Antenna feeder system, base station, antenna, antenna control method and apparatus, and communication system

Abstract

Provided are an antenna feeder system, a base station, an antenna, an antenna control method and apparatus, and a communication system. The antenna feeder system comprises a first antenna and a second antenna which are arranged adjacent to each other. The first antenna comprises a first element array. The second antenna comprises a second element array and a frequency selection module. The second element array and the first element array are arranged in parallel and have different operating frequency bands. The frequency selection module is arranged between the first element array and the second element array and can switch between at least two filtering states. The at least two filtering states respectively allow electromagnetic waves having different frequency bands to be transmitted, and one filtering state among the at least two filtering states allows electromagnetic waves having the operating frequency band of the first antenna to be transmitted. According to the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, when antenna deployment is performed in the antenna feeder system, the first antenna can be flexibly selected or replaced according to deployment requirements, thereby improving the flexibility of antenna deployment.

Description

Antenna systems, base stations, antennas, antenna control methods and devices, and communication systems.

[0001] Cross-reference of related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410696244.1, filed on May 30, 2024, entitled "Antenna Feeder System, Base Station, Antenna, Antenna Control Method and Apparatus and Communication System", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of mobile communication technology, and in particular to an antenna feeder system, a base station, an antenna, an antenna control method and device, and a communication system. Background Technology

[0004] In the field of mobile communication technology, base stations are access network devices used to provide wireless signal coverage. Specifically, a base station can provide wireless signal coverage through an antenna feeder system including at least one antenna, and can also receive, send, or transmit wireless signals through this antenna feeder system.

[0005] With the rapid development of the wireless communication industry, in order to meet people's growing demand for mobile communication speed and bandwidth, it is necessary to design communication systems with higher speed and larger capacity. As a result, the number and form of antennas included in the antenna feeder system are also increasing. How to improve the flexibility of antenna deployment is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides an antenna feeder system, a base station, an antenna, an antenna control method and apparatus, and a communication system to improve the flexibility of antenna deployment.

[0007] According to one aspect of this application, an antenna feed system is provided, including a first antenna and a second antenna arranged adjacent to each other. The first antenna includes a first dipole array, and the second antenna includes a second dipole array and a frequency selection module. The second dipole array is arranged in parallel with the first dipole array and operates in a different frequency band. The frequency selection module is located between the first dipole array and the second dipole array. The frequency selection module is capable of switching between at least two filtering states, wherein the frequency bands of electromagnetic waves allowed to be transmitted by the at least two filtering states are different from each other, and one of the at least two filtering states allows electromagnetic waves of the operating frequency band of the first antenna to be transmitted.

[0008] According to the technical solution of this application, the frequency selection module of the second antenna can switch between at least two filtering states, and in one of the filtering states, electromagnetic waves in the operating frequency band of the first antenna are allowed to pass through. Therefore, the frequency selection module can be adaptively adjusted based on the operating frequency band of the selected first antenna, so that the first and second antennas can each transmit and receive signals within their respective operating frequency bands. This allows for flexible selection or replacement of the first antenna with a suitable operating frequency band when deploying antennas in the antenna feeder system, resulting in high deployment flexibility. Furthermore, when one of the first or second antennas needs to be removed or replaced, the other antenna does not need to be replaced and can still transmit and receive signals normally, thus saving on antenna procurement and maintenance costs.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first antenna further includes a first identification tag, and the second antenna further includes a first identification module and a control module. The first identification module is used to identify the first identification tag to obtain the operating frequency band information of the first antenna. The control module is electrically connected to the first identification module and the frequency selection module respectively. The control module is configured to: acquire the operating frequency band information of the first antenna; determine, based on the operating frequency band information of the first antenna, a target filtering state that allows electromagnetic wave transmission of the operating frequency band of the first antenna from at least two filtering states; and send a control signal to the frequency selection module to control the frequency selection module to switch to the target filtering state.

[0010] According to this design, the second antenna can obtain the operating frequency band information of the first antenna through its first identification module, and control the frequency selection module to switch to the target filtering state that allows electromagnetic wave transmission in the operating frequency band of the first antenna. Thus, the frequency selection module of the second antenna can automatically make adaptive adjustments according to the operating frequency band of the selected first antenna. This not only improves the flexibility of antenna deployment, but also improves the efficiency of antenna deployment.

[0011] In some embodiments, the frequency selection module includes a passive frequency selective surface, wherein, when the frequency selection module switches filtering states, at least a portion of the passive frequency selective surface changes its position relative to the first and second oscillator arrays. Although the frequency selection characteristics of the passive frequency selective surface remain fixed after processing, the frequency selection characteristics of the portion of its structure relative to the first and second oscillator arrays can be adjusted by layering and / or partitioning it and by moving at least a portion of its structure. Based on this design concept, the frequency selection module can not only switch filtering states, but its structure can also be designed to be relatively simple and reliable.

[0012] In some embodiments, the passive frequency selective surface is a single-layer passive frequency selective surface, which includes at least two frequency selective sub-regions, wherein the frequency bands of electromagnetic waves allowed to be transmitted by the at least two frequency selective sub-regions are different from each other. The frequency selection module further includes a driving module, which is electrically connected to the control module and tractively connected to the single-layer passive frequency selective surface, for moving the single-layer passive frequency selective surface based on a control signal, so that the frequency selective sub-region that allows the transmission of electromagnetic waves in the operating frequency band of the first antenna is moved to be opposite to the first and second vibrator arrays. This embodiment switches the frequency selection module to a target filtering state that allows the transmission of electromagnetic waves in the operating frequency band of the first antenna by moving the single-layer passive frequency selective surface.

[0013] In some embodiments, the single-layer passive frequency selective surface is strip-shaped; the drive module includes a first roller and a second roller that are arranged opposite to each other and rotate in the same direction, wherein the two ends of the single-layer passive frequency selective surface along its length are fixed to the first roller and the second roller respectively. In this embodiment, the single-layer passive frequency selective surface is designed with a conveyor belt and is transported by the drive module, and the transmission structure can be designed to be simple and reliable.

[0014] In some embodiments, the passive frequency selective surface includes multiple passive frequency selective surface sublayers; the frequency selection module further includes a driving module electrically connected to the control module and tractively connected to at least one of the multiple passive frequency selective surface sublayers, for moving at least one passive frequency selective surface sublayer based on a control signal, so that the combination of the portions of the multiple passive frequency selective surface sublayers opposite to the first and second vibrator arrays allows electromagnetic wave transmission in the operating frequency band of the first antenna. This embodiment switches the frequency selection module to a target filtering state that allows electromagnetic wave transmission in the operating frequency band of the first antenna by moving at least one passive frequency selective surface sublayer. Since the structure of each passive frequency selective surface sublayer can be flexibly designed, and since moving at least one passive frequency selective surface sublayer by the driving module allows the multiple passive frequency selective surface sublayers to present more selectable filtering states after combination, in these embodiments of the present application, the product selection space for the first antenna is larger, which is more conducive to saving antenna procurement and maintenance costs.

[0015] In some embodiments, any two passive frequency selective surface sublayers among the plurality of passive frequency selective surface sublayers are allowed to transmit electromagnetic waves in the same frequency band; or, at least two passive frequency selective surface sublayers among the plurality of passive frequency selective surface sublayers are allowed to transmit electromagnetic waves in different frequency bands; or, at least one passive frequency selective surface sublayer among the plurality of passive frequency selective surface sublayers includes at least two frequency selective sub-regions, wherein the at least two frequency selective sub-regions are allowed to transmit electromagnetic waves in different frequency bands. The number and structure of each passive frequency selective surface sublayer can be flexibly designed based on the frequency selection requirements of the frequency selection module.

[0016] In some embodiments, the plurality of passive frequency selective surface sublayers are each in the form of a strip; the drive module includes at least one roller group, with each roller group corresponding to one or more passive frequency selective surface sublayers. Each roller group includes a first roller and a second roller that are arranged opposite to each other and rotate in the same direction. The two ends of each passive frequency selective surface sublayer along its length are fixed to the first roller and the second roller of the corresponding roller group. In this embodiment, at least one passive frequency selective surface sublayer is designed as a conveyor belt and is transported by the drive module, allowing for a simple and reliable transmission structure.

[0017] In some embodiments, the first antenna further includes a first radome, a first feed network, and a reflector, wherein the first element array, the reflector, and the first feed network are disposed within the first radome, the first element array is disposed on the side of the reflector facing the frequency selection module, and the first identification tag is disposed within the first radome or on the outer surface of the first radome; the second antenna further includes a second antenna radome and a second feed network, wherein the second element array, the second feed network, the frequency selection module, and the control module are disposed within the second antenna radome, and the first identification module is disposed within the second antenna radome or exposed on the outer surface of the second antenna radome. Depending on the specific product type of the first identification tag, the first identification tag may be disposed within the first radome or on the outer surface of the first radome, and the first identification module may be disposed within the second antenna radome or exposed on the outer surface of the second antenna radome.

