CSI transmission over UL mac-ce
By encapsulating CSI reports into UL MAC-CE and transmitting them on PUSCH, the method addresses inefficiencies in 5G NR CSI reporting, enhancing spectrum utilization and reducing processing conflicts, thereby improving network performance.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/099308
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-06-06
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-05
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-11
AI Technical Summary
Current 5G NR systems face inefficiencies in CSI reporting due to the need for dedicated uplink resources and real-time uplink arbitration, leading to inefficient spectrum utilization and increased processing burden, particularly in dynamic channel conditions and multi-carrier scenarios.
A method where CSI reports are encapsulated into an uplink Medium Access Control Control Element (MAC-CE) and transmitted on a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) using a separate UL grant, allowing for more flexible resource allocation and reducing processing conflicts.
This approach enhances spectrum utilization and reduces the processing burden by optimizing resource allocation and minimizing conflicts between CSI reports and other uplink transmissions, improving overall network performance.
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Figure CN2025099308_11122025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
CSI TRANSMISSION OVER UL MAC-CECROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION (S)
[0001] This application claims benefit to U.S. Provisional Application Serial No. 63 / 656, 753, entitled “METHOD OF CSI TRANSMISSION OVER UL MAC-CE” and filed on June 6, 2024, which is expressly incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.BACKGROUNDField
[0002] The present disclosure relates generally to wireless communications, and more particularly, to a method of CSI transmission over UL MAC-CE.Background
[0003] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.
[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasts. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources. Examples of such multiple-access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems.
[0005] These multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different wireless devices to communicate on a municipal, national, regional, and even global level. An example telecommunication standard is 5G New Radio (NR) . 5G NR is part of a continuous mobile broadband evolution promulgated by Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) to meet new requirements associated with latency, reliability, security, scalability (e.g., with Internet of Things (IoT) ) , and other requirements. Some aspects of 5G NR may be based on the 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard. There exists a need for further improvements in 5G NR technology. These improvements may also be applicable to other multi-access technologies and the telecommunication standards that employ these technologies.SUMMARY
[0006] The following presents a simplified summary of one or more aspects in order to provide a basic understanding of such aspects. This summary is not an extensive overview of all contemplated aspects, and is intended to neither identify key or critical elements of all aspects nor delineate the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
[0007] In an aspect of the disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. In an aspect of the disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. The apparatus may be a UE. The UE receives an activation signal for generating a Channel State Information (CSI) report. The UE generates the CSI report based on the activation signal and one or more channel measurements. The UE encapsulates the generated CSI report into an uplink (UL) Medium Access Control Control Element (MAC-CE) . The UE receives a UL grant for a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) transmission. The UL grant is scheduled by a UL Downlink Control Information (DCI) that is separate from the activation signal. The UE transmits the UL MAC-CE containing the CSI report on the PUSCH according to the UL grant.
[0008] To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the one or more aspects comprise the features hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims. The following description and the annexed drawings set forth in detail certain illustrative features of the one or more aspects. These features are indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principles of various aspects may be employed, and this description is intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communications system and an access network.
[0010] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a base station in communication with a UE in an access network.
[0011] FIG. 3 illustrates an example logical architecture of a distributed access network.
[0012] FIG. 4 illustrates an example physical architecture of a distributed access network.
[0013] FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a DL-centric slot.
[0014] FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of an UL-centric slot.
[0015] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the timeline of the A-CSI-RS and A-CSI report.
[0016] FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an arbitrary example.
[0017] FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating L1 multiplexing of CSI.
[0018] FIG. 10 (A) is a diagram illustrating CSI / CLI report over UL MAC-CE.
[0019] FIG. 10 (B) is a diagram illustrating the initial stages of CSI report generation and its subsequent processing at Layer 2.
[0020] FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a UL MAC PDU.
[0021] FIGS. 12 (A) - (D) are diagrams illustrating some examples of MAC subheader.
[0022] FIGS. 13 (A) - (B) are diagrams illustrating CSI computation delay requirements.
[0023] FIG. 14 illustrates a flow chart of a process for CSI transmission over UL MAC-CE.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] The detailed description set forth below in connection with the appended drawings is intended as a description of various configurations and is not intended to represent the only configurations in which the concepts described herein may be practiced. The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of various concepts. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these concepts may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well known structures and components are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring such concepts.
[0025] Several aspects of telecommunications systems will now be presented with reference to various apparatus and methods. These apparatus and methods will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, components, circuits, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as “elements” ) . These elements may be implemented using electronic hardware, computer software, or any combination thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.
[0026] By way of example, an element, or any portion of an element, or any combination of elements may be implemented as a “processing system” that includes one or more processors. Examples of processors include microprocessors, microcontrollers, graphics processing units (GPUs) , central processing units (CPUs) , application processors, digital signal processors (DSPs) , reduced instruction set computing (RISC) processors, systems on a chip (SoC) , baseband processors, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) , programmable logic devices (PLDs) , state machines, gated logic, discrete hardware circuits, and other suitable hardware configured to perform the various functionality described throughout this disclosure. One or more processors in the processing system may execute software. Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software components, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.
[0027] Accordingly, in one or more example aspects, the functions described may be implemented in hardware, software, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or encoded as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes computer storage media. Storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media can comprise a random-access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage, other magnetic storage devices, combinations of the aforementioned types of computer-readable media, or any other medium that can be used to store computer executable code in the form of instructions or data structures that can be accessed by a computer.
[0028] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communications system and an access network 100. The wireless communications system (also referred to as a wireless wide area network (WWAN) ) includes base stations 102, UEs 104, an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) 160, and another core network 190 (e.g., a 5G Core (5GC) ) . The base stations 102 may include macrocells (high power cellular base station) and / or small cells (low power cellular base station) . The macrocells include base stations. The small cells include femtocells, picocells, and microcells.
[0029] The base stations 102 configured for 4G LTE (collectively referred to as Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) ) may interface with the EPC 160 through backhaul links 132 (e.g., SI interface) . The base stations 102 configured for 5G NR (collectively referred to as Next Generation RAN (NG-RAN) ) may interface with core network 190 through backhaul links 184. In addition to other functions, the base stations 102 may perform one or more of the following functions: transfer of user data, radio channel ciphering and deciphering, integrity protection, header compression, mobility control functions (e.g., handover, dual connectivity) , inter cell interference coordination, connection setup and release, load balancing, distribution for non-access stratum (NAS) messages, NAS node selection, synchronization, radio access network (RAN) sharing, multimedia broadcast multicast service (MBMS) , subscriber and equipment trace, RAN information management (RIM) , paging, positioning, and delivery of warning messages. The base stations 102 may communicate directly or indirectly (e.g., through the EPC 160 or core network 190) with each other over backhaul links 134 (e.g., X2 interface) . The backhaul links 134 may be wired or wireless.
[0030] The base stations 102 may wirelessly communicate with the UEs 104. Each of the base stations 102 may provide communication coverage for a respective geographic coverage area 110. There may be overlapping geographic coverage areas 110. For example, the small cell 102’ may have a coverage area 110’ that overlaps the coverage area 110 of one or more macro base stations 102. A network that includes both small cell and macrocells may be known as a heterogeneous network. A heterogeneous network may also include Home Evolved Node Bs (eNBs) (HeNBs) , which may provide service to a restricted group known as a closed subscriber group (CSG) . The communication links 120 between the base stations 102 and the UEs 104 may include uplink (UL) (also referred to as reverse link) transmissions from a UE 104 to a base station 102 and / or downlink (DL) (also referred to as forward link) transmissions from a base station 102 to a UE 104. The communication links 120 may use multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or transmit diversity. The communication links may be through one or more carriers. The base stations 102 / UEs 104 may use spectrum up to 7 MHz (e.g., 5, 10, 15, 20, 100, 400, etc. MHz) bandwidth per carrier allocated in a carrier aggregation of up to a total of Yx MHz (x component carriers) used for transmission in each direction. The carriers may or may not be adjacent to each other. Allocation of carriers may be asymmetric with respect to DL and UL (e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated for DL than for UL) . The component carriers may include a primary component carrier and one or more secondary component carriers. A primary component carrier may be referred to as a primary cell (PCell) and a secondary component carrier may be referred to as a secondary cell (SCell) .
[0031] Certain UEs 104 may communicate with each other using device-to-device (D2D) communication link 158. The D2D communication link 158 may use the DL / UL WWAN spectrum. The D2D communication link 158 may use one or more sidelink channels, such as a physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH) , a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH) , a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) , and a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) . D2D communication may be through a variety of wireless D2D communications systems, such as for example, FlashLinQ, WiMedia, Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi-Fi based on the IEEE 802.11 standard, LTE, or NR.
