Optical receiving assembly, optical transmitting assembly, optical assembly and communication system

Abstract

The embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of optical communications. Provided are an optical receiving assembly, an optical transmitting assembly, an optical assembly and a communication system. By means of the optical receiving assembly, the optical transmitting assembly, the optical assembly and the communication system, the efficiency of determining the positions of reflection points in an optical fiber link can be improved, and the consumed time is relatively short. Specifically, the optical receiving assembly is connected to an optical fiber link, and the optical receiving assembly comprises a photoelectric converter and a signal processor, wherein the photoelectric converter is used for receiving a detection optical signal by means of the optical fiber link, and outputting a detection electrical signal on the basis of the detection optical signal, the detection optical signal comprises a reflected signal, and the reflected signal is output from a reflective cavity, which is formed by at least two reflection points between the optical receiving assembly and an optical transmitting assembly; and the signal processor is used for determining the peak and position of the reflected signal on the basis of the detection electrical signal.

Description

Optical receiving components, optical transmitting components, optical components, and communication systems

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application filed on May 31, 2024, with application number 202410703887.4 and entitled "Optical receiving component, optical transmitting component, optical component and communication system", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of optical communication technology, and in particular to an optical receiving component, an optical transmitting component, an optical component, and a communication system. Background Technology

[0003] Fiber optic communication systems use light as the carrier and optical fiber as the transmission medium for communication. A typical fiber optic communication system includes two communication devices and a fiber optic link connecting them. The fiber optic link comprises multiple link devices, such as fiber optic distribution frames, which are connected to the optical fibers via fiber optic connectors. During a signal transmission, the transmitting communication device outputs a service optical signal based on the service data and transmits it through the fiber optic link to the receiving communication device. The receiving communication device receives the service optical signal to obtain the service data, thus achieving communication.

[0004] Link devices are usually located outdoors, and their performance is easily affected by the surrounding environment. For example, in poor surrounding environments, when fiber optic connectors are plugged in or unplugged, the fiber optic connectors are usually made dirty, which in turn causes reflection points in the fiber optic link, resulting in an increase in the bit error rate of the service optical signal received by the communication equipment at the receiving end.

[0005] Currently, when the bit error rate of the service optical signal received by the receiving communication equipment increases, the usual method for detecting reflection points in the fiber optic link is for maintenance personnel to go to the location of either the receiving or transmitting communication equipment and use detection equipment to inspect the fiber optic link to determine the location of the reflection points. However, this detection method is inefficient and time-consuming. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Embodiments of this application provide an optical receiving component, an optical transmitting component, an optical component, and a communication system, which can improve the efficiency of determining the location of reflection points in an optical fiber link and reduce the time consumption.

[0007] Firstly, an optical receiving component is provided, connected to an optical fiber link. The optical receiving component includes: a photoelectric converter and a signal processor; the photoelectric converter receives a detection optical signal via the optical fiber link and outputs a detection electrical signal based on the detection optical signal, the detection optical signal including a reflected signal, the reflected signal being output from a reflective cavity formed by at least two reflection points between the optical receiving component and the optical transmitting component; the signal processor determines the peak value and position of the reflected signal based on the detection electrical signal. In this optical receiving component, the peak value and position of the reflected signal determined by the signal processor can be one or more. One peak value and position of the reflected signal represents the reflection intensity and cavity length of the reflective cavity formed by the two reflection points between the optical receiving component and the optical transmitting component. When the reflection intensity and cavity length of the reflective cavity formed by the two reflection points between the optical receiving component and the optical transmitting component are known, the position of the reflection points between the optical receiving component and the optical transmitting component can be determined, and based on the reflection intensity, it can be determined which reflective cavities have a significant impact on the bit error rate of the optical signal received by the optical receiving component. Among them, the detection method of using the optical receiving component to determine the position of the reflection point between the optical receiving component and the optical transmitting component, and including the reflection point in the optical fiber link, is highly efficient and time-saving.

[0008] Optionally, the transmitted electrical signal includes a detection sequence, or the transmitted electrical signal includes a detection sequence and a service electrical signal; wherein, the detection sequence includes any of the following: a linear frequency modulated signal, a constant envelope zero autocorrelation signal, or a step frequency signal; the transmitted optical signal corresponding to the transmitted electrical signal is transmitted to the optical receiving component via the optical fiber link to become the detection optical signal. In this optional method, when the transmitted electrical signal includes a detection sequence, the detection optical signal includes an optical signal formed by superimposing various information from the optical fiber link onto the optical signal corresponding to the detection sequence. Therefore, the detection electrical signal is determined based on the detection optical signal, and the peak value and position of the reflected signal can be determined based on the detection electrical signal; when the transmitted electrical signal includes a detection sequence and a service electrical signal, the detection optical signal includes an optical signal formed by superimposing various information from the optical fiber link onto the optical signal corresponding to the detection sequence and the service optical signal corresponding to the service electrical signal. Therefore, the detection electrical signal is determined based on the detection optical signal, and the peak value and position of the reflected signal can be determined based on the detection electrical signal.

[0009] Optionally, the detection sequence includes a linear frequency modulated signal or a stepped frequency signal; the signal processor is specifically used to determine a first frequency domain signal based on the detected electrical signal, and to determine the peak value and position of the reflected signal based on the peak value and time delay of the first frequency domain signal. In this optional method, regardless of whether the detected optical signal includes an optical signal formed by superimposing various information of the optical fiber link on the optical signal corresponding to the detection sequence, or an optical signal formed by superimposing various information of the optical fiber link on the optical signal corresponding to the detection sequence and a service optical signal corresponding to the service electrical signal, the signal processor determines the frequency domain signal based on the detected electrical signal corresponding to the detected optical signal, and then determines the peak value and position of the reflected signal.

[0010] Optionally, the transmitted electrical signal includes a detection sequence and a service electrical signal. The detection sequence includes a linear frequency modulated (LFM) signal or a stepped frequency signal. A signal processor is specifically used to determine a target electrical signal based on the detection electrical signal, determine a second frequency domain signal based on the target electrical signal, and determine the peak value and position of the reflected signal based on the peak value and delay of the second frequency domain signal. Specifically, when the byte containing the detection sequence differs from the byte containing the service electrical signal, the signal processor is specifically used to determine the target electrical signal based on the target byte in the detection electrical signal, where the target byte is the byte containing the detection sequence. When the detection sequence is the modulated signal of the service electrical signal, the signal processor is specifically used to demodulate the detection electrical signal to determine the target electrical signal. In this optional method, the detected optical signal includes an optical signal formed by superimposing various information from the optical fiber link onto the optical signal corresponding to the detection sequence and a service optical signal corresponding to the service electrical signal. The signal processor first determines the target electrical signal from the detected electrical signal corresponding to the detected optical signal, determines the second frequency domain signal based on the target electrical signal, and then determines the peak value and position of the reflected signal. Furthermore, this optional method illustrates how the signal processor determines the target electrical signal when the byte containing the detection sequence is different from the byte containing the service electrical signal, and how the signal processor determines the target electrical signal when the detection sequence is the tuning signal of the service electrical signal.

[0011] Optionally, the detection sequence includes a constant envelope zero autocorrelation signal; a signal processor is specifically used to correlate one of the detection electrical signal and the first interference electrical signal with one of the transmitted electrical signal and the first hard-decision electrical signal to determine the peak value and position of the first correlation peak, and to determine the peak value and position of the reflected signal based on the peak value and position of the first correlation peak; wherein, the first hard-decision electrical signal is an electrical signal generated by hard-decision of the detection electrical signal; the difference between the detection electrical signal and the hard-decision electrical signal is the first interference electrical signal. In this optional method, regardless of whether the detected optical signal includes an optical signal formed by superimposing various information of the optical fiber link on the optical signal corresponding to the detection sequence, or an optical signal formed by superimposing various information of the optical fiber link on the optical signal corresponding to the detection sequence and the service optical signal corresponding to the service electrical signal, the signal processor correlates one of the detection electrical signal and the first interference electrical signal with one of the transmitted electrical signal and the first hard-decision electrical signal to determine the peak value and position of the first correlation peak, and thus determine the peak value and position of the reflected signal.

[0012] Optionally, the transmitted electrical signal includes a detection sequence and a service electrical signal; the detection sequence includes a constant envelope zero autocorrelation signal; the signal processor is specifically used to determine the target electrical signal based on the detection electrical signal, correlate one of the target electrical signal and the second interference electrical signal with one of the detection sequence and the second hard-decision electrical signal to determine the peak value and position of the second correlation peak, and determine the peak value and position of the reflected signal based on the peak value and position of the second correlation peak; the second hard-decision electrical signal is an electrical signal generated by hard-decision of the target electrical signal; the difference between the target electrical signal and the second hard-decision electrical signal is the second interference electrical signal; wherein, when the byte in the detection sequence is different from the byte in the service electrical signal, the signal processor is specifically used to determine the target electrical signal based on the target byte in the detection electrical signal, the target byte being the byte in the detection sequence; when the detection sequence is the modulated peak signal of the service electrical signal, the signal processor is specifically used to demodulate the detection electrical signal to determine the target electrical signal. In this optional method, the detected optical signal includes an optical signal formed by superimposing various information from the optical fiber link onto the optical signal corresponding to the detection sequence, and a service optical signal corresponding to the service electrical signal. The signal processor first determines the target electrical signal from the detection electrical signal corresponding to the detected optical signal. It then correlates one of the target electrical signal and the second interference electrical signal with one of the detection sequence and the second hard-decision electrical signal to determine the peak value and position of the second correlation peak, and subsequently determines the peak value and position of the reflected signal. This optional method also illustrates how the signal processor determines the target electrical signal when the byte containing the detection sequence differs from the byte containing the service electrical signal, and how the signal processor determines the target electrical signal when the detection sequence is the modulated peak signal of the service electrical signal.

[0013] Optionally, the optical receiving component further includes a reflecting component; the reflecting component is used to transmit a first portion of the detected optical signal to the photoelectric converter and a second portion of the detected optical signal to the optical fiber link. In this optional embodiment, the optical receiving component is provided with a reflecting component such that one of the two reflection points between the optical receiving component and the optical transmitting component is the reflection point formed by the reflecting component in the optical receiving component, and the other reflection point is the reflection point in the optical fiber link. Therefore, the cavity length of the reflecting cavity formed between the two reflection points is the distance from the reflection point in the optical fiber link to the reflecting component in the optical receiving component, thereby enabling precise positioning of the reflection point in the optical fiber link based on the peak value and position of the reflected signal.

[0014] Optionally, the reflective component includes a polarizing beam splitter and a reflective film. The reflective film is disposed on the first surface of the polarizing beam splitter, the second surface of the polarizing beam splitter faces the optical fiber link, and the third surface of the polarizing beam splitter faces the photoelectric converter. The polarizing beam splitter is used to receive a detection optical signal from the second surface of the polarizing beam splitter, transmit a first portion of the detection optical signal through the third surface of the polarizing beam splitter to the photoelectric converter, and reflect a second portion of the detection optical signal to the reflective film. The reflective film is used to reflect the second portion of the optical signal. The polarizing beam splitter is also used to reflect the second portion of the optical signal reflected by the reflective film, and transmit it through the second surface of the polarizing beam splitter to the optical fiber link.

[0015] Optionally, the reflective component includes a coupler and a looper. The first end of the looper is connected to the fiber optic link, the second end of the looper is connected to the first end of the coupler, the second end of the coupler is connected to the photoelectric converter, and the third end of the coupler is connected to the third end of the looper. The looper is used to receive a detection optical signal through its first end and transmit the detection optical signal through its second end to the first end of the coupler. The coupler is used to transmit a first portion of the detection optical signal through its second end to the photoelectric converter and a second portion of the detection optical signal through its third end to the third end of the looper. The looper is also used to transmit the second portion of the optical signal through its first end to the fiber optic link.

[0016] Optionally, the optical receiving component also includes a multiplexer connected between the optical fiber link and the photoelectric converter, and the reflective component includes a reflective film disposed on the side of the multiplexer facing the optical fiber link.

[0017] Optionally, the reflective film has a reflectivity greater than or equal to 1%.

[0018] Optionally, the optical receiving component may also include a signal sampler disposed between the photoelectric converter and the signal processor; the signal sampler is used to sample the detected electrical signal.

[0019] Optionally, the optical receiving component also includes a detection result determination device; the detection result determination device is used to receive the peak value and position of the reflected signal, and, in combination with the topology of the optical fiber link, determine whether there is a fault in the optical fiber link, and determine the positions of at least two reflection points.