[0018] In some embodiments, the second antenna further includes a second identification tag; the first antenna further includes a second identification module, which is used to identify the second identification tag to obtain the operating frequency band information of the second antenna; wherein, at least one of the first identification module and the second identification module is further used to transmit the operating frequency band information of the first antenna and / or the operating frequency band information of the second antenna to the baseband processing unit of the base station.

[0019] In this embodiment, the first and second antennas can mutually identify their operating frequency band information. This allows the second antenna's frequency selection module to adaptively adjust to the operating frequency band of the selected first antenna. Furthermore, the first and / or second antennas can communicate with the baseband processing unit of the base station, transmitting their operating frequency band information to the baseband processing unit. The baseband processing unit can store the received operating frequency band information and, in addition, can perform cluster management and monitoring of multiple antennas in the antenna feeder system based on the AISG (Antenna Interface Standards Group) protocol.

[0020] In some embodiments, the first identification tag is a physical tag or an electronic tag; the second identification tag is also a physical tag or an electronic tag. The product types of the first and second identification tags can be flexibly selected.

[0021] In some embodiments, the first antenna is an active antenna or a passive antenna; the second antenna is also an active antenna or a passive antenna. Active antennas have higher output signal energy and are characterized by high gain, low source impedance, and high output power. Passive antennas have lower output power than active antennas, but offer advantages such as high waveform fidelity, low loss, and reliable operation.

[0022] In some embodiments, the antenna feed system further includes a mast and an adjustment bracket, wherein the first antenna and the second antenna are mounted on the mast via the adjustment bracket, and the second antenna is located on the side of the mast opposite to the first antenna. After the first antenna and the second antenna are mounted on the mast, they can each transmit and receive signals within their respective operating frequency bands. Moreover, the first antenna with an operating frequency band suitable for the first antenna can be flexibly selected or replaced according to deployment requirements. In some embodiments, the first antenna and the second antenna are stacked. In this way, the first antenna and the second antenna can not only transmit and receive signals within their respective operating frequency bands, but also save space occupied by antenna deployment.

[0023] According to one aspect of this application, a base station is provided, which includes an antenna feed system according to any of the foregoing embodiments. Since the frequency selection module of the second antenna can selectively switch to a filtering state that allows electromagnetic wave transmission within the operating frequency band of the first antenna, when deploying antennas in the antenna feed system, the first antenna suitable for the operating frequency band can be flexibly selected or replaced according to deployment requirements. Therefore, not only is the antenna deployment highly flexible, but the antenna procurement and maintenance costs can also be saved.

[0024] In some embodiments, a base station may include a baseband processing unit, a remote radio frequency unit, and an antenna feed system connected in sequence. When the first or second antenna of the antenna feed system is a passive antenna, it can communicate with the baseband processing unit through the remote radio frequency unit. In other embodiments, the base station may include a baseband processing unit and an antenna feed system, wherein the first or second antenna of the antenna feed system is an active antenna, which can directly amplify the received signal or generate a new signal, and can communicate directly with the baseband processing unit.

[0025] According to one aspect of this application, an antenna is provided, comprising a dipole array, an identification module, a frequency selection module, and a control module. The identification module is used to identify an identification tag of another antenna to obtain its operating frequency band information. The frequency selection module is located on one side of the dipole array and is capable of switching between at least two filtering states, each of which allows transmission of electromagnetic waves in different frequency bands. The control module is electrically connected to both the identification module and the frequency selection module and is configured to: acquire the operating frequency band information of the other antenna; determine a target filtering state from the at least two filtering states that allows transmission of electromagnetic waves in the operating frequency band of the other antenna; and send a control signal to the frequency selection module to control the frequency selection module to switch to the target filtering state.

[0026] According to the embodiments of this application, the antenna can obtain the operating frequency band information of another antenna through the identification module, and control the frequency selection module to switch to the target filtering state that allows the electromagnetic wave transmission of the operating frequency band of the other antenna through its control module. Thus, the frequency selection module can automatically make adaptive adjustments according to the operating frequency band of the selected antenna. This not only improves the flexibility of antenna deployment, but also improves the efficiency of antenna deployment.

[0027] In some embodiments, the frequency selection module includes a passive frequency selective surface, wherein, when the frequency selection module switches filtering states, the positional state of at least a portion of the passive frequency selective surface relative to the oscillator array changes. The frequency selection characteristics of the portion of the passive frequency selective surface relative to the first and second oscillator arrays can be adjusted by layering and / or partitioning the passive frequency selective surface and by moving at least a portion of its structure. Based on this design concept, the frequency selection module can not only achieve filtering state switching, but its structure can also be designed to be relatively simple and reliable.

[0028] In some embodiments, the passive frequency selective surface is a single-layer passive frequency selective surface, which includes at least two frequency selective sub-regions, wherein the frequency bands of electromagnetic waves allowed to be transmitted by the at least two frequency selective sub-regions are different from each other. The frequency selection module further includes a driving module, which is electrically connected to the control module and tractively connected to the single-layer passive frequency selective surface, for moving the single-layer passive frequency selective surface based on a control signal, so that the frequency selective sub-region that allows the transmission of electromagnetic waves in the operating frequency band of another antenna is moved to be opposite to the first and second vibrator arrays. The frequency selection module can be switched to a target filtering state that allows the transmission of electromagnetic waves in the operating frequency band of the other antenna by moving the single-layer passive frequency selective surface.

[0029] In some embodiments, the passive frequency selective surface includes multiple passive frequency selective surface sublayers; the frequency selection module further includes a driving module electrically connected to the control module and drively connected to at least one of the multiple passive frequency selective surface sublayers, for moving at least one passive frequency selective surface sublayer based on a control signal, so that the combination of the portions of the multiple passive frequency selective surface sublayers opposite the vibrator array allows electromagnetic wave transmission in the operating frequency band of the other antenna. Since the structure of each passive frequency selective surface sublayer can be flexibly designed, and since moving at least one passive frequency selective surface sublayer by the driving module allows the multiple passive frequency selective surface sublayers to exhibit more selectable filtering states after combination, the product selection space for the aforementioned other antenna is larger, which is more conducive to saving antenna procurement and maintenance costs.

[0030] According to one aspect of this application, an antenna control method is provided, which can be applied to the antenna feed system of any of the foregoing embodiments. The antenna control method includes:

[0031] Obtain the operating frequency band information of the first antenna;

[0032] Based on the operating frequency band information of the first antenna, a target filtering state that allows electromagnetic wave transmission within the operating frequency band of the first antenna is determined from at least two filtering states; and

[0033] Send a control signal to the frequency selection module to control the frequency selection module to switch to the target filtering state.

[0034] According to one aspect of this application, an antenna control device is provided, which can be applied to the antenna feed system of any of the foregoing embodiments. The antenna control device includes:

[0035] The acquisition unit is configured to acquire the operating frequency band information of the first antenna;

[0036] The determining unit is configured to determine, based on the operating frequency band information of the first antenna, a target filtering state that allows electromagnetic wave transmission within the operating frequency band of the first antenna from at least two filtering states; and

[0037] The transmitting unit is configured to send a control signal to the frequency selection module to control the frequency selection module to switch to the target filtering state.

[0038] According to the antenna control method or antenna control device of the above embodiments, the frequency selection module of the second antenna can make adaptive adjustments according to the operating frequency band of the selected first antenna. Thus, the first antenna and the second antenna can each transmit and receive signals within their respective operating frequency bands. In this way, when deploying antennas in the antenna feed system, the first antenna with an applicable operating frequency band can be flexibly selected or replaced according to deployment requirements, thereby providing high flexibility in antenna deployment.

[0039] According to one aspect of this application, a communication system is provided, including the base station of the foregoing embodiments. This communication system, based on the design scheme of the foregoing embodiments, offers greater flexibility in antenna deployment, thus enabling wider application. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the antenna feeder system in the relevant technology;

[0041] Figure 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of an antenna feeder system according to some embodiments of this application;

[0042] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first antenna and the second antenna of the antenna feeder system according to some embodiments of this application;

[0043] Figure 4A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first antenna and the second antenna of the antenna feeder system according to some embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 4B is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first antenna and the second antenna of the antenna feeder system according to some embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 5A is a partial top view of a single-layer passive frequency selection surface according to some embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 5B is a schematic diagram of a drive module moving a single-layer passive frequency selection surface according to some embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 6A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first antenna and the second antenna of the antenna feeder system according to some embodiments of this application;

[0048] Figure 6B is a schematic diagram showing the change in frequency selectivity of two passive frequency selective surface sublayers due to changes in their relative positions in some embodiments of this application.

