Method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving uplink control channel in wireless communication system

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and apparatus for performing uplink transmission and reception in a wireless communication system. The method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure comprises the steps of: receiving, from a base station by a terminal, first information related to an index for a first PUCCH resource set; receiving, from the base station by the terminal, second information including the number of a plurality of PUCCH resources related to the first PUCCH resource set; and on the basis of the first information and the second information, transmitting, by the terminal, a first PUCCH to the base station, wherein, on the basis that the number (k) of the plurality of PUCCH resources is greater than or equal to a predefined value (n), each of at least one first PUCCH resource from among the plurality of PUCCH resources may be based on a first parameter set, and each of at least one second PUCCH resource from among the plurality of PUCCH resources may be based on a second parameter set.

Description

Method and device for transmitting and receiving an uplink control channel in a wireless communication system

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system, and more particularly, to a method and device for transmitting and receiving an uplink control channel in a wireless communication system.

[0002] The fifth generation (5G) wireless communication system, the successor to 4G LTE (long-term evolution), is a new, clean-slate mobile communication system characterized by high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR (New Radio) can utilize all available spectrum resources, from low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, to intermediate-frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and to high-frequency (or millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz. 6G wireless communication systems are being developed based on the underlying technologies of 5G wireless communication.

[0003] The 6G wireless communication system is being developed with the goals of (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) reduced energy consumption of battery-free Internet of Things (IoT) devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision of the 6G system can be divided into four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity. Considering the requirements of the 6G system, such as a peak data rate of 1 Tbps per device, an end-to-end latency of 1 ms, a maximum spectrum efficiency of 100 bps / Hz, support for mobility of 1000 km / h, satellite integration, artificial intelligence (AI), autonomous vehicles, extended reality (XR), and haptic communication, various technologies are being researched.

[0004] The technical problem of the present disclosure is to provide a method and device for transmitting and receiving an uplink control channel in a wireless communication system.

[0005] In addition, an additional technical problem of the present disclosure is to provide a method and device for setting parameters related to a common uplink control channel resource set.

[0006] The technical problems to be achieved in the present disclosure are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by a person having ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present disclosure belongs from the description below.

[0007] A method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes the steps of: receiving, by a terminal, first information related to an index for a first physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource set from a base station; receiving, by the terminal, second information from the base station, second information including the number of a plurality of PUCCH resources related to the first PUCCH resource set; and transmitting, by the terminal, a first PUCCH to the base station based on the first information and the second information, wherein: each of at least one first PUCCH resource among the plurality of PUCCH resources may be based on a first parameter set, and each of at least one second PUCCH resource among the plurality of PUCCH resources may be based on a second parameter set.

[0008] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, a method includes the steps of: transmitting, by a base station, first information relating to an index for a first physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource set to a terminal; transmitting, by the base station, second information comprising a number of a plurality of PUCCH resources relating to the first PUCCH resource set to the terminal; and receiving, by the base station, a first PUCCH from the terminal based on the first information and the second information, wherein: each of at least one first PUCCH resource among the plurality of PUCCH resources may be based on a first parameter set, and each of at least one second PUCCH resource among the plurality of PUCCH resources may be based on a second parameter set.

[0009] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving an uplink control channel in a wireless communication system can be provided.

[0010] Additionally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may provide a method and apparatus for setting parameters related to a common uplink control channel resource set.

[0011] The effects that can be obtained from the present disclosure are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects that are not mentioned will be clearly understood by a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure pertains from the description below.

[0012] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and are part of the detailed description to aid in understanding the present disclosure, provide embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the detailed description, describe the technical features of the present disclosure.

[0013] Figure 1 illustrates a flexible network topology to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0014] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a communication system to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0015] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a wireless device to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0016] FIG. 4 exemplarily illustrates a communication procedure between a first node and a second node to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0017] FIG. 5 illustrates a functional framework for AI operations to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0018] FIG. 6 illustrates an example of operations related to AI model training and AI model inference to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0019] FIG. 7 illustrates another example of operations related to AI model training and AI model inference to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0020] FIG. 8 illustrates another example of operations related to AI model training and AI model inference to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0021] FIG. 9 illustrates an electromagnetic spectrum to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0022] FIG. 10 illustrates an example of a system information transmission / reception procedure to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0023] FIG. 11 exemplarily illustrates a beam management procedure to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0024] Figures 12 and 13 illustrate examples of NTN scenarios to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0025] FIG. 14 illustrates examples of sensing operations to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0026] FIG. 15 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of a terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] FIG. 16 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of a base station according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The detailed description set forth below, together with the accompanying drawings, is intended to explain exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and is not intended to represent the only embodiments in which the present disclosure may be practiced. The following detailed description includes specific details to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure. However, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the present disclosure may be practiced without these specific details.

[0029] In some cases, to avoid obscuring the concepts of the present disclosure, known structures and devices may be omitted or illustrated in block diagram form focusing on the core functions of each structure and device.

[0030] In the present disclosure, when a component is said to be "connected," "coupled," or "connected" to another component, this may include not only a direct connection but also an indirect connection in which another component exists between them. Furthermore, the terms "comprises" or "has" in the present disclosure specify the presence of the mentioned features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0031] In this disclosure, terms such as “first,” “second,” etc. are used only to distinguish one component from another and are not used to limit the components, and do not limit the order or importance between the components unless specifically stated otherwise. Accordingly, within the scope of this disclosure, a first component in one embodiment may be referred to as a second component in another embodiment, and similarly, a second component in one embodiment may be referred to as a first component in another embodiment.

[0032] The terminology used in this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the claims. As used in the description of the embodiments and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

[0033] In this disclosure, "A or B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." In other words, "A or B" in this disclosure can be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, "A, B or C" in this disclosure can mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C."

[0034] As used herein, a slash ( / ) or a comma may mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" may mean "A and / or B." Accordingly, "A / B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" may mean "A, B, or C."

[0035] In the present disclosure, “at least one of A and B” may mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.” Additionally, in the present disclosure, the expressions “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and / or B” may be interpreted identically to “at least one of A and B.”

[0036] Additionally, in the present disclosure, “at least one of A, B and C” can mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B and C.” Additionally, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and / or C” can mean “at least one of A, B and C.”

[0037] Additionally, parentheses used in the present disclosure may mean "for example." Specifically, when indicated as "control information (PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be described as an example of "control information." In other words, "control information" in the present disclosure is not limited to "PDCCH," and "PDCCH" may be described as an example of "control information." Furthermore, even when indicated as "control information (i.e., PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be described as an example of "control information."

[0038] In the following description, 'when, if, in case of' can be replaced with 'based on'.

[0039] Technical features individually described in one drawing in this disclosure may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0040] In the present disclosure, a terminal or user equipment (UE) may be a portable device and may be a first node that receives a signal from a base station / second node / IAB (integrated access backhaul) node.

[0041] In the present disclosure, a base station (BS) may be a second node / IAB node / Transmission-Reception Point (TRP).

[0042] In the present disclosure, higher layer parameters may be parameters configured, pre-configured, or pre-defined for the terminal. For example, a base station or a network may transmit higher layer parameters to the terminal. For example, the higher layer parameters may be transmitted via radio resource control (RRC) signaling or medium access control (MAC) signaling.

[0043] In the present disclosure, "setting or defining" may be interpreted as being set to a device through predefined signaling (e.g., SIB (system information block), MAC, RRC) from a base station or network. In the present disclosure, "setting or defining" may be interpreted as being set to a device through separate signaling or being defined in advance without separate signaling.

[0044] In the present disclosure, transmitting or receiving a channel means transmitting or receiving information or a signal through the channel. For example, transmitting a control channel means transmitting control information or a signal through the control channel. Similarly, transmitting a data channel means transmitting data information or a signal through the data channel.

[0045] The technology described in the present disclosure can be used in various wireless communication systems such as CDMA (code division multiple access), FDMA (frequency division multiple access), TDMA (time division multiple access), OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), and SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access). CDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as UTRA (universal terrestrial radio access) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as GSM (global system for mobile communications) / GPRS (general packet radio service) / EDGE (enhanced data rates for GSM evolution). OFDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (evolved UTRA), LTE (long term evolution), and 5G NR.

[0046] The technology described in the present disclosure can be implemented with 6G wireless technology and applied to various 6G systems. For example, the 6G system can have key factors such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), artificial intelligence (AI) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0047] Network structure

[0048] Figure 1 illustrates a flexible network topology to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0049] To compensate for incomplete network coverage areas, a network topology that allows for more flexible and resilient split radio access networks (RANs) may be considered. For this purpose, various nodes, such as integrated access backhaul (IAB) nodes, relays, and radio frequency (RF) repeaters, as illustrated in Figure 1, may be applied, or a non-terrestrial network (NTN) may be integrated. For example, an IAB node may correspond to a node that provides wireless backhaul. For example, a relay may refer to any intermediate point, and in the case of a sidelink relay where a terminal functions as a relay, it may collectively refer to a terminal-to-network (U2N) relay and a terminal-to-terminal (U2U) relay. For example, an RF repeater may correspond to a node that simply performs the function of signal amplification and forwarding, or in the case of a network-controlled repeater, it may not only amplify and forward signals but also adjust its transmission and reception settings based on information provided by the network. For example, NTN nodes could be satellites or aircraft that provide NTN coverage that terrestrial networks struggle to provide. Beyond these examples, various intermediate points can be introduced to improve the network topology.

[0050] Referring to Figure 1, a split RAN can support the division of a base station into a centralized unit (CU) and one or more distributed units (DUs). The CU and DU can correspond to logical units. The CU can be further divided into a control plane (CP) portion and one or more user plane (UP) portions. Since a failure in the CU-CP affects not only the CU-UP but also the DUs, various intermediate points can be introduced to compensate for this.

[0051] An intermediate point may correspond to a terminal or a base station, depending on its relationship to other nodes. For example, an IAB node may include a mobile-termination (MT) portion and a unit (DU). The MT may connect the IAB node to a donor node. The unit (DU) of an IAB node may serve other terminals or connect to other IAB nodes to provide multi-hop wireless backhaul to the terminal. For example, an IAB node may correspond to a base station in its relationship to a user-side node, and to a terminal in its relationship to a network-side node.

