Check valve with a hollow drop-shaped shut-off device and guide blades

Abstract

The check valve relates to pipeline fittings and allows fluid to flow through it in only one direction. The check valve is full-bore; the shut-off device (1) of the check valve having a drop-shaped form is hollow and the internal cavity of the shut-off device (1) is connected to the working liquid through holes. The check valve comprises an expanded diffuser (8) and a nozzle (9) narrowed in the flow direction. The nozzle (9) has twelve guide blades (10) that regulate the turbulence of the flow. The guide blades (10) partially replicate the shape of the drop-shaped shut-off device (1) and protrude beyond the nozzle (9) in the direction of the diffuser (8).

Description

[0001] CHECK VALVE WITH A HOLLOW DROP-SHAPED SHUT-OFF DEVICE AND GUIDE BLADES

[0002] The invention belongs to industrial pipeline fittings intended to automatically prevent the return flow of the working liquid. The structural features of the check valve (hereinafter referred to as CV) are its shut-off device - in the form of a hollow drop - which is controlled by and controls itself the working liquid flow through its inner and outer surfaces, the presence of the guide apparatus and the method of centering the shut-off device inside the. check valve body. When 0 installing the check valve in a vertical mounting position in the direction of the working liquid flow downwards, it can be used as an air valve (air cock).

[0003] Based on similar design features, the analogs of the invention among axial check valves are check valves mounted in the immersed pumps GRUNDFOS SP- G, SP 77-112 (GRUNDFOS catalog, immersed pumps SP-G, SP-A, SP, 45 https: / / gidro-term.com.ua). In these check valves, a fixed streamlined body that activates- the shut-off device (the check valve is in the open position), is placed and fixed in a conditionally (equivalently) “cylindrical” opening made up of four longitudinal fixed guide blades (hereinafter referred to as FGB), connected separately or directly to the check valve body. In both check valves, the fixed guide >20 blades are tightly adjacent to the fixed part of the streamlined body and together with the surface of the inner passage of the check valve body, they form axially- directed channels in which the turbulent flow of the working liquid is partially regulated. The capacities of the guide channels can be improved as follows: in the SP-G model, it is recommended to lengthen the FGB toward the check valve seat, 2.5 and in both models, increase the number of fixed guide blades to twelve and, along the elongated segment, put the fixed guide blades (in section) into shape of turns of internal thread (twelve turns per inch), right- or left-hand, depending on the direction of the pump impeller rotation. To improve the operating characteristics, reduction of hydraulic losses of the axial check valves is possible only at the expense of removing the spring of the shut-off device, because opening and keeping the shut-off device in the open position of the check valve (spring compression) continuously and uselessly consume energy of the working liquid flow.

[0004] On the principle of operation and structural features, the closest analogs of 35 the invention are the CV SXE and SR ball check valves (Technical catalog. PVC shut-off and control fittings, https: / / pycpipe.ua) and SBC lined ball valves (Technical data sheet, https: / / techprilad.com). From the level of equipment, it is known that the shut-off device of the ball check valve is a ball located - with clearance - in a conditionally (equivalently) “cylindrical” opening, made up of 40 three or four longitudinal fixed guide blades (longitudinal stiffening ribs of the inner passage of the check valve body). The “cylindrical” opening in the direction of the flow of the working liquid changes (continues) into a narrowed cut spherical opening which limits the axial movement of the ball (the shut-off device) and fixes it in the “open” position of the check valve. On the side of the inlet, the axial motion of the ball is limited by the seat with or without sealing. The shut-off device (the ball) is made of monolithic material, and the shut-off device in a SBC check valve is made depending on its intended purpose, and hollow. The mounting .5 position of ball check valves depends on the direction of the working liquid flow: vertical upward, horizontal with a small guaranteed pressure drop, and vertical downward with a hollow shut-off device. In the ball check valves, their shut-off device - the ball - is controlled exclusively by the flow of the working liquid formed by the pump or pressure drop. Therefore, an important feature that affects 40 the simultaneous movement of the shut-off device along with the flow of the working liquid (lightness, smoothness, speed of opening I closing of the check valve), is the mass of the shut-off device. Reduction of hydraulic loss of ball check valves is achieved by changing the shape of the shut-off device. Like the axial check valves, the ball check valves form - together with the fixed guide blades, the 45 surface of the ball and the inner surface of the passage section of the check valve housing - wide channels, directed along the axis, in which the turbulent flow of the working liquid is partially regulated after the check valve.