[0049] Figure 7 is a structural block diagram of a base station according to some embodiments of this application;

[0050] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure according to some embodiments of this application;

[0051] Figure 9 is a flowchart illustrating an antenna control method according to some embodiments of this application;

[0052] Figure 10 is a structural block diagram of an antenna control device according to some embodiments of this application.

[0053] Figure label:

[0054] The reference numerals in the related technical drawings are as follows: 100-Antenna feeder system; 10-Mast; 11-Antenna; 12-Adjustment bracket; 13-Feeder line; 14-Connector seal; 15-Grounding device.

[0055] The reference numerals in the embodiments of this application are as follows: 500-base station; 300-baseband processing unit; 400-remote radio frequency unit; 200-antenna feed system; 25-pole; 26-adjustment bracket; 21-first antenna; 210-first vibrator array; 211-first identification tag; 212-first radome; 213-first feed network; 214-reflector; 215-second identification module; 217-first end cap; 218-first connector; 22-second antenna; 220-second vibrator array; 221-first identification module; 222-frequency selection module; 2220-housing; 23-passive frequency selection surface; 230-frequency selection sub-region; 231-passive frequency selection surface sub-layer; 223-control module; 224-second antenna radome; 225-second feed network; 226-Second identification tag; 227-Second end cap; 228-Second connector; 24-Drive module; 241-First roller; 242-Second roller; 243-First motor; 244-Second motor; 245-Chain drive mechanism; 246-First sprocket; 247-Second sprocket; 248-Chain; 800-Antenna; 820-Voltage array; 821-Identification module; 822-Frequency selection module; 823-Control module; 900-Antenna control method; S901~S903-Steps; 1000-Antenna control device; 1001-Acquisition unit; 1002-Determination unit; 1003-Transmission unit. Detailed Implementation

[0056] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0057] The terminology used in the following embodiments is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the singular expressions “a,” “an,” “the,” “the,” “the,” and “this” are intended to also include expressions such as “one or more” unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0058] References to “an embodiment” or “a specific embodiment” as used in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “having,” and variations thereof mean “including, but not limited to,” unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0059] Antenna feeder systems are crucial equipment for base stations to transmit radio frequency signals and transmit and receive electromagnetic waves. In related technologies, as shown in Figure 1, an antenna feeder system 100 generally includes a mast 10, at least one antenna 11 (one antenna 11 is shown in the figure), an adjustment bracket 12, a feed line 13, several connector seals 14, and a grounding device 15. The antenna 11 can be mounted on the mast 10 via the adjustment bracket 12, which allows adjustment of the antenna 11's position and / or angle relative to the mast 10. The antenna 11 can be connected to the feed line 13 via the connector seals 14 (in this document, "connection" of two electrical structures can be understood as "electrical connection"), and the feed line 13 can be connected to the grounding device 15 via additional connector seals 14.

[0060] With the rapid development of the wireless communication industry, in order to meet the ever-increasing demands for mobile communication speeds and bandwidth, it is necessary to design communication systems with higher speeds and larger capacities. Consequently, the number and form of antennas included in antenna feeder systems are also increasing. When deploying multiple antennas in an antenna feeder system, special attention must be paid to the mutual interference between antennas operating in different frequency bands; otherwise, it can easily affect the normal transmission and reception of their respective signals. How to improve the flexibility of antenna deployment is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.

[0061] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide an antenna feeder system, a base station, a communication system, an antenna, and an antenna control method and apparatus to improve the flexibility of antenna deployment.

[0062] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0063] Figure 2 shows a partial structural schematic diagram of an antenna feeder system 200 according to some embodiments of this application. The antenna feeder system 200 according to this embodiment includes a first antenna 21 and a second antenna 22 arranged adjacent to each other. Figure 3 shows a structural schematic diagram of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 of the antenna feeder system 200 according to some embodiments of this application.

[0064] Referring to FIG3, the first antenna 21 of the antenna feed system 200 includes a first dipole array 210, and the second antenna 22 of the antenna feed system 200 may include a second dipole array 220 and a frequency selection module 222. The second dipole array 220 is arranged parallel to the first dipole array 210 and operates in a different frequency band. The frequency selection module 222 is located between the first dipole array 210 and the second dipole array 220. The frequency selection module 222 can switch between at least two filtering states, each allowing electromagnetic waves to be transmitted in a different frequency band. Furthermore, one of the at least two filtering states allows electromagnetic waves in the operating frequency band of the first antenna 21 to be transmitted.

[0065] In the embodiments of this application, both the first oscillator array 210 and the second oscillator array 220 may include multiple oscillators arranged in a two-dimensional array. Each oscillator, also known as an antenna oscillator or radiating element, is used to radiate or receive electromagnetic waves. The phrase "the second oscillator array 220 is arranged parallel to the first oscillator array 210" can be understood as meaning that, within an allowable error range, the array arrangement plane of the first oscillator array 210 is parallel to the array arrangement plane of the second oscillator array 220.

[0066] In the embodiments of this application, "the frequency bands of electromagnetic waves that are allowed to be transmitted by at least two filtering states are different from each other" can be understood as follows: on the frequency coordinate axis, the applicable frequency ranges of different filtering states do not overlap, or the applicable frequency ranges of different filtering states overlap but are not completely overlapping. For example, in some embodiments, the operating frequency band of the second oscillator array 220 can be 690–960 MHz, and the operating frequency band of the first oscillator array 210 can be 3300–3800 MHz, 1710–2690 MHz, or 2490–2690 MHz, etc.

[0067] In this embodiment, the frequency selection module 222 is located between the first transducer array 210 and the second transducer array 220. It can switch between at least two filtering states. In the target filtering state, also known as "one of the filtering states" above, on the one hand, electromagnetic waves in the operating frequency band of the first antenna 21 can pass through the frequency selection module 222 along the direction from the first transducer array 210 to the second transducer array 220, allowing the first antenna 21 to normally transmit electromagnetic waves in its operating frequency band. On the other hand, electromagnetic waves in the operating frequency band of the first antenna 21 can also pass through the frequency selection module 222 along the direction from the second transducer array 220 to the first transducer array 210, allowing the first antenna 21 to normally receive electromagnetic waves in its operating frequency band. Since the frequency selection module 222 allows different frequency bands of electromagnetic waves to be transmitted in different filtering states, the frequency bands of electromagnetic waves reflected by the frequency selection module 222 in different filtering states can also be different. Therefore, the frequency selection module 222 can have certain reflection characteristics. In some embodiments, the electromagnetic waves reflected by the frequency selection module 222 can enhance the performance of the second antenna 22, thereby improving the gain and directivity of the second antenna 22.

[0068] According to the technical solution of this application embodiment, the frequency selection module 222 of the second antenna 22 can switch between at least two filtering states, and in one of the filtering states, electromagnetic waves in the operating frequency band of the first antenna 21 are allowed to be transmitted. That is, the frequency selection module 222 of the second antenna 22 can be adaptively adjusted based on the operating frequency band of the first antenna 21 to be deployed, so that the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 can each transmit and receive signals within their respective operating frequency bands. In this way, when deploying antennas in the antenna feed system 200, the first antenna 21 with a suitable operating frequency band can be flexibly selected or replaced according to deployment requirements, thus providing high flexibility in antenna deployment.

[0069] Furthermore, according to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, when it is necessary to remove or replace one of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22, the other antenna does not need to be replaced at the same time and can still transmit and receive signals normally. In this way, the purchase cost and maintenance cost of the antenna can be saved.

[0070] In some embodiments of this application, as shown in FIG2, the antenna feed system 200 designed based on the above embodiments may further include a mast 25 and an adjustment bracket 26. The first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 can be mounted on the mast 25 via the adjustment bracket 26, and the second antenna 22 can be located on the side of the first antenna 21 facing away from the mast 25. In embodiments of this application, the antenna feed system 200 may also include components such as feed lines, connector seals, and grounding devices, which are not shown in FIG2 but can be understood by referring to the relevant components in FIG1.

[0071] As shown in Figure 2, the adjustment bracket 26 is mounted on the mast 25, and the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 are mounted on the adjustment bracket 26. Therefore, the position and / or angle of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 relative to the mast 25 can be adjusted by adjusting the orientation of the adjustment bracket 26. This application embodiment does not specifically limit the mounting method of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22. In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2, the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 can be mounted on the same adjustment bracket 26, so that their position and / or angle relative to the mast 25 can be adjusted synchronously. In other embodiments of this application, the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 can each be mounted on a separate adjustment bracket 26 (this embodiment is not shown in the accompanying drawings), so that their position and / or angle relative to the mast 25 can be adjusted separately. In these embodiments, the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 can each transmit and receive signals within their respective operating frequency bands. The first antenna 21 with an appropriate operating frequency band can be flexibly selected or replaced according to deployment requirements, thus providing high flexibility in antenna deployment.

