Modified polymers and their use in coating compositions
The modified polymer with a core-shell structure addresses the lack of flip-flop effect in coatings by altering viscosity at 40 to 90℃, enhancing the visual impact and FI values through improved aluminum powder orientation.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/102688
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-06-21
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-26
AI Technical Summary
Existing coatings with metallic flake pigments lack significant improvements in flip-flop effects, which are crucial for achieving luxurious and gorgeous visual impacts under varying light and viewing angles.
A modified polymer is developed by enclosing or grafting a non-thermosensitive polymer with a thermosensitive polymer, creating a core-shell structure that exhibits a viscosity change at 40 to 90℃, enhancing the orientation of aluminum powder in coatings.
The modified polymer significantly enhances the flip-flop effect, resulting in coatings with improved visual impact and higher FI values.
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Figure PCTCN2025102688-FTAPPB-I100001 
Figure PCTCN2025102688-FTAPPB-I100002 
Figure PCTCN2025102688-FTAPPB-I100003
Abstract
Description
MODIFIED POLYMERS AND THEIR USE IN COATING COMPOSITIONSINVENTION FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to polymers, and their use in coating compositions.BACKGROUND
[0002] Consumers have an increasing demand for the appearance of coatings. Flip-flop effect refers to an optical effect that a coating containing an effect pigment, such as metallic flake pigments, such as aluminum powder, may exhibit colors with various lightness and hue at different viewing angles. Coatings with a high flip-flop effect show strong metallic texture under an irradiation of light source, and show rich changes in light-and-shade and hue with the viewing angle change, giving a luxurious and gorgeous visual impact. Therefore, how to improve the flip-flop effect of coatings is a research hotspot, which has an urgent practical need and a potential commercial value.SUMMARY
[0003] The present inventors have conducted a lot of research and developed a modified polymer, which may be used in a coating composition for improving the flip-flop effect of coating and / or improving the orientation of aluminum powder in coating.
[0004] The present invention provides a modified polymer obtained by enclosing and / or grafting a non-thermosensitive polymer particle with a thermosensitive polymer, the modified polymer has a viscosity exhibiting a significant change at 40 to 90℃.
[0005] The present invention further provides a polymer having a core-shell structure, wherein the core particle consists essentially of a non-thermosensitive polymer, and the shell is located on the outer surface of the core particle and consists essentially of a segment derived from a thermosensitive polymer, the polymer having a core-shell structure has a viscosity exhibiting a significant change at 40 to 90℃.
[0006] The present invention also provides a method for preparing an aqueous dispersion of polymer, including: (1) synthesizing an aqueous dispersion of a non-thermosensitive polyester polymer, an aqueous dispersion of a non-thermosensitive acrylic based polymer, an aqueous dispersion of a non-thermosensitive polyurethane, or an aqueous dispersion of a non-thermosensitive polyurethane-acrylate polymer; and (2) enclosing and / or grafting the polymer particle in the dispersion of the step (1) with a thermosensitive polymer.
[0007] Still further, the present invention provides a coating composition comprising the above modified polymer, or the above polymer having a core-shell structure, or the above aqueous dispersion of polymer.
[0008] Still further again, the present invention provides a coated substrate comprising a substrate and the above coating composition applied at least on a part of the substrate.
[0009] Still further again, the present invention provides use of the above modified polymer, or the above polymer having a core-shell structure, or the above aqueous dispersion of polymer in a coating composition for increasing the FI value of the coating.
[0010] The features and advantages of the present invention will be particularly presented in detail in the following description of the embodiments.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0011] As used herein, unless expressly stated otherwise, it should be understood that the numbers used in the description and claims, such as, those representing values, ranges, contents, or percentages, may be varied in all substances by the term “about” , even if this term is not clearly specified. Thus, unless indicated to the contrary, the numerical parameters listed in the description and claims herein are all approximations, and may be varied depending upon desired properties to be obtained by the present invention.
[0012] Although the numerical ranges and parameters listing the broad scope of the present invention are approximations, the numerical records listed in the particular examples should be reported as precisely as possible. However, any numerical value inherently has a certain error. The error is an inevitable consequence of standard deviation found in its corresponding measurement method.
[0013] In addition, it should be understood that any numerical range described herein is intended to encompass all the sub-ranges subsumed therein. For example, a range of “1 to 10” is intended to include all the sub-ranges between (inclusive) the minimum value of 1 and the maximum value of 10, namely, it has a minimum value equal to or great than 1 and a maximum value equal to or less than 10.
