Transmission method and apparatus, and terminal and network-side device

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of communications. Disclosed are a transmission method and apparatus, and a terminal and a network-side device. The transmission method in the embodiments of the present application comprises: a terminal receiving first information sent by a network-side device; the terminal determining a target modulation mode on the basis of the first information, wherein the target modulation mode is associated with a target AI unit of the network-side device for receiving uplink data; and the terminal sending the uplink data on the basis of the target modulation mode.

Description

Transmission method, apparatus, terminal and network side device

[0001] Cross-reference to Related Applications

[0002] The present application claims priority from Chinese Patent Application No. 202410724763.4 filed on June 05, 2024, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present application belongs to the field of communication technology, and specifically relates to a transmission method, apparatus, terminal and network side device. BACKGROUND

[0004] In related technologies, when a terminal performs uplink transmission, the terminal usually adopts a Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) or Phase Shift Keying (PSK) modulation scheme to modulate the information to be sent, and a network side device adopts a fixed receiving mode to receive uplink data. The receiving mode may have poor adaptability to the modulation scheme of the terminal, which will result in poor transmission performance. SUMMARY

[0005] Embodiments of the present application provide a transmission method, apparatus, terminal and network side device, which can solve the problem of poor transmission performance.

[0006] In a first aspect, a transmission method is provided, which is performed by a terminal, and the method comprises:

[0007] The terminal receives first information sent by a network side device;

[0008] The terminal determines a target modulation mode based on the first information, and the target modulation mode is associated with a target Artificial Intelligence (AI) unit used by the network side device to receive uplink data;

[0009] The terminal sends the uplink data based on the target modulation mode.

[0010] In a second aspect, a transmission method is provided, which is performed by a network side device, and the method comprises:

[0011] The network side device sends first information to a terminal, and the first information is used to determine a target modulation mode, and the target modulation mode is associated with a target AI unit used to receive uplink data;

[0012] The network side device receives uplink data based on the target AI unit.

[0013] In a third aspect, a transmission apparatus is provided, comprising:

[0014] a receiving module configured to receive first information transmitted by a network-side device;

[0015] a processing module configured to determine a target modulation mode based on the first information, the target modulation mode being associated with a target AI unit of the network-side device for receiving uplink data;

[0016] a sending module configured to send the uplink data based on the target modulation mode.

[0017] In a fourth aspect, a transmission apparatus is provided, comprising:

[0018] a sending module configured to send first information to a terminal, the first information being used to determine a target modulation mode, the target modulation mode being associated with a target AI unit for receiving uplink data;

[0019] a receiving module configured to receive uplink data based on the target AI unit.

[0020] In a fifth aspect, a transmission apparatus is provided, the apparatus being configured to perform the steps of the method according to the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method according to the second aspect.

[0021] In a sixth aspect, a terminal is provided, comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing programs or instructions executable on the processor, the programs or instructions being executed by the processor to implement the steps of the method according to the first aspect.

[0022] In a seventh aspect, a terminal is provided, comprising a processor and a communication interface, wherein,

[0023] the communication interface is configured to receive first information transmitted by a network-side device;

[0024] the processor is configured to determine a target modulation mode based on the first information, the target modulation mode being associated with a target AI unit of the network-side device for receiving uplink data;

[0025] the communication interface is further configured to send the uplink data based on the target modulation mode.

[0026] In an eighth aspect, a network-side device is provided, comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing programs or instructions executable on the processor, the programs or instructions being executed by the processor to implement the steps of the method according to the second aspect.

[0027] In a ninth aspect, a network-side device is provided, comprising a processor and a communication interface, wherein,

[0028] a communication interface configured to send, to the terminal, first information used to determine a target modulation mode associated with a target AI unit used to receive uplink data;

[0029] The communication interface is further configured to receive, based on the target AI unit, the uplink data.

[0030] In a tenth aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, and the readable storage medium stores a program or instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement steps of the method according to the first aspect or implement steps of the method according to the second aspect.

[0031] In an eleventh aspect, a wireless communication system is provided, and the wireless communication system includes a terminal and a network-side device, the terminal is configured to implement steps of the method according to the first aspect, and the network-side device is configured to implement steps of the method according to the second aspect.

[0032] In a twelfth aspect, a chip is provided, and the chip includes a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to run a program or instructions to implement the method according to the first aspect or implement the method according to the second aspect.

[0033] In a thirteenth aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, and the computer program / program product is stored in a storage medium, and the computer program / program product is executed by at least one processor to implement the method according to the first aspect or implement the method according to the second aspect.

[0034] In the embodiments of the present application, a terminal receives first information sent by a network-side device, determines a target modulation mode based on the first information, the target modulation mode is associated with a target AI unit used by the network-side device to receive uplink data, and the terminal sends the uplink data based on the target modulation mode. The terminal determines a target modulation mode used to send uplink data through first information sent by the network-side device, so that the modulation mode used by the terminal to send uplink data is adapted to the AI unit used by the network-side device to receive uplink data, the uplink data is sent through a target modulation mode associated with a target AI unit used to receive uplink data, the data throughput is improved, the block error rate is reduced, and the transmission performance is further improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system to which embodiments of the present application can be applied;

[0036] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a neural network in the related art;

[0037] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a neuron in the related art;

[0038] FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG. 5 is a flow chart of uplink data processing according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a transmission method according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a transmission method according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a transmission method according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of a transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] FIG. 10 is a structural diagram of a transmission apparatus according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG. 11 is a structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG. 12 is a structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG. 13 is a structural diagram of a network-side device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] FIG. 14 is a structural diagram of a network-side device according to another embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0050] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of the same class, not limited in number; for example, the first object can be one or more. Furthermore, "or" in this application indicates at least one of the connected objects. For example, the scope of protection for "A or B" covers at least three scenarios: Scenario 1: including A but not B; Scenario 2: including B but not A; Scenario 3: including both A and B. In addition, the terms "A and / or B," "at least one of A and B," and "at least one of A or B" also cover at least the above three scenarios. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0051] The term "instruction" in this application can be either a direct instruction (or explicit instruction) or an indirect instruction (or implicit instruction). A direct instruction can be understood as one in which the sender explicitly informs the receiver of specific information, the operation to be performed, or the requested result, etc., in the instruction sent. An indirect instruction can be understood as one in which the receiver determines the corresponding information based on the instruction sent by the sender, or makes a judgment and determines the operation to be performed or the requested result, etc., based on the judgment result.

[0052] It is worth noting that the technology described in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) or other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in the embodiments of the present application are often used interchangeably, and the described technology can be used in the above-mentioned systems and radio technologies, as well as in other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes a New Radio (NR) system for example purposes, and NR terminology is used in most of the following description, but these technologies can also be applied to systems other than NR systems, such as 6th Generation (6G) communication systems. th

[0053] ​FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a wireless communication system to which embodiments of the present application can be applied. The wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network-side device 12. The terminal 11 can be a terminal-side device such as a mobile phone, a Tablet Personal Computer, a Laptop Computer, a notebook computer, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a palmtop computer, a netbook, an Ultra-mobile Personal Computer (UMPC), a Mobile Internet Device (MID), an Augmented Reality (AR) device, a Virtual Reality (VR) device, a robot, a wearable device, a flight vehicle, a Vehicle User Equipment (VUE), a shipboard device, a Pedestrian User Equipment (PUE), a smart home (a home device with a wireless communication function such as a refrigerator, a television, a washing machine, or furniture), a game console, a Personal Computer (PC), a kiosk, or a self-service machine. The wearable device includes a smart watch, a smart bracelet, a smart earphone, smart glasses, smart jewelry (a smart bracelet, a smart necklace, a smart ring, a smart necklace, a smart anklet, a smart necklace, etc.), a smart wristband, smart clothes, etc. The vehicle-mounted device can also be referred to as a vehicle-mounted terminal, a vehicle-mounted controller, a vehicle-mounted module, a vehicle-mounted component, a vehicle-mounted chip, or a vehicle-mounted unit, etc. It should be noted that the specific type of the terminal 11 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. The network-side device 12 can include an access network device or a core network device. The access network device can also be referred to as a Radio Access Network (RAN) device, a radio access network function, or a radio access network unit. The access network device can include a base station, a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) Access Point (AP), or a Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) node, etc.The base station can be referred to as a Node B (NB), an evolved Node B (eNB), a next generation Node B (gNB), a New Radio Node B (NR Node B), an access point, a relay station (RBS), a serving base station (SBS), a base transceiver station (BTS), a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a basic service set (BSS), an extended service set (ESS), a home Node B (HNB), a home evolved Node B, a transmit / receive point (TRP), or some other suitable terminology in the art, and is not limited to a particular technical terminology, provided that the same technical effect is achieved. It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, only the base station in the NR system is taken as an example for introduction, and the specific type of the base station is not limited.

[0054] The core network device can also be referred to as a core network node, a core network function, or a core network network element, etc., which includes but is not limited to at least one of the following: a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management function (AMF), a session management function (SMF), a user plane function (UPF), a policy control function (PCF), a policy and charging rules function (PCRF), an edge application server discovery function (EASDF), a unified data management (UDM), a unified data repository (UDR), a home subscriber server (HSS), a centralized network configuration (CNC), a network repository function (NRF), a network exposure function (NEF), a local NEF (L-NEF), a binding support function (BSF), an application function (AF), a location management function (LMF), a gateway mobile location center (GMLC), a network data analytics function (NWDAF), etc. It should be noted that only the core network device in the NR system is taken as an example for introduction in the embodiments of the present application, and the specific type of the core network device is not limited. If the name of the core network device mentioned in the embodiments of the present application changes in the subsequent protocol version (for example, 6G), it is also within the protection scope of the present application.

[0055] Optionally, the core network device can be implemented by one or more function modules in one device, or can be implemented by multiple devices together, and the embodiments of the present application do not make a specific limitation hereon. It can be understood that the above function modules can be network elements in a hardware device, can be software function modules running on a special hardware, or can be virtualized function modules instantiated on a platform (for example, a cloud platform).

[0056] For the convenience of understanding, some contents related to the embodiments of the present application are explained as follows:

[0057] 1, Artificial Intelligence (AI)

[0058] Artificial intelligence (AI) has been widely applied in various fields. It is an important task for future wireless communication networks to integrate artificial intelligence into wireless communication networks and significantly improve technical indicators such as throughput, latency, and user capacity. There are various implementation ways for AI modules, such as neural networks, decision trees, support vector machines, and Bayesian classifiers. The embodiments of the present application take neural networks as an example for illustration, but the specific type of AI module is not limited.

[0059] A schematic diagram of a neural network is shown in FIG. 2:

[0060] The neural network is composed of neurons, and a schematic diagram of a neuron is shown in FIG. 3. The inputs are a1, a2, … aK, the weight (multiplicative coefficient) is w, the bias (additive coefficient) is b, and the activation function is σ(.). Common activation functions include Sigmoid, tanh, linear rectification function, or rectified linear unit (ReLU), etc.

