Illuminable laminated glazing for a vehicle, and vehicle comprising such an illuminable laminated glazing

Abstract

The invention relates to an illuminable laminated glazing for a vehicle, comprising a guiding layer, a liquid crystal cell with variable light absorption and scattering, the liquid crystal cell containing an electroactive layer (93) comprising liquid crystals, a polymer phase and dichroic dyes, and an optical isolator coating on a non-fluoropolymer carrier film or on the liquid crystal cell.

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION

[0002] TITLE: ILLUMINABLE LAMINATED VEHICLE GLAZING, VEHICLE WITH SUCH ILLUMINABLE LAMINATED GLAZING

[0003] The present invention relates to an illuminable (and electrically controllable) laminated glazing for vehicles, in particular road vehicle glazing.

[0004] It is known to have multifunctional road vehicle roofs that can be illuminated by lighting, for example by light-emitting diodes, and that can be electrically controlled to obtain variable optical properties (in particular allowing opacification) thanks to switchable functional elements integrated into the glazing, such as liquid crystals.

[0005] Regarding vehicle roof lighting, light-emitting diodes have been used for the glazed roofs of road vehicles, including panoramic laminated roofs with LED lighting as described in document WO2010049638. The light emitted by the diodes is introduced edge-on into the inner glazing forming a guide, the light being extracted from the glazing by a diffusing layer on the glazing.

[0006] To improve light extraction, document WO2015118279 proposes a luminous laminated vehicle roof incorporating, within the thermoplastic laminate interlayer, a fluoropolymer film at least 600 nm thick with a refractive index n2 at 550 nm. The inner glass acts as a guiding layer with a refractive index n1, where n1-n2 is at least 0.08. The fluoropolymer film then forms an optical insulator between the inner glass and a tinted element such as the outer glass. Such a luminous roof may further include an electrically controllable system with variable optical properties, particularly liquid crystals, located either below or above the optical insulator.

[0007] The present invention sought to develop an alternative laminated vehicle glazing that is both luminous and variable tint, without compromising the performance of each function and without unduly complicating manufacturing and / or architecture.

[0008] To this end, the present invention relates to an illuminable (and electrically controllable) vehicle glazing, particularly for road vehicles (such as a roof, a side window, especially an opening one, particularly a rear window, particularly for cars but also trucks, public transport such as buses, coaches, etc.) comprising: a laminated glazing, preferably curved, comprising: a first transparent sheet of mineral glass (clear or tinted), with a first main face called face F1 (intended to be oriented towards the outside of the vehicle), a second main face called face F2 and a first slice, a second transparent sheet, with a third main face called face F3, a fourth main face called face F4 and a second slice,

[0009] - between the first and second sheets, a multilayer polymer laminate interlayer, comprising an upper (adhesive) interlayer on the second face and a lower (adhesive) interlayer on the third face; between the upper and lower interlayers, a liquid crystal cell, in particular with variable tint (light to dark state and vice versa), a liquid crystal cell, with variable light absorption and diffusion, comprising a first edge and containing an electroactive layer comprising liquid crystals, a polymer phase and (dissolved) dichroic dyes, preferably a so-called DDPDLC layer comprising droplets of liquid crystals mixed with (dissolved) dichroic dyes within a polymer phase; the electroactive layer between a support, in particular dielectric and transparent, upper (electrode) comprising an upper electrode, in particular transparent,and a lower (electrode) support, in particular dielectric and transparent, comprising a lower electrode, in particular transparent, the electroactive layer being between the lower and upper electrodes, the lower support being closer to face F3 than the upper support, in particular a liquid crystal cell surrounded by a frame layer of the laminate interlayer (based on PVB), a guide layer, with a refractive index ng in the visible, capable of guiding light by total internal reflection, in particular the internal guide layer comprising the second sheet and even the lower interlayer, or being on the fourth face F4 side (the guide layer then being called the external guide layer), preferably a light source in optical coupling with the guide layer (internal or external),preferably comprising a series of light-emitting diodes, in particular extending longitudinally (longitudinal series), preferably means for extracting light (guided in the guide layer), preferably in the form of a diffusing coating, for example on the lower interlayer (PVB-based with or without plasticizers) between the liquid crystal cell and the guide layer, an optical insulating layer, optically isolating the liquid crystal cell from the guide layer, an optical insulating layer with a refractive index n2 in the visible range, and with ng-n2 which is at least 0.04 in the visible range, of submillimeter thickness Ei of at least 400 nm. The glazing further comprises a coated substrate which includes:

[0010] - a transparent film called carrier film, made of a material, preferably polymeric, distinct from a fluoropolymer (and even preferably from a cross-linked adhesive material), with a main front face Fa oriented towards face F2 and a main rear face Fb opposite and a second edge, of submillimeter thickness Ef,

[0011] - an optical insulating coating which constitutes the optical insulating layer, made of a material comprising a matrix distinct from a fluoropolymer (possibly being a cross-linked material), on one of the front faces Fa or rear faces Fb, called the coated face, and another second face, the matrix in particular organic or mineral, has a refractive index n2 m greater than n2 and less than ng (n1 or n'1), and preferably with n2 mof at most 1.48 and n2 preferably of at most 1.42, and comprising (na no) porosities and / or (nano)particles of low index, of refractive index less than ng in particular hollow and / or porous of size (outer diameter) of at most 300nm or even of at most 100nmmn for example of hollow and / or porous silica nanoparticles (spheres etc).

[0012] The entire carrier film and optical insulating coating together are called the coated substrate. The difference in refractive index between the liquid crystal / dye phase and the polymer phase generates light scattering and therefore blurring. In particular, for DDPDLC, the polymer matrix (phase) has the same refractive index as the average refractive index of the liquid crystal / dye droplets, and their refractive indices differ when the liquid crystals are aligned in the ON state.

[0013] In the most common configuration, the glazing is normally dark / blurry when the power is off; it then becomes clear / transparent when a voltage is applied.

[0014] Conversely, laminated glazing can be normally clear / transparent (maximum light transmission) in the absence of tension, and it becomes dark / blurry (minimum light transmission) when tension is applied.

[0015] By "dark" state we mean a state in which the light transmission of the glazing in the corresponding area is lower than in the "light" state.

[0016] For example, a dark / blurry state of the liquid crystal cell may correspond to a light transmission of the liquid crystal cell less than or equal to 5%, or even less than or equal to 3%, and even less than or equal to 1%. A clear / transparent state of the liquid crystal cell may correspond to a light transmission of the liquid crystal cell greater than or equal to 10%, including greater than or equal to 15%, 20%, or 30%.

[0017] Preferably, the liquid crystal cell and / or the glazing with the liquid crystal cell has a blur of less than 7% or 5%, or even less than 2%, in the transparent / clear state and greater than 95% or even 98% in the blurred / dark state, outside the light extraction zone.

[0018] Haze is measured using a hazemeter, for example, the BYK® registered trademark Haze-Gard Plus 4725. The measurement is preferably performed according to the standard method defined in the international standard ASTM D1003.

[0019] The liquid crystal cell in the dark state enhances the vision of the means of light extraction.

[0020] Laminated road vehicle glazing, in particular a roof, may have a light transmission of at most 40% or even at most 28% and even at most 8% (in the clear glass), -and preferably at least 3%- in the clear state of the liquid crystal cell, And / or for laminated road vehicle glazing, in particular for a roof, the laminated glazing may have a light transmission of less than 1%, or even less than 0.1% in the dark state of the liquid crystal cell.

[0021] In particular for side glazing, especially rear and / or opening glazing, laminated glazing can have a light transmission of at most 70% - and preferably at least 30% - in the clear state of the liquid crystal cell,

[0022] - and / or, a light transmission of less than 3 or 2%, or even 0.1% in the dark state of the liquid crystal cell.

[0023] In this text, light transmission is calculated from the transmission spectrum between 380 and 780 nm, taking into account illuminant A and the CIE 1964 reference observer (10°).

[0024] In the following description, "tint" refers to the color appearance in transmission, characterized by one or more colorimetric coordinates L*, a*, b*, calculated from the transmission spectrum between 380 and 780 nm, taking into account the illuminant D65 and the CIE 1964 observer (10°). In this description, roof and side glazing primarily refer to road vehicles. In particular, the side glazing is rear and may even be opening. Other examples include fixed rear side windows (quarter windows, etc.) or door windows (rear quarters).

[0025] In the present invention, edge and slice refer to the lateral edges (as opposed to the main faces). The "edge", or "slice", thus refers to the narrow side of a layer (sheet), which is located substantially transversely between the two main faces of a layer.

[0026] In the present invention, the lower visibility limit (the lower visible line of the glazing or "belt line") is defined for a side window (opening) after installation in the door (and in the closed position). The lower visibility limit may be equal to or above this limit (depending on a lower masking strip).

[0027] Preferably, the refractive index of any layer according to the invention is defined for a reference value in a range from 550 to 630 nm, preferably to 600 nm. Preferably, the difference in refractive indices n1-n2 or n'1-n2 is verified for the entire visible spectral range of the light source.

[0028] Preferably, an electroactive layer is chosen, which is a DDPDLC (Dye-Doped Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal) layer, exhibiting a discontinuous phase of microscopic liquid crystal (LC) droplets within the continuous phase of the polymer matrix. The shapes, dimensions, and distribution of these microscopic droplets depend on numerous physicochemical parameters (and the phase separation process used).

[0029] When switched off, DDPDLC scatters light in its OFF mode due to the presence of microdroplets with a refractive index different from that of the polymer matrix. DDPDLC also absorbs light thanks to the presence of dichroic dyes in the LC phase. The combination of these two properties results in a dark and hazy (opaque) appearance.

[0030] When lit, the dyes and LC are oriented perpendicular to the plane of the film and therefore the light is not (or only slightly) scattered, the refractive index corresponds to that of the polymer matrix, the absorption cross section is low, which leads to a transparent and clear appearance.

[0031] Examples of DDPDLC cells are described in application CN117567875.

[0032] The thickness of the electroactive layer, particularly DDPDLC, can range from 1 to 30 µm, and even from 5 µm, 10 µm, or 15 µm to 25 µm. The polymer is, for example, thermo- or UV-cured, such as a UV-cured urethane acrylate. For manufacturing purposes, one example is the UV-curable urethane acrylate NOA65 from Norland.

[0033] You can also choose a PNLC cell (for "Polymer Network Liquid Crystal" in English) or a PSLC cell (for "Polymer stabilized liquid crystal").

[0034] The optical insulating coating may comprise at least 99% by weight of crosslinked polymer, optional photoinitiators, and rheological agents.

[0035] The optical insulating coating is preferably deposited by liquid means.

[0036] The surface of the optical insulating coating (before assembly) is non-sticky, requiring the use of a laminating interlayer. Specifically, the surface is non-sticky to the touch when exposed to glass. Depending on the chosen deposition side, the upper or lower interlayer layer, or an additional interlayer layer of the laminating interlayer, is in adhesive contact with the surface, or the other upper or lower interlayer layer is in adhesive contact with the surface. The optical insulating coating is typically a varnish, which can be obtained from a photocurable resin and, if necessary, photoinitiators, or be thermocurable, a two-component mixture, etc. A layer of curable resin is deposited onto the (transparent) film, preferably a polymer. Once the material is cured, the free surface is non-sticky.

[0037] The carrier film can be, in particular, polyester, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT), or poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN). The optical insulating coating is on the back side of the polymer carrier film and is an organic matrix, preferably a polyacrylate-based polymer, preferably with n2 m at most 1.48 and n2 preferably at most 1.42, and the low index (nano)particles are hollow with a size (outer diameter) of at most 300nm or even at most 100nm, for example hollow silica nanoparticles (spheres etc).

[0038] Preferably the optical insulating coating is free of free silicone, of volatile silicone component (source of surface pollution).

[0039] The matrix of the optical insulating coating can be organic, in particular cross-linked polymer or thermoplastic, in particular chosen from polymer based on polyacrylate, polyepoxides, polyvinyl acetate, polyester, polyurethane, PVB or the matrix is ​​mineral in particular silica.

[0040] The optical insulating coating includes in particular no more than 60% by volume fraction of (nano) porosities and / or low index (nano)particles (in particular hollow silica) or one of the following values: 40, 45%, 40%, 35%, 30%.

[0041] The refractive index n2 can be customized according to the volume of nanopores or low-index or hollow nanoparticles. As a first approximation, the following relationship can be used to calculate the index: n2 = f.n2m + (1 - f).n e where f is the volume fraction of the material constituting the layer and n2 m its refractive index (dense) and n etf is the refractive index of nanoporosity (equal to 1) or the effective index of nanoparticles (hollow and / or porous or low index).

[0042] The following table 1 illustrates the refractive index n2 as a function of n2m and the volume fraction.

[0043] [Table 1]

[0044] The mineral optical insulating coating (matrix) preferably comprises (in particular is made of):

[0045] - a porous silica-based (sol-gel) layer and E1 is at most 1 m, better at most 800 nm and even 700 nm, to avoid the risk of cracking, n1 can easily go up to 1.3

[0046] - or an oxide-based layer (silica etc.) deposited by physical means in PVD vapor phase such as magnetron sputtering and E1 is at most 1 pm better at most 700 nm because the deposition is very slow.

[0047] In magnetron sputtering the silica layer may contain one or more other elements such as aluminium and the refractive index may be 1.48.

[0048] The volume proportion of pores can be limited and controlled, in particular by the sol-gel method.

[0049] One can therefore choose silica produced from tetraetoxysilane (TEOS).

[0050] The pores can be closed, done by removing a particulate pore-forming agent.

[0051] The structuring of the sol-gel layer into pores is linked to the sol-gel type synthesis technique, which allows the essentially mineral matter (i.e. mineral or organic-mineral hybrid) to be condensed with a suitably chosen porogenous agent in particular of well-defined size(s) and / or shape(s) (elongated, spherical, oval, etc.).

[0052] Laminated glass (particularly the coated substrate) may include a protective transparent layer (film or coating), notably polymeric (thermoplastic or cross-linked polymer), with a refractive index greater than n2, a submillimeter thickness, and even a maximum of 100 µm, covering the optical insulating coating and possibly extending beyond it. In particular, it protects the optical insulating coating, which may contain (nano)porosity and / or low-index (nano)particles, especially hollow or porous ones (silica, etc.). The protective transparent layer provides mechanical protection in contact with the lower interlayer (or other lower interlayer) and even with a diffusing coating, forming a means of light extraction (discontinuous or localized), and even beneath the diffusing coating.

[0053] Neither the carrier film nor the optical insulating coating is based on a fluoropolymer (defined as having a fluorocarbon-based repeating motif) that adheres poorly to the lamination interlayer or requires corona treatment. According to one feature of the invention, the polymer of the carrier film or the optical insulating coating may have a non-fluorocarbon repeating motif (in its main chain) but whose secondary functions (grafts, side chain) may contain fluorocarbons.

[0054] For the carrier film (distinct or not from the lower support), one can choose even an ultrathin glass (of no more than 0.6mm) and even for the coated substrate an all mineral solution with a mineral (or hybrid) optical insulating coating, for example for a deposit obtained by liquid means in particular a (optical insulating coating) nanoporous silica sol gel or even MgF2.

[0055] The carrier film can preferably be a polymer film, rather than even ultrathin glass which can break, and the coated substrate itself is an all-polymer solution with a polymer film and a polymer matrix optical insulating coating, for example, deposited by a liquid process such as inkjet printing. Mineral (or hybrid) deposition can be, for example, physical vapor deposition or sol-gel deposition. The carrier film is, for example, a thermoplastic polymer (flexible, curved to match the curvature of the glazing). The carrier film (substrate), particularly a polymer according to the invention, preferably exhibits dimensional stability, is compatible with the lamination process (pressurization at a given temperature), and is compatible with autoclaving.

[0056] The carrier film (substrate) according to the invention is distinct from an interlayer of lamination that binds the sheets; it therefore requires the use of the interlayer of lamination. The carrier film (substrate) is preferably a non-stick film at room temperature.

[0057] The edge of the coated substrate (second edge of the carrier film, and even the second other edge of the optical insulating coating) can be at least 10mm away from the first slice of the first sheet (and / or the second slice of the second sheet) and even at least one of the following values: 15mm, 20mm, 25mm, 30mm.

[0058] The edge of the coated substrate (second edge of the film, second other edge of the optical insulating coating) can be at least 15mm away from the clear glass and even at least one of the following values: 10mm, 8mm, 5mm, 1mm.

[0059] For protection purposes, preferably, the perimeter of the carrier film, especially polymer and even PET (and even the coated substrate) can be surrounded, in contact (adhesive), with a portion of the laminate interlayer (PVB, EVA, TPU etc.) for example with a width of at least 5mm:

[0060] - either resulting from the creep of the lower intercalated layer and / or the creep of the upper intercalated layer or an additional intercalated layer

[0061] - either by adding a peripheral frame layer with a thickness greater than or equal to the thickness Ef of the carrier film.

[0062] In one embodiment, the carrier film is set back from the first and second glass sheets by at least 10mm and even by at least 15mm or 20mm or 25mm, and in particular the thickness Ef of the carrier film is at least 0.2mm and the glazing includes an intermediate frame layer, forming part of the lamination interlayer or the other lamination interlayer, framing the perimeter of the coated substrate and in particular between faces F2 and F3 in first configuration i) or between faces F5 and F6 in second configuration j).

[0063] The thickness Ea of the interlayer frame can be similar to Ef, for example Ef ±50 µm or even ±25 µm, or greater. For example, if the lower interlayer of thickness E' is short (the same size as the film) and edge-to-edge with the transparent film, then Ea = Ef + E' ±50 µm or even ±25 µm. The interlayer frame is in contact with the upper or additional interlayer or the other upper interlayer, and possibly also in contact with the lower interlayer or the other lower interlayer.

[0064] We prefer to choose the same material (PVB in particular or an OCA) for the upper or possible additional interlayer, and lower interlayer.

[0065] Furthermore, this laminated glazing is preferably curved. Particularly for the roof, it thus features one or more curves, with one or more radii of curvature ranging from 10 cm to 40 m. The curvature can be pronounced, especially with high sphericity, meaning at least one radius of curvature of no more than 0.5 m in some areas. To avoid creases and undulations, the peripheral zone of the coated substrate is preferably located within a section of the glazing with a limited curvature and sphericity, notably with a radius of curvature of at least 1.5 m.

[0066] In the case of a side window (opening or fixed) it has, for example, a radius of curvature of 1.2m to 4m.

[0067] The thicker the carrier film, the less likely it is to deform and ripple. For example, a thickness of at least 100 µm can be chosen for areas of high sphericity in the glazing.

[0068] The carrier film must have a surface area of ​​at least 1 m in length and at least 50 cm in width.

[0069] The carrier film, especially polymer and even thermoplastic, particularly PET, can occupy 100% of the glass area.

[0070] The carrier film, in particular polymer and even thermoplastic, especially PET, can occupy at least 80%, 90% and less than 100% of the surface of the glazing (to be protected at the periphery in particular, by a material in particular of interlayer of lamination).

[0071] The carrier film, in particular polymer, can be of any shape, depending on the design of the glazing, with rounded corners etc.