[0014] In the present application, unless expressly stated otherwise, the use of a singular includes a plural and the use of a plural includes a singular. Moreover, in the present application, unless expressly stated otherwise, the use of “or” means “and / or” , even though “and / or” may be expressly used in some cases. In addition, in the present application, unless expressly stated otherwise, the use of “a” or “an” means “at least a / an” . For example, “a” polymer, “a” coating, or the like refers to one or more of any of these items. Also, as those skilled in the art will recognize, feature (s) of one embodiment may be used together with other embodiments, even if it is not explicitly stated.
[0015] In the present application, “comprise” and similar terms (such as, “include” , “contain” ) mean comprising but not limited to, which does not exclude any variation or addition. Furthermore, although the present invention has described the coating composition and / or method with the term “comprise” or similar terms, the coating composition or the like may also be described as “consist essentially of” or “consist of” .
[0016] Herein, the term “polymer” refers to an oligomer and homopolymer, copolymer and grafted polymer. The term “resin” may be interchangeably used with “polymer. ” The polymer as described herein may be used as a component of a coating composition to form a coating film.
[0017] As used herein, the term “aqueous dispersion” refers to a stable dispersion system formed by dispersing solid material (s) in water, wherein the volume averaged particle size in the dispersion doesn’ t increase >30%of the original size after 6 month storage at 25℃ as measured by Zetasizer from Malvern.
[0018] As described above, the present invention relates to a modified polymer, which is obtained by enclosing and / or grafting a non-thermosensitive polymer with a thermosensitive polymer, the modified polymer has a viscosity exhibiting a significant change at 40 to 90℃.
[0019] The viscosity of the modified polymer changes with the temperature variation, which may be determined by measuring the Gardener viscosity of the polymer at different temperatures. Herein, the "significant change" means that a viscosity is 50%or lower of the original viscosity after the change, or 200%or higher of the original viscosity after the change, or, the status varies from fluid to non-fluid after the change. Herein, the viscosity of the modified polymer may be determined according to the Gardener viscosity measurement method, which will be described in detail below. Suitably, the modified polymer may exhibit a significant change in viscosity at a temperature of 40℃ or higher, 50℃ or higher, 60℃ or higher, 70℃ or higher, or 80℃ or higher, and / or, 90℃ or lower, 80℃ or lower, 70℃ or lower, 60℃ or lower, or 50℃ or lower. Suitably, the modified polymer may exhibit a significant change in viscosity at a temperature of 40 to 90℃, 50 to 80℃, or within any range having endpoints of the above values.
[0020] Herein, the term "thermosensitive" polymer refers to a polymer whose aqueous solution undergoes a phase transition or a change in solubility when heated to a certain temperature or cooled to a certain temperature, such as changing from soluble (refers to the extent of the solubility of the polymer in water of 5-10 wt%based on the weight of water) to insoluble (refers to the extent of the solubility of the polymer in water of <1 wt%based on the weight of water) or from insoluble (refers to the extent of the solubility of the polymer in water of < 1 wt%based on the weight of water) to soluble (refers to the extent of the solubility of the polymer in water of 5-10 wt%based on the weight of water) . Conversely, a "non-thermosensitive" polymer does not exhibit such changes. Herein, the term "aqueous solution" refers to a solution whose solvent contains at least 50 wt%water, such as even 100 wt%water based on the total weight of the solvent.
[0021] Herein, the term "enclosing" means the absence of chemical bond formation between the thermosensitive polymer and the non-thermosensitive polymer, such as through double bond polymerization. Herein, the term "grafting" means the presence of chemical bond formation between the thermosensitive polymer and the non-thermosensitive polymer, such as through double bond polymerization.
[0022] Suitably, the non-thermosensitive polymer may be particle dispersed in an aqueous solution. The thermosensitive polymer may enclose the outer surface of the non-thermosensitive polymer particle. Alternatively, the thermosensitive polymer may be grafted to the outer surface of the non-thermosensitive polymer particle. Alternatively, the thermosensitive polymer may partially enclose the outer surface of the non-thermosensitive polymer particle and be partially grafted to the outer surface of the non-thermosensitive polymer particle.
[0023] Suitably, the modified polymer may have a core-shell structure, with the non-thermosensitive polymer as the core particle and the thermosensitive polymer forming a shell layer on the outside of the core particle.