[0061] The parameters of the neural network are optimized by a gradient optimization algorithm. The gradient optimization algorithm is a class of algorithms for minimizing or maximizing an objective function (or described as a loss function), and the objective function is often a mathematical combination of model parameters and data. For example, given data X and its corresponding label Y, a neural network model f(.) is constructed. After the model is obtained, the predicted output f(x) can be obtained according to the input x, and the difference between the predicted value and the true value (f(x)-Y) can be calculated, which is the loss function. Find the appropriate W, b to minimize the value of the above loss function, and the smaller the loss value, the closer the model is to the true situation.

[0062] The common optimization algorithm at present is basically based on error back propagation (BP) algorithm. The basic idea of BP algorithm is that the learning process is composed of two processes of forward propagation of signals and backward propagation of errors. In the forward propagation, the input sample is transmitted from the input layer to the output layer through the processing of each hidden layer. If the actual output of the output layer does not match the expected output, the backward propagation of errors is entered. The error back propagation is to transmit the output error to the input layer through the hidden layer in a certain form, and allocate the error to all units of each layer, so as to obtain the error signal of each unit of each layer, which is used as the basis for correcting the weight of each unit. The weight adjustment process of each layer of the signal forward propagation and the error backward propagation is repeated. The process of continuously adjusting the weight is the learning and training process of the network. This process is carried out until the error of the network output is reduced to an acceptable level, or until the preset learning times are reached.

[0063] Generally, according to different types of solutions, the selected AI algorithm and the adopted AI model also have differences. In the related art, the main method for improving the performance of the fifth generation (5G) network by means of AI is to enhance or replace the existing algorithm or processing module by means of the neural network-based algorithm and AI model. In a specific scenario, the neural network-based algorithm and AI model can achieve better performance than the deterministic algorithm. Commonly used neural networks include deep neural networks, convolutional neural networks and recurrent neural networks. With the existing AI tools, the construction, training and verification of the neural network can be realized.

[0064] In the related art, AI can obtain better performance than traditional methods in complex communication tasks such as wireless environment modeling, signal detection, channel estimation, beamforming, positioning, mobility management, wireless resource allocation, traffic prediction, and network state tracking and intelligent scheduling. In the related art, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has carried out wireless AI standardization research on multiple projects such as AI / ML for OAM (Operation Administration and Maintenance), AI / ML for NG-RAN (Next Generation Radio Access Network), Enablers for Network Automation for 5G-Phase 3, 5G Systems Support for AI / ML-based Services, and AI / ML for Air Interface. The specific research directions are as follows:

[0065] AI / ML for OAM mainly studies management data analytics service (MDAS).

[0066] Enablers for Network Automation for 5G-Phase 3 and 5G Systems Support for AI / ML-based Services are projects that introduce AI into the core network. In the R18 stage, the main research is AI model sharing, supporting federated learning, enhancement of NWDAF, 5G system assisting AI / ML model to realize intelligent transmission and provide transmission guarantee.

[0067] AI / ML for NG-RAN studied three use cases and basic function frameworks such as network energy saving, load balancing and mobility optimization in the R17 stage. In the R18 stage, the main research is how to carry out data collection and signaling enhancement.

[0068] AI / ML for Air Interface is a project for air interface enhancement established in R18, which focuses on the general architecture of air interface AI such as cooperation level and life cycle management, and three use cases such as channel state information (CSI) enhancement, beam enhancement and positioning enhancement based on AI.

[0069] With the popularization of AI technology and resources, more high-value use cases will emerge, continuously improving the performance of mobile communication systems.

[0070] The transmission method, device and related equipment provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and some embodiments and their application scenarios.

[0071] Referring to FIG. 4, FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 4, the transmission method includes the following steps:

[0072] Step 101, the terminal receives first information sent by the network side device.

[0073] The first information can be used to indicate one or more first modulation modes. The terminal can report the modulation mode to the network side device, and the first information can indicate one or more first modulation modes in the reported modulation mode of the terminal. Alternatively, the network side device can directly indicate one or more first modulation modes to the terminal through the first information. Alternatively, the first information can be confirmation information used to indicate whether to agree with the request of third information sent by the terminal, and the third information is used to indicate the first modulation mode requested by the terminal for sending uplink data.

[0074] In addition, the terminal reporting the first modulation mode to the network side device can include: the terminal sending second information to the network side device, the second information being used to indicate the capability information of the terminal for uplink data transmission, and the capability information indicating the modulation mode supported by the terminal; or the terminal sending third information to the network side device, the third information being used to indicate the modulation mode requested by the terminal for sending uplink data; and the like.

[0075] Step 102, the terminal determines a target modulation mode based on the first information, and the target modulation mode is associated with a target AI unit of the network side device for receiving uplink data.

[0076] The first information can be used to indicate one or more first modulation modes, and the first modulation mode indicated by the first information can be one or more first modulation modes in the modulation mode reported by the terminal. In the case where the first information indicates one first modulation mode, the terminal can take the first modulation mode indicated by the first information as the target modulation mode; in the case where the first information indicates multiple first modulation modes, the terminal can select a target modulation mode from the first modulation modes indicated by the first information. The terminal can select a target modulation mode from the first modulation modes indicated by the first information according to the applicable conditions of the first modulation modes; or, the terminal can randomly select a modulation mode from the first modulation modes indicated by the first information as the target modulation mode.

[0077] In an implementation, the terminal can select a target modulation mode from the first modulation modes indicated by the first information according to the applicable conditions of the first modulation modes, and take the first modulation mode satisfying the applicable conditions as the target modulation mode. The applicable conditions of the first modulation mode can include at least one of scene information, configuration information, channel quality conditions and terminal information. Taking the case where the applicable conditions of the first modulation mode include terminal information as an example, the terminal can select a target modulation mode from the first modulation modes indicated by the first information according to the terminal information. For example, the terminal information includes the remaining power, and the terminal can select a target modulation mode according to the remaining power. When the terminal has more remaining power, the terminal can take a first modulation mode with high computational complexity as the target modulation mode; when the terminal has less remaining power, the terminal can take a first modulation mode with low computational complexity as the target modulation mode, so as to avoid rapid consumption of power.

[0078] The target modulation mode is associated with the target AI unit, which can also be described as the target modulation mode corresponding to the target AI unit, or the target modulation mode matching the target AI unit, or the target modulation mode adapting to the target AI unit, or the target modulation mode satisfying a binding relationship with the target AI unit, and the like.

[0079] The target modulation mode is associated with the target AI unit, which can mean that the target modulation mode and the target AI unit have a binding relationship or an association relationship, for example, the network side device stores a binding relationship or an association relationship between the target modulation mode and the target AI unit; or, when training the target AI unit, the modulation mode used for modulating the training sample is the target modulation mode.

[0080] It should be noted that the network side device can store the association relationship or binding relationship between the modulation mode and the first AI unit. One modulation mode is bound to be used with one or more specific first AI units, or one first AI unit is bound to be used with one or more specific modulation modes.

[0081] The modulation mode can also be described as a modulation scheme or a modulation strategy. For example, the target modulation mode can also be described as a target modulation scheme or a target modulation strategy. The terminal can modulate the to-be-sent information, such as the codeword information, by using the target modulation mode.

[0082] The target modulation mode can include one or more first modulation modes in the modulation modes reported by the terminal, and the first modulation mode is associated with the target AI unit.

[0083] In addition, the terminal can select a target modulation mode from a plurality of modulation modes (such as first modulation modes). Each modulation mode in the plurality of modulation modes can be used to map a bit sequence into a symbol sequence. Each modulation mode in the plurality of modulation modes can be a rule of modulating M bits into N symbols. The modulation order of the modulation mode can be described by a fraction M / N or an integer array [M, N]. When N = 1, it degenerates into the modulation order used in the related art. The mapping rule (or the description of the specific mapping rule) of the modulation mode can be implemented by a function, a table, or a third AI unit. The mapping rule can be predefined by a protocol, or can be sent to the terminal side by the network side device when the mapping rule is actually called, and the standard format of the mapping rule is predefined by the protocol.

[0084] An example of the specific mapping rule of the modulation mode described by the function is as follows:

[0085] The function is Y = f(X), X is the bit sequence before modulation, the length is M, and Y is the symbol sequence (generally a complex sequence) after modulation, the length is N. Or the real part and the imaginary part of Y are respectively described by Re(Y) = f1(X) and Im(Y) = f2(X).

[0086] An example of the specific mapping rule of the modulation mode described by the table is as follows:

[0087] Taking the modulation of [M = 5, N = 2] as an example, the specific mapping rule of the modulation mode described by the table can be as follows:

[0088] Where y i,j is a real number or a complex number.

[0089] An example of the specific mapping rule of the modulation mode described by the third AI unit is as follows:

[0090] The input of the third AI unit is a bit sequence before modulation or a sequence obtained after preprocessing thereof, and the output of the third AI unit can be directly used as a symbol sequence after modulation or used as a symbol sequence after modulation after processing (such as matching and mapping of real and imaginary parts).

[0091] In addition, the network-side device can select a target AI unit for receiving uplink data based on the debugging mode reported by the terminal. The target AI unit is associated with at least one first debugging mode in the debugging mode reported by the terminal. The network-side device can randomly select the target AI unit from the first AI unit associated with the at least one first debugging mode, or the network-side device can select the target AI unit from the first AI unit associated with the at least one first debugging mode by referring to other information. For example, the network-side device can also select the target AI unit according to the uplink data to be received. The network-side device can learn the data characteristics of the uplink data from the terminal side and select the applicable AI unit. For example, for uplink data with different complexities, the selected target AI unit can be different. For uplink data with high complexity, an AI unit with powerful operation function can be selected. For uplink data with low complexity, an AI unit with simple operation function can be selected. The network-side device can comprehensively consider the modulation mode reported by the terminal and the uplink data to be received to select the target AI unit, so that the target AI unit can better demodulate the uplink data sent by the terminal and achieve better transmission effect.

[0092] The function of the target AI unit can be to convert the symbol sequence received by the network-side device into a bit sequence. The input of the target AI unit at least contains the received modulated data signal, or the input of the target AI unit can also contain the received demodulation reference signal (DMRS) signal, the DMRS original signal sent by the terminal, or the estimation of the channel. The network-side device can directly use the received modulated data signal, the received DMRS signal, the DMRS original signal sent by the terminal, or the estimation of the channel (all are complex signals) as the input of the target AI unit, that is, use the complex signal as the input of the target AI unit; or, the real part and the imaginary part of the received modulated data signal, the received DMRS signal, the DMRS original signal sent by the terminal, or the estimation of the channel are taken out and arranged into a specific dimension (such as a vector, a matrix, or a tensor) as the input of the target AI unit. The output of the target AI unit is a bit sequence corresponding to the received modulated data signal.

[0093] Step 103, the terminal sends the uplink data based on the target modulation mode.

[0094] The terminal can modulate the to-be-sent information by using a target modulation mode, and send uplink data based on the modulated information. For example, the terminal can perform resource mapping processing on the modulated information to obtain information after resource mapping processing, perform OFDM modulation processing on the information after resource mapping processing to obtain uplink data, and send the uplink data. Alternatively, the terminal can perform resource mapping processing on the modulated information to obtain information after resource mapping processing, perform DMRS insertion processing on the information after resource mapping processing to obtain information after DMRS insertion processing, perform OFDM modulation processing on the information after DMRS insertion processing to obtain uplink data, and send the uplink data.

