Lead-acid storage battery and operating method thereof

Abstract

Provided in the present invention is an operating method of a lead-acid storage battery. The lead-acid storage battery comprises a housing, wherein an electrode plate wrapped in an AGM separator is mounted in the housing, the AGM separator has pores, and a sulfuric acid electrolyte is adsorbed in the pores of the AGM separator. The operating method of the lead-acid storage battery comprises an early stage of charging and discharging, an intermediate stage of charging and discharging and a later stage of charging and discharging, wherein in the early stage of charging and discharging, the sulfuric acid electrolyte is adsorbed in all the pores of the AGM separator; and in the intermediate stage of charging and discharging and the later stage of charging and discharging, the sulfuric acid electrolyte is not adsorbed in some of the pores of the AGM separator. The present invention further sets forth a lead-acid storage battery serving as a secondary battery. The lead-acid storage battery and the operating method thereof of the present invention can prolong the service life of the lead-acid storage battery.

Description

Lead-acid battery and method of operating the same TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of lead-acid batteries. BACKGROUND

[0002] Lead-acid batteries have a long history of development, the initial lead-acid battery is a flooded lead-acid battery, although the flooded lead-acid battery has a long service life, but it needs to be frequently watered, and the maintenance work is heavy, which limits the application of the battery, therefore, the AGM lead-acid battery is invented later, through the design of the poor liquid type, it basically does not need maintenance, therefore, it is widely used in electric bicycles, however, compared with the flooded lead-acid battery, the AGM lead-acid battery brings the problem of service life, which becomes the main bottleneck of the industry development, if the service life of the AGM lead-acid battery is improved, the industry has carried out a large number of researches from different directions such as structural design, formula design, charging technology and the like, how to further improve the service life of the AGM lead-acid battery is particularly important.

[0003] SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a method for operating a lead-acid battery, the lead-acid battery comprises a shell, the shell is internally installed with a plate covered by an AGM separator, the AGM separator has pores, and the pores of the AGM separator adsorb sulfuric acid electrolyte, the method for operating the lead-acid battery comprises a pre-charge and discharge stage, a middle charge and discharge stage and a post-charge and discharge stage, in the pre-charge and discharge stage, all the pores of the AGM separator adsorb sulfuric acid electrolyte, in the middle charge and discharge stage and in the post-charge and discharge stage, part of the pores of the AGM separator do not adsorb sulfuric acid electrolyte.

[0005] The present application also provides another method for operating a lead-acid battery, the lead-acid battery comprises a shell, the shell is internally installed with a plate covered by an AGM separator, the AGM separator has pores, and the pores of the AGM separator adsorb sulfuric acid electrolyte, the method for operating the lead-acid battery comprises a pre-charge and discharge stage, a middle charge and discharge stage and a post-charge and discharge stage, the middle charge and discharge stage comprises a middle first charge and discharge stage and a middle second charge and discharge stage, in the pre-charge and discharge stage, the number of charge and discharge is N 前 , the density of the sulfuric acid electrolyte rises from p0 to p1, in the middle first charge and discharge stage, the number of charge and discharge is N 中1 , the density of the sulfuric acid electrolyte rises from p1 to p2, in the middle second charge and discharge stage, the number of charge and discharge is N 中2 , the density of the sulfuric acid electrolyte rises from p2 to p3, and in the post-charge and discharge stage, the number of charge and discharge is N 后, the density of the sulfuric acid electrolyte increases from p3 to p4 4， and satisfies the following relationship: (p1-p0) / N 前 is greater than (p2-p1) / N 中1， (p2-p1) / N 中1 is greater than (p3-p2) / N 中2， (p4-p3) / N 后 is greater than (p3-p2) / N 中2 .

[0006] Further, when the lead-acid battery enters the middle stage of charge and discharge, the density of the sulfuric acid electrolyte is 1.26-1.4 g / cm 2 .

[0007] Further, the charge and discharge reactions of the lead-acid battery in the charge and discharge stage are as follows: during charging, the lead sulfate of the positive active material is converted into lead dioxide, and the lead sulfate of the negative active material is converted into sponge lead; during discharging, the lead dioxide of the positive plate active material is converted into lead sulfate, and the sponge lead of the negative plate active material is also converted into lead sulfate.