[0072] The carrier film (distinct from or being the lower support) may have a low plasticizer content (for example, at most 20% or 10% or 5%) or no plasticizers.

[0073] The carrier film (separate from or forming part of the underlying support) can be a thermoplastic polymer or even a cross-linked polymer, in particular:

[0074] - polyester, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT), poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN),

[0075] - polycarbonate (PC),

[0076] - polyacrylate, including thermoplastic, polybutylacrylate, polymethacrylate (PMMA),

[0077] - polyurethane (PU), in cross-linked material,

[0078] - cellulose triacetate (TAC),

[0079] - polyolefin: polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE),

[0080] - polyimide, polyamide, a film (coextruded) in PET-PMMA,

[0081] - poly(vinyl chloride) PVC.

[0082] We prefer PET (easily available) or PEN, a polyacrylate film, or even PC (preferring an interlayer based on PVB without plasticizers or with few plasticizers) or PMMA.

[0083] The carrier film (whether separate from or forming part of the underlying support), particularly polymer and even PET, should preferably have a thickness (Ef) of at least 30 µm and / or preferably less than 200 µm, specifically no more than 100 µm. With a polymer carrier film made of PC or PMMA, a suitable interlayer in contact with it is preferred (for greater chemical compatibility) (avoid PVB and, for example, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)). The same applies to the interlayer in contact with the second or third polymer sheet made of PC or PMMA.

[0084] For example, the glazing and / or the liquid crystal cell (and even a peripheral band or frame) has a grey colour.

[0085] However, the first pane of glass (preferably curved) may be tinted, notably gray or green. In addition to the tint provided by the liquid crystal cell, the tint of the first pane of glass, the upper interlayer, or an additional interlayer of the lamination can be customized. Specifically, the light transmission and tint can be adjusted.

[0086] The electroactive layer (the liquid volume) includes spacers which are in particular transparent or opaque, for example black, and / or which are point-based, polymer-based, spacers in contact with the lower and upper electrodes.

[0087] Point spacers can be cited as spheres (or cubes or cylinders with a circular base), for example made of glass or polymer, for example with a width of at most 100 or 50 pm and even 30 pm and of at least 8 or 10 pm.

[0088] In particular for an opening side window, the regions are arranged so that the connectors (for example printed, flat so-called fpc in English) are in the lower part below the visibility limit.

[0089] More generally, the power supply of any cell can be done via a printed, flat connector associated with current supply strips (metallic), including wires, film, printed material.

[0090] In a given design, particularly for a roof or rear opening side window, the liquid crystal cell (segmented or not, single liquid crystal cell or sub-cells) covers at least 90% or 95% or 100% of the glass area and even extends beyond.

[0091] In another implementation, particularly a windshield, the liquid crystal cell (segmented or not) covers an upper peripheral band (outside the "T-zone") ("sun visor"). This zone may contain means for extracting light for internal signaling.

[0092] Of course, you can also have several disjoint cells, for example of no more than 10cm apart. Preferably the cells (segmented or not) cover at least 90% or 95% of the clear glass area.

[0093] Preferably, liquid crystals are in the nematic phase.

[0094] Preferably the nematic to isotropic phase transition temperature of the electroactive layer is greater than 45°C, 50°C, 55°C, 60°C, 65°C, 70°C, 75°C, 80%, 85% or 90°C or 110°C.

[0095] Preferably, the percentage by weight of dichroic dyes is less than the solubility limit, for example, at most 10%. Several dichroic dyes can be used.

[0096] For example, the absorption band is wide and flat (homogeneous) over at least 200 or 300nm in the visible range.

[0097] Preferably, the glazing is free of polarizing films and even alignment layers.

[0098] The lower and upper supports are for example flexible, polymer (PET etc) for example of no more than 200pm, or glass for example of no more than 400pm.

[0099] The liquid crystal cell (single or set of sub-cells, segmented or not) has a first edge in particular set back from the first slice and / or the second slice, in particular all or part under the peripheral internal masking layer 7 (enamel on F2 or black ink on PVB 31) closer to the second face than the liquid crystal cell.

[0100] Furthermore, the liquid crystal cell (single or a set of sub-cells, segmented or not) can be recessed from the first layer of the first glass sheet, and a peripheral external seal surrounding the perimeter of the first edge of the liquid crystal cell, preferably an external seal that is a thermoplastic adhesive layer forming a frame layer, is in contact with the upper interlayer, which extends beyond the edge of the liquid crystal cell. Both the external seal and the upper interlayer are preferably PVB-based.

[0101] - or in contact with the second face (bare or coated).

[0102] The external seal may include an opaque area or be an opaque frame. The external seal is preferably offset, in whole or in part, from a pane of glass. And possibly the external seal is in contact with:

[0103] - the lower intercalated layer, protruding from the liquid crystal cell,

[0104] - or in contact with the third face (bare or coated).

[0105] The outer edge (clear, tinted, or opaque PVB), if sufficiently thick, can also form a frame layer (made of PVB, for example) of the coated substrate, with a size identical to that of the liquid crystal cell. However, it is preferable not to overlap their edges, favoring a coated substrate that is larger than the underlying support (the liquid crystal cell).

[0106] The external joint is preferably at least a few mm wide and preferably no more than 1 cm.

[0107] The external joint (preferably PVB-based) is preferably in contact with a barrier layer. In an embodiment, the lower support and the lower electrode extend beyond the upper edge in a first projecting zone, notably with a width of at least 3 mm and even at most 10 mm, and the upper support and the upper electrode extend beyond the lower edge in a second projecting zone opposite the first, notably with a width of at least 3 mm and even at most 10 mm. These first and second projecting zones, incorporating the electrodes (preferably for at least 5 mm), preferably allow for simplified electrical contact. The electrodes (ITO, silver-plated, etc.) may preferably extend to the upper and lower edges or be recessed, for example, by no more than 1 mm.

[0108] It is preferable to apply at least one first collector conductor (also called a bus bar or current supply, often straight) by soldering or bonding to the first protruding area of ​​the lower electrode and at least one second collector conductor by soldering or bonding to the second protruding area of ​​the upper electrode. The collector conductors used in this way are preferably made of wire or strip of electrically conductive film. The collector conductors then contain at least aluminum, copper, tinned copper, gold, silver, zinc, tungsten, and / or tin, or alloys thereof, for example. The strip preferably has a thickness of 10 µm to 500 µm, and more specifically, preferably 30 µm to 300 µm. Collector conductors made of electrically conductive films with these thicknesses are technically easy to implement and have advantageous current-carrying capacity.

[0109] A collector conductor can be printed, preferably containing at least one metal, a metal alloy, a metal compound, and / or carbon, particularly a precious metal, and especially silver. The printing paste preferably contains metallic particles, metallic particles, and / or carbon, and especially precious metal particles such as silver. Electrical conductivity is preferably achieved through electrically conductive particles. These particles can be embedded in an organic and / or inorganic matrix such as pastes or inks, preferably in the form of printing paste with glass frits. This formation can be produced quickly and easily in terms of production technology, as silver-containing materials are characterized by high electrical conductivity and are relatively stable in the long term.The layer thickness of printed collector conductors is preferably from 5 µm to 40 µm, particularly preferably from 8 µm to 20 µm, and especially preferably from 8 µm to 12 µm. Printed collector conductors with these thicknesses are technically easy to implement and have an advantageous current-carrying capacity.

[0110] The collector conductors are connected to a voltage source, for example via flat conductors (fpc).

[0111] For example, collector conductors are at least 3mm wide and at most 10mm or 7mm wide.

[0112] Preferably, the glazing includes a barrier element, at the periphery of the device, separating the electroactive layer from the laminate interlayer, a barrier element, on the periphery of the electroactive layer.

[0113] The barrier element is preferably designed to prevent the diffusion of plasticizers (PVB etc.) through it.

[0114] The barrier element preferably contains polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyvinyl fluoride. In particular, the barrier element seals the entire circumferential edge surface of the electroactive layer (PDLC).

[0115] The barrier element can be in contact with the electroactive layer (DDPDLC). The barrier element can be at a distance from the electroactive layer (DDPDLC) to avoid triggering an undesirable chemical reaction, while also preventing, for example, the diffusion of plasticizers from an interlayer (such as PVB).

[0116] One or more adhesion-enhancing layers may be placed between the device and the barrier element.

[0117] The barrier element comprises one or more individual layers (coating and / or film) preferably with a thickness of 0.02 mm to 0.2 mm, preferably from 0.04 mm to 0.15 mm.

[0118] In particular, in the configuration with the first and second protruding zones, the barrier element is external and comprises a polymer barrier coating or film (preferably PET thermoplastic), notably without plasticizers, or several coupled polymer (thermoplastic) barrier films, notably without plasticizers:

[0119] - barrier coating or film(s) covering all or part of the first protruding area or even extending onto the upper face Fs preferably by at least 5mm and at most 15mm and even extending to the rear face Fb, preferably PET,

[0120] - barrier coating or film(s) covering all or part of the second protruding area or even extending onto the back face and even extending to the top face preferably by at least 5mm and at most 15mm, barrier film(s), preferably PET.

[0121] The coating or barrier film(s) are on the perimeter, therefore present in the other two edge areas (non-protruding).

[0122] For example, the barrier element (film) includes:

[0123] - a polymer barrier film is a polymer frame (PET), in particular a Z-section frame (three portions), film in one piece around the perimeter or in parts (butted etc) - two polymer barrier films: a first film which is a polymer frame (PET), in particular of Z section (three portions), coupled to a second film which is a rectangular section frame.

[0124] Examples of barrier elements are described in requests WO2018188844A1, WO2019077014A1, WO2019238520, WO2019238521.

[0125] The first and second protruding areas can be the longitudinal edges of the device (rectangular, square in shape).

[0126] The choice of whether the sides protrude depends on the segmentation pattern of the device. Without segmentation, longitudinal or lateral edges can be more easily chosen.

[0127] The injection, the position of the light source (and the light redirection element), depends, for example, on the extraction pattern. If the design of the segmented device, the design of the extraction pattern, allows it, the injection (the light redirection element) can be located at one or more non-protruding edges, for example, lateral ones.

[0128] The barrier element (resin etc.) can be external and the device has no protruding areas, forming a sealing joint all around.

[0129] Alternatively, the barrier element is internal, forming a sealing joint which is at least partly internal, between the lower and upper supports, in particular with an (internal) width of no more than 1 cm.

[0130] An example of a sealing joint is described in application WO2019025178.

[0131] In particular, the barrier element, internal or external, including the coating or barrier film(s), preferably PET, is masked from the outside and / or the barrier element, preferably external, including the coating or barrier film(s), preferably PET, is opaque at least in part, including the opaque part opposite a light source on the F4 face side, preferably a set of light-emitting diodes.

[0132] A side window in a road vehicle (automobile) door is movable, moving approximately vertically along the door itself, between an open position where the window is fully or almost fully inside the door, and a closed position where it closes off a section of the door. In the closed position, this window creates a vertical separation between an interior space inside the vehicle and an exterior space outside the vehicle. A seal can define the top of the door frame within which the window slides when closed, and may even define the lower limit of visibility of the window.

[0133] Above the door seal, the vehicle door may have at least one part without a frame.

[0134] It is possible that the door:

[0135] - does not have a front side pillar and that it is the adjacent bodywork section, otherwise known as the "A-pillar", that guides the glazing, and / or

[0136] - does not have a rear side pillar and it is the adjacent bodywork part, otherwise called "the B-pillar" or "B-pillar" in English, that guides the glazing.

[0137] In an embodiment, particularly for a side (opening) glazing, preferably in the visible part of the glazing (predetermined or in position mounted in the vehicle, in a door), the glazing includes means for masking the outside of the first edge (or even a barrier element, internal seal) and even the other second edge of the optical insulating coating, called internal masking means, and preferably the glazing includes means for masking the inside of the first edge, and even the other second edge of the optical insulating coating, called internal masking means.

[0138] And preferably, external masking methods include a peripheral internal masking layer, notably opaque (black, grey, etc.), which is:

[0139] - a coating (opaque, black, grey), on face F2 (in particular enamel on face F2) -or even a coating on the upper support (side face F2)-, or a coating (polymer, resin) on the upper interlayer (preferably PVB-based),

[0140] - (and / )or an opaque interlayer (preferably PVB-based, black etc.) butted with the upper interlayer (preferably PVB-based), called short, set back from the first layer.

[0141] The internal peripheral masking layer, in particular coating (enamel) on face F2 or interlayer layer, can be 2mm or 3mm (less than 5mm) from the edge of the glazing (first edge for example) or even up to the edge.

[0142] Ideally, interior masking methods should include a peripheral inner masking layer, preferably opaque (black, gray, etc.). This layer can be:

[0143] - a coating (opaque, black, grey), on face F3 or F4, in particular enamel, or a coating (polymer, resin) on an interlayer (PVB-based), under the lower support - in particular on the lower interlayer or an additional interlayer between the lower interlayer and the lower support or on an interlayer frame

[0144] - (and / )or an opaque interlayer (preferably PVB-based, black, etc.) of the lamination interlayer, under the lower support, in particular an additional interlayer between the lower interlayer and the lower support or on an interlayer frame layer.

[0145] In particular, when the carrier film is separate from the lower support, an additional interlayer is shorter than the liquid crystal cell and an opaque frame layer forms the peripheral inner masking layer.

[0146] The internal peripheral masking layer, coating on face F4 or interlayer layer, can be 2mm or 3mm (less than 5mm) from the edge of the glazing (second slice for example) or even up to the edge.

[0147] Naturally, the internal masking layer is designed so as not to interfere with light injection into the glazing or with light guidance, at least upstream of the extraction mechanisms (and even when including them). Therefore, the internal masking layer is absent from the light injection zone and the guidance zone, at least upstream of the light extraction mechanisms (and even when including them).

[0148] The glazing can be a side window, particularly an opening one, the other side having a lower longitudinal edge below the lower visibility limit of the glazing (in the mounted position), notably defined by the door or even by a longitudinal (horizontal) seal, the peripheral internal masking layer comprises:

[0149] - a longitudinal upper (internal) masking band (external), preferably horizontal, coated over an interlayer or (enamel) on face F2

[0150] - or even one or two internal lateral masking strips, preferably a coating on an interlayer or (enamel) on face F2. And preferably the peripheral internal masking layer comprises:

[0151] - an upper inner longitudinal masking strip preferably congruent with the upper (inner) longitudinal masking strip, preferably a coating on an interlayer or (enamel) on face F3 (or even F4)

[0152] - or even one or more internal side masking strips preferably congruent with the internal side masking strip(s), preferably coating on an interlayer or (enamel) on face F3 (or even F4).

[0153] Alternatively, the peripheral internal masking layer forms a frame and, in particular when the glazing is a roof, a light source for optical guidance and even with a light redirection element, such as a reflective prismatic film or transparent, are masked by said internal peripheral masking layer.

[0154] Preferably, the peripheral internal masking layer (the strip(s)) is opposite the electroactive layer by a maximum of 10 mm, 5 mm, or 1 mm.

[0155] In the present invention, an optical density of at least 2 and / or a TL of at most 1% or even 0.1% is preferred for an opaque element.

[0156] Preferably, the width of the internal masking layer (upper longitudinal strip, side strips, etc.) – coating, opaque PVB – is at least 15 mm or 20 mm, and at most 40 mm for side glazing, particularly opening (and rear) glazing. Similarly, the width of the internal masking layer (upper longitudinal strip, side strips, etc.) – coating, opaque PVB – is preferably at least 15 mm or 20 mm, and at most 50 mm for side glazing, particularly opening (and rear) glazing.

[0157] The peripheral masking layer can form a frame (windshield, roof, fixed side window, etc.), often black. Specifically for a roof (of a road vehicle), the entire perimeter is masked to conceal bodywork elements or seals, or to protect adhesive used for vehicle assembly.

[0158] In particular, a light source for optical guidance, even with a light redirection element (reflective prismatic film or transparency), faces the internal peripheral masking layer. This internal peripheral masking layer is offset from the light injection zone and the useful light-guiding zone.

[0159] In particular for a roof, the width of the internal peripheral masking layer along the sides of a road vehicle window is generally less than that at the front or even the rear.

[0160] Specifically for a road vehicle roof:

[0161] - the width of the internal (and even interior) masking layer along the longitudinal edges can be a maximum of 30cm, in particular 10-20cm,

[0162] - The width of the internal (or even inner) masking layer along the rear side edge may be no more than 40 cm or 30 cm, and in particular, at least 1 cm or 5 cm, and along the front side edge no more than 60 cm or 40 cm, and in particular, at least 1 cm or 5 cm. For a road vehicle roof, the width of the internal masking layer is preferably greater than that of the outer masking layer. The outer masking layer is, in particular, congruent with or narrower than the width of the inner masking layer.

[0163] The internal and / or internal peripheral masking layer in the form of a coating can be an organic or mineral binder (fused glass frit) with an organic or inorganic coloring agent, including molecular dye or inorganic pigment.

[0164] The internal and / or internal peripheral masking layer, in the form of a coating, is preferably a continuous layer (flat with a solid edge or, alternatively, a gradient edge (a set of patterns)). The internal peripheral masking layer, in the form of a coating on face F4, may be adjacent to any functional coating on face F4, particularly a thermally insulating (low-emissivity) coating, which is at least within the clear glass area.

[0165] The glazing can be single laminated glazing (preferably for side glazing) or double (two layers of laminated glass).

[0166] In a first configuration, referred to as i), preferred—particularly for side glazing due to compactness reasons—the coated substrate is laminated between the second and third faces F2 and F3. The second layer has a refractive index n1 in the visible spectrum, preferably at least 1.48 and at most 1.6, notably from 1.5 to 1.53, and in particular ng = n1 (the guiding layer includes, and is even, the second layer, especially in extra-clear glass). In this first configuration i), the lower interlayer (preferably untinted, colorless, or otherwise clear) with a refractive index n3 in the visible spectrum is in adhesive contact with the third face F3 or with a functional transparent coating on face F3 (in the clear spectrum), particularly if n1 > n3 and n1 - n3 is preferably less than 0.05.n2 is less than n1 (and even n3), the difference in refractive indices n1-n2 being at least 0.06 in the visible, and better at least one of the following values: 0.07, 0.08.

[0167] In a second configuration, referred to as j), the vehicle glazing comprises a third sheet, made of mineral glass or polymer sheet, with a fifth principal face F5, a sixth principal face F6, and a third layer, with a visible refractive index n'1 preferably of at least 1.48 and at most 1.6, in particular from 1.5 to 1.53. The third sheet is bonded to the second sheet via another lamination interlayer comprising another upper interlayer and another lower interlayer in contact with the fifth face F5 and with a visible refractive index n'3. The coated substrate is located between the other upper and lower interlayers of said other lamination interlayer. In particular, ng = n'1 (the guiding layer comprises and is itself the third sheet). The coated carrier film (of the substrate) is then relatively far from the third sheet.However, the third sheet can be a light extraction sheet (guided between the optical insulating coating and the extraction zone), for example, diffusing or textured.