[0095] In addition, the network side device can receive uplink data based on the target AI unit. The network side device can use the target AI unit to perform demodulation processing on the received uplink data, or use the target AI unit to perform joint processing of equalization and demodulation on the received uplink data, or use the target AI unit to perform joint processing of channel estimation, equalization, and demodulation on the received uplink data, and so on.

[0096] In an embodiment, the target AI unit is used for demodulation processing, the network side device performs OFDM demodulation processing, channel estimation processing, and equalization processing on the received uplink data to obtain information after equalization processing, and uses the target AI unit to perform demodulation processing on the information after equalization processing to obtain demodulated information.

[0097] In an embodiment, the target AI unit is used for joint processing of equalization and demodulation, the network side device performs OFDM demodulation processing and channel estimation processing on the received uplink data to obtain information after channel estimation processing, and uses the target AI unit to process the information after channel estimation processing to obtain demodulated information.

[0098] In an embodiment, the target AI unit is used for joint processing of channel estimation, equalization, and demodulation, the network side device performs OFDM demodulation processing on the received uplink data to obtain information after OFDM demodulation processing, and uses the target AI unit to process the information after OFDM demodulation processing to obtain demodulated information.

[0099] In an embodiment, when the first information indicates that the first AI unit supported by the network side device does not match the modulation mode reported by the terminal, the network side device can send a target request to a target device, where the target request is used to request information of a second AI unit that matches the modulation mode reported by the terminal.

[0100] The second AI unit can include the target AI unit.

[0101] In addition, the related information of the second AI unit can include an identifier or a version of the second AI unit, a description or an execution file of the second AI unit, and a second AI unit application condition, etc. The description or the execution file of the second AI unit includes information such as a structure, a parameter, or an applicable AI framework of the second AI unit. The terminal can directly run the description or the execution file of the second AI unit to use the second AI unit for inference, or the terminal can need to compile or recompile the description or the execution file of the second AI unit to use the second AI unit for inference. The specific implementation of using the second AI unit is not limited in the embodiment.

[0102] In addition, the target device can be a core network device, a network management center device, a regional center device, or the like.

[0103] The AI unit in the embodiment of the application can also be referred to as an AI model, an AI structure, or the like. Alternatively, the AI unit can refer to a processing unit capable of implementing a specific algorithm, formula, processing flow, capability, or the like related to AI. Alternatively, the AI unit can be a processing method, algorithm, function, module, or unit for a specific data set. Alternatively, the AI unit can be a processing method, algorithm, function, module, or unit running on AI-related hardware such as a graphics processing unit (GPU), a neural network processing unit (NPU), a tensor processing unit (TPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or the like. The embodiment of the application does not make a specific limitation. Optionally, the specific data set includes input or output of the AI unit.

[0104] Optionally, the identifier of the AI unit can be an AI model identifier, an AI structure identifier, an AI algorithm identifier, a functionality ID, a physical identifier, a logical identifier, a global identifier, a local identifier, or an identifier of a specific data set associated with the AI unit, or an identifier of a specific scene, environment, channel feature, or device related to AI, or an identifier of a function, feature, capability, or module related to AI. The embodiment of the application does not make a specific limitation.

[0105] It should be noted that Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) and Phase Shift Keying (PSK) modulation are the most commonly used modulation schemes in existing communication systems. However, theoretically, when the modulation order is greater than 4, these two are not the optimal modulation methods. Moreover, the actual signal detection performance is closely related to the specific receiver. In this regard, the embodiments of the present application perform end-to-end design through AI, jointly optimize the modulation scheme of the sending end and the receiver algorithm of the receiving end, and thus obtain better transmission performance. In the embodiments of the present application, the transceiver first agrees on the consistency of the transmission scheme, and then performs actual data transmission, which can enable the matching use of the modulation scheme and the receiver scheme optimized by the end-to-end design. The embodiments of the present application consider the uplink of the terminal deploying a new modulation scheme and the network side device deploying a new receiving scheme, and propose an end-to-end uplink transmission method, which can realize the terminal's reporting of the related capabilities about the modulation scheme, the process of determining the modulation scheme and the AI receiving scheme suitable for sending data by the terminal and the network side device, and the processing scheme when the modulation scheme of the terminal side does not match the AI receiving scheme of the network side device.

[0106] The embodiments of the present application are schemes for AI end-to-end transmission, which mainly realize that when the modulation scheme of the terminal in uplink transmission has more choices (for example, AI trains multiple modulation schemes, including M-to-1 constellation shaping and M-to-N mapping rules), the network side device uses a matching scheme (such as an AI receiver) to complete data reception. The constellation and receiver obtained through AI training can achieve higher throughput and lower Block Error Rate (BLER) compared to traditional QAM modulation or PSK modulation, and can be optimized for different scenarios to obtain overfitting gain and further improve transmission performance.

[0107] In the embodiments of the present application, the terminal receives first information sent by the network side device; the terminal determines a target modulation mode based on the first information, the target modulation mode being associated with a target AI unit of the network side device for receiving uplink data; and the terminal sends the uplink data based on the target modulation mode. In this way, sending the uplink data through the target modulation mode associated with the target AI unit for receiving the uplink data can improve data throughput and reduce block error rate, thereby improving transmission performance; and the terminal determines the target modulation mode for sending the uplink data based on the first information sent by the network side device, thereby enabling the adaptation of the modulation mode of the terminal for sending the uplink data to the AI unit of the network side device for receiving the uplink data, and further improving transmission performance.

[0108] Optionally, the target modulation mode is used to map a bit sequence into a symbol sequence.

[0109] The modulation mode in the related art is a rule of mapping M bits into 1 symbol, and the target modulation mode in the embodiment of the application is a rule of mapping a bit sequence into a symbol sequence, such as M bits modulating N symbols, M is a positive integer, and N is a positive integer. The target modulation mode can be described by a fraction M / N or an integer group [M, N], which can make the application of modulation more extensive.

[0110] In this embodiment, the target modulation mode is used to map a bit sequence into a symbol sequence, and the flexibility of modulation by using the modulation mode of mapping a bit sequence into a symbol sequence is higher than that of only supporting mapping a bit sequence into one symbol in the related art.

[0111] Optionally, before the terminal receives the first information sent by the network side device, the method further comprises:

[0112] The terminal sends second information to the network side device, and the second information is used to indicate the capability information of the terminal for uplink data transmission.

[0113] The capability information can represent a modulation scheme supported by the terminal (or described as a modulation mode) or a receiving scheme (such as a demodulation scheme) used by the network side device. The capability information can include: a modulation order supported by the terminal; or a modulation mode supported by the terminal; or an applicable condition of the modulation mode supported by the terminal; or a first AI unit used by the network side device; and the like, which is not limited in the embodiment.

[0114] In addition, the terminal sends second information to the network side device, and the second information is used to indicate the capability information of the terminal for uplink data transmission; the terminal receives the first information sent by the network side device, and the first information can be used to indicate one or more first modulation modes represented by the capability information; and the terminal selects a target modulation mode from the one or more first modulation modes indicated by the first information.

[0115] In this embodiment, the terminal sends second information to the network side device, and the second information is used to indicate the capability information of the terminal for uplink data transmission, so that the network side device can know the capability of the terminal for uplink data transmission, and then the network side device can select a first AI unit matched with the capability of the terminal to receive uplink data according to the capability of the terminal.

[0116] Optionally, the capability information includes at least one of the following:

[0117] The modulation order supported by the terminal;

[0118] a modulation mode supported by the terminal;

[0119] a modulation mode supported by the terminal.

[0120] The capability information can comprise a modulation order supported by the terminal. The modulation order supported by the terminal in the capability information can be represented in the form of a set, or in the form of a list, or in other forms, which are not limited in the embodiment. For example, the capability information can comprise a set of modulation orders supported by the terminal. The modulation order supported by the terminal can be represented by a fraction M / N or an integer array [M, N], i.e., the terminal modulates every M bits into N symbols. When N = 1, it degenerates into the modulation order used in the related art. For example, the set of modulation orders supported by the terminal is {[2, 1], [3, 1], [3, 2], [4, 1], [4, 2], [5, 1], [5, 2], [5, 3]}, which represents a set.

[0121] In addition, the capability information can comprise a modulation mode supported by the terminal. The modulation mode supported by the terminal in the capability information can be represented in the form of a set, or in the form of a list, or in other forms, which are not limited in the embodiment. For example, the capability information can comprise a set of modulation modes supported by the terminal.

[0122] In an implementation, the modulation mode supported by the terminal can refer to a rule of modulating M bits into N symbols supported by the terminal. Further, there can be multiple modulation modes under the same modulation order to support different transmission scenarios. For example, under the same modulation order, a terminal with a speed lower than 30 km / h uses one modulation mode, and a terminal with a speed higher than 30 km / h uses another modulation mode. Taking the identification mode of [M, N] as an example, the set of modulation modes is as follows: {[scheme 1 of modulation order [2, 1], modulation mode 1 of modulation order [4, 1], modulation mode 2 of modulation order [4, 1], modulation mode 1 of modulation order [8, 1], modulation mode 2 of modulation order [8, 1], modulation mode 3 of modulation order [8, 1], modulation mode 1 of modulation order [8, 3], modulation mode 2 of modulation order [8, 3]}. Each modulation mode in the set has a unique identifier, and can carry a version number. Therefore, the reported content here is the unique identifier + version number of each modulation mode, rather than the specific mapping rule of the modulation mode.

[0123] It should be noted that the network side device does not necessarily support all modulation modes of the terminal. For example, a terminal is always active in X city, and its modulation mode can be supported in X city. However, when the terminal moves to Y city, the network side device in Y city may not be able to support all modulation modes of the terminal, or the version of the modulation mode of the terminal may not match the version of the network side device receiving scheme, for example, the version of the modulation mode of the terminal is the updated version in 2024, and the version of the modulation mode supported by the network side device is the version in 2023.

[0124] In addition, the capability information can include applicable conditions of the modulation mode supported by the terminal. The capability information can include scene information, configuration information, channel quality conditions, terminal information or other information that can be used to describe the applicable conditions of the modulation mode, and the embodiment is not limited to the capability information.

[0125] In this embodiment, the capability information can include the modulation order supported by the terminal, so that the network side device can know the modulation order supported by the terminal, and then the network side device can select the first AI unit matched with the modulation order supported by the terminal for receiving the uplink data according to the modulation order supported by the terminal.

[0126] In this embodiment, the capability information can include the modulation mode supported by the terminal, so that the network side device can know the modulation mode supported by the terminal, and then the network side device can select the first AI unit matched with the modulation mode supported by the terminal for receiving the uplink data according to the modulation mode supported by the terminal.

[0127] In this embodiment, the capability information can include the applicable conditions of the modulation mode supported by the terminal, so that the network side device can know the applicable conditions of the modulation mode supported by the terminal, and then the network side device can determine the applicable modulation mode of the terminal according to the applicable conditions of the modulation mode supported by the terminal, and select the first AI unit matched with the applicable modulation mode of the terminal for receiving the uplink data.

[0128] Optionally, in the case where the second information is used to indicate the applicable conditions, the second information includes at least one of the following:

[0129] Scene information; configuration information; channel quality conditions; terminal information.