[0052] In some examples of the present disclosure, the description of a terminal may equally apply not only to a user-side endpoint, but also to an intermediate point corresponding to a terminal in a relative relationship with a network-side endpoint. Similarly, in some examples of the present disclosure, the description of a base station may equally apply not only to a network-side endpoint, but also to an intermediate point corresponding to a base station in a relative relationship with a user-side endpoint. In most cases where there is no additional description of the operations of three or more entities, the communicating entities in the present disclosure are briefly described as terminals and / or base stations (or first nodes and / or second nodes), where the terms terminal and / or base stations (or first nodes and / or second nodes) are interpreted to include / replace any endpoint or any intermediate point in relation to other nodes.

[0053] As such, in some examples of the present disclosure, for the sake of simplicity of explanation, the subjects of the operation may be referred to as terminals and / or base stations (or first nodes and / or second nodes). In addition, the terms terminal and / or base station (or first node and / or second node) may also be interpreted / replaced as in the following examples: For example, the terminal (or first node) and the base station (or second node) may respectively correspond to the first endpoint and the second endpoint; may respectively correspond to the endpoint and the intermediate point; may respectively correspond to the intermediate point and the endpoint; or may respectively correspond to the first intermediate point and the second intermediate point.

[0054] In the present disclosure, there may be zero or more intermediate points between the base station and the terminal. If an intermediate point exists, it may correspond to an IAB node / relay / RF repeater / NTN node, or a node supporting other functions. The intermediate point may be a node with a fixed location or a node with an unfixed location.

[0055] Systems applicable to this disclosure

[0056] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a communication system to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0057] The communication system (100) applied to the present disclosure includes a wireless device (110), a network device (120), and a network (130). Here, the wireless device (110) refers to a device that performs communication using a wireless access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A pro, NR, 5G, 5G-A, 6G) and may be referred to as a communication / wireless / 5G / 6G device. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device (110) may include a robot (110a), a vehicle (110b-1, 110b-2), an XR (extended reality) device (110c), a hand-held device (110d), a home appliance (110e), an IoT (Internet of Things) device (110f), and an AI (artificial intelligence) device / server (110g). For example, the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with a wireless communication function, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing vehicle-to-vehicle communication, etc. Here, the vehicle (110b-1, 110b-2) may include an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone). The XR device (110c) includes an augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) / mixed reality (MR) device, and may be implemented in the form of a head-mounted device (HMD), a head-up display (HUD) equipped in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The portable device (110d) may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses), a computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.), etc. The home appliance (110e) may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, etc. The IoT device (110f) may include a sensor, a smart meter, etc. The wireless device (110) may correspond to a terminal (or first node) or an intermediate point.The network device (120) may correspond to a base station (or second node) or another intermediate point. For example, the network device (120) may also be implemented as a wireless device (110), and a specific wireless device (120a) may act as a network device (120) to another wireless device (110).

[0058] Wireless devices (110a to 110f) can be connected to a network (130) via a network device (120). AI technology can be applied to the wireless devices (110a to 110f), and the wireless devices (110a to 110f) can be connected to an AI server (110g) via a network (130). The network (130) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR), or a 6G network. The wireless devices (110a to 110f) can communicate with each other via the network device (120) / network (130), but can also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the network device (120) / network (130). For example, vehicles (110b-1, 110b-2) can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (vehicle to vehicle) / V2X (vehicle to everything) communication). Additionally, an IoT device (110f) (e.g., a sensor) can communicate directly with another IoT device (e.g., a sensor) or another wireless device (110a to 110f).

[0059] Wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can be established between wireless devices (110a to 110f) / network devices (120), network devices (120) / network devices (120). Here, the wireless communication / connection can be established through various wireless access technologies such as uplink / downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or D2D communication), and communication between network devices (150c) (e.g., relay, IAB (integrated access backhaul)). Through the wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c), the wireless device and the network device / wireless device, and the network device and the network device can transmit / receive wireless signals to each other. For example, the wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can transmit / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, based on various descriptions of the present disclosure, at least some of various configuration information setting processes for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), resource allocation processes, etc., may be performed.

[0060] Device applicable to the present disclosure

[0061] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a wireless device to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0062] Referring to FIG. 3, the wireless device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals via various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A pro, NR, 5G, 5G-A, 6G). The wireless device (200) includes at least one processor (202) and at least one memory (204), and may additionally include at least one transceiver (206) and / or at least one antenna (208).

[0063] The processor (202) controls the memory (204) and / or the transceiver (206), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (202) may process information in the memory (204) to generate first information / signal, and then transmit a wireless signal including the first information / signal via the transceiver (206). In addition, the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal including second information / signal via the transceiver (206), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory (204). The memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, the memory (204) may store software code including instructions for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202), or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. Here, the processor (202) and the memory (204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology. The transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via at least one antenna (208). The transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (206) may be used interchangeably with an RF (radio frequency) unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0064] Hereinafter, the hardware elements of the wireless device (200) will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, at least one protocol layer may be implemented by at least one processor (202). For example, at least one processor (202) may implement at least one layer (e.g., a functional layer such as physical (PHY), media access control (MAC), radio link control (RLC), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP), radio resource control (RRC), and service data adaptation protocol (SDAP)). At least one processor (202) may generate at least one Protocol Data Unit (PDU) and / or at least one Service Data Unit (SDU) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. At least one processor (202) may generate a message, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. At least one processor (202) can generate a signal (e.g., a baseband signal) comprising a PDU, an SDU, a message, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals and / or methods disclosed in this document, and provide the signal to at least one transceiver (206). At least one processor (202) can receive a signal (e.g., a baseband signal) from at least one transceiver (206) and obtain the PDU, SDU, message, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.

[0065] At least one processor (202) may be referred to as a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a microcomputer. The at least one processor (202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, at least one application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), at least one digital signal processor (DSP), at least one digital signal processing device (DSPD), at least one programmable logic device (PLD), or at least one field programmable gate array (FPGA) may be included in the at least one processor (202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be included in the at least one processor (202), or may be stored in at least one memory (204) and executed by the at least one processor (202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of code, instructions and / or sets of instructions.

[0066] At least one memory (204) can be connected to at least one processor (202) and can store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions and / or commands. The at least one memory (204) can be configured as a read only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM), a flash memory, a hard drive, a register, a cache memory, a computer readable storage medium and / or a combination thereof. The at least one memory (204) can be located internally and / or externally to the at least one processor (202). In addition, the at least one memory (204) can be connected to the at least one processor (202) via various technologies such as a wired or wireless connection.

[0067] At least one transceiver (206) can transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., mentioned in the methods and / or flowcharts of this document to at least one other device. At least one transceiver (206) can receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or flowcharts disclosed in this document from at least one other device. For example, at least one transceiver (206) can be connected to at least one processor (202) and can transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, at least one processor (202) can control at least one transceiver (206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to at least one other device. Furthermore, at least one processor (202) can control at least one transceiver (206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from at least one other device. Additionally, at least one transceiver (206) may be connected to at least one antenna (208), and at least one transceiver (206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document via at least one antenna (208). In this document, at least one antenna may be a plurality of physical antennas or a plurality of logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). At least one transceiver (206) may convert the received wireless signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. using at least one processor (202).At least one transceiver (206) may convert user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. processed by at least one processor (202) from a baseband signal to an RF band signal. For this purpose, at least one transceiver (206) may include an (analog) oscillator and / or filter.

[0068] The components of the wireless device described with reference to FIG. 3 may be referred to by different terms in terms of functionality. For example, the processor (202) may be referred to as a control unit, the transceiver (206) as a communication unit, and the memory (204) as a storage unit. In some cases, the communication unit may be used to mean at least a portion of the processor (202) and the transceiver (206).

[0069] The structure of the wireless device described with reference to FIG. 3 can be understood as the structure of at least a portion of various devices. For example, the structure of the wireless device illustrated in FIG. 3 can be at least a portion of various devices described with reference to FIG. 2 (e.g., a robot (110a), a vehicle (110b-1, 110b-2), an XR device (110c), a portable device (110d), a home appliance (110e), an IoT device (110f), an AI device / server (110g)). Furthermore, according to various embodiments, in addition to the components illustrated in FIG. 3, the device may further include other components.

[0070] For example, the device may be a portable device such as a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses), or a portable computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.). In this case, the device may further include at least one of a power supply unit that supplies power and includes a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc., an interface unit that includes at least one port for connection with another device (e.g., an audio input / output port, a video input / output port), and an input / output unit for inputting and outputting image information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information input from a user.

[0071] For example, the device may be a mobile device such as a mobile robot, a vehicle, a train, an aerial vehicle (AV), a ship, etc. In this case, the device may further include at least one of a driving unit including at least one of an engine, a motor, a power train, wheels, brakes, and a steering unit of the device, a power supply unit including a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. that supplies power, a sensor unit that senses status information, environmental information, and user information of the device or its surroundings, an autonomous driving unit that performs functions such as path maintenance, speed control, and destination setting, and a position measurement unit that obtains location information of the mobile device through a global positioning system (GPS) and various sensors.

[0072] For example, the device may be an XR device such as an HMD, a head-up display (HUD) installed in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. In this case, the device may further include at least one of a power supply unit that supplies power and includes a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc., an input / output unit that obtains control information, data, etc. from the outside and outputs the generated XR object, and a sensor unit that senses status information, environmental information, and user information of the device or the surroundings of the device.

[0073] For example, the device may be a robot that can be classified into industrial, medical, household, military, etc. types depending on the purpose or field of use. In this case, the device may further include at least one of a sensor unit that senses status information, environmental information, and user information of the device or its surroundings, and a driving unit that performs various physical actions, such as moving the robot joints.