[0168] The third sheet (preferably curved) must be at least 0.7 mm thick (to facilitate light guidance), possibly less than the first glass sheet, even by as little as 2.2 mm – specifically 1.9 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.6 mm, and 1.4 mm – or even by as little as 1.3 mm or 1 mm. The third sheet is preferably made of extra-clear glass or a highly transparent polymer. Several configurations are possible for the lamination interlayer. The lower (clear) and / or upper (clear or tinted) interlayer, or any other interlayer, preferably a sheet, is thermoplastic or a cross-linked adhesive material, preferably chosen from polymers based on: polyvinyl butyral (PVB), or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) (thermoplastic or cross-linked), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), or an ionomer.An example of a monomer resin is marketed by Kuraray under the registered trademark SentryGlas®. The lower (clear) and / or upper (clear or tinted) interlayer of crosslinked adhesive material is, for example, a polyacrylate sheet.

[0169] An interlayer (laminate) may include a plasticizer preferably containing triethylene glycol-bis-(2-ethylhexanoate). Other preferred plasticizers are carboxylic acid esters, especially low-volatility carboxylic acid esters, fats, oils, soft resins, and camphor. Other plasticizers are preferably aliphatic diesters of tri- or tetraethylene glycol. 3G7, 3G8, or 4G7 are particularly preferred as plasticizers, the first number indicating the number of ethylene glycol units and the last number the number of carbon atoms in the carboxylic acid portion of the compound.

[0170] The preferably upper interlayer can be made of UV-resistant PVB, for example Eastman's UV-resistant PVB, designated RU41, for example to protect the electroactive layer.

[0171] The laminate interlayer (one of the lower, upper, or additional interlayer layers) can be acoustic, specifically comprising or being made of acoustic PVB (three-layer, four-layer, etc.). Thus, the laminate interlayer can comprise at least one middle layer made of a viscoelastic plastic material with vibro-acoustic damping properties, notably based on polyvinyl butyral and a plasticizer, and further comprising two outer layers of standard PVB, with the middle layer sandwiched between the two outer layers. Examples of acoustic PVBs described in patent applications WO2012 / 025685 and W02013 / 175101 include tinted PVBs, such as those described in WO2015079159.

[0172] The upper interlayer can be tinted, in particular with a light transmission known as TL of up to 73%, in particular tinted PVB.

[0173] An additional interlayer, between the lower (clear) and upper interlayer, can be tinted, in particular, with TL of up to 73%, or even with at least 13% (for example, to integrate a functional film, the liquid crystal cell).

[0174] Examples of commercial tinted films based on PVB and plasticizers and with inorganic pigments have, for example, TLs of approximately 6%, 13%, 27%, 73%.

[0175] The lower (clear) intercalated layer can notably have a TL of at least 90% and better at least 95% or 97%.

[0176] The lower interlayer (notably PVB or even a cross-linked polymer adhesive) can be the same size as the coated substrate (a framing layer may be necessary depending on the thickness of the coated substrate, particularly from 100 or 200 µm) and / or the liquid crystal cell, or be larger than the coated substrate and / or the liquid crystal cell. The upper or additional interlayer, or a framing interlayer, can be applied to protect the edges of the coated substrate. Particularly when the lower substrate carries the optical insulating coating, the lower interlayer (notably PVB or even a cross-linked polymer adhesive) can be the same size as the liquid crystal cell (a framing layer is necessary depending on the thickness of the liquid crystal cell, particularly from 100 or 200 µm) or larger than the liquid crystal cell.

[0177] And / or the upper interlayer (in particular PVB or even crosslinked polymer adhesive material) can be the same size as the liquid crystal cell (a framing layer is necessary depending on the thickness of the liquid crystal cell, especially from 100 or 200pm) or larger than the liquid crystal cell.

[0178] An interlayer frame, preferably thermoplastic and even PVB-based (with or without plasticizers), can be one or more sheets depending on the desired thickness and / or tint (clear and / or tinted or even opaque sheet).

[0179] The tinted spacer that is entirely or partially within the clear glass is preferably grey.

[0180] The frame spacer outside the tinted glass can be grey, black (opaque or almost opaque), preferably thermoplastic and even PVB-based (with or without plasticizers) especially the frame layer.

[0181] For the lamination interlayer (respectively the other lamination interlayer), a solution of "all PVB" in sheets, or a solution with PVB except for the lower interlayer layer of crosslinked adhesive material (OCA), film or coating, from a liquid adhesive resin that can be crosslinked, especially when the second sheet is made of glass (respectively the third sheet of glass) or polymer (PC, PMMA), especially with an index of n3 (or n'3) greater than 1.42.

[0182] For this lower interlayer, we can cite as a crosslinkable liquid adhesive resin the acrylate-based adhesive resin for example in particular the product called UZ181A (refractive index 1.47) from the company AKChemTeck.

[0183] In another example of a lower interlayer in the form of a crosslinked polymer adhesive coating, a crosslinkable ultraviolet (UV) mercapto ester-based resin, the product named NOA 65 from the Norland company with a refractive index of 1.524, is deposited.

[0184] In another example of a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer in the form of a crosslinked polymer adhesive coating, a one-component UV-curable resin based on polyfluorene with an acrylate function is deposited, the product named Shin-A SBPF-022 with a refractive index of 1.60.

[0185] The lower interlayer may include or even be a cross-linked polymer film of at least 30pm or 40pm or 50pm.

[0186] In particular, the lower interlayer is a pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) film, which bonds by contact after the application of mechanical pressure.

[0187] In particular, the lower interlayer of crosslinked polymer is a crosslinked polymer film, notably of at least 30 µm, which is preferably in adhesive contact with the third face F3 and, in particular:

[0188] - pressure-sensitive film, preferably chosen from acrylate-based or silicone-based polymers

[0189] - or a post-adhesive film made of a partially photocured polymer before assembly and photocured (with continued photocuring) after assembly, and preferably a post-adhesive film based on acrylate. An example of an acrylate-based PSA film is the product called CS986 (refractive index 1.49) from Nitto.

[0190] In the first configuration i) the lower laminated interlayer is in particular clear, in particular thermoplastic and / or crosslinked adhesive material, preferably selected from: EVA, TPU, PVB with at least 20% by weight of plasticizers preferably of a thickness of at least 200µm and at most 1 mm, or PVB with less than 20% by weight of plasticizers or without plasticizers preferably of at most 100µm and in particular of a thickness of at least 25µm, and the second sheet is of extra-clear mineral glass or PMMA or polycarbonate (PC).

[0191] In the second configuration j) the other lower interlayer is in particular clear and thermoplastic chosen from: EVA, TPU, PVB with plasticizers of thickness of no more than 380pm, PVB or little or without plasticizers of thickness of no more than 10Opm or 50pm and even of at least 20pm, and the third sheet is of extra clear mineral glass or PMMA or PC.

[0192] The laminated glazing according to the invention may include one of the following sequences (strict or open)

[0193] - first glass sheet (tinted or clear with possible electroconductive coating, infrared (IR) reflector, UV filter element, etc. on face F2) / upper thermoplastic interlayer (PVB, TPU or EVA) / liquid crystal cell / additional (clear) thermoplastic interlayer (PVB, TPU or EVA) or adhesive cross-linked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate, etc.) / coated substrate / lower (clear) thermoplastic interlayer (PVB, TPU or EVA) or adhesive cross-linked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate, etc.) / second glass sheet (extra-clear),

[0194] - first glass sheet (tinted or clear with possible electroconductive coating, IR reflector on face F2 and UV filter element) / upper thermoplastic interlayer (PVB, TPU or EVA) / liquid crystal cell / additional (clear) thermoplastic interlayer (PVB, TPU or EVA) or adhesive crosslinked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate etc) / coated substrate / lower (clear) thermoplastic interlayer (preferably TPU or EVA) or adhesive crosslinked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate etc) / second polymer sheet (PMMA, PC),

[0195] - first glass sheet (tinted or clear with possible electroconductive coating, IR reflector on face F2, UV filtering element on face F2) / upper thermoplastic interlayer (PVB, TPU or EVA) or adhesive crosslinked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate etc) / liquid crystal cell / lower thermoplastic interlayer (PVB, TPU or EVA) or adhesive crosslinked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate etc) / second glass or polymer sheet (PMMA, PC) / another upper thermoplastic interlayer (PVB, TPU or EVA) or adhesive crosslinked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate etc) / coated substrate / another lower (clear) thermoplastic interlayer (PVB, TPU or EVA) or adhesive crosslinked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate etc) / third glass sheet (extra clear).

[0196] For example, preferably:

[0197] - first glass sheet (tinted or clear with possible electroconductive coating, IR reflector on face F2, UV filtering element) / upper thermoplastic PVB interlayer (clear or tinted) / liquid crystal cell / additional (clear) thermoplastic interlayer (PVB, TPU or EVA) or adhesive cross-linked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate etc) / coated substrate / lower (clear) thermoplastic PVB interlayer or adhesive cross-linked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate etc) with possible diffusing coating on the back face or face F3 / second glass sheet (extra clear),

[0198] - first glass sheet (tinted or clear with possible electroconductive coating, reflecting IR on face F2 and UV filtering element) / upper thermoplastic PVB interlayer / liquid crystal cell / additional (clear) thermoplastic interlayer (PVB, TPU or EVA) or adhesive crosslinked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate etc) / coated substrate / lower thermoplastic interlayer (preferably TPU or EVA) or adhesive crosslinked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate etc) / second polymer sheet (PMMA, PC).

[0199] - first glass sheet (tinted or clear with possible electroconductive coating, reflecting IR on face F2 and UV filtering element) / upper thermoplastic interlayer PVB or adhesive crosslinked polymer material (OCA) / liquid crystal cell / lower thermoplastic interlayer (PVB, TPU or EVA) or adhesive crosslinked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate etc) / second glass sheet / another upper thermoplastic interlayer (PVB, TPU or EVA) or adhesive crosslinked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate etc) / coated substrate / another lower thermoplastic interlayer (PVB, TPU or EVA) or adhesive crosslinked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate etc) / third glass sheet (extra clear).

[0200] According to one embodiment, the coated substrate being laminated between the second and third faces F2 and F3 and distinct from the lower support, the lamination interlayer includes an additional interlayer, the coated substrate being between the additional interlayer and the lower interlayer, and even in contact (adhesive) with the additional interlayer.

[0201] - The additional interlayer, which is thermoplastic and even PVB-based or made of cross-linked adhesive material, is in contact with the lower substrate

[0202] - or the lamination interlayer has another additional interlayer, made of cross-linked adhesive material, in contact with the lower support and the additional interlayer, and the additional interlayer is thermoplastic and even PVB-based.

[0203] In a particular embodiment (of configuration i) – notably when there is no additional interlayer – the lower substrate (of the liquid crystal cell) forms the carrier film, with the optical insulating coating on the rear face Fb of the carrier film. Alternatively, with the coated substrate laminated between the second and third faces F2 and F3 and distinct from the lower substrate, the second edge extends beyond the first edge, for example, by at least 1 mm or 5 mm, and even by a maximum of 10 cm, 5 cm, or 1 cm.

[0204] In particular, (the coated substrate being laminated between the second and third faces F2 and F3 and ng=n1), the lower support forms the carrier film, with the optical insulating coating on the rear face Fb of the carrier film. The lower interlayer, which is clear, for example thermoplastic or a cross-linked adhesive material, is then preferably in contact with the optical insulating coating. If necessary, the lamination interlayer includes an additional interlayer, made of a cross-linked adhesive material, between the optical insulating coating and the lower interlayer, which is thermoplastic, clear, for example PVB or even EVA.

[0205] More generally, it is preferred that the optical insulating coating be on the back face (Fb) of the carrier film. Depending on the specific characteristic, particularly when the vehicle glazing is a roof, especially on a road vehicle, at least one element is tinted: the first glass pane, the upper interlayer of the lamination (or even the second glass pane, and another upper interlayer of the lamination if there is a third glass pane). The tinted layer of the lamination is, for example, made of PVB (polyvinyl butyral), typically tinted gray.

[0206] Any interlayer layer in a laminate can be thermoplastic or a crosslinked adhesive, often transparent (designated as OCA for "Optical Clear Adhesive"). OCAs are typically acrylic, polyvinyl acetate (PVA), polyurethane (PU), or epoxy. The transparent adhesive (OCA) can be deposited in a solid, pressure-sensitive form (PSA film), or in a liquid form (LOCA) and cured during the lamination process, forming an interlayer layer after curing. In the following description, "OCA" refers to OCA deposited in either a solid or liquid (LOCA) state. The curing mechanism of liquid OCA depends on its composition; some OCAs cure under the application of energy, such as ultraviolet light, while others cure at room temperature with the addition of a hardener.

[0207] Depending on the characteristic, the upper interlayer and / or the lower interlayer and / or the additional interlayer are made of PVB (polyvinyl butyral), with or without plasticizers (preferably with plasticizers for the upper and additional interlayers). In a preferred example, the upper interlayer and the lower or additional interlayer in contact with the liquid crystal cell are made of PVB, with or without plasticizers (preferably with plasticizers for the upper or additional interlayer). In particular, a PVB thickness of at least 0.3 mm and preferably at most 0.7 mm is chosen.

[0208] In the present invention, the term crosslinked polymer refers to the family of thermosetting polymers in the broad sense (any crosslinking method).

[0209] A crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention can contain at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% by weight of polymer(s) and even at most 20%, 10%, 5%, 2%, 1% of additives.

[0210] A crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention may contain a main polymer (or base polymer) of at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% by weight of polymer(s).

[0211] A crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention may include other additives (preferably less than 10%, 5%, or 1% by weight of the layer) such as at least one of the following:

[0212] - crosslinking agent, for example, photoinitiators (residuals),

[0213] - plasticizers (for added flexibility)

[0214] - Membership promoters

[0215] - Additives for durability.

[0216] The degree of polymerization or even crosslinking of a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention is not necessarily 100%; the material may therefore contain residual prepolymers, monomers, and oligomers. The layer can be analyzed by NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) after crosslinking to determine the degree of polymerization.

[0217] In particular, the upper and / or lower interlayer and / or additional interlayer may be a cross-linked polymer adhesive layer, notably of the acrylic, polyvinyl acetate (PVA), polyurethane (PU), or epoxy type. The transparent adhesive material (OCA) may be deposited in solid form, or in liquid form and cured during the lamination process.

[0218] Laminated glazing may include UV blockers or absorbers or UV reflectors that filter ultraviolet radiation, particularly to preserve the liquid crystal cell over time.

[0219] Also, in one example, a UV filter is placed between the upper support and face F2; specifically:

[0220] -is a (thin) layer on face F1 or F2 of the first sheet of glass, or even on the upper support (side face F2)

[0221] -or is the upper intercalated layer.

[0222] When the UV filter is an interlayer, it is for example a film made of polymeric material which is based on at least one polymer chosen from the following polymers: polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyurethane (PU), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyacetate resin, acrylate, fluorinated ethylene propylene, polyvinyl fluoride, ethylene tetrafluoroethylene, cyclic olefin copolymer (COC), adhesive crosslinked polymer material.

[0223] The thickness of the polymeric film with UV filter function is preferably between 0.02 mm and 2 mm, preferably from 0.3 mm to 1 mm.

[0224] Advantageously, to further increase luminance:

[0225] - the difference in refractive indices ng-n2 (n1 -n2 or n'1-n2) is at least 0.08 in the visible range and preferably at least one of the following values: 0.09, 0.1, 0.11, 0.12, 0.13, 0.14, 0.15, 0.16, 0.17, 0.18, 0.19, 0.2, 0.21, 0.22, 0.23, 0.24, 0.25, 0.26, 0.27, 0.28, 0.29, 0.3, 0.31, 0.32, 0.33, 0.34, 0.35,

[0226] - the thickness Ei is at least 800nm, 900nm, 1 pm and preferably less than or equal to one of the following values: 10pm, 5pm, 3pm, 2pm.

[0227] For mechanical strength (especially if low index nanoparticles and / or porosities in the optical insulating coating) and / or depending on product availability (less easy at very low index), one may want to limit the difference in refractive indices ng-n2 (n1-n2 or n'1 -n2) and choose at most 0.2 or at most 0.15 and preferably at least 0.10, 0.11, 0.12, this in particular for n1 or n'1 from 1.5 to 1.53 (with second or third glass sheet).

[0228] The carrier film (and possibly the lower interlayer, second sheet, or even another lower interlayer, third sheet) has a blur of no more than 1°, or even 0.5° (outside areas with light extraction mechanisms). Inclusions and pinholes are best avoided.

[0229] In particular, with n1 of 1.5 to 1.53 in the visible spectrum (like a sheet of glass), especially at 600nm and preferably from 500nm to 750nm and even from 380nm to 750nm, n2 and / or the average index n2 m may be less than or equal to one of the following values: 1.42, 1.41, 1.40, 1.39, 1.38, 1.37, 1.36, 1.35, 1.34, 1.33, 1.32, 1.31, 1.30, 1.29, 1.28, 1.27, 1.26, 1.25, 1.2, 1.19, 1.18, 1.16, 1.17, 1.15.

[0230] In particular, with n1 of at least 1.55 in the visible, the refractive index n2 in the visible, especially at 600nm and preferably from 500nm to 750nm and even from 380nm to 750nm, can also be less than or equal to one of the following values: 1.50, 1.49, 1.48, 1.47. The optical insulating coating can occupy at least 80%, 90%, 95% and even 100% (non-marginal) of the surface of the carrier film (deposition face), especially polymer film (and even thermoplastic), especially which is the lower support (lower electrode).

[0231] The optical insulating coating can have good adhesion to the carrier film (substrate) according to the invention, preferably polymer (and even thermoplastic, in particular without plasticizer).

[0232] For example, the carrier film (possibly the lower support) preferably polymer (better thermoplastic especially without plasticizer and even polyester, PET) has on the deposition face (Fa or Fb) a smooth face, a low surface roughness (especially parameter Rz) of no more than 1 pm.

[0233] For optimal optical quality, the thickness Ei of the optical isolating coating varies by no more than ±5%. The Ei thickness is preferably kept as low as possible to avoid high material costs without compromising optical performance.

[0234] The optical insulating coating is transparent but can be tinted or clear, in particular having (on its own) a light transmission of at least 80% or at least 90%.

[0235] The optical insulating coating preferably extends throughout the clear (central) part of the glazing, its edge (called second other edge) being notably under a masking frame layer (ink or enamel, opaque such as black, etc.) closer to face F2 than the latter, which is a full opaque layer and possibly with discontinuous opaque patterns (gradient for more transparency towards the center), detailed later.

[0236] The optical insulating coating is preferably a continuous layer (mineral or organic or hybrid, especially with low index nanoparticles, for example hollow silica) which occupies all the clear glass and even all or part of the coated Fa or Fb face.

[0237] For example the carrier film has, on the side of the light injection, a marginal area without the optical insulating coating of at most 4mm or 1 mm (in particular frame or on one or more sides forming one or more marginal bands).

[0238] The optical insulating coating is, for simplicity, a single layer but can be manufactured in one or more passes (by liquid process).