[0130] The scene information can include channel scene or a scene where the terminal is located (such as a line of sight (LOS) or non-line of sight (NLOS) channel, an indoor or outdoor scene, an urban or suburban or plain or mountainous scene), and position or area information (such as a cell identifier (ID), a sector ID, a city or region ID, and a zone ID).

[0131] The configuration information can include information such as port configuration of a receiving end or a sending end, frequency domain configuration (such as bandwidth, Bandwidth Part (BWP) size and frequency domain position, sub-band number and frequency domain position, Resource block (RB) number and frequency domain position, etc.), time domain configuration (such as symbol number or slot number, etc.), and the like.

[0132] The channel quality condition can include a condition described by an index such as a Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), a Signal-to-Noise and Interference Ratio (SINR), a Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), or a Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP).

[0133] The terminal information can be terminal self-information, and the terminal information can include a moving speed, available power or remaining power, available storage space, or available computing unit, and the like.

[0134] Optionally, the first information is used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0135] At least one first modulation mode;

[0136] A mapping rule of the at least one first modulation mode;

[0137] The first modulation mode is associated with the target AI unit, and the at least one first modulation mode includes the target modulation mode.

[0138] The at least one first modulation mode can be a first modulation mode supported by the terminal.

[0139] In addition, the mapping rule of the first modulation mode can be implemented by a function, a table, or a third AI unit, and can refer to the description of the mapping rule of the modulation mode, which will not be described here.

[0140] In this embodiment, the first information is used to indicate at least one of the following: at least one first modulation mode, or a mapping rule of the at least one first modulation mode. In this way, the network-side device feeds back, to the terminal, at least one first modulation mode or a mapping rule of the at least one first modulation mode associated with the target AI unit, so that the terminal can select a target modulation mode associated with the target AI unit for sending uplink data, thereby achieving adaptation of the target modulation mode used by the terminal for sending uplink data to the target AI unit used by the network-side device for receiving uplink data, and improving transmission performance.

[0141] Optionally, before the terminal receives the first information sent by the network-side device, the method further includes:

[0142] The terminal sends, to the network-side device, third information used to indicate a modulation mode requested by the terminal to be used for sending uplink data.

[0143] The first information is used to respond to the request of the third information.

[0144] The third information can include an identifier of one or more modulation modes, and the modulation mode indicated by the third information can be the modulation mode requested by the terminal to be used for sending uplink data.

[0145] In addition, the network-side device can determine the target AI unit based on the third information. The network-side device can randomly select a target AI unit from the first AI units associated with the modulation mode indicated by the third information, or the network-side device can select a target AI unit from the first AI units associated with the modulation mode indicated by the third information by referring to other information. For example, the network-side device can also select a target AI unit according to the uplink data to be received. The present embodiment does not limit the specific implementation of the network-side device to select a target AI unit.

[0146] It should be noted that in some scenarios where the terminal is limited, such as scenarios where the terminal is limited in power, storage, or computing power, the terminal cannot or does not want to perform the scheme indicated by the network-side device. At this time, the terminal can request or suggest a scheme that the terminal wants. The terminal sends, to the network-side device, third information used to indicate a modulation mode requested by the terminal to be used for sending uplink data, thereby realizing a mode in which the terminal initiates selection of a target modulation mode.

[0147] In the embodiment, the terminal sends third information to the network side device, the third information is used to indicate a modulation mode requested by the terminal to send uplink data, and the first information is used to respond to the request of the third information. In this way, the network side device can select a target AI unit according to the modulation mode requested by the terminal to send uplink data, and feed back the first information to the terminal, so that the terminal can select a target modulation mode according to the first information to send uplink data, thereby realizing the adaptation of the target modulation mode of the terminal for sending uplink data and the target AI unit of the network side device for receiving uplink data, and improving the transmission performance.

[0148] Optionally, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0149] The confirmation information is used to indicate whether to agree with the request of the third information.

[0150] The third information indicates an identity of at least one first modulation mode in the modulation modes, the first modulation mode is associated with the target AI unit, and the at least one first modulation mode includes the target modulation mode.

[0151] The confirmation information can be used to indicate that the request of the third information is agreed, or the confirmation information can be used to indicate that the request of the third information is not agreed. For example, the confirmation information is 1, indicating that the request of the terminal is agreed; or the confirmation information is 0, indicating that the request of the terminal is not agreed.

[0152] In an embodiment, the first information can include confirmation information, and the terminal determines the target modulation mode based on the first information. For example, when the confirmation information is used to indicate that the request of the third information is agreed, the terminal can select the target modulation mode from the modulation modes indicated by the third information. The terminal can select the target modulation mode from the modulation modes indicated by the third information according to the applicable conditions of the modulation modes; or the terminal can randomly select a modulation mode from the modulation modes indicated by the third information as the target modulation mode. When the confirmation information is used to indicate that the request of the third information is not agreed, the terminal can not select a modulation mode; or when the confirmation information is used to indicate that the request of the third information is not agreed, the terminal can receive second modulation mode related information sent by the network side device, the second modulation mode is associated with a first AI unit supported by the network side device, and the terminal can take the second modulation mode sent by the network side device as the target modulation mode.

[0153] In an implementation, the first information can include an identification of at least one first modulation mode in the modulation modes indicated by the third information. In a case where the first information includes an identification of one first modulation mode, the terminal can take the first modulation mode indicated by the first information as the target modulation mode; in a case where the first information includes identifications of multiple first modulation modes, the terminal can select the target modulation mode from the first modulation modes indicated by the first information.

[0154] In this implementation, the first information can include confirmation information, and the terminal can determine whether the network-side device agrees with the request of the third information according to the confirmation information. When the network-side device agrees with the request of the third information, the terminal can select the target modulation mode from the modulation modes requested by the terminal to receive the downlink data; or, the first information can include an identification of at least one first modulation mode in the modulation modes indicated by the third information, so that the terminal can select the target modulation mode according to the identification of the first modulation mode fed back by the network-side device to receive the downlink data, thereby achieving the adaptation of the target modulation mode used by the terminal to send the uplink data to the target AI unit used by the network-side device to receive the uplink data, and improving the transmission performance.

[0155] Optionally, the first information is used to indicate whether the first AI unit supported by the network-side device matches the modulation mode reported by the terminal.

[0156] In a case where the first information indicates that the first AI unit supported by the network-side device matches the modulation mode reported by the terminal, the first information further includes an identification of at least one first modulation mode in the modulation mode reported by the terminal; or

[0157] In a case where the first information indicates that the first AI unit supported by the network-side device does not match the modulation mode reported by the terminal, the first information further includes related information of a second modulation mode, the second modulation mode being associated with the first AI unit supported by the network-side device; or, in a case where the first information indicates that the first AI unit supported by the network-side device does not match the modulation mode reported by the terminal, the first information further includes an identification of a modulation mode that does not match the first AI unit supported by the network-side device.

[0158] The first AI unit includes the target AI unit, the first modulation mode is associated with the target AI unit, and the at least one first modulation mode includes the target modulation mode.

[0159] In addition, the related information of the second modulation mode can include an identification of the second modulation mode, a version, a specific mapping rule (such as a function, a table or a third AI unit) of the second modulation mode, and applicable conditions, etc.

[0160] In addition, the modulation mode reported by the terminal can be a modulation mode reported through the second information or the third information. For example, the terminal sends second information to the network side device, and the second information is used to indicate capability information of the terminal for uplink data transmission, and the capability information includes a modulation mode supported by the terminal. Alternatively, the terminal sends third information to the network side device, and the third information is used to indicate a modulation mode requested by the terminal for sending uplink data, and the like.

[0161] In addition, the first AI unit supported by the network side device and the modulation mode reported by the terminal can be matched, which means that the network side device can find a first AI unit associated with the modulation mode reported by the terminal in the first AI unit supported by the network side device. The first AI unit supported by the network side device and the modulation mode reported by the terminal can be mismatched, which means that the network side device cannot find a first AI unit associated with the modulation mode reported by the terminal in the first AI unit supported by the network side device.

[0162] For example, the network side device can store an association relationship table (or a binding relationship table) of a modulation mode and a first AI unit, and the first AI units in the association relationship table are all first AI units supported by the network side device. The network side device can find whether there is a first AI unit matched with the modulation mode reported by the terminal from the association relationship table.

[0163] In addition, the first AI unit supported by the network side device and the modulation mode reported by the terminal can be matched, which means that the identification of the first AI unit is matched (or associated) with the identification of the modulation mode. Alternatively, the identification of the first AI unit is matched with the identification and version number of the modulation mode. Alternatively, the identification and version number of the first AI unit are matched with the identification of the modulation mode. Alternatively, the identification and version number of the first AI unit are matched with the identification and version number of the modulation mode. For example, the network side device stores an association relationship table of a modulation mode and a first AI unit, and the modulation mode in the association relationship table can be represented by an identification or represented by an identification and a version number. The first AI unit can be represented by an identification or represented by an identification and a version number.

[0164] In the embodiment, in a case where the first information indicates that the first AI unit supported by the network side device matches the modulation mode reported by the terminal, the first information further comprises an identifier of at least one first modulation mode in the modulation mode reported by the terminal, so that the network side device can select a target AI unit matching the modulation mode reported by the terminal according to the modulation mode reported by the terminal for receiving uplink data, and feed back to the terminal at least one identifier of the first modulation mode associated with the selected target AI unit, and the terminal can select a target modulation mode according to the identifier of the first modulation mode fed back by the network side device for transmitting uplink data, so as to realize the adaptation of the target modulation mode used by the terminal for transmitting uplink data to the target AI unit of the network side device for receiving uplink data, and improve the transmission performance.

[0165] In the embodiment, in a case where the first information indicates that the first AI unit supported by the network side device does not match the modulation mode reported by the terminal, the first information further comprises related information of a second modulation mode, so that the terminal can obtain the related information of the second modulation mode associated with the first AI unit supported by the network side device, and select a target modulation mode through the second modulation mode for transmitting uplink data, so as to realize the adaptation of the target modulation mode used by the terminal for transmitting uplink data to the target AI unit of the network side device for receiving uplink data, and improve the transmission performance.

[0166] In the embodiment, in a case where the first information indicates that the first AI unit supported by the network side device does not match the modulation mode reported by the terminal, the first information further comprises an identifier of a modulation mode that does not match the first AI unit supported by the network side device, so that the terminal can obtain the modulation mode that does not match the first AI unit supported by the network side device, and then eliminate the modulation mode that does not match the first AI unit supported by the network side device when selecting a target modulation mode.

[0167] Optionally, the target AI unit is configured to perform any one of the following:

[0168] Demodulation processing;

[0169] Joint processing of equalization and demodulation;

[0170] Joint processing of channel estimation, equalization and demodulation.

[0171] In a case where the target AI unit is configured to perform demodulation processing, the input of the target AI unit is associated with a complex signal after equalization of a received data signal (such as uplink data), and the output of the target AI unit is a bit sequence corresponding to the data signal.

[0172] In the case that the target AI unit is used for joint processing of channel estimation, equalization and demodulation (i.e., channel estimation + equalization + demodulation), the input of the target AI unit is associated with the received data signal (such as uplink data), the received DMRS signal and the DMRS original signal sent by the terminal, and the output of the target AI unit is the bit sequence corresponding to the data signal.