[0032] The wireless communications system may further include a Wi-Fi access point (AP) 150 in communication with Wi-Fi stations (STAs) 152 via communication links 154 in a 5 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum. When communicating in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, the STAs 152 / AP 150 may perform a clear channel assessment (CCA) prior to communicating in order to determine whether the channel is available.
[0033] The small cell 102’ may operate in a licensed and / or an unlicensed frequency spectrum. When operating in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, the small cell 102’ may employ NR and use the same 5 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum as used by the Wi-Fi AP 150. The small cell 102’ , employing NR in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, may boost coverage to and / or increase capacity of the access network.
[0034] A base station 102, whether a small cell 102’ or a large cell (e.g., macro base station) , may include an eNB, gNodeB (gNB) , or another type of base station. Some base stations, such as gNB 180 may operate in a traditional sub 6 GHz spectrum, in millimeter wave (mmW) frequencies, and / or near mmW frequencies in communication with the UE 104. When the gNB 180 operates in mmW or near mmW frequencies, the gNB 180 may be referred to as an mmW base station. Extremely high frequency (EHF) is part of the RF in the electromagnetic spectrum. EHF has a range of 30 GHz to 300 GHz and a wavelength between 1 millimeter and 10 millimeters. Radio waves in the band may be referred to as a millimeter wave. Near mmW may extend down to a frequency of 3 GHz with a wavelength of 100 millimeters. The super high frequency (SHF) band extends between 3 GHz and 30 GHz, also referred to as centimeter wave. Communications using the mmW / near mmW radio frequency band (e.g., 3 GHz -300 GHz) has extremely high path loss and a short range. The mmW base station 180 may utilize beamforming 182 with the UE 104 to compensate for the extremely high path loss and short range.
[0035] The base station 180 may transmit a beamformed signal to the UE 104 in one or more transmit directions 108a. The UE 104 may receive the beamformed signal from the base station 180 in one or more receive directions 108b. The UE 104 may also transmit a beamformed signal to the base station 180 in one or more transmit directions. The base station 180 may receive the beamformed signal from the UE 104 in one or more receive directions. The base station 180 / UE 104 may perform beam training to determine the best receive and transmit directions for each of the base station 180 / UE 104. The transmit and receive directions for the base station 180 may or may not be the same. The transmit and receive directions for the UE 104 may or may not be the same.
[0036] The EPC 160 may include a Mobility Management Entity (MME) 162, other MMEs 164, a Serving Gateway 166, a Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) Gateway 168, a Broadcast Multicast Service Center (BM-SC) 170, and a Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway 172. The MME 162 may be in communication with a Home Subscriber Server (HSS) 174. The MME 162 is the control node that processes the signaling between the UEs 104 and the EPC 160. Generally, the MME 162 provides bearer and connection management. All user Internet protocol (IP) packets are transferred through the Serving Gateway 166, which itself is connected to the PDN Gateway 172. The PDN Gateway 172 provides UE IP address allocation as well as other functions. The PDN Gateway 172 and the BM-SC 170 are connected to the IP Services 176. The IP Services 176 may include the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) , a PS Streaming Service, and / or other IP services. The BM-SC 170 may provide functions for MBMS user service provisioning and delivery. The BM-SC 170 may serve as an entry point for content provider MBMS transmission, may be used to authorize and initiate MBMS Bearer Services within a public land mobile network (PLMN) , and may be used to schedule MBMS transmissions. The MBMS Gateway 168 may be used to distribute MBMS traffic to the base stations 102 belonging to a Multicast Broadcast Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) area broadcasting a particular service, and may be responsible for session management (start / stop) and for collecting eMBMS related charging information.
[0037] The core network 190 may include a Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 192, other AMFs 193, a location management function (LMF) 198, a Session Management Function (SMF) 194, and a User Plane Function (UPF) 195. The AMF 192 may be in communication with a Unified Data Management (UDM) 196. The AMF 192 is the control node that processes the signaling between the UEs 104 and the core network 190. Generally, the SMF 194 provides QoS flow and session management. All user Internet protocol (IP) packets are transferred through the UPF 195. The UPF 195 provides UE IP address allocation as well as other functions. The UPF 195 is connected to the IP Services 197. The IP Services 197 may include the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) , a PS Streaming Service, and / or other IP services.
[0038] The base station may also be referred to as a gNB, Node B, evolved Node B (eNB) , an access point, a base transceiver station, a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a transceiver function, a basic service set (BSS) , an extended service set (ESS) , a transmit reception point (TRP) , or some other suitable terminology. The base station 102 provides an access point to the EPC 160 or core network 190 for a UE 104. Examples of UEs 104 include a cellular phone, a smart phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a laptop, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a satellite radio, a global positioning system, a multimedia device, a video device, a digital audio player (e.g., MP3 player) , a camera, a game console, a tablet, a smart device, a wearable device, a vehicle, an electric meter, a gas pump, a large or small kitchen appliance, a healthcare device, an implant, a sensor / actuator, a display, or any other similar functioning device. Some of the UEs 104 may be referred to as IoT devices (e.g., parking meter, gas pump, toaster, vehicles, heart monitor, etc. ) . The UE 104 may also be referred to as a station, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a wireless communications device, a remote device, a mobile subscriber station, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a user agent, a mobile client, a client, or some other suitable terminology.
[0039] Although the present disclosure may reference 5G New Radio (NR) , the present disclosure may be applicable to other similar areas, such as LTE, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) , Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) , Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) , or other wireless / radio access technologies.
[0040] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a base station 210 in communication with a UE 250 in an access network. In the DL, IP packets from the EPC 160 may be provided to a controller / processor 275. The controller / processor 275 implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality. Layer 3 includes a radio resource control (RRC) layer, and layer 2 includes a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, and a medium access control (MAC) layer. The controller / processor 275 provides RRC layer functionality associated with broadcasting of system information (e.g., MIB, SIBs) , RRC connection control (e.g., RRC connection paging, RRC connection establishment, RRC connection modification, and RRC connection release) , inter radio access technology (RAT) mobility, and measurement configuration for UE measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression, security (ciphering, deciphering, integrity protection, integrity verification) , and handover support functions; RLC layer functionality associated with the transfer of upper layer packet data units (PDUs) , error correction through ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs) , re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto transport blocks (TBs) , demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction through HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.
[0041] The transmit (TX) processor 216 and the receive (RX) processor 270 implement layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. Layer 1, which includes a physical (PHY) layer, may include error detection on the transport channels, forward error correction (FEC) coding / decoding of the transport channels, interleaving, rate matching, mapping onto physical channels, modulation / demodulation of physical channels, and MIMO antenna processing. The TX processor 216 handles mapping to signal constellations based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) , quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) , M-phase-shift keying (M-PSK) , M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) ) . The coded and modulated symbols may then be split into parallel streams. Each stream may then be mapped to an OFDM subcarrier, multiplexed with a reference signal (e.g., pilot) in the time and / or frequency domain, and then combined together using an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) to produce a physical channel carrying a time domain OFDM symbol stream. The OFDM stream is spatially precoded to produce multiple spatial streams. Channel estimates from a channel estimator 274 may be used to determine the coding and modulation scheme, as well as for spatial processing. The channel estimate may be derived from a reference signal and / or channel condition feedback transmitted by the UE 250. Each spatial stream may then be provided to a different antenna 220 via a separate transmitter 218TX. Each transmitter 218TX may modulate an RF carrier with a respective spatial stream for transmission.
[0042] At the UE 250, each receiver 254RX receives a signal through its respective antenna 252. Each receiver 254RX recovers information modulated onto an RF carrier and provides the information to the receive (RX) processor 256. The TX processor 268 and the RX processor 256 implement layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. The RX processor 256 may perform spatial processing on the information to recover any spatial streams destined for the UE 250. If multiple spatial streams are destined for the UE 250, they may be combined by the RX processor 256 into a single OFDM symbol stream. The RX processor 256 then converts the OFDM symbol stream from the time-domain to the frequency domain using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) . The frequency domain signal comprises a separate OFDM symbol stream for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal. The symbols on each subcarrier, and the reference signal, are recovered and demodulated by determining the most likely signal constellation points transmitted by the base station 210. These soft decisions may be based on channel estimates computed by the channel estimator 258. The soft decisions are then decoded and deinterleaved to recover the data and control signals that were originally transmitted by the base station 210 on the physical channel. The data and control signals are then provided to the controller / processor 259, which implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality.
[0043] The controller / processor 259 can be associated with a memory 260 that stores program codes and data. The memory 260 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller / processor 259 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, deciphering, header decompression, and control signal processing to recover IP packets from the EPC 160. The controller / processor 259 is also responsible for error detection using an ACK and / or NACK protocol to support HARQ operations.