[0005] With the new use of the invention as an air valve (air cock), the analogs are: single-chamber air release valves T.l.S. (https: / / profimann.com.ua / ), air cocks Miv •2Q (https: / / teplokor.com.ua / ), single-stage (without a service valve) air cocks HAWLE (https: / / vsk-group.com.ua / ). In the above-stated air valves, the process of release and entry of air is controlled by a float which is, at the same time, a shut-off device. The shut-off device of the check valve in the shape of a hollow “drop” (with holes (5+1)) automatically takes up a stable vertical floating position on the water 25 surface, that is why it can be used as a float in air valves (air cocks). In addition to the streamlined form, the shut-off device in the form of a hollow “drop” differs from the monolithic or hollow shut-off devices in that, at the same pressure of the working liquid in the system, the force of pressing the shut-off device to the seat increases by 1.5 times, and hollow spherical inner surface, filled with air, is a •30 pneumatic battery that partially extinguishes a hydraulic impact of the working liquid after the release of air from the system.

[0006] Technical task. On the principle of operation of a ball check valve, it is required to create a check valve with a shut-off device (hereinafter referred to as SOD) in the shape of a hollow “drop”. The connecting holes in the conical tail end J5 °f drop-shaped shut-off device must ensure automatic filling of its internal cavity with the working liquid in the vertical mounting position of the check valve with the direction of movement of the working liquid vertically upward. Regardless of the angle of inclination of the shut-off device axis, relative to the axis of the check valve when the check valve closed, the shut-off device must always have the ZjO shape of a sphere in the passage section of the seat. The check valve being in the open position, the shut-off device centers its "center" (the cone of the tail end of the “drop”) with the axis of the check valve in a conditionally (equivalently) "central hole", made of longitudinal fixed guide blades, separately or directly connected to the nozzle (body) of the check valve. An important task is to reduce (decrease) the capacity mass of the shut-off device down to the value that is slightly greater than the density of the working liquid. Making longitudinal guide channels - by analogy with a guide apparatus in turbines, pumps - from longitudinal fixed guide blades, together with the surface of the diffuser, from the nozzle and from the shut-off device (Guide Apparatus. Polytechnic Dictionary / A. Yu. ISHLYNSKYI, Chief Editor, Academician I Soviet Encyclopedia, 1980).

[0007] 5 Presence of evidence in the invention and their impact on the technical outcome: the working liquid acts upon the shut-off device through connecting holes in the conical end of the shut-off device and controls it both through its internal and outer surfaces. Thus, the check valve being closed, the area of the inner surface, to which the working liquid applies pressure (the area of the inner surface of the segment of the sphere relative to the area of the circle as the basis of the segment of the sphere in the passage cross-section of the check valve), increases 1.5 times compared to a monolithic or hollow ball. In the process of operation of the check valve, the ] 5 connecting holes are an additional channel of the working liquid flow, and with reverse flow the connecting holes slow down the flow of the working liquid (parachute effect), thereby facilitating and accelerating the closure of the check valve;

[0008] 12 guide channels, created by the surfaces of the fixed guide 2.0 blades, the diffuser, the nozzle and the shut-off device with a hole in its conical end, form a guide apparatus which changes the turbulent flow of the working liquid behind the check valve into the axial symmetric flow, and when installing a check valve in or on pumps, they partially convert the energy of the rotational motion of the working liquid formed by the moving 2, 5 element of the pump (1500-3000 rpm), into the energy of pressure; the streamlined form of the shut-off device and the absence of a spring reduce hydraulic losses of the check valve at all operating modes of pumps and pumping stations; reduction of the capacity mass of the shut-off device to the gQ density of the working liquid will reduce the inertia of the shut-off device during the motion of the working liquid and will improve the lightness, smoothness, speed of opening and closing of the check valve, and will reduce the metal consumption of the product; application of the product provides electricity savings during 35 operation of pumps and pump stations and increases their efficiency factor.

