or the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a multi-element or multi-ary spread spectrum sequence, the first operation is a multi-element operation; the multi-element operation can be selected from but not limited to a multi-element multiplication operation, a multi-element division operation, a multi-element addition operation, a multi-element subtraction operation, a multi-element exclusive or operation, a multi-element exclusive or operation, etc.;

[0155] d) When the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a reference Chirp signal, the first operation is a conjugate product operation;

[0156] e) When the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a CSS signal, the first operation is a conjugate product operation;

[0157] f) when the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a LoRa signal, the first operation is a conjugate multiplication operation.

[0158] For a) to c) above, since the two first signals obtained by the second device are the same spread spectrum code / spread spectrum sequence with good autocorrelation characteristics, after performing the first operation, when demodulating the obtained second signal, the bit sent by the first device can be determined to be 1 or 0 by accumulating or averaging the signal energy of the signal, for example: if the cumulative signal energy E total satisfies 0≤E total <E1, the transmitted bit is 0; and if the cumulative signal energy E total satisfies E1≤E total <E2, the transmitted bit is 1; where E1 is the cumulative signal energy in one signal unit corresponding to the transmission of bit 0, and E2 is the cumulative signal energy in one signal unit corresponding to the transmission of bit 1. For another example: if the average signal energy E avage satisfies 0≤E avage <E3, the transmitted bit is 0; and if the average signal energy E avage satisfies E3≤E avage <E4, the transmitted bit is 1; where E3 is the average signal energy in one signal unit corresponding to the transmission of bit 0, and E4 is the average signal energy in one signal unit corresponding to the transmission of bit 1. In addition, other possible determination methods can also be used, and the present application scheme is not limited in this regard.

[0159] For d) to f) above, after performing the first operation, when demodulating the obtained second signal, the bit sent by the first device can also be determined to be 1 or 0 by accumulating or averaging the signal energy of the signal. In addition, other possible determination methods can also be used, and the present application scheme is not limited in this regard.

[0160] Through the scheme in the embodiments of the present application, by reasonably setting the first signal and the first operation, the second device (such as a low-power device or a weak-capability device) can associate the signal unit in the first signal with the input bit to realize despread with lower implementation complexity, thereby obtaining higher received signal-to-noise ratio or anti-interference performance, thereby effectively improving the downlink transmission coverage and obtaining a longer transmission coverage performance.

[0161] Optionally, the third resource and the fourth resource are different, and at least one of the following is different between the third resource and the fourth resource:

[0162] (a) time domain resource, such as including frame, subframe, time slot, symbol, minute, second, millisecond, microsecond, etc.;

[0163] (b) frequency domain resources, such as including frequency, bandwidth, subcarrier spacing SCS, resource block RB, resource block group RBG, bandwidth part BWP, etc.;

[0164] (c) spatial domain resources, such as including antenna, codeword, layer, antenna port, etc.;

[0165] (d) polarization resources, such as including vertical linear polarization, horizontal linear polarization, left-handed circular polarization, right-handed circular polarization, etc.;

[0166] (e) angular momentum resources, such as including spin angular momentum, orbital angular momentum, etc.

[0167] Optionally, the third resource is different from the first resource at least in time resource; and the fourth resource is different from the second resource at least in time resource.

[0168] In the embodiments of the present application, the second device can determine the appropriate first operation according to the configured / instructed information. The first operation on the signal obtained on the third resource and the signal obtained on the fourth resource can include:

[0169] The second device performs the first operation on the signal obtained on the third resource and the signal obtained on the fourth resource according to the third information; the third information is information related to signal demodulation / despreading, and the third information can include at least one of the following:

[0170] I) the type of the spreading signal in the first signal, such as including but not limited to: binary spreading code / spreading sequence, multi-element spreading code / spreading sequence, Chirp signal, CSS sequence, etc.; the binary spreading code / spreading sequence is, for example, Random sequence, Kasami sequence, ZC sequence, m-sequence, Gold sequence, Golay sequence, Walsh sequence, Hadamard sequence, Walsh-Hadamard sequence, orthogonal code, variable-length orthogonal code, etc.

[0171] II) the length of the spreading signal in each signal unit corresponding to the input bit being the first value (such as 1);

[0172] III) the length of the all-0 signal in each signal unit corresponding to the input bit being the first value (such as 1);

[0173] IV) the length of the spreading signal in each signal unit corresponding to the input bit being the second value (such as 0);

[0174] IIV) the length of the all-0 signal in each signal unit corresponding to the input bit being the second value (such as 0);

[0175] II IV) length l of each signal unit in the first signal;

[0176] V) code rate or chip rate of the spread spectrum signal in the first signal;

[0177] VI) identifier related to each signal unit in the first signal, the identifier being used to indicate information of the related signal unit; each identifier is one-to-one corresponding to the spread spectrum signal type, signal unit length, spread spectrum signal length or all-0 signal length of the corresponding signal unit, and the corresponding relationship can be preconfigured by the system or specified by the protocol;

[0178] VII) signal length of the first signal;

[0179] Ⅷ) number of signal units included in the first signal.

[0180] Optionally, the above-mentioned obtaining the first signal sent by the first device on the third resource and the fourth resource respectively can comprise:

[0181] The second device obtains the first signal sent by the first device on the third resource and the fourth resource respectively according to fourth information; the fourth information is information related to the reception of the first signal, and the fourth information can comprise at least one of the following:

[0182] resource information related to the third resource;

[0183] resource information related to the fourth resource.

[0184] In an optional embodiment, the fourth information can only comprise the resource information related to the third resource; in this case, the resource information related to the fourth resource can be obtained by means of the difference between the third resource and the fourth resource and preconfigured information, and so on, and then the first signal sent by the first device on the third resource and the fourth resource respectively can be obtained.

[0185] In another optional embodiment, the fourth information can only comprise the resource information related to the fourth resource; in this case, the resource information related to the third resource can be obtained by means of the difference between the third resource and the fourth resource and preconfigured information, and so on, and then the first signal sent by the first device on the third resource and the fourth resource respectively can be obtained.

[0186] In another optional embodiment, the fourth information can comprise the resource information related to the third resource and the resource information related to the fourth resource, so that the first signal sent by the first device on the third resource and the fourth resource respectively can be obtained according to the fourth information.

[0187] Optionally, the resource information related to the third resource can comprise at least one of the following:

[0188] Time domain resource information, such as information including frame, subframe, slot, symbol, minute, second, millisecond, microsecond, etc.

[0189] Frequency domain resource information, such as information including frequency, bandwidth, SCS, RB, RBG, BWP, Comb size, etc.

[0190] Space domain resource information, such as information including antenna, codeword, layer, antenna port, etc.