[0044] Similar to the functionality described in connection with the DL transmission by the base station 210, the controller / processor 259 provides RRC layer functionality associated with system information (e.g., MIB, SIBs) acquisition, RRC connections, and measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression, and security (ciphering, deciphering, integrity protection, integrity verification) ; RLC layer functionality associated with the transfer of upper layer PDUs, error correction through ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC SDUs, re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto TBs, demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction through HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.
[0045] Channel estimates derived by a channel estimator 258 from a reference signal or feedback transmitted by the base station 210 may be used by the TX processor 268 to select the appropriate coding and modulation schemes, and to facilitate spatial processing. The spatial streams generated by the TX processor 268 may be provided to different antenna 252 via separate transmitters 254TX. Each transmitter 254TX may modulate an RF carrier with a respective spatial stream for transmission. The UL transmission is processed at the base station 210 in a manner similar to that described in connection with the receiver function at the UE 250. Each receiver 218RX receives a signal through its respective antenna 220. Each receiver 218RX recovers information modulated onto an RF carrier and provides the information to a RX processor 270.
[0046] The controller / processor 275 can be associated with a memory 276 that stores program codes and data. The memory 276 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller / processor 275 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, deciphering, header decompression, control signal processing to recover IP packets from the UE 250. IP packets from the controller / processor 275 may be provided to the EPC 160. The controller / processor 275 is also responsible for error detection using an ACK and / or NACK protocol to support HARQ operations.
[0047] New radio (NR) may refer to radios configured to operate according to a new air interface (e.g., other than Orthogonal Frequency Divisional Multiple Access (OFDMA) -based air interfaces) or fixed transport layer (e.g., other than Internet Protocol (IP) ) . NR may utilize OFDM with a cyclic prefix (CP) on the uplink and downlink and may include support for half-duplex operation using time division duplexing (TDD) . NR may include Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) service targeting wide bandwidth (e.g. 80 MHz beyond) , millimeter wave (mmW) targeting high carrier frequency (e.g. 60 GHz) , massive MTC (mMTC) targeting non-backward compatible MTC techniques, and / or mission critical targeting ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC) service.
[0048] A single component carrier bandwidth of 100 MHz may be supported. In one example, NR resource blocks (RBs) may span 12 sub-carriers with a sub-carrier bandwidth of 60 kHz over a 0.25 ms duration or a bandwidth of 30 kHz over a 0.5 ms duration (similarly, 50MHz BW for 15kHz SCS over a 1 ms duration) . Each radio frame may consist of 10 subframes (10, 20, 40 or 80 NR slots) with a length of 10 ms. Each slot may indicate a link direction (i.e., DL or UL) for data transmission and the link direction for each slot may be dynamically switched. Each slot may include DL / UL data as well as DL / UL control data. UL and DL slots for NR may be as described in more detail below with respect to FIGs. 5 and 6.
[0049] The NR RAN may include a central unit (CU) and distributed units (DUs) . A NR BS (e.g., gNB, 5G Node B, Node B, transmission reception point (TRP) , access point (AP) ) may correspond to one or multiple BSs. NR cells can be configured as access cells (ACells) or data only cells (DCells) . For example, the RAN (e.g., a central unit or distributed unit) can configure the cells. DCells may be cells used for carrier aggregation or dual connectivity and may not be used for initial access, cell selection / reselection, or handover. In some cases DCells may not transmit synchronization signals (SS) in some cases DCells may transmit SS. NR BSs may transmit downlink signals to UEs indicating the cell type. Based on the cell type indication, the UE may communicate with the NR BS. For example, the UE may determine NR BSs to consider for cell selection, access, handover, and / or measurement based on the indicated cell type.
[0050] FIG. 3 illustrates an example logical architecture of a distributed RAN 300, according to aspects of the present disclosure. A 5G access node 306 may include an access node controller (ANC) 302. The ANC may be a central unit (CU) of the distributed RAN. The backhaul interface to the next generation core network (NG-CN) 304 may terminate at the ANC. The backhaul interface to neighboring next generation access nodes (NG-ANs) 310 may terminate at the ANC. The ANC may include one or more TRPs 308 (which may also be referred to as BSs, NR BSs, Node Bs, 5G NBs, APs, or some other term) . As described above, a TRP may be used interchangeably with “cell. ”
[0051] The TRPs 308 may be a distributed unit (DU) . The TRPs may be connected to one ANC (ANC 302) or more than one ANC (not illustrated) . For example, for RAN sharing, radio as a service (RaaS) , and service specific ANC deployments, the TRP may be connected to more than one ANC. A TRP may include one or more antenna ports. The TRPs may be configured to individually (e.g., dynamic selection) or jointly (e.g., joint transmission) serve traffic to a UE.
[0052] The local architecture of the distributed RAN 300 may be used to illustrate fronthaul definition. The architecture may be defined that support fronthauling solutions across different deployment types. For example, the architecture may be based on transmit network capabilities (e.g., bandwidth, latency, and / or jitter) . The architecture may share features and / or components with LTE. According to aspects, the next generation AN (NG-AN) 310 may support dual connectivity with NR. The NG-AN may share a common fronthaul for LTE and NR.
[0053] The architecture may enable cooperation between and among TRPs 308. For example, cooperation may be preset within a TRP and / or across TRPs via the ANC 302. According to aspects, no inter-TRP interface may be needed / present.
[0054] According to aspects, a dynamic configuration of split logical functions may be present within the architecture of the distributed RAN 300. The PDCP, RLC, MAC protocol may be adaptably placed at the ANC or TRP.
[0055] FIG. 4 illustrates an example physical architecture of a distributed RAN 400, according to aspects of the present disclosure. A centralized core network unit (C-CU) 402 may host core network functions. The C-CU may be centrally deployed. C-CU functionality may be offloaded (e.g., to advanced wireless services (AWS) ) , in an effort to handle peak capacity. A centralized RAN unit (C-RU) 404 may host one or more ANC functions. Optionally, the C-RU may host core network functions locally. The C-RU may have distributed deployment. The C-RU may be closer to the network edge. A distributed unit (DU) 406 may host one or more TRPs. The DU may be located at edges of the network with radio frequency (RF) functionality.
[0056] FIG. 5 is a diagram 500 showing an example of a DL-centric slot. The DL-centric slot may include a control portion 502. The control portion 502 may exist in the initial or beginning portion of the DL-centric slot. The control portion 502 may include various scheduling information and / or control information corresponding to various portions of the DL-centric slot. In some configurations, the control portion 502 may be a physical DL control channel (PDCCH) , as indicated in FIG. 5. The DL-centric slot may also include a DL data portion 504. The DL data portion 504 may sometimes be referred to as the payload of the DL-centric slot. The DL data portion 504 may include the communication resources utilized to communicate DL data from the scheduling entity (e.g., UE or BS) to the subordinate entity (e.g., UE) . In some configurations, the DL data portion 504 may be a physical DL shared channel (PDSCH) .
[0057] The DL-centric slot may also include a common UL portion 506. The common UL portion 506 may sometimes be referred to as an UL burst, a common UL burst, and / or various other suitable terms. The common UL portion 506 may include feedback information corresponding to various other portions of the DL-centric slot. For example, the common UL portion 506 may include feedback information corresponding to the control portion 502. Non-limiting examples of feedback information may include an ACK signal, a NACK signal, a HARQ indicator, and / or various other suitable types of information. The common UL portion 506 may include additional or alternative information, such as information pertaining to random access channel (RACH) procedures, scheduling requests (SRs) , and various other suitable types of information.
[0058] As illustrated in FIG. 5, the end of the DL data portion 504 may be separated in time from the beginning of the common UL portion 506. This time separation may sometimes be referred to as a gap, a guard period, a guard interval, and / or various other suitable terms. This separation provides time for the switch-over from DL communication (e.g., reception operation by the subordinate entity (e.g., UE) ) to UL communication (e.g., transmission by the subordinate entity (e.g., UE) ) . One of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the foregoing is merely one example of a DL-centric slot and alternative structures having similar features may exist without necessarily deviating from the aspects described herein.
[0059] FIG. 6 is a diagram 600 showing an example of an UL-centric slot. The UL-centric slot may include a control portion 602. The control portion 602 may exist in the initial or beginning portion of the UL-centric slot. The control portion 602 in FIG. 6 may be similar to the control portion 502 described above with reference to FIG. 5. The UL-centric slot may also include an UL data portion 604. The UL data portion 604 may sometimes be referred to as the pay load of the UL-centric slot. The UL portion may refer to the communication resources utilized to communicate UL data from the subordinate entity (e.g., UE) to the scheduling entity (e.g., UE or BS) . In some configurations, the control portion 602 may be a physical DL control channel (PDCCH) .
