Guide for autologous sheet graft

Abstract

The present invention relates to a guide for an autologous bone graft, in a printed model of a jaw (1) of a patient, which comprises a stop (3) formed by a perforated plate, from which support projections (4,5,6) emerge for supporting the alveolar bone of the patient's jaw or maxillary, which define through holes between the projections (4,5,6), the stop (3) having respective grooves (31) on the sides of the projections (4,5,6) to support the sheets (0). The invention may comprise brackets (2) that can be attached to the printed model, facing the grooves or a screw hole (32) for screwing to the teeth.

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION

[0002] Guide for autologous leaf grafting

[0003] OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

[0004] The invention, as the title of this descriptive document states, is a guide for an autologous bone graft in sheets for oral surgery and implantology. It is an innovation that, within current techniques, offers advantages previously unknown.

[0005] The present invention has its field of application within the field of stomatology and dentistry, and especially implantology.

[0006] STATE OF THE ART

[0007] Dental implants are the best way to replace missing teeth, as they allow for the creation of fixed prostheses. Currently, it is very common for dentists specializing in surgery and implantology to find that there is insufficient bone to place implants and must perform bone augmentation procedures prior to their placement. These surgeries are often complex and require considerable skill and extensive training.

[0008] For some years now, there has been a specific technique for bone augmentation in implantology that is very safe and predictable; however, it is very complex to perform. This technique consists of augmenting bone using cortical bone slices, approximately 1 mm thick, taken from the patient's own bone or from allogeneic or xenogeneic sources. These slices are placed in a specific way in the bone defect, creating a kind of "scaffold" or shield, one facing the other, parallel to each other. Within the space created by these slices, specific bone obtained from the patient ("autologous bone chips") is placed. Over the course of several months, this bone regenerates, allowing for the placement of the implants.

[0009] Because this technique is quite complex, many dentists cannot offer it to their patients due to the difficulty of stabilizing these plates intraorally. The challenge lies in stabilizing the plates, one on top of the other, keeping them parallel and completely immobile, to create the space needed to place the particulate bone and allow for bone regeneration in the patient.

[0010] Currently, there is no known device that has structural and constitutive technical characteristics equal to or similar to those described and claimed in this descriptive report.

[0011] DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] The present invention relates to a guide for grafting on autologous sheets that provides a notable innovation within its field of application, the characterizing details that make it possible being conveniently included in the final claims that accompany this description.

[0013] The guide for bone plates of the invention is specially designed for use when there is a “vertical” lack of bone, that is, when there is a missing space in the alveolar part of the bone that needs to be addressed vertically.

[0014] The autologous graft guide is first placed on a biocompatible, sterilizable, printed model of the patient's bone defect area to stabilize the bone grafts intraorally. This printed bone model of the defect includes four supports positioned on either side of the bone defect area (maxillary or mandibular), arranged in pairs to support the bone grafts. The guide has a stop at the top with support protrusions on the alveolar bone, positioned against the space defined by the supports to prevent the grafts from dislodging. These protrusions help stabilize the grafts so that the necessary holes can be drilled for the screws, joining the two grafts. This allows them to be stabilized extraorally (outside the mouth) so that, once joined, they can be transported to the mouth and stabilized much more easily and safely.In addition, the guide stop has a hole in the back, which allows the placement of a screw to give more stability to the stop, fixed in the rear alveolar part of the defect area, so that during the drilling of the sheets, neither the stop nor the sheets move in the printed model of the defect.

[0015] Furthermore, the guide will be used to move the veneers into the mouth (to the intraoral area of ​​the defect) once they are stabilized outside the mouth, allowing them to be fixed to the patient's bone and positioned correctly. Additionally, when using the stop in the mouth to complete the fixation of the veneers, the guide will help stabilize them, preventing movement during the screw fixation process. Once the veneers are fixed to the bone, the stop will be removed, and the formwork, containing the patient's autologous bone chips, can be filled.

[0016] Other ways of carrying out the invention are shown below.

[0017] EXPLANATION OF THE FIGURES

[0018] To complete the description being made and in order to help in the better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, a section of drawings is presented where, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented.

[0019] Figure 1 is a top view of an example of embodiment, on a model of the jaw.

[0020] Figure 2 is a side view of the previous example, in the jaw model.

[0021] Figure 3 is a side view of a second embodiment, already placed on the patient's jaw.