[0072] In some embodiments, the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 can be arranged close to each other. For example, as shown in FIG2, the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 can be stacked. This arrangement not only allows each antenna to transmit and receive signals within its own operating frequency band, but also saves space occupied by antenna deployment. In other embodiments of this application, the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 can also be spaced apart by a certain distance, for example, by having a certain installation gap between them.

[0073] In some embodiments of this application, the antenna feed system 200 designed based on the above embodiments may further include an antenna tower (not shown in the figure), and the aforementioned mast 25 may be mounted on the antenna tower. Depending on different antenna deployment requirements, the antenna feed system 200 may include one or more of the aforementioned masts 25, and one or more sets of adjacently arranged first antennas 21 and second antennas 22 may be mounted on the one or more masts 25.

[0074] This application embodiment does not limit the active or passive type of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22. The first antenna 21 can be an active antenna or a passive antenna, and the second antenna 22 can be an active antenna or a passive antenna. An active antenna is an antenna capable of directly amplifying a received signal or generating a new signal. This type of antenna can convert wireless signals into electrical signals and amplify or modulate them, thereby enhancing the signal. Because active antennas can generate signals themselves, their output signal energy is relatively large, and they have characteristics such as high gain, low source impedance, and high output power. A passive antenna is an antenna that cannot directly amplify signals. It does not generate energy itself and requires external electrical input to operate. The output power of a passive antenna is lower than that of an active antenna, but it has advantages such as high waveform fidelity, low loss, and reliable operation.

[0075] In some embodiments, at least one of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 may be a Massive MIMO (massive multiple input multiple output) active antenna. Massive MIMO is an extension of MIMO (multiple input multiple output) technology, which increases the number of transmitting antennas by an order of magnitude, thereby further improving the antenna gain.

[0076] In the antenna feed system 200 designed based on the above embodiments, the first antenna 21 can be a dual-polarized antenna or a single-polarized antenna, and the second antenna 22 can be a dual-polarized antenna or a single-polarized antenna. For example, in some embodiments, at least one of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 is a dual-polarized antenna, which includes two polarization directions, +45° and -45° (the direction of the electric field intensity formed when the antenna radiates is called the polarization direction of the antenna). Compared with a single-polarized antenna, a dual-polarized antenna has higher signal transmission and reception efficiency.

[0077] In some embodiments of this application, based on the design of the above embodiments, the switching of the filtering state of the frequency selection module 222 can be manually triggered or automatically triggered.

[0078] For example, in some examples, a button can be set on the second antenna 22. When the button is triggered, the frequency selection module 222 switches from one filtering state to another according to a certain switching sequence. In other examples, a wireless control device (such as a remote control or mobile terminal) is configured for the second antenna 22. When a button on the wireless control device is triggered, the frequency selection module 222 can switch from one filtering state to another.

[0079] In some embodiments of this application, the switching of the filtering state of the frequency selection module 222 can also be automatically triggered. Referring to FIG4A, in another embodiment of the antenna feeder system 200 of this application, the first antenna 21 may further include a first identification tag 211, and the second antenna 22 may further include a first identification module 221 and a control module 223. The first identification module 221 is used to identify the first identification tag 211 to obtain the operating frequency band information of the first antenna 21. The control module 223 is electrically connected to the first identification module 221 and the frequency selection module 222 respectively and configured to: acquire the operating frequency band information of the first antenna 21; based on the operating frequency band information of the first antenna 21, determine the target filtering state that allows electromagnetic wave transmission of the operating frequency band of the first antenna 21 from the above-mentioned at least two filtering states; and send a control signal to the frequency selection module 222 to control the frequency selection module 222 to switch to the target filtering state.

[0080] This application embodiment does not limit the content of the information carried by the first identity tag 211. For example, in some embodiments, the first identity tag 211 may carry the operating frequency band information of the first antenna 21, such as related data information of the operating frequency band of the first antenna 21. The first identification module 221 can directly obtain the operating frequency band information of the first antenna 21 by reading the first identity tag 211. For example, in other embodiments, the first identity tag 211 may carry the identity information of the first antenna 21 (such as the identification number of the first antenna 21). The first identification module 221 can read the identity information of the first antenna 21, and then obtain the operating frequency band information of the first antenna 21 based on the identity information of the first antenna 21 and the stored correspondence between antenna identity information and operating frequency band.

[0081] In this embodiment, the first identification tag 211 can be a physical tag or an electronic tag. In some embodiments, the physical tag can be, for example, a barcode tag or a QR code tag, and the first identification module 221 can be, for example, a camera or scanner facing the physical tag. An electronic tag, also known as a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag, is the carrier of RFID technology. The electronic tag and the first identification module 221 can constitute an RFID system, which can include a reader and antenna (not shown in the figure) disposed on the first identification module 221, and a transceiver (not shown in the figure) disposed on the electronic tag. The reader emits electromagnetic pulses through the antenna, and the transceiver receives the electromagnetic pulses and sends the stored information to the reader in response.

[0082] According to the design scheme of the embodiment shown in FIG4A of this application, the second antenna 22 can obtain the operating frequency band information of the first antenna 21 through its first identification module 221, and control the frequency selection module 222 to switch to the target filtering state that allows electromagnetic wave transmission of the operating frequency band of the first antenna 21 through its control module 223. Thus, the frequency selection module 222 of the second antenna 22 can automatically make adaptive adjustments according to the operating frequency band of the selected first antenna 21. In this way, not only can the flexibility of antenna deployment be improved, but also the efficiency of antenna deployment can be improved.

[0083] The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific structural form of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22.

[0084] In some embodiments of this application, as shown in Figures 3 and 4A, the first antenna 21, based on the structure of the aforementioned embodiments, may further include a first radome 212, a first feed network 213 (only a simplified partial structure is shown in the figures), and a reflector 214. The first vibrator array 210, the reflector 214, and the first feed network 213 are disposed within the first radome 212. The first vibrator array 210 is disposed on the side of the reflector 214 facing the frequency selection module 222. The first identification tag 211 may be disposed within the first radome 212 or on the outer surface of the first radome 212. The second antenna 22, based on the structure of the aforementioned embodiments, may further include a second radome 224 and a second feed network 225 (only a simplified partial structure is shown in the figures). The second vibrator array 220, the second feed network 225, the frequency selection module 222, and the control module 223 may be disposed within the second radome 224. The first identification module 221 may be disposed within the second radome 224 or exposed on the outer surface of the first radome 212.

[0085] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 3 and 4A, the first antenna 21 may further include a first end cap 217 connected to the first radome 212, and a first connector 218 disposed on the first end cap 217, etc. The second antenna 22 may further include a second end cap 227 connected to the second radome 224, and a second connector 228 disposed on the second end cap 227, etc. The first radome 212 and the second radome 224 can protect the antenna from the influence of the external environment, and they generally have good electromagnetic wave penetration characteristics and mechanical strength performance.

[0086] As shown in Figures 3 and 4A, in some embodiments of this application, the first vibrator array 210 may be disposed on one side surface of the reflector 214 of the first antenna 21. The frequency selection module 222 may include a housing 2220, and the second vibrator array 220 may be disposed on the surface of the housing 2220. The housing 2220 may be made of a material with good electromagnetic wave penetration characteristics and mechanical strength. In other embodiments of this application, the second vibrator array 220 may also be disposed inside the second antenna 22 in other optional mounting structures, such as on a mounting bracket (not shown in the figures). This application does not specifically limit this aspect.

[0087] The reflector 214, also known as a base plate, antenna panel, or metal reflector, is usually made of metal. It enhances antenna performance by reflecting signals, improving antenna gain and directivity, thereby making signal transmission and reception more sensitive, stable, and reliable. The reflector 214 can also be used as a mounting carrier; for example, the first element array 210 and the first feed network 213 can be mounted on the reflector 214.

[0088] The first connector 218 and the second connector 228 can serve as the RF interface of the antenna, connecting to the feed line of the antenna feed system 200. The first feed network 213 is connected between the first connector 218 and the first vibrator array 210 (the specific connection structure is not shown in the figure), and the second feed network 225 is connected between the second connector 228 and the second vibrator array 220 (the specific connection structure is not shown in the figure). The feed network can form a transmission path for RF signals between the connector and the vibrator array, and is used to achieve functions such as impedance matching, amplitude adjustment, and phase adjustment of the signal. In some embodiments of this application, the first feed network 213 can be mounted on the reflector 214, and the second feed network 225 can be mounted on the housing 2220 of the frequency selection module 222 (as shown in Figures 3 and 4A). In other embodiments of this application, the second feed network 225 can also be disposed inside the second antenna 22 in other optional mounting structures, such as on a mounting bracket (not shown in the figure), which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0089] Depending on the specific product type of the first identification tag 211, it can be disposed inside the first radome 212 or on its outer surface. The first identification module 221 can be disposed inside the second radome 224 or exposed on its outer surface. As shown in Figure 4A, in some embodiments, a physical tag serving as the first identification tag 211 can be disposed on the outer surface of the first radome 212, and a camera or scanner serving as the first identification module 221 can be disposed on the second radome 224 and exposed on its outer surface. In other embodiments (not illustrated in the figures), an electronic tag serving as the first identification tag 211 can be disposed inside the first radome 212, and the first identification module 221, which includes a reader and an antenna, can be disposed inside the second radome 224.