[0060] As illustrated in FIG. 6, the end of the control portion 602 may be separated in time from the beginning of the UL data portion 604. This time separation may sometimes be referred to as a gap, guard period, guard interval, and / or various other suitable terms. This separation provides time for the switch-over from DL communication (e.g., reception operation by the scheduling entity) to UL communication (e.g., transmission by the scheduling entity) . The UL-centric slot may also include a common UL portion 606. The common UL portion 606 in FIG. 6 may be similar to the common UL portion 506 described above with reference to FIG. 5. The common UL portion 606 may additionally or alternatively include information pertaining to channel quality indicator (CQI) , sounding reference signals (SRSs) , and various other suitable types of information. One of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the foregoing is merely one example of an UL-centric slot and alternative structures having similar features may exist without necessarily deviating from the aspects described herein.
[0061] In some circumstances, two or more subordinate entities (e.g., UEs) may communicate with each other using sidelink signals. Real-world applications of such sidelink communications may include public safety, proximity services, UE-to-network relaying, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications, Internet of Everything (IoE) communications, IoT communications, mission-critical mesh, and / or various other suitable applications. Generally, a sidelink signal may refer to a signal communicated from one subordinate entity (e.g., UE1) to another subordinate entity (e.g., UE2) without relaying that communication through the scheduling entity (e.g., UE or BS) , even though the scheduling entity may be utilized for scheduling and / or control purposes. In some examples, the sidelink signals may be communicated using a licensed spectrum (unlike wireless local area networks, which typically use an unlicensed spectrum) .
[0062] Channel State Information (CSI) reporting is an important feedback mechanism in modern wireless networks, enabling a User Equipment (UE) to inform the base station about the downlink (DL) channel conditions. CSI reports typically include some metrics. For example, these metrics include: Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) indicating the recommended modulation and coding scheme (MCS) , Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI) indicating optimal beamforming / precoding configurations, and Rank Indicator (RI) indicating the number of spatial layers for Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) transmission. CSI reports allow a base station to adapt transmission parameters dynamically, optimizing spectral efficiency, link reliability, and overall network performance.
[0063] CSI reporting can be categorized into three primary types based on activation and transmission methods, including:(1) Periodic CSI (P-CSI) : CSI Reports are transmitted at fixed intervals via the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) . It can be configured via Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling without dynamic triggering.(2) Semi-Persistent CSI (SP-CSI) : CSI Reports are transmitted periodically (e.g., every 20ms) on either PUCCH or Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) until explicitly deactivated.(3) Aperiodic CSI (A-CSI) : CSI Reporting is triggered dynamically by Downlink Control Information (DCI) , with reports transmitted on PUSCH.
[0064] In current 5G NR systems, the activation and deactivation of A-CSI and SP-CSI over PUSCH is controlled via DCI. Conversely, the activation of P-CSI and SP-CSI reports over PUCCH is managed by Layer 2 (L2) or Layer 3 (L3) signaling.
[0065] Furthermore, Aperiodic CSI Reference Signal (A-CSI-RS) is triggered concurrently with its corresponding report, whereas P-CSI-RS and SP-CSI-RS are triggered independently from their reports.
[0066] The existing CSI reporting mechanisms in 5G NR exhibit some limitations that impact system performance. For example, current implementations require dedicated uplink resources (PUCCH or PUSCH) for CSI transmission, which results in inefficient spectrum utilization under dynamic channel conditions. Additionally, the need for real-time uplink (UL) arbitration at the Physical Layer (Layer 1 or L1) to resolve transmission conflicts between CSI reports and other uplink transmissions, such as Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request Acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK) signals, significantly increases UE processing burden.
[0067] In 5G NR, CSI reporting is governed by some principles, such as triggering mechanism, activation timing, or physical layer constraints. For example, A-CSI is activated via DCI fields, which maps to a RRC configured trigger state list. Each entry in this list associates a CSI report configuration with measurement resources. For A-CSI, the slot offset between triggering DCI and PUSCH transmission is dynamically indicated. The processing timelines between CSI Reference Signal (CSI-RS) measurement and report generation need to be strictly defined.
[0068] FIG. 7 is a diagram 700 illustrating the timeline of the A-CSI-RS and A-CSI report. In an aperiodic scenario, as shown in FIG. 7, an A-CSI request triggers both A-CSI-RS and A-CSI report. The A-CSI request traditionally creates coupled scheduling of reference signals, CSI reports, and dedicated PUSCH resources. Specifically, a base station, such as the base station 102, through DCI 702, may schedule a PUSCH 704 for transmitting A-CSI report. The base station 102 may also schedule A-CSI-RS 706 for measurement via DCI 702. A predetermined slot offset between the DCI 702 and the PUSCH 704 can be configured to provide that a UE, such as the UE 104, has sufficient processing time for measurements and report generation. Notably, although the scheduling may include multiple resource allocations, FIG. 7 illustrates only a single PUSCH scheduling instance for simplicity.
[0069] In this scenario, the PUSCH transmission is not configured with periodic repetitions, and the associated measurement signal is an aperiodic measurement signal (though periodic measurement signals may also be applicable) . This configuration is event-driven and particularly suitable for aperiodic CSI measurement cases.
[0070] A UE, such as the UE 104, is guaranteed a minimum number of symbols to complete the computation. As shown in FIG. 7, parameter Z is defined as the minimum symbol separation between the DCI 702 and the first symbol of the PUSCH 704, while parameter Z' is defined as the minimum symbol separation between the last symbol of the measurement resource, i.e., the A-CSI-RS 706, and the first symbol of the PUSCH, representing the CSI computation delay. The UE completes CSI computation and transmission preparation after receiving DCI. The parameter Z' is to provide adequate UE processing time between measurement and report generation while preventing resource conflicts.
[0071] When the CSI report is a general report containing subband information and involves overlapping multiple measurements, the parameters Z and Z' may provide a relatively relaxed computation time margin to accommodate complex parallel computation requirements.
[0072] However, if the CSI computation involves a single non-parallel task such as a wideband CQI report, the 5G standard imposes stricter processing timelines, requiring more stringent values for Z and Z' in such cases.
[0073] Additionally, referring to FIG. 7, a special case called "quick CSI" exists for latency-sensitive scenarios (e.g., wideband CQI reporting) , such a case may require exceptional handling.
[0074] FIG. 8 is a diagram 800 illustrating an arbitrary example. At L1, the UL arbitration process resolves temporal overlaps between different channels. This arbitration operates in a hard real-time (HRT) processing path, typically within a constrained window of 10-12 symbols preceding uplink transmission. The time constraint exists because a DCI received outside this window may dynamically alter the channel overlap scenario, thereby requiring re-execution of the uplink arbitration procedure.
[0075] A contradiction arises between CSI processing requirements and arbitration timing constraints, as the arbitration decision depends on the CSI report content (including resource requirements) . While CSI measurement and report generation typically require extended processing periods (e.g., tens to hundreds of symbols) and can tolerate non-real-time handling, the UL arbitration process must be completed within an extremely tight time frame in which CSI computation cannot completed.
[0076] The complexity of this hard real-time uplink arbitration is further intensified in scenarios involving multiple component carriers (multi-CC) , a configuration expected to be more prevalent in future networks such as 6G. In multi-CC deployments, the UE must resolve potential transmission overlaps not only within a single carrier but also across multiple carriers simultaneously, significantly increasing the computational burden and the stringency of the timing requirements for the arbitration process. This cross-carrier arbitration adds another layer of difficulty to UE implementation.
[0077] Furthermore, the conventional approach in 5G NR involves multiplexing CSI reports directly onto the physical layer resources (e.g., PUSCH) alongside user data and other control information. This Layer 1 multiplexing requires specific resource elements to be allocated and configured for CSI transmission within the PUSCH structure. The configuration and execution of this L1 multiplexing also fall within the hard real-time processing path, contributing significantly to the overall complexity and processing load that the proposed method seeks to alleviate by shifting CSI transmission to Layer 2 MAC Control Elements. The proposed MAC-CE based approach aims to remove CSI reporting from this complex and time-sensitive L1 arbitration and multiplexing path.
[0078] FIG. 9 is a diagram 900 illustrating L1 multiplexing of CSI. As shown in FIG. 9, at the physical layer, a plurality of resource elements are allocated for PUSCH transmissions. A subset of the resource elements can be used to map the CSI information onto the resource elements. The configuration of the resource element mapping is performed as part of the HRT computation path. Therefore, L1 multiplexing of CSI introduces significant complexity, further complicating uplink scheduling and arbitration operations.