[0020] Secondly, an optical transmitting component is provided, which is connected to an optical fiber link. The optical transmitting component includes a signal generator and an electro-optic modulator. The signal generator outputs a transmitting electrical signal; the electro-optic modulator outputs a transmitting optical signal based on the transmitting electrical signal. The transmitted optical signal, after being transmitted through the optical fiber link, becomes a detection optical signal. The detection optical signal is used to determine the peak value and position of the reflected signal. The detection optical signal includes a reflected signal, which is output from a reflecting cavity formed by at least two reflection points between the optical receiving component and the optical transmitting component. In this optical transmitting component, the transmitted optical signal, after being transmitted through the optical fiber link, becomes a detection optical signal. The detection optical signal used to determine the peak value and position of the reflected signal can be one or more. A single peak value and position of the reflected signal represents the reflection intensity and cavity length of the reflecting cavity formed by the two reflection points between the optical receiving component and the optical transmitting component. When the reflection intensity and cavity length of the reflecting cavity formed by the two reflection points between the optical receiving component and the optical transmitting component are known, the position of the reflection points between the optical receiving component and the optical transmitting component can be determined. Furthermore, based on the reflection intensity, it can be determined which reflecting cavities have a significant impact on the bit error rate of the optical signal received by the optical receiving component. In this method, the optical transmitting component outputs a transmitted optical signal, and the position of the reflection point between the optical receiving component and the optical transmitting component is determined based on the detection optical signal transmitted through the optical fiber link. The reflection point between the optical receiving component and the optical transmitting component includes the reflection point in the optical fiber link. This detection method is highly efficient and takes less time.

[0021] Optionally, the transmitted electrical signal includes a detection sequence, or the transmitted electrical signal includes a detection sequence and a service electrical signal, wherein the byte containing the detection sequence is different from the byte containing the service electrical signal, or the detection sequence is the modulation signal of the service electrical signal; wherein the detection sequence includes any of the following: a linear frequency modulated signal, a constant envelope zero autocorrelation signal, or a step frequency signal. In this optional mode, when the transmitted electrical signal includes a detection sequence, the detected optical signal includes an optical signal formed by superimposing the optical signal corresponding to the detection sequence with various information of the optical fiber link, so the peak value and position of the reflected signal can be determined based on the detected optical signal; when the transmitted electrical signal includes a detection sequence and a service electrical signal, the detected optical signal includes an optical signal formed by superimposing the optical signal corresponding to the detection sequence with various information of the optical fiber link and the service optical signal corresponding to the service electrical signal, so the peak value and position of the reflected signal can be determined based on the detected optical signal.

[0022] Optionally, the optical transmitting component further includes a reflecting component and an isolator disposed between the electro-optic modulator and the reflecting component; the isolator is used to transmit the transmitted optical signal from the electro-optic modulator to the reflecting component; the reflecting component is used to transmit the transmitted optical signal from the isolator to the optical fiber link; the reflecting component is also used to receive the transmitted optical signal reflected back through the optical fiber link, and transmit a third portion of the reflected transmitted optical signal to the isolator, and transmit a fourth portion of the reflected transmitted optical signal to the optical fiber link; the isolator is used to block the third portion of the optical signal from the reflecting component. In this optional embodiment, the optical transmitting component is provided with a reflecting component such that one of the two reflection points between the optical receiving component and the optical transmitting component is a reflection point formed by the reflecting component in the optical transmitting component, and the other reflection point is a reflection point in the optical fiber link. Therefore, the cavity length of the reflecting cavity formed between the two reflection points is the length of the reflection point in the optical fiber link from the reflecting component in the optical transmitting component, thereby enabling precise positioning of the reflection point in the optical fiber link based on the peak value and position of the reflected signal.

[0023] Optionally, the reflective assembly includes a polarizing beam splitter and a reflective film. The reflective film is disposed on the first surface of the polarizing beam splitter, the second surface of the polarizing beam splitter faces the isolator, and the third surface of the polarizing beam splitter faces the fiber optic link. The polarizing beam splitter is used to transmit the transmitted optical signal from the isolator through the third surface of the polarizing beam splitter to the fiber optic link. The polarizing beam splitter is also used to receive the reflected transmitted optical signal from the third surface of the polarizing beam splitter, transmit the third portion of the reflected transmitted optical signal through the second surface of the polarizing beam splitter to the isolator, and reflect the fourth portion of the reflected transmitted optical signal to the reflective film. The reflective film is used to reflect the fourth portion of the optical signal. The polarizing beam splitter is also used to reflect the fourth portion of the optical signal reflected by the reflective film, and transmit it through the third surface of the polarizing beam splitter to the fiber optic link.

[0024] Optionally, the reflection component includes a circulator and a coupler. The isolator is connected to the first end of the circulator, the second end of the circulator is connected to the first end of the coupler, the second end of the coupler is connected to the optical fiber link, and the third end of the coupler is connected to the third end of the circulator. The circulator is used to transmit the transmitted optical signal from the isolator to the first end of the coupler through the second end of the circulator. The coupler is used to transmit the transmitted optical signal to the optical fiber link through the second end of the coupler. The coupler is also used to receive the reflected transmitted optical signal through the second end of the coupler, transmit a third portion of the reflected transmitted optical signal to the third end of the circulator through the third end of the coupler, and transmit a fourth portion of the reflected transmitted optical signal to the second end of the circulator through the first end of the coupler. The circulator is also used to transmit the third portion of the optical signal to the isolator through the first end of the circulator, and transmit the fourth portion of the optical signal to the third end of the coupler through the third end of the circulator. The coupler is also used to transmit the fourth portion of the optical signal from the circulator to the optical fiber link through the second end of the coupler.

[0025] Optionally, the optical transmission assembly also includes a multiplexer disposed between the reflective assembly and the isolator, the reflective assembly including a reflective film, the reflective assembly being disposed on the side of the multiplexer facing the optical fiber link.

[0026] Optionally, the reflective component includes a reflective film, and the reflective component is disposed on the side of the isolator facing the fiber optic link.

[0027] Optionally, the reflective film has a reflectivity greater than or equal to 1%.

[0028] Thirdly, an optical component is provided, comprising: a signal generator, an electro-optic modulator, a photoelectric converter, a signal processor, and an optical transmission device. The first end of the optical transmission device is connected to the electro-optic modulator, the second end is connected to an optical fiber link, and the third end is connected to the photoelectric converter. The signal generator outputs a transmit electrical signal; the electro-optic modulator outputs a transmit optical signal based on the transmit electrical signal; the optical transmission device receives the transmit optical signal through its first end and transmits it to the optical fiber link through its second end; the optical transmission device also receives a detection optical signal through its second end and transmits it to the photoelectric converter through its third end. The transmit optical signal, after transmission through the optical fiber link, becomes the detection optical signal, which includes a reflected signal formed by reflection of the transmit optical signal by a reflection point in the optical fiber link; the photoelectric converter outputs a detection electrical signal based on the detection optical signal; and the signal processor determines the peak value and position of the reflected signal based on the detection electrical signal. In this optical component, the transmit optical signal returning to the optical component through the optical fiber link is the detection optical signal. The signal processor in the optical component can determine the peak value and position of the reflected signal based on the detection electrical signal corresponding to the detected optical signal. The reflected signal is output from a reflection point in the optical fiber link. For example, the reflected signal can include multiple peak values ​​and positions. One peak value and position of the reflected signal represents the reflection intensity and position of a reflection point in the optical fiber link. Furthermore, based on the reflection intensity, it can be determined which reflection points in the optical fiber link will have a significant impact on the bit error rate of the optical signal received by the optical component. Using the optical component to determine the position of reflection points in the optical fiber link is a highly efficient and time-saving detection method.

[0029] Optionally, the transmitted electrical signal includes a detection sequence, or the transmitted electrical signal includes a detection sequence and a service electrical signal; wherein the detection sequence includes any of the following: a linear frequency modulated signal, a constant envelope zero autocorrelation signal, or a step frequency signal.

[0030] Optionally, the detection sequence includes a linear frequency modulated signal or a stepped frequency signal; the signal processor is specifically used to determine a first frequency domain signal based on the detected electrical signal, and to determine the peak value and position of the reflected signal based on the peak value and time delay of the first frequency domain signal.

[0031] Optionally, the transmitted electrical signal includes a detection sequence and a service electrical signal. The detection sequence includes a linear frequency modulated signal or a stepped frequency signal. The signal processor is specifically used to determine the target electrical signal based on the detection electrical signal, determine the second frequency domain signal based on the target electrical signal, and determine the peak value and position of the reflected signal based on the peak value and time delay of the second frequency domain signal. Specifically, when the byte containing the detection sequence is different from the byte containing the service electrical signal, the signal processor is specifically used to determine the target electrical signal based on the target byte in the detection electrical signal, where the target byte is the byte containing the detection sequence. When the detection sequence is the modulated signal of the service electrical signal, the signal processor is specifically used to demodulate the detection electrical signal to determine the target electrical signal.

[0032] Optionally, the detection sequence includes a constant envelope zero autocorrelation signal; a signal processor, specifically used to correlate one of the detection electrical signal and the first interference electrical signal with one of the transmitted electrical signal and the first hard-decision electrical signal to determine the peak value and position of the first correlation peak, and to determine the peak value and position of the reflected signal based on the peak value and position of the first correlation peak; wherein, the first hard-decision electrical signal is an electrical signal generated by hard-decision of the detection electrical signal; the difference between the detection electrical signal and the hard-decision electrical signal is the first interference electrical signal.

[0033] Optionally, the transmitted electrical signal includes a detection sequence and a service electrical signal; the detection sequence includes a constant envelope zero autocorrelation signal; the signal processor is specifically used to determine the target electrical signal based on the detection electrical signal, correlate one of the target electrical signal and the second interference electrical signal with one of the detection sequence and the second hard-decision electrical signal to determine the peak value and position of the second correlation peak, and determine the peak value and position of the reflected signal based on the peak value and position of the second correlation peak; the second hard-decision electrical signal is an electrical signal generated by hard-decision of the target electrical signal; the difference between the target electrical signal and the second hard-decision electrical signal is the second interference electrical signal; wherein, when the byte in the detection sequence is different from the byte in the service electrical signal, the signal processor is specifically used to determine the target electrical signal based on the target byte in the detection electrical signal, the target byte being the byte in the detection sequence; when the detection sequence is the modulated peak signal of the service electrical signal, the signal processor is specifically used to demodulate the detection electrical signal to determine the target electrical signal.

[0034] Optionally, optical transmission devices include duplexers or loopers.

[0035] Fourthly, a communication device is provided, comprising an electrical signal processing apparatus and an optical receiving component as described in any of the first aspects above, wherein the electrical signal processing apparatus is connected to the optical receiving component.

[0036] The technical effects of any possible implementation of the fourth aspect can be found in the technical effects of different implementations of the first aspect mentioned above, and will not be repeated here.

[0037] Fifthly, a communication device is provided, comprising an electrical signal processing apparatus and an optical transmission component as described in any of the second aspects above, wherein the electrical signal processing apparatus is connected to the optical transmission component.

[0038] The technical effects of any possible implementation of the fifth aspect can be found in the technical effects of different implementations of the second aspect mentioned above, and will not be repeated here.

[0039] In a sixth aspect, a communication device is provided, the communication device including an electrical signal processing device and an optical component as described in any of the third aspects above; the electrical signal processing device is connected to the optical component.

[0040] The technical effects of any possible implementation of the sixth aspect can be found in the technical effects of different implementations of the third aspect mentioned above, and will not be repeated here.

[0041] In a seventh aspect, a communication system is provided, including an optical transmitting component, an optical receiving component, and an optical fiber link, wherein the optical transmitting component and the optical receiving component are connected by the optical fiber link, the optical transmitting component is the optical transmitting component as described in any of the second aspects above, and the optical receiving component is the optical receiving component as described in any of the first aspects above.

[0042] Optionally, the communication system further includes a controller connected to both the optical transmitting component and the optical receiving component. The controller is configured to output a first control signal to the optical transmitting component before, during, or after operation of the communication system, or when a fault occurs. The first control signal controls the signal generator in the optical transmitting component to output a transmission electrical signal, wherein the transmission electrical signal includes a detection sequence. The controller is also configured to output a second control signal to the optical transmitting component. The second control signal controls the signal generator in the optical transmitting component to output a transmission electrical signal, wherein the transmission electrical signal includes a detection sequence and a service electrical signal.

