Irrigation monitoring device, irrigation monitoring system, water filling amount estimation method, irrigation monitoring method, and water filling amount estimation program

Abstract

An irrigation monitoring device (500) comprises: a region reception unit (511) that receives designation of a region; a water region identification data acquisition unit (512) that acquires water region identification data, which is image data obtained by observing a range including the received region by an observation satellite and is used for identifying a surface water region; and a filling amount estimation unit (513) that identifies an irrigation region, which is an irrigated paddy field region, by analyzing the water region identification data, and estimates, from an estimation model for estimating a water amount, a water filling amount to the underground water amount in the identified irrigation region as a resulting filling amount resulting from irrigation. The irrigation monitoring device (500) can provide a device for estimating an amount of water that is added as groundwater due to winter irrigation.

Description

Irrigation monitoring device, irrigation monitoring system, water filling amount estimation method, irrigation monitoring method and water filling amount estimation program

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an irrigation monitoring device, an irrigation monitoring system, a water filling amount estimation method, an irrigation monitoring method, and a water filling amount estimation program for monitoring irrigation to paddy fields in the winter when rice cultivation is not carried out.

[0002] The semiconductor market is expected to grow significantly in the future due to digitalization and increasing demand in industries such as communications and automobiles. Semiconductor production requires large amounts of groundwater. Particularly in areas where major companies are concentrated, there are concerns about the depletion of groundwater resources due to excessive use and the resulting land subsidence. One measure to combat the depletion of groundwater is winter irrigation of rice paddies. Regarding this winter irrigation, it is desirable to estimate the amount of water recharged into groundwater relative to groundwater extraction. Patent Document 1 discloses a technology for estimating flooded areas, but it is limited to estimating the area and does not disclose a technology for estimating the amount of water recharged into groundwater in flooded areas.

[0003] Furthermore, methane gas is expected to be generated during winter irrigation. Methane gas is one of the causes of global warming, and there is a demand to reduce it. Patent Document 1 discloses a technology for estimating the amount of methane gas generated, but since the estimation is not based on winter data, there is an issue with the accuracy of estimating the amount of methane gas generated during winter irrigation.

[0004] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2023-174067

[0005] The present disclosure aims to provide a technology for estimating the amount of water charged into groundwater due to winter irrigation.

[0006] The irrigation monitoring device according to the present disclosure comprises an area receiving unit that receives the designation of an area; a water area identification data acquisition unit that acquires water area identification data, which is image data observed by an observation satellite for an area including the received area and is used to identify water areas on the earth's surface; and a filling amount estimation unit that identifies an irrigation area, which is an area of ​​a paddy field that is being irrigated, by analyzing the water area identification data, and estimates the amount of water filling into the groundwater volume in the identified irrigation area as the attributable filling amount due to irrigation from an estimation model that estimates the water volume.

[0007] The irrigation monitoring device according to the present disclosure includes a filling volume estimation unit, and therefore can provide a technology for estimating the volume of water that will be filled into the groundwater volume by winter irrigation.

[0008] FIG. 1 is a diagram of the first embodiment, showing a system configuration diagram of the irrigation monitoring system 1000. FIG. 2 is a diagram of the first embodiment, showing a water balance model 2000 constructed by the irrigation monitoring system 1000. FIG. 3 is a diagram of the first embodiment, showing communication between another party and the irrigation monitoring device 500. FIG. 4 is a diagram of the first embodiment, showing filling due to winter irrigation. FIG. 5 is a diagram of the first embodiment, showing a hardware configuration diagram of the irrigation monitoring device 500. FIG. 6 is a sequence diagram showing an overview of winter irrigation. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing details of step S20. FIG. 8 is a diagram of the first embodiment, showing a method for estimating the attributable filling amount 5 by the irrigation monitoring device 500.

[0009] In the description of the embodiments and drawings, the same elements and corresponding elements are denoted by the same reference numerals. The description of elements denoted by the same reference numerals will be omitted or simplified as appropriate. In the following embodiments, the word "unit" may be appropriately read as "circuit," "process," "step," "processing," or "circuitry."

