Data transmission method and apparatus, terminal, and network side device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of communications, and discloses a data transmission method and apparatus, a terminal, and a network side device. The data transmission method in embodiments of the present application comprises: a first device and a second device transmit first data; and the first device establishes a target connection with the second device on the basis of the first data; wherein the first data comprises at least one of the following: first information, the first information being used for indicating a first knowledge base used by the first device; second information, the second information being used for indicating a second knowledge base used by the second device; third information, the third information being used for indicating capability information of the first device; and fourth information, the fourth information being used for indicating capability information of the second device.

Description

Data transmission method, apparatus, terminal and network side device

[0001] Cross-reference to Related Applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410830612.7, filed on June 25, 2024, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present application belongs to the technical field of communication, and particularly relates to a data transmission method, apparatus, terminal and network side device. BACKGROUND

[0004] It is known that, at present, in a communication system, a connection between devices is usually established based on wireless channel conditions (such as resource status, etc.). However, since the device capabilities and knowledge base configurations of different devices can be different, when a device selects another device for communication, if the device capabilities or knowledge base configurations of the devices are different, the effect of communication can not meet the requirements, or the connection can not be successfully established at all. Therefore, how to avoid the mismatch between the capabilities and knowledge base configurations of devices, resulting in a failed connection establishment, has become a problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0005] Embodiments of the present application provide a data transmission method, apparatus, terminal and network side device, which can solve the problem that the mismatch between the capabilities and knowledge base configurations of devices results in a failed connection establishment.

[0006] In a first aspect, a data transmission method is provided, comprising:

[0007] transmitting, by a first device and a second device, first data;

[0008] establishing, by the first device, a target connection with the second device based on the first data;

[0009] The first data comprises at least one of the following: first information, the first information being used to indicate a first knowledge base used by the first device; second information, the second information being used to indicate a second knowledge base used by the second device; third information, the third information being used to indicate capability information of the first device; and fourth information, the fourth information being used to indicate capability information of the second device.

[0010] In a second aspect, a data transmission apparatus is provided, comprising:

[0011] a transmission module, configured to transmit, with a second device, first data;

[0012] a processing module, configured to establish a target connection with the second device based on the first data.

[0013] The first data includes at least one of: first information used to indicate a first knowledge base used by the first device; second information used to indicate a second knowledge base used by the second device; third information used to indicate capability information of the first device; and fourth information used to indicate capability information of the second device.

[0014] In a third aspect, a data transmission apparatus is provided, which is configured to perform the steps of the method according to the first aspect.

[0015] In a fourth aspect, a terminal is provided, which includes a processor and a memory storing programs or instructions executable on the processor, and the programs or instructions, when executed by the processor, implement the steps of the method according to the first aspect.

[0016] In a fifth aspect, a terminal is provided, which includes a processor and a communication interface, and wherein

[0017] The processor is configured to transmit first data to a second device;

[0018] The communication interface is configured to establish a target connection with the second device based on the first data;

[0019] The first data includes at least one of: first information used to indicate a first knowledge base used by the first device; second information used to indicate a second knowledge base used by the second device; third information used to indicate capability information of the first device; and fourth information used to indicate capability information of the second device.

[0020] In a sixth aspect, a network-side device is provided, which includes a processor and a memory storing programs or instructions executable on the processor, and the programs or instructions, when executed by the processor, implement the steps of the method according to the first aspect.

[0021] In a seventh aspect, a network-side device is provided, which includes a processor and a communication interface, and wherein

[0022] The processor is configured to transmit first data to a second device;

[0023] The communication interface is configured to establish a target connection with the second device based on the first data;

[0024] The first data includes at least one of the following: first information used to indicate a first knowledge base used by the first device; second information used to indicate a second knowledge base used by the second device; third information used to indicate capability information of the first device; and fourth information used to indicate capability information of the second device.

[0025] In an eighth aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, and the readable storage medium stores a program or instructions, and the program or instructions are executed by a processor to implement the steps of the method in the first aspect.

[0026] In a ninth aspect, a wireless communication system is provided, and the wireless communication system includes a terminal and a network side device, and the terminal or the network device is configured to implement the steps of the method in the first aspect.

[0027] In a tenth aspect, a chip is provided, and the chip includes a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to run a program or instructions to implement the method in the first aspect.

[0028] In an eleventh aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, and the computer program / program product is stored in a storage medium, and the computer program / program product is executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the method in the first aspect.

[0029] In the embodiments of the present application, the first device and the second device transmit first data, the first device establishes a target connection with the second device based on the first data, and the first data includes at least one of the following: first information used to indicate a first knowledge base used by the first device; second information used to indicate a second knowledge base used by the second device; third information used to indicate capability information of the first device; and fourth information used to indicate capability information of the second device. In this way, since at least one of the first knowledge base, the second knowledge base and the capability information is transmitted between the first device and the second device before the connection is established, the mismatch between the capability of the device and the related configuration of the knowledge base is avoided, and the connection establishment failure is avoided. Therefore, the success rate of the communication connection establishment and the communication efficiency are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system to which the embodiments of the present application can be applied;

[0031] FIG. 2 is a basic flowchart of semantic communication;

[0032] FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] FIG. 4 is a flow diagram of performing semantic alignment in a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a data transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of a network-side device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The terms "first", "second", and the like in the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a particular order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second" are generally of a kind and are not limited in number, for example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "or" in the present application means at least one of the connected objects. For example, the protection scope of "A or B" at least covers three schemes, namely, scheme one: including A and not including B; scheme two: including B and not including A; scheme three: including A and B. In addition, the terms "A and / or B", "at least one of A and B", "at least one of A or B" also at least cover the above three schemes, respectively. The character " / " generally represents that the objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0039] The term "indication" in the present application can be a direct indication (or explicit indication) or an indirect indication (or implicit indication). The direct indication can be understood as that the sender explicitly informs the receiver of specific information, operations to be performed or requested results, etc. in the indication sent by the sender. The indirect indication can be understood as that the receiver determines the corresponding information according to the indication sent by the sender, or judges and determines the operations to be performed or the requested results according to the judgment result.