[0090] Figure 4B shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 of the antenna feed system 200 according to some other embodiments of this application. Based on the design concept of the embodiment shown in Figure 4A, this embodiment further improves upon the following:

[0091] The second antenna 22 also includes a second identification tag 226, and the first antenna 21 also includes a second identification module 215. The second identification module 215 is used to identify the second identification tag 226 to obtain the operating frequency band information of the second antenna 22. At least one of the first identification module 221 and the second identification module 215 is also used to transmit the operating frequency band information of the first antenna 21 and / or the operating frequency band information of the second antenna 22 to the base band unit (BBU) of the base station.

[0092] In these embodiments, the second identification tag 226 can be a physical tag or an electronic tag. The product type that the second identification tag 226 can be selected, the installation method of the second identification tag 226 and the second identification module 215, etc., can be referred to the foregoing description of the first identification tag 211 and the first identification module 221, and will not be repeated in detail here.

[0093] A base station typically consists of a baseband processing unit, a remote radio unit (RRU), and an antenna feeder system connected in sequence. As mentioned earlier, the antenna feeder system is mainly responsible for the transmission of radio frequency signals and the transmission and reception of electromagnetic waves. The baseband processing unit mainly performs functions such as channel encoding and decoding, modulation and demodulation of baseband signals, and protocol processing. It also needs to provide interface functions with upper-layer network elements and is usually installed in the mobile communication equipment room. The remote radio unit is the intermediate bridge between the antenna and the baseband processing unit. When the base station receives signals, the remote radio unit filters, amplifies with low noise, and converts the radio frequency signal from the antenna into an optical signal before transmitting it to the baseband processing unit. When the base station transmits signals, the remote radio unit converts the optical signal from the baseband processing unit into a radio frequency signal, amplifies it through the antenna, and then transmits it.

[0094] In some base station architectures, such as some 5G (5th generation) base stations, the remote radio frequency unit and the antenna of the antenna feed system can be integrated into one unit to form an active antenna unit (AAU), which is the active antenna described above. Therefore, in the embodiments of this application, when the first antenna 21 or the second antenna 22 is an active antenna, it can communicate directly with the baseband processing unit; when the first antenna 21 or the second antenna 22 is a passive antenna, it can communicate with the baseband processing unit through the remote radio frequency unit.

[0095] In the embodiments shown in Figure 4B of this application, the second antenna 22 can obtain the operating frequency band information of the first antenna 21 through its first identification module 221, and the first antenna 21 can obtain the operating frequency band information of the second antenna 22 through its second identification module 215. Thus, the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 can mutually identify each other's operating frequency band information. In this way, on the one hand, the frequency selection module 222 of the second antenna 22 can adaptively adjust to the operating frequency band of the selected first antenna 21; on the other hand, the first antenna 21 and / or the second antenna 22 can also communicate with the baseband processing unit of the base station, thereby transmitting the operating frequency band information of the first antenna 21 and / or the second antenna 22 to the baseband processing unit. The baseband processing unit can store the operating frequency band information of the first antenna 21 and / or the second antenna 22. In addition, it can perform cluster management and monitoring of multiple antennas of the antenna feed system 200 based on the AISG (antenna interface standards group) protocol, such as monitoring or adjusting the azimuth angle, downtilt angle, mounting height, latitude and longitude coordinates and signal strength of electrically adjustable antennas, which is conducive to achieving compatibility between different antenna products and control systems.

[0096] This application does not limit the specific structural form of the frequency selection module 222. The following are only examples of some alternative design schemes for the frequency selection module 222.

[0097] As shown in Figure 4A, in some embodiments, the frequency selection module 222 may include a passive frequency selective surface 23. A passive frequency selective surface (FSS) is a two-dimensional periodic array structure composed of multiple passive resonant units. It has a specific frequency selection function and can interact with electromagnetic waves, exhibiting obvious bandpass or bandstop filtering characteristics. The passive frequency selective surface can be a patch structure or a slotted structure. The patch structure involves periodically patching metal units onto a dielectric surface to serve as a bandstop-type passive frequency selective surface, while the slotted structure involves periodically slotting a metal plate to serve as a bandpass-type passive frequency selective surface. The frequency response of the passive frequency selective surface is related to the geometry and arrangement design of the resonant units. Once the structure of the passive frequency selective surface is fabricated, its frequency selection characteristics remain fixed.

[0098] Although the frequency selectivity of the passive frequency selective surface 23 remains fixed after processing, its frequency selectivity relative to the first oscillator array 210 and the second oscillator array 220 can be adjusted by layering and / or partitioning it and by moving at least a portion of its structure. In some embodiments of this application, when the frequency selection module 222 switches the filtering state, the position of at least a portion of the passive frequency selective surface 23 relative to the first oscillator array 210 and the second oscillator array 220 also changes. Based on this design concept, the frequency selection module 222 can not only switch the filtering state, but its structure can also be designed to be relatively simple and reliable.

[0099] As shown in Figure 4A, in some embodiments, the passive frequency selective surface 23 can be a single-layer passive frequency selective surface 23, and the main structure of the frequency selection module 222 can include the single-layer passive frequency selective surface 23 and the driving module 24. Figure 5A shows a partial top view of the single-layer passive frequency selective surface 23 according to some embodiments of this application. Referring to Figures 4A and 5A, in some embodiments of this application, the single-layer passive frequency selective surface 23 can include at least two frequency selective sub-regions 230, wherein the geometric shape and arrangement of the resonant units (not shown in the figure) of different frequency selective sub-regions 230 are not completely identical, thus the frequency bands of the electromagnetic waves allowed to be transmitted by the at least two frequency selective sub-regions 230 are different from each other. For example, in some examples, the single-layer passive frequency selective surface 23 may include three frequency selective sub-regions 230, the frequency bands of electromagnetic waves that are allowed to be transmitted by the three frequency selective sub-regions 230 being 3300-3800MHz, 1710-2690MHz, and 2490-2690MHz, respectively.

[0100] In this embodiment, the drive module 24 is electrically connected to the control module 223 and is drive-connected to the single-layer passive frequency selective surface 23. The drive module 24 can move the single-layer passive frequency selective surface 23 based on the control signal so that the frequency selective sub-regions 230 that allow electromagnetic waves to be transmitted through the operating frequency band of the first antenna 21 are moved to be opposite to the first oscillator array 210 and the second oscillator array 220. As a result, the frequency selective module 222 switches to the target filtering state.

[0101] The specific structure of the drive module 24 is not limited. It may include a drive source and a transmission mechanism for transmitting power between the drive source and the single-layer passive frequency selection surface 23. The drive source may include, for example, a motor or a cylinder, and the transmission mechanism may include, for example, at least one of a belt drive mechanism, a gear drive mechanism, a chain drive mechanism, or a worm gear drive mechanism. The transmission mechanism may be designed in various structural styles as needed.

[0102] Based on the above-mentioned selectable design schemes of the passive frequency selective surface 23, the specific design shape of the passive frequency selective surface 23 is not limited in the embodiments of this application. For example, as shown in Figures 4A and 5A, in some embodiments, the single-layer passive frequency selective surface 23 is strip-shaped, and the above-mentioned at least two frequency selective sub-regions 230 are arranged sequentially along its length direction. The drive module 24 includes a first roller 241 and a second roller 242 that are arranged opposite to each other and rotate in the same direction. The first roller 241 and the second roller 242 can serve as the transmission ends of the above-mentioned transmission mechanism, and the two ends of the single-layer passive frequency selective surface 23 along its length direction are fixed to the first roller 241 and the second roller 242 respectively. When the first roller 241 and the second roller 242 rotate in the forward direction (clockwise or counterclockwise rotation can be defined as the forward rotation direction), the single-layer passive frequency selective surface 23 is wound into the first roller 241 and rolled out of the second roller 242. When the first roller 241 and the second roller 242 rotate in the reverse direction, the single-layer passive frequency selective surface 23 is rolled out of the first roller 241 and wound into the second roller 242. Thus, as the first roller 241 and the second roller 242 rotate in the forward or reverse direction, each frequency selective sub-region 230 can be moved to a position opposite to the first oscillator array 210 and the second oscillator array 220, thereby realizing the switching of the filtering state of the frequency selection module 222. In this embodiment, the single-layer passive frequency selective surface 23 adopts a conveyor belt design and is transmitted by the drive module 24, and the transmission structure can be designed to be simple and reliable.