[0191] Polarization resource information, such as information including vertical linear polarization, horizontal linear polarization, left-handed circular polarization, right-handed circular polarization, etc.

[0192] Angular momentum resource information, such as information including spin angular momentum, orbital angular momentum, etc.

[0193] Time-frequency domain periodicity parameter, such as information including time domain periodicity, frequency domain periodicity, etc.

[0194] Third mode information related to time-frequency domain resource, the third mode information is used for indicating related time-frequency domain resource, each third mode information corresponds to specific time domain resource and frequency domain resource, etc., and the corresponding correspondence can be pre-configured by the system or specified by the protocol.

[0195] Optionally, the resource information related to the fourth resource can include at least one of the following:

[0196] Time domain resource information, such as information including frame, subframe, slot, symbol, minute, second, millisecond, microsecond, etc.

[0197] Frequency domain resource information, such as information including frequency, bandwidth, SCS, RB, RBG, BWP, Comb size, etc.

[0198] Space domain resource information, such as information including antenna, codeword, layer, antenna port, etc.

[0199] Polarization resource information, such as information including vertical linear polarization, horizontal linear polarization, left-handed circular polarization, right-handed circular polarization, etc.

[0200] Angular momentum resource information, such as information including spin angular momentum, orbital angular momentum, etc.

[0201] Time-frequency domain periodicity parameter, such as information including time domain periodicity, frequency domain periodicity, etc.

[0202] Fourth mode information related to time-frequency domain resource, the fourth mode information is used for indicating related time-frequency domain resource, each third mode information corresponds to specific time domain resource and frequency domain resource, etc., and the corresponding correspondence can be pre-configured by the system or specified by the protocol.

[0203] Optionally, the device configured or instructed to send the third information / fourth information can include at least one of the following: the first device, the second device (i.e., the receiving device of the first signal), a third device (such as a network side device, etc.) different from the first device and the second device. For example, the device configured / instructed to send the third information and the device configured / instructed to send the fourth information can be the same device or different devices.

[0204] The present application will be described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0205] Embodiment One

[0206] In this embodiment one, taking the spread spectrum signal in the first signal as the CSS signal as an example, the corresponding modulation and demodulation processes are given.

[0207] As shown in FIG. 4, the first device transmits the first signal with the same parameters using the first resource and the second resource, respectively, wherein the time domain resources of the first resource and the second resource are completely the same, but the first resource and the second resource differ by Δf in the frequency domain at the same time when there is a spread spectrum signal, or at the same time, the first resource and the second resource transmit the CSS signal with the same slope but different initial frequencies Δf. Whether the first device transmits the two first signals through the same or different spatial resources, polarization resources, angular momentum resources, etc. is not limited in this embodiment.

[0208] Suppose the time length of each signal unit of the first signal is l, the time length unit of the signal unit can be sampling points, symbols, time slots, subframes, etc., or absolute time units such as microseconds, milliseconds, seconds, minutes, etc., then the signal unit in the first signal satisfies the following characteristics:

[0209] (a) The signal unit representing bit 1 satisfies:

[0210] Wherein k represents the kth signal unit, and: f2(CSS2(t))-f1(CSS1(t))=Δf,kl≤t≤kl+m1-1

[0211] Wherein μ1 represents the frequency slope of the CSS signal in bit 1, f2(CSS2(t)) represents the frequency f2 of the CSS signal on the second resource at time t, and f1(CSS1(t)) represents the frequency f1 of the CSS signal on the first resource at time t.

[0212] (b) The signal unit representing bit 0 satisfies:

[0213] Wherein k represents the kth signal unit, and: f2(CSS2(t))-f1(CSS1(t))=Δf,kl≤t≤kl+m2-1

[0214] wherein μ2 represents the frequency slope of the CSS signal in bit 0, f2(CSS2(t)) represents the frequency f2 of the CSS signal on the second resource at time t, and f1(CSS1(t)) represents the frequency f1 of the CSS signal on the first resource at time t.

[0215] The second device obtains two routes of the first signal respectively on the third resource and the fourth resource, wherein the time domain resources of the third resource and the fourth resource are completely same, but the third resource and the fourth resource are different by Δf in the frequency domain at the same time when there is a spread spectrum signal, or the third resource and the fourth resource obtain the CSS signal with the same slope but different initial frequencies Δf at the same time. Whether the second device obtains the two routes of the first signal through the same or different space domain resources, polarization resources, angular momentum resources, etc. is not limited by the present application.

[0216] Suppose that the two routes of the first signal obtained on the third resource and the fourth resource are y1(t) and y2(t) respectively:

[0217] wherein k represents the kth signal unit, m∈{m1,m2} represents that the value of m is m1 or m2, and:

[0218] wherein f∈{f1,f2} represents that the value of f is f1 or f2, and μ∈{μ1,μ2} represents that the value of μ is μ1 or μ2.

[0219] When de-spreading, the second device multiplies the two routes of the first signal obtained on the third resource and the fourth resource through a mixer to obtain a signal:

[0220] According to the calculation result, since the high harmonic energy in z(t) is very weak, it can be ignored, and thus only the first, second, third and other harmonics need to be considered. The first harmonic of them is the effective signal s(t) containing the original input bit, and its frequency is a signal related to the frequency difference Δf of the two routes of the first signal, which is represented as: s(t)=h(Δf,t)

[0221] Since the length of the spread spectrum signal in each signal unit is different when the first device transmits bit 1 and bit 0, it also means that the length of s(t) in each signal unit is also different after the corresponding mixing or multiplication processing, i.e. m1 and m2, so the receiving end can determine whether the first device transmits bit 1 or bit 0 by judging the length of s(t):

[0222] Wherein, the signal length of signal s(t) can be judged by calculating the number of signal ADC sampling points with frequency of Δf.

[0223] In another decision scheme, the cumulative signal energy of s(t) in each signal unit can be calculated to decide whether the first device transmits bit 1 or bit 0:

[0224] Wherein, E1 is the cumulative signal energy of signal s(t) in a corresponding signal unit when transmitting bit 0, and E2 is the cumulative signal energy of signal s(t) in a corresponding signal unit when transmitting bit 1. Specifically, the cumulative signal energy of the signal can be counted by an integrator.

[0225] In another decision scheme, the average signal energy of s(t) in each signal unit can be calculated to decide whether the first device transmits bit 1 or bit 0:

[0226] Wherein, E3 is the average signal energy of signal s(t) in a corresponding signal unit when transmitting bit 0, and E4 is the average signal energy of signal s(t) in a corresponding signal unit when transmitting bit 1. Specifically, the average signal energy of the signal can be counted by an integrator.

[0227] In addition to the above-mentioned three decision methods, there are other possible decision methods, which are not limited in the present application. In addition to the CSS signal, when the spread spectrum signal is selected as the Chirp signal or the LoRa signal, the same signal processing process as in Embodiment One can also be used.