[0173] In the case that the target AI unit is used for joint processing of channel estimation, equalization and demodulation (i.e., channel estimation + equalization + demodulation), the input of the target AI unit is associated with the received data signal (such as uplink data), the received DMRS signal and the DMRS original signal sent by the terminal, and the output of the target AI unit is the bit sequence corresponding to the data signal.

[0174] In addition, the joint processing of channel estimation, equalization and demodulation can include joint processing of channel estimation, equalization and demodulation in the case of pilotless transmission.

[0175] In the case that the target AI unit is used for joint processing of channel estimation, equalization and demodulation in the case of pilotless transmission (i.e., channel estimation in the case of pilotless transmission + equalization + demodulation), the input of the target AI unit is associated with the received data signal, and the output of the target AI unit is the bit sequence corresponding to the data signal. In this mode, the terminal only sends the data signal and does not send the DMRS.

[0176] In addition, the input of the target AI unit associated with the received data signal (or the estimate of the channel, or the received DMRS signal, or the DMRS original signal sent by the terminal, or the complex signal after equalization of the received data signal) can mean that the received data signal (or the estimate of the channel, or the received DMRS signal, or the DMRS original signal sent by the terminal, or the complex signal after equalization of the received data signal) is directly used as the input of the target AI unit; or, the signal after processing the received data signal (or the estimate of the channel, or the received DMRS signal, or the DMRS original signal sent by the terminal, or the complex signal after equalization of the received data signal) can be used as the input of the target AI unit, for example, the real part and the imaginary part of the received data signal are taken out and arranged into a specific dimension (such as a vector, a matrix or a tensor) as the input of the target AI unit.

[0177] It should be noted that the generalization ability of the target AI unit is different when different functions are implemented, and the generalization performance of the AI unit for implementing demodulation processing, the AI unit for implementing joint processing of equalization and demodulation, and the AI unit for implementing joint processing of channel estimation, equalization and demodulation gradually deteriorates in turn. Therefore, even if the terminal transmits data using the same modulation mode, different network side devices can use different target AI units to complete data reception to obtain a bit sequence. For example, a terminal with a high activity scene change can use a target AI unit for implementing demodulation processing. For example, for a terminal with a high activity scene change, the network side device can use a first AI unit for implementing demodulation processing, and for a terminal with a low activity scene change, the network side device can use a first AI unit for implementing joint processing of channel estimation, equalization and demodulation.

[0178] The embodiments of the present application consider the uplink of the terminal deploying a new modulation scheme and the network side deploying a new receiving scheme, and clearly define the related terminal capability reporting, the determination process of the modulation scheme, the uplink data transmission process, and the alignment scheme when the transmitting end and the receiving end do not match. In one implementation, the uplink data processing flow block diagram corresponding to the transmission method in the embodiments of the present application is shown in FIG. 5, which mainly involves the modulation of the terminal and the demodulation, equalization, channel estimation functions of the network side device, and the main purpose is to use a more flexible and efficient modulation scheme (the specific mapping rule can be described in multiple ways, such as a function, a table, a third AI unit) and use a receiver scheme (AI-based receiver, i.e., receiving based on the first AI unit) matched with it to complete data reception.

[0179] The transmission method is further described through several examples as follows:

[0180] In the following examples, the modulation scheme can also be described as a modulation mode or a modulation strategy, that is, the modulation scheme can be replaced by the modulation mode or the modulation strategy.

[0181] Example 1: In this example, the transmission method includes the following processes:

[0182] Step (1), the terminal reports second information, the second information describes the modulation scheme supported by the terminal, and the second information includes at least one of the following:

[0183] A, the modulation order set supported by the terminal, which can be represented by a fraction M / N or an integer array [M, N], that is, the terminal modulates every M bits into N symbols. When N = 1, it degenerates into the modulation order used in related technologies. For example, the modulation order set supported by the terminal is {[2, 1], [3, 1], [3, 2], [4, 1], [4, 2], [5, 1], [5, 2], [5, 3]}, which represents a set.

[0184] B. The modulation scheme set supported by the terminal, i.e. the rules supported by the terminal for modulating M bits into N symbols. Further, there can be multiple modulation schemes under the same modulation order to support different transmission scenarios. For example, under the same modulation order, a modulation scheme is used when the terminal speed is lower than 30km / h, and another modulation scheme is used when the terminal speed is higher than 30km / h. Taking the identification mode of [M, N] as an example, the modulation scheme set is as follows: {[scheme 1 with modulation order [2, 1], modulation scheme 1 with modulation order [4, 1], modulation scheme 2 with modulation order [4, 1], modulation scheme 1 with modulation order [8, 1], modulation scheme 2 with modulation order [8, 1], modulation scheme 3 with modulation order [8, 1], modulation scheme 1 with modulation order [8, 3], modulation scheme 2 with modulation order [8, 3]}. Each modulation scheme in the above set has a unique identifier, and can carry a version number. Therefore, the content reported here is the unique identifier + version number of each modulation scheme, rather than the specific mapping rule of the modulation scheme.

[0185] C. The applicable conditions of the modulation scheme supported by the terminal, i.e. which modulation scheme is used under which conditions. The applicable conditions include at least one of the following:

[0186] Scenario information, including at least one of the following: channel scenario or terminal scenario (such as LOS or NLOS channel, indoor or outdoor scenario, urban or suburban or plain or mountainous scenario), and location or area (such as cell ID, sector ID, city or region ID, area ID, etc.);

[0187] Configuration information, including at least one of the following: receiving end or transmitting end port configuration, frequency domain configuration (such as bandwidth, BWP size and frequency domain position, sub-band number and frequency domain position, RB number and frequency domain position, etc.), time domain configuration (symbol number, slot number, etc.);

[0188] Channel quality conditions, such as conditions described by CQI, SINR, SNR, RSRP, etc.

[0189] Terminal self information, such as moving speed, available power or remaining power, available storage space, or available computing unit, etc.

[0190] The specific mapping rule of the modulation scheme can be implemented by a function, a table or a third AI unit. The specific mapping rule can be predefined by a protocol, or can be sent by the network side device to the terminal side when the mapping rule is actually called, and the standard format of the mapping rule at this time is predefined by the protocol.

[0191] An example of the specific mapping rule of the modulation scheme described by a function is as follows:

[0192] A function such as Y = f(X), X is the bit sequence before modulation, length M, Y is the symbol sequence after modulation (usually complex sequence), length N. Or the acquisition process of the real part and the imaginary part of Y is described by Re(Y) = f1(X) and Im(Y) = f2(X) respectively.

[0193] The specific mapping rule of the modulation scheme described in the table is exemplified as follows:

[0194] Taking modulation of [M = 5, N = 2] as an example, the specific mapping rule of the modulation scheme described in the table can be as follows:

[0195] Where y i,j is a real number or a complex number.

[0196] The specific mapping rule of the modulation scheme described in the third AI unit is exemplified as follows:

[0197] The input of the third AI unit is the bit sequence before modulation or the sequence obtained after preprocessing thereof, and the output of the third AI unit can be directly used as the symbol sequence after modulation or used as the symbol sequence after modulation after processing (such as matching and mapping of the real part and the imaginary part).

[0198] Step (2), the terminal determines the target modulation scheme for data transmission.

[0199] In one embodiment, the network side device determines the target AI unit used by the network side device for data reception according to the second information, and sends the first information to the terminal, the first information comprising at least one of:

[0200] One or more first modulation schemes.

[0201] The specific mapping rule of one or more first modulation schemes.

[0202] The one or more first modulation schemes described above are associated with or bound to the target AI unit.

[0203] The terminal determines the target modulation scheme according to the first information, uses the target modulation scheme to send the first data to the network side device, and the network side device uses the target AI unit to receive the data.

[0204] In another embodiment, the terminal sends the third information to the network side device, the third information describing which modulation scheme the terminal requests to use to send the first data. Therefore, the content of the third information comprises the identification of one or more modulation schemes.

[0205] The network side device sends the first information to the terminal side, the first information being a reply to the third information. The first information comprises at least one of:

[0206] 1) confirmation information, such as confirmation information being 1 indicating agreement with the terminal's request; or confirmation information being 0 indicating disagreement.

[0207] 2) an identification of a specified first modulation scheme, the specified first modulation scheme being one of a plurality of first modulation schemes contained in the third information, that is, indicating the terminal to transmit data using the specified first modulation scheme.

[0208] The terminal determines a target modulation scheme according to the first information, and transmits data to the network side device using the target modulation scheme, and the network side device receives data using the target AI unit.

[0209] It should be noted that the network side device can maintain an association or binding relationship between the first AI unit and the modulation scheme, that is, a specific modulation scheme is used in association with a specific first AI unit, or a specific first AI unit is used in association with a specific modulation scheme.

[0210] One modulation scheme can be associated with multiple first AI units, and different first AI units can implement the following different functions:

[0211] Function one: demodulation. The input of the first AI unit is associated with the complex signal after equalization of the received data signal, and the output of the first AI unit is the bit sequence corresponding to the data signal.

[0212] Function two: joint processing of equalization and demodulation (i.e., equalization + demodulation). The input of the first AI unit is associated with the received data signal and the estimate of the channel, and the output of the first AI unit is the bit sequence corresponding to the data signal.

[0213] Function three: joint processing of channel estimation, equalization and demodulation (i.e., channel estimation + equalization + demodulation). The input of the first AI unit is associated with the received data signal, the received DMRS signal and the DMRS original signal sent by the terminal, and the output of the first AI unit is the bit sequence corresponding to the data signal.

[0214] Function four: joint processing of channel estimation, equalization and demodulation in pilotless transmission (i.e., channel estimation in pilotless transmission + equalization + demodulation). In this mode, the terminal only transmits the data signal and does not transmit the DMRS. Therefore, the input of the first AI unit is associated with the received data signal, and the output of the first AI unit is the bit sequence corresponding to the data signal.

[0215] The generalization ability of the first AI unit is different when it implements different functions, and the generalization performance gradually deteriorates from function one to function four. Therefore, even if multiple terminals use the same modulation scheme to send data, the network side device can use different first AI units to complete data reception and obtain bit sequences for different terminals. For example, for terminals with frequent changes in activity scenarios, the network side device can use the first AI unit corresponding to function one, and for terminals with less frequent changes in activity scenarios, the network side device can use the first AI unit corresponding to function four.

[0216] One first AI unit can also be associated with multiple modulation schemes:

[0217] For example, different terminals use different modulation schemes with the same modulation order, and the network side device can call the same first AI unit to complete data reception and obtain bit sequences for multiple terminals.

[0218] When the first AI unit supported by the network side device and the modulation scheme supported by the terminal side do not match, no alignment processing can be performed, and only the modulation scheme and the first AI unit that can be matched by both ends are selected. The mismatch here can refer to any of the following:

[0219] The identifier of the modulation scheme and the identifier of the first AI unit do not satisfy the binding relationship;

[0220] The {identifier, version number} of the modulation scheme and the {identifier, version number} of the first AI unit do not satisfy the binding relationship;

[0221] The identifier of the modulation scheme and the {identifier, version number} of the first AI unit do not satisfy the binding relationship;

[0222] The {identifier, version number} of the modulation scheme and the identifier of the first AI unit do not satisfy the binding relationship.