[0040] It is worth noting that the technology described in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) or other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in the embodiments of the present application are often used interchangeably, and the described technology can be used in the above-mentioned systems and radio technologies, as well as in other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes a New Radio (NR) system for example purposes, and NR terminology is used in most of the following description, but these technologies can also be applied to systems other than NR systems, such as 6th Generation (6G) communication systems. th

[0041] ​FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a wireless communication system to which embodiments of the present application can be applied. The wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network-side device 12. The terminal 11 can be a terminal-side device such as a mobile phone, a Tablet Personal Computer, a Laptop Computer, a notebook computer, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a palmtop computer, a netbook, an Ultra-mobile Personal Computer (UMPC), a Mobile Internet Device (MID), an Augmented Reality (AR) device, a Virtual Reality (VR) device, a robot, a wearable device, a flight vehicle, a Vehicle User Equipment (VUE), a shipboard device, a Pedestrian User Equipment (PUE), a smart home (a home device with a wireless communication function such as a refrigerator, a television, a washing machine, or furniture), a game console, a Personal Computer (PC), a kiosk, or a self-service machine. The wearable device includes a smart watch, a smart bracelet, a smart earphone, smart glasses, smart jewelry (a smart bracelet, a smart necklace, a smart ring, a smart necklace, a smart anklet, a smart necklace, etc.), a smart wristband, smart clothes, etc. The vehicle-mounted device can also be referred to as a vehicle-mounted terminal, a vehicle-mounted controller, a vehicle-mounted module, a vehicle-mounted component, a vehicle-mounted chip, or a vehicle-mounted unit, etc. It should be noted that the specific type of the terminal 11 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. The network-side device 12 can include an access network device or a core network device. The access network device can also be referred to as a Radio Access Network (RAN) device, a radio access network function, or a radio access network unit. The access network device can include a base station, a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) Access Point (AP), or a Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) node, etc.The base station can be referred to as a Node B (NB), an evolved Node B (eNB), a next generation Node B (gNB), a New Radio Node B (NR Node B), an access point, a relay station (RBS), a serving base station (SBS), a base transceiver station (BTS), a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a basic service set (BSS), an extended service set (ESS), a home Node B (HNB), a home evolved Node B, a transmit / receive point (TRP), or some other suitable terminology in the art, and is not limited to a particular technical terminology, provided that the same technical effect is achieved. It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, only the base station in the NR system is taken as an example for introduction, and the specific type of the base station is not limited.

[0042] The core network device can also be referred to as a core network node, a core network function, or a core network network element, etc., which includes but is not limited to at least one of the following: a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management function (AMF), a session management function (SMF), a user plane function (UPF), a policy control function (PCF), a policy and charging rules function (PCRF), an edge application server discovery function (EASDF), a unified data management (UDM), a unified data repository (UDR), a home subscriber server (HSS), a centralized network configuration (CNC), a network repository function (NRF), a network exposure function (NEF), a local NEF (L-NEF), a binding support function (BSF), an application function (AF), a location management function (LMF), a gateway mobile location center (GMLC), a network data analytics function (NWDAF), etc. It should be noted that only the core network device in the NR system is taken as an example for introduction in the embodiments of the present application, and the specific type of the core network device is not limited. If the name of the core network device mentioned in the embodiments of the present application changes in the subsequent protocol version (for example, 6G), it is also within the protection scope of the present application.

[0043] Optionally, the core network device can be implemented by one or more function modules in one device, or can be jointly implemented by multiple devices, and the embodiments of the present application do not make a specific limitation in this regard. It can be understood that the above function modules can be network elements in a hardware device, software function modules running on a special hardware, or virtualized function modules instantiated on a platform (for example, a cloud platform).

[0044] For the convenience of understanding, some contents related to the embodiments of the present application are described below:

[0045] Compared with the traditional "syntax" communication which pursues bit-level fidelity and lossless transmission, semantic communication allows a certain error between the recovered information at the sink and the original information at the source, which actually meets the needs of many downstream tasks, for example, even if the image has a certain blur, it will not affect the overall viewing experience of the user. In other words, semantic communication reduces unnecessary redundant information by only transmitting the meaning and utility of the content, i.e., "semantics" and "pragmatics", to achieve the improvement of communication efficiency.

[0046] In order to achieve this goal, semantic communication needs to make full use of the prior knowledge of the transmitting and receiving parties to efficiently and targetedly process the transmission content and retain and transmit the key semantic information. The forms of prior knowledge are diverse, such as the constructed knowledge base, the parameters of the neural network, and even the context relevance of the transmitted information. The basic process of semantic communication is shown in FIG. 2.

[0047] At the sending end, the original information generated by the source is subjected to feature extraction and source-channel joint encoding to obtain modulation symbols that can be directly transmitted over the air interface; at the receiving end, the modulation symbols received over the air interface are subjected to source-channel joint decoding and feature reconstruction to recover the original information or the information required by the downstream task. The feature extraction and source-channel joint encoding at the sending end can be jointly operated, and the source-channel joint decoding and feature reconstruction at the receiving end can also be jointly operated, for example, both are respectively completed by a neural network, i.e., the encoder neural network (i.e., the encoder (Encoder)) and the decoder neural network (i.e., the decoder (Decoder)) in the figure.

[0048] Semantic communication is a new type of communication technology that can improve transmission efficiency and quality, and the goal of its system design is to meet the needs of downstream tasks, rather than emphasizing bit-level error-free transmission, that is, allowing "lossy" transmission. Further, semantic communication no longer regards data as indistinguishable bits, but needs to extract "semantic" information from data, and at the same time, enhances the data according to the transmission channel, improves the communication efficiency by integrating source encoding and channel encoding.

[0049] The biggest difference between the traditional wireless communication system and the semantic communication technology is that the data transmission is performed by using the semantic communication technology, which is not only related to the wireless channel condition, but also related to the semantic knowledge base and the terminal reasoning capability. If the terminal capability and the related configuration of the semantic communication do not match, the effect of the semantic communication may not meet the requirements or the connection may not be successfully established. At present, the channel establishment mechanism for the semantic communication is still unclear. Therefore, the data transmission method is provided.

[0050] The data transmission method provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail in combination with the accompanying drawings and some embodiments and application scenarios.

[0051] Referring to FIG. 3, the data transmission method provided by the embodiments of the present application includes the following steps.

[0052] In step 301, a first device and a second device transmit first data.

[0053] In step 302, the first device establishes a target connection with the second device based on the first data.

[0054] The first data includes at least one of the following: first information, the first information being used to indicate a first knowledge base used by the first device; second information, the second information being used to indicate a second knowledge base used by the second device; third information, the third information being used to indicate capability information of the first device; and fourth information, the fourth information being used to indicate capability information of the second device.

[0055] In the embodiments of the present application, the first information and the third information can be understood as information related to the first device, and the second information and the fourth information can be understood as information related to the second device. The transmission behavior can include at least one of sending and receiving, that is, the first device and the second device transmitting the first data can be understood as including at least one of the following:

[0056] The first device sends or reports the first information to the second device.

[0057] The first device sends or reports the third information to the second device.

[0058] The first device receives the second information from the second device.

[0059] The first device receives the fourth information from the second device.

[0060] Optionally, the first device can be a terminal or a network side device, and the second device can be a terminal or a network side device, which are not limited herein. That is, the data transmission method provided in the present application can be applied to the communication scenario of a terminal and a network side device, or the communication scenario between terminals.

[0061] Optionally, the knowledge base in the embodiments of the present application can be understood as being used to convert the to-be-transmitted information to form transmission data (which can also be referred to as semantic data) used to represent the to-be-transmitted information. For example, the first device or the second device can perform semantic conversion processing on the to-be-transmitted information based on the knowledge base, obtain transmission data used to represent the to-be-transmitted information, and send the transmission data to the opposite end. The knowledge base can be understood or replaced by a semantic knowledge base, and the first knowledge base can also be referred to as a first semantic knowledge base.

[0062] Optionally, the semantic conversion can include at least one of the following operations:

[0063] Linear transformation: such as matrix addition, matrix subtraction, matrix multiplication, matrix inversion, matrix decomposition, matrix or vector concatenation, etc.