[0228] Embodiment Two

[0229] Since the first device transmits two identical first signals through the first resource and the second resource, it is different from the first resource and the second resource in Embodiment One which carries through the first resource and the second resource with different frequency domain resources but the same time domain resource. In this embodiment, the first resource and the second resource are carried through the first resource and the second resource with different time domain resources. Furthermore, the spread spectrum signal in this embodiment also takes the CSS signal as an example.

[0230] As shown in FIG. 5, it is assumed that the time length of each signal unit in the first signal is l, and the unit of the time length can be the number of sampling points, the number of symbols, time slots, subframes, etc., or absolute time units such as microseconds, milliseconds, seconds, minutes, etc. The first device transmits the first signal with the same parameters through the first resource and the second resource, wherein the first resource and the second resource are different by 1 signal unit length l in the time domain, and the first resource and the second resource are completely the same in the frequency domain. The signal units in the first signal satisfy the following characteristics:

[0231] a) the signal unit of bit 1 satisfies:

[0232] wherein k represents the kth signal unit, and:

[0233] wherein μ1 represents the frequency slope of the signal CSS1(t) in bit 1, and f1 is the starting frequency of the signal CSS1(t).

[0234] b) the signal unit of bit 0 satisfies:

[0235] wherein k represents the kth signal unit, and:

[0236] wherein μ2 represents the frequency slope of the signal CSS2(t) in bit 0, and f2 is the starting frequency of the signal CSS2(t).

[0237] When demodulating, the second device obtains two routes of the first signal on the third resource and the fourth resource respectively, wherein the third resource and the fourth resource are different by 1 signal unit length l in the time domain, and the third resource and the fourth resource are completely the same in the frequency domain. Whether the second device obtains two routes of the first signal through the same or different spatial resources, polarization resources, angular momentum resources, etc., the present application scheme does not make any limitation.

[0238] Suppose that the two routes of signals obtained by the second device on the third resource and the fourth resource are y1(t) and y2(t) respectively:

[0239] wherein k represents the kth signal unit, m∈{m1, m2} represents that the value of m is m1 or m2, and:

[0240] wherein f∈{f1, f2} represents that the value of f is f1 or f2, and μ∈{μ1, μ2} represents that the value of μ is μ1 or μ2.

[0241] The second device receives the two routes of the first signal obtained on the third resource and the fourth resource through a mixer for conjugate multiplication processing to obtain a signal:

[0242] wherein, represents the conjugate of the signal y2(t). Since y1(t) and y2(t) are CSS signals with the same parameters, the signal after conjugate multiplication becomes a single-frequency signal z(t) with the same frequency and transverse mode: z(t) = a sin(2πf3t)

[0243] Wherein, f3 is the frequency related to the initial frequency of the CSS signal, a is the signal amplitude. Further, if the initial frequency of the CSS signal at this time is f = 0, then: z(t) = 1

[0244] Since the length of the spread spectrum signal in each signal unit is different when the first device transmits bit 1 and bit 0, it also means that the length of z(t) in each signal unit is also different after the corresponding conjugate multiplication processing, that is, m1 and m2, respectively. Therefore, the second device can determine whether the first device transmits bit 1 or bit 0 by judging the length of z(t):

[0245] Wherein, the signal length of the signal z(t) can be determined by calculating the number of ADC sampling points of the signal with the frequency f3.

[0246] In another decision scheme, the cumulative signal energy of z(t) in each signal unit can be calculated to determine whether the first device transmits bit 1 or bit 0:

[0247] Wherein, E1 is the cumulative signal energy of the signal z(t) in the corresponding signal unit when transmitting bit 0, and E2 is the cumulative signal energy of the signal z(t) in the corresponding signal unit when transmitting bit 1. Specifically, the cumulative signal energy of the signal can be counted by an integrator.

[0248] In another decision scheme, the average signal energy of z(t) in each signal unit can be calculated to determine whether the first device transmits bit 1 or bit 0:

[0249] Wherein, E3 is the average signal energy of the signal z(t) in the corresponding signal unit when transmitting bit 0, and E4 is the average signal energy of the signal z(t) in the corresponding signal unit when transmitting bit 1. Specifically, the average signal energy of the signal can be counted by an integrator.

[0250] It is worth noting that the third resource and the fourth resource in the above embodiment two are different by 1 signal unit length l in the time domain, but the third resource and the fourth resource of the present scheme can also be different by other time lengths in the time domain, as long as the second device can separate the two first signals in the time domain resource. In addition to the three decision methods described above, there are other possible decision methods, and the present application scheme is not limited. In addition to the CSS signal, when the spread spectrum signal is a Chirp signal or a LoRa signal, the same signal processing as in the above embodiment two can also be used.

[0251] Embodiment three

[0252] In the above embodiment one and embodiment two, the implementation scheme corresponding to the case that the spread spectrum signal is a CSS signal is given; in this embodiment three, the implementation scheme when the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a binary spread spectrum code / spread spectrum sequence or a multi-element spread spectrum code / spread spectrum sequence is given, and the binary spread spectrum code / spread spectrum sequence can include but is not limited to: a Random sequence, a Kasami sequence, a ZC sequence, an m sequence, a Gold sequence, a Golay sequence, a Walsh sequence, a Hadamard sequence, a Walsh-Hadamard sequence, an orthogonal code, a variable-length orthogonal code, etc. For the convenience of description, this embodiment three takes the case that the first resource and the second resource are the same in the time domain but different in the frequency domain as an example for description, but similar methods can also be extended to the case that the first resource and the second resource are the same in the frequency domain but different in the time domain, or other combinations of resource domains, which are not limited in this embodiment.

[0253] Similarly to embodiment one, as shown in FIG. 6, the first device respectively transmits the first signal with the same parameters by using the first resource and the second resource, wherein the time domain resources of the first resource and the second resource are completely the same, but the first resource and the second resource are different in the frequency domain by Δf when there is a spread spectrum signal. Assuming that the time length of each signal unit of the first signal is l, the signal units in the first signal satisfy the following characteristics:

[0254] (1) The signal unit representing bit 1 satisfies:

[0255] wherein k represents the kth signal unit, C1(t) and C2(t) are spread spectrum sequences with the same time domain parameters, but the two signals are different in the frequency domain by Δf, that is: f2(C2(t))-f1(C1(t))=Δf, kl≤t≤kl+m1-1

[0256] (2) The signal unit representing bit 0 satisfies:

[0257] wherein k represents the kth signal unit, C1(t) and C2(t) are spread spectrum sequences with the same time domain parameters, but the two signals are different in the frequency domain by Δf, that is: f2(C2(t))-f1(C1(t))=Δf, kl≤t≤kl+m2-1

[0258] When demodulating, the second device respectively obtains two routes of the first signal on the third resource and the fourth resource, wherein the time domain resources of the third resource and the fourth resource are completely the same, but the third resource and the fourth resource are different in the frequency domain by Δf, and whether the second device obtains the two routes of the first signal by the same or different space domain resources, polarization resources, angular momentum resources, the scheme of the present application is not limited.