[0010] Embodiment 1 An irrigation monitoring system 1000 according to embodiment 1 will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 8. In the following description, irrigation refers to winter irrigation during the winter when rice is not cultivated in paddy fields, for example, from November to March.

[0011] ***Configuration Description*** Figure 1 is a system configuration diagram of an irrigation monitoring system 1000. The irrigation monitoring system 1000 includes a local government 10, farmers 20-1, 20-2, etc., companies 30-1, 30-2, etc., an exchange 40, an irrigation business infrastructure center 50, and a ground station 60. The irrigation monitoring system 1000 includes a local government terminal 100, farmer terminal devices 200-1, 200-1, etc., company terminal devices 300-1, 300-2, etc., an exchange terminal device 400, and an irrigation monitoring device 500. The terminal devices will be referred to as terminals hereinafter. The local government 10 uses the local government terminal 100. The farmers 20-1, 20-2, etc. use farmer terminals 200-1, 200-2, etc., respectively. Company 30-1, company 30-2, etc. use company terminal 300-1, company terminal 300-2, etc., respectively. Exchange 40 uses exchange terminal 400. Irrigation business infrastructure center 50 uses irrigation monitoring device 500. Irrigation monitoring device 500 acquires satellite information observed by observation satellite 61 that observes the Earth via ground station 60, and utilizes the satellite information to monitor the amount of irrigation water in paddy fields in winter. Irrigation monitoring device 500 utilizes the satellite information to estimate attributable filling amount 5, which will be described later.

[0012] The route by which the irrigation monitoring device 500 acquires satellite information is not limited. For example, the satellite information may be acquired from the ground station 60 via the network 70, or may be acquired directly from the ground station 60. The local government terminal 100, the farmer terminals 200-1 and the like, the company terminals 300-1 and the like, the exchange terminal 400, and the irrigation monitoring device 500 are connected to the network 70. Each of the devices can communicate with other devices via the network 70. The network 70 is, for example, the Internet, but is not limited to the Internet.

[0013] <Overview of Interactions Between the Irrigation Business Infrastructure Center 50 and Other Parties> An overview of interactions between the irrigation business infrastructure center 50, the local government 10, the farm 20-1, the company 30-1, and the exchange 40 in the irrigation monitoring system 1000 will be described with reference to Figures 2 and 3. The "local government 10, the farm 20-1, the company 30-1, and the exchange 40" will be collectively referred to as "other parties." As examples of farmers and companies, the explanation will use farm 20-1 and company 30-1. Figure 2 shows a water balance model 2000 constructed by the irrigation monitoring system 1000. Figure 2 shows an overview of interactions between the irrigation business infrastructure center 50 and other parties. Figure 3 shows a participation request 91, a participation fee payment notice 92, a methane suppression payment notice 93, a subsidy provision notice 94, a data utilization service provision fee 95, and the like in Figure 2.

[0014] In areas where major semiconductor companies are concentrated, winter irrigation of rice paddies is a measure to address groundwater depletion due to excessive groundwater use and associated land subsidence. In the irrigation monitoring system 1000, the irrigation monitoring device 500 estimates the attributable charge volume 5 (described below) for winter irrigation of rice paddies. The irrigation monitoring system 1000 supports winter irrigation projects and maintains and improves the groundwater environment based on the estimated attributable charge volume 5. Company i recognizes the amount of water withdrawal Q(i) of company i in a certain municipality 10. The irrigation monitoring system 1000 constructs an optimal water balance model 2000 ( FIG. 2 ) to balance company i's water withdrawal volume Q(i) with the amount of groundwater stored in the municipality 10. Based on the water balance model 2000, the expansion of winter irrigation projects for rice paddies is promoted, and groundwater recharge is attempted. The water balance model 2000 visualizes the balance between the amount of groundwater that decreases due to water withdrawals by companies and the amount of groundwater that increases due to winter irrigation, using satellite information from observation satellite 600. This visualization promotes the sharing of water balance information among stakeholders such as local governments, farmers, and companies.