[0079] These challenges are exacerbated in multi-component carrier (multi-CC) deployments, where increasing the number of CCs forces the UE to manage resource conflicts across multiple carriers simultaneously. This amplifies both the complexity and time sensitivity of the arbitration process.
[0080] To address these challenges, this disclosure proposes a channel feedback reporting framework. In the proposed framework, the channel feedback report may include CSI reports and / or Cross-Link Interference (CLI) reports. For clarity and conciseness, the following description will primarily focus on CSI reports as representative examples, unless otherwise specified.
[0081] In this framework, CSI reports are transmitted via UL MAC Control Element (MAC-CE) over a PUSCH. This approach significantly reduces uplink scheduling and arbitration operations required to be performed by the UE at L1. Some implementation processes of this solution share similarities with the 5G standard procedures. For example, a CSI reporting configuration may indicate the generation timing of CSI reports. However, the actual transmission timing of the generated CSI reports may be dynamically scheduled by the network (NW) based on available PUSCH resources. In such cases, no dedicated UL resources need to be allocated for CSI reports. Instead, CSI reports are transmitted on any available PUSCH. This dynamic resource utilization mechanism effectively improves uplink resource utilization efficiency while reducing system scheduling complexity.
[0082] The CSI report may be aperiodic or periodic. Specifically, an A-CSI report may be triggered by a DL DCI, particularly for Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) -based CSI reporting. A periodic CSI report may be skipped under certain conditions, such as when there is no DL traffic or when a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) transmission for CSI acquisition is in progress.
[0083] Additionally, the framework supports UE-initiated beam management. For example, the UE may request beam switching or beam recovery by transmitting an event-triggered beam report. Furthermore, the UE may initiate DMRS-based CSI reporting without requiring explicit network triggering.
[0084] The framework provides a solution for Uplink Control Information (UCI) reporting with minimized UL arbitration. As mentioned above, CSI reports may be transmitted via a UL MAC-CE over a PUSCH. Additionally, CLI reports may also be transmitted via the UL MAC-CE. The implementation of CSI / CLI-over-MAC-CE suppresses complex arbitration involving these reports. By utilizing MAC-CE for CSI / CLI reporting, the proposed approach eliminates the need for complex L1 multiplexing, while benefiting from the robustness and efficiency of HARQ retransmissions.
[0085] Further, as described supra, while CSI computation often involves relatively long and non-HRT processing delays (e.g., potentially tens or hundreds of symbols, as indicated by parameters Z and Z’ in FIG. 7, especially for complex reports) , the conventional approach forces CSI handling, including UL arbitration and L1 multiplexing, into the HRT path which operates under stringent timing constraints (e.g., 10-12 symbols before transmission) . Transmitting CSI as a MAC-CE removes it from this HRT L1 path, aligning the transmission mechanism better with the actual processing latency of CSI generation. Furthermore, by shifting CSI transmission exclusively to PUSCH via MAC-CE, the framework eliminates complexities associated with CSI transmission on PUCCH, including the need for arbitration and configuration related to specific PUCCH formats (e.g., Formats 2, 3, and 4) used for CSI in conventional systems.
[0086] The proposed approach decouples PUSCH scheduling from activation timing, enabling any available PUSCH resource to carry UL MAC-CEs. This eliminates the conventional binding between physical resource scheduling and activation events.
[0087] [Rectified under Rule 91, 02.07.2025]FIG. 10 (A) is a diagram 1000 illustrating CSI / CLI report over UL MAC-CE. In this proposed framework, the activation of reference signals, subsequent measurement processing, and report generation may follow NR standards, while physical resource scheduling for the CSI report transmission is decoupled from these initial triggering processes. Specifically, upon receiving a DCI 1002 with a CSI request field set to value P (an index in the trigger state list) , the UE identifies the associated report configurations and reference signals (such as A-CSI-RS (TriggerState p) shown in FIG. 10 (A) ) , performs measurements, and generates an A-CSI report. The UE then delivers this A-CSI report to its Layer 2 (L2) protocol stack (e.g., MAC layer) for processing and subsequent inclusion in an UL MAC-CE. Similarly, upon receiving a DL MAC-CE 1004 (as depicted in FIG. 10 (A) ) with an SP-CSI request field set to value r (another trigger state index, associated with SP-CSI-RS (TriggerState r) ) , the UE generates an SP-CSI report and delivers it to L2 for processing and inclusion in an UL MAC-CE. This entire process, from triggering by DCI 1002 or DL MAC-CE 1004 to L2 preparation of the MAC-CE, reflects a time-domain separation between the trigger activation (which initiates measurements and report generation) and the eventual, independent PUSCH scheduling for the transmission of the CSI-carrying MAC-CE.
[0088] In Layer 2, the CSI report is encapsulated into a UL MAC-CE, which is multiplexed into an available dynamic grant when Logical Channel Prioritization (LCP) rules permit. The UE may store the generated CSI reports in MAC-CE format until uplink resources are allocated via DCI. During Layer 2 processing, the MAC-CE may be combined with other data to form a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU) , which is then assembled into a Transport Block (TB) . This multiplexing provides proper formatting of the MAC PDU for physical layer transmission while preserving the integrity of each element.
[0089] [Rectified under Rule 91, 02.07.2025]The PUSCH resource onto which the MAC PDU, containing the CSI MAC-CE (such as MAC-CE: A-CSI p 1014 or MAC-CE: SP-CSI r 1016 shown in FIG. 10 (A) ) , is ultimately mapped is scheduled by a separate UL DCI (labeled "UL DCI: PUSCH (s) " in FIG. 10 (A) ) . This UL DCI for the PUSCH grant may arrive at a later time and is independent of the DCI 1002 or DL MAC-CE 1004 that initially triggered the CSI report generation. This independent and potentially delayed scheduling of the PUSCH grant carrying the CSI MAC-CE may alleviates the UE’s Layer 1 arbitration burden and complexity, as the UE does not need to reserve or arbitrate for a PUSCH resource at the time of CSI activation or generation.
[0090] FIG. 10 (B) is a diagram 1050 illustrating the initial stages of CSI report generation and its subsequent processing at Layer 2. This illustration shows the decoupling of Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) scheduling from the CSI activation event and details how both A-CSI and Semi-Persistent CSI (SP-CSI) reports are generated and prepared as UL MAC-CEs without an immediate PUSCH resource being scheduled by their respective activating signals.
[0091] In the A-CSI reporting path shown in FIG. 10 (B) , a DCI message, containing a “CSI Request p” , serves as the trigger. This request p corresponds to an RRC-configured TriggerState p, which defines the A-CSI report configuration and the associated A-CSI Reference Signal (A-CSI-RS) resources. Upon receiving this DCI, the UE utilizes the specified A-CSI-RS (TriggerState p) to perform channel measurements. This activating DCI for A-CSI does not concurrently schedule a PUSCH resource for the transmission of the A-CSI report. This differs from some conventional NR procedures where such coupling might exist.
[0092] Similarly, for SP-CSI reporting, a DL MAC-CE, containing an “SP-CSI Request r” , activates the SP-CSI reporting. This request r maps to an RRC-configured TriggerState r, which specifies the SP-CSI report configuration and the associated SP-CSI-RS resources. The UE then performs measurements using these SP-CSI-RS (TriggerState r) . As with A-CSI, the PUSCH for transmitting the SP-CSI report is not scheduled by this activating DL MAC-CE.
[0093] Following the measurement phase for both A-CSI and SP-CSI, the generated CSI reports are passed to Layer 2 of the UE’s protocol stack. At Layer 2, these CSI reports are processed and encapsulated into one or more UL MAC-CEs, labeled as “Report (s) as an UL MAC-CE” . These CSI-carrying MAC-CEs, potentially along with other data originating from logical channels (indicated as “Data in Logical Channels” ) , are then subject to Transport Block (TB) generation. This TB generation process includes Logical Channel Prioritization (LPC) , where the MAC-CEs and data are multiplexed to form a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU) . The resulting MAC PDU is then prepared for transmission on a PUSCH, which, as previously described referring to FIG. 10 (A) , is scheduled by a separate UL DCI at a potentially later time, independent of the initial CSI activation triggers.
[0094] FIG. 11 is a diagram 1100 illustrating an example of a UL MAC PDU. As shown in FIG. 11, a UL MAC PDU may include one or more MAC subPDUs, each encapsulated with a corresponding MAC subheader. The MAC subheader corresponds to a payload type, including: a MAC service data unit (SDU) for user data transmission, a MAC CE for signaling control information, and padding for byte alignment. Overheads associated with the MAC-CE include a header field and padding adjusted to a predefined byte size (L) . The overheads may be supplemented by a codeblock (CB) -level cyclic redundancy check (CRC) . For fixed-size MAC-CEs, such as a Short Buffer Status Report (BSR) , the header is constrained to one byte containing reserved (R) , format (F) , and logical channel identifier (LCID) fields.