[0064] Nonlinear transformation: such as nonlinear function, neural network, quantization, data truncation, reserved or cropped bits, reserved or cropped elements (elements can be integers, floating-point numbers, or quantized values thereof), added padding bits or elements; wherein the neural network includes but is not limited to common neural network structures or methods, such as Fully Convolutional Network (FCN), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Generative Adversarial Network (GAN), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Residual Network (ResNet), Transformer, Variational Autoencoder (VAE), Autoencoder (AE), etc.

[0065] It should be noted that the capability information in the embodiments of the present application can be understood as capability information related to semantic communication, or the capability information can be understood as capability information used to establish a semantic communication channel or a semantic communication connection.

[0066] The embodiment of the present application transmits first data through a first device and a second device; the first device establishes a target connection with the second device based on the first data; wherein the first data comprises at least one of the following: first information, the first information being used to indicate a first knowledge base used by the first device; second information, the second information being used to indicate a second knowledge base used by the second device; third information, the third information being used to indicate capability information of the first device; and fourth information, the fourth information being used to indicate capability information of the second device. In this way, since at least one of the first knowledge base, the second knowledge base and the capability information is transmitted between the first device and the second device before the connection is established, the mismatch between the capability of the device and the related configuration of the knowledge base is avoided, and the failure of the connection establishment is avoided. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application improves the success rate of the communication connection establishment and the communication efficiency.

[0067] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first information comprises any of the following:

[0068] the first knowledge base;

[0069] incremental data of the first knowledge base;

[0070] identification information of the first knowledge base.

[0071] In the embodiment of the present application, the first device sends the first information to the second device, so that the second device knows the first knowledge base used by the first device.

[0072] For example, the first device can directly send the first knowledge base regardless of whether the second device has the first knowledge base.

[0073] For example, in the case that the second device has the first knowledge base and the first device updates the first knowledge base, the first device can send the incremental data of the first knowledge base to the second device, thereby reducing the resource consumption.

[0074] For example, when the second device already has various knowledge bases, the first device can indicate the enabled knowledge base through the identification information; or the second device can obtain the knowledge base corresponding to the identification information from a specified network node or network function according to the identification information.

[0075] Optionally, in some embodiments, the second information comprises any of the following:

[0076] the second knowledge base;

[0077] incremental data of the second knowledge base;

[0078] identification information of the second knowledge base.

[0079] In the embodiments of the present application, the second device sends the first information to the first device, so that the first device learns the first knowledge base used by the second device.

[0080] For example, the second device can directly send the first knowledge base regardless of whether the first device has the first knowledge base.

[0081] For example, in the case that the first device has the first knowledge base and the second device updates the first knowledge base, the first device can send the incremental data of the first knowledge base to the second device, thereby reducing the resource overhead.

[0082] For example, when the first device already has various knowledge bases, the second device can indicate the enabled knowledge base through the identification information; or the first device can obtain the knowledge base corresponding to the identification information from a specified network node or network function according to the identification information.

[0083] Optionally, in some embodiments, the third information satisfies any one of the following conditions:

[0084] The third information includes the indication information of the capability information of the first device, and the first information is carried by a radio resource control (RRC) message, a medium access control control element (MAC CE), control information, a system message, a broadcast message, a multicast message, or a dedicated signaling.

[0085] The third information implicitly indicates the capability information of the first device through associated first target information, and the first target information includes at least one of the following: access resources, logical channels, flow information, preset capabilities, and signals generated based on the capability information of the first device; or the first target information includes at least one of the following: a synchronization signal and PBCH block (SSB) period, a random access channel occasion (RO) period, a system information block (SIB) period, a network identifier, a network type, a network feature, a service type, and a service feature.

[0086] In the embodiments of the present application, the third information includes the indication information of the capability information of the first device, which can be understood as that the first device explicitly indicates the capability information of the first device. Optionally, various capability sets can be defined, and the identification of the capability set is used to indicate the capability information of the first device, so that the resource overhead of capability indication can be reduced.

[0087] Optionally, the third information implicitly indicates the capability information of the first device through the associated first target information, which can be understood as that the first device implicitly indicates the capability information of the first device. For example, in some embodiments, the terminal can inform the network side device by using special access resources, including at least one of the following:

[0088] Signal format, such as Cyclic prefix (CP) format or waveform;

[0089] Signal content, such as carried sequence, sequence generation method, sequence index or sequence index group;

[0090] Signal resource, including at least one of time-frequency code domain resource.

[0091] For another example, special logical channel or Flow information is used, including at least one of the following:

[0092] Special logical channel identifier (Logical Channel IDentifier, LCID) is associated with a group or one agreed capability;

[0093] Special Flow identifier (Identifier, ID) or Flow feature (such as source and destination address, Quality of Service (QoS) ID, etc.) is associated with a group or one agreed capability.

[0094] For another example, the above-mentioned semantic communication related capability information is associated with a preset capability, which can be another capability or a set of capabilities, such as the above-mentioned semantic communication related capability information is associated with a certain Feature X, when X is reported, the semantic communication related capability information associated with the Feature X is also activated.

[0095] For another example, the above-mentioned semantic communication related capability information is associated with a signal generated based on the capability information of the first device, and the second device can obtain and match the capability of the first device by blindly detecting the signal.

[0096] For another example, a special SSB period, RO interval or period, SIB period, etc. is configured to associate a type of network or a group of capabilities.

[0097] For another example, a special Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) ID and other network IDs are associated with a type of network or a group of capabilities.

[0098] For another example, the above-mentioned semantic communication related capability information can be associated with other network types or network features, such as:

[0099] whether a non-terrestrial network (NTN) or a terrestrial network (TN) or a non-public network (Non-public network);

[0100] For another example, the semantic communication related capability information can be associated with a service type or a service feature, and when a service meets certain conditions (such as QoS or category), the associated semantic communication related capability information is activated.

[0101] In the embodiments of the present application, the network type included in the third information can be understood as other network types, that is, the network type can include at least one of NTN, TN and Non-public network.

[0102] Optionally, in some embodiments, the fourth information satisfies any one of the following:

[0103] The fourth information includes indication information of the capability information of the second device, and the fourth information is carried by an RRC message, a MAC CE, control information, a system message, a broadcast message, a groupcast message or dedicated signaling;

[0104] The fourth information implicitly indicates the capability information of the second device through associated second target information, and the second target information includes at least one of the following: access resources, logical channels, flow information, preset capabilities and signals generated based on the capability information of the second device; or the second target information includes at least one of the following: synchronization signal period, random access opportunity period, system information block period, network identity, network type, network feature, service type and service feature.

[0105] In the embodiments of the present application, the indication of the fourth information is similar to the indication of the third information, and the difference lies in the difference between the sending end and the receiving end. For details, refer to the description of the third information above, which will not be repeated here.

[0106] Optionally, in some embodiments, the capability information includes at least one of the following:

[0107] Type of supported knowledge base;

[0108] Knowledge base occupied space;

[0109] Maximum storage space of knowledge base

[0110] Version information of knowledge base;

[0111] Update rule of knowledge base;

[0112] Inference capability;

[0113] Computing capability;

[0114] Updating capability of knowledge base;

[0115] Symbol processing capability;

[0116] Air interface signal processing capability;

[0117] Power demand information;

[0118] Absolute power consumption;

[0119] Unit capability power consumption.