[0103] Figure 5B shows a schematic diagram of a drive module 24 moving a single-layer passive frequency selection surface 23, such as in the embodiments described above, according to some embodiments of this application. In these embodiments shown in Figure 5B, the drive source of the drive module 24 may include a first motor 243 and a second motor 244, and the transmission mechanism of the drive module 24 may include a chain drive mechanism 245. As shown, the chain drive mechanism 245 may include a first sprocket 246 coaxially connected to the first roller 241, a second sprocket 247 coaxially connected to the second roller 242, and a chain 248 meshing with the first sprocket 246 and the second sprocket 247. The first motor 243 drives the first roller 241 to rotate forward, at which time the second roller 242 is driven to rotate forward by the chain 248. The second motor 244 drives the second roller 242 to rotate in the opposite direction, at which time the first roller 241 is driven to rotate in the opposite direction by the chain 248. The chain drive mechanism 245 has the characteristics of accurate transmission ratio, reliable operation, and high efficiency. The structural design of the drive module 24 in this embodiment is only an example of this application. The drive module 24 can also be designed with other structures based on other transmission types, which will not be listed here.

[0104] As shown in Figure 6A, in some embodiments of this application, the passive frequency selective surface 23 may also be selectively designed to include multiple passive frequency selective surface sub-layers 231 (two passive frequency selective surface sub-layers 231 are shown in the figure). The frequency selection module 222 includes the multiple passive frequency selective surface sub-layers 231 and a driving module 24. The driving module 24 is electrically connected to the control module 223 and is drivenly connected to at least one of the multiple passive frequency selective surface sub-layers 231 (the driving module 24 is drivenly connected to the upper passive frequency selective surface sub-layer 231 in the figure). It is used to move the at least one passive frequency selective surface sub-layer based on a control signal so that the combination of the portions of the multiple passive frequency selective surface sub-layers 231 opposite to the first oscillator array 210 and the second oscillator array 220 allows electromagnetic wave transmission in the operating frequency band of the first antenna 21.

[0105] The specific number of passive frequency selective surface sublayers 231 is not limited. As shown in FIG6A, multiple passive frequency selective surface sublayers 231 are schematically represented as two. In other embodiments of this application, multiple passive frequency selective surface sublayers 231 may also be three or more.

[0106] The superposition of the bandpass and / or bandstop characteristics of multiple passive frequency selective surface sublayers 231 can make the combination of these multiple passive frequency selective surface sublayers 231 exhibit a certain frequency selectivity as a whole. As shown in Figure 6B, it is a schematic diagram of the change in frequency selectivity characteristics of two passive frequency selective surface sublayers 231 due to the change in their relative positions in some embodiments of this application. The graphic structure of the passive frequency selective surface sublayers 231 is not used to represent the actual design structure. In the upper part of Figure 6B, the two passive frequency selective surface sublayers 231 are in a first relative position. In the lower part of Figure 6B, the upper passive frequency selective surface sublayer 231 is driven to move, so that the two passive frequency selective surface sublayers 231 are in a second relative position. It can be seen that when at least one passive frequency selective surface sublayer 231 is moved by the driving module 24 (such as moving the upper passive frequency selective surface sublayer 231), the relative positions of the multiple passive frequency selective surface sublayers 231 change as a whole. Therefore, the frequency selection characteristics of the combination of the multiple passive frequency selective surface sublayers 231 also change. Since the filtering state of the frequency selection module 222 is jointly determined by the parts of each passive frequency selective surface sublayer 231 that are opposite to the first oscillator array 210 and the second oscillator array 220, the frequency selection module 222 can be switched to different filtering states by moving at least one passive frequency selective surface sublayer 231.

[0107] In these embodiments of the present application, since the structure of each passive frequency selective surface sublayer 231 can be flexibly designed, and since moving at least one passive frequency selective surface sublayer 231 by the driving module 24 can make multiple passive frequency selective surface sublayers 231 present more selectable filtering states after combination, the first antenna 21 has a larger product selection space in these embodiments of the present application, which is more conducive to saving antenna procurement costs and maintenance costs.

[0108] In some embodiments, any two passive frequency selective surface sublayers 231 among the plurality of passive frequency selective surface sublayers 231 allow electromagnetic waves to be transmitted in the same frequency band. For example, the geometry and arrangement of the resonant units of each passive frequency selective surface sublayer 231 can be completely identical. In one example, the passive frequency selective surface 23 includes two passive frequency selective surface sublayers, and the geometry and arrangement of the resonant units of the two passive frequency selective surface sublayers 231 are completely identical. By moving one of the passive frequency selective surface sublayers, the two passive frequency selective surface sublayers can be in two relative position states. In one relative position state, the bandpass and / or bandstop characteristics of the two passive frequency selective surface sublayers 231 are superimposed, and the combined whole allows electromagnetic waves of the first frequency band to be transmitted. In the other relative position state, the bandpass and / or bandstop characteristics of the two passive frequency selective surface sublayers 231 are superimposed, and the combined whole allows electromagnetic waves of the second frequency band to be transmitted.

[0109] In some embodiments, at least two of the aforementioned passive frequency selective surface sublayers 231 may allow electromagnetic waves to be transmitted in different frequency bands. For example, the geometry and / or arrangement of the resonant units of the at least two passive frequency selective surface sublayers 231 may be designed differently.

[0110] In some embodiments, at least one of the plurality of passive frequency selective surface sublayers 231 may also be designed, with reference to the single-layer passive frequency selective surface 23, to include at least two frequency selective sub-regions 230, wherein the frequency bands of electromagnetic waves transmitted by the at least two frequency selective sub-regions 230 are different from each other. The number and structure of each passive frequency selective surface sublayer 231 can be flexibly designed based on the frequency selection requirements of the frequency selection module 222.

[0111] This application does not limit the specific design shape of the multiple passive frequency selective surface sublayers 231 in this embodiment. As shown in FIG6A, based on the design scheme of this embodiment described above, in some embodiments of this application, the multiple passive frequency selective surface sublayers 231 may be strip-shaped, and the driving module 24 may include at least one roller group (shown as one roller group in the figure). The at least one roller group is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the at least one passive frequency selective surface sublayer 231 that needs to be moved. Each roller group includes a first roller 241 and a second roller 242 that are arranged opposite to each other and rotate in the same direction. The two ends of the length direction of each passive frequency selective surface sublayer 231 that needs to be moved are fixed to the first roller 241 and the second roller 242 of the corresponding roller group.

[0112] In this embodiment, at least one passive frequency selective surface sublayer 231 is designed with a conveyor belt and is transported by the drive module 24. The transmission structure can be designed to be simple and reliable. In this embodiment, the specific structure of the drive module 24 is not limited. It may include a drive source and a transmission mechanism for transmitting power between the drive source and the aforementioned at least one passive frequency selective surface sublayer 231 that needs to be moved. The drive source may include, for example, a motor or a cylinder, and the transmission mechanism may include, for example, at least one of a belt drive mechanism, a gear drive mechanism, a chain drive mechanism, or a worm gear drive mechanism. The transmission mechanism can be designed in various structural styles as needed. In some embodiments, the mechanical principle of the drive module 24 shown in FIG5B can be used to design the at least one passive frequency selective surface sublayer 231 that needs to be moved, but the embodiments of this application are not limited thereto.

[0113] In some embodiments of this application, the frequency selection module 222 may not use the passive frequency selection surface 23 described above, but instead uses an active frequency selection surface (the design structures of these embodiments are not shown in the accompanying drawings). The active frequency selection surface is a two-dimensional periodic array structure composed of multiple active resonant units. In some embodiments, each active resonant unit may include an absorbing material structure and an active device (such as a diode). By adjusting the active device, the frequency selection characteristics of the absorbing material structure can be changed. Since the frequency selection characteristics of the active frequency selection surface can be adjusted by the active device, the position of the active frequency selection surface relative to the first oscillator array 210 and the second oscillator array 220 can remain fixed.

[0114] According to some embodiments of this application, a base station is also provided, which includes an antenna feeder system 200 according to any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0115] As shown in Figure 7, it is a structural block diagram of a base station 500 according to some embodiments of the present application. The base station 500 includes a baseband processing unit 300, a remote radio frequency unit 400, and an antenna feeder system 200 according to any of the foregoing embodiments, which are connected in sequence.

[0116] As shown in Figure 7, in some embodiments, the antenna feed system 200 includes a first antenna 21 and a second antenna 22. The first antenna 21 mainly includes a first dipole array (not shown in Figure 7), a first identification tag 211, and a second identification module 215. The second antenna 22 mainly includes a second dipole array (not shown in Figure 7), a second identification tag 226, a first identification module 221, a frequency selection module 222, and a control module 223. In this embodiment, the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 can mutually identify each other's operating frequency band information. Furthermore, at least one of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 can communicate with the baseband processing unit 300, thereby transmitting the operating frequency band information of the first antenna 21 and / or the second antenna 22 to the baseband processing unit 300.