[0239] The optical insulating coating can be topped with a functional layer, such as a protective layer: a diffusion barrier and / or mechanical protection, for example, a film no more than 100 µm thick and at least 30 µm thick, or a coating no more than 10 µm thick. An optical insulating coating can be chosen with a matrix (organic, mineral) and low-index nanoparticles (or hollow and / or porous) with a dense overlayer (organic, mineral) of the same matrix.

[0240] Preferably, especially to simplify manufacturing, on the carrier film, preferably thermoplastic polymer -or crosslinked-, the optical insulating coating can be organic, crosslinked polymer or thermoplastic, and the protective overlayer organic, for example thermoplastic polymer or crosslinked.

[0241] In a first realization, the optical insulating coating is on the rear face Fb, in particular the carrier film (substrate), in particular polymer and even PET, is clear or tinted.

[0242] In a second embodiment, the optical insulating coating is on the front face Fa - and the film, particularly polymer and even PET, - carrier, is clear, in particular has a refractive index n4 greater than n2 (and even greater than ng, n3 and n1 or n'3 and n'1). For example, n4-n2 of at least 0.05 or even one of the following values: 0.1, 0.2, 0.3.

[0243] The carrier film according to the invention, preferably polymer, not sticking to the glass, is in adhesive contact with the lamination interlayer (respectively with the other lamination interlayer) which links the first and second sheets (respectively second and third sheets).

[0244] According to one characteristic, the light injection (from one or more light sources) is, in a lower part of the glazing, under the optical insulating coating (therefore in the direction of face F4). Preferably (in configuration i) injection into the second layer and / or the lower interlayer or (in configuration j)) into a possible third layer or even under the third layer (notably via face F6, light refracted into the third layer).

[0245] In configuration i), this light injection can be via an internal wall of a hole (through) in the second sheet or with injection through the (second) slice of the second sheet (in particular the second glass sheet is shorter or has a recess to place the light source) or via the fourth face F4, light refracted into the second sheet, as detailed later) In configuration j), this light injection can be via an internal wall of a hole (through) in the third sheet or with injection through the (third) slice of the third sheet (in particular the third glass sheet is shorter or has a recess to place the light source) or via the face F6, light refracted into the third sheet.The third sheet can be locally textured or diffusive and even thick enough to facilitate injection into the latter, the guidance, for example a polymer sheet (polymethacrylate PMMA etc).

[0246] The glazing may include (for light injection) one or more light sources (peripheral, adjacent and / or opposite edges, particularly longitudinal), notably comprising one or more series of diodes. Optionally, each series of diodes is directly coupled to the second (respectively third) pane of glass – notably via the edge or through the fourth face F4- (respectively F6) – or is coupled to an additional external guide for light injection into the glazing, for example, an optical extraction fiber with a light exit zone along the edge of the second (respectively third) pane.

[0247] In the case of a roof, it is preferable to have at least two sets of diodes called longitudinal series (diodes arranged along the longitudinal edges, parallel or not to these edges) and / or two sets of diodes called lateral series (diodes arranged along the lateral edges, parallel or not to these edges). For a given edge, a series of diodes can be in the form of several diode strips joined or separated (or even connected), preferably aligned.

[0248] In the case of a side window, particularly a sliding one, a longitudinal series of diodes is preferred (diodes arranged near the lower longitudinal edge, below the visibility limit, preferably linked to the glazing and even to a main face F2 or F4). A longitudinal series of diodes can be in the form of several diode strips joined or separated (or even connected), preferably aligned.

[0249] In particular, the luminance extracted from laminated glazing (especially lateral and even opening glazing) is at least 2 cd / m² 2 and even at least 10 or 20 cd / m 2 Contrast (user experience) is improved in dark mode. In particular, in a side window (opening or fixed), the light source placed opposite F4 (in the door) is at most 25mm thick.

[0250] Several light injection configurations (for guidance in the guidance layer) are possible.

[0251] In one embodiment, in first configuration i), the glazing may include a light source, preferably an array of light-emitting diodes, which is optically coupled with the guiding layer (preferably the second sheet of glass, preferably mineral):

[0252] - by a light redirection element, -local-, light redirection element reflector and third main face F3 side or transparent light redirection element fourth main face F4 side.

[0253] - by all or part of the second tranche,

[0254] - or by a wall of a hole (through thickness, closed) of the second sheet (or several walls of several holes), in particular a hole offset from a clear pane of glass, facing an internal masking layer.

[0255] In the case of light injection through the second layer, the light source is coupled to the layer of the second sheet, possibly within a through-hole in the peripheral notch. The light source can be housed in a polymer encapsulation as described in patent application WO2010049638, particularly in Figure 15 or Figure 16 of that patent application, and may even have a recess for removal or replacement of the source.

[0256] In the case of light injection via an internal wall of a hole, the second sheet, particularly one made of mineral glass, has at least one peripheral hole (through or even blind in thickness, open on the fourth face F4 at least) and the light source is coupled to the wall of the second sheet delimiting the hole, preferably housed within the hole. The light source, particularly diodes, can be inside the hole, or can be combined with an optical element (guiding the light) between the injection wall and the light source in the hole or inside the passenger compartment. Examples of implementations described in patents WO2018 / 178591 or WO2013 / 110885 can be cited. The peripheral hole (through or even blind in thickness, open on the fourth face F4 at least) is masked by a masking layer in the case of a roof, otherwise for a side window (fixed or opening) concealed within the door.

[0257] Alternatively, in the second configuration j), the light source, preferably an array of light-emitting diodes, is optically coupled with the third sheet by all or part of the third slice called the injection slice, possibly with a notch housing the source or preferably the injection slice (longitudinal or lateral), set back at least 10 mm and at most 200 mm from the second slice, thus leaving an area called the overhanging area of ​​the second sheet, the light source being under or even fixed to the overhanging area.

[0258] In the case of light injection by relocating the (each) light source to the passenger compartment side (F4 side or even F6 side in configuration j)), preferably the peripheral light redirection element(s) (preferably prismatic) is:

[0259] -reflector and third face F3 side in particular prismatic, comprising reflective prisms in particular oriented towards the third face F3 or towards the second face F2 -or transparent fourth main face F4 side in particular comprising a macroprism or transparent prisms, preferably prism(s) oriented towards the passenger compartment.

[0260] Each light source is then opposite or offset from the fourth main face F4 (or F6 in configuration j)) in particular direct optical coupling or via optics, in particular light source and light redirection element offset by a clear pane of glass, facing an internal masking layer.

[0261] An optical element (collimation element, etc.) can be placed between each light source and the fourth face F4 (or F6 in configuration j), specifically an optical element fixed to the fourth face F4 (or F6 in configuration j). The light source can be fixed to the fourth face F4 (or F6 in configuration j). The principal direction of the light source's radiation (before or after collimation) can be adjusted. In particular, since the coated substrate is laminated between the second and third faces F2 and F3, the laminated glazing includes a light source, preferably an array of light-emitting diodes, which is located on the fourth face F4 (and even on the face F6 for configuration j), and coupled to a light redirection element (local, peripheral) – redirection within the guiding layer – which is;

[0262] - a prismatic reflecting element, on the third face F3 side (and even on the face F5 side), particularly opposite the light source, including reflecting prisms oriented towards the third face F3 or towards the second face F2 (and even oriented towards the face F5 or towards the face F6)

[0263] - a transparent redirection element on the fourth main face F4 (and even face F6), in particular prismatic, in particular comprising prisms between the source and face F4, or a (macro)prism adjacent to the light source (preferably side-emitting diodes). The redirected light propagates between the fourth face F4 and the optical insulating coating.

[0264] For example, the (macro)prism is based on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polyamide (PA), cyclic olefin (COC, COP) (co)polymer.

[0265] A prismatic element (with microprisms) is preferred for reasons of space, particularly for a side window (opening or fixed).

[0266] The light redirection element is notably on the third face F3 (in the first configuration i)) is notably in contact with the laminate interlayer or with a local adhesive, in particular a prismatic reflective polymer film.

[0267] Preferably, in order to avoid generating stray light escaping towards the second face F2 and diffusing, (the inner edge of) the light redirection element (peripheral) which is transparent and on the fourth main face F4 (for example, a prismatic element comprising prisms or a macroprism, of triangular cross-section, any other element: quadrilateral etc.) or is a reflective prismatic element (in particular a film), comprising reflective prisms, in particular oriented towards the third face F3 or towards the second face F2, preferably offset from the liquid crystal cell, and the light redirection element is:

[0268] - at least partially opposite the optical insulating coating

[0269] - or at most 4mm, preferably at most 1mm, from the optical insulating coating.

[0270] Preferably (in the first configuration i)), the reflective light redirection element is a prismatic reflector element, preferably located at most 30 pm above the coated face of the optical insulating coating or in the plane of the coated face or closer to the third face F3. The base or apex of the prisms of the reflective prismatic element, in particular a reflective prismatic film, is preferably located at most 30 pm above the coated face or in the plane of the coated face or closer to the third face F3.

[0271] The reflective light redirection element may comprise a prismatic (textured) film (with a smooth (non-textured, non-functional) main surface and a textured, functional opposite surface), flexible and therefore curved to adapt to the curvature of the laminated glass. In particular:

[0272] -a partially structured transparent polymer film forming (micro)prisms -and with a reflective coating (metallic, silver, aluminum) forming a conformal deposit-

[0273] -or a transparent (planar) polymer film, forming a substrate, with on a main surface a transparent (polymer) layer with an arrangement of (micro)prisms and with a reflective coating forming a conforming deposit-.

[0274] The (micro)prisms (reflectors) are oriented towards the third face F3 or towards the second face F2 (in the first configuration i)). The reflective coating is thus oriented towards the third face F3 or towards the second face F2.

[0275] The reflective light redirection element (comprising a textured film, particularly a prismatic polymer film, or a substrate film, particularly a polymer film and a textured, prismatic layer, as well as a reflective coating) can be bonded to the third face F3 directly or via at least one adhesive, or held by suction (strong interaction), particularly by the pressure of the assembly (in the first configuration i)). The reflective light redirection element is, for example, placed on the third face and, after the air is drawn out, a suction effect occurs.

[0276] The prisms can be at least 1 µm high, and preferably no more than 100, 50, or 30 µm. The film, particularly the prismatic polymer or microprism substrate (prismatic layer, organic for example), can be less than 200 µm, 10 µm, 80 µm, or 50 µm thick, and even at least 30 µm thick. If the film (reflecting prisms) is oriented towards the third face F3, the substrate film can be tinted and even opaque or opacified. For example, it could be a PET film supporting the reflective microprisms, tinted or even opaque black.

[0277] Preferably the prismatic film has a total thickness of at most 500pm or even 400pm or 200pm or 100pm.

[0278] In particular, the light redirection element is a prismatic reflector element, comprising reflector prisms, notably oriented towards the third face F3 or towards the second face F2, arranged on the side of the third main face F3, is:

[0279] - on the third face F3, particularly in contact with the lower interlayer or a frame interlayer (light) - especially if the interlayer is the same size as the coated substrate,

[0280] - in the laminate interlayer, particularly those based on PVB,

[0281] - embedded in the lower interlayer, particularly PVB-based (with or without plasticizers) or in a clear frame interlayer around the perimeter of the coated film, particularly PVB-based (with or without plasticizers),

[0282] - on the lower interlayer, between the lower interlayer, particularly based on PVB (with or without plasticizers), and the upper interlayer (preferably with plasticizers), clear or tinted, or a frame interlayer around the perimeter of the coated film, clear, tinted and even opaque, particularly based on PVB (with or without plasticizers),

[0283] - on the front face Fa, particularly in contact with the upper intercalated layer or an additional intercalated layer, or rear face Fb, particularly in contact with the lower intercalated layer.

[0284] In particular, the light redirection element is a prismatic reflector element, which is a prismatic reflector film having reflector prisms oriented towards the third face F3 and bonded to the face F3 by a local adhesive.

[0285] Preferably, the prismatic redirecting element (particularly one comprising a polymer film and prisms) should have a width (preferably less than the width of a masking layer) of no more than 10 cm, or at most 5 cm, or even at most 2 cm, and ideally at least 1 cm, and a length similar to that of the linear (custom-made) light source. It could be a rectangular strip with rounded corners, for example.

[0286] Microprisms (equipped with the reflective coating) act in particular as reflective prisms and reflect the light that strikes them in a direction that depends on the angle of inclination of the prism surfaces and the angle of incidence of the light.

[0287] For example, a prismatic film consists of a transparent thermoplastic polymer film, for example, made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), onto which transparent prisms are formed from a polyacrylate (a resin crosslinked, for example, by UV). A partially textured layer is preferred. For reflective prismatic films, a metallic layer (conformal coating), for example, silver or aluminum, is added.

[0288] The transparent film of the prismatic film preferably has a light transmission of at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, very preferably at least 90%.

[0289] Microprisms, for example, have a triangular cross-section. Prisms, for example, are joined together.

[0290] For example, the total thickness of the prismatic reflective film is at most 500pm (in particular at least 30 or 50pm) and even at most the thickness of the lower interlayer and / or the coated film (substrate).

[0291] An optical element (collimation element, etc.) can be placed between the light source and the fourth face F4, specifically an optical element fixed to the fourth face F4. The light source can also be fixed to the fourth face F4.

[0292] Each light source (diode array(s), particularly longitudinal ones) on the fourth side can be connected to a collimating optic or collimator. The light source, with an optional collimator, can be attached to the fourth side, either directly or with spaced joints and a peripheral support fixed to the fourth side. The collimator is located in the optical path of the light source. The collimator generates a light beam from the generally divergent light beam of the light source, with a beam path that is preferably essentially parallel, or at least a less divergent, i.e., more concentrated, beam path. The beam cone of the light source is thus narrowed by the collimator. The principal direction of the light source's radiation can be adjusted, for example, to form an angle with the normal to the glazing, for example, 22° to the normal to the glazing.The collimator can be made of glass or transparent plastic, particularly polycarbonate (PC) or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). The collimator is preferably attached to the inner surface of the inner window, for example, by gluing. If the light source is designed as an arrangement of several LEDs, a separate collimator can be provided for each LED. However, it is preferable to use a single collimator for the entire LED arrangement. For example, in the case of a linear array of LEDs (especially a longitudinal LED strip), a collimator can be used whose length is at least equal to the length of the LED array.

[0293] An interlayer frame placed above any light redirection element (particularly a prismatic reflector element) can be tinted or even opaque, black especially to mask any stray light. The frame layer can be locally opaque (in a band) or opaque around its entire perimeter.

[0294] The possible inner peripheral masking layer (facing F4) may include a space to avoid blocking optical coupling, in particular to allow the light source rays to pass to the light redirection element, in particular a prismatic element and even a reflector.

[0295] This (transparent) redirecting film is, for example, longitudinal in shape, with rounded corners, for example, the length of the window opening. This redirecting film can be no more than 0.5 mm or 0.4 mm thick, and in particular at least 50 µm or 100 µm.

[0296] Each light source and each light redirection element, including prismatic elements and / or reflectors, can be offset by a clear window area, facing an internal masking layer. The redirection element (including prismatic redirection film) and / or the light source is, for example, at most 100 mm from the clear window area and / or preferably at least 10 or 20 mm. The outer edge of the light redirection element (including prismatic elements and reflectors, particularly prismatic reflector film) can be at least 10 mm from the first and / or second layer of the first sheet and / or the second layer, and even at least one of the following values: 15 mm, 20 mm, 25 mm, or 30 mm.

[0297] In particular, for a liquid crystal cell with a thickness of at least 0.2 mm, an interlayer frame (made of the same material as the upper and lower interlayers), notably based on PVB (or a pressure-sensitive, thermo-crosslinked adhesive, for example), surrounds and touches the first edge of the liquid crystal cell and is located between and in contact with the two upper and lower interlayers. This peripheral interlayer frame forms part of the lamination interlayer. For liquid crystal cells with a thickness of 0.2 mm or less, the thermoplastic material can flow sufficiently.

[0298] Preferably for any liquid crystal cell according to the invention, a thickness of at least 300 pm is preferred.

[0299] The first edge of the liquid crystal cell can be at least 10mm away from the first slice of the first sheet (or the second sheet) and even at least one of the following values: 15mm, 20mm, 25mm, 30mm.

[0300] In the configuration with a carrier film separate from the lower support, to avoid the risks of breakage, bubbling, and "co-wrinkling" or pressure on the electroactive layer), the first edge of the liquid crystal cell and the second edge of the carrier film can be aligned but preferably to avoid a step due to the carrier film, the second edge extends beyond the first edge for example by at least 1 mm or 5 mm and even by at most 10 cm or 5 cm or 1 cm.

[0301] And alternatively, better cumulatively, to avoid the risks of breakage, bubbling, and "co-wrinkling", pressure on the electroactive layer), the reflective prismatic film (its inner edge) is preferably offset from the liquid crystal cell (and even away from the first edge), for example a preferred safety distance between the first edge of the liquid crystal cell and the inner edge of the prismatic film is at least 1 mm, 10 mm, 20 mm or in particular 30 mm.

[0302] In particular, the extraction means possibly between the optical insulating coating and the F3 face opposite the lower support are of a thickness of at most 50µm.

[0303] Naturally, laminated glazing can include a light source in optical coupling with the guidance layer arranged under the optical insulating coating (further from face F2 than the optical insulating coating), and means for extracting guided light in the guidance layer, which are on the third side face F3 or face F4 in configuration i) or on the fifth side face F5 or face F6 in configuration j).

[0304] Each light source can be detachable, added, sold separately or as a kit.

[0305] The means of extraction can be temporary (detachable stickers) and therefore added or replaced, in particular on the fourth side (respectively side F6), or permanent, in particular on the third side (respectively side F5).

[0306] Each light source is preferably a set of light-emitting diodes (on a printed circuit board such as a PCB for "printed circuit board" in English, for example flexible), in particular a straight or curved strip.

[0307] Preferably, diodes are surface-mounted components on the front side of a printed circuit board (PCB) with conductive traces. The width (or length) of a diode with a single semiconductor chip, generally a square diode, is preferably no more than 5 mm. The width of the PCB, in strip form, is preferably no more than 5 cm, better still no more than 2 cm, and even no more than 1 cm.

[0308] One or more light sources (peripheral, preferably offset from the glazing or the clear glass) can be used, along with several sets of diodes. The light source(s) can be monochromatic (emitting blue, green, red, etc.) or polychromatic, or be adapted or combined to produce, for example, white light; they can be continuous or discontinuous, etc. The light source can be extended linearly (as a rectangular strip like a diode array) along one side of the glazing (longitudinal edges) or split (with similar or distinct light, for example, different colors and intensities, controlled independently or simultaneously) along both sides.

[0309] The means of light extraction may define at least a first diffusing zone, for example with a width of at least 0.5mm, in particular a first diffusing zone that is solid and / or includes a set of discontinuous diffusing patterns.

[0310] Laminated glass can include multiple diffusing zones of identical or distinct sizes and / or shapes. The extraction zone can therefore cover part or all of the laminated glass depending on the lighting or the desired effect (in the form of strips arranged around the perimeter of one face to form a luminous frame, logos or patterns, etc.).

[0311] The diffusing area can be in several zones, for example each with patterns, identical or distinct, continuous or discontinuous, and can be of any geometric shape (rectangular, square, triangular, circular, oval, etc.), and can form a design, a sign (arrow, letter...).