[0120] Optionally, the type of supported knowledge base can be understood or replaced as the form of supported knowledge base, which can specifically include at least one of the following:

[0121] Artificial intelligent (AI) model parameters: neural network structure and neural network weight;

[0122] Database or knowledge graph: composed of a series of <Key, Value> binary tuples, or composed of a series of <Head, Relation, Tail> triplets, or a relationship graph generated based on the above binary tuples and triplets;

[0123] Raw data: raw data distributed by a network or completed communication history, such as a series of texts, images, or videos stored locally.

[0124] Optionally, the above-mentioned knowledge base occupied space can be understood or replaced as the current occupied space of the knowledge base.

[0125] Optionally, the version information of the above-mentioned knowledge base can be understood or replaced as the version information corresponding to the current version of the knowledge base.

[0126] Optionally, the updating rule of the above-mentioned knowledge base can include:

[0127] First input first output (FIFO);

[0128] Last input first output (LIFO);

[0129] Based on priority or data category;

[0130] Other specified or agreed updating rule.

[0131] Optionally, the above-mentioned computing capability and reasoning capability can include at least one of the following:

[0132] Floating Point Operations Per Second (FLOPs), which can be single precision (16 bit), double precision (32 bit), or other precision;

[0133] Operations Per Second (OPS), which can be 8 bit, 16 bit, or other bit number;

[0134] Input / Output Operations Per Second (IOPS);

[0135] Required time or latency to perform a given task, such as processing a given size of text, image, or video and generating a symbol or air interface signal;

[0136] Number of given tasks completed in a given time, such as throughput rate of processing a given size of text, image, or video and generating a symbol or air interface signal;

[0137] Inference or compute unit architecture, such as Central Processing Unit (CPU), Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), Neural-network Processing Unit (NPU), Tensor Processing Unit (TPU), Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or combination thereof.

[0138] Optionally, the update capability of the knowledge base can include at least one of the following: whether the knowledge base is allowed to be updated, update frequency of the knowledge base;

[0139] Optionally, the symbol processing capability can include at least one of the following:

[0140] Whether the symbol needs to be quantized, which means mapping to a constellation diagram of finite constellation points;

[0141] Whether the symbol is directly output by an AI or neural network of the sending end;

[0142] Whether the symbol is directly processed by an AI or neural network of the receiving end, such as not needing to map the received symbol to the closest Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) constellation point first;

[0143] The symbol refers to a symbol modulated onto a carrier signal, such as a QAM modulation symbol.

[0144] Optionally, the air interface signal processing capability can include at least one of the following:

[0145] Whether the air interface waveform signal is directly output by the AI or neural network of the sending end, such as not needing to pass through the pre-processing of the Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT), Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and the like, but not excluding the necessary Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC) operation, such as interpolation, pulse shaping and the like;

[0146] Whether the air interface waveform signal is directly processed by the AI or neural network of the receiving end, such as not needing to pass through the pre-processing of the IFFT, FFT and the like, but not excluding the necessary Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) operation, such as matched filtering, sampling and the like.

[0147] Optionally, the power demand information can include an absolute value of power or a power percentage value.

[0148] Optionally, the absolute power consumption can be understood as the total power consumption of the terminal or the power consumption of each functional module, such as the power consumption of the inference module, the power consumption of the calculation module and the like.

[0149] Optionally, the unit capability power consumption can be represented by at least one of the following: the capability value of the preset capability divided by the absolute power consumption; the capability value of the preset capability divided by the power consumption of the functional module corresponding to the preset capability.

[0150] Optionally, in some embodiments, the third information is carried in a request message sent by the first device to the second device, or the fourth information is carried in a request message sent by the second device to the first device.

[0151] The request message is used to request to establish the target connection.

[0152] In the embodiments of the present application, the request for establishing the target connection triggered by the first device can also be triggered by the second device. When the first device requests to establish the target connection, the third information can be carried in the request message; when the second device requests to establish the target connection, the fourth information can be carried in the request message.

[0153] Optionally, in some embodiments, the request message further includes at least one of the following:

[0154] information about the existing knowledge base;

[0155] reason information;

[0156] information about the knowledge base expected to be used.

[0157] In an embodiment of the present application, the information about the existing knowledge base can include the type, size, version, etc. of the knowledge base.

[0158] The above-mentioned reason information can be understood as the reason for establishing the connection, and can specifically include the type of communication service (such as image transmission, audio transmission, etc.), the type of downstream task and its demand or target performance (such as the downstream task is image recognition, and the accuracy requirement is X%). The downstream task can be understood as a task performed based on semantic data transmitted by the target connection.

[0159] The above-mentioned information about the knowledge base expected to be used can include the type, size, version, etc. of the knowledge base.

[0160] Optionally, in some embodiments, after the first device and the second device transmit the first data, the method further includes:

[0161] The first device converts the reference data to be sent based on the first knowledge base to obtain second data, the second data being used to represent the reference data;

[0162] The first device sends the second data to the second device;

[0163] The first device receives a feedback result corresponding to the second data from the second device, the feedback result being used to indicate whether the knowledge base alignment is successful.

[0164] In an embodiment of the present application, the knowledge base alignment (which can also be referred to as semantic alignment) is based on reference data. The reference data can be a set of data agreed by the first device and the second device. The first device can select a first knowledge base, and use the first knowledge base to process the reference data to obtain second data, and send the second data to the second device; the second device can select one or more semantic databases to decode the second data, and send a feedback result to the first device based on the decoding. Whether the knowledge base alignment is successful or not can be understood or replaced as whether the transmission is successful or not, or whether the communication requirement is met. For example, based on the decoding result, if it is determined that the transmission is successful or the communication requirement is met, it can be considered that the knowledge base alignment is successful, otherwise it can be considered that the knowledge base alignment fails. If the knowledge base alignment fails, the first device replaces the knowledge base and processes the reference data again until the communication requirement is met, or declares that the connection establishment fails. In the case of declaring that the connection establishment fails, a new knowledge base can be sent again.

[0165] Optionally, in some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0166] The first device and the second device transmit at least one of:

[0167] first indication information, used to indicate that capability information has changed;

[0168] second indication information, used to indicate that a service type of a target service or a downstream task associated with the target service has changed, the target service being a service transmitted between the first device and the second device;

[0169] third indication information, used to indicate that a knowledge base has changed.

[0170] In the embodiments of the present application, in the process of semantic communication, various real-time changes may not meet the requirements of target tasks, therefore, the established semantic communication needs to be updated and maintained to ensure communication quality. Specifically, transmitting at least one of the first indication information, the second indication information and the third indication information by the first device and the second device can trigger updating and maintaining the established semantic communication, thereby improving the quality of communication.

[0171] Optionally, the first indication information can be sent by the first device to the second device, and at this time the first indication information is used to indicate that the capability information of the first device has changed; the first indication information can also be sent by the second device to the first device, and at this time the first indication information is used to indicate that the capability information of the second device has changed.