[0008] The application also protects a lead-acid battery as a secondary battery, which comprises a shell, the shell having installed therein plate groups covered by AGM separators, the AGM separators having pores, the pores of the AGM separators having adsorbed therein sulfuric acid electrolyte, the shell comprising a shell body and a shell cover covering the shell body, the AGM separators comprising upper ends and lower ends, the upper ends of the AGM separators facing the shell cover when the plate groups are installed in the shell body, cavities being formed between the upper ends of the AGM separators and the shell cover, the lead-acid battery further comprising free sulfuric acid electrolyte, the free sulfuric acid electrolyte being located in the cavities formed between the upper ends of the AGM separators and the shell cover and covering the upper ends of the AGM separators.

[0009] The application also protects a lead-acid battery as a secondary battery, which comprises a shell, the shell having installed therein plate groups covered by AGM separators, the AGM separators having pores, the pores of the AGM separators having adsorbed therein sulfuric acid electrolyte, the shell comprising a shell body and a shell cover covering the shell body, the AGM separators comprising wide faces and narrow faces, characterized in that the lead-acid battery further comprises free sulfuric acid electrolyte, the narrow faces of the AGM separators and the shell body forming therebetween longitudinal gaps along the installation direction of the plate groups, the free sulfuric acid electrolyte being located in the longitudinal gaps formed between the narrow faces of the plate groups and the shell body and being in contact with the AGM separators.

[0010] Further, when free sulfuric acid electrolyte exists, all pores of the pores of the AGM separator adsorb the sulfuric acid electrolyte; when the free sulfuric acid electrolyte disappears, part of the pores of the pores of the AGM separator do not adsorb the sulfuric acid electrolyte.

[0011] Further, when part of the pores of the pores of the AGM separator do not adsorb the sulfuric acid electrolyte, the density of the sulfuric acid electrolyte is less than or equal to 1.4 g / cm 2 .

[0012] The lead-acid storage battery and the working method thereof can improve the service life of the lead-acid storage battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] Fig. 1 is a structural view of a shell body of the lead-acid storage battery of the present application;

[0014] Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a coated AGM separator plate of the lead-acid storage battery of the present application;

[0015] Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a shell cover of the lead-acid storage battery of the present application;

[0016] Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a single cell of the lead-acid storage battery of the present application in a second embodiment;

[0017] Fig. 5 is a graph showing the change of the density of the sulfuric acid electrolyte with the number of charge-discharge cycles when the lead-acid storage battery of the present application works. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0019] The first embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 1, 2 and 3, a lead-acid battery comprises a casing 1, the casing 1 comprises a casing body 101 and a casing cover 102 covering the casing body 101, at least one single cell 1011 is formed in the casing body 101, the pole plate 3 covered by the AGM separator 2 is installed in the single cell 1011 of the casing body 101 when installed in the casing 1, the single cell 1011 is usually formed by the side of the casing body 101 and the partition inside the casing body 101. The AGM separator 2 of the present application comprises a wide surface 203 and a narrow surface 204, the wide surface 203 and the narrow surface 204 of the AGM separator 2 are both sealed and fitted between the single cell 1011 of the casing body 101 when the pole plate 3 covered by the AGM separator 2 is installed in the casing 1, the pole lug 3a of the pole plate 3 extends out of the AGM separator 2, the rest of the pole plate 3 is covered by the AGM separator 2, the AGM separator 2 has pores, the pores of the AGM separator 2 adsorb the sulfuric acid electrolyte 1001, the AGM separator 2 further comprises an upper end 201 and a lower end 202, the upper end 201 of the AGM separator 2 faces the casing cover 102, that is, faces the inner surface 1021 of the casing cover 102 when the pole plate 3 covered by the AGM separator 2 is installed in the casing body 101, the cavity 801 is formed between the upper end 201 of the AGM separator 2 and the casing cover 102, the free sulfuric acid electrolyte 1002 is located in the cavity 801 formed between the upper end 201 of the AGM separator 2 and the casing cover 102 and covers the upper end 201 of the AGM separator 2, the free sulfuric acid electrolyte 1002 in the cavity 801 covers the upper end 201 of the AGM separator 2, at this time, the lower end 202 of the AGM separator 2 is free of the free sulfuric acid electrolyte, so that the influence of acid stratification on the pole plate during the working process of the lead-acid battery can be avoided, in addition, it is better to leave a certain gap between the free sulfuric acid electrolyte 1002 and the inner surface 1021 of the casing cover 102, so that the possible overflow of the free sulfuric acid electrolyte 1002 during the working process of the lead-acid battery can be avoided, and the safety is improved. The sulfuric acid electrolyte of the lead-acid battery of the present application comprises the sulfuric acid electrolyte 1001 adsorbed in the pores of the AGM separator 2 and the free sulfuric acid electrolyte, the free sulfuric acid electrolyte can comprise the free sulfuric acid electrolyte 1002 in the cavity 801, and is preferably composed of the free sulfuric acid electrolyte 1002 in the cavity 801, that is, the first embodiment of the present application. When the cavity 801 has the free sulfuric acid electrolyte 1002 during the working process of the lead-acid battery, all the pores of the pores of the AGM separator 2 adsorb the sulfuric acid electrolyte; when the free sulfuric acid electrolyte in the cavity 801 disappears, part of the pores of the pores of the AGM separator 2 do not adsorb the sulfuric acid electrolyte, when part of the pores of the pores of the AGM separator 2 do not adsorb the sulfuric acid electrolyte, the density of the sulfuric acid electrolyte is preferably less than or equal to 1.4 g / cm 2 .