[0312] Under the optical insulating coating (further from face F2 than the insulating coating), means for extracting light, guided light in the guiding layer, are for example in the form of:

[0313] - laser engraving in the guide (mineral), particularly the second or third sheet of glass,

[0314] - texturizing (acid attack on the glass, etc.), textured film (especially in the second sheet),

[0315] - or diffusing coating (or film), preferably transparent, with a binder and diffusing particles, binder (organic, mineral or hybrid) preferably transparent with a refractive index n5 greater than or equal to n1 or n3 or n'1 and n3, in particular of at least 1.48.

[0316] The means of extracting light can thus be a frosted area of ​​the second glass sheet (respectively of the third glass sheet) or at least an area etched into the thickness of the second glass sheet (respectively of the third glass sheet) or even diffusing elements, such as glass particles or fibers, incorporated into the lamination interlayer or the other lamination interlayer.

[0317] Beyond adding an optical insulating coating (and an extra-clear guiding layer), there are various ways to increase the luminance performance of laminated glass: by adjusting the extraction methods (choice of transparency level, blur, and diffusing particle content) and / or the LED light injection. The transparency level is sometimes chosen based on a compromise between transparency and luminance.

[0318] Optionally, a diffusing coating forming a means of light extraction, preferably localized or discontinuous (a set of patterns, etc.), is placed opposite the liquid crystal cell and is on the lower interlayer, particularly a thermoplastic layer, especially one based on PVB (for example, with plasticizers) – or the other lower thermoplastic interlayer, particularly one based on PVB – in contact with the back face Fb or, preferably, with the optical insulating coating. The diffusing coating on the lower thermoplastic interlayer may be in contact with the back face (Fb, bare or with an undercoat), or with the optical insulating coating (on the Fb face), or even in contact with the F3 face.

[0319] Preferably, the diffusing coating is on the lower interlayer, which is PVB-based; the entire lower interlayer and diffusing coating having a blur of no more than 20%; the binder of the diffusing coating being organic, preferably chosen from polymers based on polyacrylate, polyepoxides, polyvinyl acetate, polyester, or polyurethane.

[0320] When the light extraction method uses a diffusing coating (printed ink) on a PVB interlayer or on the coated substrate itself, rather than on the second (or third) glass sheet, it is easier to change the extraction pattern and tooling for printing on a flat film than on curved glass. For mechanical strength and, above all, to retain glass fragments, it is also better to have the extraction on a coated substrate or PVB than on glass. The diffusing coating, preferably transparent (in its off state), partially covers the lower interlayer (or the other lower interlayer).

[0321] For example, this diffusing coating (rear face Fb) facing face F2 is deposited on the lower thermoplastic (PVB) interlayer (or the other lower thermoplastic (PVB) interlayer) and preferably occupies at most 50% or 40% of the glazing, or the clear glass area, or the lower interlayer (or the other lower interlayer). For example, this diffusing coating is on face F3 or the F3 face side of the lower thermoplastic (PVB) interlayer (or the other lower thermoplastic (PVB) interlayer) and preferably occupies at most 40% or 30% of the glazing, or the clear glass area, or the lower interlayer (or the other lower interlayer).

[0322] The binder for the diffusing coating can be a transparent ink. Extraction methods include, for example, a diffusing layer in the form of ink on a polymeric film (such as PVB with or without a plasticizer) made up of the lower interlayer or another layer.

[0323] Preferably the entire diffusing coating on its substrate (second sheet, third sheet, lower interlayer) has a light transmission of at least 80% and a blur of at most 30%.

[0324] In particular, laminated glazing includes, under the optical insulating coating, means for extracting light, comprising a diffusing coating, preferably transparent, with a binder and diffusing particles, binder preferably of refractive index n5 greater than or equal to n1 (or even n3) or n'1 (or even n'3), in particular of at least 1.48.

[0325] Especially :

[0326] - in first configuration i) the lower interlayer layer (thermoplastic such as PVB) or the second sheet is the substrate of the diffusing coating, (thus on face F4 or F3 or rear face side Fb), in particular possibly in contact with the optical insulating coating on the rear face Fb,

[0327] - in second configuration j) the other lower intercalated layer (thermoplastic such as in PVB) or the third sheet is the substrate of the diffusing coating, (thus on the face F5 or F6 or rear face side Fb), in particular possibly in contact with the optical insulating coating on the rear face Fb.

[0328] For example, the binder of the diffusing coating is organic, in particular cross-linked polymer, chosen from polymer based on polyacrylate, polyepoxides, polyvinyl acetate, polyester, polyurethane, or even thermoplastic based on PVB, or even TPU.

[0329] The lower interlayer can be PVB-based, comprising 70% to 75% PVB by weight, 25% to 30% plasticizer by weight, and less than 1% additives by weight. There are also PVB sheets with little (less than 10% or 5% plasticizer by weight) or no plasticizer, such as the "MOWITAL LP BF" film from KURARAY.

[0330] When the substrate of the diffusing coating is the lower interlayer, a PVB-based material with no plasticizers, or with a maximum of 15%, 10%, or 5% plasticizers, can be chosen. For example, the thickness of the lower interlayer forming the substrate is at most 200 µm, or even 250 µm.

[0331] An example of a diffusing coating on a polymer layer, in particular a laminate interlayer and based on PVB, is in document W02021005162.

[0332] An example of a diffusing coating on a PVB or glass laminate interlayer is in document WO2023285743. For example, the binder of the diffusing coating is a polyacrylate polymer and the binder of the optical insulating coating is a polyacrylate polymer, in particular a polyacrylate with a fluorinated function and / or with low-index nanoparticles or nanoporosity and / or hollows, especially if the coatings come into contact after lamination.

[0333] Preferably, the diffusing particles (dielectric, organic or mineral, for example metal oxides) have a particle size defined by D90 less than 2 pm, preferably of at least 100nm and even at most 700 nm, in particular 400 nm ±100nm.

[0334] Preferably, the scattering particles are chosen from non-luminescent particles of TiC>2, SiC>2, CaCCh, ZnO, Al2O3, ZrC>2. Preferably, the particles have a (high) refractive index, greater than or equal to 1.8 or even 2 (greater than n5, in particular by at most 1.8 or 1.7).

[0335] Preferably, for the manufacture of the diffusing coating, a resin curable under ultraviolet radiation is chosen from among a reaction product between a thiol and an alkene (called thiol-ene), an acrylate such as epoxy-acrylate, polyester-acrylate, urethane-acrylate, silicone-acrylate alone or in a mixture of several of them.

[0336] The thickness of the diffusing coating is at most 100 µm, preferably at most 50 µm, and in particular at least 5 µm or 10 µm. The minimum may depend on the deposition method.

[0337] A thin profile reduces material costs, but the profile can be adjusted to modify the visibility / luminance trade-off of the pattern.

[0338] Light extraction can be dynamic and the light source (diodes, straight strip in one or more sections) is driven to light up (e.g. gradually) patterns forming means of (geometric) extraction of the light guiding layer.

[0339] In particular, the diffusing coating is on the lower interlayer which is PVB-based (with or without plasticizers), the entire lower interlayer and diffusing coating exhibiting a blur of no more than 20% or even 10%, the binder of the diffusing coating being organic (polymer) preferably chosen from polymers based on polyacrylate, polyepoxides, polyvinyl acetate, polyester, polyurethane

[0340] The glazing may be a side glazing, in particular opening and rear glazing, which includes means of light extraction, preferably in the form of a diffusing coating on the lower interlayer, forming an internal light signal in the form of extraction patterns in particular: -pictogram(s),

[0341] -and / or a progress indicator (charge level of electronic equipment, the vehicle, or journey progress), through the progressive display of extraction patterns (geometric or even pictogram-based), internal illuminated signage located in a lower peripheral band of the glazing, extending horizontally, at most 10 cm or 5 cm from the lower visibility limit of the glazing, and / or at least 5 cm or 10 cm from a longitudinal and horizontal light source below the lower visibility limit of the glazing. The extraction patterns are therefore preferably equidistant from the light source.

[0342] In one embodiment, the glazing is a side-opening glazing, particularly a rear-opening glazing (single-layer laminated glazing), with at least the first pane having an irregular lower longitudinal edge and at least one projecting portion, referred to as the first overhang. The glazing includes a longitudinal light source extending horizontally below the lower visibility limit of the glazing, at a distance from a glazing fixing zone intended to be coupled to a window-lifting system, this fixing zone being connected to the first overhang. The longitudinal light source is at least 5 or 10 cm away from any means of light extraction in the glazing area, such as a diffusing coating.

[0343] In a configuration of this embodiment, the inner glass is of reduced size, the second slice is straight, in particular horizontal, and below the lower limit of visibility of the glazing, the longitudinal light source is housed under face F2 along the second slice for optical coupling by the second slice.

[0344] In another configuration of this embodiment, the second sheet has a second irregular lower longitudinal edge having at least one projecting portion called a second overhang opposite said first overhang, the longitudinal light source is linked to face F4 and the glazing preferably includes a light redirection reflector element on face F3 opposite the longitudinal light source, below the lower visibility limit of the aforementioned glazing.

[0345] Below the lower visibility limit, the "height" of the glazing may vary longitudinally between the rear and the front, this height being the distance between the visibility limit and the lower longitudinal edge. For example, this height is at least 10 cm and at most 80 cm.

[0346] The irregular edge, for example, has a centrally curvilinear section forming a downward-oriented concave profile, and the fixing areas are peripheral.

[0347] The opening side window is linked to a window regulator (for the vertical movement of said window relative to a door of said vehicle). A drive device for the side window is selectively controlled by means of a mechanism, such as a crank or a button, to move the window vertically relative to the door, respectively between a closed position and at least one open position.

[0348] To ensure the connection of a side window with the drive device housed in the door, a distinction is generally made between a first type of connection using a clamping assembly and a second type of connection using a screwing assembly.

[0349] In the case of a clamping connection, the connecting means include, for example, one or a pair of Y-shaped connecting pieces, also known as a glass holder, typically attached to the glazing by bonding. Each connecting piece (called a "holder") interacts with each of the glazing faces, internal and external respectively. This connecting piece is positioned near the lower edge below the lower limit of visibility, i.e., in the concealed area within the door, in order to connect the side glazing to the drive mechanism during movement.

[0350] In the case of screw fixing, the side glazing has at least one (protruding) fixing area, usually central, and sometimes two separate (protruding) fixing areas, depending on the glazing, particularly peripheral ones, which are located in the non-visible area below the lower visibility limit. In laminated glazing used as side glazing, there is a specific type of glazing called "asymmetrical," characterized by the fact that at least the shorter inner pane of glass does not overlap the other pane(s) of glazing at the fixing area.

[0351] Thus, an asymmetrical glazing unit has an inner pane of glass that is not traversed by any means of connection between the glazing and the drive mechanism, since this inner pane of glass has no fixing holes. The fixing area(s) have at least one fixing hole through the glazing. The fixing hole, opening onto both faces of the glazing, is intended to receive connecting means, said connecting means generally comprising an axis connected to the drive mechanism, for example, a threaded rod. Consequently, from a mechanical standpoint, the inner pane of glass in such an asymmetrical glazing unit is connected to the drive mechanism only through the other panes of glass, that is to say, indirectly via the interlayer due to the assembly of the constituent panes of the laminated glazing.

[0352] To achieve this, the opening side glazing may have one or more holes partially or totally passing through the glazing, one or more attachment gutters or glass holders, one or more rails, or slides.

[0353] The opening side glazing may include at least one and preferably at least two glazing doors, having, for example, in cross-section a shape substantially resembling an inverted U or even an inverted h. Parallel walls of the h shape enclose the glazing 2 in its lower part, and a tail is then located substantially in line with the glazing.

[0354] This h-shaped glass carrier allows the transmission of forces between the glass carrier and the glass over a large area corresponding to the sum of the inner areas of the parallel walls; however, it is quite possible to use a simple plate, this plate having for example at least two parts: a first part for cooperation with the glass and a second part for cooperation with the glass drive mechanism (raising / lowering).

[0355] Since the glazing is curved, the parallel walls and / or the tail may be curved.

[0356] The glass carrier(s) is / are, for example, glued using an adhesive such as polyurethane, and then "fitted" onto the glazing, meaning it / they is / are positioned so that the glazing is present in the U-shape, either fully engaged or not, by inserting a plastic insert material, such as polypropylene, between the parallel walls and the glazing. Alternatively, an in-situ injection of adhesive material is proposed to form the insert material, which is a thermoplastic hot-melt resin, for example, based on polyamide. The glass carriers used are, for example, metallic, made of aluminum alloy.

[0357] The thickness of the first pane of glazing is preferably at most 4mm, or even at most 2.5mm, even at most 2.2mm - in particular 1.9mm, 1.8mm, 1.6mm and 1.4mm - and even at least 0.7mm thick, for example with a refractive index nv of at least 1.5 in the visible.

[0358] The second sheet (preferably curved) is in particular at least 0.7 mm thick (to facilitate light guidance where appropriate), possibly less than that of the first sheet of glass, even by no more than 2.2 mm - in particular 1.9 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.6 mm and 1.4 mm - or even by no more than 1.3 mm or by no more than 1 mm, the total thickness of the first and second sheets preferably being strictly less than 5 or 4 mm, even 3.7 mm.

[0359] The first and second leaves (and possible third leaf) can be of shape and size in particular substantially identical, for example general rectangular or quadrilateral shape (longitudinal edges not parallel in particular for the roofs of vehicles especially road vehicles), possibly rounded corners.

[0360] The first sheet may be larger than the second sheet, thus extending beyond the second sheet on at least part (one or more adjacent or opposite sides) of its perimeter. Alternatively, the second sheet (on the passenger compartment side) may be smaller, with its second edge set back by no more than 10 or 5 cm from the first edge of the first sheet of glass, on one or more edges (longitudinal and / or lateral), particularly or especially around the perimeter. In particular, the second sheet is optically coupled to a light source (as previously described) via its second edge.

[0361] Alternatively or even cumulatively, the second sheet may be larger than the third sheet, thus exceeding this third sheet on at least one part (one side or several adjacent or opposite sides) of its perimeter, and possibly the third sheet (cabin side) may be smaller with a third slice set back by at most 10 or 5 cm from the second slice of the second sheet of glass, on one or more edges (longitudinal and / or lateral) in particular or on the entire perimeter, particularly useful when the third sheet is optically coupled by its third slice to a light source (as already described).

[0362] The layer thickness(es) between the second face F2 and the third face F3 (respectively between F4 and F5) is preferably no more than 1.1 mm or 0.9 mm, and in particular the thickness of the lamination interlayer (respectively other lamination interlayer) is no more than 1.1 mm or 0.9 mm, at least in the guiding zone.

[0363] The thickness between the first face F1 and the fourth face F4 (where applicable between F1 and F6) is preferably no more than 9mm or 7mm, especially for a road vehicle.

[0364] The first mineral glass sheet can be based on silica, soda-lime, preferably silicosodocalcium, or even aluminosilicate, or borosilicate, and preferably has a total iron oxide content (expressed as Fe2U3) of at least 0.4% and preferably of no more than 1.5%.

[0365] To limit absorption (when the guiding layer includes the second sheet), the second mineral glass sheet may be, in particular, based on silica, soda-lime, silicosodocalcium, aluminosilicate, or borosilicate, and has a total iron oxide content (expressed as Fe₂O₇) by weight of no more than 0.05% (500 ppm), preferably no more than 0.03% (300 ppm) and no more than 0.015% (150 ppm), and in particular greater than or equal to 0.005%. The redox potential of the second glass sheet is preferably greater than or equal to 0.15.

[0366] The second sheet can be made of polymer, particularly polyurethane (PU) based, typically with an n1 of approximately 1.47, polycarbonate (PC) typically with an n1 of approximately 1.59, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) typically with an n1 of approximately 1.47, or poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) with an n1 of approximately 1.54. The second sheet can be flexible to follow the curvature of the first, curved sheet, or it can be pre-formed.

[0367] The first sheet of glass, and even the second and / or third sheet of glass chosen, can be produced by the "float" process, which allows for a perfectly flat and smooth sheet, or by drawing or rolling processes.

[0368] Examples of glass include float glass (or floating glass) of classic soda-lime composition, possibly hardened or tempered by thermal or chemical means, aluminum or sodium borosilicate, or any other composition.

[0369] The clear area of ​​the laminated glass is a central zone.

[0370] The lamination interlayer can occupy at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% or even 100% of the glazing surface.

[0371] The second face F2 can be the tin face (of the float glass) or the opposite face or the first face F1 can be the tin face.

[0372] The third face F3 can be the tin face, or the fourth face F4 can be the tin face. The fifth face F5 can be the tin face, or the sixth face F6 can be the tin face.

[0373] Regarding the liquid crystal cell, the lower and / or upper electrode comprises (or is) for example, a conductive metal oxide layer or a silver-based layer, forming a multilayer coating. The electrode (lower and / or upper) is specifically a multilayer electroconductive coating, which is a stack of functional layer(s) that are either a transparent conductive oxide, for example, ITO, IZO, AZO, SnC2:F, or a metallic oxide (silver, etc.). The functional layer(s) are generally interposed between dielectric layers based on oxides, nitrides, and / or nitride oxides on the so-called front face oriented towards the electroactive layer. In particular, the lower and upper electrodes (coatings) are of the same material and even the same thickness, and / or the lower and upper substrates are of the same material (glass or polymer) and even the same thickness.

[0374] Furthermore, laminated glazing may include at least one of the following functional elements:

[0375] - an internal opaque element, preferably offset from the liquid crystal cell, peripheral which is between the second face F2 and third face F3 (and even between an internal masking layer and the third face F3), in particular masking a light source and a light redirection element which are on the F4 face side, in particular transparent prismatic film or reflector,

[0376] - an internal electroconductive coating, in particular infrared reflective (solar control), such as a stack of silver layer(s), on the second face F2 on the first, clear sheet, or on an additional film, in particular polymer, or even on the upper support,

[0377] - an external electroconductive coating, in particular infrared reflective (low emissivity), such as a transparent conductive oxide layer stack (TCO, in particular based on indium tin oxide (ITO)), on the fourth face F4 of the second mineral glass sheet (in first configuration i)), or sixth face F6 of the third mineral glass sheet (in second configuration j)).

[0378] In the case of a particular roof, the internal masking layer is not necessarily opaque enough to prevent stray light from entering, with the light source on the fourth face (F4). Therefore, an opaque internal element, peripheral and between the second and third faces (F2 and F3), may be desirable, specifically between this internal masking layer (delimiting the glass area) and the third face, or even replacing this internal masking layer altogether.

[0379] The internal opaque element masks the light source (the light points of the source) which is on the fourth side (F4) or even masks the light redirection element (in particular prismatic element and even reflector, optical redirection film) opposite the light source.

[0380] We prefer an internal opaque element of the same or similar color to the internal opaque masking layer (if any), especially black.