[0074] For example, the device may be an AI device such as a TV, a projector, a smartphone, a PC, a laptop, a digital broadcasting terminal, a tablet PC, a wearable device, a set-top box (STB), a radio, a washing machine, a refrigerator, digital signage, a robot, a vehicle, etc. In this case, the device may further include at least one of an input unit that acquires various types of data from the outside, an output unit that generates output related to sight, hearing, or touch, a sensor unit that senses status information, environmental information, and user information of the device or its surroundings, and a training unit that trains a model composed of an artificial neural network using learning data.

[0075] The structure of the wireless device illustrated in FIG. 3 may be understood as a part of a terminal (or first node), or as a part of an intermediate point, or as a part of a base station (or second node). If the device illustrated in FIG. 3 is a base station (or second node), the device may further include a wired transceiver for front haul and / or back haul communications. If the front haul and / or back haul communications are based on wireless communications, at least one transceiver (206) illustrated in FIG. 3 may be used for front haul and / or backhaul communications, and a wired transceiver may not be included.

[0076] Communication procedures

[0077] FIG. 4 exemplarily illustrates a communication procedure between a first node and a second node to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0078] FIG. 4 illustrates operations of a first node (110) (e.g., a terminal) and a second node (120) (e.g., a base station) transmitting and / or receiving data and operations performed prior thereto.

[0079] In step S101, the first node (110) and the second node (120) can perform synchronization. For example, the terminal (110) performs an initial cell search operation. Specifically, the terminal (110) can detect at least one synchronization signal transmitted from the base station (120) according to a predefined rule. Here, the synchronization signal can include a plurality of synchronization signals (e.g., a primary synchronization signal, a secondary synchronization signal) classified according to a structure or purpose. Through this, the terminal (110) can confirm the boundaries of the frame, subframe, slot, and / or symbol of the base station (120) and obtain information (e.g., a cell identifier) ​​about the base station (120).

[0080] In step S103, the first node (110) can obtain system information transmitted from the second node (120). For example, the system information is information related to the properties, characteristics, and / or capabilities of the base station (120) required to access the base station (120) and use the service, and can be classified according to the content (e.g., whether it is essential for access), transmission structure (e.g., channel used, whether it is provided in an on-demand manner), etc., and can be classified into, for example, a master information block (MIB) and a system information block (SIB). If necessary, the terminal (110) can transmit a signal requesting system information before receiving the system information. Such requesting and providing of system information may be performed after a random access procedure described below.

[0081] In step S105, the first node (110) and the second node (120) can perform a random access procedure. For example, the terminal (110) can transmit and / or receive at least one message (e.g., a random access preamble, a random access response (RAR) message, etc.) for a random access procedure based on information related to a random access channel of the base station (120) obtained through system information (e.g., channel position, channel structure, structure of a supported preamble, etc.). For example, the terminal (110) may transmit a preamble (e.g., message 1 (MSG1)) over a random access channel, receive a random access response (RAR) message (e.g., message 2 (MSG2)), transmit a message (e.g., message 3 (MSG3)) including information related to the terminal (110) (e.g., identification information) using scheduling information included in the RAR message to the base station (120), and receive a message for contention resolution and / or connection establishment (e.g., message 4 (MSG4)). As another example, MSG1 and MSG3 may be transmitted and received as one message (e.g., message A (MSG A)), or MSG2 and MSG4 may be transmitted and received as one message (e.g., message B (MSG B)).

[0082] In step S107, the first node (110) and the second node (120) can perform signaling of control information. For example, the control information can be defined in various layers, such as a layer that controls a connection (e.g., a radio resource control (RRC) layer), a layer that handles mapping between logical channels and transmission channels (e.g., a media access control (MAC) layer), and a layer that handles physical channels (e.g., a physical (PHY) layer). For example, the terminal (110) and the base station (120) can perform at least one of signaling for establishing a connection, signaling for determining settings related to communication, and signaling for indicating allocated resources.

[0083] In step S109, the first node (110) and the second node (120) can transmit and / or receive data. For example, the terminal (110) and the base station (120) can process, transmit, and / or receive data based on signaling of control information. For example, when transmitting data, the terminal (110) or the base station (120) can perform at least one of channel encoding, rate matching, scrambling, constellation mapping, layer mapping, waveform modulation, antenna mapping, and resource mapping on information bits. For example, when receiving data, the terminal (110) or the base station (120) can perform at least one of signal extraction from resources, waveform demodulation for each antenna, signal arrangement considering layer mapping, constellation demapping, descrambling, and channel decoding.

[0084] 6G system core technologies

[0085] As core implementation technologies of the 6G system, technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), THz (terahertz) communication, optical wireless technology, free space optics (FSO) backhaul network, massive MIMO (multiple input multiple output) technology, blockchain, 3D networking, quantum communication, unmanned aerial vehicles, cell-free communication, wireless information and energy transfer (WIET), integration of sensing and communication, integration of access backhaul networks, holographic beamforming, big data analysis, and large intelligent surface (LIS) can be adopted.

[0086] artificial intelligence

[0087] Incorporating AI into communications can streamline and improve real-time data transmission. AI can use numerous analytics to determine how complex target tasks should be performed. AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing delays. Time-consuming tasks such as handovers, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI. AI can also play a crucial role in machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communications. Furthermore, AI can facilitate rapid communication in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0088] FIG. 5 illustrates a functional framework for AI operations to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0089] Below, to explain AI (or AI / ML (machine learning)) in more detail, the terms can be defined as follows.

[0090] - Data collection: Data collected from network nodes, management entities, or terminals as a basis for AI model training, data analysis, and inference.

[0091] - AI model: A data-driven algorithm that applies AI technology to generate a set of outputs containing predictive information and / or decision parameters based on a set of inputs.

[0092] - AI / ML training: An online or offline process of training an AI model by learning features and patterns that best represent the data and obtain a trained AI / ML model for inference.

[0093] - AI / ML inference: The process of making predictions or inducing decisions based on collected data and the AI ​​model using a trained AI model.

[0094] Referring to FIG. 5, the data collection function (10) is a function that collects input data and provides processed input data to the model training function (20) and the model inference function (30).

[0095] Examples of input data may include measurements from terminals or other network entities, feedback from actors, and output from AI models.

[0096] The data collection function (10) performs data preparation based on input data and provides input data processed through the data preparation. Here, the data collection function (10) does not perform data preparation specific to each AI algorithm (e.g., data pre-processing and cleaning, formatting, and transformation), but can perform data preparation common to all AI algorithms.

[0097] After the data preparation process is performed, the data collection function (10) may provide training data (11) to the model training function (20) and may provide inference data (12) to the model inference function (30). Here, the training data (11) may correspond to data required as input for the AI ​​model training function (20), and the inference data (12) may correspond to data required as input for the AI ​​model inference function (30).

[0098] The data collection function (10) may be performed by a single entity (e.g., a terminal, a RAN node, a network node, etc.), but may also be performed by multiple entities. In this case, training data (11) and inference data (12) may be provided to the model training function (20) and model inference function (30), respectively, from multiple entities.

[0099] The model training function (20) may correspond to a function that performs AI model training, validation, and testing, which can generate model performance metrics as part of the AI ​​model testing procedure. If necessary, the model training function (20) may also be responsible for data preparation (e.g., data pre-processing and cleaning, formatting, and transformation, etc.) based on training data (11) provided by the data collection function (10).

[0100] Here, model deployment / update (13) can be used to initially deploy a trained, validated and tested AI model to the model inference function (30) or to provide an updated model to the model inference function (30).

[0101] The model inference function (30) may correspond to a function that provides AI model inference output (16) (e.g., prediction or decision). If applicable, the model inference function (30) may provide model performance feedback (14) to the model training function (20). In addition, the model inference function (30) may also be responsible for data preparation (e.g., data pre-processing and cleaning, formatting and transformation, etc.) based on inference data (12) provided by the data collection function (10), if necessary.

[0102] Here, output (16) refers to the inference output of the AI ​​model generated by the model inference function (30), and the details of the inference output may vary depending on the use case.

[0103] Model performance feedback (14) can be used to monitor the performance of the AI ​​model, if available, and this feedback may be omitted.

[0104] An actor function (40) is a function that receives an output (16) from a model inference function (30) and triggers or performs a corresponding task / action. The actor function (40) can trigger tasks / actions for other entities (e.g., one or more terminals, one or more RAN nodes, one or more network nodes, etc.) or for itself.

[0105] Feedback (15) can be used to derive training data (11), inference data (12), or to monitor the performance of the AI ​​model, its impact on the network, etc.

[0106] Meanwhile, the definitions of training / validation / test in data sets used in AI / ML can be distinguished as follows.

[0107] - Training data: refers to a data set for learning a model.

[0108] - Validation data: This refers to a dataset used to validate a model that has already completed training. Validation data can typically be used to prevent overfitting of the training data set. It can also be used to select the best model among the various models learned during the training process. Therefore, validation can be considered a type of learning.

[0109] - Test data: This refers to the data set for final evaluation. This data is unrelated to learning.

[0110] For example, the training and validation data can be divided into an 8:2 or 7:3 ratio within the entire data set. Alternatively, the training data:validation data:test data can be divided into a 6:2:2 ratio within the entire data set.

[0111] The level of cooperation can be defined as follows depending on whether the base station and the terminal have capabilities for AI / ML functions, and variations due to combination of multiple levels or separation of any one level are also possible.

[0112] Category 0a: This category corresponds to a no-collaboration framework. In this case, AI / ML algorithms are purely implementation-based and may not require any changes to the wireless interface.

[0113] Category 0b: Frameworks that involve a wireless interface modified to fit efficient implementation-based AI / ML algorithms, but without collaboration.

[0114] Category 1: This category applies to cases where inter-node support is required to improve the AI / ML algorithms of each node. For example, this applies when a terminal receives support from a base station (for training, adaptation, etc.), and vice versa. At this level, model exchange between network nodes is not required.

[0115] Category 2: This applies to cases where joint ML tasks can be performed between terminals and base stations. This level requires exchange of AI / ML model commands or network nodes.

[0116] The functions exemplified in FIG. 5 above may be implemented in a RAN node (e.g., a base station, a TRP, a CU of a base station, etc.), a network node, an OAM (operation administration maintenance) of a network operator, or a terminal.