[0020] In addition, the second embodiment of the present application, as shown in Fig. 4, also discloses another way of storing the free sulfuric acid electrolyte 1002. The AGM separator 2 comprises a wide surface 203 and a narrow surface 204. A longitudinal gap is formed between the narrow surface 204 of the AGM separator 2 which does not bear the assembly pressure and the shell body 101 along the mounting direction of the plate 3, that is, between the single cell 1011 of the shell body 101. The free sulfuric acid electrolyte can also be located in the longitudinal gap 1012 formed between the narrow surface 204 of the plate 3 which does not bear the assembly pressure and the shell body 101. The free sulfuric acid electrolyte is in contact with the AGM separator 2 when it is located in the longitudinal gap 1012. The sulfuric acid electrolyte of the lead-acid battery of the present application comprises the sulfuric acid electrolyte 1001 adsorbed in the pores of the AGM separator 2 and the free sulfuric acid electrolyte. The free sulfuric acid electrolyte preferably consists of the free sulfuric acid electrolyte 1003 in the longitudinal gap 1012. Compared with the free sulfuric acid electrolyte 1002 existing in the cavity formed between the upper end of the AGM separator and the shell cover and the free sulfuric acid electrolyte 1003 existing in the longitudinal gap 1012, that is, compared with the scheme described in the third embodiment below, the influence of acid stratification on the plate can be appropriately reduced. When the free sulfuric acid electrolyte exists in the longitudinal gap 1012, all the pores of the pores of the AGM separator 2 adsorb the sulfuric acid electrolyte. When the free sulfuric acid electrolyte in the longitudinal gap disappears, part of the pores of the pores of the AGM separator 2 adsorb the sulfuric acid electrolyte. When part of the pores of the pores of the AGM separator 2 adsorb the sulfuric acid electrolyte, the density of the sulfuric acid electrolyte is preferably less than or equal to 1.4 g / cm 2 Although this scheme can also prolong the service life of the lead-acid battery, compared with the scheme in which the free sulfuric acid electrolyte is located only in the cavity formed between the upper end of the AGM separator and the shell cover, this scheme will have an adverse effect on the plate of the lead-acid battery due to the acid stratification of the free sulfuric acid electrolyte up and down along the mounting direction of the plate 3, and is also not conducive to the production by using the current production process of AGM lead-acid batteries.

[0021] In addition, in the third embodiment of the application, the sulfuric acid electrolyte of the lead-acid battery includes the sulfuric acid electrolyte 1001 adsorbed in the pores of the AGM separator 2 and the free sulfuric acid electrolyte, the free sulfuric acid electrolyte includes the free sulfuric acid electrolyte 1002 in the cavity formed between the upper end of the AGM separator and the shell cover and the free sulfuric acid electrolyte in the longitudinal gap formed between the narrow surface 204 of the plate 3 not bearing the assembly pressure and the shell body 101, and preferably consists of the free sulfuric acid electrolyte 1002 in the cavity formed between the upper end of the AGM separator and the shell cover and the free sulfuric acid electrolyte 1003 in the longitudinal gap formed between the narrow surface 204 of the plate 3 not bearing the assembly pressure and the shell body 101. Compared with the second embodiment, although the scheme will bring some adverse effects on the plate due to acid stratification, the overall service life of the lead-acid battery can be prolonged due to the relatively large amount of free sulfuric acid electrolyte added.