[0015] The amount of methane gas emitted during winter irrigation will be monitored. At the same time, measures will be implemented to reduce winter methane gas emissions, and the amount of methane gas reduced with and without these measures will be objectively measured. Credit certification may be made based on the results of the measurements.

[0016] (Overview of Irrigation Volume Estimation) Figure 4 shows the recharge of groundwater volume through winter irrigation. Semiconductor companies, which require large amounts of groundwater, need to secure the water necessary for semiconductor production. Local governments also need to reduce the risk of land subsidence due to large amounts of groundwater. To secure water and reduce these risks, they request winter irrigation from farmers. The irrigation monitoring system 1000 uses satellite information, such as satellite images, to estimate the increase in groundwater volume resulting from winter irrigation. This increase is referred to as the attributable charge volume 5. The attributable charge volume 5 is the increase in groundwater volume due to winter irrigation. The irrigation monitoring device 500 provides data based on the attributable charge volume 5 to stakeholders involved in irrigation projects, such as the local government 10, farmers 20, and companies 30. Providing objective data encourages companies to participate in irrigation projects. This increases farmers' incomes, prevents land subsidence, and preserves groundwater resources.

[0017] The irrigation monitoring device 500 also acquires local groundwater volume data in the municipality 10 and compares the local groundwater volume data with the attributable charge volume 5. By comparing the local groundwater volume data over time with the attributable charge volume 5 over time, the validity (improved accuracy) of the wide-area measurement can be evaluated.

[0018] *** Description of Configuration *** Figure 5 shows the hardware configuration of the irrigation monitoring device 500. The irrigation monitoring device 500 includes, as hardware, a processor 510, a main memory device 520, an auxiliary memory device 530, an input IF 540, an output IF 550, and a communication IF 560. IF indicates an interface. The processor 510 is connected to the main memory device 520 and other hardware via a signal line 570. The irrigation monitoring device 500 stores an irrigation monitoring program 531. The processor 510 includes, as functional elements, an area reception unit 511, a water area identification data acquisition unit 512, a filling amount estimation unit 513, a greenhouse effect data acquisition unit 514, and a methane emission amount estimation unit 515. The functions of the area reception unit 511, the water area identification data acquisition unit 512, the filling amount estimation unit 513, the greenhouse effect data acquisition unit 514, and the methane emission amount estimation unit 515 are realized by the processor 510 executing the irrigation monitoring program 531. The operation of the irrigation monitoring device 500 corresponds to a water fill volume estimation method. The operation of the water fill volume estimation method corresponds to processing by the irrigation monitoring program 531, which is a water fill volume estimation program.

[0019] ***Description of Operation*** The operation of the irrigation monitoring system 1000 will be described with reference to Figures 6 to 8. Figure 6 is a sequence showing an overview of winter irrigation. Figure 7 is a flowchart showing the details of step S20. Figure 8 shows a method for estimating the attributable filling amount 5 using the irrigation monitoring device 500.

[0020] In step S11, farmer 20-1 begins winter irrigation of paddy fields. In step S12, a constellation of observation satellites, including observation satellite 61-1, which takes optical or SAR images of the Earth's surface, and GHG satellite 61-2, which takes observation image data of greenhouse gases, observe the Earth's surface and acquire Earth's surface images over a period of time ΔT. The observation satellites transmit the acquired Earth's surface images to ground station 60. In step S20, irrigation monitoring device 500 performs various processes using satellite images acquired from the observation satellites. Steps S21 to S25 in FIG. 7, which show the details of step S20, are described below.

[0021] <Step S21> In step S21, the area receiving unit 511 receives the designation of an "area." Here, the "area" is an area that is the target of estimation of the attributable filling amount 5. The area received by the area receiving unit 511 is referred to as the "received area."

[0022] <Step S22> In step S22, the water area identification data acquisition unit 512 acquires "water area identification data." The "water area identification data" is image data obtained by observing an area including the reception area using an observation satellite, and is used to identify water areas on the ground. The image data includes optical images and SAR images. The water areas on the ground include paddy fields irrigated in winter.

