Method and device for transmitting sensing data

Abstract

Provided are a method by which a first device performs wireless communication and a device supporting same. The method may comprise the steps of: acquiring sensing data on the basis of measurement of a sensing signal; generating a radio resource control (RRC) message including the sensing data; and transmitting the RRC message. For example, the RRC message may include information about at least one destination related to the sensing data.

Description

Method and device for transmitting sensing data

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system.

[0002] 5G NR, the successor to LTE (long-term evolution), is a new clean-slate mobile communications system characterized by high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, from low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, mid-frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and high-frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz.

[0003] The 6G (wireless communication) system aims to achieve (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) low energy consumption for battery-free Internet of Things (IoT) devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision of the 6G system can be divided into four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity, and the 6G system can satisfy the requirements as shown in Table 1 below. For example, Table 1 can represent an example of the requirements of a 6G system.

[0004] Per device peak data rate 1 Tbps E2E latency 1 ms Maximum spectral efficiency 100 bps / Hz Mobility support Up to 1000 km / hr Satellite integration Fully AI Fully autonomous vehicle Fully XR Fully haptic communication Fully

[0005] In one embodiment, a method for a first device to perform wireless communication is provided. The method may include: acquiring sensing data based on measurement of a sensing signal; generating a radio resource control (RRC) message including the sensing data; and transmitting the RRC message. For example, the RRC message may include information regarding at least one destination associated with the sensing data.

[0006] In one embodiment, a first device configured to perform wireless communication is provided. The first device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, may cause the first device to: acquire sensing data based on measurement of a sensing signal; generate a radio resource control (RRC) message including the sensing data; and transmit the RRC message. For example, the RRC message may include information regarding at least one destination associated with the sensing data.

[0007] In one embodiment, a processing device configured to control a first device is provided. The processing device includes at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions, wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to: acquire sensing data based on a measurement of a sensing signal; generate a radio resource control (RRC) message including the sensing data; and transmit the RRC message. For example, the RRC message may include information about at least one destination associated with the sensing data.

[0008] In one embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon is provided. The instructions, when executed, may cause a first device to: acquire sensing data based on measurement of a sensing signal; generate a radio resource control (RRC) message including the sensing data; and transmit the RRC message. For example, the RRC message may include information about at least one destination associated with the sensing data.

[0009] Figure 1 illustrates a device-to-device communication procedure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0010] FIG. 2 illustrates a radio protocol architecture according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0011] FIG. 3 illustrates the structure of a wireless frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0012] FIG. 4 illustrates a slot structure of a frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0013] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a BWP according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0014] FIG. 6 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0015] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a sensing operation according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] FIG. 9 illustrates protocol layering from LMF to UE signaling according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] FIG. 10 illustrates LPP PDU transmission between an LMF and a UE according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] FIG. 11 illustrates a method for including destination information in a message generated based on a unified ASN.1 format, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] FIG. 12 illustrates a method for including destination information in ASN.1 tag information according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] FIG. 13 illustrates a method of including version information of a format associated with a message, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] FIG. 14 illustrates a method for including destination information in a message in units of IEs, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] FIG. 15 illustrates a method for transmitting a message containing sensing data to multiple destinations, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG. 16 illustrates a method for a first device to perform wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG. 17 illustrates a method for a second device to perform wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] Fig. 18 illustrates a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] FIG. 19 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] FIG. 20 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] FIG. 21 illustrates a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] FIG. 22 illustrates a mobile device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] In this disclosure, "A or B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." In other words, "A or B" in this disclosure can be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, "A, B or C" in this disclosure can mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C."

[0032] As used herein, a slash ( / ) or a comma may mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" may mean "A and / or B." Accordingly, "A / B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" may mean "A, B, or C."

[0033] In the present disclosure, “at least one of A and B” may mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.” Additionally, in the present disclosure, the expressions “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and / or B” may be interpreted identically to “at least one of A and B.”

[0034] Additionally, in the present disclosure, “at least one of A, B and C” can mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B and C.” Additionally, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and / or C” can mean “at least one of A, B and C.”

[0035] Additionally, parentheses used in the present disclosure may mean "for example." Specifically, when indicated as "control information (PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." In other words, "control information" in the present disclosure is not limited to "PDCCH," and "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." Furthermore, even when indicated as "control information (i.e., PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information."

[0036] In the following explanation, ‘when, if, in case of’ can be replaced with ‘based on’.

[0037] Technical features individually described in one drawing in this disclosure may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0038] In the present disclosure, higher layer parameters may be parameters set for the terminal, preset, or predefined. For example, a base station or network may transmit higher layer parameters to the terminal. For example, the higher layer parameters may be transmitted via radio resource control (RRC) signaling or medium access control (MAC) signaling.

[0039] In the present disclosure, "setting or defining" may be interpreted as being set or preset to a device through predefined signaling (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC) from a base station or a network. In the present disclosure, "setting or defining" may be interpreted as being preset to a device. In the present disclosure, "setting or defining" may be interpreted as being set or preset to a device through predefined signaling (e.g., MAC, RRC, SCI (sidelink control information), device-to-device signaling control information, etc.) from another device. In the present disclosure, "setting or defining" may be interpreted as being preset to a device.

[0040] In the present disclosure, a user equipment (UE) may refer to a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc. In the present disclosure, a base station (BS) may refer to a radio access network (RAN) node, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) cell / node, a transmission reception point (TRP), a network, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc.

[0041] The technology proposed in the present disclosure can be used in various wireless communication systems such as CDMA (code division multiple access), FDMA (frequency division multiple access), TDMA (time division multiple access), OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), and SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access). CDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as UTRA (universal terrestrial radio access) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as GSM (global system for mobile communications) / GPRS (general packet radio service) / EDGE (enhanced data rates for GSM evolution). OFDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (evolved UTRA), LTE (long term evolution), and 5G NR.

[0042] The technology proposed in this disclosure can be implemented with 6G wireless technology and applied to various 6G systems. For example, 6G systems can have key factors such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), artificial intelligence (AI) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0043] FIG. 1 illustrates a device-to-device communication procedure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 1 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0044] Referring to FIG. 1, in step S101, a first device and a second device can perform synchronization. For example, the first device can be a terminal and / or at least one of the devices proposed in the present disclosure. For example, the second device can be a base station, a network, a RAN node, an NTN node / cell, a TRP, a terminal and / or at least one of the devices proposed in the present disclosure. For example, the first device can perform an initial cell search operation. For example, the first device can detect at least one synchronization signal transmitted by the second device according to a predefined rule. Here, for example, the synchronization signal can include a plurality of synchronization signals classified according to a structure or purpose (e.g., a primary synchronization signal, a secondary synchronization signal, etc.). Through this, the first device can identify the boundaries of the frame, subframe, time unit, slot, and / or symbol of the second device, and the first device can obtain information about the second device (e.g., a cell identifier).

[0045] In step S103, the first device can obtain system information transmitted by the second device. For example, the system information may include information related to the properties, characteristics, and / or capabilities of the second device required to connect to the second device and use the service. For example, the system information may be classified according to content (e.g., whether it is essential for connection), transmission structure (e.g., the channel used, whether it is provided on-demand), etc. For example, the system information may be classified into a master information block (MIB) and a system information block (SIB). For example, if necessary, the first device may transmit a signal requesting system information before receiving the system information. For example, the request and provision of system information may be performed after a random access procedure described below.

[0046] In step S105, the first device and the second device can perform a random access procedure. For example, the first device can transmit and / or receive at least one message (e.g., a random access preamble, a random access response message, etc.) for the random access procedure based on information related to a random access channel of the second device obtained through system information (e.g., channel location, channel structure, structure of supported preamble, etc.). For example, the first device can transmit a preamble (e.g., Msg1) through the random access channel, the first device can receive a random access response message (e.g., Msg2), the first device can transmit a message (e.g., Msg3) including information related to the first device (e.g., identification information) to the second device using scheduling information included in the random access response message, and the first device can receive a message (e.g., Msg4) for contention resolution and / or connection establishment. For example, Msg1 and Msg3 may be sent and received as one message (e.g., MsgA), and / or Msg2 and Msg4 may be sent and received as one message (e.g., MsgB).

[0047] In step S107, the first device and the second device may perform signaling of control information. Here, for example, the control information may be defined in various layers, such as a layer that controls a connection (e.g., a radio resource control (RRC) layer), a layer that handles mapping between logical channels and transport channels (e.g., a media access control (MAC) layer), a layer that handles physical channels (e.g., a physical (PHY) layer), etc. For example, the first device and the second device may perform at least one of signaling for establishing a connection, signaling for determining settings related to communication, and / or signaling for indicating allocated resources. For example, the control information may be signaled / transmitted via a control channel. For example, the control information and / or the control channel may be used to schedule at least one of data, a data channel (e.g., a shared channel), and / or control information on the data channel.