[0117] Alternatively, two or more entities, such as a RAN, a network node, a network operator's OAM, or a terminal, may cooperate to implement the functions illustrated in FIG. 5. For example, one entity may perform some of the functions of FIG. 5, and another entity may perform the remaining functions. In this way, since some of the functions illustrated in FIG. 5 are performed by a single entity (e.g., a terminal, a RAN node, a network node, etc.), the transmission / provision of data / information between each function may be omitted. For example, if the model training function (20) and the model inference function (30) are performed by the same entity, the transmission / provision of model deployment / update (13) and model performance feedback (14) may be omitted.

[0118] Alternatively, any one of the functions illustrated in FIG. 5 may be performed collaboratively by two or more entities, including a RAN, a network node, a network operator's OAM, or a terminal. This may be referred to as a split AI operation.

[0119] FIG. 6 illustrates an example of operations related to AI model training and AI model inference to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0120] For example, the AI ​​model training function may be performed by a network node (e.g., a core network node, an OAM of a network operator, etc.), and the AI ​​model inference function may be performed by a RAN node (e.g., a base station, a TRP, a CU of a base station, etc.).

[0121] Step 1: RAN node 1 and RAN node 2 can transmit input data (e.g., training data) for AI model training to the network node. Here, RAN node 1 and RAN node 2 can also transmit data collected from the terminal (e.g., terminal measurements related to RSRP (reference signal received power), RSRQ (reference signal received quality), SINR (signal to interference-plus-noise ratio) of the serving cell and neighboring cells, terminal location, speed, etc.) to the network node.

[0122] Step 2: Network nodes can train AI models using the received training data.

[0123] Step 3: The network node may distribute / update the AI ​​model to RAN node 1 and / or RAN node 2. RAN node 1 (and / or RAN node 2) may also continue model training based on the received AI model.

[0124] For convenience of explanation, we assume that the AI ​​model is deployed / updated only to RAN node 1.

[0125] Step 4: RAN node 1 can receive input data (e.g., inference data) for AI model inference from the terminal and RAN node 2.

[0126] Step 5: RAN node 1 can perform AI model inference using the received inference data to generate output data (e.g., prediction or decision).

[0127] Step 6: If applicable, RAN node 1 may send model performance feedback to the network nodes.

[0128] Step 7: RAN node 1, RAN node 2, and the terminal (or 'RAN node 1 and the terminal', or 'RAN node 1 and RAN node 2') may perform actions based on the output data. For example, in the case of a load balancing operation, the terminal may move from RAN node 1 to RAN node 2.

[0129] Step 8: RAN node 1 and RAN node 2 can transmit feedback information to the network nodes.

[0130] FIG. 7 illustrates another example of operations related to AI model training and AI model inference to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0131] For example, both AI model training functions and AI model inference functions can be performed by RAN nodes (e.g., base stations, TRPs, CUs of base stations, etc.).

[0132] Step 1: The terminal and RAN node 2 can transmit input data (e.g., training data) for AI model training to RAN node 1.

[0133] Step 2: RAN node 1 can train an AI model using the received training data.

[0134] Step 3: RAN node 1 can receive input data (e.g., inference data) for AI model inference from the terminal and RAN node 2.

[0135] Step 4: RAN node 1 can perform AI model inference using the received inference data to generate output data (e.g., prediction or decision).

[0136] Step 5: RAN node 1, RAN node 2, and the terminal (or 'RAN node 1 and the terminal', or 'RAN node 1 and RAN node 2') may perform actions based on the output data. For example, in the case of a load balancing operation, the terminal may move from RAN node 1 to RAN node 2.

[0137] Step 6: RAN node 2 may transmit feedback information to RAN node 1.

[0138] FIG. 8 illustrates another example of operations related to AI model training and AI model inference to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0139] For example, the AI ​​model training function may be performed by a RAN node (e.g., a base station, a TRP, a CU of a base station, etc.), and the AI ​​model inference function may be performed by a terminal.

[0140] Step 1: The terminal may transmit input data (e.g., training data) for AI model training to the RAN node. Here, the RAN node may collect data (e.g., terminal measurements related to RSRP, RSRQ, SINR of the serving cell and neighboring cells, terminal location, speed, etc.) from various terminals and / or from other RAN nodes.

[0141] Step 2: RAN nodes can train AI models using the received training data.

[0142] Step 3: The RAN node can distribute / update the AI ​​model to the terminal. The terminal can also continue model training based on the received AI model.

[0143] Step 4: Input data (e.g., inference data) for AI model inference can be received from the terminal and RAN node (and / or from another terminal).

[0144] Step 5: The terminal can perform AI model inference using the received inference data to generate output data (e.g., prediction or decision).

[0145] Step 6: If applicable, the terminal may send model performance feedback to the RAN node.

[0146] Step 7: The terminal and RAN node can perform actions based on the output data.

[0147] Step 8: The terminal may transmit feedback information to the RAN node.

[0148] THz communication (terahertz communication)

[0149] Data transmission rates can be increased by increasing bandwidth. This can be achieved by utilizing sub-THz communications with wide bandwidths and applying advanced massive MIMO technology. THz waves, also known as sub-millimeter waves, typically refer to the frequency range between 0.1 THz and 10 THz, with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 0.03 mm to 3 mm. The 100 GHz to 300 GHz band (the sub-THz band) is considered a key part of the THz spectrum for cellular communications. Adding the sub-THz band to the mmWave band will increase 6G cellular capacity. Among the defined THz bands, 300 GHz to 3 THz lies in the far infrared (IR) frequency band. While part of the optical band, the 300 GHz to 3 THz band lies at the boundary of the optical band, immediately following the RF band. Therefore, this 300 GHz to 3 THz band exhibits similarities to RF.

[0150] FIG. 9 illustrates an electromagnetic spectrum to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0151] Key characteristics of THz communications include (i) the widely available bandwidth to support very high data rates, and (ii) the high path loss at high frequencies (which necessitates highly directional antennas). The narrow beamwidths generated by highly directional antennas reduce interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows for a significantly larger number of antenna elements to be integrated into devices and base stations operating in this band. This enables the use of advanced adaptive array technologies to overcome range limitations.

[0152] Transmitting system information (e.g., MIB) in a cell in the THz frequency band can be inefficient because the beam width in high-frequency bands narrows, requiring more beam sweeps to cover the entire cell area. This method is particularly inefficient when there are only a few users within the cell.

[0153] FIG. 10 illustrates an example of a system information transmission / reception procedure to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0154] The example of Fig. 10 is applicable not only to THz communication environments but also to 6G communication environments where THz communication is not applicable. Furthermore, the procedure illustrated in Fig. 10 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure described below. For example, the embodiments described below can be performed based on system information acquired through the procedure illustrated in Fig. 10.

[0155] In step S1010, the second node (120) (e.g., base station) can transmit system information of cell #1 via cell #2. For example, the base station provides at least two cells, cell #1 uses a THz frequency band, and cell #2 uses a frequency band other than the THz frequency band. Here, the system information may include at least one of an SFN (system frame number), a PDCCH configuration for SIB1, cell barring, cell re-selection, and subcarrier spacing generated in a higher layer, and may include at least one of an SFN, a half frame indicator, and an SSB index (synchronization signal / PBCH (physical broadcast channel) block index) generated in a physical layer. For this purpose, as an example, cell #1 and cell #2 may have a relationship of a secondary cell and a primary cell.

[0156] At step S1030, the first node (110) (e.g., terminal) can acquire synchronization for cell #1. Synchronization can be acquired by detecting a synchronization signal. Typically, synchronization is acquired before receiving system information, but since the system information for cell #1 is received from cell #2, synchronization acquisition for cell #1 can be performed after receiving the system information. For example, the terminal can acquire synchronization based on the system information. Alternatively, synchronization acquisition can be performed before step S1010.

[0157] At step S1050, the first node (110) may transmit a signal for accessing cell #1. For example, the signal may include a random access preamble. The structure of this signal and the resources (e.g., channels) for transmitting the signal may be identified through system information. Thereafter, at step S1070, the first node (110) and the second node (120) may perform an access procedure for cell #1 and communicate.

[0158] The procedure described with reference to FIG. 10 may be performed when the first node (110) initially connects to cell #1 of the second node (120). Alternatively, a similar procedure may be performed when the first node (110) hands over to cell #1 of the second node (120). However, in the case of handover, the system information of cell #1 may be received from a cell of a base station other than cell #2 of the second node (120).

[0159] Communications in the THz band are expected to experience extremely severe path loss, and to overcome this, terminals and base stations may be required to use very sharp beams. The use of sharp beams means that terminals and base stations must perform beam control in addition to beamforming, and the number of beams used increases significantly. Consequently, it takes a very long time to align the transmit and receive beams between the base station and terminals. Furthermore, if the beam alignment between the base station and terminals is misaligned due to movement or movement of the terminals, frequent re-alignment of the beams may be required, resulting in link instability.

[0160] FIG. 11 exemplarily illustrates a beam management procedure to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0161] Although FIG. 11 illustrates an example of a procedure for searching and / or selecting beams for THz communication, this procedure is not limited to a THz environment and can also be applied to a 6G communication environment where THz communication is not applied.

[0162] Here, beam may be interpreted as other terms having equivalent technical meanings that can distinguish beams, such as 'spatial domain filter', 'spatial domain transmit filter', 'spatial domain receive filter', reference signal (RS) resource that distinguishes beams, SSB index, etc.

[0163] In step S1110, the second node (120) (e.g., a base station) may set resources for beam management to the first node (110) (e.g., a terminal). Here, the resources may include at least one of time-frequency resources, channels, and spatial resources (e.g., antenna ports). For example, the base station may utilize a beam search signal (BSS) that is transmitted spatially separated from an existing downlink signal / channel for beam search. Here, the BSS may be transmitted based on a dedicated port for beam search. The dedicated port may be a different port from a port for transmitting an existing downlink signal / channel (e.g., SSB, PDSCH (physical downlink shared channel), etc.). BSS is a term defined for convenience of explanation, and the technical concept according to the present embodiment is not limited to the term BSS itself. For example, a signal transmitted based on a dedicated port defined / set for beam search may be included in the technical concept according to the present embodiment.