[0024] The thermosensitive polymer suitable for use in the present invention may include a polymer that has a Lower Critical Solution Temperature (LCST) or an Upper Critical Solution Temperature (UCST) in water, that is, a LCST polymer or a UCST polymer. Referring to polymer compatibility theory, for LCST polymer, when temperature is below LCST, the system of polymer is in a homogeneous state and critical miscibility occurs when temperature reaches LCST. For UCST polymer, when temperature is above LCST, the system of polymer is in a homogeneous state and critical miscibility occurs when temperature reaches UCST
[0025] Suitably, the LCST of the LCST polymer may be 20℃ or higher, 30℃ or higher, 40℃ or higher, 50℃ or higher, 60℃ or higher, 70℃ or higher, or 80℃ or higher, and / or, 90℃ or lower, 80℃ or lower, 70℃ or lower, 60℃ or lower, 50℃ or lower, 40℃ or lower, or 30℃ or lower. Suitably, the LCST of the LCST polymer may be in the range of 20-90℃, 30-80℃, 40-70℃, or within any range having endpoints of the above values. The LCST may be determined by measuring the Gardner viscosity of the polymer and recording the temperature at which the Gardner viscosity changes abruptly as the LCST. For example, the LCST may be determined according to the method as described in the Example section below, i.e., filling a Gardener viscosity tube with a water-based dispersion of the polymer, putting the Gardener viscosity tube into water bath with different temperatures for 7 minutes, and then measuring for the Gardener viscosity at different temperatures.
[0026] Suitably, the UCST of the UCST polymer may be 20℃ or higher, 30℃ or higher, 40℃ or higher, 50℃ or higher, 60℃ or higher, 70℃ or higher, or 80℃ or higher, and / or, 90℃ or lower, 80℃ or lower, 70℃ or lower, 60℃ or lower, 50℃ or lower, 40℃ or lower, or 30℃ or lower. Suitably, the UCST of the UCST polymer may be in the range of 20-90℃, 30-80℃, 40-70℃, or within any range having endpoints of the above values. The UCST may be determined by measuring the Gardner viscosity of the polymer and recording the temperature at which the Gardner viscosity changes abruptly as the UCST. For example, the UCST may be determined according to the method as described in the Example section below, i.e., filling a Gardener viscosity tube with a water-based dispersion of the polymer, putting the Gardener viscosity tube into water bath with different temperatures for 7 minutes, and then measuring for the Gardener viscosity at different temperatures.
[0027] Suitably, the thermosensitive polymer may include a polymer containing a first monomer. The first monomer may include N-isopropylacrylamide, N-vinylcaprolactam, and / or a combination of hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate and hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate. Herein, hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate refers to hydroxypropyl acrylate and / or hydroxypropyl methacrylate. Herein, hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate refers to hydroxyethyl acrylate and / or hydroxyethyl methacrylate.
[0028] Suitably, the weight ratio of hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate to hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate may be in the range of 65: 35 to 80: 20. For example, the weight ratio of hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate to hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate may be 65: 35 or higher, 66: 34 or higher, 67: 33 or higher, 68: 32 or higher, 69: 31 or higher, 70: 30 or higher, 71: 29 or higher, 72: 28 or higher, 73: 27 or higher, 74: 26 or higher, 75: 25 or higher, 76: 24 or higher, 77: 23 or higher, 78: 22 or higher, or 79: 21 or higher, and / or, 80: 20 or lower, 79: 21 or lower, 78: 22 or lower, 77: 23 or lower, 76: 24 or lower, 75: 25 or lower, 74: 26 or lower, 73: 27 or lower, 72: 28 or lower, 71: 29 or lower, 70: 30 or lower, 69: 31 or lower, 68: 32 or lower, 67: 33 or lower, or 66: 34 or lower. For example, the weight ratio of hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate to hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate may be from 68: 32 to 78: 22, 70: 30 to 75: 25, 71: 29 to 72: 28, or within any range having endpoints of the above ratios. The polymer containing residues of the first monomer may include residues of another monomer that is different from the first monomer.
[0029] In the polymer containing the first monomer, the polymer may contain 60 wt%or higher, 70 wt%or higher, 80 wt%or higher, 90 wt%or higher, or even 100 wt%of the first monomer based on the total solid weight of monomers consisting of the polymer.
[0030] The thermosensitive polymer may comprise 1 wt%or higher, 2 wt%or higher, 3 wt%or higher, 4 wt%or higher, or 5 wt%or higher of the total solid weight of the modified polymer, and / or, 20 wt%or lower, 18 wt%or lower, 15 wt%or lower, 12 wt%or lower, or 10 wt%or lower of the total solid weight of the modified polymer. Suitably, based on the total solid weight of the modified polymer, the weight of the thermosensitive polymer may be in the range of 1-20 wt%, 2-18 wt%, 3-15 wt%, or within any range having endpoints of the above values.