[0048] In step S109, the first device and the second device may transmit and / or receive data. For example, the first device and the second device may process, transmit, and / or receive data based on signaling of control information. For example, when transmitting data, the first device or the second device may perform at least one of channel encoding, rate matching, scrambling, constellation mapping, layer mapping, waveform modulation, antenna mapping, and / or resource mapping on the information bits. For example, when receiving data, the first device or the second device may perform at least one of signal extraction from resources, waveform demodulation for each antenna, signal arrangement considering layer mapping, constellation demapping, descrambling, and / or channel decoding.

[0049] For example, the layers of a radio interface protocol between a first device and a second device can be divided into L1 (layer 1), L2 (layer 2), L3 (layer 3), etc. For example, a physical layer belonging to the first layer can provide an information transfer service using a physical channel, and an RRC (radio resource control) layer located in the third layer can play a role in controlling radio resources between the first device and the second device. For this purpose, for example, the RRC layer can exchange RRC messages between the first device and the second device.

[0050] FIG. 2 illustrates a radio protocol architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 2 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted. For example, (a) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a user plane for uplink communication or downlink communication, and (b) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a control plane for uplink communication or downlink communication. For example, (c) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a user plane for device-to-device communication, and (d) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a control plane for device-to-device communication.

[0051] For example, the physical layer can provide information transmission services to upper layers using physical channels. For example, the physical layer can be connected to the upper layer, the medium access control (MAC) layer, through a transport channel. For example, data can be transmitted between the MAC layer and the physical layer through the transport channel. For example, transport channels can be classified according to how and with what characteristics data is transmitted over the wireless interface. For example, data can be transmitted between different physical layers (e.g., between the physical layers of a first device and a second device) through a physical channel. For example, the physical channel can be modulated using an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme, and time and frequency can be utilized as radio resources.

[0052] For example, the MAC layer can provide services to the upper layer, the radio link control (RLC) layer, through logical channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide a mapping function from multiple logical channels to multiple transport channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide a logical channel multiplexing function by mapping multiple logical channels to a single transport channel. For example, the MAC sublayer can provide data transmission services on logical channels.

[0053] For example, the RLC layer can perform concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs). For example, to guarantee the various quality of service (QoS) required by radio bearers (RBs), the RLC layer can provide three operating modes: transparent mode (TM), unacknowledged mode (UM), and acknowledged mode (AM). For example, AM RLC can provide error correction through automatic repeat request (ARQ).

[0054] For example, the RRC (radio resource control) layer can be defined only in the control plane. For example, the RRC layer can be responsible for controlling logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels in relation to the configuration, re-configuration, and release of radio bearers. For example, an RB can mean a logical path provided by a first layer (e.g., a physical layer) and a second layer (e.g., a MAC layer, an RLC layer, a PDCP (packet data convergence protocol) layer, a SDAP (service data adaptation protocol) layer, etc.) for data transmission between a first device and a second device.

[0055] For example, the functions of the PDCP layer in the user plane may include forwarding of user data, header compression, and ciphering. For example, the functions of the PDCP layer in the control plane may include forwarding of control plane data and ciphering / integrity protection.

[0056] For example, establishing an RB can refer to the process of defining the characteristics of the radio protocol layer and channel to provide a specific service, and setting specific parameters and operating methods for each. For example, RBs can be divided into two types: signaling radio bearers (SRBs) and data radio bearers (DRBs). For example, SRBs can be used as a channel to transmit RRC messages in the control plane, while DRBs can be used as a channel to transmit user data in the user plane.

[0057] For example, a downlink transmission channel may include at least one of a broadcast channel (BCH) for transmitting system information, and / or a downlink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or control messages. For example, traffic or control messages of a downlink multicast or broadcast service may be transmitted through the downlink SCH, or may be transmitted through a separate downlink multicast channel (MCH). Meanwhile, an uplink transmission channel may include at least one of a random access channel (RACH) for transmitting initial control messages, and / or an uplink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or control messages. For example, a logical channel located above a transmission channel and mapped to the transmission channel may include at least one of a broadcast control channel (BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a common control channel (CCCH), a multicast control channel (MCCH), and / or a multicast traffic channel (MTCH).

[0058] FIG. 3 illustrates the structure of a wireless frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 3 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0059] Referring to FIG. 3, for example, a radio frame may be used in uplink transmission, downlink transmission, and / or device-to-device transmission. For example, a radio frame may have a length of 10 ms and may be defined as two 5 ms half-frames (HF). For example, a half-frame may include five 1 ms subframes (SF). For example, a subframe may be divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots within a subframe may be determined according to a subcarrier spacing (SCS). For example, each slot may include 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols, depending on a cyclic prefix (CP).

[0060] For example, when normal CP is used, each slot can contain 14 symbols. For example, when extended CP is used, each slot can contain 12 symbols. Here, for example, the symbols can contain OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols), SC-FDMA (single carrier-FDMA) symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM) symbols).

[0061] Table 2 below shows the number of symbols per slot (N) depending on the SCS setting (u) when normal CP or extended CP is used. slot symb ), number of slots per frame (N frame,u slot ) and the number of slots per subframe (N subframe,u slot) is an example.

[0062] CP type SCS (15*2 u )N slot symb N frame,u slot N subframe,u slot Normal CP15kHz (u=0)1410130kHz (u=1)1420260kHz (u=2)14404120kHz (u=3)14808240kHz (u=4)1416016Extended CP60kHz (u=2)12404

[0063] For example, OFDM(A) numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.) may be set differently between multiple cells that are merged into a single terminal. Accordingly, the (absolute time) interval of time resources (e.g., subframes, slots, or transmit time intervals (TTIs)) composed of the same number of symbols may be set differently between the merged cells. For example, in the present disclosure, time resources such as subframes, slots, TTIs, etc. may be referred to as time units.

[0064] For example, multiple numerologies, or SCSs, may be supported to support various services. For example, a 15 kHz SCS may support wide areas in traditional cellular bands, while a 30 kHz / 60 kHz SCS may support dense urban areas, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth. For example, a 60 kHz or higher SCS may support bandwidths greater than 24.25 GHz to overcome phase noise.

[0065] FIG. 4 illustrates a slot structure of a frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 4 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0066] Referring to FIG. 4, for example, a slot may include multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, a carrier may include multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, a resource block (RB) may be defined as multiple consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, a bandwidth part (BWP) may be defined as multiple consecutive (P)RBs ((physical) resource blocks) in the frequency domain, and may correspond to one numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). For example, a carrier may include at most N BWPs (where N is a positive integer). For example, data communication may be performed through an activated BWP. For example, each element may be referred to as a resource element (RE) in the resource grid, and one complex symbol may be mapped to it.

[0067] For example, a BWP may be a contiguous set of PRBs in a given numerology. For example, a PRB may be selected from a contiguous subset of common resource blocks (CRBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier.

[0068] For example, the BWP may be at least one of an active BWP, an initial BWP, and / or a default BWP. For example, the UE may not monitor the downlink radio link quality in a DL BWP other than the active DL BWP on the PCell (primary cell). For example, the UE may not receive a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), or a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) (except for radio resource management (RRM)) outside of the active DL BWP. For example, the UE may not trigger channel state information (CSI) reporting for an inactive DL BWP. For example, the UE may not transmit a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) outside of the active UL BWP. For example, for downlink, the initial BWP can be given as a set of consecutive resource blocks (RBs) for the remaining minimum system information (RMSI) CORESET (control resource set) (set by the physical broadcast channel (PBCH)). For uplink, for example, the initial BWP can be given by the system information block (SIB) for the random access procedure. For example, the default BWP can be set by a higher layer. For example, the initial value of the default BWP can be the initial DL BWP.For energy saving, if the terminal does not detect DCI (downlink control information) for a certain period of time, the terminal may switch its active BWP to a default BWP.

[0069] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a BWP according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 5 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted. In the embodiment of FIG. 5, it is assumed that there are three BWPs.

[0070] Referring to FIG. 5, for example, a common resource block (CRB) may be a carrier resource block numbered from one end of a carrier band to the other, and a PRB may be a numbered resource block within each BWP. For example, point A may indicate a common reference point for a resource block grid.

[0071] For example, BWP is point A, offset from point A (N start BWP ) and bandwidth (N size BWP ) can be set by. For example, point A can be an outer reference point of the PRB of a carrier where subcarrier 0 of all numerologies (e.g., all numerologies supported by the network on that carrier) aligns. For example, the offset can be the PRB spacing between the lowest subcarrier in a given numerology and point A. For example, the bandwidth can be the number of PRBs in a given numerology.

[0072] FIG. 6 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 6 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0073] As core implementation technologies of the 6G system, technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), THz (terahertz) communication, optical wireless technology, free-space optical transmission (FSO) backhaul networks, massive MIMO (multiple input multiple output) technology, blockchain, 3D networking, quantum communication, unmanned aerial vehicles, cell-free communication, wireless information and energy transfer (WIET), integration of sensing and communication, integration of access backhaul networks, holographic beamforming, big data analysis, and large intelligent surface (LIS) can be adopted.