[0164] In step S1130, the second node (120) (e.g., base station) transmits measurement signals using a plurality of transmission beams. For example, the measurement signals may include at least one of a reference signal and a synchronization signal. At this time, the measurement signals may be transmitted as many times as the number of beams that require measurement, and may also be transmitted in a multi-beam transmission method that forms a plurality of beams simultaneously to reduce sweeping time. Here, the multi-beam transmission may be performed based on at least one of a multi-panel, a sub-array, and a true time delay (TTD).

[0165] In step S1050, a first node (110) (e.g., a terminal) may transmit a feedback signal to a second node (120) (e.g., a base station). The feedback signal may indicate at least one beam selected by the terminal. The terminal may select at least one preferred beam based on the measurement signals received in step S1030.

[0166] In step S1070, the first node (110) and the second node (120) can perform communication. For example, the second node (120) can perform transmission to the first node (110) using the reception beam of the first node (110) selected in step S1050. If channel reciprocity is established, the transmission beam of the first node (110) can also be determined through steps S1030 and S1050, so that the transmission operation from the first node (110) can also be performed using a beam that has a reciprocal relationship with the beam selected in step S1050. If channel reciprocity is not established, a procedure including transmission of measurement signal(s) by the first node (110) and transmission of feedback signal(s) by the second node (120) may be performed first to determine the transmission beam of the first node (110).

[0167] non-terrestrial networks (NTN)

[0168] Figures 12 and 13 illustrate examples of NTN scenarios to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0169] NTN can represent a network or network segment that uses radio frequency (RF) resources mounted on a satellite (or unmanned aerial system (UAS) platform).

[0170] Figure 12 shows an example of a typical scenario of NTN based on transparent payload, and Figure 13 shows an example of a typical scenario of NTN based on regenerative payload.

[0171] Referring to Figure 12, a satellite (or UAS platform) can establish a service link with a terminal. The satellite (or UAS platform) can be connected to a gateway via a feeder link. The satellite can be connected to a data network via the gateway. The beam footprint can refer to the area where the signal transmitted by the satellite can be received.

[0172] Referring to Figure 13, a satellite (or UAS platform) can establish a service link with a terminal. A satellite (or UAS platform) connected to a terminal can be connected to another satellite (or UAS platform) via an inter-satellite link (ISL). The other satellite (or UAS platform) can be connected to a gateway via a feeder link. Based on the regenerated payload, the satellite can be connected to a data network through another satellite and the gateway. If an ISL does not exist between the satellite and another satellite, a feeder link between the satellite and the gateway may be required.

[0173] Figures 12 and 13 are only examples of NTN scenarios, and NTN can be implemented based on various scenarios. For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) can implement a transparent or regenerative (e.g., with onboard processing) payload. For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) can generate multiple beams across a designated service area depending on the field of view of the satellite (or UAS platform). For example, the field of view of the satellite (or UAS platform) can vary depending on the onboard antenna diagram and the minimum elevation angle.

[0174] For example, a transparent payload may include radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion, and amplification. Therefore, the waveform signal repeated by the payload may remain unchanged.

[0175] For example, a regenerative payload may include radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion and amplification, demodulation / decoding, switching and / or routing, and coding / modulation. For example, a regenerative payload may be substantially equivalent to mounting all or part of a base station function on a satellite (or UAS platform).

[0176] Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC)

[0177] Wireless sensing is a technology that uses radio frequencies to determine the instantaneous linear velocity, angle, distance (or range) of an object, and thus obtain information about the characteristics of the environment and / or objects within the environment. Because radio frequency sensing does not require a networked device to connect to the object, it can provide a service for object positioning without a device. The ability to obtain range, velocity, and angle information from radio frequency signals can enable a wide range of new capabilities, such as various object detection, object recognition (e.g., vehicles, humans, animals, UAVs), and high-precision localization, tracking, and activity recognition. Wireless sensing services can provide information to a variety of industries (e.g., drones, smart homes, V2X, factories, railways, public safety, etc.), enabling applications such as intruder detection, assisted vehicle steering and navigation, trajectory tracking, collision avoidance, traffic management, and health and traffic management. In some cases, wireless sensing can utilize non-3GPP type sensors (e.g., radar, cameras) to further support 3GPP-based sensing. For example, the operation of wireless sensing services, such as sensing operations, may depend on the transmission, reflection, and scattering of wireless sensing signals. Therefore, wireless sensing offers an opportunity to enhance existing communication systems from a communications network to a wireless communication and sensing network.

[0178] FIG. 14 illustrates examples of sensing operations to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0179] Specifically, Fig. 14(a) shows an example of a monostatic sensing operation using a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter located in the same location. Fig. 14(b) shows an example of a bistatic sensing operation using a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter located in separate locations. A sensing signal transmitted from a sensing transmitter is reflected / scattered by a sensing object, and the sensing receiver can receive the signal, and extract / obtain sensing data based on the received signal. A sensing result can be generated / determined through appropriate processing of the sensing data. The sensing result can be provided to a trusted third-party entity / service outside the 3GPP system through an entity / service within the 3GPP system.

[0180] How to set parameters for a common uplink control channel resource set

[0181] A terminal may transmit an uplink control channel (e.g., a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH)) to a base station. In describing the present disclosure, the uplink control channel transmitted by a terminal to a base station is referred to as a PUCCH, but is not limited thereto and may be expressed differently.

[0182] PUCCH may include uplink control information (UCI) transmitted from the UE to the base station. UCI may include hybrid automatic repeat request-acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK) information, channel state information (CSI), and / or scheduling request (SR).

[0183] Here, HARQ-ACK information may include information indicating whether the terminal has normally received downlink data. CSI may include information on the quality of the wireless channel measured by the terminal. SR may include information indicating that the terminal requires resource allocation for uplink data transmission.

[0184] A terminal may receive configuration information related to a PUCCH resource set (e.g., "pucch-ResourceCommon") before receiving configuration information related to dedicated PUCCH resources (e.g., a dedicated PUCCH resource set, etc.). In describing the present disclosure, PUCCH resources used by a terminal before receiving configuration information related to dedicated PUCCH resources are referred to as common PUCCH resources or initial PUCCH resources.

[0185] That is, before receiving configuration information related to dedicated PUCCH resources, the terminal can identify initial / common PUCCH resources based on configuration information related to an initial / common PUCCH resource set, and perform PUCCH transmission based on the identified initial / common PUCCH resources.

[0186] The parameter(s) that constitute the initial PUCCH resource set in a basic wireless communication system can be defined as shown in Table 1.

[0187] Index PUCCH Format First Symbol Number of Symbols PRB Offset Set of Initial CS Indexes 001220{0, 3}101220{0, 4, 8}201223{0, 4, 8}311040{0, 6}411040{0, 3, 6, 9}511042{0, 3, 6, 9}611044{0, 3, 6, 9}714100{0, 6}814100{0, 3, 6, 9}914102{0, 3, 6, 9}1014104{0, 3, 6, 9}1110140{0, 6}1210140{0, 3, 6, 9}1310142{0, 3, 6, 9}1410144{0, 3, 6, 9}151014 {0, 3, 6, 9}

[0188] The base station can cell-specifically configure / indicate one of indices 0 to 15 in Table 1 to the UE through configuration information related to the initial PUCCH resource set included in the SIB (e.g., "pucch-ResourceCommon"). That is, the UE can configure / indicate a parameter corresponding to the configuration information related to the initial PUCCH resource set (e.g., a parameter corresponding to an index configured / indicated through "pucch-ResourceCommon"). Here, the parameter corresponding to the configuration information related to the PUCCH resource set may include a PUCCH format, the number of symbols, the index of the first symbol (or the start symbol), a physical resource block (PRB) offset, an initial CS (cyclic shift) index set, etc.

[0189] In Table 1, the PUCCH resource sets defined for each index are divided into 16 different PUCCH resources (e.g., r) using predefined parameters. PUCCH = 0, 1, 2, ..., 15) can be configured / determined. Table 2 illustrates parameters of parameter values ​​for different PUCCH resources when the base station sets / indicates index 0, 1, or 4 through SIB.

[0190] PUCCH resource set index 014r PUCCH PRICCE-based implicit bit-hopping direction on DCI Terminal-specific PRB offset Initial CS index Terminal-specific PRB offset Initial CS index Terminal-specific PRB offset Initial CS index 00000000000011343200101086313109401002041051383601103020671349810001000000913431010108611131091211002041013138314111030206151349

[0191] r in Table 2 PUCCH represents an index of each of the 16 PUCCH resources, and the PRI (PUCCH resource indicator) on the DCI may be information for indicating PUCCH resources to be used for UCI transmission. The start CCE index may be used to implicitly determine PUCCH resources based on the PDCCH physical resource location. For example, if the hopping direction value is set to 0 (or 1), this may mean a direction from a low edge (or frequency location) to a high edge (or high frequency location). If the hopping direction value is set to 1 (or 0), this may mean a direction from a high edge (or frequency location) to a low edge (or high frequency location).

[0192] As described above, when a base station sets a specific (cell-specific) PUCCH resource set index for a terminal through configuration information related to an initial PUCCH resource set, the same initial PUCCH resources (or parameters related to the initial PUCCH resources) can always be applied / defined to all terminals in the cell until the configuration information is changed through another SIB.

[0193] Additionally, since values ​​and / or parameters for a specific PUCCH resource set index are predefined, if the same PUCCH resource set index is selected / configured in different cells, initial PUCCH resources based on the same time / frequency resources in both cells may be used by terminals. Accordingly, collision issues related to PUCCH resources between adjacent cells may arise.

[0194] Hereinafter, a method for flexibly setting the number of PUCCH resources for each initial PUCCH resource set index and a method for expanding the number of indexes in the initial PUCCH resource set table will be described. In describing the present disclosure, the initial PUCCH resource (set) collectively refers to the PUCCH resource (set) used by a terminal before receiving dedicated PUCCH resource configuration information, and may also be expressed as a common PUCCH resource (set).

