Battery safety control system based on single-line inert gas circulation

Abstract

A battery safety control system based on single-line inert gas circulation, which belong to the technical field of the safety of energy storage batteries. The system comprises a safety monitoring subsystem, a safety management subsystem and a single circulation line subsystem. Both thermal management and fire-fighting processes are executed by means of the single circulation line subsystem, thereby avoiding the switching between a thermal management execution mechanism and a fire-fighting execution mechanism, and complex control; and the thermal management and fire-fighting processes are executed by a single line, thereby reducing the construction cost and economic cost and saving on a system mounting space; moreover, an inert gas is used as both a cooling medium to cool a battery pack and a fire suppression medium to perform fire-fighting on the battery pack, which is safe and reliable; and finally, being independent of the control of an energy management system, the safety monitoring subsystem and the safety management subsystem can immediately formulate a cooling or fire-fighting mode when the temperature of the internal environment of the battery pack is excessively high or thermal runaway occurs, and can dynamically adjust, on the basis of a change in the internal environment of the battery pack, the single circulation line subsystem so as to perform a cooling or fire-fighting action on the battery pack.

Description

Battery safety control system based on single-pipeline inert gas circulation TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage battery safety, in particular to a battery safety control system based on single-pipeline inert gas circulation. BACKGROUND

[0002] Currently, in the energy storage market, the thermal management system for heat exchange with the energy storage battery pack for cooling and the fire extinguishing system for fire fighting when the battery pack is in thermal runaway are two independent systems, but both of them are to maintain the safe and stable operation of the battery, and belong to the field of battery safety control.

[0003] However, the independent operation of the thermal management system and the fire extinguishing system not only increases the system cost, occupies the limited space, increases the installation complexity, but also increases the complexity of system control.

[0004] Therefore, the current thermal management system and fire extinguishing system are independent in equipment and execution, which cannot meet the requirements of battery pack safety control. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to solve the problems of high construction cost, large space occupation and low control efficiency caused by the independent operation of the existing thermal management system and fire extinguishing system, the present application provides a battery safety control system based on single-pipeline inert gas circulation.

[0006] A battery safety control system based on single-pipeline inert gas circulation, the energy storage safety supervision system comprises a safety monitoring subsystem, a safety management subsystem and a single circulation pipeline subsystem; the single circulation pipeline subsystem is arranged corresponding to the energy storage battery pack, and the inert gas exchanges heat with or extinguishes fire in the energy storage battery pack through the single circulation pipeline subsystem; the safety monitoring subsystem collects the environmental parameters in the energy storage battery pack and sends them to the safety management subsystem; the safety management subsystem formulates a control mode according to the operating parameters and controls the rate of inert gas delivered by the single circulation pipeline subsystem into the battery pack according to the control mode; the control mode includes a heat treatment mode and a fire extinguishing mode.

[0007] Preferably, the single loop pipeline subsystem comprises: a gas supply pipeline, a gas return pipeline, an electronic regulating valve, a gas return detection unit and a pressure relief valve; inert gas is conducted to the inlet of the electronic regulating valve through the gas supply pipeline, the outlet of the electronic regulating valve is connected to the battery pack, in the control mode, the electronic regulating valve regulates the rate of gas injection into the battery pack; the gas return pipeline is connected to the battery pack to discharge the heat-exchanged inert gas; the gas return detection unit is arranged on the gas return pipeline to detect the state parameters of the heat-exchanged inert gas; the pressure relief valve is arranged on the gas return pipeline and is controlled to be opened or closed by the safety management subsystem.

[0008] Preferably, the environmental parameters of the battery pack and the gas return state parameters comprise but are not limited to: gas type data, gas concentration data, particulate matter concentration data and temperature data.

[0009] Preferably, the battery safety control system further comprises: a gas preparation subsystem; the gas preparation subsystem is controlled by the safety management subsystem and can prepare inert gas and deliver the inert gas into the battery pack through the gas supply pipeline.

[0010] Preferably, the inert gas is non-combustible gas, including but not limited to: nitrogen, argon, helium and carbon dioxide.

[0011] Preferably, the safety monitoring subsystem comprises: a data processing unit, a transmission line and a gas component detector; the gas component detector is arranged in the battery pack to detect the environmental parameters in the battery pack; the gas component detector is in communication connection with the data processing unit through the transmission line, and the data processing unit is also in communication connection with the safety management subsystem to send the environmental parameters to the safety management subsystem.