[0074] - Artificial Intelligence: Incorporating AI into communications can streamline and improve real-time data transmission. AI can use numerous analytics to determine how complex target tasks should be performed. For example, AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing delays. Time-consuming tasks such as handovers, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI. AI can also play a crucial role in machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communications. AI can also facilitate rapid communication in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0075] - THz communication (terahertz communication): Data rates can be increased by increasing the bandwidth. This can be achieved by using sub-THz communication with wide bandwidths and applying advanced massive MIMO technology. THz waves, also known as sub-millimeter waves, typically refer to the frequency range between 0.1 THz and 10 THz, with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 0.03 mm to 3 mm. The 100 GHz to 300 GHz band (sub-THz band) is considered a key part of the THz spectrum for cellular communications. Adding the sub-THz band to the mmWave band will increase the capacity of 6G cellular communications. Among the defined THz bands, 300 GHz to 3 THz lies in the far infrared (IR) frequency band. While part of the optical band, the 300 GHz to 3 THz band lies at the boundary of the optical band, immediately following the RF band. Therefore, this 300 GHz to 3 THz band exhibits similarities to RF. Key characteristics of THz communications include (i) the widely available bandwidth to support very high data rates and (ii) the high path loss that occurs at high frequencies (requiring highly directional antennas). The narrow beamwidths generated by highly directional antennas reduce interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows for a significantly larger number of antenna elements to be integrated into devices and base stations operating in this band. This enables the use of advanced adaptive array technologies to overcome range limitations.

[0076] - Large-scale MIMO technology

[0077] - Hologram beamforming (HBF)

[0078] - Optical wireless technology

[0079] - Free-space optical transmission backhaul network (FSO backhaul network)

[0080] - Quantum communication

[0081] - Cell-free communication

[0082] - Integration of wireless information and power transmission

[0083] - Integration of wireless communication and sensing

[0084] - Integrated access and backhaul network

[0085] - Big data analysis

[0086] - Reconfigurable intelligent surface

[0087] - metaverse

[0088] - Block chain

[0089] Advanced Air Mobility (AAM): AAM can be a broad concept encompassing urban air mobility (UAM), regional air mobility (RAM), and uncrewed aerial systems (UAS). For example, AAM can include UAM, RAM, UAS, and uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs).

[0090] - Autonomous driving (self-driving): V2X (vehicle to everything), a key element in building autonomous driving infrastructure, can be a technology that allows cars to communicate and share with various elements on the road for autonomous driving, such as vehicle to vehicle (V2V) wireless communication and vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) wireless communication.

[0091] Non-terrestrial network (NTN): NTN can refer to a network or network segment that utilizes radio frequency (RF) resources mounted on satellites (or UAS platforms). NTN services may be considered to secure wider coverage or provide wireless communication services in locations where the installation of wireless communication base stations is difficult.

[0092] - Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC)

[0093] - Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS): RIS can be used to manipulate and enhance signal propagation in wireless communication environments. For example, a RIS can be composed of many small antennas, or metasurfaces, arranged on a surface, each of which can actively control the phase, amplitude, polarization, etc. of the reflected signal. For example, a RIS can improve signal reception by controlling the path, phase, and / or intensity of the propagating signal. For example, in the case of a RIS, power consumption can be very low because power is consumed only for controlling the phase and amplitude of the small antennas. For example, because a RIS can be reconfigured to suit different environments, it can meet diverse communication requirements and operate effectively in dynamic network environments.

[0094] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 7 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0095] Referring to FIG. 7, NTN communication can be performed based on satellite networks, high-altitude platform stations (HAPS) as international mobile telecommunications (IMT) base stations (BS), and terminals capable of aerial communication (e.g., AAMs). For example, to improve coverage, etc., devices such as satellite networks, HIBS, and terminals capable of aerial communication (e.g., AAMs) can act as relays. For example, an AAM can communicate with a base station, a satellite network, etc., and / or an AAM can communicate directly with a terminal, another AAM, etc.

[0096] Below, the integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) mentioned above is described in detail.

[0097] Integrated Sensing and Communications (ISAC) is a technology that uses radio frequencies to determine the instantaneous linear velocity, angle, distance (range), etc. of an object, thereby obtaining information about the environment and / or the characteristics of objects within the environment. Because radio frequency sensing does not require a device to connect to the object through a network, it can provide services for object positioning without a device. The ability to obtain range, velocity, and angle information from radio frequency signals can enable a wide range of new capabilities, such as various object detection, object recognition (e.g., vehicles, humans, animals, UAVs), and high-precision localization, tracking, and activity recognition. Wireless sensing services can provide information to a variety of industries (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicles, smart homes, V2X, factories, railways, public safety, etc.), enabling applications such as intruder detection, assisted vehicle steering and navigation, trajectory tracking, collision avoidance, traffic management, and health and traffic management. In some cases, wireless sensing can utilize non-3GPP type sensors (e.g., radar, cameras) to further support 3GPP-based sensing. For example, the operation of a wireless sensing service (e.g., sensing operation) may depend on the transmission, reflection, and scattering processing of wireless sensing signals. Therefore, wireless sensing may provide an opportunity to enhance existing communication systems from communication networks to wireless communication and sensing networks. FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a sensing operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 8 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted. Specifically, FIG. 8 (a) illustrates an example of sensing using a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter located at the same location (e.g., monostatic sensing), and FIG. 8 (b) illustrates an example of sensing using a separated sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter (e.g., bistatic sensing).

[0098] The present disclosure may be applied to operations for positioning and / or operations for integrated sensing and communications (ISAC).

[0099] In this disclosure, the following terms may be used.

[0100] - Sensing RS (reference signal): Reference signal used for measurement for sensing purposes

[0101] - BS-BS sensing: Sensing in which BS#1 transmits a sensing RS and BS#2 receives the sensing RS. For example, if BS#1 and BS#2 are separate BSs, this may mean a BS-BS bi-static sensing operation. For example, if BS#1 and BS#2 are the same BS, this may mean a BS-BS mono-static sensing operation. For example, the BS may be a base station or a transmission and reception point (TRP). For example, if BS#1 and / or BS#2 are one or more BSs, this may mean a BS-BS multi-static sensing operation.

[0102] - BS-UE sensing: Sensing in which a BS transmits a sensing RS and a UE receives the sensing RS. For example, the BS may be a base station or a transmission and reception point (TRP). For example, if the BS and / or the UE are one or more BSs and / or one or more UEs, this may refer to a BS-UE multi-static sensing operation.

[0103] - UE-BS sensing: Sensing in which a UE transmits a sensing RS and a BS receives the sensing RS. For example, the BS may be a base station or a transmission and reception point (TRP). For example, if the BS and / or the UE are one or more BSs and / or one or more UEs, this may refer to a UE-BS multi-static sensing operation.

[0104] - UE-UE sensing: Sensing in which UE#1 transmits a sensing RS and UE#2 receives the sensing RS. For example, if UE#1 and UE#2 are separate UEs, this may mean a UE-UE bi-static sensing operation. For example, if UE#1 and UE#2 are the same UE, this may mean a UE-UE mono-static sensing operation. For example, the BS may be a base station or a transmission and reception point (TRP). For example, if UE#1 and / or UE#2 are one or more UEs, this may mean a UE-UE multi-static sensing operation.

[0105] - LMF: Location Management Function

[0106] - SMF: Sensing Management Function

[0107] - TSA: Target Sensing Area

[0108] - TP (transmission point): A set of geographically co-located transmitting antennas (e.g., an antenna array composed of one or more antenna elements) for a cell, a portion of a cell, or a DL PRS-only TP. A transmission point may include a base station (e.g., ng-eNB or gNB) antenna, a remote radio head, a remote antenna of a base station, an antenna of a DL PRS-only TP, etc. A cell may include one or more transmission points. In case of a homogeneous deployment, each transmission point may correspond to one cell.

[0109] - Reception point (RP): A set of geographically co-located transmitting antennas (e.g., an antenna array composed of one or more antenna elements) for a cell, a portion of a cell, or a UL SRS-only RP. The transmission point may include a base station (e.g., ng-eNB or gNB) antenna, a remote radio head, a remote antenna of the base station, an antenna of a UL SRS-only RP, etc. A cell may include one or more reception points. In a homogeneous deployment, each reception point may correspond to one cell.

[0110] - PRS-only TP: A TP that transmits only PRS signals for PRS-based TBS positioning and is not related to a cell.

[0111] - TRP (transmission-reception point): An antenna (e.g., an antenna array consisting of one or more antenna elements) geographically located at the same location that supports TP and / or RP functions.

[0112] - SRS-only RP: An RP that receives only SRS signals for UL-only positioning and is not related to a cell.

[0113] In the present disclosure, the TRP and the base station may be replaced and used as the same entity.

[0114] In the present disclosure, the sensing signal and the sensing RS (reference signal) can be interpreted and used interchangeably.

[0115] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, “a specific threshold” may mean a threshold defined in advance or set (in advance) by a higher layer of a network or a base station or a terminal (e.g., including an application layer).