[0172] It should be understood that the process of updating and maintaining the established semantic communication can specifically be retriggering the related process of semantic alignment, and re-performing semantic alignment to ensure communication quality.

[0173] Optionally, in some embodiments, the target connection satisfies any one of the following:

[0174] The target connection is a semantic communication channel or a semantic communication connection;

[0175] The target connection is a connection or a channel used to deliver semantic data;

[0176] The target connection is a connection or a channel used to deliver data based on a semantic transmission method or a semantic communication method.

[0177] In order to better understand the present application, the following will take terminal and network side device as examples, and some examples will be described in detail.

[0178] Embodiment one: User Equipment (UE) capability and preference reporting, network type indication.

[0179] Based on the defined capability information related to semantic communication, various UE capability sets can be combined, as well as the corresponding network supported capabilities (or network types).

[0180] For example, UE capability set (Feature Set) A represents:

[0181] The supported semantic knowledge base is a neural network based AI model;

[0182] The storage space of the semantic knowledge base is X1 bytes;

[0183] The version of the semantic knowledge base is Y1;

[0184] The inference capability is Z1 Flops;

[0185] Supporting AI directly outputting unquantized modulation symbols;

[0186] Need to generate Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple (OFDM) symbols through IFFT.

[0187] UE capability set B represents:

[0188] The supported semantic knowledge base is a triple based knowledge graph;

[0189] The storage space of the semantic knowledge base is X2 bytes;

[0190] The version of the semantic knowledge base is Y2;

[0191] The computing capability is Z2 Flops;

[0192] Not supporting AI outputting modulation symbols;

[0193] Not supporting AI outputting air interface waveform signals.

[0194] In the above capability sets, each capability can contain multiple capability values, such as supporting a neural network based AI model and a triple based knowledge graph, etc. Based on the defined capability sets, the UE can indicate the supported capability sets to the network, or the network can indicate the required capability sets to the UE.

[0195] In addition to indicating or reporting in the form of a set of capabilities, a single capability can also be indicated or reported separately, for example, the UE can indicate that the supported semantic knowledge base type is XX; the inference capability is YY Flops, etc. Alternatively, the network or protocol can also predefine several possible values, such as the inference capability is in the range [F1, F2] for capability 1, the inference capability > F2 for capability 2, and the inference capability < F1 for capability 3, and then the UE reports which capability value it belongs to.

[0196] The UE can report its capability or set of capabilities to the network side by at least one of the following methods:

[0197] I. Explicit indication: report through at least one of RRC message, MAC CE, uplink control information (UCI), etc. during or after the connection establishment process;

[0198] II. Implicit indication

[0199] By using special access resources to inform the network side device;

[0200] A special LCID is associated with a group or a set of agreed capabilities

[0201] A special Flow ID or Flow feature (such as source and destination address, QoS ID, etc.) is associated with a group or a set of agreed capabilities;

[0202] Associated with other capabilities or sets of capabilities, such as when the above-mentioned capabilities are associated with a certain feature X, when X is reported, the associated above-mentioned capabilities are also activated;

[0203] Directly generate and send signals according to its own capabilities, and the network side device obtains and matches the UE's capabilities by blindly detecting the signals.

[0204] Similarly, the network side device can also indicate to the UE the capabilities that the network expects the UE to have, or equivalently, indicate the capabilities or types of the network, and the network side device can indicate to the UE by at least one of the following methods:

[0205] I. Explicit indication:

[0206] Directly indicated through system or broadcast message (such as the fields of Master Information Block (MIB) or SIB) or multicast or dedicated signaling;

[0207] Indicated through at least one of RRC, MAC CE, downlink control information (DCI), etc. during or after the connection establishment process.

[0208] II. Implicit indication

[0209] Determine a network type or a set of capabilities by associating special SSB period, RO interval or period, SIB period, etc.

[0210] Determine by associating special PLMN ID, etc. Network ID

[0211] Associated with other network types or network features, such as: whether it is NTN, TN or Non-public network;

[0212] Binding with a certain feature or a certain set of features, when the set of features is a certain configuration, the associated capabilities are also activated

[0213] Associated with service type or service feature, when the service meets certain conditions (such as QoS or category), the associated capabilities are activated.

[0214] Embodiment II, the establishment process of semantic channel.

[0215] The UE and the network side device establish a semantic communication channel including the following core steps:

[0216] Step 1, the UE selects a suitable network for access according to the capability information, for example, the terminal's capability needs to match the network's capability or type. Further, when reselecting a cell or network, it is also necessary to judge whether the UE's capability matches the network's type.

[0217] Step 2a, the UE or network side device sends the semantic knowledge base to the opposite end;

[0218] Before that, the terminal or network side device sends a request message to the opposite end, which can carry at least one of the following information:

[0219] Capability information related to semantic communication;

[0220] Information related to the existing semantic knowledge base;

[0221] Reason information;

[0222] Information related to the expected use of the semantic knowledge base.

[0223] Step 2b, the UE or network side device sends the increment of the semantic knowledge base to the opposite end;

[0224] Step 2c, the UE or network side device sends the identification information of the semantic knowledge base to the opposite end;

[0225] Step 3, semantic alignment. This step can be used in combination with step 1 (i.e., step 3 is performed during the access procedure) or separately (i.e., step 3 is performed after the access procedure).

[0226] a, the terminal and the network side device agree on a set of reference data;

[0227] b, the terminal or the network side device selects a semantic knowledge base, processes the reference data with the knowledge base and sends it to the opposite end, which also selects one or more semantic knowledge bases to decode the data and feeds back to the sending end whether the transmission is successful or whether the communication requirements can be met;

[0228] c, according to the feedback result of the opposite end, the UE or the network side changes the semantic knowledge base and performs the above process again until the requirements are met or the connection establishment fails, at which time the semantic knowledge base can be retransmitted.

[0229] As shown in FIG. 4, in some embodiments, the access procedure includes the following steps:

[0230] 1) The network side device broadcasts the network type to the terminal, indicating the semantic communication capability of the network side device;

[0231] 2) The terminal indicates its capability information through special physical random access channel (PRACH) resources such as preamble of Msg1;

[0232] 3) The network side device indicates the resource location of sending Msg3 to the terminal through Msg2;

[0233] 4) The terminal sends a connection establishment request to the network side device through Msg3, indicating the reason for connection establishment, such as service type, type and demand of downstream task, and recommended configuration, such as type of semantic knowledge base, reasoning capability requirement;

[0234] 5) The network side device sends the semantic knowledge base or the increment of the semantic knowledge base or ID information to the terminal in Msg4, if it is ID information, the terminal also needs to obtain the corresponding semantic knowledge base from the configured network node or function;

[0235] 6) The terminal sends the reference data to the network side device in Msg5 using the transmission method of semantic communication;

[0236] 7) The network side device receives the reference data in Msg5 using the transmission method of semantic communication, if the reception is successful or meets the required communication demand or downstream task demand, it indicates the success of semantic alignment to the terminal in Msg6, the semantic channel is successfully established, and the subsequent communication can be performed. Otherwise, any of the following operations is performed:

[0237] a. Indicate the UE side to adjust, such as reselecting the semantic knowledge base, and then re-executing Msg5;

[0238] b. Re-execute Msg4;

[0239] c. Declare a connection failure.