[0223] The network side device can send an error cause information to the terminal to inform the terminal that a mismatch has occurred. The error cause can include a set of modulation schemes, indicating that the network side device cannot support the modulation schemes in the set.

[0224] When the first AI unit supported by the network side device and the modulation scheme supported by the terminal side do not match, the following process can be used for alignment processing:

[0225] 1) When the network side device does not have the first AI unit corresponding to the modulation scheme supported by the terminal side, the following processing can be performed: the network side device sends a request to the core network, the network management center, or the regional center, etc. to apply for a new first AI unit (including identifier, version, and description or execution file of the first AI unit) and the applicable conditions of the first AI unit.

[0226] 2) When the terminal side does not support the modulation scheme corresponding to the first AI unit on the network side device, the following processing can be performed: the network side device sends fourth information to the terminal side, the fourth information including the corresponding new modulation scheme (including identification and version), the applicable conditions of the modulation scheme, and the specific mapping rule of the modulation scheme (such as a function, a table, or a third AI unit).

[0227] Example Two: In this example, the network side device initiates the selection of the modulation scheme.

[0228] In this example, as shown in FIG. 6, the transmission method includes the following processes:

[0229] Step (1), the terminal reports the second information. The same as step (1) in example one.

[0230] Step (2), the network side device determines the first AI unit and the modulation scheme.

[0231] The network side device determines the target AI unit used by the network side device for data reception according to the second information.

[0232] Step (3), the network side device sends the first information to the terminal.

[0233] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0234] One or more first modulation schemes.

[0235] The specific mapping rule of one or more first modulation schemes.

[0236] The one or more first modulation schemes are associated with or bound to the target AI unit.

[0237] Step (4), the terminal sends the first data to the network side device.

[0238] The terminal determines the target modulation scheme according to the first information, uses the target modulation scheme to send the first data to the network side device, and the network side device uses the target AI unit to receive the first data.

[0239] Example Three:

[0240] In this example, the terminal side initiates the selection of the modulation scheme.

[0241] In this example, as shown in FIG. 7, the transmission method includes the following processes:

[0242] Step (1), the terminal reports the second information. The same as step (1) in example one.

[0243] Step (2), the terminal sends the third information to the network side device.

[0244] The terminal applies for a specific modulation scheme. The terminal sends third information to the network side device, where the third information describes which modulation scheme the terminal requests to use to send the first data. The content of the third information includes the identification of one or more modulation schemes.

[0245] Step (3), the network side device determines the target AI unit and the modulation scheme according to the third information.

[0246] Step (4), the network side device sends first information to the terminal, which can be a reply to the third information. The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0247] 1) confirmation information, such as confirmation information being 1 indicating agreement with the terminal's request; or confirmation information being 0 indicating disagreement.

[0248] 2) the identification of a specified first modulation scheme, which is one of the multiple first modulation schemes contained in the third information, that is, indicating the terminal to send data using the specified first modulation scheme.

[0249] Step (5), the terminal sends first data to the network side device.

[0250] The terminal determines the target modulation scheme according to the first information, uses the target modulation scheme to send the first data to the network side device, and the network side device uses the target AI unit to receive the first data. The target modulation scheme is the first modulation scheme specified in the first information.

[0251] The embodiment of the present application is a scheme for AI end-to-end transmission, which mainly realizes that in uplink transmission, the modulation scheme of the terminal has more choices (for example, AI trains multiple modulation schemes, including M-to-1 constellation shaping, M-to-N mapping rules, etc.), and the network side device uses a matching scheme (such as AI receiver) to complete data reception. Through AI training, the constellation and receiver can achieve higher throughput and lower BLER compared to traditional QAM modulation or PSK modulation, and can be optimized for different scenarios to obtain overfitting gain and further improve transmission performance.

[0252] Referring to FIG. 8, FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 8, the transmission method includes the following steps:

[0253] Step 201, the network side device sends first information to the terminal, where the first information is used to determine a target modulation scheme, and the target modulation scheme is associated with a target AI unit used to receive uplink data.

[0254] Step 202, the network side device receives uplink data based on the target AI unit.

[0255] Optionally, the target modulation mode is used to map a bit sequence into a symbol sequence.

[0256] Optionally, before the network-side device sends the first information to the terminal, the method further comprises:

[0257] The network-side device receives second information sent by the terminal, the second information being used to indicate capability information of the terminal for uplink data transmission.

[0258] Optionally, the capability information comprises at least one of:

[0259] a modulation order supported by the terminal;

[0260] a modulation mode supported by the terminal;

[0261] an applicable condition of the modulation mode supported by the terminal.

[0262] Optionally, in a case where the second information is used to indicate the applicable condition, the second information comprises at least one of:

[0263] scene information; configuration information; channel quality condition; terminal information.

[0264] Optionally, the first information is used to indicate at least one of:

[0265] at least one first modulation mode;

[0266] a mapping rule of the at least one first modulation mode;

[0267] wherein the first modulation mode is associated with the target AI unit, and the at least one first modulation mode comprises the target modulation mode.

[0268] Optionally, before the network-side device sends the first information to the terminal, the method further comprises:

[0269] The network-side device receives third information sent by the terminal, the third information being used to indicate a modulation mode requested by the terminal to be used for uplink data transmission;

[0270] The network-side device determines the target AI unit based on the third information.

[0271] Optionally, the first information comprises at least one of:

[0272] confirmation information, the confirmation information being used to indicate whether to agree with the request of the third information;

[0273] The third information indicates an identity of at least one first modulation mode in the modulation modes, the first modulation mode being associated with the target AI unit, and the at least one first modulation mode including the target modulation mode.

[0274] Optionally, the first information is used to indicate whether the first AI unit supported by the network side device matches the modulation mode reported by the terminal.

[0275] In a case where the first information indicates that the first AI unit supported by the network side device matches the modulation mode reported by the terminal, the first information further includes an identity of at least one first modulation mode in the modulation mode reported by the terminal; or

[0276] In a case where the first information indicates that the first AI unit supported by the network side device does not match the modulation mode reported by the terminal, the first information further includes information of a second modulation mode, the second modulation mode being associated with the first AI unit supported by the network side device; or, in a case where the first information indicates that the first AI unit supported by the network side device does not match the modulation mode reported by the terminal, the first information further includes an identity of a modulation mode that does not match the first AI unit supported by the network side device.

[0277] The first AI unit includes the target AI unit, the first modulation mode is associated with the target AI unit, and the at least one first modulation mode includes the target modulation mode.

[0278] Optionally, before the network side device sends the first information to the terminal, the method further includes:

[0279] In a case where the first information indicates that the first AI unit supported by the network side device does not match the modulation mode reported by the terminal, the network side device sends a target request to a target device, the target request being used to request information of a second AI unit that matches the modulation mode reported by the terminal.

[0280] The second AI unit includes the target AI unit.

[0281] Optionally, the target AI unit is used for any one of the following:

[0282] Demodulation processing;

[0283] Joint processing of equalization and demodulation;

[0284] Joint processing of channel estimation, equalization and demodulation.

[0285] It should be noted that the embodiment is as an implementation of a network side device corresponding to the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, and the specific implementation can refer to the related description of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4. To avoid repeated description, the embodiment will not be described again.

[0286] The transmission method provided in the embodiment of the application can be executed by the transmission device. In the embodiment of the application, the transmission device is taken as an example to illustrate the transmission device provided in the embodiment of the application.

[0287] The transmission device provided in the embodiment of the application can be a communication device or a component in the communication device, for example, a chip. The communication device can be a terminal, a network side device or a server, etc. For example, the terminal can include but is not limited to the types of the terminal 11 listed above, and the network side device can include but is not limited to the types of the network side device 12 listed above, which are not limited in the embodiment of the application.

[0288] The transmission device includes a receiving module, a sending module and a processing module. The receiving module, the sending module and the processing module can be implemented by software or hardware. When implemented by hardware, the processing module can be implemented by a processor, for example, a general processor, a special processor, etc., such as a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an artificial intelligent (AI) processor, a graphics processing unit (GPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a network processor (NP), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, a gate circuit, a transistor, a discrete hardware component, etc. The receiving module and the sending module can be implemented by a communication interface, which can include one or more of a transceiver, a pin, a circuit, a bus, a radio frequency unit, etc.

[0289] Specifically, referring to FIG. 9, when the transmission device is a terminal or a component in the terminal, the transmission device 300 includes:

[0290] The receiving module 301 is configured to receive the first information sent by the network side device.

[0291] The processing module 302 is configured to determine a target modulation mode based on the first information, the target modulation mode being associated with a target AI unit of the network-side device for receiving uplink data.

[0292] The sending module 303 is configured to send the uplink data based on the target modulation mode.

[0293] Optionally, the target modulation mode is used to map a bit sequence into a symbol sequence.

[0294] Optionally, the sending module is further configured to:

[0295] send second information to the network-side device, the second information being used to indicate capability information of the terminal for uplink data sending.

[0296] Optionally, the capability information comprises at least one of:

[0297] a modulation order supported by the terminal;

[0298] a modulation mode supported by the terminal;

[0299] an applicable condition of a modulation mode supported by the terminal.

[0300] Optionally, in a case where the second information is used to indicate the applicable condition, the second information comprises at least one of: scene information; configuration information; channel quality condition; terminal information.

[0301] Optionally, the first information is used to indicate at least one of:

[0302] at least one first modulation mode;

[0303] a mapping rule of at least one first modulation mode;

[0304] wherein the first modulation mode is associated with the target AI unit, and the at least one first modulation mode comprises the target modulation mode.

[0305] Optionally, the sending module is further configured to:

[0306] send third information to the network-side device, the third information being used to indicate a modulation mode requested by the terminal to be used for sending uplink data.

[0307] Optionally, the first information comprises at least one of:

[0308] confirmation information, the confirmation information being used to indicate whether to agree with a request of the third information;

[0309] The third information indicates an identity of at least one first modulation mode in the modulation modes, the first modulation mode being associated with the target AI unit, and the at least one first modulation mode including the target modulation mode.

[0310] Optionally, the first information is used to indicate whether the first AI unit supported by the network side device matches the modulation mode reported by the terminal.

[0311] In a case where the first information indicates that the first AI unit supported by the network side device matches the modulation mode reported by the terminal, the first information further includes an identity of at least one first modulation mode in the modulation mode reported by the terminal; or

[0312] In a case where the first information indicates that the first AI unit supported by the network side device does not match the modulation mode reported by the terminal, the first information further includes related information of a second modulation mode, the second modulation mode being associated with the first AI unit supported by the network side device; or, in a case where the first information indicates that the first AI unit supported by the network side device does not match the modulation mode reported by the terminal, the first information further includes an identity of a modulation mode that does not match the first AI unit supported by the network side device.

[0313] The first AI unit includes the target AI unit, the first modulation mode is associated with the target AI unit, and the at least one first modulation mode includes the target modulation mode.

[0314] Optionally, the target AI unit is used for any one of the following:

[0315] Demodulation processing;

[0316] Joint processing of equalization and demodulation;

[0317] Joint processing of channel estimation, equalization and demodulation.

[0318] Embodiments of the present application can improve transmission effect.