[0116] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, “specific setting value” may mean a value defined in advance or set (in advance) by a network or a base station or a higher layer of a terminal (e.g., including an application layer).

[0117] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, “configured by the network / base station” may mean an operation in which the base station configures (in advance) the UE via higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling), configures / signals the UE via MAC CE, or signals the UE via DCI (downlink control information).

[0118] In embodiments of the present disclosure, “message” may be interpreted as being replaced with a control message or a data message or a signal or a data signal or a control signal.

[0119] Meanwhile, conventional LPP message transport can be delivered via the CP (control plane) or UP (user plane). For example, there is no difference in LPP message information (e.g., message contents) between the two methods; only the transport channel may be used differently.

[0120] For example, in the control plane transport method, it can be delivered using NAS transport messages (e.g., using NAS containers). For example, it can be delivered transparently through DL NAS transport messages and UL NAS transport messages. In this case, for example, LPP can operate at a higher level than the NAS layer.

[0121] For example, in the user plane transport method, LPP messages can utilize conventional TCP / IP connections. For example, this method can be used when positioning services are performed using the OMA SUPL (Open Mobile Alliance Secure User Plane Location) application. In this case, for example, LPP can operate at the application layer, and reliable transport can be performed at the TCP / IP layer (same as general TCP data), so the LPP reliable transport functionality provided by 3GPP may not be used.

[0122] Below, the process of transmitting LPP PDUs using control plane transport is described.

[0123] For example, the procedure for transmitting LPP messages (e.g., LPP packet data units (PDUs)) between a UE and an LMF (or AMF) using the NAS transport method used in the control plane transport method is specified in the 3GPP standard document TS 38.305.

[0124] For example, signaling between an LMF and a UE may be as follows:

[0125] For example, protocol layering might look like this:

[0126] FIG. 9 illustrates protocol layering from LMF to UE signaling according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 9 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0127] Referring to Figure 9, this illustrates the protocol layers used to support LPP message transmission between the LMF and the UE. For example, an LPP PDU can be transmitted between the AMF and the UE in the form of an NAS PDU.

[0128] For example, transmission of an LPP PDU is as follows:

[0129] FIG. 10 illustrates LPP PDU transmission between an LMF and a UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 10 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0130] Referring to Figure 10, this illustrates the transmission of LPP PDUs between an LMF and a UE in network and UE triggered situations. For example, these two cases may occur separately or as part of a more complex single operation.

[0131] (Step 1) For example, steps 1 through 4 may occur before, after, or simultaneously with steps 5 through 8. For example, steps 1 through 4 and steps 5 through 8 may be repeated. For example, steps 1 through 4 may be triggered when the LMF needs to send an LPP message to the UE as part of some LPP positioning activity. For example, the LMF may then invoke the Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer service operation towards the AMF to request delivery of an LPP PDU to the UE. For example, the service operation may include the LPP PDU together with the LCS Correlation ID within an N1 message container as defined in TS 29.518.

[0132] (Step 2) For example, if the UE is in CM-IDLE state (e.g., the NG connection was previously released due to data and signaling inactivity), the AMF may initiate a network triggered service request as defined in TS 23.502 to establish a signaling connection with the UE and allocate a serving NG-RAN node.

[0133] (Step 3) For example, the AMF includes the LPP PDU in the payload container of a DL NAS transport message and includes a Routing Identifier identifying the LMF in the Additional Information of the DL NAS Transport message as defined in TS 24.501

[0029] . The AMF may then forward the DL NAS Transport message to the serving NG-RAN node as an NGAP Downlink NAS Transport message as defined in TS 38.413

[0030] . For example, the AMF does not need to maintain state information for this transmission and may treat all responses in step 7 as separate non-associated transfers.

[0134] (Step 4) For example, the NG-RAN node can forward a DL NAS transport message to the UE as an RRC DL information transfer message.

[0135] (Step 5) For example, steps 5 to 8 may be triggered when the UE needs to transmit LPP PDUs to the LMF as part of some LPP positioning activity. For example, if the UE is in CM-IDLE state, the UE may initiate a UE-triggered service request as defined in TS 23.502 to establish a signaling connection with the AMF and be assigned a serving NG-RAN node.

[0136] (Step 6) For example, the UE may include the LPP PDU in the payload container of the UL NAS transport message and include the routing identifier received in step 4 in the additional information of the UL NAS transport message defined in TS 24.501. For example, the UE may then transmit the UL NAS transport message to the serving NG-RAN node as an RRC UL information transfer message.

[0137] (Step 7) For example, the NG-RAN node can forward a UL NAS transport message to the AMF as an NGAP uplink NAS transport message.

[0138] (Step 8) For example, the AMF may invoke the Namf_Communication_N1MessageNotify service action toward the LMF indicated by the routing identifier received in Step 7. For example, the service action may include the LPP PDU received in Step 7 together with the LCS Correlation ID within the N1 message container defined in TS 29.518.

[0139] Meanwhile, LPP messages generated by the positioning protocol can be delivered to the NAS layer. For example, LPP PDUs delivered to the NAS layer can be delivered as DL / UL NAS transport messages defined in GPP standard document TS 24.501, and LPP PDUs can be delivered through NAS container messages. In this case, for example, an additional information IE (additional information IE) can be set to an LPP (LTE Positioning Protocol) message container or an LCS (Location services) message container.

[0140] For example, a UL NAS transmission might look like this:

[0141] For example, a message definition might look like this:

[0142] For example, a UL NAS TRANSPORT message can transmit the message payload and related information to AMF (see Table 3 below).

[0143] - Message Type: UL NAS TRANSPORT

[0144] - Importance: Dual

[0145] - Direction: From UE to network

[0146] Table 3 below shows the contents of the UL NAS TRANSPORT message.

[0147] IEI Information Element Type / Reference Presence Format Length Extended protocol discriminator Extended protocol discriminator / 9.2MV1 Security header type Security header type / 9.3MV1 / 2 Spare half octet Spare half octet / 9.5MV1 / 2 UL NAS TRANSPORT message identity Message type / 9.7MV1 Payload container type Payload container type / 9.11.3.40MV1 / 2 Spare half octet Spare half octet / 9.5MV1 / 2 Payload container Payload Payload container / 9.11.3.39MLV-E3-6553712PDU session IDPDU session identity 2 / 9.11.3.41CTV259PDU session IDOld PDU session IDPDU session identity 2 / 9.11.3.41OTV28-Request typeRequest type / 9.11.3.47OTV122S-NSSAIS-NSSAI / 9.11.2.8OTLV3-1025DNNDNN / 9.11.2.1BOTLV3-10224Additional informationAdditional information / 9.11.2.1OTLV3-nA-MA PDU session informationMA PDU session information / 9.11.3.31AOTV1F-Release assistance indicationRelease assistance indication / 9.11.3.46AOTV1.

[0148] For example, the PDU session ID could be:

[0149] For example, the UE must include this IE if the Payload Container Type IE is set to “N1 SM Information” or “CIoT User Data”.

[0150] For example, the Old PDU session ID might be:

[0151] For example, if a UE receives a PDU SESSION MODIFICATION COMMAND message and the 5GSM cause information element (IE) in that message is set to #39 "reactivation requested" and the payload container type information element is set to "N1 SM information", then the UL NAS TRANSPORT message must include that information element (IE) when conveying a PDU SESSION ESTABLISHMENT REQUEST message.

[0152] For example, the request type could be:

[0153] For example, the UE shall include a PDU Session ID Information Element (IE) and a payload container Information Element (IE) if the PDU SESSION ESTABLISHMENT REQUEST message or the PDU SESSION MODIFICATION REQUEST message is not initiated to indicate a change in the 3GPP PS data off UE state associated with the PDU session.

[0154] For example, S-NSSAI could be:

[0155] For example, the UE may include the Request type information element (IE) if the Request type information element (IE) is set to “initial request”, “existing PDU session” or “MA PDU request”, the payload container type information element is set to “N1 SM information” and the UE is not registered for the onboarding service in the SNPN.

[0156] For example, a DNN might look like this:

[0157] For example, the UE may include the Request type information element (IE) if the Request type information element (IE) is set to “initial request”, “existing PDU session” or “MA PDU request”, the payload container type information element is set to “N1 SM information” and the UE is not registered for the onboarding service in the SNPN.

[0158] For example, additional information could be:

[0159] For example, the UE may include an information element (IE) when the payload container type information element (IE) is set to “LPP (LTE Positioning Protocol) message container” or “LCS (Location services) message container.”

[0160] For example, MA PDU session information may be as follows:

[0161] For example, the UE may include a request type information element (IE) in the UL NAS TRANSPORT message if the request type information element (IE) is not set to "initial emergency request" or "existing emergency PDU session."

[0162] For example, a release assistance indication might look like this:

[0163] For example, a UE may include an Information Element (IE) to inform the network:

[0164] - when no further uplink and downlink data transmission is expected; or

[0165] - Only a single downlink data transmission (e.g., a response or acknowledgement to uplink data) and no further uplink data transmission is expected after the uplink data transmission.