[0240] Embodiment three: maintenance process of semantic channel.

[0241] In the process of semantic communication, various real-time changes may not meet the requirements of the target task, therefore, the established semantic communication needs to be updated and maintained to ensure communication quality. Specifically, the update and maintenance includes at least one of the following steps:

[0242] In the process of semantic communication, various real-time changes may not meet the requirements of the target task, therefore, the established semantic communication needs to be updated and maintained to ensure communication quality. Specifically, the update and maintenance includes at least one of the following steps:

[0243] 1) Terminal or network side device capability update reporting and indication.

[0244] The semantic communication related capability may change due to the change of the state of the terminal or network side device, such as: when the power consumption is limited or occupied by other tasks part of the reasoning ability, storage capacity, the related capability for semantic communication is different from before;

[0245] The terminal or network side device can send the updated capability to the opposite end, such as the increment of the change; or resend all related capabilities;

[0246] The updated capability may trigger the update of the semantic knowledge base and the execution of the semantic alignment operation.

[0247] 2) Terminal or network side device requests to change the service type or downstream task.

[0248] When the service type changes or the downstream task changes, the currently established semantic communication channel may not meet the new business requirements;

[0249] The UE or network side can request the opposite end to change the service type or downstream task; or directly trigger the re-establishment of the semantic communication connection;

[0250] Similarly, changing the service type or downstream task may trigger the update of the semantic knowledge base and the execution of the semantic alignment operation.

[0251] 3) Update the semantic knowledge base, and the UE or network side indicates or sends at least one of the following:

[0252] changing the type of the semantic knowledge base, such as from a neural network to a knowledge graph;

[0253] an increment of the updated semantic knowledge base; or updated version, ID, and the like information;

[0254] updating the semantic knowledge base based on all or part of the transmitted data.

[0255] The updating of the semantic knowledge base includes the following cases:

[0256] Case 1: When the semantic knowledge base is raw data, according to the indication, all or part of the transmitted data is included in the semantic knowledge base, and if the storage capacity is exceeded, the old data is cleared according to the update rule.

[0257] Case 2: When the semantic knowledge base is of other types, then according to the indication, all or part of the transmitted data is processed to obtain the increment of the existing semantic knowledge base after target processing, which includes but is not limited to: AI model training method (such as back propagation), method of converting from source information to knowledge graph or database (such as word embedding, text segmentation), and the like.

[0258] 4) Semantic re-alignment.

[0259] Optionally, after any of the above steps, a semantic alignment step can be triggered to re-perform semantic alignment to ensure communication quality. The specific steps and embodiments are the same as those in Embodiment 2, which are not repeated here.

[0260] The data transmission method provided in the embodiments of the present application can be executed by a data transmission device. In the embodiments of the present application, the data transmission method executed by the data transmission device is taken as an example to illustrate the data transmission device provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0261] The embodiments of the present application provide a data transmission device. As an example, the data transmission device can be a communication device or a component in a communication device, such as a chip. The communication device can be a terminal, a network side device, or a server, etc. Illustratively, the terminal can include but is not limited to the types of the terminal 11 listed above, the network side device can include but is not limited to the types of the network side device 12 listed above, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited specifically.

[0262] The data transmission apparatus comprises a receiving module, a sending module and a processing module. The receiving module, the sending module and the processing module can be implemented by software or by hardware. When implemented by hardware, the processing module can be implemented by a processor, which can include a general-purpose processor, a special-purpose processor, a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an artificial intelligent (AI) processor, a graphics processing unit (GPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a network processor (NP), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, a gate circuit, a transistor, a discrete hardware component, etc. The receiving module and the sending module can be implemented by a communication interface, which can include a transceiver, a pin, a circuit, a bus, a radio frequency unit, etc.

[0263] Specifically, referring to FIG. 5, the data transmission apparatus 500 comprises:

[0264] a transmission module 501 configured to transmit first data to a second device;

[0265] a processing module 502 configured to establish a target connection with the second device based on the first data;

[0266] The first data comprises at least one of the following: first information, the first information being used to indicate a first knowledge base used by the first device; second information, the second information being used to indicate a second knowledge base used by the second device; third information, the third information being used to indicate capability information of the first device; and fourth information, the fourth information being used to indicate capability information of the second device.

[0267] Optionally, the first information comprises any one of the following:

[0268] the first knowledge base;

[0269] incremental data of the first knowledge base;

[0270] identification information of the first knowledge base.

[0271] Optionally, the second information comprises any one of the following:

[0272] the second knowledge base;

[0273] incremental data of the second knowledge base;

[0274] identification information of the second knowledge base.

[0275] Optionally, the third information satisfies any one of the following:

[0276] the third information comprises indication information of capability information of the first device, and the first information is borne by a radio resource control (RRC) message, a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE), control information, a system message, a broadcast message, a groupcast message, or a dedicated signaling;

[0277] the third information implicitly indicates the capability information of the first device through associated first target information, the first target information comprising at least one of the following: an access resource, a logical channel, stream information, a preset capability, and a signal generated based on the capability information of the first device; or the first target information comprising at least one of the following: a synchronization signal period, a random access opportunity period, a system information block period, a network identity, a network type, a network feature, a service type, and a service feature.

[0278] Optionally, the fourth information satisfies any one of the following:

[0279] the fourth information comprises indication information of capability information of the second device, and the fourth information is borne by an RRC message, a MAC CE, control information, a system message, a broadcast message, a groupcast message, or a dedicated signaling;

[0280] the fourth information implicitly indicates the capability information of the second device through associated second target information, the second target information comprising at least one of the following: an access resource, a logical channel, stream information, a preset capability, and a signal generated based on the capability information of the second device; or the second target information comprising at least one of the following: a synchronization signal period, a random access opportunity period, a system information block period, a network identity, a network type, a network feature, a service type, and a service feature.

[0281] Optionally, the capability information comprises at least one of the following:

[0282] a type of a supported knowledge base;

[0283] a knowledge base occupied space;

[0284] a maximum storage space of a knowledge base

[0285] version information of a knowledge base;

[0286] an update rule of a knowledge base;

[0287] reasoning capability;

[0288] computing capability;

[0289] updating capability of knowledge base;

[0290] symbol processing capability;

[0291] air interface signal processing capability.

[0292] Optionally, the third information is carried in a request message sent by the first device to the second device, or the fourth information is carried in a request message sent by the second device to the first device.

[0293] The request message is used to request to establish the target connection.

[0294] Optionally, the request message further includes at least one of the following:

[0295] related information of the existing knowledge base;

[0296] reason information;

[0297] related information of the knowledge base expected to be used.

[0298] Optionally, the processing module is further configured to convert the reference data to be sent based on the first knowledge base to obtain second data, the second data being used to represent the reference data.

[0299] The transmission module is further configured to send the second data to a second device, and receive a feedback result corresponding to the second data from the second device, the feedback result being used to indicate whether the knowledge base alignment is successful.