[0381] This internal opaque element, preferably black, and preferably located under the internal black masking layer, is chosen from:

[0382] - a piece within the interlayer (black, with black coating, metallic piece, polymer, etc.),

[0383] - in particular a film, especially a polymer (non-adhesive) film, inserted within the interlayer, in particular a tinted film (a (thermoplastic) film that is opaque in mass or with an opaque layer, for example, placed or glued onto the peripheral part of the transparent film,

[0384] - in particular an opaque layer, for example on the peripheral part of the transparent film (of the coated substrate),

[0385] - or interlayer, in particular thermoplastic such as PVB (area -outside clear glass- of the lower or additional interlayer or frame or upper layer locally opaque or all around).

[0386] The internal opaque element can extend upstream of the injection zone (from the outer edge of the light direction element, including prismatic element and even reflector) to the edge or at least 1 cm or 5 mm from the edge of the glazing (e.g. first and / or second edge).

[0387] This internal opaque element may preferably have a light transmission of less than 5%, preferably even less than 2%, 1% or 0.5% or even zero.

[0388] An example of opaque PVB containing black pigments is the product called RB17830000 Vaneeva absolute black® sold by Saflex.

[0389] The laminated glazing according to the invention can therefore also include a layer reflecting or absorbing infrared, on face F2 or on a transparent polymer film (PET etc) between two interlayer layers or even on the upper support, in particular a stack of thin layers comprising at least one metallic layer such as silver (and even 2 or 3 or 4), the silver layer or each layer being arranged between dielectric layers on face F2 or at ITO for face F4 or F6.

[0390] Examples of ITO stacking for face F4 or F6 include those described in patent US2015 / 0146286, on face F4, particularly in examples 1 to 3.

[0391] We also know of an infrared-reflective coating in patent application WO2018 / 206236 and in particular:

[0392] - a dielectric coating comprising dielectric layers such as silicon nitride and / or silicon oxide layers,

[0393] - a functional layer based on a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) such as an indium tin oxide (ITO) based layer, - a dielectric coating comprising dielectric layers such as silicon nitride and silicon oxide layers.

[0394] The invention also relates to a vehicle, particularly a road vehicle, incorporating the aforementioned illuminated laminated glazing of the invention, in particular the laminated glazing being a fixed roof (canopy). Specifically, for a fixed roof (canopy), the glazing width is from 85 cm to 1.4 m and the length from 75 cm to 1.65 m.

[0395] In this application, the term "road vehicle" means a car, in particular a utility vehicle (van, light van, delivery van) under 3.5 tonnes (light utility vehicle) or a truck or a shuttle, small public, private or public transport vehicle.

[0396] Other details and advantageous features of the invention will become apparent from the examples according to the invention illustrated by the following figures.

[0397] Figure 1 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a 100 illuminateable laminated road vehicle glazing according to the invention and also showing a detailed view of a light redirection reflector element (also called in the description "prismatic reflector film" thus used to redirect the light).

[0398] Figures 1a to 1d each represent a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a liquid crystal cell, inserted into the laminated glazing of Figure 1 and comprising a barrier element.

[0399] Figures 1e to 11 each represent a schematic front view of an illuminable laminated glazing of a road vehicle forming a side window opening preferably at the rear with the laminated glazing similar to that of Figure 1.

[0400] Figure 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a 200 limable laminated glass unit for a road vehicle, according to a second embodiment. Figure 2' shows a schematic top view of the glass unit of Figure 2.

[0401] Figure 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a 300-unit illuminated laminated glass unit for a road vehicle, according to a third embodiment. Figure 3' illustrates a schematic front view of a side window of Figure 3.

[0402] Figure 4 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glazing 400 of a road vehicle according to the invention in a fourth embodiment.

[0403] Figure 5 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glazing 500 of a road vehicle according to the invention in a fifth embodiment.

[0404] Figure 5' represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glazing 500 of a road vehicle according to the invention in a variant of the fifth embodiment.

[0405] Figure 6 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a 600 illuminated laminated glass panel for a road vehicle according to the invention in a sixth embodiment. Figure 6' illustrates a schematic front view of a side window of Figure 6.

[0406] Figure 7 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glazing 700 of a road vehicle according to the invention in a seventh embodiment, and shows a detailed view of the prismatic reflector film used to redirect light into the glazing.

[0407] Figure 8 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glazing unit 800 for a road vehicle according to the invention in an eighth embodiment. Figure 9 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glazing unit 900 for a road vehicle according to the invention in a ninth embodiment.

[0408] Figure 10 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a 1000 illuminateable laminated road vehicle glazing according to the invention in a tenth embodiment.

[0409] Figure 10' represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a 1000 illuminateable laminated road vehicle glazing according to the invention in a variant of the tenth embodiment.

[0410] Figure 10” represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a 1000 illuminateable laminated road vehicle glazing according to the invention in a variant of the tenth embodiment.

[0411] Figure 10” represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a 1000 illuminateable laminated road vehicle glazing according to the invention in a variant of the tenth embodiment.

[0412] Figure 11 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glazing 1100 of a road vehicle according to the invention in an eleventh embodiment.

[0413] Figure 12 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a 1200 illuminateable laminated road vehicle glazing according to the invention in a twelfth embodiment.

[0414] Figure 13 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glazing 1300 of a road vehicle according to the invention in a thirteenth embodiment and with a third sheet.

[0415] Figure 14 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a 1400 illuminateable laminated road vehicle glazing in a fourteenth embodiment.

[0416] Figure 15 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a 1500 illuminateable laminated road vehicle glazing in a fourteenth embodiment.

[0417] Figure 16 represents a schematic view of a road vehicle with different luminous and variable diffusion laminated glazing.

[0418] It should be noted that, for the sake of clarity, the different elements of the objects represented are not necessarily reproduced to scale.

[0419] Figure 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view, here lateral, of an illuminable laminated glass 100 according to the invention in a first embodiment. Figures 1a to 1d each show a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a liquid crystal cell (DDPDLC), inserted into the laminated glass of Figure 1 and comprising a barrier element.

[0420] 11 This refers to a 100% illuminable laminated glass pane, rectangular and curved (in one or more directions), which comprises:

[0421] - a first sheet of glass 1, for example rectangular (with dimensions 1600X1100 mm for example), with a first main face 11 corresponding to face F1, a second main face

[0422] 12, called face F2, and a first slice (with edges or longitudinal slices 10 and 10'), for example a clear glass

[0423] - a second transparent sheet, preferably mineral glass, 2, here of the same shape and dimensions as the first sheet 1, forming internal glazing, on the passenger compartment side, presenting a third main face

[0424] 13 or face F3, a fourth main face 14 or face F4, and a second slice (with edges or longitudinal slices 20 and 20'), and of index n1, preferably extra clear - between face F2 and face F3, a laminated interlayer 3, transparent, with an edge here aligned or recessed from the sheets 1, 2 in particular longitudinal slice 30 offset from the longitudinal slices 10, 10' towards the center of the glass (therefore recessed), here comprising:

[0425] • an upper adhesive interlayer 31 polymeric, in adhesive contact with face F2 of the first glass sheet 1, for example based on PVB (with plasticizers, at least 30% by weight), PVB for example clear of TL at 99.9%,

[0426] • a lower 32 polymeric adhesive interlayer, clear (as transparent as possible and with as few optical defects as possible), of 0.38mm or 0.76mm (in one or two sheets) in adhesive contact with face F3, of refractive index n3 of approximately 1.48 at 600nm, for example based on PVB (with plasticizers, for example at least 10% and possibly at most 30% or 20% by weight), clear from TL to 99.9%,

[0427] • an additional interlayer 33, clear, in particular based on PVB (with plasticizers, at least 30% by weight)

[0428] - preferably at least one light source 4 (diodes 4 on PCB support 40),

[0429] - a light redirection element 8, here internal and reflector

[0430] - an optical insulating layer consisting of an optical insulating coating 5 on a carrier film 5', between layers 32 and 33

[0431] - means of extracting light 6 (guided here in the second glass sheet 2 and also in the lower interlayer 32), in particular in the form of a discontinuous or local diffusing coating

[0432] - a DDPDLC 9 liquid crystal cell, isolated by the insulating coating 5 of the second glass sheet,

[0433] - an internal masking layer 7 forming either a masking frame (2 longitudinal strips 71, 71' and 2 lateral strips) or at least 3 strips without the lower longitudinal strip 71' (if the glazing is in a door, for example), masking from the outside the edges of the film 5' and the device 9

[0434] - an internal masking layer 7 forming 1 upper longitudinal band, 2 lateral bands, masking from the inside the edges of the film 5' and the device 9.

[0435] The second glass sheet (inner glass) 2 is for example a sheet of silicosodocalcic glass, extra clear such as Diamant glass marketed by the company Saint-Gobain Glass of TL of at least 91%, of thickness equal for example to 2.9 mm, glass of refractive index n1 of the order of 1.52 at 600nm or Optiwhite glass of 1.95mm, or Sunmax glass of 2.05mm.

[0436] The first sheet of glass (outer glass) 1 is clear, in particular a 2.1 mm Planiclear glass or even extra clear like the first sheet.

[0437] Alternatively, the outer glass 1 has a tinted composition whose tint will be adjusted to suit the needs (for example VENUS VG10 or TSA 3+ or 4+ glass marketed by the company Saint-Gobain Glass.

[0438] The upper polymeric adhesive interlayer 31 is preferably PVB-based (with plasticizers, at least 10% by weight). The upper adhesive interlayer 31 is 0.38 mm or 0.76 mm thick (in one or two layers). The upper adhesive interlayer 31 is clear or, alternatively, tinted, for example, gray with a 27% TL. The lower polymeric adhesive interlayer 32 is, for example, PVB-based (with plasticizers, at least 30% by weight), clear (as transparent as possible and with as few optical defects as possible), 0.38 mm or 0.76 mm thick (in one or two layers), in adhesive contact with face F3, with a refractive index n3 of approximately 1.48 at 600 nm, for example, PVB with a TL of 99.9%.

[0439] For example, the lower interlayer 32 is based on clear PVB with little or no plasticizers, for example less than 20% by weight of plasticizers such as Eastmann's PVBRM11 or even less than 5% by weight, in particular Kuraray Optical Grade Thin Film, for example, with a thickness of at most 250 µm

[0440] For example, the additional interlayer layer 33 is made of PVB (with plasticizers, at least 30% by weight) in particular of thickness 0.38mm or 0.76mm (in one or two sheets)

[0441] Laminated glazing may include an IR-reflective coating on the F4 face, forming a low-emissivity layer. The transparent, single-layer or multi-layer infrared-reflective coating (I-15) comprises at least one electrically conductive functional layer, for example, of a transparent conductive oxide, particularly ITO. The infrared-reflective coating preferably includes a dielectric sublayer, in particular silicon (oxy)nitride, and preferably an overlayer, in particular silicon (oxy)nitride.

[0442] In the case of a roof or a fixed side panel, the internal masking layer 7 forms a masking frame delimiting a clear window 70 (daylight), here rectangular (see Figure 1i) with straight edges. The masking frame 7 hides the edges of the components, including the DDPDLC liquid crystal cell and the coated substrate. Any local modification of the edges 70 is possible (dot gradient, wider area, etc.). For example, the internal masking layer 7 is:

[0443] - a black enamel on the F2 face,

[0444] - or a black ink, on one of the faces of the upper interlayer, preferably the face oriented towards face F2, preferably a PVB-based ink with black pigments if the upper interlayer 31 is PVB,

[0445] The liquid crystal cell 9 is arranged between the upper interlayer 31 and lower interlayer 32. Since the thickness of the liquid crystal cell 9 is 0.4 mm, an interlayer frame layer 34, 0.38 mm thick, made of PVB, clear, tinted, or opaque, is added. The edges of the liquid crystal cell 9 are beneath the internal masking frame layer 7.

[0446] Outside the injection zone, the edge of the liquid crystal cell 9 is at least 10 mm or 15 mm from the edge of the glazing. The internal masking frame layer 7 (e.g., opaque PVB) is of a width adapted accordingly and can extend to be flush with the edge of the glazing.

[0447] Liquid crystal cell 9 comprises:

[0448] - an upper support 91 (polymer, in particular PET or glass) with an upper electroconductive coating 92 (for example ITO) on the second side F2,

[0449] - a lower 9T support (polymer, notably PET or glass) with a lower electroconductive coating (for example ITO) 92' third side F3,

[0450] - an electroactive layer 93, which is a PDLC layer, and glass spacers 93', in contact with the first and second electroconductive coatings 92 and 92' respectively, and the electroactive layer 93. Preferably, if glass, one or both of the supports 91 and 91' are chemically tempered glass. Each of the supports 91 and 91' has a thickness of less than 1000 µm, in particular between 25 µm and 700 µm, preferably less than 300 µm, or even less than 200 or 100 µm. The glass thickness of each support is sufficiently thin to provide the liquid crystal cell with film-like flexibility when bonding the liquid crystal cell to the glass sheets 1 and 2, especially when the latter are curved.In particular, the glass thickness of each of the supports 91 and 91' is such that each glass support has a minimum radius of curvature which is at least on the order of 600 mm and can even reach 200 mm.

[0451] Preferably, the lower support and the lower electrode extend beyond the upper edge in a first protruding area and the upper support and the upper electrode extend beyond the lower edge in a second protruding area opposite the first protruding area (see figures 1 a or 1 b).

[0452] In these first and second salient zones, current supply strips 90 are added to the electrodes.

[0453] The glazing preferably includes a barrier element 94, at the periphery of the DDPDLC device, separating the electroactive layer from the lamination interlayer, here of barrier elements 31, 32 and 33, on the periphery of the electroactive layer. Figures 1a to 1d each represent different cases of barrier element.

[0454] In figure 1 a, the barrier element 94 here is external, comprising a pair of coupled polymer barrier films, notably without plasticizers:

[0455] - covering all or part of the first protruding area and even extending onto the upper face Fs and / or extending to the rear face Fb,

[0456] - covering all or part of the second protruding area and extending over the back face and even extending to the top face.

[0457] In particular, it consists of two polymer barrier films: a first film which is a polymer frame (PET), notably with a Z-shaped cross-section (three portions 941, 942, 943), coupled to a second film 944 which is a rectangular cross-section frame.

[0458] In figure 1 b, it is a 94', 94 joint which covers the first and second protruding areas, for example polymer, in particular epoxy resin or silicone.

[0459] In figure 1 c, it is an internal peripheral seal 95 which provides the sealing of the liquid crystal cell, for example polymer, in particular in epoxy resin or silicone. The internal seal 95 is for example 5mm.

[0460] In figure 1 c the peripheral sealing joint 95' is outside both supports 91 and 9T.

[0461] It is generally preferable to conceal the barrier element from the outside and even from the inside.

[0462] To optically isolate a lower portion (with light guide and light extraction) from the upper portion (tinted, absorbent), the laminated glazing 100 comprises an optical insulating coating 5 on one side of a transparent film 5' called the carrier film. The entire optical insulating coating 5 and the carrier film 5' are referred to as the coated substrate. The optical insulating coating 5 is on the rear face Fb 52' (side face F3) of the carrier film 5', as illustrated in Figure 1. Alternatively, the optical insulating coating 5 can be on the front face Fa 51' (side face F2) of the carrier film 5'. The side of the carrier film containing the optical insulating coating 5 is called the coated (or deposition) side. The coated substrate 5', 5 is in adhesive contact with the additional interlayer 33 and the lower interlayer 32.The coated substrate extends throughout the clear glass and beyond, the second edge and the other second edge 50, 50' being under the masking layer 7.

[0463] The coated substrate 5, 5' is always disposed between the liquid crystal cell 9 and the second glass sheet 2 or between the liquid crystal cell 9 and a third glass sheet 2' when the glazing has three glass sheets.

[0464] In a first configuration i) which is illustrated in Figure 1 and for which the glazing comprises only two sheets of glass 1 and 2, the coated substrate 5, 5' is laminated between the second and third faces F2 and F3 (between the first sheet of glass 1 and the second sheet of glass 2), the second sheet of glass having a refractive index n1, preferably being at least 1.48 and at most 1.6, in particular from 1.5 to 1.53.

[0465] Preferably, the coated substrate 5', 5 is between the additional interlayer 33 and the lower interlayer 32 and even in contact with the additional interlayer 33 and / or the lower interlayer 32.

[0466] The coated substrate 5', 5 is set back from the sheets 1, 2, particularly from the longitudinal edges 10, 10', 20, 20', by a distance of at least 10 mm. The carrier film 5', and even the coated substrate itself, is less than 200 µm thick, or at most 100 µm, and is protected at its periphery by one or both of the lower and upper interlayers 31, 32 (preventing creep during lamination). If the upper interlayer is light-colored, the interface between the two lower and upper interlayers 31, 32 may be indistinguishable.

[0467] The 5' carrier film is preferably made of polymer and is distinct from a fluoropolymer and even from an optically cross-linked adhesive (OCA). The 5' carrier film is transparent but can be tinted.

[0468] The optical insulating coating 5 is made of a material, preferably a polymer, comprising a matrix distinct from a fluoropolymer (or even a cross-linked adhesive), with a submillimeter thickness Ei of at least 400 nm and preferably 500 nm or 800 nm, and a second edge 50, possibly recessed from the second edge of the film 50' without compromising the optical insulating function. The optical insulating coating 5 may be applied directly or on a functional sublayer (barrier, etc.), transparent to the carrier film 5'.

[0469] The optical insulating coating 5 is transparent clear or possibly tinted.

[0470] The optical insulating coating 5 is in a material comprising a matrix distinct from a fluoropolymer.

[0471] The optical insulating coating 5 has a refractive index n2 in the visible and with n1-n2 which is at least 0.04 in the visible and even at least 0.08 or 0.13, of submillimeter thickness Ei of at least 400nm and even 500nm, and even at least 800nm.

[0472] In one configuration, the optical insulating coating 5 comprises a crosslinked polymer matrix with an n2 index, preferably of at most 1.42 and even at least 1.35, the matrix preferably being among polyacrylate-based polymers with a fluorinated function, in particular urethane acrylate, fluorourethane acrylate, or fluorosilicone acrylate. The thickness is preferably at most 10 µm, 5 µm, or 2 µm and at least 800 nm.

[0473] In one configuration, the optical insulating coating comprises a matrix with a refractive index n2 m greater than n2 and less than n1, and preferably with n2 mof at most 1.48 (and preferably n2 of at most 1.42 and even at least 1.35), and comprising (na no) porosities and / or low-index and / or porous, hollow (nano)particles with a refractive index lower than n1, particularly hollow particles with a size of at most 300 nm or even 100 nm, for example, hollow silica nanoparticles. The thickness is preferably at most 10 pm or 5 pm and at least 800 nm.

[0474] The matrix is ​​a cross-linked or thermoplastic polymer, specifically chosen from polymers based on polyacrylate, polyepoxides, polyvinyl acetate, polyester, polyurethane, PVB, or minerals, particularly silica. Polyacrylate, polyurethane, or even polyepoxide, polyvinyl acetate, and polyester-based polymer matrices are preferred.

[0475] Alternatively, the 5' carrier film is an ultra-thin glass and / or the 5' coating is porous silica.