[0259] Assuming that the two routes of the first signal obtained on the third resource and the fourth resource are y1(t) and y2(t) respectively:

[0260] wherein k represents the kth signal unit, and m e {m1, m2} represents that the value of m is m1 or m2.

[0261] In the despreading, the second device multiplies the two first signals obtained at the third resource and the fourth resource through a mixer to obtain a signal: z(t) = yl(t) y2(t)

[0262] Since the two first signals obtained are the same spreading code / spreading sequence with good autocorrelation characteristics, the bit transmitted is determined to be 1 or 0 by accumulating or averaging the signal energy of the signals. For specific methods, refer to the methods described in Embodiments One and Two.

[0263] Embodiment Four

[0264] In Embodiments One, Two and Three, each signal unit of the first signal is first a spreading signal and then an all-0 signal. In Embodiment Four, each signal unit of the first signal is first an all-0 signal and then a spreading signal. The above describes the three signal waveforms of Embodiments One, Two and Three as examples, but the waveform signal design in Embodiment Four is not limited thereto.

[0265] (I) Variants of the signal waveform in Embodiment One:

[0266] Similar to Embodiment One, as shown in FIG. 7, the first device transmits the first signal with the same parameters using the first resource and the second resource, wherein the time domain resources of the first resource and the second resource are completely the same, but the first resource and the second resource differ by Δf in the frequency domain at the same time when there is a spreading signal, or at the same time, the first resource and the second resource transmit the CSS signal with the same slope but different initial frequencies Δf.

[0267] Suppose the length of each signal unit of the first signal is l, and the unit of the signal unit can be a sampling point, a symbol, etc., then the signal unit in the first signal satisfies the following characteristics:

[0268] 1) The signal unit representing bit 1 satisfies:

[0269] wherein k represents the kth signal unit, and: f2(CSS2(t)) - f1(CSS1(t)) = Δf, kl + n1≤t≤(k+1)l-1

[0270] Wherein, μ1 represents the frequency slope of the CSS signal in bit 1, f2(CSS2(t)) represents the frequency f2 of the CSS signal on the second resource at time t, and f1(CSS1(t)) represents the frequency f1 of the CSS signal on the first resource at time t.

[0271] 2) The signal unit representing bit 0 satisfies:

[0272] Wherein, k represents the kth signal unit, and: f2(CSS2(t))-f1(CSS1(t))=Δf,kl+n2≤t≤(k+1)l-1

[0273] Wherein, μ2 represents the frequency slope of the CSS signal in bit 0, f2(CSS2(t)) represents the frequency f2 of the CSS signal on the second resource at time t, and f1(CSS1(t)) represents the frequency f1 of the CSS signal on the first resource at time t.

[0274] The second device obtains two first signals on the third resource and the fourth resource respectively, wherein the time domain resources of the third resource and the fourth resource are completely same, but the third resource and the fourth resource are different by Δf in the frequency domain at the same time when there is a spread spectrum signal, or the initial frequencies of the CSS signals obtained on the third resource and the fourth resource are different by Δf but the slopes are same at the same time. Whether the second device obtains the two first signals through the same or different space domain resources, polarization resources, or angular momentum resources, the present application does not make any limitation.

[0275] Suppose that the two first signals obtained on the third resource and the fourth resource are y1(t) and y2(t) respectively.

[0276] Wherein, k represents the kth signal unit, n∈{n1,n2} represents that the value of n is n1 or n2, and:

[0277] Wherein, f∈{f1,f2} represents that the value of f is f1 or f2, and μ∈{μ1,μ2} represents that the value of μ is μ1 or μ2.

[0278] The processing operation of the receiving end (i.e. the second device) is similar to that in the first embodiment, and will not be described in detail.

[0279] (II) Signal waveform variation in the second embodiment:

[0280] The first device can carry the first signal through the first resource and the second resource with different time domain resources, and the CSS signal is taken as an example of the spread spectrum sequence, which is the same as in the second embodiment.

[0281] As shown in FIG. 8, assuming that the length of each signal unit in the first signal is l, the first device respectively transmits the first signal with the same parameters using the first resource and the second resource, wherein the first resource and the second resource are different by 1 signal unit length l in the time domain, and the first resource and the second resource are completely the same in the frequency domain. The signal units in the first signal satisfy the following characteristics:

[0282] a) The signal unit representing bit 1 satisfies:

[0283] wherein k represents the kth signal unit, and:

[0284] wherein μ1 represents the frequency slope of the signal CSS1(t) in bit 1, and f1 is the starting frequency of the signal CSS1(t).

[0285] b) The signal unit representing bit 0 satisfies:

[0286] wherein k represents the kth signal unit, and:

[0287] wherein μ2 represents the frequency slope of the signal CSS2(t) in bit 0, and f2 is the starting frequency of the signal CSS2(t).

[0288] When demodulating, the second device respectively obtains the first signal on the third resource and the fourth resource, wherein the third resource and the fourth resource are different by 1 signal unit length l in the time domain, and the third resource and the fourth resource are completely the same in the frequency domain. Whether the second device obtains the two-way first signal through the same or different spatial resources, polarization resources, angular momentum resources, the present application scheme is not limited.

[0289] Assuming that the two-way signals obtained by the second device on the third resource and the fourth resource are y1(t) and y2(t) respectively.

[0290] wherein k represents the kth signal unit, n∈{n1,n2} represents that the value of n is n1 or n2, and:

[0291] wherein f∈{f1,f2} represents that the value of f is f1 or f2, and μ∈{μ1,μ2} represents that the value of μ is μ1 or μ2.

[0292] It is worth noting that the third resource and the fourth resource in the above scheme differ by 1 signal unit length l in the time domain, but the third resource and the fourth resource in the present scheme can also differ by other time lengths in the time domain, as long as the second device can separate the two first signals in the time domain resources. Other processing operations for the receiving end (i.e., the second device) are similar to those in Embodiment Two and will not be described again.

[0293] (III) Signal waveform variation in Embodiment Three:

[0294] Similar to Embodiment Three, the present embodiment takes binary or multi-spread spectrum code / spread spectrum sequence as the spread spectrum signal, and takes the first resource and the second resource as an example for description, which are the same in the time domain but different in the frequency domain, but similar methods can also be extended to the case where the first resource and the second resource are the same in the frequency domain but different in the time domain, or other combinations of resource domains, which are not limited in the present embodiment.