[0166] For example, a DL NAS transfer might look like this:

[0167] For example, a message definition might look like this:

[0168] For example, a DL NAS TRANSPORT message can transmit the message payload and related information to the UE (see Table 4 below).

[0169] - Message Type: DL NAS TRANSPORT

[0170] - Importance: Dual

[0171] - Direction: From network to UE

[0172] Table 4 below shows the contents of the DL NAS TRANSPORT message.

[0173] IEI Information Element Type / Reference Presence Format Length Extended protocol discriminator Extended protocol discriminator / 9.2MV1 Security header type Security header type / 9.3MV1 / 2 Spare half octet Spare half octet / 9.5MV1 / 2 UL NAS TRANSPORT message identity Message type / 9.7MV1 Payload container type Payload container type / 9.11.3.40MV1 / 2 Spare half octet Spare half octet / 9.5MV1 / 2 Payload container Payload Payload container / 9.11.3.39MLV-E3-6553712PDU session IDPDU session identity 2 / 9.11.3.41CTV224Additional informationAdditional information / 9.11.2.1OTLV3-n585GMM cause5GMM cause / 9.11.3.2OTV237Back-off timer valueGPRS timer 3 / 9.11.2.5OTLV33ALower bound timer valueGPRS timer 3 / 9.11.2.5OTLV3

[0174] For example, the PDU session ID could be:

[0175] For example, AMF must include an information element (IE) if the payload container type information element (IE) is set to “N1 SM information” or “CIoT user data container.”

[0176] For example, additional information could be:

[0177] For example, AMF may include an information element (IE) when the payload container type information element (IE) is set to “LPP (LTE Positioning Protocol) message container” or “LCS (Location services) message container.”

[0178] For example, a 5GMM cause could be:

[0179] For example, AMF must include a payload container information element (IE) if the IE contains an uplink payload that is not conveyed and the payload container type information element is not set to "multiple payloads."

[0180] For example, the back-off timer value could be:

[0181] For example, AMF shall include an information element (IE) in the payload container information element if the uplink 5GSM message is not delivered due to DNN-based congestion control, S-NSSAI and DNN-based congestion control, S-NSSAI-based congestion control only, or DNN is not supported or subscribed to in the slice, and the payload container type information element is not set to "multiple payloads".

[0182] For example, the lower bound timer value could be:

[0183] For example, the AMF may include an Information Element (IE) to provide a minimum time value for an entry to be added to the "List of PLMNs not permitted to operate at the current UE location" when the 5GMM cause is set to #78 "PLMNs not permitted to operate at the current UE location".

[0184] Meanwhile, the DL / UL NAS transport messages generated in the NAS layer described above can be delivered to the RRC layer. For example, the NAS transport messages delivered to the RRC layer can be converted into DLInformationTransfer / ULInformationTransfer messages defined in the 3GPP standard document TS 38.331 and delivered to the PDCP as SRB2 or SRB1.

[0185] For example, DLInformationTransfer might look like this:

[0186] For example, the DLInformationTransfer message can be used to transmit NAS-specific information, timing information of 5G internal system clocks, or IAB-DU specific F1-C related information on the downlink link.

[0187] - Signaling Radio Bearer: SRB2 or SRB1 (this may only apply if SRB2 is not yet established. If SRB2 is suspended, the network may not send this message until SRB2 is resumed. If only dedicatedInfoF1c is included, SRB2 may be used.)

[0188] - RLC-SAP: AM

[0189] - Logical channel: DCCH

[0190] - Direction: From network to UE

[0191] For example, ULInformationTransfer could be:

[0192] For example, the ULInformationTransfer message can be used for uplink transmission of NAS or non-3GPP specific information, or IAB-DU specific F1-C related information.

[0193] - Signaling Radio Bearer: SRB2 or SRB1 (e.g., only if SRB2 is not yet established). For example, if SRB2 is suspended, the UE may not transmit this message until SRB2 is resumed. For example, if only dedicatedInfoF1c is included, SRB2 may be used.

[0194] - RLC-SAP: AM

[0195] - Logical channel: DCCH

[0196] - Direction: From UE to network

[0197] Meanwhile, the RRC DLInformationTransfer received from the UE can be delivered to the upper layer.

[0198] For example, the reception of DLInformationTransfer by the UE may be as follows.

[0199] For example, upon receiving a DLInformationTransfer message, the UE may:

[0200] 1> If dedicatedNAS-Message is included:

[0201] 2> dedicatedNAS-Message can be forwarded to the upper layer.

[0202] Additionally, for example, a ULInformationTransfer message can be created / forwarded including NAS PDU information received from an upper layer.

[0203] For example, actions related to sending a ULInformationTransfer message might be as follows:

[0204] For example, the UE can set the content of the ULInformationTransfer message as follows:

[0205] 1> If the upper layer provides NAS PDUs:

[0206] 2> You can configure dedicatedNAS-Message to include information received from the upper layer.

[0207] Meanwhile, in conventional positioning, when the control plane transport method is used, the LPP PDU is transmitted in the form of a NAS container (e.g., DL / UL NAS transport messages), so the RRC layer cannot interpret it (e.g., because it is not in RRC format), and the RRC layer that receives the NAS container message can simply forward the message to the upper layer (e.g., NAS layer). For example, when the user plane transport method is used, the LPP PDU can be transmitted as one of the application data through the TCP layer as IP data. Therefore, the LPP PDU can only be interpreted at the application layer.

[0208] For example, in the case of this NAS container method (or the method of transmitting IP data via TCP), since LPP is a one-to-one communication between the UE and the LMF (or AMF) existing on the core network, there may be no need to interpret the message at the RRC layer, i.e., the base station. However, for example, sensing data in ISAC can be useful to the base station. For example, in sensing-assisted communication, sensing data can be utilized for beam forming of the base station. For example, if the sensing data is transmitted in the conventional NAS / RRC container method, it may be difficult or impossible for the base station to analyze the data.

[0209] For example, unlike the above, ISAC sensing data may be data that can be / needs to be analyzed in the sensing server or 3rd party application layer that exists on the core network rather than the base station. In this case, for example, the sensing data may need to be transmitted to the 3rd party application and / or sensing server that exists on the core network rather than the base station. For example, this may vary depending on the sensor type. For example, in the case of a 3GPP sensor, the sensing data can be interpreted / utilized in the 3GPP node / entity, and in the case of a non-3GPP sensor type, it may be useful to quickly transmit the sensing data to a 3rd party.

[0210] In addition, for example, since RRC messages are based on a format exclusive to the RRC layer, which is the AS (Access Stratum) layer, their formats may be different from those of the NAS layer or application layer. Therefore, even if the base station forwards the RRC message generated by the UE to a higher layer (e.g., AMF, LMF, SF, 3rd party server, etc.), the message cannot be directly interpreted by the NAS layer or application server. In this case, for example, if the base station or intermediate node does not perform format conversion or data interpretation (e.g., parsing), the higher layer may not be able to utilize the data. Therefore, for example, the flexibility of message forwarding including sensing data and the usability of the higher layer may be severely limited, and the delay and complexity of the system may be increased.

[0211] Alternatively, for example, if the base station does not know the destination or format of a received message (e.g., if the message is delivered in an LPP or NAS container format), it may be difficult to determine whether simply forwarding the data to the upper layer is appropriate. This could result in unnecessary parsing or message discarding at the base station, which could waste network resources or potentially lead to message loss.

[0212] Therefore, to solve the above-described problem, a method of transporting the sensing data in a manner that can be interpreted by a 3GPP base station and / or a 3GPP core network and / or a 3rd party server may be required.

[0213] In this disclosure, a transport method for effectively transmitting various sensing data having different destinations for different sensor types and a device supporting the same are proposed as follows.

[0214] Proposal 1. Transport using the unified ASN.1 format and destination information.

[0215] For example, the sender of the sensing message / data (e.g., UE and / or base station) may generate the sensing data in a unified ASN.1 format. For example, a unified ASN.1 format may mean generating the sensing data in a single unified format that can be interpreted by the base station, the core network, and a third-party server.

[0216] For example, this could technically be achieved by introducing a unified ASN.1 format, but the existing container method has limitations in effectively conveying it, and a new method is required.

[0217] For example, a base station that receives sensing data may need to decide whether to demodulate (e.g., parse ASN.1) and utilize the data or forward it to the core network. For example, if a unified format is used, the base station can interpret all of it and then decide whether to forward it to the core network after interpretation (e.g., based on the interpretation result). However, in this case, unnecessary message demodulation (e.g., parsing ASN.1) and / or interpretation (e.g., data processing) time may be required. Furthermore, for example, the sensing data may need to be transmitted to a sensing server existing on the 3GPP core network, or to a third-party server connected to the 3GPP network. For example, even in these cases, simply forwarding it to the core network may not be enough.