[0043] The technical effects of any possible implementation of the seventh aspect can be seen in the technical effects of the different implementations of the first and second aspects mentioned above, and will not be repeated here.

[0044] Eighthly, a communication system is provided, including a first optical component, a second optical component, and an optical fiber link, wherein the first optical component and the second optical component are connected by the optical fiber link, the first optical component is the optical component as described in the third aspect above; the second optical component is used to receive a first service optical signal output by the first optical component, or to output a second service optical signal to the first optical component.

[0045] Optionally, the communication system further includes a controller, which is connected to the first optical component. The controller is used to output a first control signal to the first optical component before the communication system starts working, during a break in operation, or when a fault occurs. The first control signal is used to control the signal generator in the first optical component to output a transmission electrical signal, wherein the transmission electrical signal includes a detection sequence. The controller is also used to output a second control signal to the first optical component. The second control signal is used to control the signal generator in the first optical component to output a transmission electrical signal, wherein the transmission electrical signal includes a detection sequence and a service electrical signal.

[0046] The technical effects of any possible implementation of aspect eight can be found in the technical effects of different implementations of aspect three above, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the communication system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure for detecting reflection points in an optical fiber link using a detection device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 3 is a waveform diagram of an optical time-domain reflectometer provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication system provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 5 is a waveform diagram of optical x-domain analysis provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 6 is a waveform diagram of optical x-domain analysis provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical receiving component provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical receiving component provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical receiving component provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical transmission component provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical transmission component provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical transmission component provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical transmission component provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication system provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 15 is a waveform diagram of the optical x-domain reflectometer provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0063] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0064] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in another embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0065] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0066] Return loss (RL): The power loss of the optical signal reflected or returned by the optical device when the optical signal leaves the device is called return loss. The unit is dB, and it is usually a negative value. The higher the return loss value, the better.

[0067] Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used herein have the same meaning as those known to one of ordinary skill in the art. In the embodiments of this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a, b, and c, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple. In addition, in the embodiments of this application, the words "first," "second," etc., do not limit the quantity or order.

[0068] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" are defined relative to the orientation in which the components are schematically placed in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts, used for relative description and clarification, and can change accordingly depending on the orientation in which the components are placed in the accompanying drawings.

[0069] In the embodiments of this application, the words "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that they are examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design that is described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design options. Specifically, the use of the words "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0070] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0071] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0072] The embodiments of this application are applied to a communication system, specifically an optical fiber communication system. Such systems include, for example, Ethernet, fiber to the home (FTTH), optical transport network (OTN), network storage, data center, and coherent optical communication systems. The communication system includes communication devices and optical fiber links connecting them. Referring to Figure 1, the communication system 100 includes communication device 101, communication device 102, and an optical fiber link 103 connecting communication device 101 and communication device 102. The optical fiber link 103 includes multiple link devices connected by optical fibers, including optical fiber distribution frames, etc. These link devices are connected to the optical fibers via optical fiber connectors. Figure 1 shows three optical fiber connectors: optical fiber connector C1, optical fiber connector C2, and optical fiber connector C3. The length of the optical fiber link between communication device 101 and communication device 102 is D. The distance between optical fiber connectors C1 and C2 is d1, and the distance between optical fiber connectors C2 and C3 is d2. In a signal transmission process, communication device 101 is the transmitting end communication device, and communication device 102 is the receiving end communication device. Communication device 101 outputs service optical signal according to service data and transmits the service optical signal to communication device 102 through optical fiber link 103. Communication device 102 receives the service optical signal to obtain service data and realizes communication.

[0073] For example, link devices are usually located outdoors, and their performance is easily affected by the surrounding environment. For instance, in poor surrounding environments or when plugging and unplugging fiber optic connectors, the fiber optic connectors may become dirty or loose, which can lead to reflection points in the fiber optic link 103. This can result in an increase in the bit error rate of the service optical signal received by the communication device 102. Specifically, the location of the reflection point in the fiber optic link 103 is the location of the dirty or loose fiber optic connector.

[0074] Referring to Figure 1, assuming that fiber optic connectors C1, C2, and C3 are all dirty, the service optical signal received by communication device 102 is specifically service optical signal O1. Service optical signal O1 includes optical signals O11, O12, O13, and O14. Optical signals O12, O13, and O14 have a time delay compared to optical signal O11. The time delay is related to the transmission distance and transmission speed of the optical signal. The transmission speed of the optical signal is specifically the speed of light, which is an invariant. Therefore, it can be considered that the time delay is only related to the transmission distance of the optical signal. Specifically, the transmission distance of optical signal O11 is D, the transmission distance of optical signal O12 is D+2×d1, and the time delay of optical signal O12 compared to optical signal O11 is related to the distance of 2×d1; the transmission distance of optical signal O13 is D+2×d2, and the time delay of optical signal O13 compared to optical signal O11 is related to the distance of 2×d2; the transmission distance of optical signal O14 is D+2×(d1+d2), and the time delay of optical signal O14 compared to optical signal O11 is related to the distance of 2×(d1+d2).

[0075] When optical signal O1 includes optical signals O11, O12, O13 and O14, optical signals O11, O12, O13 and O14 will generate multiple path interference (MPI), which will result in a high bit error rate for the service optical signal O1.

[0076] In fact, when the bit error rate of the service optical signal O1 received by the communication device 102 shown in Figure 1 increases, it is necessary to detect the optical fiber link 103 to determine the location of the reflection point in the optical fiber link 103, and then determine which optical fiber connectors C1, C2 and C3 are dirty or loose.

[0077] Currently, the usual method for detecting reflection points in fiber optic link 103 is for maintenance personnel to go to the location of communication equipment 101 or communication equipment 102 and use detection equipment to detect fiber optic link 103 in order to determine the location of reflection points in fiber optic link 103.

[0078] For example, as shown in FIG2, the detection device is an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR). The OTDR can output a first optical signal to the optical fiber link 103 and receive a second optical signal. The OTDR detects the second optical signal to determine the location of the reflection point of the optical fiber link 103. When the first optical signal is transmitted through the optical fiber link 103, a second optical signal will return to the OTDR. The second optical signal includes a reflection signal, which is formed by Fresnel reflection when the first optical signal encounters a reflection point in the optical fiber link 103.

[0079] For example, the OTDR waveform determined in the OTDR is shown in Figure 3. The reflection point formed by the fiber optic fusion splice in the fiber optic link 103 will cause a significant decrease in the light intensity of the reflected signal in the second electrical signal. Dirt or loose fiber optic connectors in the fiber optic link 103 will cause a peak in the light intensity of the reflected signal in the second optical signal. By determining the peak value and position of the reflected signal in the second optical signal, the location of the reflection point in the fiber optic link 103 can be determined.

[0080] In this method, maintenance personnel carry testing equipment to the location of communication equipment 101 or 102 and use the testing equipment to detect the reflection points in the fiber optic link 103. This testing method is inefficient and time-consuming.

[0081] Therefore, embodiments of this application provide an optical receiving component, an optical transmitting component, and an optical component, which can be disposed in communication device 101 or communication device 102, thereby improving the efficiency of determining the location of the reflection point in the optical fiber link 103 and reducing the time consumption.

[0082] Specifically, Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical communication system 200 provided in the embodiment of this application. The optical communication system 200 includes an optical receiving component 10 and an optical transmitting component 20, which are connected by an optical fiber link 30. The optical fiber link 30 includes an optical fiber connector C4, an optical fiber connector C5, an optical fiber connector C6, and an optical fiber connector C7.

[0083] Specifically, the optical transmitting component 20 is connected to the optical fiber link 30. The optical transmitting component 20 includes a signal generator 21 and an electro-optic modulator 22. The signal generator 21 is used to output a transmitting electrical signal S1. The electro-optic modulator 22 is used to output a transmitting optical signal O2 based on the transmitting electrical signal S1. The transmitting optical signal O2 is transmitted through the optical fiber link 30 to become a detection optical signal O3. The detection optical signal O3 is used to determine the peak value and position of the reflected signal. The detection optical signal O3 includes the reflected signal, which is output from a reflecting cavity formed by at least two reflection points between the optical receiving component 10 and the optical transmitting component 20.

[0084] For example, the optical receiving component 10 receives the detection optical signal O3. It can be considered that after the optical transmitting component 20 outputs the transmitted optical signal O2, all optical signals received by the optical receiving component 10 are called the detection optical signal O3. The detection optical signal O3 includes the reflected signal output from the reflecting cavity formed by at least two reflection points between the optical receiving component 10 and the optical transmitting component 20. For example, in Figure 4, assuming that fiber optic connectors C4 and C5 are dirty or loose, forming reflection points, a portion of the transmitted optical signal O2 is reflected when transmitted to fiber optic connector C5. This reflected portion is then transmitted to fiber optic connector C4 and reflected again, forming a reflected signal. The detection optical signal O3 and the transmitted optical signal O2 have the same transmission direction, and the reflected signal also has the same transmission direction as the transmitted optical signal O2.

[0085] Specifically, the optical receiving component 10 is connected to the optical fiber link 30. The optical receiving component 10 includes a photoelectric converter 11 and a signal processor 12. The photoelectric converter 11 is used to receive the detection optical signal O3 through the optical fiber link 30 and output a detection electrical signal S2 based on the detection optical signal O3. For example, the photoelectric converter 11 can be various devices that convert optical signals into electrical signals, such as photodiodes, phototransistors, PIN diodes, avalanche photodiodes (APDs), etc.

[0086] The signal processor 12 is used to determine the peak value and position of the reflected signal based on the detected electrical signal S2. The reflected signal is output from the reflective cavity formed by at least two reflection points between the optical receiving component 10 and the optical transmitting component 20.

[0087] For example, the signal processor 12 can obtain an optical x-domain analyzer (OxDA) waveform diagram as shown in Figure 5 or Figure 6 based on the detected electrical signal. The horizontal axis of the OxDA waveform diagram represents distance, and the vertical axis represents intensity. The peaks in the OxDA waveform diagram shown in Figure 5 or Figure 6 are the reflected signals. In Figure 5 or Figure 6, the OxDA waveform diagram includes n peaks, and the reflected signal includes n peaks and positions, where n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. Specifically, a peak is output from the reflective cavity formed by the two reflection points between the optical receiving component 10 and the optical transmitting component 20. The intensity value and distance corresponding to the top of a peak represent a peak value and position of the reflected signal, and the peak value and position of the reflected signal represent the reflection intensity and cavity length of the reflective cavity formed by the two reflection points between the optical receiving component 10 and the optical transmitting component 20. The greater the reflection intensity of the reflective cavity formed by the two reflection points, the greater the impact of the reflective cavity on the bit error rate of the optical signal received by the optical receiving component 10.

[0088] As shown in Figure 5, an OxDA waveform diagram is presented. This OxDA waveform diagram includes a peak, which represents the peak value and location of the reflected signal. For example, based on the peak in Figure 5, the peak value and location of the reflected signal are (A1, B1). Given that the distance represented by the horizontal axis is the product of time and the speed of light divided by 2, the cavity length of the reflecting cavity formed by the two reflection points between the optical receiving component 10 and the optical transmitting component 20 is B1, and the reflection intensity is A1. The reflection intensity of the reflecting cavity formed by the two reflection points can be the product of the return losses (linear) of the two reflection points, or the value of the reflection intensity formed by the two reflection points can be the sum of the return losses (in dB) of the two reflection points.

[0089] For example, when the cavity length of the reflective cavity formed by the two reflection points between the optical transmitting component 20 and the optical receiving component 10 is known to be B1, based on the distance B1 between the optical fiber connector C4 and the optical fiber connector C5 in the optical fiber link 30, it can be known that the reflection point in the optical fiber link 30 is specifically the reflection point formed by dirt or looseness of the optical fiber connector C4 and the optical fiber connector C5.

[0090] In some embodiments, the horizontal axis of the OxDA waveform represents the distance as the product of time and the speed of light. In this case, when a peak and position of the reflected signal are known to be (A1, B1), the peak and position indicate that the cavity length of the reflecting cavity formed by the two reflection points between the light receiving component 10 and the light transmitting component 20 is B1 / 2, and the reflection intensity is A1.