[0022] The application further discloses a working method of the lead-acid battery, which comprises a pre-charge-discharge stage, a mid-charge-discharge stage and a post-charge-discharge stage. The charge-discharge reaction of the lead-acid battery in the charge-discharge stage is as follows: during charging, the lead sulfate of the positive active material is converted into lead dioxide, the lead sulfate of the negative active material is converted into sponge lead, the sulfuric acid component in the active material is released into the electrolyte, the sulfuric acid concentration in the electrolyte is continuously increased, the battery voltage is increased, and the energy is accumulated; when the battery is discharged, the lead dioxide of the positive plate active material is converted into lead sulfate, the sponge lead of the negative plate active material is also converted into lead sulfate, and the sulfuric acid in the electrolyte is absorbed, the sulfuric acid concentration in the electrolyte is continuously reduced, the battery voltage is reduced, and the battery outputs energy to the outside. In the pre-charge-discharge stage, all the pores of the AGM separator adsorb the sulfuric acid electrolyte. In the mid-charge-discharge stage and the post-charge-discharge stage, part of the pores of the AGM separator adsorb the sulfuric acid electrolyte. Another working method of the lead-acid battery comprises a pre-charge-discharge stage, a mid-charge-discharge stage and a post-charge-discharge stage. The mid-charge-discharge stage comprises a mid-first charge-discharge stage and a mid-second charge-discharge stage. In the pre-charge-discharge stage, the number of charge-discharge times is N 前 , the density of the sulfuric acid electrolyte is increased from ρ0 to ρ1, in the mid-first charge-discharge stage, the number of charge-discharge times is N 中1 , the density of the sulfuric acid electrolyte is increased from ρ1 to ρ2, in the mid-second charge-discharge stage, the number of charge-discharge times is N 中2 , the density of the sulfuric acid electrolyte is increased from ρ2 to ρ3, and in the post-charge-discharge stage, the number of charge-discharge times is N 后 , the density of the sulfuric acid electrolyte is increased from ρ3 to ρ 4， , and the following relationships are met: (ρ1-ρ0) / N 前 is greater than (ρ2-ρ1) / N 中1， (ρ2-ρ1) / N 中1 is greater than (ρ3-ρ2) / N中2， (ρ4-ρ3) / N 后 Greater than (ρ3-ρ2) / N 中2。 When the lead-acid battery of the present invention enters the mid-term charge-discharge stage, the density of the sulfuric acid electrolyte is preferably 1.26-1.4 g / cm³. 2 The sulfuric acid electrolyte densities ρ0, ρ1, ρ2, ρ3, and ρ4 of this invention can be the densities of the sulfuric acid electrolyte at the same depth of charge under different charging cycles or at the same depth of discharge under different discharging cycles. For example, ρ0 is the initial density of the sulfuric acid electrolyte when the lead-acid battery is initially fully charged, and ρ1 is the density of the number of charge-discharge cycles N. 前 At that time, ρ2 is the density of the sulfuric acid electrolyte after the last full charge, and N is the number of charge-discharge cycles. 中1 At that time, ρ3 is the density of the sulfuric acid electrolyte after the last full charge, and N is the number of charge-discharge cycles. 中2 At that time, ρ4 represents the density of the sulfuric acid electrolyte after the last full charge, and N represents the number of charge-discharge cycles. 后 The density of the sulfuric acid electrolyte after the final full charge is shown in Figure 5. Furthermore, charging and discharging can be performed based on a 100% depth of discharge, or on other suitable depths such as 70%, without affecting the purpose of this invention.

[0023] The charge-discharge reaction of the lead-acid battery of this invention refers to the charge-discharge reaction when the lead-acid battery is working as a secondary battery to provide energy to an external load after its formation. The reaction is as follows: During charging, the lead sulfate in the positive electrode active material is converted into lead dioxide, and the lead sulfate in the negative electrode active material is converted into spongy lead. The sulfuric acid component in the active material is released into the electrolyte, and the sulfuric acid concentration in the electrolyte continuously increases, causing the battery voltage to rise and energy to accumulate. During discharging, the lead dioxide in the positive electrode active material is converted into lead sulfate, and the spongy lead in the negative electrode active material is also converted into lead sulfate, absorbing sulfuric acid from the electrolyte. The sulfuric acid concentration in the electrolyte continuously decreases, the battery voltage decreases, and the battery outputs energy. The working method of the lead-acid battery of this invention refers to the working method when the lead-acid battery is working as a secondary battery, that is, when it is working as a secondary battery to provide energy to an external load. The lead-acid battery of this invention refers to a lead-acid battery that can provide energy to an external load as a secondary battery after production.