[0023] <Step S23> In step S23, the recharge amount estimation unit 513 analyzes the water area identification data to identify an "irrigation area." The "irrigation area" is an area of ​​paddy fields where winter irrigation is being carried out by farmer 20-1. The recharge amount estimation unit 513 can identify the irrigation area by using a high-spatial-performance farmland classification method on optical images and SAR images from observation satellites. This makes it possible to identify farmland (irrigation areas) that is irrigated in winter among paddy fields. The recharge amount estimation unit 513 estimates the increase in groundwater volume in the identified irrigation area using a water storage model as an attributed recharge amount 5 due to irrigation. Figure 8 shows a method for estimating the attributed recharge amount 5. In Figure 8, companies 30-1, 30-2, etc. are extracting groundwater. Farmers 20-1, 20-2, etc. are carrying out winter irrigation. Observation satellites 61-1 and 61-2 acquire terrestrial water area identification data for an area including the reception area. As described above, the filling amount estimation unit 513 identifies the irrigation area 6 based on the water area identification data. Here, the area Aw of the irrigation area 6 and the water height H in the irrigation area 6 are expressed as follows: Area Aw × Water height H = Water amount due to irrigation. The water amount due to irrigation is the volume of water irrigated, and is not the attributable filling amount 5 filled into the groundwater.

[0024] (Method of Estimating the Attributable Filling Amount 5) The filling amount estimation unit 513 can estimate the attributable filling amount 5 using the following methods. The "models" of the first, second, and third estimation methods are all estimation models that use geographic information. (1) As a first estimation method, by using a model using the following formula: Water loss depth for each area division = Water loss amount of water stored in a paddy field over a certain period = "Rice field evapotranspiration amount + Paddy field infiltration amount", the paddy field infiltration amount can be estimated as the attributable filling amount 5. In other words, the attributable filling amount 5 can be calculated from the water loss amount of the water level H. (2) As a second estimation method, by utilizing a DEM (digital elevation model), the water storage amount on the ground surface can be estimated. In other words, the water storage amount in the irrigation area 6 can be estimated using a DEM, and this water storage amount can be used as the attributable filling amount 5. (3) As a third estimation method, the amount of water loss is used in the same way as the first estimation method, but the amount of water loss can be modeled using land cover classification information (soil information) to estimate the resulting filling amount 5.

[0025] <Step S24> In step S24, the greenhouse effect data acquisition unit 514 acquires "observation image data of greenhouse gases." The "observation image data of greenhouse gases" is observation image data of greenhouse gases observed by a greenhouse gases observing satellite, which is the observation satellite 61, over an area including the reception area.

[0026] <Step S25> In step S25, the methane emission amount estimation unit 515 estimates the amount of methane gas emitted from the irrigation area 6 identified by the filling amount estimation unit 513 by analyzing the greenhouse gas observation image data. The methane emission amount estimation unit 515 can estimate the amount of methane gas emitted from the irrigation area 6 using the following methods. As a first estimation method, a dedicated sensor mounted on an observation satellite is used to directly estimate the amount of methane gas emitted from directly above the irrigation area 6 through the atmosphere. As a second estimation method, the methane emission amount estimation unit 515 has a learning function and generates an inference unit through AI learning from the optical image data, SAR image data, and objective data on methane gas emissions. The methane emission amount estimation unit 515 uses this inference unit to estimate the amount of methane gas emissions. In the first estimation method, a dedicated sensor is used to directly estimate methane gas emissions from directly above the irrigation area 6 to the atmosphere, improving the accuracy of estimating methane gas emissions. In the second estimation method, machine learning is used, but the training data is often an inference machine trained using reference data on summer methane gas emissions and satellite data. The methane emission estimation unit 515 targets methane emissions during winter irrigation, and it is assumed that winter data is used as training data. This improves the accuracy of estimating methane emissions during winter irrigation. It is also possible to use greenhouse gas observation image data for training to develop the second method.