[0091] As shown in Figure 6, another OxDA waveform diagram is presented. The OxDA waveform diagram in Figure 6 includes two peaks, which represent the two peak values ​​and positions of the reflected signal. For example, according to the peaks in Figure 6, the first peak value and position of the reflected signal are (A1, B1), and the second peak value and position of the reflected signal are (A2, B2). When the distance represented by the horizontal axis is the product of time and the speed of light divided by 2, the cavity length of the reflecting cavity formed by the two reflection points between the optical transmitting component 20 and the optical receiving component 10 is B1, and the reflection intensity is A1; the cavity length of the reflecting cavity formed by the two reflection points is B2, and the reflection intensity is A2.

[0092] For example, when the cavity length of the reflection cavity formed by the two reflection points between the optical transmitting component 20 and the optical receiving component 10 is known to be B2, based on the distance B2 between the optical fiber connector C6 and the optical fiber connector C7 in the optical fiber link 30, it can be known that the reflection point in the optical fiber link 30 is specifically the reflection point formed by dirt or looseness of the optical fiber connector C6 and the optical fiber connector C7.

[0093] For example, in the optical receiving component 10 shown in Figure 4, the photoelectric converter 11 receives the detection optical signal O3 through the optical fiber link 30 and outputs the detection electrical signal S2 based on the detection optical signal O3. The signal processor 12 is used to determine the peak value and position of the reflected signal based on the detection electrical signal S2. The reflected signal is output by a reflecting cavity formed by at least two reflection points between the optical receiving component 10 and the optical transmitting component 20. For example, a peak value and position of the reflected signal represent the reflection intensity and cavity length of the reflecting cavity formed by the two reflection points between the optical receiving component 10 and the optical transmitting component 20. When the reflection intensity and cavity length of the reflecting cavity formed by the two reflection points between the optical receiving component 10 and the optical transmitting component 20 are known, the position of the reflection points between the optical receiving component 10 and the optical transmitting component 20 can be determined. Furthermore, based on the reflection intensity, it can be determined which reflecting cavities have a greater impact on the bit error rate of the optical signal received by the optical receiving component 10. The method of using the optical receiving component 10 to determine the position of the reflection point between the optical receiving component 10 and the optical transmitting component 20, and including the reflection point in the optical fiber link, is highly efficient and time-saving.

[0094] For example, in the optical transmitting component 20 shown in Figure 4, the signal generator 21 outputs a transmitting electrical signal S1, and the electro-optic modulator 22 outputs a transmitting optical signal O2 based on the transmitting electrical signal S1. The transmitting optical signal O2 is transmitted to the optical receiving component 10 via the optical fiber link 30 as a detection optical signal O3. The detection optical signal O3 is used to determine the peak value and position of the reflected signal. The reflected signal is output from a reflecting cavity formed by at least two reflection points between the optical receiving component 10 and the optical transmitting component 20. For example, a peak value and position of the reflected signal represent the reflection intensity and cavity length of the reflecting cavity formed by the two reflection points between the optical receiving component 10 and the optical transmitting component 20. When the reflection intensity and cavity length of the reflecting cavity formed by the two reflection points between the optical receiving component 10 and the optical transmitting component 20 are known, the position of the reflection points between the optical receiving component 10 and the optical transmitting component 20 can be determined. Furthermore, based on the reflection intensity, it can be determined which reflecting cavities have a significant impact on the bit error rate of the optical signal received by the optical receiving component 10. In this method, the optical transmitting component 20 outputs a transmitted optical signal, and the position of the reflection point between the optical receiving component 10 and the optical transmitting component 20 is determined based on the detection optical signal transmitted from the transmitted optical signal to the optical receiving component 10 through the optical fiber link 30. The reflection point between the optical receiving component 10 and the optical transmitting component 20 includes the reflection point in the optical fiber link. This detection method is highly efficient and takes less time.

[0095] For example, in Figure 4, the transmitted electrical signal S1 output by the signal generator 21 includes a detection sequence. Alternatively, the transmitted electrical signal S1 includes both the detection sequence and the service electrical signal.

[0096] When transmitting electrical signals including a detection sequence and a service optical signal, in the first case, the byte containing the detection sequence is different from the byte containing the service electrical signal, and both the signal generator 21 in the optical transmitting component 20 and the signal processor 12 in the optical receiving component 10 know the byte containing the detection sequence. In the second case, the detection sequence is the modulation signal of the service electrical signal.

[0097] Specifically, the transmitted electrical signal S1 includes a detection sequence; the detected optical signal O3 includes an optical signal formed by superimposing various information from the optical fiber link 30 onto the optical signal corresponding to the detection sequence; and the detected electrical signal S2 includes the electrical signal corresponding to the optical signal formed by superimposing various information from the optical fiber link 30 onto the optical signal corresponding to the detection sequence. The transmitted electrical signal S1 includes the detection sequence and a service electrical signal; the detected optical signal O3 includes the service optical signal corresponding to the optical signal formed by superimposing various information from the optical fiber link 30 onto the optical signal corresponding to the detection sequence; and the detected electrical signal S2 includes the electrical signal corresponding to the optical signal formed by superimposing various information from the optical fiber link 30 onto the optical signal corresponding to the detection sequence and the service electrical signal.

[0098] The detection sequence includes any of the following: linear frequency modulation (LFM) signal, constant amplitude zero autocorrelation (CAZAC) signal, and step frequency signal. The step frequency signal is also known as a frequency hopping signal.

[0099] Specifically, the processing method of the signal processor 12 to process the detection signal S2 to obtain the OxDA waveform varies depending on the transmitted electrical signal S1. For example, when the detection sequence includes a linear frequency modulated signal or a step frequency signal, regardless of whether the transmitted electrical signal S1 includes the detection sequence or includes both the detection sequence and the service electrical signal (specifically, the bytes containing the detection sequence and the bytes containing the service electrical signal are different), the signal processor 12 is specifically used to determine the first frequency domain signal (i.e., time-frequency conversion) based on the detection electrical signal S2, and to determine the peak value and position of the reflected signal based on the peak value and time delay of the first frequency domain signal. The peak value and time delay of the first frequency domain signal are specifically reflected in the OxDA waveform, and the relationship between the time delay and the distance in the OxDA waveform is that the time delay multiplied by the speed of light divided by 2 equals the distance.

[0100] For example, when the detection sequence specifically includes a linear frequency modulated signal, the signal processor 12 will first dechirp (i.e. deskew) or match filter the detection electrical signal S2, and then determine the frequency domain signal based on the dechirped or matched filtered detection electrical signal S2. This can make the peak value and position of the subsequently determined reflection signal more accurate.

[0101] When the detection sequence includes a constant envelope zero autocorrelation signal, regardless of whether the transmitted electrical signal S1 includes the detection sequence or includes both the detection sequence and the service electrical signal (specifically, the bytes containing the detection sequence and the bytes containing the service electrical signal are different), the signal processor 12 is specifically used to correlate one of the detection electrical signal S2 and the first interference signal with one of the transmitted electrical signal S1 and the first hard-decision electrical signal to determine the peak value and position of the first correlation peak, and to determine the peak value and position of the reflected signal based on the peak value and position of the first correlation peak; wherein, the first hard-decision electrical signal is the electrical signal generated by hard-decision of the detection electrical signal S2; the difference between the detection electrical signal S2 and the hard-decision electrical signal is the first interference electrical signal. For example, the correlation can be between the detection electrical signal S2 and the transmitted electrical signal S1, or between the detection electrical signal S2 and the first hard-decision electrical signal, or between the first interference electrical signal and the transmitted electrical signal S1, or between the first interference electrical signal and the first hard-decision electrical signal, and the peak value and position of the first correlation peak are specifically reflected in the OxDA waveform diagram. The first correlation peak may include one or more peaks, and the peak value and position of one of the first correlation peaks correspond to the peak value and position of the reflected signal.

[0102] Specifically, when the signal processor 12 needs to use the transmitted electrical signal S1, the signal processor 12 may have pre-stored the transmitted electrical signal S1.

[0103] In other examples, when the transmitted electrical signal S1 includes a detection sequence and a service electrical signal, regardless of whether the bytes containing the detection sequence and the service electrical signal are different, or whether the detection sequence is a modulated signal of the service electrical signal, the signal processor 12 first determines the target electrical signal based on the detection electrical signal S2, and then determines the peak value and position of the reflected signal. The target electrical signal is the electrical signal corresponding to the optical signal formed by superimposing various information from the optical fiber link 30 after the optical signal corresponding to the detection sequence is transmitted to the optical receiving component 10 via the optical fiber link 30.

[0104] Since the byte containing the detection sequence is different from the byte containing the service signal, the signal processor 12 is specifically used to determine the target signal based on the target byte of the detection signal S2. The target byte is the byte containing the detection sequence. The signal processor 12 knows in advance the byte containing the detection sequence in the transmitted signal S1.

[0105] When the detection sequence is the modulated signal of the service electrical signal, the signal processor 12 is specifically used to demodulate the detection electrical signal S2 to determine the target electrical signal.

[0106] Specifically, when transmitting electrical signal S1, which includes a detection sequence and a service electrical signal, and the detection sequence includes a linear frequency modulated signal or a stepped frequency signal, the signal processor 12 first determines the target electrical signal based on the detection electrical signal S1, then determines the second frequency domain signal based on the target electrical signal, and finally determines the peak value and position of the reflected signal based on the peak value and time delay of the second frequency domain signal. The peak value and time delay of the second frequency domain signal are specifically represented by the OxDA waveform diagram.

[0107] When transmitting electrical signal S1, which includes a detection sequence and a service electrical signal, and the detection sequence includes a constant envelope zero autocorrelation signal, the signal processor 12 first determines the target electrical signal based on the detection electrical signal S2. It then correlates one of the target electrical signal and the second interference signal with one of the detection sequence and the second hard-decision electrical signal to determine the peak value and position of the second correlation peak. Based on the peak value and position of the second correlation peak, it determines the peak value and position of the reflected signal. The second hard-decision electrical signal is the electrical signal generated by hard-decision analysis of the target electrical signal. The difference between the target electrical signal and the second hard-decision electrical signal is the second interference electrical signal. For example, the correlation can be between the target electrical signal and the detection sequence, or between the target electrical signal and the second hard-decision electrical signal, or between the second interference electrical signal and the detection sequence, or between the second interference electrical signal and the second hard-decision electrical signal. The peak value and position of the second correlation peak are specifically represented by the OxDA waveform.

[0108] For example, given a known peak value of the reflected signal at position (A1, B1), this indicates that the cavity length of the reflecting cavity formed by the two reflecting points between the optical transmitting component 20 and the optical receiving component 10 is B1, and the reflection intensity is A1. These two reflecting points can both be reflecting points in the optical fiber link 30, or one of these two reflecting points can be a reflecting point located in the optical transmitting component 20, and the other reflecting point can be a reflecting point located in the optical fiber link 30; or one of these two reflecting points can be a reflecting point located in the optical receiving component 10, and the other reflecting point can be a reflecting point in the optical fiber link 30.

[0109] Assuming both reflection points are reflection points within fiber optic link 30, the specific location of the reflection points in fiber optic link 30 can be determined based on the cavity length B1 of the reflection cavity formed by the two reflection points. However, referring to Figure 4, when there are distances of B1 between fiber optic connectors C4 and C5, and between fiber optic connectors C6 and C7, the cavity length B1 cannot clearly determine whether the reflection cavity is formed between fiber optic connectors C4 and C5, or between fiber optic connectors C6 and C7. Therefore, manual inspection and adjustment of one or more of fiber optic connectors C4, C5, C6, and C7 are required.

[0110] Referring to Figure 4, in order to more accurately locate the reflection point in the optical fiber link 30, the embodiments of this application provide that a reflection component 13 is provided in the optical receiving component 10, such that one of the two reflection points is the reflection point formed by the reflection component 13 in the optical receiving component 10, and the other reflection point is the reflection point in the optical fiber link 30. Therefore, the cavity length of the reflection cavity formed between the two reflection points is the length of the reflection point in the optical fiber link 30 from the reflection component 13 in the optical receiving component 10, thereby enabling the accurate location of the reflection point in the optical fiber link 30 based on the peak value and position of the reflected signal.

[0111] For example, if the peak value of the reflected signal is at position (A1, B1), and the distance represented by the horizontal axis is the product of time and the speed of light divided by 2, then the cavity length of the reflecting cavity formed by the reflecting component 13 and a reflecting point in the optical fiber link 30 can be determined to be B1, and the reflection intensity to be A1. Based on the distance B1 between the optical fiber connector C7 in the optical fiber link 30 and the reflecting component 13, it can be known that the specific reflecting point in the optical fiber link 30 is a reflection point formed by dirt or looseness in the optical fiber connector C7. For example, referring to Figure 4, the optical receiving component 10 also includes a reflecting component 13, which is used to transmit the first part of the detected optical signal O31 (O31) to the photoelectric converter 11 and the second part of the detected optical signal O3 (O32) to the optical fiber link 30.