[0009] The drawing displays a “Check valve that regulates the turbulent flow, a “drop” of economy”. The shut-off device (1) of the check valve, in the shape of a hollow "drop", is a sphere whose surface (at a tangent to the radius of the sphere) changes into a cone, a conical surface. On the line of transition of the sphere into a ^0 cone, 5 openings are uniformly (diametrically) arranged, through which (together with the axial opening at the top of the cone) the internal cavity of the shut-off device (1) is connected to the working liquid. In the inner cylindrical opening of the check valve body (2), which goes into a narrowed cut cone with an outlet nozzle, there is (centered and compressed with a spool (3) with an inlet hole) a seat support (4) with a seat (5), a sealing ring (6) and a radial seal (7), an expanded diffuser (8) (with an internal conical surface changing into a spherical surface) and, in the direction of the motion, a narrowed nozzle (9) (with an inner spherical surface changing into a narrowed conical surface and then into a cylindrical one), split in the direction of the flow of the liquid. Along the passage of the nozzle (9), there are rectilinear, inseparably (separately) connected or nozzle (9)-integrated 12 •5 fixed guide blades (10). In addition, the fixed guide blades (10) extend beyond the nozzle (9) in the direction of the diffuser (8), in which the grooves for the projections of the fixed guide blades (10) are made. The guide blades (10), that enter the diffuser (8) grooves, have - in the cross-section - the shape of internal thread turns (twelve turns per inch) with a rounded profile at the top. The inner 0 diameter of the turns forms a conditionally (equivalently) “cylindrical” opening, made up of 12 fixed guide blades (10), which - in the direction to the outlet opening of the check valve - changes into a “narrowed truncated conical” hole, and then into an “extended truncated conical” hole, whose larger diameter is the diameter of the cylindrical opening of the nozzle (9). The “narrowed truncated 5 conical” hole has a cone angle, the same with the angle of the cone of the conical surface of the shut-off device (1), and at the same time is a conditional (equivalent) “center hole”, made up of 12 fixed guide blades (10), in which the shut-off device (1) in the open position of the check valve centers and fixes its “center” (the cone of the conical surface). The diameter of the hole in the transition from the 0 “narrowed truncated conical” hole to the “extended truncated conical” hole is such that the gap between the two guide blades (10) on the same diameter is smaller than the diameter at the top of the cone of the conical surface of the shut-off device (1), when the check valve is in its closed position. The spherical part of the shut-off device (1) is located (lies) in (on) the conditionally (equivalently) “cylindrical” 5 opening, and the tail end of the cone of the conical surface in (on) the diameter of transition from the “narrowed truncated conical” to the “extended truncated conical” hole. In such a position, the axis of the shut-off device (1) is at an angle to the axis of the check valve. When the shut-off device (1) is moved to the outlet of the check valve, its axis - out of the inclined position - automatically centers with 0 the axis of the check valve and is secured against movement in the conditional (equivalent) “center hole”, made of 12 fixed guide blades (10). Thus, the surfaces of the 12 fixed guide blades (10) (together with the surfaces of the shut-off device (1), with the central hole at the top of the cone of the conical surface, diffuser (8) and nozzle (9)) form guide channels, the so-called guide apparatus that regulates 5 and changes the turbulent flow of the working liquid into an axial symmetric stream behind the check valve. The check valve being in the vertical position, regardless of the movement of the working liquid (upward or vice versa), and in the presence of fluid in the check valve, the spherical part of the shut-off device ( 1 ) is always located in the seat (5) of the check valve, provided that the liquid density is Zj fl lesser than the density of the material from which the shut-off device (1) is made.