[0295] Similar to Embodiment Three, as shown in FIG. 9, the first device transmits the first signal with the same parameters using the first resource and the second resource respectively, wherein the time domain resources of the first resource and the second resource are completely the same, but the first resource and the second resource differ by Δf in the frequency domain when there is a spread spectrum signal. Assuming that the length of each signal unit of the first signal is l, the signal units in the first signal satisfy the following characteristics:

[0296] (a) The signal unit representing bit 1 satisfies:

[0297] wherein k represents the kth signal unit, C1(t) and C2(t) are spread spectrum sequences with the same time domain parameters, but the two signals differ by Δf in the frequency domain. f2(C2(t))-f1(C1(t))=Δf, kl+n1≤t≤(k+1)l-1

[0298] (b) The signal unit representing bit 0 satisfies:

[0299] wherein k represents the kth signal unit, C1(t) and C2(t) are spread spectrum sequences with the same time domain parameters, but the two signals differ by Δf in the frequency domain. f2(C2(t))-f1(C1(t))=Δf, kl+n2≤t≤(k+1)l-1

[0300] When demodulating, the second device obtains the two first signals on the third resource and the fourth resource respectively, wherein the time domain resources of the third resource and the fourth resource are completely the same, but the third resource and the fourth resource differ by Δf in the frequency domain, and whether the second device obtains the two first signals through the same or different spatial resources, polarization resources, angular momentum resources, the present scheme does not make any limitation.

[0301] Assume that two first signals obtained on the third resource and the fourth resource are y1(t) and y2(t) respectively:

[0302] wherein k represents the kth signal unit, and n represents n1 or n2.

[0303] The second device multiplies the two first signals obtained on the third resource and the fourth resource through a mixer to obtain a signal: z(t) = y1(t) y2(t)

[0304] Since the first signal and the second signal are the same spreading code / spreading sequence with good autocorrelation characteristics, the transmitted symbol can be determined to be 1 or 0 by accumulating or averaging the signal energy of the signal. For specific methods, refer to the methods described in embodiments one, two, three, and four.

[0305] It should be noted that in addition to the implementation manners given in embodiments one, two, three, and four, there are other implementation schemes. For example, the resources can also be extended to space resources, polarization resources, and angular momentum resources. In addition, the first signal can be carried by one or more resources, and the first resource and the second resource carrying the first signal can belong to the same type of resource, or different types of resources, or part of the same type of resource, etc.; the corresponding third resource and the fourth resource can belong to the same type of resource, or different types of resources, or part of the same type of resource. The first resource and the third resource can belong to the same type of resource, or different types of resources, or part of the same type of resource. The second resource and the fourth resource can belong to the same type of resource, or different types of resources, or part of the same type of resource. The above is not limited by the present application.

[0306] In addition, in addition to the product operation or the conjugate product operation given in the above embodiments, there can be other binary operations, such as XOR operation, or multi-element operation, etc. For example, if the first signal is a single-polarity direct sequence spread spectrum signal, XOR operation can be used; if the first signal is a multi-element signal / multi-element signal, or the second signal is a multi-element spreading code / spreading sequence, the first operation is a multi-element operation, such as multi-element multiplication operation, multi-element division operation, multi-element addition operation, multi-element subtraction operation, multi-element same or operation, multi-element exclusive or operation, etc. The present application is not limited.

[0307] The signal transmission method provided by the embodiments of the present application can be executed by a signal transmission device. In the embodiments of the present application, the signal transmission device executing the signal transmission method is taken as an example to illustrate the signal transmission device provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0308] Please refer to Fig. 10, which is a structural schematic diagram of a signal transmission device according to an embodiment of the present application. The device is applied to a first device. As shown in Fig. 10, the signal transmission device 100 includes:

[0309] a generating module 101 configured to generate a first signal; wherein the first signal includes at least one signal unit, each of the signal units includes a first part for carrying a spread spectrum signal and a second part for carrying an all-0 signal, the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part is related to an input bit, or the length of the all-0 signal carried by the second part is related to the input bit, or the ratio or difference between the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part and the length of the all-0 signal carried by the second part is related to the input bit;

[0310] a sending module 102 configured to send the first signal on a first resource and a second resource respectively.

[0311] Optionally, each of the signal units in the first signal satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0312] the length of the signal unit is fixed;

[0313] when the input bit is a first value, the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part in the signal unit is a third value, and the length of the all-0 signal carried by the second part in the signal unit is a fourth value; or when the input bit is a second value, the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part in the signal unit is a fifth value, and the length of the all-0 signal carried by the second part in the signal unit is a sixth value; wherein the third value is not equal to the fifth value, and the fourth value is not equal to the sixth value;

[0314] the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part in the signal unit includes at least one of the following: a unipolar spread spectrum code or sequence, a bipolar spread spectrum code or sequence, a binary spread spectrum code, a binary spread spectrum sequence, a multi-element or multi-ary spread spectrum code, a multi-element or multi-ary spread spectrum sequence, a reference Chirp signal, a Chirp spread spectrum (CSS) signal, a long-range radio (LoRa) signal.

[0315] Optionally, the input bit includes at least one of the following:

[0316] an input bit after channel coding;

[0317] an input bit after line coding;

[0318] an input bit after source coding.

[0319] Optionally, at least one of the following is different between the first resource and the second resource:

[0320] time domain resources;

[0321] frequency domain resources;

[0322] space domain resources;

[0323] polarization resources;

[0324] angular momentum resources.

[0325] Optionally, the generating module 101 is specifically configured to: generate the first signal according to first information; wherein the first information comprises at least one of the following:

[0326] a type of a spread spectrum signal in the first signal;

[0327] a length of a spread spectrum signal in each signal unit corresponding to the input bit being the first value;

[0328] a length of an all-0 signal in each signal unit corresponding to the input bit being the first value;

[0329] a length of a spread spectrum signal in each signal unit corresponding to the input bit being the second value;

[0330] a length of an all-0 signal in each signal unit corresponding to the input bit being the second value;

[0331] a length of each signal unit in the first signal;

[0332] a code rate or chip rate of a spread spectrum signal in the first signal;

[0333] an identifier related to each signal unit in the first signal, the identifier being used to indicate information of the related signal unit;

[0334] a signal length of the first signal;

[0335] a number of signal units included in the first signal;

[0336] a transmission power or average power of the first signal.

[0337] Optionally, the sending module 102 is specifically configured to: send the first signal on the first resource and the second resource respectively according to second information; wherein the second information comprises at least one of the following:

[0338] resource information related to the first resource;

[0339] resource information related to the second resource.