[0112] In one example, as shown in Figure 7, the reflective component 13 includes a polarizing beam splitter (PBS) 131 and a reflective film 132. The reflective film 132 is disposed on the first surface of the polarizing beam splitter 131, the second surface of the polarizing beam splitter 131 faces the fiber optic link 30, and the third surface of the polarizing beam splitter 131 faces the photoelectric converter 11. Specifically, according to the placement of the polarizing beam splitter 131 shown in Figure 7, the first surface of the polarizing beam splitter 131 is the lower surface of the polarizing beam splitter 131, the second surface of the polarizing beam splitter 131 is the left surface of the polarizing beam splitter 131, and the third surface of the polarizing beam splitter 131 is the right surface of the polarizing beam splitter 131. In the optical signal incident on the second surface of the polarizing beam splitter 131, the portion of the optical signal with a horizontal (parallel, P) polarization direction is transmitted through the polarizing beam splitter 131 and output from the second surface, while the portion of the optical signal with a vertical (senkrecht, S) polarization direction is reflected by the polarizing beam splitter 131 and transmitted from the first surface to the reflective film 132. Furthermore, the detection optical signal O3 received by the optical receiving component 10 through the optical fiber link 30 includes a first portion of optical signal O31 with a P polarization direction and a second portion of optical signal O32 with an S polarization direction.

[0113] Specifically, the polarizing beam splitter 131 is used to receive the detection optical signal O3 from its second surface, transmit the first part of the detection optical signal O31 (polarized in the P direction) from the third surface of the polarizing beam splitter 131 to the photoelectric converter 11, and reflect the second part of the detection optical signal O2 (polarized in the S direction) to the reflective film 132. The reflective film 132 is used to reflect the second part of the optical signal O32. The polarizing beam splitter 131 is also used to reflect the second part of the optical signal O32 reflected by the reflective film 132, and transmit it to the optical fiber link 30 through the second surface of the polarizing beam splitter 131.

[0114] The reflectivity of the reflective film 132 is greater than or equal to 1%.

[0115] In one example, the reflectivity of the reflective film 132 can be 10%. For example, in order to detect a reflection signal with a large peak value, the reflectivity of the reflective film 132 can be set to 10%, which is approximately -10 dB. This ensures that the peak value of the reflection signal output by the reflection cavity formed by the reflection component 13 in the optical receiving component 10 and the reflection point in the optical fiber link 30 is large and easy to detect.

[0116] In another example, the reflectivity of the reflective film 132 can be 1%. For another example, the reflectivity of the reflective film 132 can be 50%. Yet another example is that the reflectivity of the reflective film 132 can be 99%. Specifically, the reflectivity of the reflective film 132 can be determined based on the sensitivity of the optical receiving component 10 and the margin of the optical signal transmitted in the optical fiber link 30, ensuring that the first portion of the optical signal O31 is transmitted to the photoelectric converter 11.

[0117] For example, a lens 16 is typically provided in the optical receiving component 10. The lens 16 is used to focus the detection optical signal O3 transmitted from the optical fiber link 30 to the optical receiving component 10 and transmit it to the reflective component 13, and to focus the second part of the optical signal O32 from the reflective component 13 and transmit it to the optical fiber link 30.

[0118] In another example, referring to FIG8, the reflective assembly 13 includes a coupler 134 and a looper 133. The a-end of the looper 133 (also referred to as the first end of the looper 133) is connected to the optical fiber link 30, the b-end of the looper 133 (also referred to as the second end of the looper 133) is connected to the d-end of the coupler 134 (also referred to as the first end of the coupler 134), the e-end of the coupler 134 (also referred to as the second end of the coupler 134) is connected to the photoelectric converter 11, and the f-end of the coupler 134 (also referred to as the third end of the coupler 134) is connected to the c-end of the looper 133 (also referred to as the third end of the looper 133). Specifically, the optical signal input at terminal a of looper 133 will be output through terminal b of looper 133, the optical signal input at terminal b of looper 133 will be output through terminal c of looper 133, and the optical signal input at terminal c of looper 133 will be output through terminal a of looper 133; of the optical signal input at terminal d of coupler 134, part of the optical signal will be output through terminal e of coupler 134, and part of the optical signal will be output through terminal f of coupler 134.

[0119] Specifically, looper 133 is used to receive detection optical signal O3 through its a-end and transmit detection optical signal O3 through its b-end to the d-end of coupler 134; coupler 134 is used to transmit the first part of the detection optical signal O31 through its e-end to photoelectric converter 11 and the second part of the detection optical signal O32 through its f-end to the c-end of looper 133; looper 133 is used to transmit the second part of the optical signal O32 through its a-end to fiber optic link 30.

[0120] In another example, referring to FIG9, the optical receiving component 10 further includes a demultiplexer 17 connected between the optical fiber link 30 and the photoelectric converter 11. For example, when the optical signal received by the optical receiving component 10 is a multi-wavelength optical signal generated by wavelength division multiplexing, the demultiplexer 17 can demultiplex the optical signals of different wavelengths and then transmit them to different photoelectric converters 11. At this time, the reflective component 13 includes a reflective film 135, which is disposed on the side of the demultiplexer 17 close to the optical fiber link 30. That is, the reflective film 135 is disposed on the side of the demultiplexer 17 facing the optical fiber link. The reflective film 135 is used to transmit the first part of the detection optical signal O31 to the photoelectric converter 11 and reflect the second part of the detection optical signal O32 to the optical fiber link 30. The reflectivity of the reflective film 135 is greater than or equal to 1%.

[0121] In one example, the reflectivity of the reflective film 135 can be 10%. For example, in order to detect a reflection signal with a large peak value, the reflectivity of the reflective film 135 can be set to 10%, which is approximately -10 dB. This ensures that the peak value of the reflection signal output by the reflection cavity formed by the reflection component 13 in the optical receiving component 10 and the reflection point in the optical fiber link 30 is large and easy to detect.

[0122] In another example, the reflectivity of the reflective film 135 can be 1%. For another example, the reflectivity of the reflective film 135 can be 50%. Yet another example is that the reflectivity of the reflective film 135 can be 99%. Specifically, the reflectivity of the reflective film 135 can be determined based on the sensitivity of the optical receiving component 10 and the margin of the optical signal transmitted in the optical fiber link 30, ensuring that the first portion of the optical signal O31 is transmitted to the photoelectric converter 11.

[0123] For example, in any of the figures 4, 7 to 9 shown, the optical receiving assembly 10 further includes a signal sampler 14 disposed between the photoelectric converter 11 and the signal processor 12; the signal sampler 14 is used to sample the detection electrical signal S2. For example, the signal sampler 14 can be an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and the signal sampler 14 specifically downsamples the detection electrical signal S2, which can sample the detection electrical signal into a single detection electrical signal S2 or a multiple detection electrical signal S2.

[0124] For example, in any of the figures 4, 7 to 9 shown in the optical receiving component 10, the optical receiving component 10 further includes a detection result determination device 15. The detection result determination device 15 is used to receive the peak value and position of the reflected signal, and, in conjunction with the topology of the optical fiber link 30, determine whether there is a fault in the optical fiber link 30, and determine the positions of at least two reflection points. The detection result determination device 15 is disposed in the optical receiving component 10. The detection result determination device 15 can also report the positions of at least two reflection points to the controller of the optical receiving component 10, or to the controller 201 of the optical communication system 200, or to the network management system, server, etc. of the optical communication system 200. The maintenance personnel of the optical communication system 200 can obtain the positions of at least two reflection points determined by the detection result determination device 15, and use these positions to repair the optical fiber connectors that form the reflection points.

[0125] For example, referring to FIG4, in order to more accurately locate the reflection point in the optical fiber link 30, the embodiments of this application provide that a reflection component 24 is provided in the optical transmitting component 20, such that one of the two reflection points is the reflection point formed by the reflection component 24 in the optical transmitting component 20, and the other reflection point is the reflection point in the optical fiber link 30. Therefore, the cavity length of the reflection cavity formed between the two reflection points is the length of the reflection point in the optical fiber link 30 from the reflection component 24 in the optical transmitting component 20, thereby enabling the accurate location of the reflection point in the optical fiber link 30 based on the peak value and position of the reflected signal.

[0126] For example, if the peak value of the reflected signal is at position (A1, B1), and the distance represented by the horizontal axis is the product of time and the speed of light divided by 2, then the cavity length of the reflecting cavity formed by the reflecting component 24 and a reflecting point in the optical fiber link 30 can be determined to be B1, and the reflection intensity to be A1. Based on the distance B1 between the optical fiber connector C4 in the optical fiber link 30 and the reflecting component 13, it can be known that the specific reflecting point in the optical fiber link 30 is formed by dirt or looseness in the optical fiber connector C4.

[0127] For example, as shown in FIG4, the optical transmitting component 20 further includes a reflective component 24 and an isolator 23 disposed between the electro-optic modulator 22 and the reflective component 24.

[0128] Isolator 23 is used to transmit the transmitted optical signal O2 from electro-optic modulator 22 to reflector 24; reflector 24 is used to transmit the transmitted optical signal O2 from isolator 23 to fiber optic link 30.

[0129] The reflector 24 is also used to receive the transmitted optical signal O2 reflected back through the optical fiber link 30, and transmit the third part of the reflected transmitted optical signal O21 to the isolator 23, and transmit the fourth part of the reflected transmitted optical signal O22 to the optical fiber link 30. The isolator 23 is used to block the third part of the optical signal O21 from the reflector 24, so that the reflected transmitted optical signal O2 will not affect the performance of the electro-optic modulator 22.

[0130] For example, as shown in FIG10, the reflective assembly 24 includes a polarizing beam splitter 241 and a reflective film 242. The reflective film 242 is disposed on the first surface of the polarizing beam splitter 241, the second surface of the polarizing beam splitter 241 faces the isolator 23, and the third surface of the polarizing beam splitter 241 faces the optical fiber link 30. Specifically, according to the placement of the polarizing beam splitter 241 shown in FIG10, the first surface of the polarizing beam splitter 241 is the lower surface of the polarizing beam splitter 241, the second surface of the polarizing beam splitter 241 is the left surface of the polarizing beam splitter 241, and the third surface of the polarizing beam splitter 241 is the right surface of the polarizing beam splitter 241. In this process, of the optical signal incident on the third surface of the polarizing beam splitter 241, the portion of the optical signal with a P-polarized direction is transmitted through the polarizing beam splitter 241 and output from the second surface, while the portion of the optical signal with an S-polarized direction is reflected by the polarizing beam splitter 241 and transmitted from the first surface to the reflective film 242. Furthermore, the transmitted optical signal O2 output by the electro-optic modulator 22 is typically linearly polarized light with a P-polarized direction. The transmitted optical signal O2 received by the optical transmitting component 20 from the optical fiber link 30 includes a third portion of the optical signal O21 with a P-polarized direction and a fourth portion of the optical signal O22 with an S-polarized direction.

[0131] The polarizing beam splitter 241 is used to transmit the transmitted optical signal O2 from the isolator 23 through the third surface of the polarizing beam splitter 241 to the optical fiber link 30.

[0132] The polarization beam splitter 241 is also used to receive the reflected transmitted optical signal O2 from the third surface of the polarization beam splitter 241, transmit the third part of the reflected transmitted optical signal O21 (polarization direction is P polarization) from the second surface of the polarization beam splitter 241 to the isolator 23, and reflect the fourth part of the reflected transmitted optical signal O22 to the reflective film 242; the reflective film 242 is used to reflect the fourth part of the optical signal O22; the polarization beam splitter 241 is also used to reflect the fourth part of the optical signal O22 reflected by the reflective film 242, and transmit it through the third surface of the polarization beam splitter 241 to the optical fiber link 30.

[0133] The reflectivity of the reflective film 242 is greater than or equal to 1%. In one example, the reflectivity of the reflective film 242 can be 10%. For example, in order to detect a reflection signal with a large peak value, the reflectivity of the reflective film 242 can be set to 10%, which is approximately -10 dB. This ensures that the peak value of the reflection signal output from the reflection cavity formed by the reflection component 24 in the optical transmission component 20 and the reflection point in the optical fiber link 30 is large.