[0300] Optionally, the processing module is further configured to transmit the following at least one to the second device:

[0301] first indication information, used to indicate that the capability information is changed;

[0302] second indication information, used to indicate that a service type of a target service or a downstream task associated with the target service is changed, the target service being a service transmitted between the first device and the second device;

[0303] third indication information, the third indication information being used to indicate that the knowledge base is changed.

[0304] Optionally, the target connection satisfies any one of the following:

[0305] the target connection is a semantic communication channel or a semantic communication connection;

[0306] The target connection is a connection or a channel for transmitting semantic data.

[0307] The target connection is a connection or a channel for transmitting data based on a semantic transmission method or a semantic communication method.

[0308] The data transmission apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application can implement each process implemented by the method embodiment of FIG. 3 and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0309] As shown in FIG. 6, the embodiments of the present application further provide a communication device 600, which includes a processor 601 and a memory 602, and the memory 602 stores programs or instructions executable on the processor 601. When the programs or instructions are executed by the processor 601, each step of the above data transmission method embodiments is implemented, and the same technical effects can be achieved. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0310] The embodiments of the present application further provide a terminal, which includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to run programs or instructions to implement the steps in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 3. The terminal embodiment corresponds to the above-mentioned first device-side method embodiment. Each implementation process and implementation manner of the above-mentioned method embodiment can be applied to the terminal embodiment, and the same technical effects can be achieved. The terminal can be the data transmission apparatus shown in FIG. 5. Specifically, FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a terminal for implementing the embodiments of the present application.

[0311] The terminal 700 includes, but is not limited to, at least part of the following components: a radio frequency unit 701, a network module 702, an audio output unit 703, an input unit 704, a sensor 705, a display unit 706, a user input unit 707, an interface unit 708, a memory 709, and a processor 710, etc.

[0312] Those skilled in the art can understand that the terminal 700 can further include a power supply (such as a battery) for supplying power to each component. The power supply can be logically connected to the processor 710 through a power management system, so as to realize functions such as management of charging, discharging, and power consumption management through the power management system. The terminal structure shown in FIG. 7 does not constitute a limitation on the terminal. The terminal can include more or fewer components than those shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements, which are not described herein.

[0313] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the input unit 704 can include a graphics processor 7041 and a microphone 7042, and the graphics processor 7041 processes image data of a still picture or a video obtained by an image capture device (such as a camera) in a video capture mode or an image capture mode. The display unit 706 can include a display panel 7061, which can be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light-emitting diode, etc. The user input unit 707 includes at least one of a touch panel 7071 and other input devices 7072. The touch panel 7071 is also called a touch screen. The touch panel 7071 can include two parts of a touch detection device and a touch controller. The other input devices 7072 can include, but are not limited to, a physical keyboard, function keys (such as volume control keys, on-off keys, etc.), a trackball, a mouse, a joystick, and the like, which will not be described here.

[0314] In the embodiments of the present application, after the radio frequency unit 701 receives the downlink data from the network side device, it can be transmitted to the processor 710 for processing. In addition, the radio frequency unit 701 can send uplink data to the network side device. Generally, the radio frequency unit 701 includes, but is not limited to, an antenna, an amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a low noise amplifier, a duplexer, etc.

[0315] The memory 709 can be used to store software programs or instructions and various data. The memory 709 can mainly include a first storage area storing programs or instructions and a second storage area storing data, wherein the first storage area can store an operating system, application programs or instructions required by at least one function (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.), etc. In addition, the memory 709 can include a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Programmable ROM (PROM), an Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), an Electrically EPROM (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory can be a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Static RAM (SRAM), a Dynamic RAM (DRAM), a Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), a Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), an Enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), a Synch link DRAM (SLDRAM), and a Direct Rambus RAM (DRRAM). The memory 709 in the embodiments of the present application includes but is not limited to these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0316] The processor 710 can include one or more processing units; optionally, the processor 710 integrates an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly processes operations related to an operating system, a user interface, and an application program, and the modem processor mainly processes wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It can be understood that the above-mentioned modem processor can also not be integrated into the processor 710.

[0317] The radio frequency unit 701 is configured to transmit first data with a second device;

[0318] The processor 710 is configured to establish a target connection with the second device based on the first data;

[0319] The first data includes at least one of the following: first information used to indicate a first knowledge base used by the first device; second information used to indicate a second knowledge base used by the second device; third information used to indicate capability information of the first device; and fourth information used to indicate capability information of the second device.

[0320] It can be understood that the implementation process of each implementation manner mentioned in the embodiment can refer to the related description of the first device side method embodiment and achieve the same or corresponding technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0321] The embodiment of the application further provides a network side device including a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface and the processor are coupled, the processor is used to run programs or instructions to realize the steps of the method embodiment shown in FIG. 3. The network side device embodiment corresponds to the network side device method embodiment described above, and each implementation process and implementation manner of the method embodiment described above can be applied to the network side device embodiment and achieve the same technical effects.

[0322] Specifically, the embodiment of the application further provides a network side device, which can be a data transmission apparatus shown in FIG. 5. As shown in FIG. 8, the network side device 800 includes an antenna 801, a radio frequency device 802, a baseband device 803, a processor 804 and a memory 805. The antenna 801 is connected with the radio frequency device 802. In the uplink direction, the radio frequency device 802 receives information through the antenna 801 and sends the received information to the baseband device 803 for processing. In the downlink direction, the baseband device 803 processes the information to be sent and sends it to the radio frequency device 802, and the radio frequency device 802 processes the received information and sends it out through the antenna 801.

[0323] The method performed by the network side device in the above embodiment can be implemented in the baseband device 803, which includes a baseband processor.

[0324] The baseband device 803 may, for example, include at least one baseband board on which a plurality of chips are arranged, as shown in FIG. 8, one of which is a baseband processor connected with the memory 805 through a bus interface to call programs in the memory 805 and perform the network side device operations shown in the above method embodiment.

[0325] The network side device can further include a network interface 806, which is, for example, a common public radio interface (Common Public Radio Interface, CPRI).

[0326] Specifically, the network side device 800 of the embodiment of the present application further comprises instructions or programs stored on the storage 805 and executable on the processor 804, the processor 804 invokes the instructions or programs in the storage 805 to execute the method performed by each module shown in FIG. 5 and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0327] The embodiment of the present application further provides a readable storage medium, the readable storage medium stores programs or instructions, the programs or instructions are executed by a processor to implement each process of the above-mentioned data transmission method embodiment, and the same technical effects can be achieved. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0328] The processor is the processor in the terminal in the above-mentioned embodiments. The readable storage medium includes a computer readable storage medium, such as a computer readable only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc. In some examples, the readable storage medium can be a non-transitory readable storage medium.

[0329] The embodiment of the present application further provides a chip, the chip includes a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface and the processor are coupled, the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement each process of the above-mentioned data transmission method embodiment, and the same technical effects can be achieved. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0330] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiment of the present application can also be referred to as a system chip, a system chip, a chip system or a system on chip, etc.