[0195] FIG. 15 is a flowchart illustrating a method for a terminal to transmit an uplink control channel according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0196] The terminal can receive first information related to an index for a first PUCCH resource set from the base station (S1510).

[0197] Here, the first information may be transmitted from the base station to the terminal via upper layer signaling, and the upper layer signaling may include at least one of a system information block (SIB) or a radio resource control (RRC) message.

[0198] For example, parameters (e.g., Table 1) may be defined for each PUCCH resource set (e.g., each PUCCH resource set index), and the terminal may receive an index for a first PUCCH resource set among multiple PUCCH resource set indices from the base station through upper layer signaling. Here, the first information may include an index for the first PUCCH resource set, a type of parameter corresponding to the index for the first PUCCH resource set, etc.

[0199] The terminal can receive second information including the number of multiple PUCCH resources related to the first PUCCH resource set from the base station (S1520).

[0200] Specifically, multiple PUCCH resources may be configured based on the first PUCCH resource set. For example, multiple PUCCH resources may be configured / defined through a parameter set corresponding to the first PUCCH resource set, and the terminal may receive second information including the number of multiple PUCCH resources from the base station.

[0201] Here, the second information may be transmitted from the base station to the terminal via downlink control information (DCI) included in physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) related to random access or DCI included in paging-related PDCCH.

[0202] However, this is merely an example, and the second information may be transmitted from the base station to the terminal via the same upper layer signaling as the first information. As another example, the first information and the second information may each be transmitted from the base station to the terminal via separate upper layer signaling.

[0203] For example, the second information may include at least one of the number of multiple PUCCH resources included in the first PUCCH resource set, the type of parameter set for each of the multiple PUCCH resources, and the index of each of the multiple PUCCH resources.

[0204] As an example of the present disclosure, it is assumed that the number (k) of multiple PUCCH resources is greater than or equal to a predefined value (n). The number (n) of PUCCH resources set between a terminal and a base station through a PUCCH resource set index may be predefined. Here, each of n and k may be a natural number greater than or equal to 1. As an example, the index of each of at least one first PUCCH resource may be one from 0 to n-1, and the index of each of at least one second PUCCH resource may be one from n to k-1.

[0205] For example, each of at least one first PUCCH resource among the plurality of PUCCH resources may be based on a first parameter set, and each of at least one second PUCCH resource among the plurality of PUCCH resources may be based on a second parameter set.

[0206] For example, the first parameter set may include a starting orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol index, an orthogonal cover code (OCC) index, and a starting physical resource block (PRB) offset for each index of at least one first PUCCH resource, and the second parameter set may include a starting OFDM symbol index, an OCC index, and a starting PRB offset for each index of at least one second PUCCH resource.

[0207] Additionally, the first parameter set may be predefined. For example, as disclosed in Table 2, the index value of each of at least one first PUCCH resources may be predefined, and a parameter set for each index may also be predefined. The terminal may receive third information related to the second parameter set from the base station.

[0208] For example, the third information may be transmitted from the base station to the terminal via higher layer signaling and / or dynamic instructions. The third information may be transmitted to the terminal via the same higher layer signaling and / or dynamic instructions as the first information and / or the second information, but may also be transmitted to the terminal via separate higher layer signaling and / or dynamic instructions.

[0209] For example, the third information may include at least one type of parameter among a start OFDM symbol index, an OCC index, or a start PRB offset for each index of at least one second PUCCH resource. In addition, the remaining parameters except for at least one type of parameter among a start OFDM symbol index, an OCC index, or a start PRB offset for each index of at least one second PUCCH resource may be based on the first parameter set.

[0210] That is, among the parameters for each index of at least one second PUCCH resource, at least one type of parameter may be newly set by the base station. Furthermore, the remaining types of parameters (e.g., parameters corresponding to the index of at least one second PUCCH resource) excluding the newly set at least one type of parameter may be based on a predefined first parameter set.

[0211] For example, assume that the third information includes a starting OFDM symbol index for each index of at least one second PUCCH resource. The OCC index or / and the starting PRB offset for each index of at least one second PUCCH resource may correspond to the OCC index or / and the starting PRB offset for each index of at least one first PUCCH resource. For example, the OCC index or / and the starting offset of a PUCCH resource having an index value of 0 among at least one first PUCCH resource may correspond to the OCC index or / and the starting offset of a PUCCH resource having an index value of n among at least one second PUCCH resource.

[0212] Although the above-described example assumes that at least one type of parameter among the index-specific parameters of each of at least one second PUCCH resource is set by the third information, this is not a limitation. At least one type of parameter among the index-specific parameters of each of at least one second PUCCH resource may be newly defined.

[0213] Additionally or alternatively, a first frequency hopping order may be applied to each of at least one first PUCCH resource, and a second frequency hopping order may be applied to each of at least one second PUCCH resource.

[0214] Here, the first frequency hopping order may refer to an order of hopping from a first frequency edge value (or a first frequency boundary value) to a second frequency edge value (or a second frequency boundary value) higher than the first frequency edge value. And, the second frequency hopping order may refer to an order of hopping from a third frequency edge value to a fourth frequency edge value lower than the third frequency edge value.

[0215] As another example of the present disclosure, it is assumed that the number (k) of a plurality of PUCCH resources is less than the predefined value (n). In this case, a parameter set for each of the plurality of PUCCH resources may be predefined. For example, a predefined parameter set may be mapped to each of the plurality of PUCCH resources as disclosed in Table 2. A first frequency hopping order may be applied to at least one third PUCCH resource among the plurality of PUCCH resources, and a second frequency hopping order may be applied to each of at least one second PUCCH resource. In this case, the number of each of the third PUCCH resource and the fourth PUCCH resource may be k / 2, but is not limited thereto.

[0216] The terminal can transmit the first PUCCH to the base station based on the first information and the second information (S1530).

[0217] For example, a terminal may receive a DCI from a base station, and the DCI may include a PUCCH resource indicator (PRI) field. Based on the PRI field and / or control channel element (CCE) information (e.g., a CCE index), a specific PUCCH resource among a plurality of PUCCH resources may be indicated. The terminal may transmit a first PUCCH to the base station based on the specific PUCCH resource.

[0218] Additionally, based on the fourth information related to a dedicated PUCCH resource set being received from the base station, the terminal may transmit a second PUCCH to the base station based on information related to a second PUCCH resource set included in the fourth information. Here, the fourth information may be transmitted to the terminal via separate higher layer signaling, and the PUCCH resource set(s) configured for the terminal before the dedicated PUCCH resource set is transmitted may be an initial (or common) PUCCH resource set. As the dedicated PUCCH resource set is configured for the terminal, the terminal may transmit a second PUCCH based on the dedicated PUCCH resource set to the base station.

[0219] The method described in the example of FIG. 15 may be performed by the first device (100) of FIG. 1. For example, one or more processors (102) of the first device (100) of FIG. 1 may receive first information related to an index for a first PUCCH resource set from a base station through one or more transceivers (106). The one or more processors (102) may receive second information including the number of a plurality of PUCCH resources related to the first PUCCH resource set from the base station through one or more transceivers (106). The one or more processors (102) may transmit a first PUCCH to the base station through one or more transceivers (106) based on the first information and the second information.

[0220] Furthermore, one or more memories (104) of the first device (100) may store commands for performing the method described in the example of FIG. 15 or the examples described below when executed by one or more processors (102).

[0221] FIG. 16 is a flowchart illustrating a method for a base station to transmit an uplink control channel according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0222] The base station may transmit first information related to an index for the first PUCCH resource set to the terminal (S1610). That is, the base station may transmit the first information to the terminal before transmitting the fourth information related to the dedicated PUCCH resource set. The base station may set an index for the first PUCCH resource set among the indices of a plurality of predefined PUCCH resource sets for the terminal.

[0223] The base station may transmit to the terminal second information including the number of multiple PUCCH resources associated with the first PUCCH resource set (S1620). That is, the base station may configure / instruct the terminal the number of multiple PUCCH resources to be configured for the terminal based on the first PUCCH resource set.

[0224] The base station can receive the first PUCCH from the terminal based on the first information and the second information (S1630). That is, the base station can receive the first PUCCH from the terminal based on specific PUCCH resources set / indicated according to the first information and the second information.

[0225] The method described in the example of FIG. 16 may be performed by the second device (200) of FIG. 1. For example, one or more processors (202) of the second device (200) of FIG. 1 may transmit first information related to an index for one PUCCH resource set to a terminal via one or more transceivers (206). The one or more processors (202) may transmit second information including the number of a plurality of PUCCH resources related to the first PUCCH resource set to the terminal via one or more transceivers (206). The one or more processors (202) may receive a first PUCCH from the terminal via one or more transceivers (206) based on the first information and the second information.

[0226] Furthermore, one or more memories (204) of the second device (200) may store instructions for performing the method described in the example of FIG. 16 or the examples described below when executed by one or more processors (202).

[0227] Hereinafter, a method for setting the number of PUCCH resources included in a specific initial PUCCH resource set, a method for allocating PUCCH resources, and a method for changing the number of indexes constituting the initial PUCCH resource set table will be described in detail.

[0228] Example 1

[0229] Example 1 is a method in which a base station determines the number of PUCCH resources included in a specific initial PUCCH resource set (e.g., r PUCCH ) is about how to set it up.

[0230] As an example of the present disclosure, a base station may assign PUCCH resources (e.g., r) to an initial PUCCH resource set related parameters. PUCCH ) can be separately set / instructed for the terminal. Specifically, the base station can instruct / configure the initial PUCCH resource set index to the terminal through higher layer signaling (e.g., SIB). That is, the base station can transmit higher layer signaling including the initial PUCCH resource set index to the terminal. And, the base station can set / instruct the number of PUCCH resources to be set through the initial PUCCH resource set index to the terminal through higher layer signaling (e.g., SIB) and / or dynamic instruction. That is, the base station can transmit higher layer signaling and / or dynamic instruction including the number of PUCCH resources to be set through the initial PUCCH resource set index to the terminal.