[0095] At the receiving side, the gNB determines the expected payload length based on the R / F / LCID header configuration. The fixed byte size (L) may be dynamically configurable via RRC signaling where specific LCID values are assigned to select among predefined size options. For variable-length MAC-CEs, such as a Long BSR, the header extends to two or more bytes to incorporate an additional length (L) field alongside the R / F / LCID fields, thereby enabling explicit indication of the MAC-CE payload dimension.
[0096] This distinction between fixed-size and variable-size MAC Control Elements, along with their corresponding header structures (e.g., with or without an explicit Length field) , forms the basis for defining specific MAC-CE formats suitable for carrying different types of Channel State Information reports. The choice of header format for a CSI MAC-CE can be optimized based on whether the size of the CSI report payload is predictable by the network (gNB) or if it varies based on measurement outcomes or potential truncation, impacting protocol overhead and flexibility as detailed in subsequent sections.
[0097] FIGS. 12 (A) - (D) are diagrams 1200, 1220, 1240 and 1260 illustrating some examples of MAC subheader. As showin in FIGS. 12 (A) - (D) , the subheader format may vary based on CSI priority, complexity, and payload size requirements. For instance, FIG. 12 (A) illustrates three examples of the subheader, including two octets (Oct, 8-bit bytes) , three octets and four octets, respectively.
[0098] As shown in FIG. 12 (B) , for high-priority CSI reports requiring frequent transmission with minimal overhead, the subheader includes an octet (first octet, Oct1) containing reserved (R, 1 bit) , format (F, 1 bit) , and LCID fields (6 bits) . The LCID field indicates the high-priority CSI, and the payload length is predictable and predefined based on R / F / LCID mappings known to both the UE and the gNB.
[0099] As shown in FIG. 12 (C) , for complex CSI reports necessitating extended identification, the subheader expands to include a second octet (Oct2) designated as an extended LCID (eLCID) field, appended to Oct1. While the LCID indicates the MAC-CE type of CSI report, the eLCID provides additional granularity to indicate the identify the CSI report. The payload length remains predictable and predefined.
[0100] As shown in FIG. 12 (D) , for dynamically sized CSI reports subject to measurement variability or truncation, the subheader further incorporates a third octet (Oct3) containing a length (L) field, appended to Oct1 and Oct2. The L field explicitly specifies the variable payload size, enabling the gNB to decode non-predefined CSI report dimensions.
[0101] [Rectified under Rule 91, 02.07.2025]An example MAC PDU is illustrated in FIG. 10 (A) and FIG. 10 (B) . The example MAC PDU includes an MAC-CE 1012 for BSR, an MAC-CE 1014 for A-CSI, an MAC-CE 1016 for SP-CSI, an MAC SDU 1018 representing Layer 2 input data, and padding bits 1020 which achieve the predetermined transport block size requirement.
[0102] Notably, the specific composition and arrangement of these components within the transport block remains transparent to Layer 1 processing elements. As a result, for the physical layer, it may process the payload transparently without distinguishing between data payloads and control elements containing CSI information.
[0103] For the scheduling of PUSCH, transport block encoding may follow PUSCH grant specifications. The transport block encoding process is configured such that the parameters specified in the PUSCH grant are applied without dependency on uplink arbitration by the UE. PUSCH for report transmission may be dynamically selected based on arriving grants. A separate UL DCI at a later time may schedule the PUSCH transmission without requiring UE-side uplink arbitration. This late-stage scheduling provides that the PUSCH allocation occurs proximate in time to the uplink DCI transmission, while the associated activation signaling may be transmitted in advance. This enables base station-controlled scheduling decisions while reducing UE implementation complexity.
[0104] The present disclosure provides some operational modes for DCI functionality. In a first mode, the DCI activates a CSI report transmission without scheduling an associated PUSCH resource. In a second mode, the DCI concurrently schedules a PUSCH resource while activating the CSI report.
[0105] Notably, any subsequent mapping of an MAC-CE containing the CSI report onto a PUSCH is decoupled from the scheduling DCI's activation function. The MAC-CE mapping is determined exclusively by temporal suitability of the granted PUSCH resource for report preparation; and LCP rules permitting inclusion of the report in the TB.
[0106] This relationship independence provides that the scheduling DCI neither restricts nor mandates MAC-CE mapping. That is, the PUSCH grant's suitability is evaluated independently of the activating DCI's scheduling status.
[0107] [Rectified under Rule 91, 02.07.2025]For semi-persistent CSI (SP-CSI) configurations, an initial trigger, such as a DL MAC-CE as depicted for SP-CSI activation in FIG. 10 (A) and FIG. 10 (B) , or potentially a DCI, activates the periodic generation of CSI reports by the UE. These generated SP-CSI reports are then encapsulated as UL MAC-CEs. Parameters defining the periodicity and slot offset for this SP-CSI report generation are typically configured by RRC signaling and are referenced by the activating signal. The PUSCH resource that eventually carries the SP-CSI MAC-CE is scheduled independently by a separate, subsequent UL DCI and is not intrinsically linked to or pre-allocated by the initial SP-CSI activation signal.
[0108] Although the proposed approach introduces additional overhead (e.g., 1-2-byte MAC-CE headers and 0-7-bit padding requirements, notably for small payloads like 4-bit CSI reports transmitted via standard 2-byte MAC-CE structures) , this overhead is partially offset by higher-order modulation and coding schemes (MCS) . The primary advantage of the proposed approach lies in that it significantly reduces specification and design complexity by reusing existing L2 functionality. Furthermore, HRT processing load is substantially relaxed as CSI multiplexing with data no longer impacts PUSCH configuration. Additionally, the system eliminates the need for arbitration between Scheduling Request (SR) / SRS transmissions and PUCCH carrying CSI. Arbitration and configuration related to PUCCH Formats 2, 3, and 4 (Format 2 for small payloads, Format 3 for medium payloads, and Format 4 for high-capacity multi-bit feedback) are rendered unnecessary, as both CSI and HARQ Acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK) information are exclusively transmitted via PUSCH. The implementation also benefits from the inherent of PUSCH transmission.
[0109] The system supports flexible scheduling of A-CSI-RS. Specifically, A-CSI-RS may be scheduled independently of associated PUSCH resource allocation for A-CSI reporting. Alternatively, A-CSI-RS may be scheduled concurrently with corresponding PUSCH resource allocation.
[0110] Higher-layer signaling (e.g., RRC) or DCI may indicate whether a specific PUSCH can carry CSI reports. For example, the specific PUSCH prioritizes UL Shared Channel (UL-SCH) data transmission.
[0111] In certain implementations, when multiple AP or SP CSI reports are triggered by a single DCI or DL MAC-CE, these reports are multiplexed into the same UL MAC-CE. Alternatively, separately triggered CSI reports may be transmitted in distinct UL MAC-CEs, which can be carried by either the same or different PUSCHs.
[0112] If no UL resources are available for transmission within a predefined duration, pending CSI reports may be dropped. This mechanism is particularly applicable in scenarios involving abrupt channel variations (e.g., beam failure) , where stale reports are dropped to allow for fresh measurement triggering.
[0113] CSI UL MAC-CE transmission priority is dynamically determined based on a predefined parameter subset. The subset may include: CSI codepoint, CSI-report-ID, serving cell, Report type, content category. Some or all of these parameters may be indicated in the MAC-CE header or sub-header fields.
[0114] The UL DCI may include a dedicated control field configured to inhibit the mapping of UL MAC-CEs to the associated PUSCH grant. At Layer 2, the multiplexing logic is responsive to the DCI control fields. A specific indicator may be introduced to prevent the mapping of CSI onto the PUSCH resources. This prioritization mechanism operates as an inhibition function within the transport block generation process.
[0115] In certain implementations, a UL MAC-CE containing CSI is assigned a lower priority than a BSR. In certain implementations, a UL MAC-CE containing CSI is assigned a higher or lower priority than UL-SCH data. In certain implementations, the DCI indicates whether CSI MAC-CE or UL-SCH has higher priority during TB generation for a dynamic grant. In certain implementations, A-CSI reporting may be triggered based on DMRS-based measurements.
[0116] The prioritization hierarchy operates as follows:(a) A-CSI reports derived from CSI-based or DMRS-based measurements are assigned higher priority than P / SP-CSI reports when the report types differ;(b) For identical report types, CSI containing Layer 1 Reference Signal Received Power (L1-RSRP) or Layer 1 Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (L1-SINR) measurements is prioritized over other CSI content categories;(c) When priority parameters otherwise match, reports associated with lower-numbered serving cells and lower report IDs receive higher transmission priority.