[0134] In another example, the reflectivity of the reflective film 242 can be 1%. For another example, the reflectivity of the reflective film 242 can be 55%. Yet another example is that the reflectivity of the reflective film 242 can be 80%. Furthermore, the reflectivity of the reflective film 242 can be set to a relatively high value.

[0135] For example, a lens 25 is typically provided in the optical transmitting component 20. The lens 25 is used to focus the transmitted optical signal O2 from the reflector 24 and transmit it to the optical fiber link 30, and to focus the transmitted optical signal O2 reflected back from the optical fiber link 30 and transmit it to the reflector 24.

[0136] In another example, referring to FIG11, the reflector 24 includes a looper 244 and a coupler 243. The isolator 23 is connected to the h-end of the looper 244 (also referred to as the first end of the looper 244), the j-end of the looper 244 (also referred to as the second end of the looper 244) is connected to the n-end of the coupler 243 (also referred to as the first end of the coupler 243), the m-end of the coupler 243 (also referred to as the second end of the coupler 244) is connected to the fiber optic link 30, and the p-end of the coupler 243 (also referred to as the third end of the coupler 243) is connected to the k-end of the looper 244 (also referred to as the third end of the looper 244). Specifically, the optical signal input at the h terminal of circulator 244 will be output through the j terminal of circulator 244, the optical signal input at the j terminal of circulator 244 will be output through the k terminal of circulator 244, and the optical signal input at the k terminal of circulator 244 will be output through the h terminal of circulator 244; of the optical signal input at the m terminal of coupler 243, part of the optical signal will be output through the n terminal of coupler 243, and part of the optical signal will be output through the p terminal of coupler 243.

[0137] Specifically, looper 244 is used to transmit the transmitted optical signal O2 from isolator 23 to the n end of coupler 243 through the j end of looper 244; coupler 243 is used to transmit the transmitted optical signal O2 to fiber optic link 30 through the m end of coupler 243.

[0138] Coupler 243 is also used to receive the reflected transmitted optical signal O2 through its second end, transmit the third part of the reflected transmitted optical signal O21 to the k end of the looper 244 through the p end of coupler 243, and transmit the fourth part of the reflected transmitted optical signal O22 to the j end of the looper 244 through the n end of coupler 243; looper 244 is also used to transmit the third part of the optical signal O21 to the isolator 23 through the h end of looper 244, and transmit the fourth part of the optical signal O22 to the p end of coupler 243 through the k end of looper 244; coupler 243 is also used to transmit the fourth part of the optical signal O22 from looper 244 to the optical fiber link 30 through the p end of coupler 243.

[0139] In other examples, referring to FIG12, the optical transmitting component 20 further includes a multiplexer 26 disposed between the reflector 24 and the isolator 23. For example, when the optical transmitting component 20 includes multiple electro-optic modulators 22, and the multiple electro-optic modulators 22 can output transmit optical signals of different wavelengths, the multiplexer 26 can multiplex the multiple transmit optical signals of different wavelengths into a single wavelength division multiplexed transmit optical signal, and then transmit the wavelength division multiplexed transmit optical signal to the optical fiber link 30. In this case, the reflector 24 includes a reflective film 245, and the reflector 24 (specifically the reflective film 245) is disposed on the side of the multiplexer 26 facing the optical fiber link 30. That is, the reflective film 245 is disposed on the side of the multiplexer 26 facing the optical fiber link 30.

[0140] In some examples, as shown with reference to FIG13, the optical transmitting component 20 may not have a multiplexer, and the reflecting component 24 includes a reflective film 245, which is disposed on the side of the isolator 23 facing the optical fiber link 30.

[0141] In the optical transmitting assembly 20 shown in Figures 12 and 13, a reflective film 245 is used to transmit the transmitted optical signal O2 from the isolator 23 to the optical fiber link 30.

[0142] The reflective film 245 is also used to receive the transmitted optical signal O2 reflected back from the optical fiber link 30, transmit the third part of the reflected transmitted optical signal O21 to the isolator 23, and transmit the fourth part of the reflected transmitted optical signal O22 to the optical fiber link 30.

[0143] The reflectivity of the reflective film 245 is greater than or equal to 1%. In one example, the reflectivity of the reflective film 245 can be 10%. For example, in order to detect a reflection signal with a large peak value, the reflectivity of the reflective film 245 can be set to 10%, which is approximately -10 dB. This ensures that the peak value of the reflection signal output from the reflection cavity formed by the reflection component 24 in the optical transmission component 20 and the reflection point in the optical fiber link 30 is large.

[0144] In another example, the reflectivity of the reflective film 245 can be 1%. For another example, the reflectivity of the reflective film 245 can be 55%. Yet another example is that the reflectivity of the reflective film 245 can be 80%. Furthermore, the reflectivity of the reflective film 245 can be set to a relatively high value.

[0145] For example, the above embodiments mainly describe the function of the communication system 200 shown in Figure 4 in transmitting detection sequences. The optical transmitting component 20 in the communication system 200 also has the basic function of transmitting service optical signals, and the optical receiving component 20 in the communication system 200 also has the basic function of receiving service optical signals. Specifically, when it is not necessary to transmit detection sequences, the signal generator 21 in the optical transmitting component 20 is used to output service electrical signals according to service data, and the electro-optic modulator 22 is used to output service optical signals according to service electrical signals. The service optical signals are transmitted to the optical receiving component 10 through the optical fiber link 30. The photoelectric converter 11 in the optical receiving component 10 outputs service electrical signals according to service optical signals, and the signal processor 12 determines service data according to service electrical signals to realize communication.

[0146] For example, referring to FIG4, the communication system 200 further includes a controller 201, which is connected to the optical transmitting component 20 and the optical receiving component 10 respectively. The controller 201 is used to output a first control signal to the optical transmitting component 20 before the communication system 200 starts working (also called before the service goes online), or during the working interval (e.g. when there is no service optical signal transmission), or when a fault occurs. The first control signal is used to control the signal generator 21 in the optical transmitting component 20 to output a transmission electrical signal S1, wherein the transmission electrical signal includes a detection sequence.

[0147] Alternatively, the controller 201 is also configured to output a second control signal to the optical transmitting component 20. The second control signal is configured to control the signal generator 21 in the optical transmitting component 20 to output a transmission electrical signal S1, wherein the transmission electrical signal S1 includes a detection sequence and a service electrical signal.

[0148] For example, the optical receiving component 10 may not include the detection result determination device 15. The optical receiving component 10 can transmit the peak value and position of the reflected signal to the controller 201. The controller 201 also stores the topology of the optical fiber link 30. The controller 201 is used to receive the peak value and position of the reflected signal, and in combination with the topology of the optical fiber link 30, determine whether there is a fault in the optical fiber link 30, and determine the positions of at least two reflection points.

[0149] Alternatively, the optical receiving component 10 may need to store the transmitted electrical signal S1 or the byte containing the detection sequence in the transmitted electrical signal S1. The controller 201 may receive the transmitted electrical signal S1 or the byte containing the detection sequence in the transmitted electrical signal S1 through the optical transmitting component 20 and transmit the transmitted electrical signal S1 or the byte containing the detection sequence in the transmitted electrical signal S1 to the optical receiving component 10.

[0150] The controller 201 can be a control device of the communication system 200, such as a gateway, or it can be a control module in the optical transmitting component 20 or the optical receiving component 10. In the case where the controller 201 is a control module in the optical transmitting component 20 or the optical receiving component 10, a backhaul link is also included between the optical transmitting component 20 and the optical receiving component 10.

[0151] For example, referring to FIG14, an embodiment of this application also provides a schematic diagram of another communication system 300. The communication system 300 includes an optical component 40 (also referred to as a first optical component), an optical component 301 (also referred to as a second optical component), and an optical fiber link 50, wherein the optical component 40 and the optical component 301 are connected by the optical fiber link 50. Specifically, the optical component 40 is connected to the optical fiber link 50, and the optical component 301 is connected to the optical fiber link 50.

[0152] The optical component 40 includes a signal generator 41, an electro-optic modulator 42, a photoelectric converter 43, a signal processor 44, and an optical transmission device 45. The q terminal (also referred to as the first terminal of the optical transmission device 45) of the optical transmission device 45 is connected to the electro-optic modulator 42, the r terminal (also referred to as the second terminal of the optical transmission device 45) of the optical transmission device 45 is connected to the optical fiber link 50, and the s terminal (also referred to as the third terminal of the optical transmission device 45) of the optical transmission device 45 is connected to the photoelectric converter 43.

[0153] Signal generator 41 is used to output a transmit electrical signal S3; electro-optic modulator 42 is used to output a transmit optical signal O4 according to the transmit electrical signal S3; optical transmission device 45 is used to receive the transmit optical signal O4 through the q terminal of the optical transmission device 45 and transmit the transmit optical signal O4 to the optical fiber link 50 through the r terminal of the optical transmission device 45.

[0154] The optical transmission device 45 is further configured to receive the detection optical signal O5 through its r-terminal and transmit the detection optical signal O5 to the photoelectric converter 43 through its s-terminal. The transmitted optical signal O4, after being transmitted through the optical fiber link 50, becomes the detection optical signal O5. The detection optical signal O5 includes a reflected signal, which is formed by the reflection of the transmitted optical signal O4 by a reflection point in the optical fiber link 50. The photoelectric converter 43 is configured to output a detection electrical signal S4 based on the detection optical signal O5. The signal processor 44 is configured to determine the peak value and position of the reflected signal based on the detection electrical signal S4.

[0155] For example, the optical component 40 receives the detection optical signal O5. It can be considered that after the optical component 40 outputs the transmission optical signal O4, all optical signals received by the optical component 40 are called the detection optical signal O5. For example, the transmission optical signal O4 will be scattered and then transmitted in the reverse direction in the optical fiber link 50, which is the detection optical signal O5. The detection optical signal O5 also includes the reflected signal formed by the reflection point in the optical fiber link 50 reflecting the transmission optical signal O4. The transmission direction of the detection optical signal O5 is opposite to that of the transmission optical signal O4, and the transmission direction of the reflected signal is also opposite to that of the transmission optical signal O4.

[0156] For example, signal processor 44 can obtain the optical x-domain reflectometry (OxDR) waveform shown in Figure 15 based on the detected electrical signal S4. The horizontal axis of the OxDR waveform represents distance, and the vertical axis represents intensity. The peaks in the OxDR waveform shown in Figure 15 are the reflected signals. In Figure 15, the OxDR waveform includes n peaks, and the reflected signal includes n peaks and positions, where n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. Specifically, a peak is output from a reflection point in the optical fiber link 50. The intensity value and distance corresponding to the top of a peak represent a peak and position of the reflected signal, and the peak and position of the reflected signal represent the reflection intensity and position of the reflection point in the optical fiber link 50. The greater the reflection intensity of a reflection point, the greater its impact on the bit error rate of the service optical signal received by optical component 301 or optical component 40.

[0157] As shown in Figure 15, an OxDR waveform diagram is presented. This OxDR waveform diagram includes two peaks, representing the two peak values ​​and positions of the reflected signal. For example, based on the peaks in Figure 15, one peak value and its position are (A3, B3), and the other peak value and its position are (A4, B4). Given that the distance represented by the horizontal axis is the product of time and the speed of light divided by 2, the distance from one reflection point in the fiber optic link 50 to the optical component 40 is B3, with a reflection intensity of A3. The distance from another reflection point in the fiber optic link 50 to the optical component 40 is B4, with a reflection intensity of A4. The reflection intensity at each reflection point specifically represents the return loss at that reflection point.

[0158] For example, given that the distance between a reflection point in the fiber optic link 50 and the optical component 40 is B3, and the distance between another reflection point in the fiber optic link 50 and the optical component 40 is B4, and based on the distance between the fiber optic connector C8 and the optical component 40 in the fiber optic link 50 being B3, and the distance between the fiber optic connector C9 and the optical component 40 in the fiber optic link 50 being B4, it can be known that the reflection points in the fiber optic link 50 are specifically the reflection points formed by dirt or looseness of the fiber optic connectors C8 and C9.