[0031] Suitably, the non-thermosensitive polymer may include a polyester polymer, an acrylic-based polymer, a polyurethane polymer, and / or a polyurethane-acrylate hybrid polymer. The polyester polymer, the acrylic-based polymer, the polyurethane polymer, and the polyurethane-acrylate hybrid polymer may be different from each other. Herein, the polyester polymer refers to a polymer generated by the polycondensation reaction of a polyol and a polyacid, where the polyol is a compound containing two or more hydroxyl groups per molecule, and the polyacid is a compound containing two or more carboxyl groups per molecule. Herein, the acrylic-based polymer refers to a homopolymer of an acrylate or methacrylate monomer, or a copolymer with other monomer (s) . Herein, the polyurethane polymer refers to a polymer whose repeating units include a urethane linkage, which may include at least 50 wt%of organic units connected by urethane linkage. Herein, the polyurethane-acrylate hybrid polymer refers to a polymer that includes both polyurethane and acrylate segments.
[0032] The modified polymer according to the present invention may be in the form of an aqueous dispersion. Herein, the term "aqueous" dispersion refers to a dispersion whose solvent contains at least 50 wt%water based on the total weight of the solvent.
[0033] Based on the total weight of the dispersion, the content of the modified polymer may be in the range of 20-45 wt%. The term "solid content" refers to the weight percentage of the solids (i.e., the modified polymer) in the aqueous dispersion based on the total weight of the aqueous dispersion.
[0034] In the aqueous dispersion according to the present invention, the modified polymer may have a particle size of 50-500 nm. The particle size refers to a volume-average diameter of particles measured by a dynamic light scattering instrument, such as a Malvern Zeta Sizer.
[0035] The present invention also relates to a polymer having a core-shell structure, wherein the core particle consists essentially of a non-thermosensitive polymer, and the shell is located on the outer surface of the core particle and consists essentially of a segment derived from a thermosensitive polymer, the polymer has a viscosity exhibiting a significant change at 40 to 90℃. Suitably, the polymer may exhibit a significant change in viscosity at a temperature of 40℃ or higher, 50℃ or higher, 60℃or higher, 70℃ or higher, or 80℃ or higher, and / or, 90℃ or lower, 80℃ or lower, 70℃ or lower, 60℃ or lower, or 50℃ or lower. The polymer having a core-shell structure may have one or more features of the aforementioned modified polymer.
[0036] Herein, the term consisting "essentially" of... refers to the majority, such as at least 70 wt%, at least 80 wt%, at least 90 wt%, at least 95 wt%, or even 100 wt%, of which the core particle or the shell is composed of, e.g. a polymer.
[0037] In the polymer, the non-thermosensitive polymer may have one or more features of the aforementioned non-thermosensitive polymer.
[0038] In the polymer, the thermosensitive polymer may have one or more features of the aforementioned thermosensitive polymer.
[0039] For example, the thermosensitive polymer may include a LCST (Lower Critical Solution Temperature) polymer or a UCST (Upper Critical Solution Temperature) polymer. Suitably, the critical solution temperature (i.e., LCST or UCST) of the LCST polymer or the UCST polymer is in the range of 20 to 90℃.
[0040] For example, the thermosensitive polymer may include a polymer containing a first monomer. The first monomer may include N-isopropylacrylamide, N-vinylcaprolactam, and / or a combination of hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate and hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate.
[0041] For example, the non-thermosensitive polymer may include a polyester polymer, an acrylic-based polymer, a polyurethane polymer, and / or a polyurethane-acrylate hybrid polymer.
[0042] For example, the polymer having a core-shell structure may be in the form of an aqueous dispersion. The dispersion may have one or more features of the aforementioned aqueous dispersion of the modified polymer.
[0043] The aqueous dispersion of the modified polymer / the polymer having a core-shell structure according to the present invention may be prepared through the following method, including: (1) synthesizing a non-thermosensitive aqueous polyester dispersion, a non- thermosensitive aqueous acrylic-based dispersion, a non-thermosensitive aqueous polyurethane dispersion, and / or a non-thermosensitive aqueous polyurethane-acrylate dispersion; and (2) enclosing and / or grafting polymer particle in the dispersion obtained in step (1) with a thermosensitive polymer.
[0044] In step (1) , the aqueous polyurethane-acrylate dispersion, the aqueous polyurethane dispersion, the aqueous polyester dispersion, or the aqueous acrylic-based dispersion may be synthesized by any known method in the prior art. For example, the synthesis method may include emulsion polymerization.