[0476] To avoid creases and undulations, the coated substrate should preferably be located in a roof area with a curvature, a limited sphericity, particularly with a radius of curvature of at least 1.5 m. For example, the second edge (50) can be sufficiently far from the first and second slices of sheets (1, 2). The masking width on the sides and / or front and back can be adjusted (increased) for this purpose.

[0477] For example the 5' carrier film is a clear PET of less than 200 pm (protected by creep of the interlayer 33 and / or 32) in particular of 100 pm or 75 pm, with a TL of about 90% or more.

[0478] In order to illuminate or light the laminated glazing 100, it also includes a light source 4. In particular, the laminated glazing 100 includes, in a manner concealed from the outside by the internal masking layer 7:

[0479] - 4 light-emitting diodes (here front-emitting) on ​​a support 40 (for example PCB) opposite (or offset from) the fourth main face 14,

[0480] - on the third main face F3 side, the light redirection element 8, local, peripheral like a prismatic reflector film.

[0481] For example, the reflective prismatic film is a polymer prismatic film 8, as shown in detail in Figure 1 with:

[0482] - a flat part 81 (substrate for example PET of at most 100µm) glued or fixed by suction to the third face F3 13,

[0483] - and a textured layer (by embossing, etc.), partially or even fully textured, forming prisms 82 which become reflectors by a reflective layer 83 for example metallic (by conformal deposition on the prismatic textured surface).

[0484] Here the prismatic reflective film 8 is glued with glue 60 on the third main face F3 13, it can also be held by suction.

[0485] The microprisms are schematically represented in cross-section as right triangles (Figure 1a), but the apex angle can be adjusted to better direct light towards extraction methods described later. Similarly, the principal direction of emission of the light source can be adjusted (normal to the plane or at 22° to the normal, etc.). A collimator can be added between face F4 and the diodes.

[0486] For example, the reflective prismatic film 8 comprises a transparent thermoplastic film, for example, made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), on which transparent prisms are formed from a polyacrylate (a resin crosslinked, for example, by UV). A metallic layer (conformal coating) is then used to form the reflective prisms. In another example, a transparent prismatic film (then on the fourth side) comprises a transparent thermoplastic film, for example, made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), on which transparent prisms are formed from a polyacrylate (a resin crosslinked, for example, by UV). Alternatively, a macroprism is used on side F4.

[0487] The prismatic reflective film 8 is in adhesive contact here with the lower interlayer 32. The prismatic reflective film 8 forms a longitudinal band like the linear type light source 4 along a longitudinal edge of the glazing for example as seen in figure 1'.

[0488] Alternatively, the prismatic film 8 (parts 81 and 82) is a monolithic polymer film, for example preformed, and the reflective layer 83 is applied.

[0489] The light from the diodes 4 is refracted in the second glass 2, in the prismatic reflector film 8, and then redirected at a given angle towards the light extraction means 6, here on the third face F3, for example, diffusing ink, as transparent as possible if desired, and into the clear glass. The light rays propagate by total internal reflection at face F4, and:

[0490] -for some by total internal reflection at the interface between the lower laminated interlayer 32 and the second sheet up to the extraction means (via the surface on the F3 face side)

[0491] - and even for others at the interface lower laminated interlayer 32 and optical insulating coating 5 and reach the extraction means 6 diffusing via the surface face side F2).

[0492] The prismatic reflective film 8 is here under the optical insulating coating 5, under the coated substrate.

[0493] Alternatively, a macroprism 8 or a transparent prismatic film is chosen on the F4 face side, downstream of the diodes.

[0494] The diodes and / or their support can be attached to face F4 (by an additional part etc.), as will be seen later with regard to figures 11 and 13. Alternatively, the diodes are side-emitting, as will be seen later with regard to figures 12 and 14.

[0495] Alternatively, the additional layer 33 is the size of device 9 and coated substrate 5, 5' so an intermediate frame layer is added.

[0496] A single interlayer frame can be used depending on its thickness from the upper interlayer to face F3.

[0497] Extraction methods 6 include, for example, extended or point-like geometric patterns, in particular with a width of no more than 10 mm to avoid the shading phenomenon.

[0498] For example, the distance between the extraction means extraction 6 and the diodes (or the prismatic film 8) is at least 10 mm or 40 mm.

[0499] For example, the extraction means 6 include a diffusing coating (a network of disjointed and / or interconnected patterns) in contact with face F3 and covering at most 40% of the clear glass area to promote adhesion with the second sheet 2. The diffusing coating is deposited on face F3 (for example, a semi-transparent enamel) or on the main face of the lower PVB 32 layer oriented towards face F3. The diffusing coating 6 is polymeric or mineral and is deposited by liquid means (by inkjet, screen printing, etc.).

[0500] For example, the diffusing coating 6 is on face F3 (or even F4), for example with an acrylate matrix, preferably with a refractive index greater than or equal to the index n1 of the second sheet 2, with TiO2 particles of at least 100 nm in diameter and preferably at most 1 pm or 400 nm. It is 10 pm to 100 pm or even 50 pm thick. The diffusing coating (for example, based on PVB with TiO2 particles of 100 to 200 nm in diameter) is alternatively deposited on the face of the PVB facing face F3.

[0501] Alternatively, the diffusing coating 6 (for example, PVB-based with TiO2 particles of 100 to 200 nm diameter) is deposited on the face of the PVB 32 oriented towards face F2, and is then in contact with the optical insulating coating (or in contact with the back face if the optical insulating coating is moved to the front face). For example, the diffusing coating (a network of disjointed and / or interconnected patterns) in contact with the optical insulating coating (or the back face if the optical insulating coating is moved to the front face) covers at most 50% of the clear glass area to promote adhesion of the optical insulating coating (or the back face if the optical insulating coating is moved to the front face) with the lower interlayer.

[0502] The luminous laminated glazing 100 can have a plurality of extraction zones 6 as illustrated in the figures, notably of a given geometry (rectangular, square, round, etc.). As an alternative to the diffusing layer 6 which constitutes the extraction zones (enamel, ink, screen-printed or inkjet printed, etc.), it can be a film, locally applied or bonded to the third face F3 or even the fourth face F4 (prismatic film or film with diffusing layer or mass diffusing) or between the PVB 32 and the carrier film 5'.

[0503] Light extraction can be dynamic. For example, the light source 4 (diodes, straight strip in one or more sections) is driven to light up (for example gradually) patterns (extraction means) of the light guide layer.

[0504] For the roof or for other glazing, the diffusing coating can form a luminous signage around the periphery of the side glazing (movable or quarter window) in particular rear in particular in the form of a load indicator and includes a plurality of (vertical or inclined) extraction segments and / or in the form of pictogram(s).

[0505] You can choose diodes emitting white or colored light for ambient lighting, reading...

[0506] We can plan several series of diodes 4 (one edge, two edges, three edges, all around the periphery) controlled independently and even of different colors.

[0507] In a particular example: the first sheet 1 of Planiclear clear glass 2.1 mm thick, the upper interlayer 31 of clear PVB 0.76 mm thick, the lower interlayer 32 of clear PVB 0.76 mm thick, and the second sheet 2 of glass is a Sunmax glass 2.1 mm thick, the DDPDLC (grey) cell 9 0.4 mm thick.

[0508] This glazing has, in the ON state, a TL of 32% and the colorimetric coordinates L1* = 63, a1* = 3.2 and b1* = 2.7; the blur in the clear state is 5% and in the OFF state, a TL of 4% and the colorimetric coordinates L1* = 23, a1* = -0.3 and b1* = -5; the blur is 95%.

[0509] In a particular example: the first sheet 1 of 2.1 mm thick Planiclear clear glass coated on face 2 with a stack of thin films (solar control) comprising three layers of silver, the upper interlayer 31 in 0.76 mm thick clear PVB, the lower interlayer 32 in 0.76 mm thick clear PVB, and the second sheet 2 of glass is a 2.1 mm thick Sunmax glass with a low emissivity coating on face F4, the 0.4 mm thick DDPDLC 9 cell.

[0510] This glazing has, in the ON state, a TL of 25% and the colorimetric coordinates L1* = 56, a1* = 2.2 and b1* = 7.1; the blur in the clear state is 5% and in the OFF state, a TL of 3% and the colorimetric coordinates L1* = 20, a1* = -1.4 and b1* = -2; the blur is 95%.

[0511] For a roof, the 4 edges of the DDPDLC 9 cell are masked from the outside by layer 7.

[0512] For side glazing, the lower longitudinal edge of the DDPDLC 9 cell (and the film 5) are masked by the door and the bodywork.

[0513] Figures 1e to 11 each represent a schematic front view of an illuminable laminated glazing of a road vehicle forming side glazing in particular preferably opening at the rear in particular with laminated glazing similar to that of Figure 1.

[0514] In relation to Figures 1e to 1h, the opening side window has an irregular lower longitudinal edge 10, 20, which is not straight, with a projecting central portion 101, 201, and recessed front and rear portions 102, 202 and 102', 202', which may be concave in shape. The upper longitudinal edge 10', 20' may be straight, horizontal, or irregular. The side edges 10a, 10b may be parallel or not. The opening side window has a mounting area 110. The mounting area 110 may include at least one opening, as schematically shown in Figure 1g, for securing the window to the vehicle body. The fixing zone 110 can alternatively cooperate by pinching with at least one support or glass holder 9' at the lower edge 10, 20, as schematically shown in figure 1h. There can be a single fixing zone 110 which is central (figure 1e, 1f) or two fixing zones called front and rear (figures 1g and 1h).The glazing has a lower visibility limit of 701.

[0515] For example, in the raised position of the side glazing, the light extraction means extend, for example, less than 5 cm from this central portion, along a substantially horizontal axis (±1°), and the light source (and the reflective or transparent prismatic film) are longitudinally extended along this substantially horizontal axis (±1°). Preferably, the light source 4 is at least 5 mm from the irregular lower edge 10, 20.

[0516] In Figure 1f, the glazing comprises three segmented regions of cells 9a, 9b and 9c, which are all connected to a common connector 41a.

[0517] In Figure 1, the opening glazing is rectangular with a straight lower edge. The light source 4 is positioned at least 5 mm from the lower edge 10. The glazing is either fixed or opening. The movement of the opening glazing is achieved, for example, by a retaining means that is positioned along almost the entire length of the glazing from the lower edge. The internal masking element 7 is preferably an enamel facing F2. The internal masking element 7 is, for example, a frame that surrounds the entire periphery or extends in three bands as described previously. Figure 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a laminated glazing 200 for a road vehicle according to the invention in an embodiment of Figure 1; in particular, it is a car roof. This glazing 200 differs from the first glazing 100 in that

[0518] The injection means are doubled by adding: another light source 4' on its support 40', and another prismatic reflector film 8' along the other longitudinal edge 10'. The longitudinal edges 10, 10' of the laminated glass are not parallel here (Figure 2'). In particular, on each side, there can be a set of diode strips on supports 40, 40', either disjointed or connected to each other. They can also be placed on the front or rear edges.

[0519] In this 200 glazing unit, the outer pane 1 remains clear, specifically a 2.1 mm Planiclear pane with an IR-reflective coating (silver stacking) 16, the assembly having a TL of 71.8% (91% without the coating 18). Preferably, an IR-reflective coating 15 is on the F4 face.

[0520] As a precaution in the event that the light source is not in a vehicle element, particularly here for the roof, to avoid stray light passing through the film and even the masking layer 7, an additional internal opaque element T is added to the right of each prismatic film 8.8' (of the same width and not exceeding the internal edge 80' of each film 8), here an opaque (black) ink on the front face 51' of the film 5' or a black PET film glued or placed on top or the frame layer 34 is opaque.

[0521] Figure 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a 300mm illuminateable laminated road vehicle glazing according to the invention in a third embodiment, forming side glazing. The side glazing is, for example, opening as illustrated in [Fig 3'].

[0522] The opening side window (or even a quarter window) may have a lower edge that is not straight. In particular, a retaining element (holder) is placed on a downward-projecting central portion of the window (housed within the bodywork) for a window regulator system. For example, in the raised position of the side window, the light extraction means extend to within 5 cm of this central portion, along a horizontal axis (+- 1°), and the light source (and the reflective or transparent prismatic film) extends along this horizontal axis (+- 1°).

[0523] The glazing unit 300 differs from the first glazing unit 100 in the stacking of the interlayer film of the laminate. Thus, the interlayer layer 3 comprises the additional interlayer layer 33 and another additional interlayer layer 33'. The other additional interlayer layer 33' is in direct contact with the DDPDLC cell 9, opposite the upper interlayer layer 31. The additional interlayer layer 33 is in contact, on one side, with the aforementioned other additional layer 33, and on the other side with the coated substrate.

[0524] The outer glass 1 is clear, specifically a 2.1 mm Planiclear glass.

[0525] The upper interlayer 31 is clear PVB with a thickness of 0.38 mm.

[0526] The additional interlayer 33 is clear PVB with a thickness of 0.38 mm.

[0527] The additional interlayer 33' is a layer of liquid OCA bordered by a spacer 36 bonded with a waterproof adhesive 37. The assembly 36, 37 provides the seal when the OCA 33' is injected and allows for the gap thickness between the cell 9 and the additional interlayer 33. The adhesive 37 may be opaque. The lower interlayer 32 is 25 µm thick PVB Optical Grade Thin Film.

[0528] The inner glass 2 is a 2 mm (2.1 mm) thick Sunmax glass.

[0529] In the mounted position, with the side opening glazing closed, masking can be achieved via a lateral perimeter seal or guide, but a width of at least 15 mm or even 20 mm is required. If the seal is not wide enough, it must be compensated for by the internal masking layer 7.

[0530] In the case of a side opening (door) window, an internal masking layer 7 is applied, and preferably an internal masking layer 7a. The internal masking layer 7a is congruent with the internal masking layer 7. The internal masking layer 7 is peripheral (visible in the mounted position) and at least 15 mm or even 20 mm wide, in the form of a straight band on the lower part or even a peripheral frame. The internal masking layer 7 is an ink printed on the PVB of the upper interlayer layer 31. At a minimum, there may be a masking layer 7 which is an upper masking strip (in the upper position along the top edge of the window). A lower strip does not necessarily require masking because the bottom is hidden within the door body.

[0531] A preferred safety distance between the edge of cell 9 and the light redirection element 8 (in particular the reflective or transparent prismatic film) is at least 10 mm. The light redirection element 8 (in particular the reflective or transparent prismatic film) faces this internal masking layer 7. And preferably, the reflective prismatic film 8 between face F2 and face F3 is offset from cell 9 to avoid overpressure.

[0532] The light source 4 is a straight LED strip 40 which is driven to progressively illuminate patterns (extraction means 6) in the light-guiding layer. The strip 40 has a width di, for example, of 15 mm.

[0533] With reference to [Fig 3'], the light extraction means here, by way of example, form an internal light signal in the form of extraction patterns, specifically pictogram(s) 6', and a progress indicator through the gradual addition of extraction patterns 6. The extraction patterns, in the form of internal light signaling, are located in a lower peripheral band of the glazing, extending horizontally at least 10 cm from a longitudinal and horizontal light source 4 below the lower visibility limit of the glazing. For example, in the mounted position, the light extraction means extend along a horizontal axis (+- 1°), and the light source (and the reflective or transparent prismatic film) extends along this horizontal axis (+- 1°) over a width of 15 mm. The light source 4 maintains, for example, the same distance for each extraction segment.

[0534] The glazing 300 includes power supply connectors 41, which are notably flat, for example, connectors of the "FPC" type. One of the power supply connectors 41 may be a backup connector.

[0535] Figure 4 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glazing 400 of a road vehicle according to the invention in a fourth embodiment.

[0536] This 400 glazing differs from the first 100 glazing in that:

[0537] - the additional intercalated layer 33 is optional (not present here),

[0538] - an additional intercalated layer 33' is arranged in the form of an OCA film (self-supporting) which is preferably bordered by a spacer 36 allowing to give the thickness of gap between the cell 9 and the carrier film 5' of the coated substrate.

[0539] Figure 5 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glazing 500 of a road vehicle according to the invention in a fifth embodiment.

[0540] This glazing unit 500 differs from the first glazing unit 100 in that the reflective prismatic film 8 has micro-prisms oriented towards face F3. The reflective prismatic film 8 is specifically bonded to the lower interlayer 32 of the adhesive 60 (bonding localized to the reflective prismatic film 8). In particular, the lower PVB interlayer 32 has a hole into which the reflective prismatic film 8 is housed and bonded.

[0541] The reflective prismatic film 8 is disposed directly under and against the additional interlayer 33. The reflective prismatic film 8 is substantially in the plane of the coated substrate 5, 5' which is shorter in length than in Figure 1.

[0542] In addition, the internal masking element 7 (enamel or ink printed on the upper interlayer 31) is replaced or supplemented by an opaque PVB frame 71 (the upper interlayer 31 in PVB is then shorter in length than for the glazing in Figure 1).

[0543] Optionally, the diffusing coating 6, for example a set of patterns of identical width, is not on face side F3 or face side F4 but is printed on the face of the PVB 32 face side F2.

[0544] Figure 5' represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a 500' illuminateable laminated road vehicle glazing according to the invention in a variant of the fifth embodiment.

[0545] This 500' glazing differs from the first 100 glazing in that the reflective prismatic film 8 has micro-prisms oriented towards face F3. The reflective prismatic film 8 is specifically bonded to the lower interlayer 32 of the adhesive 60 (bonding localized to the reflective prismatic film 8). In particular, the lower PVB interlayer 32 has a hole into which the reflective prismatic film 8 is housed and bonded.

[0546] The reflective prismatic film 8 is disposed at a distance from the additional interlayer 33. The reflective prismatic film 8 is directly opposite the additional interlayer 33, the coated substrate 5, 5' being of shorter length than in Figure 1.

[0547] In addition, the internal masking element 7 (enamel or ink printed on the upper interlayer 31) is replaced or supplemented by an opaque PVB frame 71 (the upper interlayer 31 in PVB is then shorter in length than for the glazing in Figure 1).

[0548] Figure 6 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a 600mm illuminated laminated glass panel for a road vehicle according to the invention in a sixth embodiment. This glass panel 600mm is a roof panel for a road vehicle such as a car.

[0549] This 600 glazing differs from the first 100 glazing in that:

[0550] - the second transparent sheet 2 is shorter than the first transparent sheet 1,

[0551] - Light is injected through the longitudinal edge 20 of the second sheet 2 (the prismatic reflector film 8 is removed). Diodes 4 extend along the longitudinal coupling edge 20 of the second glass sheet 2. The PCB support 40 is fixed, for example, by glue 60 (or double-sided adhesive) to the face F1 of the first transparent sheet 1.

[0552] [Fig 6'] represents a schematic front view of the glazing in Figure 6. The glazing has a lower longitudinal edge 20 (below line of sight 701) which is straight and horizontal.

[0553] The internal masking layer 7 is peripheral (visible in the mounted position) and at least 15 mm or even 20 mm wide. This internal masking layer 7 consists of ink printed on the PVB of the upper interlayer 31. As explained previously, an internal masking element 7a can be added to the side of the inner transparent sheet 2. The glazing also includes an internal masking layer 7a.