[0319] Referring to FIG. 10, when the transmission device is a network side device or a component in the network side device, the transmission device 400 includes:

[0320] A sending module 401 is configured to send first information to a terminal, the first information being used to determine a target modulation mode, the target modulation mode being associated with a target AI unit used for receiving uplink data.

[0321] A receiving module 402 is configured to receive uplink data based on the target AI unit.

[0322] Optionally, the target modulation mode is used for mapping a bit sequence into a symbol sequence.

[0323] Optionally, the receiving module is further configured to:

[0324] receive second information sent by the terminal, the second information being used for indicating capability information of the terminal for uplink data transmission.

[0325] Optionally, the capability information comprises at least one of:

[0326] a modulation order supported by the terminal;

[0327] a modulation mode supported by the terminal;

[0328] an applicable condition of the modulation mode supported by the terminal.

[0329] Optionally, in a case where the second information is used for indicating the applicable condition, the second information comprises at least one of:

[0330] scene information; configuration information; channel quality condition; terminal information.

[0331] Optionally, the first information is used for indicating at least one of:

[0332] at least one first modulation mode;

[0333] a mapping rule of the at least one first modulation mode;

[0334] wherein the first modulation mode is associated with the target AI unit, and the at least one first modulation mode comprises the target modulation mode.

[0335] Optionally, the receiving module is further configured to: receive third information sent by the terminal, the third information being used for indicating a modulation mode requested by the terminal to be used for uplink data transmission.

[0336] The apparatus further comprises a processing module configured to determine the target AI unit based on the third information.

[0337] Optionally, the first information comprises at least one of:

[0338] confirmation information, the confirmation information being used for indicating whether to agree with the request of the third information;

[0339] an identity of at least one first modulation mode in the modulation mode indicated by the third information, the first modulation mode being associated with the target AI unit, and the at least one first modulation mode comprising the target modulation mode.

[0340] Optionally, the first information is used to indicate whether a first AI unit supported by the network side device matches the modulation mode reported by the terminal.

[0341] In a case where the first information indicates that the first AI unit supported by the network side device matches the modulation mode reported by the terminal, the first information further comprises an identifier of at least one first modulation mode in the modulation mode reported by the terminal; or

[0342] In a case where the first information indicates that the first AI unit supported by the network side device does not match the modulation mode reported by the terminal, the first information further comprises information of a second modulation mode, the second modulation mode being associated with the first AI unit supported by the network side device; or, in a case where the first information indicates that the first AI unit supported by the network side device does not match the modulation mode reported by the terminal, the first information further comprises an identifier of a modulation mode that does not match the first AI unit supported by the network side device.

[0343] The first AI unit comprises the target AI unit, the first modulation mode is associated with the target AI unit, and the at least one first modulation mode comprises the target modulation mode.

[0344] Optionally, the sending module is further used for:

[0345] In a case where the first information indicates that the first AI unit supported by the network side device does not match the modulation mode reported by the terminal, the sending module is further used for sending a target request to a target device, the target request being used for requesting information of a second AI unit that matches the modulation mode reported by the terminal.

[0346] The second AI unit comprises the target AI unit.

[0347] Optionally, the target AI unit is used for any one of the following:

[0348] Demodulation processing;

[0349] Joint processing of equalization and demodulation;

[0350] Joint processing of channel estimation, equalization and demodulation.

[0351] The transmission device provided by the embodiments of the present application can implement each process implemented by the method embodiments of FIG. 4 and FIG. 8, and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described here.

[0352] As shown in FIG. 11, the embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device 500, comprising a processor 501 and a memory 502, wherein the memory 502 stores programs or instructions executable by the processor 501. For example, when the communication device 500 is a terminal, the programs or instructions are executed by the processor 501 to implement each step of the above-mentioned transmission method embodiment and achieve the same technical effects. When the communication device 500 is a network side device, the programs or instructions are executed by the processor 501 to implement each step of the above-mentioned transmission method embodiment and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0353] The embodiment of the present application further provides a terminal, comprising a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to run programs or instructions to implement the steps in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 4. The terminal embodiment corresponds to the above-mentioned terminal side method embodiment, and each implementation process and implementation manner of the above-mentioned method embodiment can be applied to the terminal embodiment and achieve the same technical effects. The terminal can be the transmission apparatus shown in FIG. 9. Specifically, FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal for implementing the embodiment of the present application.

[0354] The terminal 600 includes, but is not limited to, at least part of the following components: a radio frequency unit 601, a network module 602, an audio output unit 603, an input unit 604, a sensor 605, a display unit 606, a user input unit 607, an interface unit 608, a memory 609, and a processor 610, etc.

[0355] Those skilled in the art can understand that the terminal 600 can further include a power supply (such as a battery) for supplying power to each component, and the power supply can be logically connected to the processor 610 through a power management system, so as to realize the functions of power management, such as charging, discharging and power consumption management, through the power management system. The terminal structure shown in FIG. 12 does not constitute a limitation on the terminal, and the terminal can include more or fewer components than those shown, or combine certain components, or different component arrangements, which are not described herein.

[0356] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the input unit 604 can include a graphics processor 6041 and a microphone 6042, and the graphics processor 6041 processes image data of a still picture or a video obtained by an image capture device (such as a camera) in a video capture mode or an image capture mode. The display unit 606 can include a display panel 6061, which can be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light-emitting diode, etc. The user input unit 607 includes at least one of a touch panel 6071 and other input devices 6072. The touch panel 6071 is also called a touch screen. The touch panel 6071 can include two parts of a touch detection device and a touch controller. The other input devices 6072 can include, but are not limited to, a physical keyboard, function keys (such as volume control keys, on-off keys, etc.), a trackball, a mouse, a joystick, and the like, which will not be described here.

[0357] In the embodiments of the present application, after the radio frequency unit 601 receives the downlink data from the network side device, it can be transmitted to the processor 610 for processing. In addition, the radio frequency unit 601 can send uplink data to the network side device. Generally, the radio frequency unit 601 includes, but is not limited to, an antenna, an amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a low noise amplifier, a duplexer, etc.

[0358] The memory 609 can be used to store software programs or instructions and various data. The memory 609 can mainly include a first storage area storing programs or instructions and a second storage area storing data, wherein the first storage area can store an operating system, application programs or instructions required by at least one function (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.), and the like. In addition, the memory 609 can include a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Programmable ROM (PROM), an Erasable PROM (EPROM), an Electrically EPROM (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory can be a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Static RAM (SRAM), a Dynamic RAM (DRAM), a Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), a Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), an Enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), a Synch link DRAM (SLDRAM), and a Direct Rambus RAM (DRRAM). The memory 609 in the embodiments of the present application includes but is not limited to these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0359] The processor 610 can include one or more processing units; optionally, the processor 610 integrates an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly processes operations related to an operating system, a user interface, and an application program, and the modem processor mainly processes wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It can be understood that the above-mentioned modem processor can also not be integrated into the processor 610.

[0360] The radio frequency unit 601 is configured to receive first information sent by a network side device.

[0361] The processor 610 is configured to determine a target modulation mode based on the first information, wherein the target modulation mode is associated with a target AI unit of the network side device used for receiving uplink data.

[0362] The radio frequency unit 601 is further configured to send the uplink data based on the target modulation mode.

[0363] Optionally, the target modulation mode is used for mapping a bit sequence into a symbol sequence.

[0364] Optionally, the radio frequency unit 601 is further configured to:

[0365] send second information to the network-side device, the second information being used for indicating capability information of the terminal for uplink data transmission.

[0366] Optionally, the capability information comprises at least one of:

[0367] a modulation order supported by the terminal;

[0368] a modulation mode supported by the terminal;

[0369] an applicable condition of a modulation mode supported by the terminal.

[0370] Optionally, in a case where the second information is used for indicating the applicable condition, the second information comprises at least one of:

[0371] scenario information; configuration information; channel quality condition; terminal information.

[0372] Optionally, the first information is used for indicating at least one of:

[0373] at least one first modulation mode;

[0374] a mapping rule of at least one first modulation mode;

[0375] wherein the first modulation mode is associated with the target AI unit, and the at least one first modulation mode comprises the target modulation mode.

[0376] Optionally, the radio frequency unit 601 is further configured to:

[0377] send third information to the network-side device, the third information being used for indicating a modulation mode requested by the terminal to be used for uplink data transmission.

[0378] Optionally, the first information comprises at least one of:

[0379] confirmation information, the confirmation information being used for indicating whether to agree with the request of the third information;

[0380] an identity of at least one first modulation mode in the modulation mode indicated by the third information, the first modulation mode being associated with the target AI unit, and the at least one first modulation mode comprising the target modulation mode.

[0381] Optionally, the first information is used to indicate whether the first AI unit supported by the network side device matches the modulation mode reported by the terminal.

[0382] In a case where the first information indicates that the first AI unit supported by the network side device matches the modulation mode reported by the terminal, the first information further comprises an identifier of at least one first modulation mode in the modulation mode reported by the terminal; or

[0383] In a case where the first information indicates that the first AI unit supported by the network side device does not match the modulation mode reported by the terminal, the first information further comprises related information of a second modulation mode, the second modulation mode being associated with the first AI unit supported by the network side device; or, in a case where the first information indicates that the first AI unit supported by the network side device does not match the modulation mode reported by the terminal, the first information further comprises an identifier of a modulation mode that does not match the first AI unit supported by the network side device.

[0384] The first AI unit comprises the target AI unit, the first modulation mode is associated with the target AI unit, and the at least one first modulation mode comprises the target modulation mode.

[0385] Optionally, the target AI unit is used for any one of the following:

[0386] Demodulation processing;

[0387] Joint processing of equalization and demodulation;

[0388] Joint processing of channel estimation, equalization and demodulation.

[0389] It can be understood that the implementation processes of the implementation modes mentioned in the embodiment can refer to the related description of the method embodiment of FIG. 8, and achieve the same or corresponding technical effects. To avoid repetition, they will not be described here.

[0390] The embodiment of the application further provides a network side device comprising a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface and the processor being coupled, the processor being used to run programs or instructions to realize the steps of the method embodiment shown in FIG. 8. The network side device embodiment corresponds to the network side device method embodiment described above, and each implementation process and implementation mode of the method embodiment described above can be applied to the network side device embodiment and achieve the same technical effects.

[0391] Specifically, the embodiment of the present application further provides a network side device, which can be the transmission apparatus shown in FIG. 10. As shown in FIG. 13, the network side device 700 includes an antenna 701, a radio frequency device 702, a baseband device 703, a processor 704 and a memory 705. The antenna 701 is connected with the radio frequency device 702. In the uplink direction, the radio frequency device 702 receives information through the antenna 701, and sends the received information to the baseband device 703 for processing. In the downlink direction, the baseband device 703 processes information to be sent, and sends the processed information to the radio frequency device 702, and the radio frequency device 702 processes the received information and sends the processed information out through the antenna 701.

[0392] The method performed by the network side device in the above embodiment can be implemented in the baseband device 703, which includes a baseband processor.

[0393] The baseband device 703 can include at least one baseband board, for example, a plurality of chips are arranged on the baseband board, as shown in FIG. 13, one of the chips is a baseband processor, which is connected with the memory 705 through a bus interface to call the program in the memory 705 and perform the network device operation shown in the above method embodiment.

[0394] The network side device can further include a network interface 706, which is a common public radio interface (CPRI) for example.