[0117] In other embodiments of this application, the second antenna 22 of the antenna feed system 200 may not include the aforementioned second identification tag 226, and the first antenna 21 of the antenna feed system 200 may not include the aforementioned second identification module 215. Thus, the second antenna 22 can identify the operating frequency band information of the first antenna 21, and the second antenna 22 can transmit the operating frequency band information of the first antenna 21 to the baseband processing unit 300.

[0118] In some base station architectures, such as some 5G (5th generation) base stations, the remote radio frequency unit and the antenna of the antenna feed system can be integrated into one unit to form an active antenna unit (AAU), which is the active antenna described above. Therefore, in this embodiment, when the first antenna 21 or the second antenna 22 is an active antenna, it can communicate directly with the baseband processing unit 300; when the first antenna 21 or the second antenna 22 is a passive antenna, it can communicate with the baseband processing unit 300 through the remote radio frequency unit 400.

[0119] According to the technical solution of this application embodiment, since the frequency selection module 222 of the second antenna 22 can select and switch to the filtering state that allows the electromagnetic wave transmission of the working frequency band of the first antenna 21, when deploying the antenna of the antenna feed system 200, the first antenna 21 with the appropriate working frequency band can be flexibly selected or replaced according to the deployment requirements. Thus, not only is the antenna deployment more flexible, but the antenna procurement cost and maintenance cost can also be saved.

[0120] As shown in Figure 8, some embodiments of this application also provide an antenna 800, which includes a vibrator array 820, an identification module 821, a frequency selection module 822, and a control module 823. The identification module 821 is used to identify the identity tag of another antenna (such as the aforementioned optional first antenna 21) to obtain the operating frequency band information of that other antenna. The frequency selection module 822 is located on one side of the vibrator array 820 and is capable of switching between at least two filtering states, each of which allows transmission of electromagnetic waves in different frequency bands. The control module 823 is electrically connected to the identification module 821 and the frequency selection module 822, respectively, and is configured to: acquire the operating frequency band information of the other antenna; determine, based on the operating frequency band information of the other antenna, a target filtering state that allows transmission of electromagnetic waves in the operating frequency band of the other antenna from the at least two filtering states; and send a control signal to the frequency selection module 822 to control the frequency selection module 822 to switch to the target filtering state.

[0121] In some embodiments, the frequency selection module 822 may include a passive frequency selection surface, and when the frequency selection module 822 switches the filtering state, at least a portion of the passive frequency selection surface changes its position relative to the oscillator array 820.

[0122] Based on this design concept, in some embodiments, the passive frequency selective surface can be a single-layer passive frequency selective surface, which includes at least two frequency selective sub-regions, wherein the frequency bands of electromagnetic waves that are allowed to be transmitted by the at least two frequency selective sub-regions are different from each other; the frequency selection module also includes a driving module, which is electrically connected to the control module and drively connected to the single-layer passive frequency selective surface, for moving the single-layer passive frequency selective surface based on the control signal, so that the frequency selective sub-region that allows the transmission of electromagnetic waves of the operating frequency band of another antenna in the at least two frequency selective sub-regions is moved to be opposite to the vibrator array.

[0123] Based on the above design concept, in some embodiments, the passive frequency selective surface may include multiple passive frequency selective surface sub-layers; the frequency selection module also includes a driving module, which is electrically connected to the control module and drively connected to at least one of the multiple passive frequency selective surface sub-layers, for moving at least one passive frequency selective surface sub-layer based on a control signal, so that the combination of the portions of the multiple passive frequency selective surface sub-layers opposite to the oscillator array allows electromagnetic wave transmission in the operating frequency band of another antenna.

[0124] The structural design of antenna 800 can refer to the design of the second antenna 22 in the previous embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0125] According to the embodiment of this application, the antenna 800 can obtain the operating frequency band information of another antenna through the identification module 821, and control the frequency selection module 822 to switch to the target filtering state that allows the electromagnetic wave transmission of the operating frequency band of the other antenna through its control module 823. Thus, the frequency selection module 822 can automatically make adaptive adjustments according to the operating frequency band of the selected antenna. This not only improves the flexibility of antenna deployment, but also improves the efficiency of antenna deployment.

[0126] As shown in Figure 9, according to some embodiments of this application, an antenna control method 900 is also provided, which can be applied to the antenna feed system 200 of any of the foregoing embodiments. Some structures of the antenna feed system 200 can be referred to in Figures 3, 4A, 4B or 6A, and will not be described in detail here.

[0127] Referring to FIG9, the antenna control method 900 of this application embodiment may include the following steps S901 to S903, wherein,

[0128] In step S901, the operating frequency band information of the first antenna 21 is obtained;

[0129] In step S902, based on the operating frequency band information of the first antenna 21, the target filtering state that allows electromagnetic wave transmission of the operating frequency band of the first antenna 21 is determined from at least two filtering states of the frequency selection module 222.

[0130] In step S903, a control signal is sent to the frequency selection module 222 to control the frequency selection module 222 to switch to the target filtering state.

[0131] As shown in Figure 10, according to some embodiments of this application, an antenna control device 1000 is also provided, which can be applied to the antenna feed system 200 of any of the foregoing embodiments. Part of the structure of the antenna feed system 200 can be referred to Figures 3, 4A, 4B or 6A, and will not be described in detail here.

[0132] Referring to FIG10, the antenna control device 1000 of this application embodiment may include:

[0133] Acquisition unit 1001 is configured to acquire the operating frequency band information of the first antenna 21;

[0134] The determining unit 1002 is configured to determine, based on the operating frequency band information of the first antenna 21, a target filtering state that allows electromagnetic wave transmission within the operating frequency band of the first antenna 21 from at least two filtering states of the frequency selection module 222; and

[0135] The transmitting unit 1003 is configured to send a control signal to the frequency selection module 222 to control the frequency selection module 222 to switch to the target filtering state.

[0136] According to the antenna control method 900 or antenna control device 1000 described in the embodiments of this application, the frequency selection module 222 of the second antenna 22 can make adaptive adjustments according to the operating frequency band of the selected first antenna 21. Thus, the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 can each transmit and receive signals within their respective operating frequency bands. In this way, when deploying antennas in the antenna feed system 200, the first antenna 21 with an applicable operating frequency band can be flexibly selected or replaced according to deployment requirements, thereby providing high flexibility in antenna deployment.

[0137] According to some embodiments of this application, a communication system is provided, which includes the base station of the aforementioned embodiments. This communication system, based on the design scheme of the aforementioned embodiments, offers greater flexibility in antenna deployment, thus enabling its wider application.

[0138] The communication system in this application embodiment can be various communication systems, such as: Global System of Mobile Communication (GSM) system, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) system, LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD) system, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) communication system, 5th Generation (5G) system, New Radio (NR) system, or future communication systems, etc., without limitation.

[0139] The access network equipment described in this application embodiment is sometimes also referred to as an access node. The access network equipment has wireless transceiver capabilities for communicating with terminals. Access network equipment includes, but is not limited to, base stations, evolved NodeBs (eNodeBs), transmission reception points (TRPs) in the aforementioned communication systems, next-generation NodeBs (gNBs) in 5G mobile communication systems, base stations in future mobile communication systems, access network equipment or modules of access network equipment in open RAN (ORAN) systems, base stations in future mobile communication systems, or access nodes in WiFi (wireless fidelity) systems.

[0140] In some embodiments, the access network equipment may be a module or unit capable of implementing some of the functions of a base station. For example, the access network equipment may be a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU), etc. In an ORAN system, CU may also be called O(open, O)-CU, DU may also be called O-DU, CU-CP may also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP may also be called O-CU-UP, and RU may also be called O-RU.

[0141] In some embodiments, the access network device can be a macro base station, micro base station, indoor base station, relay node, or donor node, or a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. A macro base station, also known as a macrocell base station, can cover a large area, such as cities or rural areas. Macro base stations generally have high transmission power and long communication distances, supporting a large number of users communicating simultaneously. A micro base station, also known as a microcell base station, has a relatively smaller coverage area compared to macro base stations. It is typically used in densely populated areas such as cities, commercial areas, and indoor spaces. Micro base stations have lower transmission power and shorter communication distances, but generally provide higher network capacity and better signal quality. Indoor base stations are base stations that can be used in indoor environments. They can be installed in large buildings, shopping malls, airports, subways, and other indoor locations to provide indoor wireless communication coverage.

[0142] In some embodiments, the access network device may also be a server, a wearable device, or an in-vehicle device. For example, the access network device in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology may be a roadside unit (RSU).

[0143] In the embodiments of this application, the multiple access network devices in the communication system can be base stations of the same type or base stations of different types. The base station can communicate with the terminal or communicate with the terminal through a relay station. The terminal can communicate with multiple base stations in different access technologies. This application does not make specific limitations in this regard.