[0022] PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

[0023] Figure 1 shows an example of an application of the invention, depicting a mandible (1), in this case the lower mandible, of a patient who will receive a bone graft prior to the placement of dental implants, since without increasing the bone volume, the implant cannot be placed or secured. These areas are therefore reinforced with bone plates and chips made from the patient's own bone.

[0024] The solution involves placing a series of supports (2) fixed to stable points on the mandibular model (1), outside the area to be regenerated. These supports (2) have a standardized shape, with three sides (two lateral and one basal), positioned individually for each patient, but with a length determined by the bone deficit present in each patient. The supports are L-shaped (cornered), with an optional base that joins with this L-shape to close the bottom. The supports (2) are trihedral in shape (three approximately orthogonal planes) and will be used to prevent the bone plate (0) from moving in a cranial, lateral, or caudal direction. To this end, they allow the plate to rest on the support. The supports (2) will be positioned in pairs on either side of the mandibular model (1), so that the plates (0) can be positioned straight and parallel to each other (facing one another).In addition to the objective of being able to position the opposing bone plates in a parallel manner, and prevent them from moving during drilling and screw placement, the supports (2) will help to trim, prepare and adapt the ideal shape and size of the plates themselves (0), according to the defect presented by the patient.

[0025] Once the bone plates (0) have been cut and placed in the holders, a guide or protractor is positioned, acting as an upper stop (3). This plate, fixed at one or both ends to the mandible, acts as a stop or guide. It can be attached to the teeth using an arm (33) that adapts to the shape of the tooth crown. If there are no teeth, it can be fixed to the model and the bone with a screw for stabilization, for which it has a hole (32). This stop (3) or guide has openings on its upper surface to ensure visibility (it has windows that allow direct viewing during the procedure) and features a series of protrusions (4, 5, 6) that extend from one side of the stop (3) to rest on the mandible (1), within the area where the bone plates are positioned, on the alveolar bone.This ensures that the stop (3) does not sink when the user is securing the veneers in their mouth and on the model. The protrusions (4, 5, 6) have a gap between them to allow the screws from one veneer to the other to be inserted and stabilized without contacting the protrusions (4, 5, 6) themselves, and also to allow the stop (3) to be removed once the veneers are stabilized.

[0026] The stop (3) may have a groove (31) on its lower face, facing the sheets (0), through which the upper edge of these is inserted, securing the sheets more firmly during the placement of the screws and the prior milling.

[0027] The stop (3) is 3D printed, allowing it to be precisely adapted to the shape of the patient's jaw (1) and the position of the supports (2) and the veneers held in them. This stop (3) is first used on the model to secure both veneers (0) and, once they are secured together, is then used in the mouth to further secure the veneers to the patient's mouth.

[0028] In use, the clinician places the patient's bone plates in the holders (2) of the jaw model (1), one facing the other parallel to the other, around the area of ​​the defect represented on the printed model. Once placed, both plates are drilled with burs adapted to a motor, to allow the insertion of screws that connect the two plates and allow them to be stabilized against each other. Generally, a minimum of two or three screws passing from one plate to the other are required. The plates are stabilized against each other by screws that pass through the sides of the ridges (4, 5, 6) (the screws pass through both plates but not through the ridges (4, 5, 6) because there is just enough space between them for the screws to fit). The holders (2) of the model remain on the model itself and are not placed in the mouth.

[0029] Once the plates are stabilized by fixing screws, they will be taken to the mouth and the stop (3) will be placed again with the plates, now in the patient's mouth, in the area of ​​the defect, in order to finish stabilizing them in the patient's residual bone with more screws.

[0030] Once the veneers are stabilized and screwed into the patient's bone, the stop (3) can be removed from the patient's mouth, leaving the veneers in place. At this point, the space defined by the veneers can be filled with bone chips from the patient.

[0031] This ensures that the surgery is much simpler, takes less time, involves several steps outside the patient's mouth, and is performed more safely.

Claims

CLAIMS 1- Guide for autologous bone grafting, in a printed model of a patient's jaw (1 ), characterized in that it comprises a stop (3) formed by a perforated plate, from which protrusions (4,5,6) emerge to support the alveolar bone of the patient's jaw or maxilla, which define through gaps between the protrusions (4,5,6), the stop (3) having respective grooves (31 ) on the sides of the protrusions (4,5,6) for the support of the plates (0). 2- Guide for autologous bone graft, according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises supports (2) that can be fixed to the printed model, facing the grooves. 3- Guide for autologous bone graft, according to claim 1, characterized in that the stop (3) has a hole (32) for screwing onto the teeth.

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