[0231] Here, the dynamic indication may include Msg. 2 / 4 or Msg. B related PDCCH / PDSCH, paging related PDCCH / PDSCH or a separate signal / sequence (e.g., low power wake-up signal, etc.).

[0232] As an example of the present disclosure, the number of PUCCH resources may be predefined as a specific value (e.g., 16) between the base station and the terminal. If the base station does not separately configure / instruct the terminal about the number of PUCCH resources, a specific predefined value may be used. However, this is merely an example, and if the predefined value is not used (e.g., the predefined value is not configured for the terminal), the base station may always configure / instruct the terminal about the number of PUCCH resources.

[0233] As an example of the present disclosure, when the number of PUCCH resources predefined between a terminal and a base station is 16, the base station provides r to the terminal. PUCCH To set / indicate the value, 3 bits of the PUCCH resource indicator (PRI) field included in the downlink control information (DCI) and 1 bit of the CCE index (e.g., 0 or 1) can be used. That is, r PUCCH The value can be set / indicated based on the CCE index and the PRI field included in the DCI transmitted from the base station to the terminal.

[0234] PUCCH resources that the base station can direct to the terminal (e.g., r PUCCH ) can be a value in the form of a power of 2 (e.g., 4, 8, (16), 32, 64, etc.). In this case, the base station may set the number of corresponding PUCCH resources (e.g., r PUCCH ) can be set / instructed to the terminal through upper layer signaling or dynamic instructions.

[0235] After the base station sets / instructs the terminal to the number of PUCCH resources, the terminal can actually use them. PUCCHIn order to indicate the number of PUCCH resources indicated by the base station, the PRI field size and / or the number of CCE indices may be reduced or increased to match the number of PUCCH resources indicated by the base station. Additionally or alternatively, some bits of other DCI fields (e.g., MCS field, etc.) may be allocated to the terminal for actual use. PUCCH can be used to indicate the number of .

[0236] For example, a base station r to a terminal PUCCH If the number of bits is set / indicated to 4 or 8, the CCE index-based indication is not used, and the actual usable bits are determined through bits 2 or 3 of the PRI field. PUCCH The number of can be set / indicated for the terminal.

[0237] As another example, the base station r to the terminal PUCCH When the number of bits is set / indicated as 32 or 64, the PRI field size is 3 bits and the CCE index is 4 or 8 to determine the actual usable r. PUCCH The number of CCE indices can be set / indicated for the terminal. For example, if 4 CCE indices are used, the number of actual usable r bits from the base station to the terminal is indicated through 5 bits (e.g., 3 bits of PRI field and 2 bits of CCE index). PUCCH The number of CCE indices can be set / indicated. As another example, if 8 CCE indices are used, the number of actual usable r can be specified from the base station to the terminal through 6 bits (e.g., PRI field 3 bits and CCE index 3 bits). PUCCH The number of can be set / indicated.

[0238] As another example, the base station r to the terminal PUCCH When the number of bits is set / indicated as 32 or 64, the actual usable r for the terminal is provided from the base station to the terminal through a 1-bit CCE index and a 4-bit or 5-bit extended PRI field. PUCCH The number of can be set / indicated.

[0239] As a result, the PUCCH resources set / instructed by the base station (e.g., r PUCCH ) the PRI field size and / or CCE index to be interpreted by the terminal may vary.

[0240] Example 2

[0241] Example 2 is a PUCCH resource (e.g., r PUCCH ) is applicable. Specifically, Embodiment 2 relates to a method for allocating an actual PUCCH resource index when a base station indicates the number of PUCCH resources to a value smaller (or / and larger) than a predefined number (e.g., 16) for a terminal.

[0242] Example 2-1

[0243] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, it is assumed that the base station indicates the number of PUCCH resources to the terminal as a value smaller than a predefined number (e.g., 16). It can be defined that only the lowest indices among the predefined indices (e.g., 16 indices defined in Table 2) are used. For example, if the number of predefined PUCCH resources is 16 and the number of PUCCH resources indicated by the base station to the terminal is 8, the predefined indices (e.g., r PUCCH r among the indices) PUCCH It can be set / defined that indices 0 to 7 are used.

[0244] As another example, the number of PUCCH resources set / instructed by the base station can be divided evenly, and then the frequency hopping order for each PUCCH resource can be set / defined differently. For example, if the number of predefined PUCCH resources is 16, r PUCCH Indices 0 to 7 are defined to hop from a lower edge to an upper edge, and r PUCCHIndexes 8 to 15 can be defined to hop from a higher edge to a lower edge. In this case, if the base station indicates the number of PUCCH resources to the terminal as 8, r PUCCH Indices 0 to 3 can be defined to hop from a lower edge to a higher edge, r PUCCH Indices 0 to 4 can be defined to hop from a higher edge to a lower edge.

[0245] Example 2-2

[0246] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, it is assumed that the base station indicates the number of PUCCH resources to the terminal to a value greater than a predefined number (e.g., 16). In this case, a new parameter may be added, r PUCCH The allocation location may be set / instructed by the base station or may be predefined.

[0247] For example, the total r PUCCH After dividing the number of indices evenly, the frequency hopping order for each PUCCH resource can be set / defined differently. If the base station sets / instructs the terminal to set / instruct 32 PUCCH resources, the 32 PUCCH resources can be divided into two groups of 16 each, and the frequency hopping order can be set / defined differently for each group. That is, r PUCCH Indices 0 to 15 can be defined to hop from a lower edge to a higher edge, r PUCCH Indices 16 to 31 can be defined to hop from a higher edge to a lower edge.

[0248] As another example, if the number of predefined PUCCH resources is 16 and the base station sets / instructs the terminal to set / indicate 32 as the number of PUCCH resources, the first 16 indices (e.g., r PUCCHPredefined starting OFDM symbol indices (e.g., starting OFDM symbol indices by PUCCH resource index defined in Table 2) can be applied for the remaining 16 indices (e.g., r PUCCH A newly added starting OFDM symbol index (index 16 to 31) may be applied.

[0249] And, for 32 indices, parameters of the remaining types except the starting OFDM symbol index can be set / defined as predefined values ​​(e.g., parameters for each PUCCH resource index defined in Table 2). For the remaining 16 indices, parameters of the remaining types except the starting OFDM symbol index can also be set / defined as predefined values ​​(e.g., parameters for each PUCCH resource index defined in Table 2). For example, r PUCCH Parameters of the remaining types, except for the starting OFDM symbol index associated with index k (where k is a value greater than or equal to 16 and less than or equal to 31), are r PUCCH It can correspond to parameters of the remaining types except for the starting OFDM symbol index defined for index k-16.

[0250] As another example, if the number of predefined PUCCH resources is 16 and the base station sets / instructs the terminal to set / indicate 32 as the number of PUCCH resources, the first 16 indices (e.g., r PUCCH Predefined Orthogonal Cover Code (OCC) indices (e.g., OCC indices by PUCCH resource index defined in Table 2) can be applied for the remaining 16 indices (e.g., r PUCCH The newly added OCC may be applied to indices 16 to 31).

[0251] And, for 32 indices, parameters of the remaining types except the starting OFDM symbol index can be set / defined as predefined values ​​(e.g., parameters for each PUCCH resource index defined in Table 2). For the remaining 16 indices, parameters of the remaining types except OCC can also be set / defined as predefined values ​​(e.g., parameters for each PUCCH resource index defined in Table 2). For example, r PUCCH Parameters of the remaining types, except for the OCC associated with index k (where k is a value greater than or equal to 16 and less than or equal to 31), are r PUCCH It can correspond to parameters of the remaining types except OCC defined for index k-16.

[0252] As another example, if the number of predefined PUCCH resources is 16 and the base station sets / instructs the terminal to set / indicate 32 as the number of PUCCH resources, the first 16 indices (e.g., r PUCCH A predefined starting PRB offset (e.g., starting PRB offset by PUCCH resource index defined in Table 2) can be applied for the remaining 16 indices (e.g., r PUCCH A newly added starting PRB offset may be applied for indices 16 to 31).

[0253] Accordingly, the first 16 r PUCCH For indices 0 to 15, a predefined starting PRB offset can be applied. And, r PUCCH Indices 0 to 7 can be defined to hop from a lower edge to a higher edge, r PUCCH Indices 8 to 15 can be defined to hop from a higher edge to a lower edge. The remaining 16 r PUCCH For indices 16 to 31, a newly added starting PRB offset may be applied. And, r PUCCHIndices 16 to 23 can be defined to hop from a lower edge to a higher edge, r PUCCH Indices 24 to 31 can be defined to hop from a higher edge to a lower edge.

[0254] Example 3

[0255] Embodiment 3 relates to a method for changing (or extending) the number of indexes constituting an initial PUCCH resource set table.

[0256] The total number of indices constituting the initial PUCCH resource set table can be extended and applied as a power of 2. For example, the index values ​​of a specific initial PUCCH resource set table can be extended to 32, 64, 128, 256, etc. Accordingly, the repetition count for the initial PUCCH resource, the PRB offset value, the number of PRBs, the start OFDM symbol index, etc. can be added to the added initial PUCCH resource (set) table.

[0257] For example, {1, 2, 4, 8} may be set / defined to be supported as the repetition count associated with the added initial PUCCH resource (set), and the remaining types of parameters may be defined identically. For another example, {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} may be set / defined to be supported as the PRB offset value associated with the added initial PUCCH resource (set), and the remaining types of parameters may be defined identically. For another example, {1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32} may be set / defined to be supported as the number of PRBs associated with the added initial PUCCH resource (set) (e.g., the number of PRBs for PUCCH transmission), and the remaining types of parameters may be defined identically.

[0258] At this time, the base station, according to the index value included in the initial PUCCH resource set table (e.g., when the total number of indexes is I), sends N bits (where N is the upper layer signaling (e.g., SIB, etc.) ) can set / instruct the terminal to use the initial PUCCH resource set index through the instruction parameter.