[0117] As illustrated in FIG. 12 (B) - (D) , the LCID field may utilize a 1 or 2-bit codepoint to explicitly indicate CSI report priority. The inclusion of the Length (L) field is selective based on payload determinism: it may be omitted when it is predictable or predefined (e.g., the physical layer provides predetermined length information to the MAC layer) , but is included when the report size is variable due to measurement-dependent outcomes or truncation requirements. Notably, a zero-length value may be encoded in the header to represent specific reporting conditions. This adaptive length indication mechanism reduces protocol overhead while maintaining flexibility for variable-content CSI reports.
[0118] FIGS. 13 (A) - (B) are diagrams 1300 and 1350 illustrating CSI computation delay requirements. The proposed approach provides flexible mechanisms for managing CSI computation delays while accommodating varying implementation constraints.
[0119] Each CSI MAC-CE transmission is governed by specific computational delay requirements measured from the last relevant CSI Reference Signal (CSI-RS) resource. The system introduces different probability (P) thresholds to accommodate these requirements. For example, the delay requirement is configured to be met with either: (i) absolute certainty (P=100%) for mission-critical applications requiring HRT performance; or (ii) high probability (e.g., P=95%) for scenarios where soft real-time constraints are acceptable, thereby relaxing UE implementation complexity.
[0120] The required probability threshold varies according to the stringency of the delay values. Specifically, when operating under a first set of stricter delay values, the system enforces compliance with a first probability P1, while for less stringent delay values, compliance with a second probability P2 (P2 ≠ P1) is permitted. This tiered approach enables optimal balance between reliability and implementation flexibility.
[0121] In existing NR standards, the UE processing timelines Z1, Z2, and Z3 inherently accommodate operational variables including computational complexity and parallel processing constraints. The proposed approach maintains compliance with these standardized parameters while introducing supplemental probabilistic compliance metrics to enhance the existing framework.
[0122] When implementing autonomous scheduling of CSI reports through MAC-CEs, the UE may use early UL grants before completing full CSI computation. While this autonomous operation reduces gNB scheduling overhead, it may introduce ambiguity in CSI report management. To address this trade-off between UE flexibility and network control, the disclosure introduces complementary coordination mechanisms.
[0123] In certain implementations, the UL scheduling DCI may include a dedicated flag field (e.g., a binary indicator) that explicitly governs the inclusion of CSI MAC-CEs in the scheduled UL transmission. This MAC-layer indicator operates as follows:(1) When asserted, it mandates LCP rules to permit CSI MAC-CE multiplexing; and(2) When deasserted, it prohibits CSI MAC-CE inclusion regardless of UE readiness.
[0124] This complementary coordination mechanism maintains gNB scheduling authority while preserving UE's computational autonomy, achieving balance between network efficiency and UE flexibility.
[0125] In certain implementations, dynamic flushing function may be provided for pending CSI reports through DCI signaling. When activated by a specific DCI field, this function clears all buffered CSI MAC-CEs at the UE, particularly following rapid channel condition changes that render accumulated CSI measurements obsolete. The flushing mechanism enhances link adaptation responsiveness by eliminating stale CSI prior to new measurement cycles.
[0126] These complementary control features operate in conjunction with the autonomous CSI reporting framework, maintaining essential gNB control capabilities while preserving UE implementation flexibility.
[0127] The disclosure also proposes a hybrid CSI reporting framework that selectively transmits CSI either at Layer 1 or Layer 2 based on dynamic operational conditions. The system establishes configurable criteria for determining the appropriate transmission layer, balancing latency requirements with protocol efficiency.
[0128] In the proposed approach, CSI reports are normally transmitted as MAC-CEs at Layer 2, with exceptional cases routed to Layer 1 transmission when specific conditions are met. The Layer 1 transmission may occur either via PUCCH or PUSCH.
[0129] The selection of Layer-1 CSI report transmission may be determined based on at least one of the following conditions: (i) explicit indication via DCI, (ii) absence of overlap with other CSI computations based on specified CSI computation delays, (iii) absence of overlap with inner-loop CSI report computations based on specified delay requirements, (iv) the CSI report content and / or associated CSI resource being of a predetermined type, or (v) the CSI computation delay being below a configured threshold.
[0130] In certain implementations, all CSI reports may be transmitted exclusively as MAC-CE without exception, adhering to the primary proposed framework. However, in other implementations providing a hybrid approach, Layer-1 CSI report transmission may be selectively applied if the CSI report content is of a predetermined type, such as for wideband CQI reports. Furthermore, Layer-1 transmission might be selected if there is no expected overlap with other inner-loop CSI-report computations, based on specified CSI computation delays, rather than applying it to all inner-loop CSI reports categorically.
[0131] Additionally, when Layer-1 CSI report transmission is selected as an exception, it may occur via PUCCH or PUSCH, corresponding to one alternative for Layer-1 transmission. In another alternative for Layer-1 transmission, such transmission is conveyed exclusively over PUSCH resources, typically scheduled by DCI. The specific choice between PUCCH and PUSCH in the first alternative depends on the system configuration for these exceptional Layer-1 transmissions.
[0132] In certain implementations, when a CSI report is transmitted at Layer-1 over the PUSCH, the CSI report is either transmitted independently in a manner analogous to CSI-over-PUSCH in NR or multiplexed with data at the Resource Element (RE) level.
[0133] FIG. 14 illustrates a flow chart 1400 of a process for CSI transmission over UL MAC-CE.This process involves interactions between a network (NW) and a UE (e.g., the UE 104) through a base station (e.g., the base station 102) .
[0134] At block 1402, the UE receives an activation signal for generating a Channel State Information (CSI) report.
[0135] Next, at block 1404, the UE generates the CSI report based on the activation signal and one or more channel measurements.
[0136] Subsequently, at block 1406, the UE encapsulates the generated CSI report into an uplink (UL) Medium Access Control Control Element (MAC-CE) .
[0137] At block 1408, the UE receives a UL grant for a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) transmission. The UL grant is scheduled by a UL Downlink Control Information (DCI) that is separate from the activation signal.
[0138] At block 1410, the UE transmits the UL MAC-CE containing the CSI report on the PUSCH according to the UL grant.
[0139] In certain configurations, the activation signal may include a DCI for an Aperiodic CSI (A-CSI) report.
[0140] In certain configurations, the DCI for the A-CSI report may include a request corresponding to an Aperiodic CSI (A-CSI) TriggerState, the A-CSI TriggerState defining an A-CSI report configuration and associated A-CSI measurement resources.
[0141] In certain configurations, the DCI for the A-CSI report may not concurrently schedule a PUSCH resource for transmission of the A-CSI report.
[0142] In certain configurations, the activation signal may include a downlink (DL) MAC-CE for a Semi-Persistent CSI (SP-CSI) report.
[0143] In certain configurations, the DL MAC-CE for the SP-CSI report may include a request corresponding to a Semi-Persistent CSI (SP-CSI) TriggerState, the SP-CSI TriggerState defining an SP-CSI report configuration and associated SP-CSI measurement resources.
[0144] In certain configurations, the DL MAC-CE for the SP-CSI report may not concurrently schedule a PUSCH resource for transmission of the SP-CSI report.
[0145] In certain configurations, if multiple CSI reports are triggered by a same activation signal, the multiple CSI reports may be multiplexed into a single UL MAC-CE.
[0146] In certain configurations, the UL MAC-CE may include a MAC subheader and the CSI report may form a payload of the UL MAC-CE. For example, the MAC subheader for the UL MAC-CE carrying the CSI report may not include a length field if a length of the CSI report is predictable by a network entity. Alternatively, the MAC subheader for the UL MAC-CE carrying the CSI report may include a length field if a length of the CSI report is variable.
[0147] In certain configurations, the MAC subheader may include a Logical Channel Identifier (LCID) field, and optionally an extended LCID (eLCID) field.
[0148] In certain configurations, a zero length for the CSI report may be encoded in the MAC subheader.
[0149] In certain configurations, the UL MAC-CE containing the CSI report may become available for transmission within a specific CSI computation delay, measured from a last relevant CSI Reference Signal (CSI-RS) resource, with a predetermined probability.
[0150] In certain configurations, the predetermined probability may be less than 100%when the specific CSI computation delay is below a threshold value. Alternatively, the predetermined probability may be 100%when the specific CSI computation delay is at or above the threshold value.
[0151] In certain configurations, the UE may further include: dropping the UL MAC-CE containing the CSI report if no UL grant is received for its transmission within a predefined duration.
[0152] In certain configurations, the UE may further include: determining a priority for transmitting the UL MAC-CE based on at least one of: a CSI codepoint, a CSI-report-ID, a serving cell identifier, a reportType of the CSI report, or a category of content of the CSI report.