[0159] For example, in the optical component 40 shown in Figure 14, the signal generator 41 outputs a transmit electrical signal S3; the electro-optic modulator 42 outputs a transmit optical signal O4 based on the transmit electrical signal S3; the optical transmission device 45 receives the transmit optical signal O4 through its q-terminal and transmits the transmit optical signal O4 to the optical fiber link 50 through its r-terminal. The optical transmission device 45 receives a detection optical signal O5 through its r-terminal and transmits the detection optical signal O5 to the photoelectric converter 43 through its s-terminal. The transmit optical signal O4 returned to the optical component 40 via the optical fiber link 50 is the detection optical signal O5. The photoelectric converter 43 outputs a detection electrical signal S4 based on the detection optical signal O5; the signal processor 44 determines the peak value and position of the reflected signal based on the detection electrical signal S4. The reflected signal is output from the reflection point in the optical fiber link 50. For example, a peak value and position of the reflected signal represent the reflection intensity and position of a reflection point in the optical fiber link 50. Based on the reflection intensity, it can be determined which reflection points on the optical fiber link 50 will have a significant impact on the bit error rate of the optical signal received by the optical component 301 or the optical component 40. Among these methods, using the optical component 40 to determine the position of the reflection point in the optical fiber link 50 is a highly efficient and time-saving detection method.

[0160] For example, in Figure 14, the transmitted electrical signal S3 output by the signal generator 41 includes a detection sequence. Alternatively, the transmitted electrical signal S3 includes a detection sequence and a service electrical signal, and when the transmitted electrical signal includes a detection sequence and a service optical signal, the byte containing the detection sequence is different from the byte containing the service electrical signal, and both the signal generator 41 and the signal processor 44 in the optical component 40 know the byte containing the detection sequence.

[0161] The detection sequence includes any of the following: linear frequency modulation (LFM) signal, constant amplitude zero autocorrelation (CAZAC) signal, and step frequency signal. The step frequency signal is also referred to as the step frequency signal.

[0162] The processing method of signal processor 44 to process detection signal S4 to obtain OxDR waveform when transmitting electrical signal S3 is different can be referred to the processing method of signal processor 12 to process detection signal S2 to obtain OxDA waveform, and will not be repeated here.

[0163] For example, as shown in FIG14, the optical component 40 may further include a signal sampler 46 disposed between the photoelectric converter 43 and the signal processor 44; the function of the signal sampler 46 is similar to that of the signal sampler 14 described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0164] For example, as shown in FIG14, the optical component 40 may further include a detection result determination device 47, which is used to receive the peak value and position of the reflected signal, and in combination with the topology of the optical fiber link 50, determine whether there is a fault in the optical fiber link 50, and determine the position of the reflection point in the optical fiber link 50.

[0165] For example, the optical transmission device 45 includes a duplexer or a circulator. The duplexer's frequency is related to the transmission optical signal O4 and the detection optical signal O5. Specifically, when the q-terminal of the duplexer receives the transmission optical signal O4, it outputs the transmission optical signal O4 from the r-terminal of the duplexer according to the frequency of the transmission optical signal O4. When the r-terminal of the duplexer receives the detection optical signal O5, it outputs the detection optical signal O5 from the s-terminal of the duplexer according to the frequency of the detection optical signal O5. In this example, the transmission optical signal O4 returns to the optical component 40 via the optical fiber link 50 as the detection optical signal O5; therefore, the transmission optical signal O4 and the detection optical signal O5 have the same frequency.

[0166] A looper is a three-port device, specifically, the optical signal input to the q terminal of the looper is output through the r terminal of the looper, the optical signal input to the r terminal of the looper is output through the s terminal of the looper, and the optical signal input to the s terminal of the looper is output through the q terminal of the looper.

[0167] In some embodiments, when the sensitivity of the photoelectric converter 43 is high, or the performance of the signal sampler 46 is good (e.g., when the signal sampler 46 is an ADC, the digital quantization bit width of the ADC is high), the signal processor 44 is also used to determine the location and insertion loss value of the insertion loss point in the optical fiber link 50 based on the detection electrical signal S4.

[0168] For example, as shown in Figure 15, the steep drop in the OxDR waveform is caused by the insertion loss point in the fiber optic link 50. Furthermore, Figure 15 shows two steep drops in the OxDR waveform; one of these drops is caused by an insertion loss point in the fiber optic link 50. Based on the location and magnitude of the steep drop in the OxDR waveform, the location and magnitude of the insertion loss point in the fiber optic link 50 can be determined.

[0169] For example, the above embodiments mainly describe the function of the communication system 300 shown in Figure 14 in transmitting a detection sequence. The optical component 40 in the communication system 300 also has the basic functions of transmitting and receiving service optical signals, and the optical component 301 in the communication system 300 also has the basic functions of receiving and transmitting service optical signals. For example, the optical component 301 is used to receive the first service optical signal transmitted by the optical component 40, or to output a second service optical signal to the optical component 40. Specifically, when it is not necessary to transmit a detection sequence, and the optical component 40 is the transmitting end optical component and the optical component 301 is the receiving end optical component, the signal generator 41 in the optical component 40 is used to output a first service electrical signal according to the first service data, and the electro-optic modulator 42 is used to output a first service optical signal according to the first service electrical signal. The first service optical signal is transmitted to the optical component 301 through the optical fiber link 50, and the optical component 301 determines the first service data according to the first service optical signal to realize communication. When no detection sequence needs to be sent, and optical component 40 is the receiving optical component and optical component 301 is the transmitting optical component, optical component 301 outputs a second service optical signal according to the second service data. The second service optical signal is transmitted to optical component 40 through optical fiber link 50. The photoelectric converter 43 in optical component 40 outputs a second service electrical signal according to the second service optical signal. The signal processor 44 determines the second service data according to the second service electrical signal to realize communication.

[0170] For example, referring to FIG14, the communication system 300 further includes a controller 302, which is connected to the optical component 40 and the optical component 301 respectively. The controller 302 is used to output a first control signal to the optical component 40 before the communication system 300 starts working (also called before the service goes online), or during the working interval (e.g. when no service optical signal is transmitted), or when a fault occurs. The first control signal is used to control the signal generator 41 in the optical component 40 to output a transmission electrical signal S3, wherein the transmission electrical signal S3 includes a detection sequence.

[0171] Alternatively, the controller 302 is also used to output a second control signal to the optical component 40. The second control signal is used to control the signal generator 41 in the optical component 40 to output a transmission electrical signal S3, wherein the transmission electrical signal S3 includes a detection sequence and a service electrical signal.

[0172] For example, the optical component 40 may not include the detection result determination device 47. The optical component 40 can transmit the peak value and position of the reflected signal to the controller 302. The controller 302 also stores the topology of the optical fiber link 50. The controller 302 is used to receive the peak value and position of the reflected signal, and in combination with the topology of the optical fiber link 50, determine whether there is a fault in the optical fiber link 50 and determine the position of the reflection point.

[0173] In other embodiments, referring to FIG16, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device 60, which includes an electrical signal processing device 61 and an optical receiving component 10 as shown in FIG4, FIG7 to FIG9. The electrical signal processing device 61 is connected to the optical receiving component 10.

[0174] For example, when the optical receiving component 10 does not include a detection result determination unit, the optical receiving component 10 can transmit the peak value and position of the reflected signal to the electrical signal processing device 61. The electrical signal processing device 61 is used to receive the peak value and position of the reflected signal output by the optical receiving component 10, and, in combination with the topology of the optical fiber link 30 connected to the optical receiving component 10, determine whether there is a fault in the optical fiber link 30, and determine the positions of at least two reflection points.

[0175] In addition, when the optical receiving component 10 receives the service optical signal transmitted by the optical transmitting component 20 through the optical fiber link 30, the signal processor 12 in the optical receiving component 10 is also used to output service data to the electrical signal processing device 61, which includes a processor, a memory, etc.

[0176] For example, in some embodiments, the communication device 60 further includes an optical transmission component 62, which is connected to an electrical signal processing device 61. The electrical signal processing device 61 is also used to output service data to the optical transmission component 62, and the optical transmission component 62 outputs service electrical signals according to the service data.

[0177] For example, the optical transmitting component 62 may be the optical transmitting component 20 provided in the embodiments of this application, or it may be other optical transmitting components.

[0178] In other embodiments, referring to FIG17, embodiments of this application provide another communication device 70, which includes an electrical signal processing device 71 and an optical transmission component 20 as shown in any one of FIG4, FIG10 to FIG13, wherein the electrical signal processing device 71 is connected to the optical transmission component 20.

[0179] For example, when the transmitted electrical signal includes a service electrical signal, the electrical signal processing device 71 is used to output service data; the signal generator 21 in the optical transmission component 20 is used to determine the service electrical signal based on the service data, and then output the transmitted electrical signal. When the optical transmission component only outputs a service optical signal, the electrical signal processing device 71 is used to output service data, and the signal generator 21 in the optical transmission component 20 is used to output the service optical signal based on the service data.

[0180] For example, the communication device 70 shown in FIG17 may further include an optical receiving component 72, which is connected to an electrical signal processing device 71. The optical receiving component 72 is used to receive optical signals transmitted to the communication device 70 and output service data to the electrical signal processing device 71 according to the optical signals. The electrical signal processing device 71 includes a processor, a memory, etc.

[0181] For example, the optical receiving component 72 may be the optical receiving component 10 provided in the embodiments of this application, or it may be other optical receiving components.

[0182] In other embodiments, referring to FIG18, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device 80, which includes an electrical signal processing device 81 and an optical component 40 as shown in FIG14. The electrical signal processing device 81 is connected to the optical component 40.

[0183] For example, when the optical component 40 does not include a detection result determination unit, the optical component 40 can transmit the peak value and position of the reflected signal to the electrical signal processing device 81. The electrical signal processing device 81 is used to receive the peak value and position of the reflected signal output by the optical component 40, and, in combination with the topology of the optical fiber link 50 connected to the optical component 40, determine whether there is a fault in the optical fiber link 50, and determine the position of the reflection point in the optical fiber link 50.

[0184] In addition, when the optical component 40 receives the service optical signal transmitted through the optical fiber link 50, the signal processor 12 in the optical component 40 is also used to output service data to the electrical signal processing device 81.

[0185] For example, when the transmitted electrical signal includes a service electrical signal, the electrical signal processing device 71 is used to output service data; the signal generator 21 in the optical transmission component 20 is used to determine the service electrical signal based on the service data, and then output the transmitted electrical signal. When the optical transmission component only outputs a service optical signal, the electrical signal processing device 71 is used to output service data, the signal generator 21 in the optical transmission component 20 is used to output a service electrical signal based on the service data, and the electro-optic modulator 22 in the optical transmission component 20 is used to output a service optical signal based on the service electrical signal.

[0186] For example, when the transmit electrical signal output by the signal generator 41 in the optical component 40 includes a service electrical signal, the electrical signal processing device 81 is used to output service data; the signal generator 41 in the optical component 40 is used to determine the service electrical signal based on the service data, and then output the transmit electrical signal. When the optical component 40 only outputs a service optical signal, the electrical signal processing device 81 is used to output service data, the signal generator 41 in the optical component 40 is used to output a service electrical signal based on the service data, and the electro-optic modulator 42 in the optical component 40 is used to output a service optical signal based on the service electrical signal.

[0187] For example, the communication devices 60, 70, and 80 mentioned above can be devices such as optical line terminals (OLTs), optical network units (ONUs), optical network terminals (ONTs), switches, fiber optic routers, video optical transceivers, and servers.

[0188] In communication device 60, the optical receiving component 10 and optical transmitting component 62 can be integrated with communication device 60 or pluggable onto communication device 60. Similarly, in communication device 70, the optical receiving component 72 and optical transmitting component 20 can be integrated with communication device 70 or pluggable onto communication device 70. The optical component 40 in communication device 80 can be integrated with communication device 80 or pluggable onto communication device 80. The embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0189] Although this application has been described in conjunction with specific features and embodiments, it is obvious that various modifications and combinations can be made thereto without departing from the scope of this application. Accordingly, this specification and drawings are merely exemplary illustrations of this application as defined by the appended claims, and are considered to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of this application. Clearly, those skilled in the art can make various alterations and modifications to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Thus, if such modifications and modifications of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application is also intended to include such modifications and modifications.

Claims

1. An optical receiving component, characterized in that, The optical receiving component is connected to an optical fiber link, and the optical receiving component includes: a photoelectric converter and a signal processor; The photoelectric converter is used to receive a detection optical signal through the optical fiber link and output a detection electrical signal based on the detection optical signal; the detection optical signal includes a reflected signal, which is output by a reflective cavity formed by at least two reflection points between the optical receiving component and the optical transmitting component; The signal processor is used to determine the peak value and position of the reflected signal based on the detected electrical signal.