[0218] For this purpose, for example, when transmitting sensing data from a UE to a base station, it can be transmitted by RRC import. Alternatively, for example, when transmitting sensing data to a core network and / or a third-party server, it can be transmitted by RRC containing, and the final destination can be transmitted separately.

[0219] For this purpose, for example, sensing data can be transmitted by specifying a final destination upon transmission. Here, for example, the final destination information can be categorized into various types, such as a UE, a base station, a sensing server, or a third-party server. Or, for example, it can be composed of a combination of these.

[0220] For example, for efficient transmission of sensing data, destination information may be included in the header of the sensing message / data.

[0221] For example, a destination may be included as shown in Figure 9 below.

[0222] FIG. 11 illustrates a method for including destination information in a message generated based on a unified ASN.1 format, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 11 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0223] Referring to FIG. 11, a destination of the sensing data may be included in the header of the sensing message / data, and the destination may be at least one of a user equipment (UE), a base station (BS), a sensing server (e.g., a sensing function (SF), a sensing management function (SMF), a location management function (LMF)), or a third party server (1100).

[0224] Here, for example, not only the destination, but also the address or identifier of the destination can be specified. For example, if the destination is a UE, the UE ID can be included.

[0225] Alternatively, for example, for efficient transmission of sensing data, destination information may be included in ASN.1 tag information.

[0226] FIG. 12 illustrates a method for including destination information in ASN.1 tag information, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 12 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0227] For example, when transmitting a sensing message / data to a BS (base station), the destination may be included in the tag information as shown in FIG. 10.

[0228] Proposal 2. Use of an independent ASN.1 format and transport utilizing format version information.

[0229] For example, independent ASN.1 formats could mean, similar to conventional data, that sensing data is generated and transmitted in different formats that can be interpreted by each base station, core network, or third-party server. For example, sensing data may be generated in different formats depending on the final destination.

[0230] For example, sensing data transmitted in a base station format can be interpreted and used at the base station, and sensing data transmitted in a core network format can be transmitted to a higher layer.

[0231] Here, for example, a base station receiving sensing data may not know whether it can decode the data (e.g., ASN.1 parse), so it may first attempt to interpret it or at least check the ASN.1 format.

[0232] For example, if a base station can interpret sensing data, it can utilize that data. However, determining whether that data can also be utilized by the core network can be challenging. For example, if the data is available to the core network, it can be translated into a format the core network can interpret and transmit, but this can incur additional delays.

[0233] For example, if the base station cannot interpret the sensing data (e.g., ASN.1 parsing failure), it may additionally require a determination as to whether there is a problem with the sensing data or whether the sensing data should be forwarded to the core network. Therefore, for example, to efficiently forward the sensing data, the sensing data may include information about the format (or destination) that generated the corresponding PDU.

[0234] For example, instead of using the conventional ASN1START / ASN1STOP, you can use tags such as ASN1START-V10 / ASN1START-V10 that include version information.

[0235] FIG. 13 illustrates a method for including version information in a format associated with a message, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 13 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0236] For example, this version information may be different for each destination (e.g., base station, sensing function, sensing management function, location management function, access and mobility management function, 3rd party server, etc.), so the information must be distinguished. For example, assuming that the base station uses the ASN.1 format of V10, the example of FIG. 11 can be considered as a message transmitted to the base station.

[0237] Proposal 3. Transport by specifying different destinations for each IE (information element) within a single message.

[0238] For example, the destination or version information described above may be transmitted as a separate IE (information element) unit rather than as a single message / data unit.

[0239] For example, a single message can be created / transmitted by including all information regarding various destinations within an ISAC-Capability message. For example, a BS (or SF, or SMF, etc.) receiving the message can decrypt only the IEs destined for it, and forward other messages (e.g., IEs not destined for it) to other destinations without decryption.

[0240] FIG. 14 illustrates a method for including destination information in a message on an IE basis, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 14 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0241] Referring to FIG. 14, destination information may be included in a message on an IE basis. For example, information related to a message transmitted to a BS (1410), a message transmitted to an SF (1420), a message transmitted to an SMF (1430), and a message transmitted to a third-party server (1440) may be included, respectively.

[0242] The methods proposed in this disclosure can be combined. For example, destination and version information can be combined and used. Furthermore, for example, these can be transmitted separately for each IE unit.

[0243] Although the present disclosure has been described using a 5G wireless communication system as an example, it can be equally applied / used to a 6G wireless communication system, etc.

[0244] FIG. 15 illustrates a method for transmitting a message containing sensing data to multiple destinations, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 15 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0245] Referring to FIG. 15, in step S1510, the UE may perform sensing based on a sensing signal. For example, in the case of monostatic sensing, the UE may perform sensing by transmitting a sensing signal to a target sensing area or a target object and receiving the reflected sensing signal. Alternatively, for example, in the case of bistatic sensing, the UE (sensing receiver) may perform sensing by receiving a sensing signal transmitted from another UE (sensing transmitter) or a base station and reflected from a target sensing area or a target object.

[0246] In step S1520, the UE may generate a message including the sensing data acquired by performing sensing. For example, if the sensing data of the UE can be utilized not only by the base station but also by the core network (or, sensing server (e.g., sensing function (SF) or sensing management function (SMF))) or a third-party server, the UE may generate a message including the sensing data based on a format that can be interpreted not only by the base station but also by the core network (or, sensing server (e.g., sensing function (SF) or sensing management function (SMF))) or a third-party server. In addition, for example, even if the sensing data of the UE can be utilized not only by the base station but also by the core network (or, sensing server (e.g., sensing function (SF) or sensing management function (SMF))) or a third-party server, information related to a specific destination (or final destination) of the sensing data may be included in the message. For example, a specific destination (or final destination) of sensing data may be at least one of a base station, a core network (or a sensing server (e.g., a sensing function (SF) or a sensing management function (SMF))), or a third-party server. For example, information related to a specific destination (or final destination) of sensing data may be included in a header of a message or inserted as tag information.

[0247] In step S1530, if the message generated by the UE is an RRC message, the UE may transmit the message to the base station. For example, even if the message generated by the UE is transmitted to the base station, the specific destination (or final destination) of the sensing data included in the message may be a core network (or a sensing server (e.g., a sensing function (SF) or a sensing management function (SMF))) rather than the base station. In this case, for example, although the message is generated based on a unified format and the base station can interpret (or parse) the entire content, since the message includes information about the destination of the sensing data, the base station can determine that the destination of the sensing data included in the message is not itself even if it does not interpret (or parse) the entire message.

[0248] In step S1540, the base station may transmit / forward the sensing data to a specific destination (or final destination) of the sensing data included in the message based on a determination that the sensing data included in the message is not a destination. For example, if the specific destination (or final destination) of the sensing data included in the message is a core network (or a sensing server (e.g., a sensing function (SF) or a sensing management function (SMF)), the base station may transmit / forward the corresponding sensing data to the core network (or a sensing server (e.g., a sensing function (SF) or a sensing management function (SMF)).

[0249] In step S1550, the core network (or sensing server (e.g., SF (sensing function) or SMF (sensing management function))), which is a specific destination (or final destination) of the sensing data acquired by the UE, can perform action(s) for the sensing service triggered based on the sensing data received from the base station.

[0250] FIG. 16 illustrates a method for a first device to perform wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 16 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0251] Referring to FIG. 16, in step S1610, the first device may obtain sensing data based on the measurement of a sensing signal. In step S1620, the first device may generate an RRC (radio resource control) message including the sensing data. In step S1630, the first device may transmit the RRC message. For example, the RRC message may include information about at least one destination related to the sensing data.

[0252] For example, the information about the at least one destination may include information related to at least one of a user equipment (UE), a base station, a sensing server, or a third party server.

[0253] For example, the RRC message may be transmitted to a first destination. And, for example, based on the fact that the destination of the sensing data is a second destination other than the first destination, information related to the second destination may be included in information about the at least one destination. For example, the RRC message may be generated based on a format that is interpretable by the first destination and the second destination. For example, based on the fact that the information related to the second destination is included in the information about the at least one destination, the sensing data may be transmitted from the first destination to the second destination without interpretation of the sensing data included in the RRC message at the first destination.

[0254] For example, information about the at least one destination may be included in the header of the RRC message.

[0255] For example, information about at least one destination may be included in tag information of the RRC message.

[0256] For example, the information about the at least one destination may include an address of the at least one destination or an identifier of the at least one destination.

[0257] For example, based on the RRC message being generated in a format interpretable by the destination of the sensing data, version information of the format may be included in the RRC message. For example, based on the version information of the format, the destination of the sensing data may be identified. For example, the version information of the format may be included in the tag information of the RRC message.

[0258] For example, the RRC message may include an information element mapped to each of the at least one destination.

[0259] For example, a first information element mapped to a first destination among the at least one destination may be interpreted at the first destination. And, for example, a second information element other than the first information element may be transmitted from the first destination to a second destination mapped to the second information element without interpretation at the first destination.