[0153] In certain configurations, an Aperiodic CSI (A-CSI) report may have higher priority than a Periodic CSI (P-CSI) report or a Semi-Persistent CSI (SP-CSI) report. Alternatively or additionally, a CSI report containing Layer 1 Reference Signal Received Power (L1-RSRP) or Layer 1 Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (L1-SINR) measurements may have higher priority than other CSI report content categories when report types are identical. When priority parameters otherwise match, reports associated with lower-numbered serving cells and lower report IDs may receive higher transmission priority.
[0154] In certain configurations, the UE may further include: receiving an indication, in Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling or in the UL DCI scheduling the PUSCH, whether the UL MAC-CE containing the CSI report is permitted to be transmitted on the PUSCH.
[0155] In certain configurations, the UL DCI scheduling the PUSCH may include a flag indicating whether transmission of the UL MAC-CE containing the CSI report on the PUSCH is enabled or disabled.
[0156] In certain configurations, the UE may further include: receiving a DCI commanding flushing of one or more buffered UL MAC-CEs containing CSI reports.
[0157] In certain configurations, the UE may further include: as an exception to encapsulating the CSI report into the UL MAC-CE, transmitting certain CSI reports at Layer 1 (L1) based on at least one predetermined condition.
[0158] In certain configurations, the at least one predetermined condition may include one or more of: an explicit indication in a DCI; a CSI computation delay associated with the CSI report being below a threshold value; a content of the CSI report being of a predetermined type; or no expected overlap with other CSI computations.
[0159] In certain configurations, the L1 transmission may be over a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) or the PUSCH.
[0160] It is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of blocks in the processes / flowcharts disclosed is an illustration of exemplary approaches. Based upon design preferences, it is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of blocks in the processes / flowcharts may be rearranged. Further, some blocks may be combined or omitted. The accompanying method claims present elements of the various blocks in a sample order, and are not meant to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.
[0161] The previous description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. Thus, the claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but is to be accorded the full scope consistent with the language claims, wherein reference to an element in the singular is not intended to mean “one and only one” unless specifically so stated, but rather “one or more. ” The word “exemplary” is used herein to mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration. ” Any aspect described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term “some” refers to one or more. Combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C, ” “one or more of A, B, or C, ” “at least one of A, B, and C, ” “one or more of A, B, and C, ” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” include any combination of A, B, and / or C, and may include multiples of A, multiples of B, or multiples of C. Specifically, combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C, ” “one or more of A, B, or C, ” “at least one of A, B, and C, ” “one or more of A, B, and C, ” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” may be A only, B only, C only, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C, where any such combinations may contain one or more member or members of A, B, or C. All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various aspects described throughout this disclosure that are known or later come to be known to those of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be encompassed by the claims. Moreover, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims. The words “module, ” “mechanism, ” “element, ” “device, ” and the like may not be a substitute for the word “means. ” As such, no claim element is to be construed as a means plus function unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase “means for. ”
Claims
1.A method of wireless communication of a user equipment (UE) , comprising:receiving an activation signal for generating a Channel State Information (CSI) report;generating the CSI report based on the activation signal and one or more channel measurements;encapsulating the generated CSI report into an uplink (UL) Medium Access Control Control Element (MAC-CE) ;receiving a UL grant for a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) transmission, wherein the UL grant is scheduled by a UL Downlink Control Information (DCI) that is separate from the activation signal; andtransmitting the UL MAC-CE containing the CSI report on the PUSCH according to the UL grant.2.The method of claim 1, wherein the activation signal comprises a DCI for an Aperiodic CSI (A-CSI) report.3.The method of claim 2, wherein the DCI for the A-CSI report includes a request corresponding to an Aperiodic CSI (A-CSI) TriggerState, the A-CSI TriggerState defining an A-CSI report configuration and associated A-CSI measurement resources.4.The method of claim 3, wherein the DCI for the A-CSI report does not concurrently schedule a PUSCH resource for transmission of the A-CSI report.5.The method of claim 1, wherein the activation signal comprises a downlink (DL) MAC-CE for a Semi-Persistent CSI (SP-CSI) report.6.The method of claim 5, wherein the DL MAC-CE for the SP-CSI report includes a request corresponding to a Semi-Persistent CSI (SP-CSI) TriggerState, the SP-CSI TriggerState defining an SP-CSI report configuration and associated SP-CSI measurement resources.7.The method of claim 6, wherein the DL MAC-CE for the SP-CSI report does not concurrently schedule a PUSCH resource for transmission of the SP-CSI report.8.The method of claim 1, wherein, if multiple CSI reports are triggered by a same activation signal, said multiple CSI reports are multiplexed into a single UL MAC-CE.9.The method of claim 1, wherein the UL MAC-CE comprises a MAC subheader and the CSI report forms a payload of the UL MAC-CE, and wherein:the MAC subheader for the UL MAC-CE carrying the CSI report does not include a length field if a length of the CSI report is predictable by a network entity; andthe MAC subheader for the UL MAC-CE carrying the CSI report includes a length field if a length of the CSI report is variable.10.The method of claim 9, wherein the MAC subheader includes a Logical Channel Identifier (LCID) field, and optionally an extended LCID (eLCID) field.11.The method of claim 9, wherein a zero length for the CSI report is encoded in the MAC subheader.12.The method of claim 1, wherein the UL MAC-CE containing the CSI report becomes available for transmission within a specific CSI computation delay, measured from a last relevant CSI Reference Signal (CSI-RS) resource, with a predetermined probability.13.The method of claim 12, wherein the predetermined probability is less than 100%when the specific CSI computation delay is below a threshold value, and the predetermined probability is 100%when the specific CSI computation delay is at or above the threshold value.14.The method of claim 1, further comprising dropping the UL MAC-CE containing the CSI report if no UL grant is received for its transmission within a predefined duration.15.The method of claim 1, further comprising determining a priority for transmitting the UL MAC-CE based on at least one of: a CSI codepoint, a CSI-report-ID, a serving cell identifier, a reportType of the CSI report, or a category of content of the CSI report.16.The method of claim 15, wherein:an Aperiodic CSI (A-CSI) report has higher priority than a Periodic CSI (P-CSI) report or a Semi-Persistent CSI (SP-CSI) report;a CSI report containing Layer 1 Reference Signal Received Power (L1-RSRP) or Layer 1 Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (L1-SINR) measurements has higher priority than other CSI report content categories when report types are identical; andwhen priority parameters otherwise match, reports associated with lower-numbered serving cells and lower report IDs receive higher transmission priority.17.The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving an indication, in Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling or in the UL DCI scheduling the PUSCH, whether the UL MAC-CE containing the CSI report is permitted to be transmitted on the PUSCH.18.The method of claim 1, wherein the UL DCI scheduling the PUSCH includes a flag indicating whether transmission of the UL MAC-CE containing the CSI report on the PUSCH is enabled or disabled.19.The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving a DCI commanding flushing of one or more buffered UL MAC-CEs containing CSI reports.20.The method of claim 1, further comprising, as an exception to encapsulating the CSI report into the UL MAC-CE, transmitting certain CSI reports at Layer 1 (L1) based on at least one predetermined condition.21.The method of claim 20, wherein the at least one predetermined condition comprises one or more of:an explicit indication in a DCI;a CSI computation delay associated with the CSI report being below a threshold value;a content of the CSI report being of a predetermined type; orno expected overlap with other CSI computations.22.The method of claim 20, wherein the L1 transmission is over a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) or the PUSCH.23.An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus being a user equipment (UE) , comprising:a memory; andat least one processor coupled to the memory and configured to:receive an activation signal for generating a Channel State Information (CSI) report;generate the CSI report based on the activation signal and one or more channel measurements;encapsulate the generated CSI report into an uplink (UL) Medium Access Control Control Element (MAC-CE) ;receive a UL grant for a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) transmission, wherein the UL grant is scheduled by a UL Downlink Control Information (DCI) that is separate from the activation signal; andtransmit the UL MAC-CE containing the CSI report on the PUSCH according to the UL grant.24.A computer-readable medium storing computer executable code for wireless communication of a user equipment (UE) , comprising code to:receive an activation signal for generating a Channel State Information (CSI) report;generate the CSI report based on the activation signal and one or more channel measurements;encapsulate the generated CSI report into an uplink (UL) Medium Access Control Control Element (MAC-CE) ;receive a UL grant for a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) transmission, wherein the UL grant is scheduled by a UL Downlink Control Information (DCI) that is separate from the activation signal; andtransmit the UL MAC-CE containing the CSI report on the PUSCH according to the UL grant.
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