[0024] In the design of the lead-acid battery of the present invention, depending on whether it is a lead-acid battery for energy storage or a lead-acid battery for power, the density of the sulfuric acid electrolyte in the lead-acid battery for energy storage is preferably controlled at 1.26-1.34 g / cm³ during the initial stage of the mid-term charge-discharge phase, that is, at the beginning of entering the mid-term charge-discharge phase. 2 The optimal density of sulfuric acid electrolyte in lead-acid batteries for power applications is 1.34-1.4 g / cm³. 2Therefore, the service life of the lead-acid battery can be prolonged while meeting the service efficiency of the lead-acid battery.

[0025] The lead-acid battery of the present application can pre-store sulfuric acid electrolyte in the cavity formed between the upper end of the AGM separator and the shell cover and / or the longitudinal gap formed between the narrow surface of the plate and the shell body. During the entire service life of the lead-acid battery, the AGM separator of the lead-acid battery is allowed to work under the condition that the saturation is greater than or equal to 100% during the early charging and discharging stage. As the early charging and discharging stage ends, the AGM separator works under the condition that the saturation is less than 100% when entering the middle charging and discharging stage. Therefore, the service life of the lead-acid battery can be further improved without maintenance, forming the maintenance-free lead-acid battery of the secondary battery of the present application. In addition, for the lead-acid battery with loose size requirements, especially the energy storage lead-acid battery, the service life of the lead-acid battery can be further improved by further increasing the cavity formed between the upper end of the AGM separator and the shell cover.

[0026] The present application also discloses a formation method of the AGM lead-acid battery, which comprises acid formation. After the acid formation is completed, the remaining free sulfuric acid electrolyte in the AGM lead-acid battery, and there is no step of extracting the remaining free sulfuric acid electrolyte after the acid formation is completed. The volume and density of the remaining free sulfuric acid electrolyte meet the following conditions: when the AGM lead-acid battery works as a secondary battery and is charged and discharged, the density of the sulfuric acid electrolyte is located between 1.26-1.4 g / cm 2 Thus, on the one hand, the formation step is simplified, and on the other hand, the service life of the lead-acid battery is improved. The charging and discharging reaction of the AGM lead-acid battery when working as a secondary battery includes: during charging, the lead sulfate of the positive active material is converted into lead dioxide, and the lead sulfate of the negative active material is converted into sponge lead; during discharging, the lead dioxide of the positive plate active material is converted into lead sulfate, and the sponge lead of the negative plate active material is also converted into lead sulfate.

[0027] The charging and discharging reaction of the AGM lead-acid battery during acid formation includes the formation reaction of converting lead oxide, 3BS and 1BS into lead dioxide and the saltization reaction of converting lead oxide, 3BS and 1BS into lead sulfate. The reaction of charging and discharging of the AGM lead-acid battery when working as a secondary battery does not include the formation reaction of converting lead oxide, 3BS and 1BS into lead dioxide.

[0028] The above-described embodiments are only a preferred scheme of the present application, and do not limit the present application in any form. Other variants and modifications can be made without exceeding the technical scheme recited in the claims.

Claims

1. A method for operating a lead-acid battery, said lead-acid battery comprising a casing, inside which are mounted plates covered by an AGM separator, said AGM separator having porosity, inside which porosity is absorbed sulfuric acid electrolyte, said method for operating a lead-acid battery comprising an initial charging and discharging phase, an intermediate charging and discharging phase and a final charging and discharging phase, characterized in that, In the pre-stage of charge and discharge, all the pores of the AGM separator adsorb sulfuric acid electrolyte, in the mid-stage of charge and discharge and in the post-stage of charge and discharge, part of the pores of the AGM separator do not adsorb sulfuric acid electrolyte.