[0331] The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program / program product, the computer program / program product includes computer instructions, the computer program / program product is executed by at least one processor to implement each process of the above-mentioned data transmission method embodiment, and the same technical effects can be achieved. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0332] The embodiment of the present application further provides a wireless system, including a terminal and a network side device, the terminal or the network side device can be used to execute the steps of the first device side data transmission method as described above.

[0333] It should be noted that, in the present document, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can also include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. An element proceeded by "comprises a", "comprising", or the like does not, without more constraints, preclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. Furthermore, it is to be understood that the methods and apparatuses of the present application can be carried out by specific hardware, by software, or by a combination of hardware and software. It is therefore, contemplated to this patent to cover any and all modifications, variations, or equivalents that fall within the scope of the present application. Accordingly, where a concept can have been illustrated in only one of the exemplary embodiments, various aspects of the concept can be modified and / or combined to produce a variety of other embodiments that are not specifically illustrated. Thus, for purposes of describing particular embodiments, reference has been made to orientations. However, it should be understood that the described embodiments can be carried out in other orientations than those explicitly described without departing from the scope of the present application.

[0334] From the above description of the embodiments, it is apparent that the above-described method of the embodiments can be implemented by means of a computer software product and general hardware platform, of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disc, optical disc, etc.), and includes a plurality of instructions for making the terminal or network side device execute the method described in each embodiment of the present application.

[0335] The embodiments of the present application are described above in combination with the drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments, and the above-described specific embodiments are only illustrative, but not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many forms of embodiments under the inspiration of the present application without departing from the scope of the present application and the protection scope of the claims, and these embodiments all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A data transmission method, comprising: The first device and the second device transmit the first data; The first device establishes a target connection with the second device based on the first data; The first data includes at least one of the following: first information, which indicates a first knowledge base used by the first device; second information, which indicates a second knowledge base used by the second device; third information, which indicates capability information of the first device; and fourth information, which indicates capability information of the second device.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The first information includes any one of the following: The first knowledge base; Incremental data of the first knowledge base; The identification information of the first knowledge base.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The second information includes any one of the following: The second knowledge base; Incremental data for the second knowledge base; The identification information of the second knowledge base.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The third information satisfies any of the following: The third information includes indication information of the capability information of the first device, and the first information is carried by Radio Resource Control (RRC) messages, Media Access Control (MAC) control elements (CE), control information, system messages, broadcast messages, multicast messages, or proprietary signaling. The third information implicitly indicates the capability information of the first device through the associated first target information, the first target information including at least one of the following: access resources, logical channels, flow information, preset capabilities, and signals generated based on the capability information of the first device; or, the first target information including at least one of the following: synchronization signal period, random access opportunity period, system information block period, network identifier, network type, network characteristics, service type, and service characteristics.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The fourth piece of information satisfies any one of the following: The fourth information includes indication information of the capability information of the second device, and the fourth information is carried by RRC messages, MAC CE, control information, system messages, broadcast messages, multicast messages or proprietary signaling; The fourth information implicitly indicates the capability information of the second device through the associated second target information, the second target information including at least one of the following: access resources, logical channels, flow information, preset capabilities, and signals generated based on the capability information of the second device; or, the second target information including at least one of the following: synchronization signal period, random access opportunity period, system information block period, network identifier, network type, network characteristics, service type, and service characteristics.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The capability information includes at least one of the following: Supported knowledge base types; Knowledge base space usage; Maximum storage space of the knowledge base Version information of the knowledge base; Knowledge base update rules; reasoning ability; Computational ability; The ability to update the knowledge base; Symbol processing capability; Air interface signal processing capability; Power demand information; Absolute power consumption; Power consumption per unit capacity.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The third information is carried in a request message sent from the first device to the second device, or the fourth information is carried in a request message sent from the second device to the first device. The request message is used to request the establishment of the target connection.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein, The request message also includes at least one of the following: Relevant information from existing knowledge bases; Cause information; Information related to the knowledge base to be used.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein, After the first device and the second device transmit the first data, the method further includes: The first device transforms the reference data to be sent based on the first knowledge base to obtain second data, which is used to characterize the reference data. The first device sends the second data to the second device; The first device receives a feedback result from the second device based on the second data, the feedback result being used to indicate whether the knowledge base alignment was successful.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, The method further includes: The first device and the second device transmit at least one of the following: The first indication information is used to indicate that the capability information has changed; The second indication information is used to indicate that the service type of the target service or the downstream task associated with the target service has changed, wherein the target service is the service transmitted between the first device and the second device; The third indication information is used to indicate that the knowledge base has been changed.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein, The target connection satisfies any of the following: The target connection is a semantic communication channel or a semantic communication connection; The target connection is a connection or channel used to transmit semantic data; The target connection is a connection or channel for transmitting data based on semantic transmission methods or semantic communication methods.

12. A data transmission apparatus, comprising: The transmission module is used to transmit the first data to the second device; The processing module is used to establish a target connection with the second device based on the first data; The first data includes at least one of the following: first information, which indicates a first knowledge base used by the first device; second information, which indicates a second knowledge base used by the second device; third information, which indicates capability information of the first device; and fourth information, which indicates capability information of the second device.

13. The apparatus according to claim 12, wherein, The first information includes any one of the following: The first knowledge base; Incremental data of the first knowledge base; The identification information of the first knowledge base.

14. The apparatus according to claim 12, wherein, The second information includes any one of the following: The second knowledge base; Incremental data for the second knowledge base; The identification information of the second knowledge base.

15. The apparatus according to claim 12, wherein, The third information satisfies any of the following: The third information includes indication information of the capability information of the first device, and the first information is carried by Radio Resource Control (RRC) messages, Media Access Control (MAC) control elements (CE), control information, system messages, broadcast messages, multicast messages, or proprietary signaling. The third information implicitly indicates the capability information of the first device through the associated first target information, the first target information including at least one of the following: access resources, logical channels, flow information, preset capabilities, and signals generated based on the capability information of the first device; or, the first target information including at least one of the following: synchronization signal period, random access opportunity period, system information block period, network identifier, network type, network characteristics, service type, and service characteristics.

16. The apparatus according to claim 12, wherein, The fourth piece of information satisfies any one of the following: The fourth information includes indication information of the capability information of the second device, and the fourth information is carried by RRC messages, MAC CE, control information, system messages, broadcast messages, multicast messages or proprietary signaling; The fourth information implicitly indicates the capability information of the second device through the associated second target information, the second target information including at least one of the following: access resources, logical channels, flow information, preset capabilities, and signals generated based on the capability information of the second device; or, the second target information including at least one of the following: synchronization signal period, random access opportunity period, system information block period, network identifier, network type, network characteristics, service type, and service characteristics.

17. The apparatus according to any one of claims 12 to 16, wherein, The processing module is further configured to transform the reference data to be sent based on the first knowledge base to obtain second data, the second data being used to characterize the reference data; The transmission module is also used to send the second data to the second device; The second device receives feedback results based on the second data, which are used to indicate whether the knowledge base alignment was successful.

18. A terminal comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the data transmission method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11.

19. A network-side device, comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the data transmission method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11.

20. A readable storage medium storing a program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the data transmission method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11.

21. A computer program product comprising computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 11.

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