[0027] <Details of Interactions Between the Irrigation Project Infrastructure Center 50 and Other Parties> Returning to Figures 2 and 3, details of interactions between the irrigation project infrastructure center 50 and other parties will be described. The irrigation monitoring system 1000 is a system that monitors irrigation in an irrigation project in which irrigation is carried out to paddy fields in the winter when rice cultivation is not carried out. The local government terminal 100 transmits a subsidy provision notice 94 to the irrigation monitoring device 500, notifying that subsidies will be provided for the irrigation project. When the farmer 20-1 participates in the irrigation project, the farmer terminal 200-1 receives from the irrigation monitoring device 500 a participation fee payment notice 92 notifying the farmer that a participation fee for participation in the irrigation project must be paid. The company terminal 300-1 transmits a participation request 91 to the irrigation monitoring device 500, requesting participation in the irrigation project. The participation request 91 is associated with a participation fee.

[0028] The filling amount estimation unit 513 of the irrigation monitoring device 500 transmits data based on the attributable filling amount 5 to the local government terminal 100 and the enterprise terminal 300. In addition, the methane emission amount estimation unit 515 of the irrigation monitoring device 500 transmits data based on the estimated methane gas emission amount to the local government terminal 100 and the enterprise terminal 300. "Data based on the attributable filling amount 5" may be the attributable filling amount 5 itself, or data generated using the attributable filling amount 5. Data generated using the attributable filling amount 5 is data that cannot be generated without using the attributable filling amount 5. "Data based on the estimated methane gas emission amount" may be the estimated methane gas emission amount itself, or data generated using the estimated methane gas emission amount. Data generated using the estimated methane gas emission amount is data that cannot be generated without using the estimated methane gas emission amount.

[0029] A company can register a credit based on the attributable filling amount 5 on the exchange 40 and transfer the credit to another company. Also, if the data based on methane gas emissions is methane gas emission reduction data, a company can register a credit based on the methane gas emission reduction amount on the exchange 40 and transfer the credit to another company.

[0030] ***Explanation of the Effects of Embodiment 1*** Companies can learn the effect of winter irrigation on groundwater replenishment relative to their own water intake volume. Therefore, companies can withdraw water with peace of mind. Knowing the effect of winter irrigation on groundwater replenishment increases companies' willingness to participate in irrigation projects, leading to increased winter irrigation. This reduces the risk of groundwater depletion and land subsidence. Companies can participate in irrigation projects and secure credits, further increasing companies' willingness to participate in irrigation projects and reducing the risk of groundwater depletion and land subsidence. Farmers can learn the effects of winter irrigation by learning the attributable replenishment volume (also transmitted to the farmer's terminal), and they also receive a winter irrigation participation fee. This increases farmers' willingness to participate in winter irrigation projects, reducing the risk of groundwater depletion and land subsidence. When the attributable replenishment volume is estimated, farmers may receive a reward based on their irrigated area. A reward notification is sent from the irrigation monitoring device 500 to the farmer's terminal. The incentives increase farmers' motivation to participate in winter irrigation projects, reducing the risk of groundwater depletion and land subsidence. Local governments can obtain various data based on the attributable charge volume from the irrigation monitoring device 500. Therefore, local governments can utilize this data to reduce the risk of groundwater depletion and land subsidence. The irrigation business infrastructure center 50 obtains local groundwater volume data from the local government, allowing it to confirm the accuracy of the estimated attributable charge volume. In other words, by analyzing both the local groundwater volume data and the attributable charge volume over time, a relationship between the groundwater volume and the attributable charge volume over time can be extracted, which can be used to improve the accuracy of the irrigation monitoring system 1000. The irrigation business infrastructure center 50 can aggregate small donations to increase the number of supporting companies, including small and medium-sized enterprises, in securing industrial water. The irrigation business infrastructure center 50 may request farmers to recharge large amounts of groundwater on behalf of supporting companies to secure industrial water and perform the supporting companies' work. The irrigation business infrastructure center 50 may increase the unit price of the subsidy to farmers by increasing the subsidy. The irrigation business infrastructure center 50 may also establish a direct sales route for agricultural products to supporting companies.