[0340] Optionally, the resource information related to the first resource comprises at least one of the following:

[0341] time domain resource information;

[0342] frequency domain resource information;

[0343] spatial domain resource information;

[0344] polarization resource information;

[0345] angular momentum resource information;

[0346] time-frequency domain periodicity parameter;

[0347] first pattern information related to time-frequency domain resource, the first pattern information being used for indicating related time-frequency domain resource;

[0348] And / or, the resource information related to the second resource comprises at least one of the following:

[0349] time domain resource information;

[0350] frequency domain resource information;

[0351] spatial domain resource information;

[0352] polarization resource information;

[0353] angular momentum resource information;

[0354] time-frequency domain periodicity parameter;

[0355] second pattern information related to time-frequency domain resource, the second pattern information being used for indicating related time-frequency domain resource.

[0356] The signal transmission apparatus 100 provided by the embodiments of the present application can implement each process of the method embodiments shown in FIG. 2 and achieve the same technical effects, and thus, details are not described herein again.

[0357] Please refer to FIG. 11, which is a structural schematic diagram of a signal transmission apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application, and the apparatus is applied to a second device. As shown in FIG. 11, the signal transmission apparatus 110 comprises:

[0358] The acquisition module 111 is configured to acquire a first signal transmitted by the first device on a third resource and a fourth resource respectively; wherein the first signal comprises at least one signal unit, each signal unit comprises a first part for carrying a spread spectrum signal and a second part for carrying an all-zero signal, the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part is related to the input bit, or the length of the all-zero signal carried by the second part is related to the input bit, or the ratio or difference between the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part and the length of the all-zero signal carried by the second part is related to the input bit;

[0359] The processing module 112 is configured to perform a first operation on the signal acquired on the third resource and the signal acquired on the fourth resource to obtain a second signal, and perform demodulation on the second signal to obtain the input bit.

[0360] Optionally, each signal unit in the first signal satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0361] The length of the signal unit is fixed;

[0362] When the input bit is a first value, the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part in the signal unit is a third value, and the length of the all-zero signal carried by the second part in the signal unit is a fourth value; or when the input bit is a second value, the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part in the signal unit is a fifth value, and the length of the all-zero signal carried by the second part in the signal unit is a sixth value; wherein the third value is not equal to the fifth value, and the fourth value is not equal to the sixth value;

[0363] The spread spectrum signal carried by the first part in the signal unit comprises at least one of the following: unipolar spread spectrum code or sequence, bipolar spread spectrum code or sequence, binary or binary spread spectrum code, binary or binary spread spectrum sequence, multi-element or multi-ary spread spectrum code, multi-element or multi-ary spread spectrum sequence, reference Chirp signal, CSS signal, LoRa signal.

[0364] Optionally, the first operation satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0365] When the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a binary or binary unipolar spread spectrum code, or the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a binary or binary spread spectrum sequence, the first operation is an exclusive or operation;

[0366] When the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a binary or binary bipolar spread spectrum code, or the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a binary or binary bipolar spread spectrum sequence, the first operation is a product operation;

[0367] When the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a multi-element or multi-order spread spectrum code, or the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a multi-element or multi-order spread spectrum sequence, the first operation is a multi-element operation;

[0368] When the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a reference Chirp signal, the first operation is a conjugate product operation;

[0369] When the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a CSS signal, the first operation is a conjugate product operation;

[0370] When the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a LoRa signal, the first operation is a conjugate product operation.

[0371] Optionally, at least one of the following is different between the third resource and the fourth resource:

[0372] a time domain resource;

[0373] a frequency domain resource;

[0374] a space domain resource;

[0375] a polarization resource;

[0376] an angular momentum resource.

[0377] Optionally, the processing module 112 is specifically configured to: according to third information, perform a first operation on the signal obtained on the third resource and the signal obtained on the fourth resource;

[0378] The third information includes at least one of the following:

[0379] a type of the spread spectrum signal in the first signal;

[0380] a length of the spread spectrum signal in each signal unit corresponding to when the input bit is a first value;

[0381] a length of an all-0 signal in each signal unit corresponding to when the input bit is a first value;

[0382] a length of the spread spectrum signal in each signal unit corresponding to when the input bit is a second value;

[0383] a length of an all-0 signal in each signal unit corresponding to when the input bit is a second value;

[0384] a length of each signal unit in the first signal;

[0385] a code rate or a chip rate of the spread spectrum signal in the first signal;

[0386] an identifier related to each signal unit in the first signal, the identifier being used to indicate information of the related signal unit;

[0387] a signal length of the first signal;

[0388] a number of signal units included in the first signal.

[0389] Optionally, the obtaining module is specifically configured to: obtain the first signal sent by the first device respectively on the third resource and the fourth resource according to fourth information; wherein the fourth information includes at least one of the following:

[0390] resource information related to the third resource;

[0391] resource information related to the fourth resource.

[0392] Optionally, the resource information related to the third resource includes at least one of the following:

[0393] time domain resource information;

[0394] frequency domain resource information;

[0395] space domain resource information;

[0396] polarization resource information;

[0397] angular momentum resource information;

[0398] time-frequency domain periodicity parameter;

[0399] third mode information related to time-frequency domain resource, the third mode information being used to indicate the related time-frequency domain resource;

[0400] and / or, the resource information related to the fourth resource includes at least one of the following:

[0401] time domain resource information;

[0402] frequency domain resource information;

[0403] space domain resource information;

[0404] polarization resource information;

[0405] angular momentum resource information;

[0406] time-frequency domain periodicity parameter;

[0407] fourth mode information related to time-frequency domain resource, the fourth mode information being used to indicate the related time-frequency domain resource.

[0408] The signal transmission apparatus 110 provided by the embodiments of the present application can implement each process of the method embodiments shown in FIG. 3 and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0409] As shown in FIG. 12, the embodiments of the present application further provide a communication device 120, which includes a processor 121 and a memory 122, and the memory 122 stores programs or instructions executable on the processor 121. For example, when the communication device 120 is a first device, the programs or instructions, when executed by the processor 121, implement each step of the signal transmission method embodiments shown in FIG. 2 and achieve the same technical effects. When the communication device 120 is a second device, the programs or instructions, when executed by the processor 121, implement each step of the signal transmission method embodiments shown in FIG. 3 and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0410] The embodiments of the present application further provide a readable storage medium, which stores programs or instructions executable by a processor to implement each process of the above signal transmission method embodiments and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0411] The processor is the processor in the terminal in the above embodiments. The readable storage medium includes a computer readable storage medium, such as a computer readable only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc. In some examples, the readable storage medium can be a non-transitory readable storage medium.

[0412] The embodiments of the present application further provide a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to run programs or instructions to implement each process of the above signal transmission method embodiments and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0413] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can also be referred to as a system chip, a system chip, a chip system or a system on chip, etc.