[0010] Action of the check valve. After starting the water supply system pump, in the process of filling the system with the working liquid, the hollow shut-off device (1), moving simultaneously with the working liquid, automatically centers (takes up the open position of the check valve) its cone of the conical surface ("its center") 4,5 in the "conical" hole ("center hole"), made up of 12 fixed guide blades (10), and its inner hollow cavity is filled with the working liquid through the holes (5+1). The working liquid moving vertically upward, the axis of the shut-off device (1) is located vertically and its spherical end is directed downward. The working liquid - through the 5 holes located horizontally on the diameter of the transition to the tail end of the shut-off device (1) - enters and fills its internal cavity, displacing air through the hole at the top of the cone of the conical surface of the shut-off device (1). From this point on and in the subsequent cycles of the system filling process until the pump deactivation pressure, these holes (5+1) are an additional channel for the flow of the working liquid. After the water supply system is filled and the pump is switched off, the shut-off device (1), under the influence of the return flow (pressure drop) and gravity force, sinks down to the seat (4) of the check valve and blocks the reverse movement of the working liquid.

[0011] The working liquid moving vertically downward, the axis of the shut-off device (1) is located vertically. The spherical part of the shut-off device (1) is above the holes located on the border of the transition and at the top of the cone of its tail end. The working liquid displaces air only from the cone of the conical surface of the shut-off device (1) and fills it to the level of the 5 holes located horizontally on the line of transition to the spherical part. The spherical part of the shut-off device (1) remains filled with air compressed and locked by the working liquid. From that moment on, the capacity mass of the shut-off device (1) becomes less than the density of the working liquid, and the shut-off device (1) acquires the properties of a “float”. After the water supply system is filled and the pump is switched off, under the influence of the reverse motion of the working liquid (pressure drop) and the force that pushes the body immersed in the fluid vertically up (Archimedes law), the shut-off device (1) rises up to the seat (4) of the check valve and blocks the reverse flow of the working liquid.

[0012] The check valve being in the horizontal position, the working liquid almost completely or completely displaces air from the inner cavity (1) through the holes (5+1). After the water supply system is filled and the pump is switched off, under the influence of reverse motion of the working liquid (pressure drop), the shut-off device (1) moves to the seat (4) of the check valve and blocks the reverse flow of the working liquid and holds it due to the pressure drop.

[0013] Action of the check valve as a graduate of air outlet (air cock). When installing the check valve vertically down at the highest point of the water supply system in the direction of the working liquid, the axis of the shut-off device (1) is S' positioned vertically, and the shut-off device (1) itself (its conical end (“center”)) lies in the “center hole”, made up of 12 fixed guide blades (10). The check valve is “open”. When filling the water supply system, the working liquid displaces air from the system pipes through the open check valve. When the working liquid reaches the shut-off device (1), it displaces the air - through the holes (1+5) - from the tail part to the level above the 5 holes located evenly horizontally on the diameter of transition to the spherical surface, and compresses and blocks the air in it. Moving further, the working liquid, holding the shut-off device (1) as a float, sucks it into the seat (4) of the check valve and blocks the movement of the working liquid to the outside. The working liquid, moving by inertia, compresses the residues of air in the inner spherical part of the shut-off device (1), extinguishing, like a pneumatic accumulator, the hydraulic impact of the working liquid. When the air is accumulated in the passage part of the check valve, the shutoff device (1), under the influence of its own weight and the sealing ring (6), sinks down, opens the check valve, releases air, rises up and again blocks the leakage of the working liquid from the water supply system.