[0045] In step (2) , the thermosensitive polymer may include a polymer containing a first monomer. The first monomer may include N-isopropylacrylamide, N-vinylcaprolactam, and / or a combination of hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate and hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate.
[0046] Suitably, step (2) may include adding dropwise an aqueous solution containing the first monomer into the dispersion obtained in step (1) . Herein, the term "aqueous solution" refers to a solution whose solvent contains at least 50 wt%water, such as even 100 wt%water based on the total weight of the solvent. Suitably, the adding speed of the aqueous solution containing the first monomer may be 0.2 to 2 mL / min. For example, the adding speed may be 0.2 mL / min or higher, 0.3 mL / min or higher, 0.4 mL / min or higher, 0.5 mL / min or higher, 0.6 mL / min or higher, 0.7 mL / min or higher, 0.8 mL / min or higher, 0.9 mL / min or higher, 1.0 mL / min or higher, 1.2 mL / min or higher, 1.4 mL / min or higher, 1.6 mL / min or higher, or 1.8 mL / min or higher, and / or 2.0 mL / min or lower, 1.8 mL / min or lower, 1.6 mL / min or lower, 1.4 mL / min or lower, 1.2 mL / min or lower, 1.0 mL / min or lower, 0.9 mL / min or lower, 0.8 mL / min or lower, 0.7 mL / min or lower, 0.6 mL / min or lower, 0.5 mL / min or lower, 0.4 mL / min or lower, or 0.3 mL / min or lower. For example, the adding speed may be from 0.3 to 1.8 mL / min, 0.5 to 1.2 mL / min, 0.8 to 1.0 mL / min, or within any range having endpoints of the above values.
[0047] Suitably, step (2) may include allowing the mixture to stand for a period of time after the adding is completed. Suitably, the standing time may be 0.5 to 4 hours. For example, the standing time may be 0.5 hour or longer, 1 hour or longer, 1.5 hours or longer, 2 hours or longer, 2.5 hours or longer, 3 hours or longer, or 3.5 hours or longer, and / or 4 hours or shorter, 3.5 hours or shorter, 3 hours or shorter, 2.5 hours or shorter, 2 hours or shorter, 1.5 hours or shorter, or 1 hour or shorter. For example, the standing time may be 1 to 3.5 hours, 2 to 3 hours, or within any range having endpoints of the above values. Suitably, the standing may be carried out at a temperature of 30 to 60℃, such as 40 to 50℃.
[0048] The present invention also relates to a coating composition comprising the modified polymer as described above, or the polymer having a core-shell structure as described above, or the aqueous dispersion as described above. Suitably, the coating composition is an aqueous composition.
[0049] In this context, the term "aqueous" coating composition refers to a coating composition whose solvent contains at least 50 wt%water based on the total weight of the solvent.
[0050] Based on the total weight of the coating composition, the content of the modified polymer or the polymer having a core-shell structure may be 10 wt%or higher, 20 wt%or higher, or 30 wt%or higher, and / or 60 wt%or lower, 50 wt%or lower, or 40 wt%or lower. Based on the total weight of the coating composition, the content of the modified polymer or the polymer having a core-shell structure may be in the range of 10-60 wt%, 20-50 wt%, or within any range having endpoints of the above values.
[0051] Suitably, the coating composition may be cured at a temperature of higher than 40℃.
[0052] Suitably, the coating composition may include an effect pigment. For example, the effect pigment may comprise an aluminum type pigment. In this coating composition, the aforementioned modified polymer, or polymer having a core-shell structure, or aqueous dispersion may facilitate orientation of the effect pigment during curing, resulting in a coating with a high FI value.
[0053] Suitably, the aqueous coating composition may include a compound derived from N-isopropylacrylamide, N-vinylcaprolactam, and / or a combination of hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate and hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate.
[0054] The coating composition may be applied to a substrate to form a coated substrate in any manner known in the art. The substrate may include a substrate that has been pre-treated or not pre-treated, and / or a substrate with or without a primer. The substrate may include metal and / or non-metal.
[0055] The present invention further discloses a coated substrate, comprising a substrate and the aforementioned coating composition applied to at least a part of the substrate. Suitably, the coating formed by the coating composition may include a structure derived from N-isopropylacrylamide, N-vinylcaprolactam, and / or a combination of hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate and hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate.