[0260] The proposed method can be applied to devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. First, the processor (102) of the first device (100) can obtain sensing data based on the measurement of a sensing signal. Then, the processor (102) of the first device (100) can generate an RRC (radio resource control) message including the sensing data. Then, the processor (102) of the first device (100) can control the transceiver (106) to transmit the RRC message. For example, the RRC message can include information about at least one destination related to the sensing data.

[0261] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first device configured to perform wireless communication may be provided. For example, the first device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause the first device to: acquire sensing data based on measurement of a sensing signal; generate a radio resource control (RRC) message including the sensing data; and transmit the RRC message. For example, the RRC message may include information about at least one destination associated with the sensing data.

[0262] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device configured to control a first device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause the first device to: acquire sensing data based on measurement of a sensing signal; generate a radio resource control (RRC) message including the sensing data; and transmit the RRC message. For example, the RRC message may include information regarding at least one destination associated with the sensing data.

[0263] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon may be provided. For example, the instructions, when executed, may cause a first device to: acquire sensing data based on measurement of a sensing signal; generate a radio resource control (RRC) message including the sensing data; and transmit the RRC message. For example, the RRC message may include information regarding at least one destination associated with the sensing data.

[0264] FIG. 17 illustrates a method for a second device to perform wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 17 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0265] Referring to FIG. 17, in step S1710, the second device may receive, from the first device, an RRC (radio resource control) message including sensing data and information about at least one destination related to the sensing data. In step S1720, the second device may transmit the sensing data to the at least one destination based on the fact that information related to the destination of the second device is not included in the information about the at least one destination. For example, the format of the RRC message may be a format interpretable by the second device and the at least one destination.

[0266] The proposed method can be applied to devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. First, the processor (202) of the second device (200) can control the transceiver (206) to receive, from the first device, an RRC (radio resource control) message including sensing data and information about at least one destination related to the sensing data. Then, the processor (202) of the second device (200) can control the transceiver (206) to transmit the sensing data to the at least one destination based on the fact that information related to the destination of the second device is not included in the information about the at least one destination. For example, the format of the RRC message can be a format that can be interpreted by the second device and the at least one destination.

[0267] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a second device configured to perform wireless communication may be provided. For example, the second device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause the second device to: receive, from a first device, a radio resource control (RRC) message including sensed data and information regarding at least one destination associated with the sensed data; and transmit the sensed data to the at least one destination based on the fact that information regarding the destination of the second device is not included in the information regarding the at least one destination. For example, the format of the RRC message may be a format interpretable by the second device and the at least one destination.

[0268] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device configured to control a second device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause the second device to: receive, from a first device, a radio resource control (RRC) message including sensed data and information regarding at least one destination associated with the sensed data; and transmit the sensed data to the at least one destination based on the fact that information regarding the destination of the second device is not included in the information regarding the at least one destination. For example, the format of the RRC message may be a format interpretable by the second device and the at least one destination.

[0269] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon may be provided. For example, the instructions, when executed, may cause a second device to: receive, from a first device, a radio resource control (RRC) message including sensed data and information about at least one destination associated with the sensed data; and transmit the sensed data to the at least one destination based on the second device's destination-related information not being included in the information about the at least one destination. For example, the format of the RRC message may be a format interpretable by the second device and the at least one destination.

[0270] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, by generating messages in a unified format that can be interpreted by various destinations and including destination information in the messages, the following effects can be expected. For example, the one-to-one transmission limitations of conventional container-based transmission structures can be overcome, and messages can be more flexibly transmitted and utilized for multiple destinations. Alternatively, by explicitly including the destination of sensing data in an RRC message, a base station, core network, or third-party server can directly process or parse the sensing data according to its own interpretability. In this case, the load of separate format analysis or conversion at the base station or intermediate node can be reduced, and delays can also be significantly reduced. Alternatively, by including format version information or an ASN.1 format identifier in the message, the receiving end can preemptively determine whether the message is interpretable and, if necessary, decide whether to parse or forward it. In this case, for example, unnecessary parsing attempts, message discards, waste of network resources, and message loss can be prevented. Alternatively, for example, a message containing destination information, format version information, identifiers, etc. can be guaranteed to be accurately delivered to the final destination without interpretation by an intermediate node, thereby improving the reliability of message transmission.

[0271] The various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other.

[0272] Below, a description is given of devices to which various embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied.

[0273] Although not limited thereto, the various descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be applied to various fields requiring wireless communication / connectivity (e.g., 5G) between devices.

[0274] Hereinafter, more specific examples will be provided with reference to the drawings. In the drawings / descriptions below, the same drawing reference numerals may represent identical or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, or functional blocks, unless otherwise described.

[0275] Fig. 18 illustrates a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of Fig. 18 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0276] Referring to FIG. 18, a communication system (1) to which various embodiments of the present disclosure are applied includes a wireless device, a base station, and a network. Here, the wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using a wireless access technology (e.g., 5G NR (New RAT), LTE (Long Term Evolution)) and may be referred to as a communication / wireless / 5G device. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may include a robot (100a), a vehicle (100b-1, 100b-2), an XR (eXtended Reality) device (100c), a hand-held device (100d), a home appliance (100e), an IoT (Internet of Things) device (100f), and an AI device / server (400). For example, the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with a wireless communication function, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing vehicle-to-vehicle communication, etc. Here, the vehicle may include an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone) and / or an Aerial Vehicle (AV) (e.g., an Advanced Air Mobility (AAM)). The XR device may include an Augmented Reality (AR) / Virtual Reality (VR) / Mixed Reality (MR) device, and may be implemented in the form of a Head-Mounted Device (HMD), a Head-Up Display (HUD) equipped in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The portable device may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses), a computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.), etc. The home appliance may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, etc. The IoT device may include a sensor, a smart meter, etc. For example, a base station and a network may also be implemented as a wireless device, and a specific wireless device (200a) may operate as a base station / network node to other wireless devices.

[0277] Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification may include not only LTE, NR, and 6G, but also Narrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication. At this time, for example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology, and may be implemented with standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. At this time, for example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology, and may be called by various names such as eMTC (enhanced Machine Type Communication). For example, LTE-M technology can be implemented by at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-Bandwidth Limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine Type Communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification can include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) considering low-power communication, and is not limited to the above-described names. For example, ZigBee technology can create personal area networks (PAN) related to small / low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and can be called by various names.

[0278] Wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to a network (300) via a base station (200). Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology can be applied to the wireless devices (100a to 100f), and the wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to an AI server (400) via the network (300). The network (300) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR) network, etc. The wireless devices (100a to 100f) can communicate with each other via the base station (200) / network (300), but can also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the base station / network. For example, vehicles (100b-1, 100b-2) can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) / V2X (Vehicle to Everything) communication). In addition, IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can communicate directly with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices (100a to 100f).

[0279] Wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can be established between wireless devices (100a~100f) / base stations (200), and base stations (200) / base stations (200). Here, wireless communication / connection can be achieved through various wireless access technologies (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink / downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or, D2D communication), and communication between base stations (150c) (e.g., relay, IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul). Through wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c), wireless devices and base stations / wireless devices, and base stations and base stations can transmit / receive wireless signals to each other. For example, wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can transmit / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, at least some of various configuration information setting processes for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), and resource allocation processes can be performed based on various proposals of the present disclosure.

[0280] FIG. 19 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 19 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0281] Referring to FIG. 19, the first wireless device (100) and the second wireless device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals through various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, NR). Here, {the first wireless device (100), the second wireless device (200)} can correspond to {the wireless device (100x), the base station (200)} and / or {the wireless device (100x), the wireless device (100x)} of FIG. 18.

[0282] A first wireless device (100) includes one or more processors (102) and one or more memories (104), and may further include one or more transceivers (106) and / or one or more antennas (108). The processor (102) controls the memories (104) and / or the transceivers (106), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (102) may process information in the memory (104) to generate first information / signal, and then transmit a wireless signal including the first information / signal via the transceiver (106). Furthermore, the processor (102) may receive a wireless signal including second information / signal via the transceiver (106), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory (104). The memory (104) may be connected to the processor (102) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (102). For example, the memory (104) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (102), or may store software code including commands for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (102) and the memory (104) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (106) may be connected to the processor (102) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (108). The transceiver (106) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (106) may be used interchangeably with an RF (Radio Frequency) unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0283] A second wireless device (200) includes one or more processors (202), one or more memories (204), and may further include one or more transceivers (206) and / or one or more antennas (208). The processor (202) controls the memories (204) and / or the transceivers (206), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (202) may process information in the memory (204) to generate third information / signals, and then transmit a wireless signal including the third information / signals via the transceivers (206). In addition, the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal including fourth information / signals via the transceivers (206), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the fourth information / signals in the memory (204). The memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, the memory (204) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202), or may store software code including commands for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (202) and the memory (204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (208). The transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (206) may be used interchangeably with an RF unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0284] Hereinafter, the hardware elements of the wireless device (100, 200) will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202). For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, SDAP). One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) can generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals and / or methods disclosed herein, and provide the signals to one or more transceivers (106, 206). One or more processors (102, 202) can receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and obtain PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.