2. The optical receiving component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmitted electrical signal includes a detection sequence. or, The transmitted electrical signal includes the detection sequence and the service electrical signal; The detection sequence includes any one of the following: a linear frequency modulated signal, a constant envelope zero autocorrelation signal, and a step frequency signal; the transmitted optical signal corresponding to the transmitted electrical signal is transmitted to the optical receiving component through the optical fiber link to become the detection optical signal.

3. The optical receiving component according to claim 2, characterized in that, The detection sequence includes a linear frequency modulated signal or a step frequency signal; The signal processor is specifically used to determine a first frequency domain signal based on the detected electrical signal, and to determine the peak value and position of the reflected signal based on the peak value and time delay of the first frequency domain signal.

4. The optical receiving component according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmitted electrical signal includes a detection sequence and a service electrical signal, and the detection sequence includes a linear frequency modulation signal or a step frequency signal; The signal processor is specifically configured to determine a target electrical signal based on the detected electrical signal, determine a second frequency domain signal based on the target electrical signal, and determine the peak value and position of the reflected signal based on the peak value and time delay of the second frequency domain signal. Wherein, when the byte containing the detection sequence is different from the byte containing the service electrical signal, the signal processor is specifically used to determine the target electrical signal based on the target byte in the detection electrical signal, wherein the target byte is the byte containing the detection sequence; When the detection sequence is the modulated signal of the service electrical signal, the signal processor is specifically used to demodulate the detection electrical signal to determine the target electrical signal.

5. The optical receiving component according to claim 2, characterized in that, The detection sequence includes a constant envelope zero autocorrelation signal; The signal processor is specifically configured to correlate one of the detection electrical signal and the first interference electrical signal with one of the transmission electrical signal and the first hard judgment electrical signal to determine the peak value and position of the first correlation peak, and to determine the peak value and position of the reflected signal based on the peak value and position of the first correlation peak. Wherein, the first hard-decision electrical signal is an electrical signal generated by hard-decision of the detection electrical signal; the difference between the detection electrical signal and the hard-decision electrical signal is the first interference electrical signal.

6. The optical receiving component according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmitted electrical signal includes a detection sequence and a service electrical signal; the detection sequence includes a constant envelope zero autocorrelation signal. The signal processor is specifically configured to determine a target electrical signal based on the detected electrical signal, correlate one of the target electrical signal and the second interference electrical signal with one of the detection sequence and the second hard-decision electrical signal to determine the peak value and position of the second correlation peak, and determine the peak value and position of the reflected signal based on the peak value and position of the second correlation peak; the second hard-decision electrical signal is an electrical signal generated by hard-decision of the target electrical signal; the difference between the target electrical signal and the second hard-decision electrical signal is the second interference electrical signal; Wherein, when the byte containing the detection sequence is different from the byte containing the service electrical signal, the signal processor is specifically used to determine the target electrical signal based on the target byte in the detection electrical signal, wherein the target byte is the byte containing the detection sequence; When the detection sequence is the modulated signal of the service electrical signal, the signal processor is specifically used to demodulate the detection electrical signal to determine the target electrical signal.

7. The optical receiving component according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The optical receiving component also includes a reflective component; The reflective component is used to transmit a first portion of the detected optical signal to the photoelectric converter and a second portion of the detected optical signal to the optical fiber link.

8. The optical receiving component according to claim 7, characterized in that, The reflective component includes a polarizing beam splitter and a reflective film, wherein the reflective film is disposed on the first surface of the polarizing beam splitter, the second surface of the polarizing beam splitter faces the optical fiber link, and the third surface of the polarizing beam splitter faces the photoelectric converter. The polarizing beam splitter is used to receive the detection light signal from the second surface of the polarizing beam splitter, transmit the first part of the detection light signal through the third surface of the polarizing beam splitter to the photoelectric converter, and reflect the second part of the detection light signal to the reflective film. The reflective film is used to reflect the second part of the optical signal; The polarizing beam splitter is also used to reflect the second portion of the optical signal reflected by the reflective film and transmit it to the optical fiber link through the second surface of the polarizing beam splitter.

9. The optical receiving component according to claim 7, characterized in that, The reflective assembly includes a coupler and a looper. A first end of the looper is connected to the optical fiber link, a second end of the looper is connected to the first end of the coupler, the second end of the coupler is connected to the photoelectric converter, and a third end of the coupler is connected to the third end of the looper. The looper is used to receive the detection optical signal through its first end and transmit the detection optical signal through its second end to the first end of the coupler. The coupler is used to transmit the first portion of the detected optical signal to the photoelectric converter through the second end of the coupler, and to transmit the second portion of the detected optical signal to the third end of the looper through the third end of the coupler; The looper is used to transmit the second part of the optical signal to the optical fiber link through the first end of the looper.

10. The optical receiving component according to claim 7, characterized in that, The optical receiving component further includes a multiplexer connected between the optical fiber link and the photoelectric converter, and the reflective component includes a reflective film, which is disposed on the side of the multiplexer facing the optical fiber link.

11. The optical receiving component according to claim 8 or 10, characterized in that, The reflectivity of the reflective film is greater than or equal to 1%.

12. The optical receiving component according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The optical receiving component also includes a signal sampler disposed between the photoelectric converter and the signal processor; The signal sampler is used to sample the detected electrical signal.

13. The optical receiving component according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that, The optical receiving component also includes a detection result determination device; The detection result determining device is used to receive the peak value and position of the reflected signal, and, in combination with the topology of the optical fiber link, determine whether there is a fault in the optical fiber link, and determine the position of the at least two reflection points.

14. An optical transmitting component, characterized in that, The optical transmission component is connected to an optical fiber link, and the optical transmission component includes: a signal generator and an electro-optic modulator; The signal generator is used to output and transmit electrical signals; The electro-optic modulator is used to output a transmitted optical signal according to the transmitted electrical signal; wherein, the transmitted optical signal is transmitted through the optical fiber link and becomes a detection optical signal, the detection optical signal is used to determine the peak value and position of the reflected signal, the detection optical signal includes the reflected signal, the reflected signal is output by a reflective cavity formed by at least two reflection points between the optical receiving component and the optical transmitting component.

15. The optical transmitting component according to claim 14, characterized in that, The transmitted electrical signal includes a detection sequence. or, The transmitted electrical signal includes the detection sequence and the service electrical signal, wherein the byte containing the detection sequence is different from the byte containing the service electrical signal, or the detection sequence is the modulation signal of the service electrical signal; The detection sequence includes any of the following: a linear frequency modulated signal, a constant envelope zero autocorrelation signal, or a step frequency signal.

16. The optical transmitting component according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that, The optical transmitting component further includes a reflecting component and an isolator disposed between the electro-optic modulator and the reflecting component; The isolator is used to transmit the transmitted optical signal from the electro-optic modulator to the reflective component; The reflective component is used to transmit the transmitted optical signal from the isolator to the optical fiber link; The reflection component is also used to receive the transmitted optical signal reflected back through the optical fiber link, and to transmit a third portion of the reflected transmitted optical signal to the isolator, and to transmit a fourth portion of the reflected transmitted optical signal to the optical fiber link. The isolator is used to block the third portion of the optical signal from the reflective component.

17. The optical transmitting component according to claim 16, characterized in that, The reflective component includes a polarizing beam splitter and a reflective film. The reflective film is disposed on the first surface of the polarizing beam splitter, the second surface of the polarizing beam splitter faces the isolator, and the third surface of the polarizing beam splitter faces the optical fiber link. The polarizing beam splitter is used to transmit the transmitted optical signal from the isolator to the optical fiber link from the third surface of the polarizing beam splitter. The polarizing beam splitter is also used to receive the transmitted optical signal reflected back from the third surface of the polarizing beam splitter, transmit the third part of the transmitted optical signal reflected back to the isolator from the second surface of the polarizing beam splitter, and reflect the fourth part of the transmitted optical signal reflected back to the reflective film. The reflective film is used to reflect the fourth part of the optical signal; The polarizing beam splitter is also used to reflect the fourth portion of the optical signal reflected by the reflective film, and transmit it to the optical fiber link through the third surface of the polarizing beam splitter.

18. The optical transmitting component according to claim 16, characterized in that, The reflection component includes a looper and a coupler. The isolator is connected to a first end of the looper, the second end of the looper is connected to the first end of the coupler, the second end of the coupler is connected to the optical fiber link, and the third end of the coupler is connected to the third end of the looper. The looper is used to transmit the transmitted optical signal from the isolator to the first end of the coupler through the second end of the looper; The coupler is used to transmit the transmitted optical signal to the optical fiber link through the second end of the coupler; The coupler is further configured to receive the reflected transmitted optical signal through the second end of the coupler, transmit the third portion of the reflected transmitted optical signal to the third end of the looper through the third end of the coupler, and transmit the fourth portion of the reflected transmitted optical signal to the second end of the looper through the first end of the coupler. The looper is also used to transmit the third part of the optical signal to the isolator through the first end of the looper, and to transmit the fourth part of the optical signal to the third end of the coupler through the third end of the looper; The coupler is also used to transmit the fourth portion of the optical signal from the looper to the optical fiber link through the second end of the coupler.

19. The optical transmitting component according to claim 16, characterized in that, The optical transmission component further includes a multiplexer disposed between the reflective component and the isolator, the reflective component including a reflective film, and the reflective component being disposed on the side of the multiplexer facing the optical fiber link.

20. The optical transmitting component according to claim 16, characterized in that, The reflective component includes a reflective film and is disposed on the side of the isolator facing the optical fiber link.

21. The optical transmitting component according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that, The reflectivity of the reflective film is greater than or equal to 1%.

22. An optical component, characterized in that, The optical component includes: a signal generator, an electro-optic modulator, a photoelectric converter, a signal processor, and an optical transmission device. The first end of the optical transmission device is connected to the electro-optic modulator, the second end of the optical transmission device is connected to an optical fiber link, and the third end of the optical transmission device is connected to the photoelectric converter. The signal generator is used to output and transmit electrical signals; The electro-optic modulator is used to output a transmitted optical signal according to the transmitted electrical signal; The optical transmission device is used to receive the transmitted optical signal through a first end of the optical transmission device, and to transmit the transmitted optical signal to the optical fiber link through a second end of the optical transmission device; The optical transmission device is further configured to receive the detection optical signal through the second end of the optical transmission device, and transmit the detection optical signal to the photoelectric converter through the third end of the optical transmission device. The transmitted optical signal is the detection optical signal after being transmitted through the optical fiber link. The detection optical signal includes a reflected signal, which is formed by the reflection of the transmitted optical signal by a reflection point in the optical fiber link. The photoelectric converter is used to output a detection electrical signal based on the detection optical signal; The signal processor is used to determine the peak value and position of the reflected signal based on the detected electrical signal.

23. The optical component according to claim 22, characterized in that, The optical transmission device includes a duplexer or a looper.

24. A communication system, characterized in that, It includes an optical transmitting component, an optical receiving component, and an optical fiber link, wherein the optical transmitting component and the optical receiving component are connected through the optical fiber link, the optical transmitting component is the optical transmitting component as described in any one of claims 14-21, and the optical receiving component is the optical receiving component as described in any one of claims 1-13.

25. The communication system according to claim 24, characterized in that, The communication system further includes a controller, which is connected to the optical transmitting component and the optical receiving component respectively; The controller is configured to output a first control signal to the optical transmitting component before the communication system starts working, during a break in operation, or when a fault occurs. The first control signal is configured to control the signal generator in the optical transmitting component to output the transmitted electrical signal, wherein the transmitted electrical signal includes a detection sequence. The controller is further configured to output a second control signal to the optical transmitting component, the second control signal being configured to control the signal generator in the optical transmitting component to output the transmitting electrical signal, wherein the transmitting electrical signal includes a detection sequence and a service electrical signal.

26. A communication system, characterized in that, It includes a first optical component, a second optical component, and an optical fiber link, wherein the first optical component and the second optical component are connected through the optical fiber link, and the first optical component is the optical component as described in claim 22 or 23; The second optical component is used to receive a first service optical signal output by the first optical component, or to output a second service optical signal to the first optical component.

27. The communication system according to claim 26, characterized in that, The communication system further includes a controller, which is connected to the first optical component. The controller is configured to output a first control signal to the first optical component before the communication system starts working, during a break in operation, or when a fault occurs. The first control signal is configured to control the signal generator in the first optical component to output the transmitted electrical signal, wherein the transmitted electrical signal includes a detection sequence. The controller is further configured to output a second control signal to the first optical component, the second control signal being configured to control the signal generator in the first optical component to output the transmission electrical signal, wherein the transmission electrical signal includes a detection sequence and a service electrical signal.

Images