[0056] The present invention also relates to use of the aforementioned modified polymer, or the aforementioned polymer having a core-shell structure, or the aforementioned aqueous dispersion in a coating composition to increase the FI value of the coating, which measures the flip flop effect thereof. In comparison to essentially the same coating not comprising the modified polymer, the coating comprising the modified polymer or the polymer having a core-shell structure has a higher FI value. EXAMPLES
[0057] The following examples are provided to further illustrate the invention, but they should not be construed as limiting the invention to the details described in the examples. All parts and percentages in the following examples are by weight, unless otherwise stated. COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1
[0058] Preparation of a dispersion of non-thermosensitive acrylic-based polymer
[0059] Firstly, 250.0 grams of deionized water and 10.3 grams of ammonium laureth sulfate were charged into a four necked round bottom flask under N2 and fitted with a thermocouple, mechanical stirrer, and condenser. The mixture was heated to 85℃. Secondly, a mixture of 21.0 grams of deionized water, 0.48 grams of ammonium laureth sulfate, 14.0 grams of styrene, 0.77 grams of ethylene glycol dimethyl acrylate (EGDMA) , 24.44 grams of methyl methacrylate (MMA) , and 0.66 grams of methacrylic acid (MAA) was added into the flask. Thirdly, a mixture of 8.56 grams of deionized water and 1.86 grams of ammonium persulfate (APS) was added into the flask and held under stirring for 15 minutes. Next, a mixture of 300.0 grams of deionized water, 6.9 grams of ammonium laureth sulfate, 200.0 grams of styrene, 11.0 grams of EGDMA, 349.1 grams of MMA, and 9.36 grams of MAA was added dropwise into the flask, with the dropping time being controlled for 3 hours or longer. Then 10.0 grams of deionized water was used to rinse monomer feed. After held for 60 minutes, the reaction was cooled to 55℃. And then 3.88 grams of N, N-dimethylethanolamine (DMEA) was added into the flask. Finally, the mixture was cooled to 40℃ and filtered. The resulting polymer dispersion has a solid content of 41.0 wt%. EXAMPLE 2
[0060] Preparation of a dispersion of polymer containing N-isopropyl acrylamide
[0061] Firstly, 200.0 grams of Comparative Example 1, 40.0 grams of deionized water, and 0.5 grams of APS were charged into four necked round bottom flask communicated with N2 and fitted with a thermocouple, mechanical stirrer, and condenser. Then, the mixture was heated to 50℃. Next, 5.0 grams of N-isopropyl acrylamide (NIPAm) was dissolved into 34.0 grams of deionized water to obtain an aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 14.7%, and then added dropwise into the flask with a peristaltic pump at a speed of 0.3 mL / min. After about 2.5 hours, the reaction finished. The resulting polymer dispersion has a solid content of 31.2 wt%. EXAMPLE 3
[0062] Preparation of a dispersion of polymer containing N-vinyl caprolactam
[0063] Firstly, 200.0 grams of Comparative Example 1, 40.0 grams of deionized water and 0.5 grams of APS were charged into a four necked round bottom flask communicated with N2 and fitted with a thermocouple, mechanical stirrer, and condenser. Then, the mixture was heated to 50℃. Next, 10.0 grams of N-vinyl caprolactam (NVCa) was dissolved into 90.0 grams of deionized water to obtain an aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 10.0%, and then added dropwise into the flask with a peristaltic pump at speed of 0.8 mL / min. After about 2 hours, the reaction finished. The resulting polymer dispersion has a solid content of 27.0 wt%. EXAMPLE 4
[0064] Preparation of a dispersion of polymer containing hydroxypropyl methacrylate and hydroxyethyl methacrylate
[0065] Firstly, 200.0 grams of Comparative Example 1 and 0.5 grams of APS were charged into a four necked round bottom flask under N2 and fitted with a thermocouple, mechanical stirrer, and condenser. Then the mixture was heated to 50℃. Next, 14.32 grams of hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA) and 5.68 grams of hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) were dissolved into 60.0 grams of deionized water to obtain an aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 25.0%, and then added dropwise into the flask with a peristaltic pump at speed of 0.5 mL / min. After about 2.5 hours, the reaction finished. The resulting polymer dispersion has a solid content of 36.4 wt%. COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 5
[0066] Preparation of a dispersion of non-thermosensitive polyurethane acrylate polymer
[0067] Part A: 182.0 grams of polycarbonate diols with a number average molecular weight of 2000 g / mol, 24.0 grams of dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA) , 60.0 grams of isobutyl methacrylate (IBMA) , 60.0 grams of styrene, 0.6 grams of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl 4-methyl phenol and 10.0 grams of triethylamine (TEA) were added in sequence into a four necked round bottom flask communicated with N2 and fitted with a thermocouple, mechanical stirrer, and condenser. The mixture was heated to 50℃ for dissolution; after 15 minutes, 125.0 grams of isophorone diisocyanate was then charged into the flask. After peak exotherm, the mixture was heated to 90℃ until equivalent weight of isocyanate reached to 1530 g / eq, which was monitored with a titrator. Later, 4.47 grams of TEA was added and held for 15 minutes.