[0031] The operation of the irrigation monitoring system 1000 described above can be understood as an irrigation monitoring method. In addition, in the irrigation monitoring system 1000, it is not necessarily a required configuration for the local government terminal 100 to send a support money provision notice to the irrigation monitoring device 500 notifying that support money will be provided for the irrigation project.

[0032] (Additional Information about Hardware) The hardware configuration of the irrigation monitoring device 500 will be explained with reference to FIG.

[0033] The irrigation monitoring device 500 is a computer. The processor 510 is a device that executes an irrigation monitoring program 531. When the processor 510 executes the irrigation monitoring program 531, the functions of an area reception unit 511, a water area identification data acquisition unit 512, a filling amount estimation unit 513, a greenhouse effect data acquisition unit 514, and a methane emission amount estimation unit 515 are realized. The processor 510 is an integrated circuit (IC) that performs arithmetic processing.

[0034] Specific examples of the main memory device 520 include an SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) and a DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory). The main memory device 520 stores the results of calculations performed by the processor 510.

[0035] The auxiliary storage device 530 is a storage device that stores data in a non-volatile manner. A specific example of the auxiliary storage device 530 is a hard disk drive (HDD). The auxiliary storage device 530 may also be a portable recording medium. The auxiliary storage device 530 stores an irrigation monitoring program 531.

[0036] The input IF 540 is a port through which data is input from each device. The output IF 550 is connected to various devices. The output IF 550 is a port through which data is output by the processor 510 to various devices. The communication IF 560 is a communication port through which the processor 510 communicates with other devices.

[0037] The processor 510 loads the irrigation monitoring program 531 from the auxiliary storage device 530 into the main storage device 520. The processor 510 reads the loaded irrigation monitoring program 531 from the main storage device 520 and executes it.

[0038] The irrigation monitoring program 531 is a program that causes a computer to execute each process, procedure, or step of the area reception unit 511, water area identification data acquisition unit 512, filling volume estimation unit 513, greenhouse effect data acquisition unit 514, and methane emission amount estimation unit 515, where the word "part" is replaced with "process," "procedure," or "step."

[0039] Furthermore, the method performed by the irrigation monitoring device 500 when it executes the irrigation monitoring program 531 is a water filling volume estimation method. The irrigation monitoring program 531, which is a water filling volume estimation program, may be provided by being stored in a computer-readable recording medium, or may be provided as a program product.

[0040] (Hardware configuration of each terminal) The local government terminal 100-1, farmer terminal 200-1, company terminal 300-1, and exchange terminal 400 are computers similar to the irrigation monitoring device 500. The description of the hardware configuration of the irrigation monitoring device 500 also applies to the local government terminal 100-1, farmer terminal 200-1, company terminal 300-1, and exchange terminal 400.

[0041] 5 Attributed filling amount, 10 Municipality, 20-1, 20-2 Farmer, 30-1, 30-2 Company, 40 Exchange, 50 Irrigation Business Infrastructure Center, 60 Ground Station, 61 Observation Satellite, 62 Satellite Constellation, 70 Network, 91 Participation Request, 92 Participation Fee Payment Notice, 93 Methane Suppression Payment Notice, 94 Subsidy Provision Notice, 95 Data Utilization Service, 96, 97 Credit, 100 Municipal Terminal, 200-1, 200-2 Farmer Terminal, 300-1, 300-2 Company Terminal, 400 Exchange Terminal, 500 Irrigation Monitoring Device, 510 Processor, 511 Area Reception Unit, 512 Water Area Identification Data Acquisition Unit, 513 Filling Amount Estimation Unit, 514 Greenhouse Effect Data Acquisition Unit, 515 Methane Emission Amount Estimation Unit, 520 Main Memory Device, 530 Auxiliary storage device, 531 irrigation monitoring program, 540 input IF, 550 output IF, 560 communication IF, 1000 irrigation monitoring system, 2000 water balance model.