[0144] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A system of antennas and feeders, characterized in that, The antenna system comprises: a first antenna comprising a first dipole array; and a second antenna arranged adjacent to the first antenna, the second antenna comprising a second dipole array and a frequency selection module, wherein the second dipole array is arranged in parallel with the first dipole array, and the second dipole array is different from the first dipole array in operating frequency band; the frequency selection module is arranged between the first dipole array and the second dipole array, and the frequency selection module is capable of switching between at least two filtering states, wherein the at least two filtering states respectively allow electromagnetic waves of different frequency bands to be transmitted, and one of the at least two filtering states allows electromagnetic waves of the operating frequency band of the first antenna to be transmitted.

2. The antenna system according to claim 1, wherein the first antenna further comprises a first identity tag; the second antenna further comprises a first identification module and a control module, wherein the first identification module is configured to identify the first identity tag to obtain operating frequency band information of the first antenna; the control module is electrically connected with the first identification module and the frequency selection module, respectively, and the control module is configured to: obtain the operating frequency band information of the first antenna; determine a target filtering state from the at least two filtering states based on the operating frequency band information of the first antenna, wherein the target filtering state allows electromagnetic waves of the operating frequency band of the first antenna to be transmitted; and send a control signal to the frequency selection module to control the frequency selection module to switch to the target filtering state.

3. The antenna system according to claim 2, wherein the frequency selection module comprises a passive frequency selection surface, wherein at least a part of the passive frequency selection surface changes its position state relative to the first dipole array and the second dipole array when the frequency selection module switches filtering states.

4. The antenna system according to claim 3, wherein the passive frequency selection surface is a single-layer passive frequency selection surface, and the single-layer passive frequency selection surface comprises at least two frequency selection sub-regions, wherein the at least two frequency selection sub-regions respectively allow electromagnetic waves of different frequency bands to be transmitted; the frequency selection module further comprises a driving module, the driving module is electrically connected with the control module and is drivingly connected with the single-layer passive frequency selection surface, and the driving module is configured to move the single-layer passive frequency selection surface based on the control signal, so that a frequency selection sub-region of the at least two frequency selection sub-regions that allows electromagnetic waves of the operating frequency band of the first antenna to be transmitted moves to be opposite to the first dipole array and the second dipole array.

5. The antenna system according to claim 4, wherein the single-layer passive frequency selection surface is in the shape of a strip; the driving module comprises a first roller and a second roller arranged opposite to each other and rotating in the same direction, and two ends of the single-layer passive frequency selection surface in the length direction are fixed to the first roller and the second roller, respectively.

6. The antenna system according to claim 3, wherein The passive frequency selective surface comprises a plurality of passive frequency selective surface sub-layers; The frequency selection module further comprises a driving module electrically connected with the control module and in transmission connection with at least one passive frequency selective surface sub-layer of the plurality of passive frequency selective surface sub-layers, for moving the at least one passive frequency selective surface sub-layer based on the control signal, so that the combination of the portions of the plurality of passive frequency selective surface sub-layers opposite to the first and second arrays of dipoles allows the electromagnetic waves of the operating frequency band of the first antenna to be transmitted.

7. The antenna and feeder system according to claim 6, characterized in that, any two passive frequency selective surface sub-layers of the plurality of passive frequency selective surface sub-layers allow the transmission of electromagnetic waves of the same frequency band; or at least two passive frequency selective surface sub-layers of the plurality of passive frequency selective surface sub-layers allow the transmission of electromagnetic waves of different frequency bands from each other; or at least one passive frequency selective surface sub-layer of the plurality of passive frequency selective surface sub-layers comprises at least two frequency selection sub-regions, wherein the at least two frequency selection sub-regions allow the transmission of electromagnetic waves of different frequency bands.

8. The antenna and feeder system according to claim 6, characterized in that, the plurality of passive frequency selective surface sub-layers are in the shape of strips, respectively; the driving module comprises at least one roller set corresponding to the at least one passive frequency selective surface sub-layer, each roller set comprising a first roller and a second roller arranged oppositely and rotating in the same direction, wherein the two ends of each passive frequency selective surface sub-layer in the length direction are fixed to the first roller and the second roller of the corresponding roller set, respectively.

9. The antenna and feeder system according to claim 2, characterized in that, the first antenna further comprises a first antenna cover, a first feeding network and a reflecting plate, wherein the first array of dipoles, the reflecting plate and the first feeding network are arranged in the first antenna cover, the first array of dipoles is arranged on the side of the reflecting plate facing the frequency selection module, and the first identity tag is arranged in the first antenna cover or on the outer surface of the first antenna cover; the second antenna further comprises a second antenna cover and a second feeding network, wherein the second array of dipoles, the second feeding network, the frequency selection module and the control module are arranged in the second antenna cover, and the first identification module is arranged in the second antenna cover or exposed on the outer surface of the second antenna cover.

10. The antenna and feeder system according to claim 2, characterized in that, the second antenna further comprises a second identity tag; the first antenna further comprises a second identification module for identifying the second identity tag to obtain the operating frequency band information of the second antenna. The first identification module and the second identification module are further configured to transmit the operating frequency band information of the first antenna and / or the operating frequency band information of the second antenna to a baseband processing unit of a base station.

11. The antenna and feeder system of claim 10, wherein, The first identity tag is a physical tag or an electronic tag. The second identity tag is a physical tag or an electronic tag.

12. The antenna and feeder system of any one of claims 1-11, wherein, The first antenna is an active antenna or a passive antenna. The second antenna is an active antenna or a passive antenna.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein, Further comprising: A holding pole; And An adjusting bracket; The first antenna and the second antenna are mounted on the holding pole through the adjusting bracket, the first antenna and the second antenna are arranged in a stacked manner, and the second antenna is arranged on a side of the first antenna which is away from the holding pole.

14. A base station, characterized by Comprising: The antenna and feeder system of any one of claims 1-13.

15. An antenna, characterized by Comprising: A dipole array; An identification module configured to identify an identity tag of another antenna to obtain operating frequency band information of the other antenna; A frequency selection module located on a side of the dipole array and capable of switching between at least two filtering states, wherein the at least two filtering states allow electromagnetic waves of different frequency bands to be transmitted, respectively; and A control module electrically connected to the identification module and the frequency selection module, respectively, and configured to: obtain the operating frequency band information of the other antenna; determine a target filtering state from the at least two filtering states based on the operating frequency band information of the other antenna, wherein the target filtering state allows electromagnetic waves of the operating frequency band of the other antenna to be transmitted; and send a control signal to the frequency selection module to control the frequency selection module to switch to the target filtering state.

16. The antenna of claim 15, wherein, The frequency selection module comprises a passive frequency selection surface, wherein at least a portion of the passive frequency selection surface changes a position state relative to the dipole array when the frequency selection module switches the filtering state.

17. The antenna of claim 16, wherein, The passive frequency selection surface is a single-layer passive frequency selection surface comprising at least two frequency selection sub-regions, wherein the at least two frequency selection sub-regions allow electromagnetic waves of different frequency bands to be transmitted, respectively; the frequency selection module further comprises a driving module electrically connected to the control module and transmissionally connected to the single-layer passive frequency selection surface, and configured to move the single-layer passive frequency selection surface based on the control signal, so that a frequency selection sub-region of the at least two frequency selection sub-regions which allows electromagnetic waves of the operating frequency band of the other antenna to be transmitted moves to be opposite to the first dipole array and the second dipole array; or The passive frequency selective surface includes multiple passive frequency selective surface sub-layers; the frequency selection module further includes a driving module, which is electrically connected to the control module and tractively connected to at least one of the multiple passive frequency selective surface sub-layers, for moving the at least one passive frequency selective surface sub-layer based on the control signal, so that the combination of the portions of the multiple passive frequency selective surface sub-layers opposite to the vibrator array allows electromagnetic wave transmission in the operating frequency band of the other antenna.

18. A base station, comprising: include: The antenna according to any one of claims 15 to 17.

19. An antenna control method applied to the antenna feeder system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna control method includes: Obtain the operating frequency band information of the first antenna; Based on the operating frequency band information of the first antenna, a target filtering state that allows electromagnetic wave transmission within the operating frequency band of the first antenna is determined from the at least two filtering states; and A control signal is sent to the frequency selection module to control the frequency selection module to switch to the target filtering state.

20. An antenna control device applied to the antenna feeder system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna control device includes: The acquisition unit is configured to acquire the operating frequency band information of the first antenna; The determining unit is configured to determine, based on the operating frequency band information of the first antenna, a target filtering state that allows electromagnetic wave transmission within the operating frequency band of the first antenna from the at least two filtering states; and The transmitting unit is configured to send a control signal to the frequency selection module to control the frequency selection module to switch to the target filtering state.

21. A communication system, characterized by Including the base station as described in claim 14 or 18.

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