Claims

CLAIMS1. The check valve is a full-bore valve, fited with a streamlined shut-off device located in the three longitudinal fixed guide blades, inseparably connected to the inner part of the valve body, with an outlet, a 5 valve seat, which are inter-connected by a captive nut, with an inlet that regulates the turbulent flow after the check valve it differs and is characterized by the fact that a streamlined shut-off device (1) of the check valve (in the shape of a hollow "drop") is a sphere whose surface, tangent to the radius of the sphere, changes into a cone (conical surface), around the 'IO diameter of transition of the sphere into a cone, there are 5 holes evenly located, through which, along with the axial opening at the top of the cone, the internal cavity of the hollow shut-off device (1) is connected to the working liquid, in the inner cylindrical opening of the check valve body (2), which goes into a narrowed cut cone with an outlet nozzle, there is (centered 5 and compressed with a spool (3)) with an inlet hole of a seat support (4) with a seat (5), a sealing ring (6) and a radial seal (7), an expanded diffuser (8) (with an internal conical surface changing into a spherical surface) and, in the direction of the motion, a narrowed nozzle (9) (with an inner spherical surface changing into a narrowed conical surface and then into a cylindrical 2.0 one), along the passage of the nozzle (9) split in the direction of the flow of the liquid, inside, there are straight-line inseparably (separately) connected or integral with the nozzle (9) 12 fixed guide blades (10), in addition, the fixed guide blades (10) protrude beyond the nozzle (9) in the direction of the diffuser (8), in which the grooves are made for them, 12 fixed guide blades 25 (10) that enter the grooves of the diffuser (8), have - in the cross-section - a form of inner thread turns (twelve turns per inch) with a rounded profile at the top, the inner diameter of the thread turns forms a conditionally (equivalently) “cylindrical” opening, made up of 12 fixed guide blades (10), which (in the direction to the outlet opening of the check valve) changes into 7,0 a “narrowed truncated conical” hole, and then goes into an “extended truncated conical” hole, the larger diameter of which is the diameter of the cylindrical opening of the nozzle (9), the “narrowed truncated conical” hole has a cone angle, equal to the angle of the cone of the conical surface of the shut-off device (1), and at the same time is a conditional (equivalent) “center 35 hole” made up of 12 fixed guide blades (10) on the diameter of transition from the "narrowed truncated cone" to "extended truncated cone" (smaller diameter of the "center hole"), the clearance between the fixed guide blades (10) is smaller than the diameter of the cone at the top of the conical surface of the shut-off device (1), when the check valve is in a closed position, when I] 0 the check valve is in the horizontal position, the spherical part of the shut-off (1) device is located (lies) in (on) the conventionally (equivalent) “cylindrical” opening, and the conical surface at the top of the cone in (on) the diameter of transition from the “narrowed truncated conical” to “extended truncated conical” hole, in this position, the axis of the shut-offdevice (1) is at an angle to the axis of the check valve, when the shut-off device (1) moves to the outlet of the check valve, the shut-off device (1) automatically centers its cone of the conical surface with the axis of the check valve and fixes it in the “center hole” in the open position of the check valve, in this way the surfaces of the 12 fixed guide blades (10) (together with the surfaces of the diffuser (8), nozzle (9) and shut-off device (1), with the central hole at the top of the cone (conical surface), create longitudinal guide channels - the so-called guide apparatus - which transforms the turbulent stream of the work liquid into the axial symmetrical stream after the check valve, the check valve being in the vertical position, regardless of the motion of the working liquid (upward or vice versa), and in the presence of fluid in the check valve, the spherical part of the shut-off device (1) is always located in the seat (5) of the check valve provided that the fluid density is less than the density of the stainless steel from which the shut-off device (1) is made.

2. Check valve (under Item 1), which differs in the fact that the shut-off device is made of polyethylene terephthalate using a casting method.

3. Check valve (under Item 1), which differs in the fact that the fixed guide blades (10), that enter the grooves of the diffuser (8), including the grooves themselves, are made rectilinear.

4. Check valve (under Item 1), which differs in its new application as an air releaser (an air cock).

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