[0554] The light source 4 is a straight LED strip 40, which is controlled to progressively illuminate patterns (extraction means 6) in the light-guiding layer. The strip 40 has a width of, for example, 15 mm. The light extraction means here, for example, form internal illuminated signage in the form of extraction patterns, in particular pictogram(s) 6', and a progress indicator through the progressive activation of extraction patterns 6. The extraction patterns, in the form of internal illuminated signage, are located in a lower peripheral band of the glazing, extending horizontally at least 5 cm, or even 10 cm, from a longitudinal and horizontal light source 4 below the lower visibility limit of the glazing.The means of light extraction extend along a substantially horizontal axis (±1°) and the light source (and the prismatic reflective or transparent film) are longitudinally extended along this substantially horizontal axis (±1°).

[0555] Figure 7 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glazing 700 of a road vehicle according to the invention in a seventh embodiment.

[0556] This 700 glazing differs from the first 100 glazing in that:

[0557] - the extraction means 6 are on the rear face Fb 52' of the optical insulating coating 5,

[0558] - the reflective prismatic film 8 has been moved while in adhesive contact with the additional interlayer layer 33 and reversed, the reflective prism (the reflective coating) is towards face F3,

[0559] - an intermediate frame 35 to compensate for the low thickness of the coated substrate up to the longitudinal slices 20 and 20'.

[0560] Figure 8 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glazing 800 of a road vehicle according to the invention in an eighth embodiment.

[0561] This 800 glazing differs from the first 100 glazing in that:

[0562] - a 4' light source is added to its 40' support, along with another 8' prismatic reflector film.

[0563] - The prismatic film 8 has been moved (detail view of this figure 8) to the rear face 52' and reversed; the reflective prisms (the reflective coating) are oriented towards face F3, bonded with an opaque adhesive forming masking T

[0564] - we also doubled the reversed film 8' due to the addition of the light source 4' the masking layer 7a is removed The prismatic reflective films 8 and 8' are glued onto the coated substrate.

[0565] With such a configuration of inverted films, the substrate 80 and / or the prisms 82 and / or the adhesive 60 (on the bare Fb 52' face) may be tinted and even opaque, and then the additional internal opaque element 7' may be more optional (it has not been included here). Each inverted film (preferably with an opaque portion) can be adjacent to the coated substrate (internal edge 80' close to the second other edge 50').

[0566] An IR 15 reflective coating (not shown) can be added to face F4.

[0567] Optionally, the diffusing coating 6, for example a set of patterns of identical width, is not on face side F3 or face side F4 but is printed on the face of the PVB 32 on face side F2 so in local contact with the back face 52' of the carrier film 5'.

[0568] Figure 9 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a 900 illuminated laminated glass panel for a road vehicle according to the invention in a ninth embodiment. This 900 glass panel is a roof panel for a road vehicle such as a car.

[0569] This 900 glazing differs from the first 100 glazing in that:

[0570] - means 4 and 8 have been doubled, the glazing comprising two light sources 4 and 4' and two prismatic reflective films 8 and 8', and optionally an additional internal opaque element 7' at the right of the second prismatic reflective film 8', the optical insulating coating 5 is on the front face 51' of the carrier film 5', then the carrier film 5' is chosen clear, the prismatic films 8 and 8' are moved towards the face F2 and are arranged in the plane of the carrier film 5';

[0571] - the lower interlayer 32 is limited to the right of the coated substrate and an interlayer frame 35 compensates up to the longitudinal slices 20 and 20'; the prismatic films 8 and 8' are integrated into the thickness of the interlayer frame 35.

[0572] Alternatively, the 900 glazing can be a fixed side glazing without doubling the means (light source 4, prismatic reflective film 8) or adding an internal masking layer 7a.

[0573] Figure 10 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a 1000 illuminated laminated road vehicle glazing unit in a tenth embodiment, without an additional interlayer 33. The stacking and the various elements are identical to those of the glazing unit 100 in Figure 1, except that:

[0574] - the additional intercalated layer is missing,

[0575] - The optical insulating coating 5 is directly on the rear face of the DDPDLC cell 9, being supported by the second support 91' of the DDPDLC cell 9 (which is schematically represented by dotted lines). The carrier film 5' is thus constituted by the second support 91' of the DDPDLC cell 9

[0576] - face F2 is coated with a transparent 16 reflective functional coating (for example a silver stack).

[0577] Only one means of light extraction 6 in front of F3 has been arranged, but another means of extraction 6 could be arranged.

[0578] We can double the light injection, layer 7 can form a frame (for a roof, a quarter window) The face F2 can be coated with a transparent reflective functional coating 16 (for example a silver stack).

[0579] Figures 10', 10” and 10’” are variants of figure 10.

[0580] In glazing 1010 of [Fig 10'] (relative to glazing 1000 of figure 10):

[0581] - the prismatic reflector film 8 is reversed, presenting its micro-prisms which are oriented towards face F3,

[0582] - the prismatic reflector film 8 is attached to the interlayer frame 34 opposite face F3,

[0583] - the light extraction means 6 are integral with the carrier film 5 of the coated substrate.

[0584] In glazing 1020 of [Fig 10”] (compared to glazing 1000 of Figure 10):

[0585] - the prismatic reflector film 8 is reversed, presenting its micro-prisms which are oriented towards face F3,

[0586] - the prismatic reflective film 8 is glued to the face F3 with a glue 60.

[0587] In the 1030 glazing of [Fig 10'”] (compared to the 1000 glazing of Figure 10), the masking element is formed of an opaque PVB 310 frame.

[0588] Figure 11 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glazing 1100 of a road vehicle according to the invention in an eleventh embodiment.

[0589] This glazing 1100 differs from the first glazing 100 in that: the lower interlayer 32 is limited to the right of the coated substrate and an interlayer frame 35 compensates up to the longitudinal edges 20 and 20'; the prismatic film 8 is disposed on the outside of the glazing, on face F4 against the fourth main face 14 of the second sheet of glass 2, and is reversed (bonded by an adhesive 6'); the prismatic film 8 is further opposite the light source 4, the prismatic film 8 is transparent, the face F2 is coated with a transparent reflective functional coating 16 (silver stacking for example).

[0590] Figure 12 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a 1200 illuminateable laminated road vehicle glazing according to the invention in a twelfth embodiment.

[0591] This glazing 1200 differs from the first glazing 100 in that: the light source 4 (LED array) is arranged on face F4 with the support 40 positioned against and oriented perpendicularly to the fourth main face 14 of the second glass sheet 2, the light exiting parallel to face F4; a light redirection element 8 forms a beveled macroprism 8a and is coupled to the light source 4; the macroprism serves to redirect the light rays into the second glass sheet 2, which acts as a guiding layer; face F2 is coated with a transparent reflective functional coating 16 (silver stacking, for example). Figure 13 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glazing 1300 for a road vehicle according to the invention in a thirteenth embodiment.

[0592] This glazing 1300 differs from the first glazing 100 in that the light is injected through the longitudinal edge 20 of the second sheet 2 (the prismatic reflective film 8 is removed). The inner opaque element 7a is optionally omitted.

[0593] Alternatively, the second sheet 2 can be set back from the first sheet 1 to accommodate the side-emitting light source 4.

[0594] Diodes 4 extend along the longitudinal coupling edge 20 of the second glass sheet 2. The PCB support 40 is fixed for example by glue (or double-sided adhesive) on the edge 20. Alternatively, the source 4 is housed in a hole in the second sheet.

[0595] In addition, light extraction means 6 are, on the one hand, in the guide layer 2 and against the third face F3, and on the other hand, in face F4 on the fourth main face 14 of the second glass 2, the extraction means 6 being spaced apart.

[0596] Figure 14 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glazing 1400 of a road vehicle according to the invention in a fourteenth embodiment.

[0597] This glazing 1400 differs from the first glazing 100 in that the source 4 is housed in a hole in the second glass sheet 2. The second glass sheet 2 has a through hole 17 covered by a cap 17' on the third face 13, a hole housing the diodes 4 and possibly even the diode holder 40. A cover 17" can close the hole and be fixed to the fourth face 14. Two coupling holes can be, for example, along the front edge of the glazing 400. The intermediate frame layer 34 of the DDPDLC cell 9 (layer 34, which will be opposite the source 4 and at the edge of the glazing) can be locally opaque (and sufficiently wide) to mask the cap 17', the hole 17, and the source 4 from the outside, in addition to layer 7.

[0598] Figure 15 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a 1500 illuminateable laminated road vehicle glazing according to the invention in a fifteenth embodiment.

[0599] This glazing 1500 differs from the first glazing 100 in that it comprises a third sheet 2', of mineral glass or polymer sheet (PC, PMMA), with a fifth main face F5 15', a sixth main face F6 16' and a third slice 21', of refractive index n'1 preferably of at least 1.48 and at most 1.6, in particular from 1.5 to 1.53, third sheet bonded with the second sheet 2 via another lamination interlayer 3' comprising another upper interlayer 31' and another lower interlayer 32' in contact with the fifth face F5 and of refractive index n'3 in the visible. The coated substrate 5', 5 is then moved to be between the other upper and lower interlayers 31', 32' of said other laminated interlayer, for example in PVB or TPU or cross-linked material including cross-linked EVA.

[0600] The refractive index n2 is then less than n'1, the difference in refractive indices n'1-n2 being at least 0.06 in the visible.

[0601] Light is injected through the longitudinal (or lateral in alternative) edge 21' of the third sheet (the prismatic reflector film and the internal opaque element are removed) which is set back from the second sheet 2' for example by at least 1 cm to accommodate diodes (here emitting from above or front) 4 plus the support 40.

[0602] The optical insulating coating 5 is on the front face 51 in contact with the other upper layer 31' of the other laminated interlayer 3'.

[0603] Alternatively, source 4 is housed in a hole in the third leaf.

[0604] Extraction means 6 are opposite F6.

[0605] Figure 16 represents a view of a 2000 road vehicle with different luminous and variable diffusion laminated glazing, in particular showing the location of liquid crystal cells (DDPDLC):

[0606] - lower or upper longitudinal bands 110, 210 of a windscreen 1',

[0607] - full surface (here in two adjacent zones 210, 220) of a roof,

[0608] - full surface (or in several surfaces) of the opening side glazing 300 and even of a quarter window 410.

[0609] Laminated glazing can thus comprise several adjacent cells. Between the two cells, there may be the material of the first upper adhesive layer, notably PVB (by creep, etc.) or another interlayer frame 34 of the cell, notably PVB.

[0610] Between the two cells, we can have the material of the optical insulating layer (by creep etc) or of the first upper adhesive layer in particular PVB (by creep etc) or an extension of the external seal 34 of the cell, in particular PVB.

[0611] We may wish to hide all cell borders using the internal masking layer 7.

Claims

DEMANDS 1. Vehicle glazing, particularly for road use (100 to 1300), comprising: laminated glazing, preferably curved, consisting of: a first sheet (1), transparent, made of mineral glass, with a first principal face (11) called face F1, a second principal face (12) called face F2 and a first edge, a second sheet (2), transparent, with a third principal face (13) called face F3, a fourth principal face (14) called face F4 and a second edge, - between the first and second sheets, a multilayer polymer laminate interlayer (3), comprising an upper interlayer (31) on the second face and a lower interlayer (32, 34) on the third face, between the upper and lower interlayers (31, 32), at least one liquid crystal cell (9), with variable light absorption and scattering, comprising a first edge, the liquid crystal cell containing an electroactive layer (93) comprising liquid crystals, a polymer phase and dichroic dyes, the electroactive layer between an upper support (91) comprising an upper electrode (92) and a lower support (91') comprising a lower electrode (92'), the electroactive layer (93) being between the lower (94') and upper (94) electrodes, the lower support (91') being closer to face F3 than the upper support (91), a guide layer,of refractive index ng in the visible, capable of guiding light by total internal reflection, between the liquid crystal cell and the guide layer, an optical insulating layer, optically isolating the liquid crystal cell from the guide layer, optical insulating layer with a refractive index n2 in the visible, and with ng-n2 which is at least 0.04 in the visible, of submillimeter thickness Ei of at least 400nm, characterized in that the glazing comprises a coated substrate (5, 5') which includes:, - a transparent film (5'), called the carrier film, made of a material distinct from a fluoropolymer, with a main front face Fa (51') oriented towards face F2 and an opposing main rear face Fb (52') and a second edge, of submillimeter thickness Ef, the carrier film (91', 5') is a thermoplastic polymer, - an optical insulating coating (5) which constitutes the optical insulating layer, made of a material comprising a matrix distinct from a fluoropolymer, on one of the front face Fa or rear face Fb, called the coated face, and another second edge (50), the matrix has a refractive index n2 m greater than n2 and less than ng, and the optical insulating coating comprising (na no) porosities and / or (nano)particles of low index, with a refractive index less than ng.

2. Illuminatable vehicle glazing according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical insulating coating is on the back face of the polymer carrier film, the low index (nano)particles are of size of at most 300nm, the matrix is ​​in particular organic.

3. Illuminatable vehicle glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the optical insulating coating is on the back face of the polymer carrier film, the matrix is organic, preferably polyacrylate-based polymer and low index (nano)particles are in particular hollow with a size of no more than 300nm, preferably hollow silica nanoparticles.

4. Illuminatable vehicle glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in configuration i) the coated substrate (5, 5') is laminated between the second and third faces F2 and F3, the second sheet having a refractive index n1 in the visible spectrum, preferably of at least 1.48 and at most 1.6, in particular from 1.5 to 1.53, and in particular ng = n1, or in that in configuration j), it comprises a third sheet (2'), made of mineral glass or polymer foil, with a fifth principal face F5 (15'), a sixth principal face F6 (16') and a third slice (20'), having a refractive index n1 in the visible spectrum, preferably of at least 1.48 and at most 1.6, in particular 1.5 to 1.53, the third sheet (2') being linked with the second sheet (2) via another lamination interlayer (3') comprising another upper interlayer (31') and another lower interlayer (32') in contact with the fifth face F5 and of refractive index n'3 in the visible, and in configuration j) the coated substrate (5', 5) is between the other upper and lower interlayers (31', 32') of said other lamination interlayer (3'), in particular ng= n'1.

5. Illuminatable vehicle glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower support (91') forms the carrier film (5), the optical insulating coating (5') being on the rear face Fb of the carrier film or in that the coated substrate (5, 5') being laminated between the second and third faces F2 and F3 and distinct from the lower support (91'), the second edge extends beyond the first edge for example by at least 1 mm or 5 mm and even by at most 10 cm or 5 cm or 1 cm.

6. Illuminatable vehicle glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the glazing comprises means for masking the outside of the first edge, and even the other second edge of the optical insulating coating, referred to as external masking means, and preferably the glazing comprises means for masking the inside of the first edge, and even the other second edge of the optical insulating coating, referred to as internal masking means, the external masking means comprising a peripheral internal masking layer, which is: - a coating on face F2, in particular enamel, or a coating on the upper interlayer, - or an opaque intermediate layer butted with the upper intermediate layer, called the short layer, set back from the first layer, and in that preferably the internal masking means include a peripheral internal masking layer which is: - a coating, on face F3 or F4, in particular enamel, or a coating on an intermediate layer of laminate under the lower support, in particular on a lower intermediate layer or an additional intermediate layer between the lower intermediate layer and the lower support or on an intermediate frame layer - or an opaque interlayer of the lamination interlayer, under the lower support, in particular an additional interlayer between the lower interlayer and the lower support or on an interlayer frame layer.

7. Illuminatable vehicle glazing according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the glazing is a side glazing, in particular an opening one, the other second edge having a lower longitudinal border below the lower visibility limit of the glazing, and in that the layer of peripheral internal masking includes an upper longitudinal masking band, in particular horizontal, or even one or more internal lateral masking bands, and preferably the peripheral internal masking layer includes an upper longitudinal internal masking band, or even one or more internal lateral masking bands, or the peripheral internal masking layer forms a frame, and in particular where the glazing is a roof, a light source for optical guidance and even with a light redirection element, such as a reflective prismatic film or transparent, are masked by said peripheral internal masking layer (7).

8. Illuminatable vehicle glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coated substrate (5, 5', 91) is laminated between the second and third faces F2 and F3, and the glazing comprises a light source (4, 4'), preferably an array of light-emitting diodes, which is on the fourth face F4 and coupled to a light redirection element (8, 8'), which is: - prismatic reflector element and third face F3, particularly opposite the light source, in particular prismatic reflector element comprising reflector prisms oriented towards the third face F3 or towards the second face F2, -or transparent light redirection element, fourth main face F4 side.

9. Illuminatable vehicle glazing according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the light redirection element (8, 8') is transparent and on the fourth main face F4 side, or is a prismatic reflector element on the third face F3 side, comprising reflector prisms, in particular oriented towards the third face F3 or towards the second face F2, preferably offset from the liquid crystal cell, and in that the light redirection element (8, 8') is: - at least partially opposite the optical insulating coating (5), - or at most 4mm, preferably at most 1mm, from the optical insulating coating (5).

10. Illuminatable vehicle glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a diffusing coating (6), forming means for extracting light, preferably local or discontinuous, and opposite the liquid crystal cell, and in that the diffusing coating is on the lower interlayer (32), which is in particular based on PVB, in contact with the optical insulating coating (5) and / or on a face oriented towards the face F3 and / or is carried by the carrier film and on the optical insulating coating (5), and preferably the diffusing coating is on the lower interlayer (32) which is based on PVB, the lower interlayer and diffusing coating assembly having a blur of at most 20%, the binder of the diffusing coating being organic, preferably chosen from polymers based on polyacrylate, polyepoxides, polyvinyl acetate, polyester, polyurethane.

11. Illuminatable vehicle glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the glazing is a side glazing, in particular opening and rear glazing, and in that it comprises means for extracting light (6), preferably in the form of a diffusing coating on the lower interlayer, forming an internal luminous signaling in the form of extraction patterns in particular: - of pictogram(s) - and / or a progress indicator by progressive feeding of extraction patterns, internal light signage located in a lower peripheral band of the glazing, in particular extending horizontally, at a distance, in particular at least 5 or 10cm, from a longitudinal and horizontal light source (4) below the lower limit of visibility of the glazing.

12. Illuminatable vehicle glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the glazing is a side glazing (300) opening in particular at the rear with at least the first pane having a first irregular lower longitudinal edge having at least a first projecting portion called the first overhang, and in that the glazing comprises a longitudinal light source extending horizontally and below the lower visibility limit of the glazing, at a distance from a glazing fixing zone intended to be coupled to a window lifting system, a holding zone connected to the first overhang, the longitudinal source at a distance in particular of at least 5 or 10 cm from means of extracting light into the clear of the glazing in particular in the form of a diffusing coating.

13. Illuminatable vehicle glazing according to claim 11, characterized in that the inner glass is of reduced size, the second slice is straight, in particular horizontal, and below the lower visibility limit of the glazing, the longitudinal light source is housed under face F2 along the second slice for optical coupling by the second slice or in that the second sheet has a second irregular lower longitudinal edge having at least one protruding portion called second overhang opposite said first overhang, the longitudinal light source is linked to face F4 and the glazing preferably includes a light redirection reflector element on face F3 opposite the longitudinal light source, below the lower visibility limit of the glazing.

14. Vehicle incorporating illuminable vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims.

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