[0414] The embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program / program product, which is stored in a storage medium and is executed by at least one processor to implement each process of the above signal transmission method embodiments and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0415] The embodiments of the present application further provide a communication system, comprising: a first device and a second device, wherein the first device is configured to perform the steps of the signal transmission method as shown in Fig. 2, and the second device is configured to perform the steps of the signal transmission method as shown in Fig. 3.

[0416] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprise", "comprising", or any other variant thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that processes, methods, articles, or apparatuses that comprise a list of elements are not limited to those elements, but can also include other elements not expressly listed, or inherent to such processes, methods, articles, or apparatuses. Without further limitation, an element preceded by "comprises a" does not, without more constraints, foreclose the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. In addition, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses of the embodiments of the present application are not limited to performing functions in the order recited in the figures or as discussed herein. For example, the methods described herein can be performed in different order or substantially concurrently, and additional or fewer steps can be provided. Also, features described in relation to certain examples can be combined in other examples.

[0417] From the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be realized by means of computer software products and general hardware platforms, and of course, can also be realized by hardware. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disc, an optical disc, etc.), and includes a plurality of instructions for making a terminal or a network side device execute the methods described in the embodiments of the present application.

[0418] The embodiments of the present application are described above in combination with the drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments, and the above-described specific embodiments are merely illustrative, rather than limiting. Those skilled in the art can make many forms of embodiments under the inspiration of the present application without departing from the scope of the present application and the protection scope of the claims, and these embodiments all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A signal transmission method, comprising: generating, by a first device, a first signal; wherein the first signal comprises at least one signal unit, each of the signal units comprises a first part for carrying a spread spectrum signal and a second part for carrying an all-zero signal, the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part is related to an input bit, or the length of the all-zero signal carried by the second part is related to the input bit, or the ratio or difference between the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part and the length of the all-zero signal carried by the second part is related to the input bit; transmitting, by the first device, the first signal on a first resource and a second resource respectively.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, each of the signal units in the first signal satisfies at least one of the following conditions: the length of the signal unit is fixed; when the input bit is a first value, the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part in the signal unit is a third value, and the length of the all-zero signal carried by the second part in the signal unit is a fourth value; or when the input bit is a second value, the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part in the signal unit is a fifth value, and the length of the all-zero signal carried by the second part in the signal unit is a sixth value; wherein the third value is not equal to the fifth value, and the fourth value is not equal to the sixth value; the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part in the signal unit comprises at least one of the following:

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, a unipolar spread spectrum code or sequence, a bipolar spread spectrum code or sequence, a binary spread spectrum code, a binary spread spectrum sequence, a multiary spread spectrum code, a multiary spread spectrum sequence, a reference Chirp signal, a Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS) signal, a Long Range Radio (LoRa) signal. the input bit comprises at least one of the following: an input bit after channel coding; an input bit after line coding; 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, an input bit after source coding. at least one of the following is different between the first resource and the second resource: a time domain resource; a frequency domain resource; a space domain resource; a polarization resource; 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, an angular momentum resource. generating, by the first device, a first signal, comprising: generating, by the first device, the first signal according to first information; wherein the first information comprises at least one of the following: the type of the spread spectrum signal in the first signal; the length of the spread spectrum signal in each signal unit corresponding to the input bit being a first value; the length of the all-zero signal in each signal unit corresponding to the input bit being the first value; the length of the spread spectrum signal in each signal unit corresponding to the input bit being a second value; the length of the all-zero signal in each signal unit corresponding to the input bit being the second value; the length of each signal unit in the first signal; the code rate or chip rate of the spread spectrum signal in the first signal; an identifier related to each signal unit in the first signal, the identifier being used to indicate information of the related signal unit; the signal length of the first signal; the number of signal units comprised by the first signal; the transmission power or average power of the first signal.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The first device respectively transmits the first signal on a first resource and a second resource, comprising: The first device respectively transmits the first signal on the first resource and the second resource according to second information; wherein the second information comprises at least one of the following: Resource information related to the first resource; Resource information related to the second resource.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The resource information related to the first resource comprises at least one of the following: Time domain resource information; Frequency domain resource information; Space domain resource information; Polarization resource information; Angular momentum resource information; Time-frequency domain period parameter; First mode information related to time-frequency domain resource, the first mode information being used for indicating related time-frequency domain resource; And / or, The resource information related to the second resource comprises at least one of the following: Time domain resource information; Frequency domain resource information; Space domain resource information; Polarization resource information; Angular momentum resource information; Time-frequency domain period parameter; Second mode information related to time-frequency domain resource, the second mode information being used for indicating related time-frequency domain resource.

8. A signal transmission method, comprising: A second device respectively obtains a first signal transmitted by a first device on a third resource and a fourth resource; wherein the first signal comprises at least one signal unit, each signal unit comprising a first part used for carrying a spread spectrum signal and a second part used for carrying an all-0 signal, the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part being related to an input bit, or the length of the all-0 signal carried by the second part being related to the input bit, or the ratio or difference between the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part and the length of the all-0 signal carried by the second part being related to the input bit; The second device performs a first operation on the signal obtained on the third resource and the signal obtained on the fourth resource to obtain a second signal; The second device demodulates the second signal to obtain the input bit.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein, Each signal unit in the first signal satisfies at least one of the following: The length of the signal unit is fixed; When the input bit is a first value, the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part in the signal unit is a third value, and the length of the all-0 signal carried by the second part in the signal unit is a fourth value; or when the input bit is a second value, the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part in the signal unit is a fifth value, and the length of the all-0 signal carried by the second part in the signal unit is a sixth value; wherein the third value is not equal to the fifth value, and the fourth value is not equal to the sixth value; The spread spectrum signal carried by the first part in the signal unit comprises at least one of the following: unipolar spread spectrum code or spread spectrum sequence, bipolar spread spectrum code or spread spectrum sequence, binary or binary spread spectrum code, binary or binary spread spectrum sequence, multi-element or multi-ary spread spectrum code, multi-element or multi-ary spread spectrum sequence, reference Chirp signal, CSS signal, LoRa signal.

10. The method of claim 8 or 9, wherein, The first operation satisfies at least one of the following: When the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a binary or binary single-polarity spread spectrum code, or the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a binary or binary spread spectrum sequence, the first operation is an exclusive or operation; When the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a binary or binary double-polarity spread spectrum code, or the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a binary or binary double-polarity spread spectrum sequence, the first operation is a product operation; When the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a multi-element or multi-ary spread spectrum code, or the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a multi-element or multi-ary spread spectrum sequence, the first operation is a multi-element operation; When the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a reference Chirp signal, the first operation is a conjugate product operation; When the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a CSS signal, the first operation is a conjugate product operation; When the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a LoRa signal, the first operation is a conjugate product operation.

11. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein, At least one of the following is different between the third resource and the fourth resource: Time domain resource; Frequency domain resource; Space domain resource; Polarization resource; Angular momentum resource.

12. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein, The second device performs a first operation on the signal obtained on the third resource and the signal obtained on the fourth resource, comprising: The second device performs a first operation on the signal obtained on the third resource and the signal obtained on the fourth resource according to third information; The third information includes at least one of the following: The type of the spread spectrum signal in the first signal; The length of the spread spectrum signal in each signal unit corresponding to the first value of the input bit; The length of the all-0 signal in each signal unit corresponding to the first value of the input bit; The length of the spread spectrum signal in each signal unit corresponding to the second value of the input bit; The length of the all-0 signal in each signal unit corresponding to the second value of the input bit; The length of each signal unit in the first signal; The code rate or chip rate of the spread spectrum signal in the first signal; An identifier related to each signal unit in the first signal, the identifier being used to indicate the information of the related signal unit; The signal length of the first signal; The number of signal units included in the first signal.

13. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein, The second device obtains the first signal sent by the first device on the third resource and the fourth resource respectively, comprising: The second device obtains the first signal sent by the first device on the third resource and the fourth resource respectively according to fourth information; wherein the fourth information includes at least one of the following: Resource information related to the third resource; Resource information related to the fourth resource.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein, The resource information related to the third resource includes at least one of the following: Time domain resource information; Frequency domain resource information; Space domain resource information; Polarization resource information; Angular momentum resource information; Time-frequency domain period parameter; Third mode information related to the time-frequency domain resource, the third mode information being used to indicate the related time-frequency domain resource; And / or, The resource information related to the fourth resource includes at least one of the following: Time domain resource information; Frequency domain resource information; Spatial domain resource information; Polarization resource information; Angular momentum resource information; Time-frequency domain periodicity parameter; Fourth mode information related to time-frequency domain resource, the fourth mode information being used for indicating the related time-frequency domain resource.

15. A signal transmission apparatus, comprising: a generating module, configured to generate a first signal; wherein the first signal comprises at least one signal unit, each of the signal units comprises a first part used for carrying a spread spectrum signal and a second part used for carrying an all-0 signal, the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part is related to an input bit, or the length of the all-0 signal carried by the second part is related to the input bit, or the ratio or difference between the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part and the length of the all-0 signal carried by the second part is related to the input bit; a sending module, configured to send the first signal on a first resource and a second resource respectively.

16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein, Each of the signal units in the first signal satisfies at least one of the following conditions: The length of the signal unit is fixed; When the input bit is a first value, the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part in the signal unit is a third value, and the length of the all-0 signal carried by the second part in the signal unit is a fourth value; or when the input bit is a second value, the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part in the signal unit is a fifth value, and the length of the all-0 signal carried by the second part in the signal unit is a sixth value; wherein the third value is not equal to the fifth value, and the fourth value is not equal to the sixth value; The spread spectrum signal carried by the first part in the signal unit comprises at least one of the following: unipolar spread spectrum code or sequence, bipolar spread spectrum code or sequence, binary or binary spread spectrum code, binary or binary spread spectrum sequence, multi-element or multi-ary spread spectrum code, multi-element or multi-ary spread spectrum sequence, reference Chirp signal, Chirp spread spectrum (CSS) signal, Long Range Radio (LoRa) signal.

17. The apparatus of claim 15 or 16, wherein, the generating module is specifically configured to generate the first signal according to first information; wherein the first information comprises at least one of the following: the type of the spread spectrum signal in the first signal; the length of the spread spectrum signal in each of the signal units corresponding to the input bit being the first value; the length of the all-0 signal in each of the signal units corresponding to the input bit being the first value; the length of the spread spectrum signal in each of the signal units corresponding to the input bit being the second value; the length of the all-0 signal in each of the signal units corresponding to the input bit being the second value; the length of each of the signal units in the first signal; the code rate or chip rate of the spread spectrum signal in the first signal; an identifier related to each of the signal units in the first signal, the identifier being used for indicating the information of the related signal unit; the signal length of the first signal; the number of the signal units included in the first signal; the transmission power or average power of the first signal.

18. A signal transmission apparatus, comprising: The acquisition module is configured to acquire a first signal transmitted by the first device on a third resource and a fourth resource respectively, wherein the first signal comprises at least one signal unit, each signal unit comprises a first part for carrying a spread spectrum signal and a second part for carrying an all-zero signal, the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part is related to the input bit, or the length of the all-zero signal carried by the second part is related to the input bit, or the ratio or difference between the length of the spread spectrum signal carried by the first part and the length of the all-zero signal carried by the second part is related to the input bit; The processing module is configured to perform a first operation on the signal acquired on the third resource and the signal acquired on the fourth resource to obtain a second signal, and perform demodulation on the second signal to obtain the input bit.

19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein, The first operation satisfies at least one of the following conditions: When the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a binary or binary single-polarity spread spectrum code, or the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a binary or binary spread spectrum sequence, the first operation is an exclusive-OR operation; When the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a binary or binary double-polarity spread spectrum code, or the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a binary or binary double-polarity spread spectrum sequence, the first operation is a product operation; When the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a multi-element or multi-ary spread spectrum code, or the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a multi-element or multi-ary spread spectrum sequence, the first operation is a multi-element operation; When the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a reference Chirp signal, the first operation is a conjugate product operation; When the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a CSS signal, the first operation is a conjugate product operation; When the spread spectrum signal in the first signal is a LoRa signal, the first operation is a conjugate product operation.

20. The apparatus of claim 18 or 19, wherein The processing module is specifically configured to perform the first operation on the first signal acquired on the third resource and the first signal acquired on the fourth resource according to third information. The third information comprises at least one of the following: The type of the spread spectrum signal in the first signal; The length of the spread spectrum signal in each signal unit corresponding to the input bit being a first value; The length of the all-zero signal in each signal unit corresponding to the input bit being the first value; The length of the spread spectrum signal in each signal unit corresponding to the input bit being a second value; The length of the all-zero signal in each signal unit corresponding to the input bit being the second value; The length of each signal unit in the first signal; The code rate or chip rate of the spread spectrum signal in the first signal; An identifier related to each signal unit in the first signal, the identifier being used to indicate information of the related signal unit; The signal length of the first signal; The number of signal units included in the first signal.

21. A communication device comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing programs or instructions executable on the processor, the programs or instructions, when executed by the processor, implement the steps of the signal transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, or implement the steps of the signal transmission method according to any one of claims 8 to 14.

22. A readable storage medium, the readable storage medium storing programs or instructions, the programs or instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the signal transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, or implement the steps of the signal transmission method according to any one of claims 8 to 14.

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