[0012] Preferably, the safety management subsystem is in communication connection with an external battery energy management subsystem; after the safety management subsystem performs active thermal management or active fire extinguishing on the battery pack, the safety management subsystem sends thermal management or fire extinguishing records to the battery energy management subsystem and receives battery operation parameters from the battery energy management subsystem.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The technical scheme provided by the application comprises a safety monitoring subsystem, a safety management subsystem and a single circulation pipeline subsystem; in the application, the heat management and the fire-fighting process are executed through the single circulation pipeline subsystem, avoiding switching and complicated control of the heat management execution mechanism and the fire-fighting execution mechanism, and the single pipeline executes the heat management and the fire-fighting process, thereby reducing the construction cost and the economic cost and saving the system installation space; in addition, the inert gas is used as the cold-carrying medium to cool the battery pack and as the fire-fighting medium to extinguish the fire of the battery pack, which is safe and reliable; finally, the safety monitoring subsystem and the safety management subsystem are independent of the control of the energy management system, can timely formulate a cooling or fire-fighting mode when the temperature in the battery pack is too high or the battery pack is in thermal runaway, and can dynamically adjust the single circulation pipeline subsystem to cool or extinguish the fire of the battery pack according to the change of the environment in the battery pack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Fig. 1 is an installation schematic diagram of a battery safety control system in the application;

[0016] Fig. 2 is a connection block diagram of the safety control system in the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to better understand the application, the content of the application is further described below in combination with the drawings and examples of the specification. EMBODIMENT

[0018] The embodiment provides a battery safety control system based on single-pipeline inert gas circulation, and an installation schematic diagram of the battery safety control system is shown in Fig. 1, which comprises a safety monitoring subsystem 1, a safety management subsystem 2 and a single circulation pipeline subsystem 3; the single circulation pipeline subsystem 3 is arranged corresponding to an energy storage battery pack, inert gas is transported into the energy storage battery pack through the single circulation pipeline subsystem 3, and after heat exchange or fire-fighting, the inert gas is discharged through the single circulation pipeline subsystem 3; the safety monitoring subsystem 1 collects environmental parameters in the energy storage battery pack, and this process is real-time collection and sending to the safety management subsystem 2; the safety management subsystem 2 formulates a control mode according to the operating parameters, and controls the rate of inert gas transported into the battery pack by the single circulation pipeline subsystem 3 according to the control mode; the control mode comprises a heat treatment mode and a fire-fighting mode. In the heat treatment mode or the fire-fighting mode, the single circulation pipeline subsystem 3 executes the heat treatment or the fire-fighting process, so that there is only one pipeline in the system, installation space is saved, and the construction cost and the economic cost are reduced.

[0019] The single-circuit pipeline subsystem 3 comprises a gas supply pipeline 301, a gas return pipeline 302, an electronic regulating valve 303, a gas return detection unit 304, and a pressure relief valve 305; the gas preparation subsystem is connected to the inlet of the electronic regulating valve 303 through the gas supply pipeline 301, and the outlet of the electronic regulating valve 303 is connected to the battery pack; in the control mode, the gas preparation subsystem and the electronic regulating valve 303 jointly regulate the rate of gas injection into the battery pack; the gas return pipeline 302 connects the battery pack and the gas preparation subsystem, and the gas return detection unit 304 is arranged on the gas return pipeline 302 to detect the state parameters of the gas return and feed back to the safety management subsystem 2, which dynamically adjusts the heat exchange rate or controls the start and stop of the fire-fighting process according to the feedback data; the pressure relief valve 305 is arranged on the gas return pipeline 302 and is controlled to be opened or closed by the safety management subsystem 2; when the pressure relief valve 305 is opened, the combustible gas and the combustion-supporting gas in the battery pack can be quickly discharged to prevent the battery pack from burning violently.

[0020] The environmental parameters of the battery pack and the gas return state parameters include but are not limited to gas type data, gas concentration data, particulate matter concentration data, and temperature data.

[0021] The battery safety control system based on single-pipeline inert gas circulation further comprises a gas preparation subsystem controlled by the safety management subsystem, which can prepare inert gas and deliver it into the battery pack through the gas supply pipeline 301.

[0022] The gas preparation subsystem comprises a gas preparation unit, a temperature control unit, a gas return treatment unit, and a gas return detection unit; the gas preparation unit adjusts the gas preparation rate according to the control mode, the prepared inert gas is cooled by the temperature control unit, and then delivered into the battery pack through the gas supply pipeline 301; the gas return detection unit detects the gas in the gas return pipeline 302 to determine whether the inert gas concentration meets the preset requirements; if it meets the preset requirements, the temperature control unit adjusts the temperature value of the inert gas through the gas return treatment unit, and then continues to exchange heat with the battery pack; otherwise, the gas preparation unit increases the preparation amount of inert gas. The connection block diagram of the safety control system in this embodiment is shown in FIG. 2.

[0023] In this embodiment, the gas preparation unit comprises a nitrogen generator and a cooling mechanism; the air sucked by the air compressor is subjected to adsorption treatment after being dried and filtered to prepare nitrogen gas; the nitrogen gas is cooled by the cooling mechanism and then delivered into the battery pack through the gas supply pipeline 301.

[0024] The inert gas, including but not limited to: nitrogen and other non-combustible gas without combustion characteristics, the inert gas as a cooling medium, at the same time as a fire-fighting medium.

[0025] The safety monitoring subsystem 1 comprises a data processing unit 101, a transmission line 102 and a gas component detector 103; the gas component detector 103 is arranged in the battery pack and detects the environmental parameters in the battery pack; the gas component detector 103 is in communication connection with the data processing unit 101 through the transmission line 102, and the data processing unit 101 is also in communication connection with the safety management subsystem 2 and sends the environmental parameters to the safety management subsystem 2.