[0395] Specifically, the network side device 700 of the embodiment of the present application further includes instructions or programs stored in the memory 705 and executable on the processor 704, the processor 704 calls the instructions or programs in the memory 705 to perform the method performed by each module shown in FIG. 10 and achieve the same technical effects, and thus the description is omitted here.

[0396] Specifically, the embodiment of the present application further provides a network side device. As shown in FIG. 14, the network side device 800 includes a processor 801, a network interface 802 and a memory 803. The network side device can be the transmission apparatus shown in FIG. 10. The network interface 802 is a common public radio interface (CPRI) for example.

[0397] Specifically, the network side device 800 of the embodiment of the present application further includes instructions or programs stored in the memory 803 and executable on the processor 801, the processor 801 calls the instructions or programs in the memory 803 to perform the method performed by each module shown in FIG. 10 and achieve the same technical effects, and thus the description is omitted here.

[0398] The embodiment of the present application further provides a readable storage medium, and the readable storage medium stores programs or instructions, which are executed by a processor to realize the processes of the transmission method embodiments and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0399] The processor is the processor in the terminal or the network side device in the above embodiments. The readable storage medium includes a computer readable storage medium, such as a computer readable only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk. In some examples, the readable storage medium can be a non-transitory readable storage medium.

[0400] The embodiment of the present application further provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled with the processor. The processor is used to run programs or instructions to realize the processes of the transmission method embodiments and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0401] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiment of the present application can also be referred to as a system chip, a system chip, a chip system or a system on chip, etc.

[0402] The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program / program product, which is stored in a storage medium. The computer program / program product is executed by at least one processor to realize the processes of the transmission method embodiments and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0403] The embodiment of the present application further provides a wireless communication system, which includes a terminal and a network side device. The terminal can be used to execute the steps of the transmission method applied to the terminal. The network side device can be used to execute the steps of the transmission method applied to the network side device.

[0404] It should be noted that, in the present document, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can also include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. An element proceeded by "comprises a", "comprising", or the like does not, without more constraints, preclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. Furthermore, it is to be understood that the methods and apparatuses of the present application can be carried out by specific hardware, by software, or by a combination of hardware and software. It is therefore, contemplated to this patent to cover any and all modifications, variations, or equivalents that fall within the scope of the present application. Accordingly, where a concept can have been illustrated in only one of the exemplary embodiments, various aspects of the concept can be modified and / or combined to produce a variety of other embodiments that are not specifically illustrated. Thus, for purposes of describing the present application, certain aspects of the application can be presented in terms of sequences of actions, but it should be appreciated that these sequences are examples and are not limiting. The sequences of actions could be changed, and other sequences could be implemented. Moreover, it should be appreciated that descriptions, if any, of any aspects of the application using words such as "can", "could", "might", or "can not" are intended to convey that such aspects are optional, and do not necessarily form part of the present application. Furthermore, it should be appreciated that the use of any of the following terms or descriptions should not be interpreted to imply any particular ordering of actions unless specifically described as such. Such terms or descriptions are used to generally describe integrations between or among various features, functions, or the like, for purposes of explanation rather than limitation. Thus, the following terms or descriptions are used to describe various aspects of the present application: "coupled" or "coupling", which includes an electrical, magnetic, electromagnetic, mechanical, or pneumatic connection or link of any kind, directly or indirectly that is not necessarily meant as a direct physical or electrical contact or constant or continuous contact or connection.

[0405] From the above description of the embodiments, it is manifest that the above-described methods of the embodiments can be realized by means of a computer software product and general-purpose hardware platforms, of course, also by hardware. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.), and includes a number of instructions to make the terminal or network side device execute the methods described in various embodiments of the present application.

[0406] The embodiments of the present application are described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments, and the above-described specific embodiments are merely illustrative, rather than limiting. Those skilled in the art can make many forms of embodiments under the inspiration of the present application without departing from the scope of the present application and the scope protected by the claims.

Claims

1. A transmission method, comprising: receiving, by a terminal, first information sent by a network side device; determining, by the terminal, a target modulation mode based on the first information, the target modulation mode being associated with a target artificial intelligence (AI) unit of the network side device for receiving uplink data; sending, by the terminal, the uplink data based on the target modulation mode.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The target modulation mode is used to map a bit sequence into a symbol sequence.

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, Before the terminal receives the first information sent by the network side device, the method further comprises: sending, by the terminal, second information to the network side device, the second information being used to indicate capability information of the terminal for sending uplink data.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, The capability information comprises at least one of: a modulation order supported by the terminal; a modulation mode supported by the terminal; an applicable condition of a modulation mode supported by the terminal.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, In a case where the second information is used to indicate the applicable condition, the second information comprises at least one of: scene information; configuration information; channel quality condition; terminal information.

6. The method of any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The first information is used to indicate at least one of: at least one first modulation mode; a mapping rule of the at least one first modulation mode; The first modulation mode is associated with the target AI unit, and the at least one first modulation mode comprises the target modulation mode.

7. The method of any one of claims 1-5, wherein, Before the terminal receives the first information sent by the network side device, the method further comprises: sending, by the terminal, third information to the network side device, the third information being used to indicate a modulation mode requested by the terminal for sending uplink data.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The first information comprises at least one of: confirmation information used to indicate whether to agree with the request of the third information; an identity of at least one first modulation mode in the modulation mode indicated by the third information, the first modulation mode being associated with the target AI unit, and the at least one first modulation mode comprising the target modulation mode.

9. The method of any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The first information is used to indicate whether a first AI unit supported by the network side device matches a modulation mode reported by the terminal; In a case where the first information indicates that the first AI unit supported by the network side device matches the modulation mode reported by the terminal, the first information further comprises an identity of at least one first modulation mode in the modulation mode reported by the terminal; or In a case where the first information indicates that the first AI unit supported by the network side device does not match the modulation mode reported by the terminal, the first information further comprises related information of a second modulation mode, the second modulation mode being associated with the first AI unit supported by the network side device; or, in a case where the first information indicates that the first AI unit supported by the network side device does not match the modulation mode reported by the terminal, the first information further comprises an identity of a modulation mode that does not match the first AI unit supported by the network side device; The first AI unit comprises the target AI unit, the first modulation mode is associated with the target AI unit, and the at least one first modulation mode comprises the target modulation mode.

10. The method of any one of claims 1-9, wherein, The target AI unit is used for any one of: Demodulation processing; Joint processing of equalization and demodulation; Joint processing of channel estimation, equalization, and demodulation.

11. A transmission method, comprising: a network-side device sending first information to a terminal, the first information being used to determine a target modulation mode, the target modulation mode being associated with a target AI unit used to receive uplink data; the network-side device receiving uplink data based on the target AI unit.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein, the target modulation mode being used to map a bit sequence into a symbol sequence.

13. The method of claim 11 or 12, wherein, Before the network-side device sends the first information to the terminal, the method further comprises: the network-side device receiving second information sent by the terminal, the second information being used to indicate capability information of the terminal for uplink data transmission.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein, the capability information comprising at least one of: a modulation order supported by the terminal; a modulation mode supported by the terminal; an applicable condition of a modulation mode supported by the terminal.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein, In a case where the second information is used to indicate the applicable condition, the second information comprises at least one of: scene information; configuration information; channel quality condition; terminal information.

16. The method of any one of claims 11-15, wherein, the first information being used to indicate at least one of: at least one first modulation mode; a mapping rule of at least one first modulation mode; wherein the first modulation mode is associated with the target AI unit, and the at least one first modulation mode comprises the target modulation mode.

17. The method of any one of claims 11-15, wherein, Before the network-side device sends the first information to the terminal, the method further comprises: the network-side device receiving third information sent by the terminal, the third information being used to indicate a modulation mode requested by the terminal for uplink data transmission; the network-side device determining the target AI unit based on the third information.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein, the first information comprising at least one of: confirmation information, the confirmation information being used to indicate whether to agree with the request of the third information; an identity of at least one first modulation mode in the modulation mode indicated by the third information, the first modulation mode being associated with the target AI unit, and the at least one first modulation mode comprising the target modulation mode.

19. The method of any one of claims 11-18, wherein, the first information being used to indicate whether a first AI unit supported by the network-side device matches a modulation mode reported by the terminal; in a case where the first information indicates that the first AI unit supported by the network-side device matches the modulation mode reported by the terminal, the first information further comprises an identity of at least one first modulation mode in the modulation mode reported by the terminal; or in a case where the first information indicates that the first AI unit supported by the network-side device does not match the modulation mode reported by the terminal, the first information further comprises information of a second modulation mode, the second modulation mode being associated with the first AI unit supported by the network-side device; or, in a case where the first information indicates that the first AI unit supported by the network-side device does not match the modulation mode reported by the terminal, the first information further comprises an identity of a modulation mode that does not match the first AI unit supported by the network-side device. The first AI unit includes the target AI unit, the first modulation mode is associated with the target AI unit, and the at least one first modulation mode includes the target modulation mode.

20. The method of any one of claims 11-18, wherein, Before the network-side device sends the first information to the terminal, the method further includes: In a case where the first information indicates that the first AI unit supported by the network-side device does not match the modulation mode reported by the terminal, the network-side device sends a target request to a target device, the target request being used to request information of a second AI unit that matches the modulation mode reported by the terminal. The second AI unit includes the target AI unit.

21. The method of any one of claims 11-20, wherein, The target AI unit is used for any one of the following: demodulation processing; joint processing of equalization and demodulation; joint processing of channel estimation, equalization, and demodulation.

22. A transmission apparatus, comprising: a receiving module configured to receive first information sent by a network-side device; a processing module configured to determine a target modulation mode based on the first information, the target modulation mode being associated with a target AI unit used by the network-side device to receive uplink data; a sending module configured to send the uplink data based on the target modulation mode.

23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein, The sending module is further configured to: send second information to the network-side device, the second information being used to indicate capability information of a terminal for sending uplink data.

24. The apparatus of claim 22 or 23, wherein, The sending module is further configured to: send third information to the network-side device, the third information being used to indicate a modulation mode requested by the terminal to be used for sending uplink data.

25. A transmission apparatus, comprising: a sending module configured to send first information to a terminal, the first information being used to determine a target modulation mode, the target modulation mode being associated with a target AI unit used to receive uplink data; a receiving module configured to receive the uplink data based on the target AI unit.

26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein, The receiving module is further configured to: receive second information sent by the terminal, the second information being used to indicate capability information of the terminal for sending uplink data.

27. The apparatus of claim 25 or 26, wherein, The receiving module is further configured to receive third information sent by the terminal, the third information being used to indicate a modulation mode requested by the terminal to be used for sending uplink data. The apparatus further includes a processing module configured to determine the target AI unit based on the third information.

28. A terminal, comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing programs or instructions executable on the processor, the programs or instructions being executed by the processor to implement steps of the transmission method according to any one of claims 1-10.

29. A network-side device, comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing programs or instructions executable on the processor, the programs or instructions being executed by the processor to implement steps of the transmission method according to any one of claims 11-21.

30. A readable storage medium, the readable storage medium storing programs or instructions, the programs or instructions being executed by a processor to implement steps of the transmission method according to any one of claims 1-10 or to implement steps of the transmission method according to any one of claims 11-21.

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