[0068] Part B: 500.0 grams of deionized water, 12.13 grams of adipic dihydrazide (ADH) , 4.0 grams of allyloxy ether sulfate ammonium salt and 16.8 grams of hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) were charged into a four necked round bottom flask communicated with N2 and fitted with a thermocouple, mechanical stirrer, and condenser. Then, 420.0 grams of part A was charged into the flask and heated to 70℃. After stirred for 30 minutes under N2 atmosphere, a mixture of 1.0 grams of tert-butyl hydroperoxide, 0.5 grams of APS and 20.0 grams of deionized water was added. Next, a mixture of 0.02 grams of ferrous ammonium sulfate, 1.0 grams of sodium metabisulfite and 50.0 grams of deionized water was added dropwise into the flask. After peak exotherm, the system was held at 60℃ for one hour. The resulting polyurethane acrylate dispersion has a solid content of 35.7 wt%. EXAMPLE 6
[0069] Preparation of a dispersion of polyurethane acrylate containing N-vinyl caprolactam
[0070] Firstly, 200.0 grams of Comparative Example 5 and 0.5 grams of APS were charged into a four necked round bottom flask under N2 and fitted with a thermocouple, mechanical stirrer, and condenser. Then the mixture was heated to 50℃. Next, 10.0 grams of N-vinyl caprolactam (NVCa) was dissolved into 130.0 grams of deionized water to obtain an aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 7.1%, and then added dropwise into the flask with a peristaltic pump at speed of 0.8 mL / min. After about 3 hours, the reaction finished. The resulting polyurethane acrylate dispersion has a solid content of 27.0 wt%.Evaluation of thermal sensitivity
[0071] The thermal sensitivity of Comparative Examples (CE) and Examples (Ex) 1-6 was evaluated with Gardener viscosity tube. The viscosity tube was filled with the polymer dispersion of Comparative Examples and Examples 1-6, separately, and then covered with lid. The viscosity was measured at room temperature, and time for bubble rising was recorded. Subsequently, the Gardener viscosity tube was put into water bath with different temperatures for 7 minutes, and then measured for sample viscosity and recorded time for bubble rising. The test results are shown in Table 1. Table 1. ‘Gel’ means that solution loses its fluidity at certain temperature. COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 7
[0072] Preparation of a coating composition comprising the Comparative Example 1
[0073] The components listed in Table 2 were mixed uniformly using traditional mechanical stirring at a speed of 300 to 500 RPM. EXAMPLE 8
[0074] Preparation of a coating composition comprising the Example 2
[0075] The components listed in Table 2 were mixed uniformly using traditional mechanical stirring at a speed of 300 to 500 RPM. TABLE 2 1Compounds of modified polysiloxane, polyether and hydrophobic particle, commercially available from BYK.2Compounds of ethylene glycol and 2, 4, 7, 9-tetramethyl-5-decyne-4, 7-diol, commercially available from Evonik.3Polyether modified siloxane, commercially available from Evonik.4Modified flaky silicate, commercially available from BYK.5Available from Silberline Yasida Pigments (Jinan) Co., Ltd.6Modified acrylic acid copolymer, aqueous solution, commercially available from BASF.Evaluation of coating properties
[0076] Each coating composition of CE 7 and Ex 8 was sprayed over a substrate of ABS / PC by bell spray. This coating was applied under controlled environmental conditions of 25-30℃ of temperature, and 50-60%relative humidity. After flash for 60 seconds, the coating was baked at 60℃ for 20 minutes. The dry film thickness is 12-14 μm.Then coating appearance was measured by a multi-angle colorimeter BYK mac-i, with results listed in Table 3. Table 3
[0077] As can be seen from the above, the modified polymer / polymer according to the present invention improved the FI value and the 15° lightness value in the aqueous coating composition.