[0026] When the temperature in the battery pack rises, the gas component detector 103 detects the temperature rise and sends it to the data processing unit 101 through the transmission line 102, the data processing unit 101 sends the processed gas parameter data to the safety management subsystem 2, the safety management subsystem 2 controls the gas preparation unit to increase the preparation rate of nitrogen (heat treatment mode) after judgment, and controls the opening aperture of the electronic regulating valve 303 to be enlarged at the same time, so as to increase the heat exchange rate of the cold gas in the battery pack, and as the temperature in the battery pack decreases, the safety management subsystem 2 gradually reduces the preparation rate of nitrogen in the gas preparation unit and gradually reduces the valve aperture, so as to realize dynamic adjustment.

[0027] When the battery pack is in thermal runaway, the gas component detector 103 detects the rapid temperature rise and the flammable gas generated in the battery pack, and sends it to the data processing unit 101 through the transmission line 102, the data processing unit 101 sends the processed gas parameter data to the safety management subsystem 2, the safety management subsystem 2 controls the gas preparation unit to start high-power nitrogen preparation (fire-fighting mode) after judgment, and controls the opening aperture of the electronic regulating valve 303 to be adjusted to the maximum at the same time, and opens the pressure relief valve 305, so as to fully ventilate the battery pack and fill it with inert gas, so as to avoid violent combustion and explosion.

[0028] The safety management subsystem 2 is in communication connection with an external battery energy management subsystem; after the safety management subsystem 2 actively manages the heat or actively fights the fire, the safety management subsystem 2 sends the heat management or fire-fighting record to the battery energy management subsystem and receives the battery operation parameters from the battery energy management subsystem. The battery safety control system and the battery energy management subsystem provided by the application belong to the energy management system, the battery safety control system and the battery energy management subsystem are independent of each other, only data interaction exists between the two, no control interaction exists, and there is a superior-subordinate relationship in the control level, so as to ensure that the battery safety control system provided by the application can quickly execute the heat management and fire-fighting process.

[0029] Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery safety control system based on single-pipeline inert gas circulation, characterized in that, The energy storage safety monitoring system includes: a safety monitoring subsystem (1), a safety management subsystem (2), and a single-loop pipeline subsystem (3). The single-loop pipeline subsystem (3) is set up in relation to the energy storage battery pack. Inert gas is supplied to the energy storage battery pack for heat exchange or fire suppression through the single-loop pipeline subsystem (3). The safety monitoring subsystem (1) collects environmental parameters inside the energy storage battery pack and sends them to the safety management subsystem (2). The safety management subsystem (2) formulates a control mode based on the operating parameters and controls the rate at which the single-loop pipeline subsystem (3) supplies inert gas to the battery pack according to the control mode. The control modes include: heat treatment mode and fire protection mode.

2. The battery safety control system based on single-pipeline inert gas circulation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The single-loop pipeline subsystem (3) includes: a gas supply pipeline (301), a gas return pipeline (302), an electronic regulating valve (303), a gas return detection unit (304), and a pressure relief valve (305). Inert gas is supplied through the gas supply line (301) to the inlet of the electronic regulating valve (303), and the outlet of the electronic regulating valve (303) is connected to the battery pack. In the control mode, the electronic regulating valve (303) regulates the rate at which gas is injected into the battery pack. The return gas line (302) is connected to the battery pack to discharge the inert gas after heat exchange. The return gas detection unit (304) is installed on the return gas line (302) to detect the state parameters of the inert gas after heat exchange. The pressure relief valve (305) is installed on the return gas line (302) and is opened or closed under the control of the safety management subsystem (2).

3. A battery safety control system based on single-pipeline inert gas circulation as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The environmental parameters of the battery pack and the return gas status parameters include, but are not limited to: gas type data, gas concentration data, particulate matter concentration data, and temperature data.

4. A battery safety control system based on single-pipeline inert gas circulation as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The battery safety control system further includes: a gas preparation subsystem; The gas preparation subsystem is controlled by the safety management subsystem and can prepare inert gas and deliver it to the battery pack through the gas supply pipeline (301).

5. A battery safety control system based on single-pipeline inert gas circulation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inert gas is a non-flammable gas, including but not limited to: nitrogen, argon, helium and carbon dioxide.

6. A battery safety control system based on single-pipeline inert gas circulation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The safety monitoring subsystem (1) includes: a data processing unit (101), a transmission line (102), and a gas component detector (103). The gas component detector (103) is installed inside the battery pack to detect the environmental parameters inside the battery pack; the gas component detector (103) is connected to the data processing unit (101) through the transmission line (102), and the data processing unit (101) is also connected to the safety management subsystem (2) to send the environmental parameters to the safety management subsystem (2).

7. A battery safety control system based on single-pipeline inert gas circulation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The safety management subsystem (2) communicates with the external battery energy management subsystem; after performing active thermal management or active fire protection on the battery pack, the safety management subsystem (2) sends thermal management or fire protection records to the battery energy management subsystem and receives battery operating parameters from the battery energy management subsystem.

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