2. A method for operating a lead-acid battery, the lead-acid battery comprising a casing, inside which are mounted plates covered by an AGM separator, the AGM separator having pores, inside which are adsorbed sulfuric acid electrolyte, the method for operating the lead-acid battery comprising an initial charge-discharge phase, an intermediate charge-discharge phase and a final charge-discharge phase, the intermediate charge-discharge phase comprising an intermediate first charge-discharge phase and an intermediate second charge-discharge phase, characterized in that, In the pre-stage, the number of charge-discharge is N 前 , the density of sulfuric acid electrolyte is raised from ρ0 to ρ1, in the first middle-stage, the number of charge-discharge is N 中1 , the density of sulfuric acid electrolyte is raised from ρ1 to ρ2, in the second middle-stage, the number of charge-discharge is N 中2 , the density of sulfuric acid electrolyte is raised from ρ2 to ρ3, in the post-stage, the number of charge-discharge is N 后 , the density of sulfuric acid electrolyte is raised from ρ3 to ρ 4， , and the following relations are met: (ρ1-ρ0) / N 前 is greater than (ρ2-ρ1) / N 中1， , (ρ2-ρ1) / N 中1 is greater than (ρ3-ρ2) / N 中2 , and (ρ4-ρ3) / N 后 is greater than (ρ3-ρ2) / N 中2 .

3. A method of operating a lead-acid battery as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that, When the lead-acid battery enters the middle stage of charge and discharge, the sulfuric acid electrolyte density is 1.26-1.4 g / cm 2 .

4. A method of operating a lead-acid battery as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that, The working method refers to the working method of the lead-acid battery as a secondary battery, and the charge and discharge reaction of the lead-acid battery in the charge and discharge stage is that, in charging, the lead sulfate of the positive active material is converted into lead dioxide, and the lead sulfate of the negative active material is converted into sponge lead; in discharging, the lead dioxide of the positive plate active material is converted into lead sulfate, and the sponge lead of the negative plate active material is also converted into lead sulfate.

5. A lead-acid battery as a secondary battery, the lead-acid battery comprising a case, a plate covered by an AGM separator installed in the case, the AGM separator having a pore, sulfuric acid electrolyte adsorbed in the pore of the AGM separator, the case comprising a case body and a case cover covering the case body, the AGM separator comprising an upper end and a lower end, the upper end of the AGM separator facing the case cover when the plate is installed in the case body, a cavity formed between the upper end of the AGM separator and the case cover, characterized in that, The lead-acid battery further comprises free sulfuric acid electrolyte, which is located in the cavity formed between the upper end of the AGM separator and the shell cover and covers the upper end of the AGM separator.

6. A lead-acid storage battery as a secondary battery, said lead-acid storage battery comprising a case in which are mounted polar plates covered by an AGM separator having pores in which is absorbed a sulfuric acid electrolyte, said case comprising a case body and a case cover covering said case body, said AGM separator comprising a wide face and a narrow face, characterized in that, The lead-acid battery further comprises free sulfuric acid electrolyte, and a longitudinal gap is formed between the narrow surface of the AGM separator and the shell body along the mounting direction of the plate, and the free sulfuric acid electrolyte is located in the longitudinal gap formed between the narrow surface of the plate and the shell body and is in contact with the AGM separator.

7. A lead-acid battery as a secondary battery according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The lead-acid battery refers to a secondary battery that can provide energy to an external load after production, and when free sulfuric acid electrolyte exists, all the pores of the AGM separator adsorb sulfuric acid electrolyte; when the free sulfuric acid electrolyte disappears, part of the pores of the AGM separator do not adsorb sulfuric acid electrolyte.

8. A lead-acid battery as a secondary battery according to claim 7, characterized in that, The density of the sulfuric acid electrolyte is less than or equal to 1.4 g / cm3 when the portion of the pores of the AGM separator do not have adsorbed sulfuric acid electrolyte 2 .

9. A method of formation of an AGM lead-acid battery comprising an acid addition formation, after the completion of said acid addition formation, a residual free sulfuric acid electrolyte is left inside the AGM lead-acid battery, characterized in that, The formation method, after the acid formation is completed, does not have the step of extracting the remaining free sulfuric acid electrolyte.

10. A method of formation of an AGM lead-acid battery as defined in claim 9, characterized in that, The volume and density of the remaining free sulfuric acid electrolyte satisfy the following conditions: the AGM lead-acid battery is charged and discharged as a secondary battery, and when the free sulfuric acid electrolyte disappears, the sulfuric acid electrolyte density is between 1.26-1.4 g / cm 2 The charge and discharge reactions of the AGM lead-acid battery in the charge and discharge stage are as follows: during charging, the lead sulfate of the positive active material is converted into lead dioxide, and the lead sulfate of the negative active material is converted into sponge lead; during discharging, the lead dioxide of the positive plate active material is converted into lead sulfate, and the sponge lead of the negative plate active material is also converted into lead sulfate.

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