[0078] Although specific aspects of the invention have been illustrated and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various other variations and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, the accompanying claims are intended to encompass all of these variations and modifications falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1.A modified polymer, obtained by enclosing and / or grafting a non-thermosensitive polymer particle with a thermosensitive polymer, wherein the modified polymer has a viscosity exhibitinga significant change at 40 to 90℃.2.The modified polymer of claim 1, wherein the thermosensitive polymer is a LCST polymer or a UCST polymer, and the LCST polymer or the UCST polymer has a LCST or a UCST of 20 to 90℃.3.The modified polymer of claim 1 or 2, wherein the thermosensitive polymer comprises 1 to 20 wt%of the total solid weight of the modified polymer.4.The modified polymer of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the polymer has a core-shell structure, with the non-thermosensitive polymer being a core particle, and the thermosensitive polymer forming a shell on the outer surface of the core particle.5.The modified polymer of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the thermosensitive polymer includes a polymer based on a first monomer comprising N-isopropyl acrylamide, N-vinyl caprolactam, and / or a mixture of hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate and hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate.6.The modified polymer of claim 5, wherein the mixture of hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate and hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate comprises a weight ratio of hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate to hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate of 65: 35 to 80: 20.7.The modified polymer of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the non-thermosensitive polymer includes a polyester polymer, an acrylic-based polymer, a polyurethane polymer and / or a polyurethane-acrylate hybrid polymer.8.A polymer having a core-shell structure, wherein the core particle consists essentially of a non-thermosensitive polymer, and the shell is located on the outer surface of the core particle and consists essentially of a segment derived from a thermosensitive polymer, the polymer having a core-shell structure has a viscosity exhibiting a significant change at 40 to 90℃.9.The polymer of claim 8, wherein the thermosensitive polymer is a LCST polymer or a UCST polymer, and the critical solution temperature of the LCST polymer or the UCST polymer is 20 to 90℃.10.The polymer of claim 8 or 9, wherein the thermosensitive polymer includes a polymer based on N-isopropyl acrylamide, N-vinyl caprolactam, and / or a mixture of hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate and hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate.11.The polymer of any one of claims 8-10, wherein the non-thermosensitive polymer includes a polyester polymer, an acrylic-based polymer, a polyurethane polymer and / or a polyurethane-acrylate hybrid polymer.12.A method for preparing an aqueous dispersion of polymer, including:(1) synthesizing an aqueous dispersion of a non-thermosensitive polyester, an aqueous dispersion of a non-thermosensitive acrylic-based polymer, an aqueous dispersion of a non-thermosensitive polyurethane, or an aqueous dispersion of a non-thermosensitive polyurethane-acrylate polymer; and(2) enclosing and / or grafting the polymer particle in the dispersion of the step (1) with a thermosensitive polymer.13.The method of claim 12, wherein the thermosensitive polymer is a LCST polymer or a UCST (Utmost Critical Solution Temperature) polymer, and the critical solution temperature of the LCST polymer or the UCST polymer is 20 to 90℃.14.The method of claim 12 or 13, wherein the thermosensitive polymer includes a polymer based on a first monomer comprising N-isopropyl acrylamide, N-vinyl caprolactam, and / or a mixture of hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate and hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate.15.The method of claim 14, wherein the step (2) comprises adding dropwise the first monomer in the form of an aqueous solution into the dispersion of the step (1) .16.The method of claim 15, wherein the adding is conducted at 0.2-2 mL / min.17.An aqueous dispersion of the modified polymer of any one of claims 1-7, or of the polymer of any one of claims 8-11.18.A coating composition comprising the modified polymer of any one of claims 1-7, or the polymer of any one of claims 8-11, or the aqueous dispersion of polymer prepared according to the method of any one of claims 12-16.19.The coating composition of claim 18, wherein the modified polymer or the polymer comprises 10-60 wt%of the total solid weight of the coating composition.20.The coating composition of claim 18 or 19, further comprising an effect pigment, the effect pigment comprises an aluminum type pigment.21.The coating composition of any one of claims 18-20, wherein the composition is an aqueous composition.22.The coating composition of any one of claims 18-21, wherein the composition is cured at a temperature greater than 40℃.23.The coating composition of any one of claims 18-22, wherein the coating composition comprises a compound derived from N-isopropyl acrylamide, N-vinyl caprolactam, and / or a mixture of hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate and hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate.24.A coated substrate, comprising a substrate and the coating composition of any one of claims 18-23 applied at least on a part of the substrate.25.The coated substrate of claim 24, wherein the coating formed from the coating composition comprises a structure derived from N-isopropyl acrylamide, N-vinyl caprolactam, and / or a mixture of hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate and hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate.26.Use of the modified polymer of any one of claims 1-7, or the polymer of any one of claims 8-11, or the aqueous dispersion of polymer prepared according to the method of any one of claims 12-16 in a coating composition for increasing the FI value of the coating.
Citation Information
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