Claims

1. An irrigation monitoring device comprising: an area receiving unit that receives the designation of an area; a water area identification data acquisition unit that acquires water area identification data, which is image data observed by an observation satellite for an area including the received area and is used to identify water areas on the earth's surface; and a filling amount estimation unit that identifies an irrigation area, which is an area of ​​a paddy field that is being irrigated, by analyzing the water area identification data, and estimates the amount of water filling into the groundwater volume in the identified irrigation area as the attributable filling amount due to irrigation from an estimation model that estimates the water volume.

2. The irrigation monitoring device of claim 1 further comprises: a greenhouse effect data acquisition unit that acquires observation image data of greenhouse gases observed by a greenhouse gas observing satellite in an area including the received area; and a methane emission estimation unit that estimates the amount of methane gas emitted from the irrigation area identified by the filling amount estimation unit by analyzing the observation image data of greenhouse gases.

3. An irrigation monitoring system that monitors irrigation in an irrigation project that irrigates paddy fields in the winter when rice cultivation is not taking place, the irrigation monitoring system comprising: a farm terminal used by farmers; a corporate terminal used by companies; and an irrigation monitoring device used by an irrigation project infrastructure center, wherein when the farmer participates in the irrigation project, the farmer terminal receives from the irrigation monitoring device a participation fee payment notice notifying the farmer of payment of the participation fee for participation in the irrigation project, and the corporate terminal sends to the irrigation monitoring device a participation request to participate in the irrigation project.

4. The irrigation monitoring system of claim 3 further comprises a local government terminal used by the local government, and the local government terminal transmits a subsidy provision notification to the irrigation monitoring device notifying that subsidies will be provided for the irrigation project.

5. The irrigation monitoring system of claim 4, wherein the irrigation monitoring device receives the designation of an area, acquires water area identification data, which is image data observed by an observation satellite for an area including the received area and is used to identify water areas on the ground, identifies the irrigation area, which is the area of ​​the paddy field being irrigated, by analyzing the water area identification data, estimates the amount of water filling into the groundwater volume in the identified irrigation area as the attributable filling amount due to irrigation using an estimation model for estimating water volume, and transmits data based on the estimated attributable filling amount to the local government terminal and the company terminal.

6. The irrigation monitoring system described in claim 5, wherein the irrigation monitoring device acquires observation image data of greenhouse gases observed by a greenhouse gas observing satellite in an area including the received area, estimates the amount of methane gas emissions from the identified irrigation area by analyzing the observation image data of greenhouse gases, and transmits data based on the estimated amount of emissions to the local government terminal and the company terminal.

7. A water recharge amount estimation method in which a computer receives the designation of an area, acquires water area identification data, which is image data observed by an observation satellite for an area including the received area and is used to identify water areas on the earth's surface, identifies an irrigation area, which is an area of ​​a paddy field being irrigated, by analyzing the water area identification data, and estimates the amount of water recharged to the groundwater volume in the identified irrigation area as the amount of recharged water due to irrigation from an estimation model that estimates water volume.

8. An irrigation monitoring method performed by an irrigation monitoring system that monitors irrigation in an irrigation project in which irrigation is carried out on paddy fields in the winter when rice cultivation is not carried out, the irrigation monitoring system comprising: a farm terminal used by a farmer; a corporate terminal used by a company; and an irrigation monitoring device used by an irrigation project infrastructure center, wherein when the farmer participates in the irrigation project, the farmer terminal receives from the irrigation monitoring device a participation fee payment notice notifying the farmer of payment of a participation fee for participation in the irrigation project, and the corporate terminal sends to the irrigation monitoring device a participation request requesting participation in the irrigation project.

9. A water filling volume estimation program that causes a computer to execute the following steps: an area reception process that receives the designation of an area; a water area identification data acquisition process that acquires water area identification data, which is image data observed by an observation satellite for an area including the received area and is used to identify water areas on the earth's surface; and a filling volume estimation process that identifies an irrigation area, which is an area of ​​a paddy field that is being irrigated, by analyzing the water area identification data, and estimates the amount of water filling into the groundwater volume in the identified irrigation area as the attributable filling volume due to irrigation from an estimation model that estimates the water volume.

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