[0259] Additionally or alternatively, the base station may use N bits to divide multiple parameters associated with the initial PUCCH resource set and configure / indicate them to the UE. For example, when N is greater than 4, a specific type of parameter set may be indicated via 4 bits of higher layer signaling (e.g., SIB), and a different type of parameter set may be indicated via 4 bits of a separate dynamic indication. The UE may determine the actual initial PUCCH resource set index by combining the multiple parameters configured / indicated via higher layer signaling and / or dynamic indication.

[0260] Additionally or alternatively, if multiple initial PUCCH resource set tables are established / defined within a specific initial UL BWP, signaling for indicating a specific initial PUCCH resource set table index (e.g., if the total number of initial PUCCH resource set tables is T) may be added to the upper layer signaling (e.g., SIB), where the UE may indicate the corresponding (K bits) (K is ) can be directed to a specific table index via signaling.

[0261] Afterwards, the terminal can be instructed by the base station of the initial PUCCH resource set index to be used by the actual terminal through N-bit signaling. Here, if the number of initial PUCCH resource set indexes included in each of the plurality of PUCCH resource set tables is I, N is It could be.

[0262] At least one of the above-described embodiments may also be included as one of the implementation methods of the present disclosure. In addition, at least one of the above-described embodiments may be implemented independently, but may also be implemented in the form of a combination (or merge) of some methods. Information on whether the above-described embodiments are applicable (or information on the rules of the above-described proposed methods) may be defined as a rule so that the base station notifies the terminal through a predefined signal (e.g., a physical layer signal or a higher layer signal). The higher layer may include, for example, one or more of functional layers such as MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, and SDAP.

[0263] The methods, embodiments or descriptions for implementing the method proposed in this specification may be applied separately, or one or more methods (or embodiments or descriptions) may be applied in combination.

[0264] The methods, embodiments or descriptions for implementing the method proposed in the present disclosure may be applied separately, or one or more methods (or embodiments or descriptions) may be applied in combination.

[0265] The embodiments described above are combinations of components and features of the present disclosure in a predetermined form. Each component or feature should be considered optional unless explicitly stated otherwise. Each component or feature may be implemented without being combined with other components or features. Furthermore, it is also possible to combine some components and / or features to form an embodiment of the present disclosure. The order of operations described in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be changed. Some components or features of one embodiment may be included in another embodiment or may be replaced with corresponding components or features of another embodiment. It is self-evident that claims that are not explicitly cited in the scope of the patent may be combined to form an embodiment or incorporated as a new claim through a post-application amendment.

[0266] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the essential characteristics thereof. Therefore, the above detailed description should not be construed as limiting in any respect, but rather as illustrative. The scope of the present disclosure should be determined by a reasonable interpretation of the appended claims, and all modifications within the scope of equivalents of the present disclosure are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0267] The scope of the present disclosure includes software or machine-executable instructions (e.g., an operating system, an application, firmware, a program, etc.) that cause operations according to the methods of various embodiments to be executed on a device or a computer, and a non-transitory computer-readable medium having such software or instructions stored thereon and executable on the device or computer. Instructions that can be used to program a processing system to perform the features described in the present disclosure can be stored on / in a storage medium or a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program product including such a storage medium can be used to implement the features described in the present disclosure. The storage medium can include, but is not limited to, high-speed random access memory, such as DRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM, or other random access solid state memory devices, and can include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid state storage devices. The memory optionally includes one or more storage devices remotely located from the processor(s). The memory or, alternatively, the non-volatile memory device(s) within the memory comprise a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The features described in this disclosure may be incorporated into software and / or firmware stored on any of the machine-readable media, which may control the hardware of the processing system and allow the processing system to interact with other mechanisms that utilize results according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Such software or firmware may include, but is not limited to, application code, device drivers, operating systems, and execution environments / containers.

[0268] Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the device (100, 200) of the present disclosure may include not only LTE, NR, and 6G, but also Narrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication. At this time, for example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology, and may be implemented with standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the device (100, 200) of the present disclosure may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. At this time, for example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology, and may be called by various names such as eMTC (enhanced Machine Type Communication). For example, LTE-M technology can be implemented by at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-Bandwidth Limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine Type Communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the device (100, 200) of the present disclosure can include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) considering low-power communication, and is not limited to the above-described names. For example, ZigBee technology can create personal area networks (PAN) related to small / low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and can be called by various names.

[0269] The method proposed in this disclosure is explained with a focus on examples applied to 3GPP LTE / LTE-A and 5G systems, but can be applied to various wireless communication systems in addition to 3GPP LTE / LTE-A and 5G systems.

Claims

1. A step of receiving, by a terminal, first information related to an index for a first physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource set from a base station; A step of receiving, by the terminal, second information including the number of a plurality of PUCCH resources related to the first PUCCH resource set from the base station; and A step of transmitting a first PUCCH to the base station by the terminal based on the first information and the second information, Based on the number of the above PUCCH resources (k) being greater than or equal to a predefined value (n): Each of at least one first PUCCH resource among the plurality of PUCCH resources is based on a first parameter set, A method wherein each of at least one second PUCCH resource among the plurality of PUCCH resources is based on a second parameter set.

2. In paragraph 1, The index of each of the at least one first PUCCH resources is one of 0 to n-1, A method wherein each index of at least one second PUCCH resource is one of n to k-1.

3. In paragraph 1, The first parameter set includes a starting orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol index, an orthogonal cover code (OCC) index, and a starting physical resource block (PRB) offset for each index of the at least one first PUCCH resource, A method wherein the second parameter set includes a start OFDM symbol index, an OCC index, and a start PRB offset for each index of the at least one second PUCCH resource.

4. In paragraph 2, The above first parameter set is predefined, A method in which third information related to the second parameter set is transmitted from the base station to the terminal.

5. In paragraph 4, The third information includes at least one type of parameter among a start OFDM symbol index, an OCC index, or a start PRB offset for each index of the at least one second PUCCH resource, A method wherein, except for at least one type of parameter among the start OFDM symbol index, OCC index or start PRB offset for each index of the at least one second PUCCH resource, the remainder is based on the first parameter set.

6. In paragraph 1, A first frequency hopping order is applied to each of the at least one first PUCCH resources, A method wherein a second frequency hopping order is applied to each of the at least one second PUCCH resources.

7. In paragraph 6, The first frequency hopping order is a order of hopping from a first frequency edge value to a second frequency edge value higher than the first frequency edge value, The method according to claim 1, wherein the second frequency hopping order is an order of hopping from a third frequency edge value to a fourth frequency edge value lower than the third frequency edge value.

8. In paragraph 1, A method in which the first PUCCH is transmitted to the base station through a specific PUCCH resource among the plurality of PUCCH resources based on a PUCCH resource indicator field or control channel element (CCE) information of downlink control information (DCI) transmitted from the base station to the terminal.

9. In paragraph 1, The above first information is transmitted from the base station to the terminal via upper layer signaling, A method wherein the upper layer signaling comprises at least one of a system information block (SIB) or a radio resource control (RRC) message.

10. In paragraph 1, A method in which the second information is transmitted from the base station to the terminal through downlink control information (DCI) included in physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) related to random access or DCI included in paging-related PDCCH.

11. In paragraph 1, A method in which a second PUCCH is transmitted from the terminal to the base station based on information related to a second PUCCH resource set included in the fourth information, based on fourth information related to a dedicated PUCCH resource set being received from the base station.

12. In paragraph 1, Based on the number of the above multiple PUCCH resources (k) being less than the above predefined value (n): A parameter set for each of the above multiple PUCCH resources is predefined, A first frequency hopping order is applied to at least one third PUCCH resource among the plurality of PUCCH resources, A method wherein a second frequency hopping order is applied to each of the at least one second PUCCH resources.

13. One or more transceivers; and comprising one or more processors connected to said one or more transceivers, One or more of the above processors: Receiving first information related to an index for a first physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource set from a base station through the one or more transceivers; Receiving second information including the number of a plurality of PUCCH resources related to the first PUCCH resource set from the base station through the one or more transceivers; and Based on the first information and the second information, the first PUCCH is set to be transmitted to the base station through the one or more transceivers, Based on the number of the above PUCCH resources (k) being greater than or equal to a predefined value (n): Each of at least one first PUCCH resource among the plurality of PUCCH resources is based on a first parameter set, A terminal, wherein each of at least one second PUCCH resource among the plurality of PUCCH resources is based on a second parameter set.

14. A step of transmitting first information related to an index for a first physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource set to a terminal by a base station; A step of transmitting second information including the number of a plurality of PUCCH resources related to the first PUCCH resource set to the terminal by the base station; and A step of receiving a first PUCCH from the terminal by the base station based on the first information and the second information, Based on the number of the above PUCCH resources (k) being greater than or equal to a predefined value (n): Each of at least one first PUCCH resource among the plurality of PUCCH resources is based on a first parameter set, A method wherein each of at least one second PUCCH resource among the plurality of PUCCH resources is based on a second parameter set.

15. In the base station, the base station: one or more transceivers; and comprising one or more processors connected to said one or more transceivers, One or more of the above processors: Transmitting first information related to an index for a first physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource set to a terminal via the one or more transceivers; Transmitting second information including the number of a plurality of PUCCH resources related to the first PUCCH resource set to the terminal through the one or more transceivers; and Based on the first information and the second information, the first PUCCH is set to be received from the terminal through the one or more transceivers, Based on the number of the above PUCCH resources (k) being greater than or equal to a predefined value (n): Each of at least one first PUCCH resource among the plurality of PUCCH resources is based on a first parameter set, A base station, wherein each of at least one second PUCCH resource among the plurality of PUCCH resources is based on a second parameter set.

16. In a processing device configured to control a terminal, the processing device: one or more processors; and A processing device comprising one or more computer memories operatively connected to said one or more processors and storing instructions that, when executed by said one or more processors, perform a method according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

17. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media storing one or more instructions, A computer-readable medium, wherein the one or more commands are executed by one or more processors to control a device to perform a method according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

Images