[0285] One or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a microcomputer. One or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software configured to perform one or more processors (102, 202) or stored in one or more memories (104, 204) and driven by one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of codes, instructions and / or sets of instructions.

[0286] One or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be configured as ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be located internally and / or externally to the one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, the one or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to the one or more processors (102, 202) via various technologies, such as wired or wireless connections.

[0287] One or more transceivers (106, 206) can transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the methods and / or flowcharts of this document, to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers (106, 206) can receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or flowcharts of this document, from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers (106, 206) can be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and can transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, one or more processors (102, 202) can control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be coupled to one or more antennas (108, 208), and one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, or the like, as referred to in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein, via one or more antennas (108, 208). In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers (106, 206) can convert received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202).One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. processed by one or more processors (102, 202) from baseband signals to RF band signals. For this purpose, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include an (analog) oscillator and / or filter.

[0288] FIG. 20 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 20 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0289] Referring to FIG. 20, the signal processing circuit (1000) may include a scrambler (1010), a modulator (1020), a layer mapper (1030), a precoder (1040), a resource mapper (1050), and a signal generator (1060). Although not limited thereto, the operations / functions of FIG. 20 may be performed in the processor (102, 202) and / or the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 19. The hardware elements of FIG. 20 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) and / or the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 19. For example, blocks 1010 to 1060 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 19. Additionally, blocks 1010 to 1050 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 19, and block 1060 may be implemented in the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 19.

[0290] The codeword can be converted into a wireless signal through the signal processing circuit (1000) of FIG. 20. Here, the codeword is an encoded bit sequence of an information block. The information block can include a transport block (e.g., an UL-SCH transport block, a DL-SCH transport block). The wireless signal can be transmitted through various physical channels (e.g., a PUSCH or a PDSCH).

[0291] Specifically, the codeword can be converted into a bit sequence scrambled by a scrambler (1010). The scramble sequence used for scrambling is generated based on an initialization value, and the initialization value may include ID information of the wireless device, etc. The scrambled bit sequence can be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by a modulator (1020). The modulation method may include pi / 2-BPSK (pi / 2-Binary Phase Shift Keying), m-PSK (m-Phase Shift Keying), m-QAM (m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), etc. The complex modulation symbol sequence can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by a layer mapper (1030). The modulation symbols of each transmission layer can be mapped to the corresponding antenna port(s) by a precoder (1040) (precoding). The output z of the precoder (1040) can be obtained by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper (1030) by a precoding matrix W of N*M. Here, N is the number of antenna ports, and M is the number of transmission layers. Here, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT transform) on complex modulation symbols. In addition, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0292] The resource mapper (1050) can map modulation symbols of each antenna port to time-frequency resources. The time-frequency resources can include multiple symbols (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols, DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) in the time domain and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. The signal generator (1060) generates a wireless signal from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated wireless signal can be transmitted to another device through each antenna. To this end, the signal generator (1060) can include an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) module, a Cyclic Prefix (CP) inserter, a Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), a frequency uplink converter, etc.

[0293] The signal processing process for receiving signals in a wireless device can be configured in reverse order of the signal processing process (1010 to 1060) of FIG. 20. For example, a wireless device (e.g., 100, 200 of FIG. 19) can receive wireless signals from the outside through an antenna port / transceiver. The received wireless signals can be converted into baseband signals through a signal restorer. For this purpose, the signal restorer can include a frequency downlink converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a fast Fourier transform (FFT) module. Thereafter, the baseband signal can be restored to a codeword through a resource demapper process, a postcoding process, a demodulation process, and a descrambling process. The codewords can be restored to the original information blocks through decoding. Accordingly, a signal processing circuit (not shown) for a received signal may include a signal restorer, a resource de-mapper, a postcoder, a demodulator, a de-scrambler, and a decoder.

[0294] Figure 21 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The wireless device may be implemented in various forms depending on the use case / service (see Figure 18). The embodiment of Figure 21 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0295] Referring to FIG. 21, the wireless device (100, 200) corresponds to the wireless device (100, 200) of FIG. 19 and may be composed of various elements, components, units / units, and / or modules. For example, the wireless device (100, 200) may include a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), and additional elements (140). The communication unit may include a communication circuit (112) and a transceiver(s) (114). For example, the communication circuit (112) may include one or more processors (102, 202) and / or one or more memories (104, 204) of FIG. 19. For example, the transceiver(s) (114) may include one or more transceivers (106, 206) and / or one or more antennas (108, 208) of FIG. 19. The control unit (120) is electrically connected to the communication unit (110), the memory unit (130), and the additional elements (140) and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit (120) may control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on the program / code / command / information stored in the memory unit (130). In addition, the control unit (120) may transmit information stored in the memory unit (130) to an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface through the communication unit (110), or store information received from an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface in the memory unit (130).

[0296] The additional element (140) may be configured in various ways depending on the type of the wireless device. For example, the additional element (140) may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output unit (I / O unit), a driving unit, and a computing unit. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may be implemented in the form of a robot (Fig. 18, 100a), a vehicle (Fig. 18, 100b-1, 100b-2), an XR device (Fig. 18, 100c), a portable device (Fig. 18, 100d), a home appliance (Fig. 18, 100e), an IoT device (Fig. 18, 100f), a digital broadcasting terminal, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, a medical device, a fintech device (or a financial device), a security device, a climate / environmental device, an AI server / device (Fig. 18, 400), a base station (Fig. 18, 200), a network node, etc. Wireless devices may be mobile or stationary depending on the use / service.

[0297] In FIG. 21, various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules within the wireless device (100, 200) may be entirely interconnected via a wired interface, or at least some may be wirelessly connected via a communication unit (110). For example, within the wireless device (100, 200), the control unit (120) and the communication unit (110) may be wired, and the control unit (120) and the first unit (e.g., 130, 140) may be wirelessly connected via the communication unit (110). In addition, each element, component, unit / part, and / or module within the wireless device (100, 200) may further include one or more elements. For example, the control unit (120) may be configured as one or more processor sets. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an electronic control unit (ECU), a graphics processing processor, a memory control processor, etc. As another example, the memory unit (130) may be composed of a random access memory (RAM), a dynamic RAM (DRAM), a read only memory (ROM), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and / or a combination thereof.

[0298] Below, the implementation example of Fig. 21 is described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

[0299] FIG. 22 illustrates a mobile device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The mobile device may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smartglasses), or a portable computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.). The mobile device may be referred to as a Mobile Station (MS), a User Terminal (UT), a Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS), a Subscriber Station (SS), an Advanced Mobile Station (AMS), or a Wireless Terminal (WT). The embodiment of FIG. 22 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0300] Referring to FIG. 22, the portable device (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), a power supply unit (140a), an interface unit (140b), and an input / output unit (140c). The antenna unit (108) may be configured as a part of the communication unit (110). Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c correspond to blocks 110 to 130 / 140 of FIG. 21, respectively.

[0301] The communication unit (110) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with other wireless devices and base stations. The control unit (120) can control components of the mobile device (100) to perform various operations. The control unit (120) can include an AP (Application Processor). The memory unit (130) can store data / parameters / programs / codes / commands required for operating the mobile device (100). In addition, the memory unit (130) can store input / output data / information, etc. The power supply unit (140a) supplies power to the mobile device (100) and can include a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The interface unit (140b) can support connection between the mobile device (100) and other external devices. The interface unit (140b) can include various ports (e.g., audio input / output ports, video input / output ports) for connection with external devices. The input / output unit (140c) can input or output video information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information input from a user. The input / output unit (140c) may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit (140d), a speaker, and / or a haptic module.

[0302] For example, in the case of data communication, the input / output unit (140c) obtains information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, video) input by the user, and the obtained information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130). The communication unit (110) converts the information / signals stored in the memory into wireless signals, and can directly transmit the converted wireless signals to other wireless devices or to a base station. In addition, the communication unit (110) can receive wireless signals from other wireless devices or base stations, and then restore the received wireless signals to the original information / signals. The restored information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130) and then output in various forms (e.g., text, voice, image, video, haptic) through the input / output unit (140c).

[0303] The claims set forth in this specification may be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features of the method claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method. Furthermore, the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method.

Claims

1. In the method, A first device, comprising: a step of acquiring sensing data based on measurement of a sensing signal; A step of generating an RRC (radio resource control) message including the sensing data; and A step of transmitting the RRC message; including: A method wherein the RRC message includes information about at least one destination associated with the sensing data.

2. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the information about at least one destination includes information related to at least one of a user equipment (UE), a base station, a sensing server, or a third party server.

3. In paragraph 1, The above RRC message is transmitted to the first destination, and A method wherein, based on the destination of the sensing data being a second destination other than the first destination, information related to the second destination is included in information about at least one destination.

4. In paragraph 3, A method wherein the RRC message is generated based on a format interpretable by the first destination and the second destination.

5. In paragraph 4, A method wherein the sensing data is transmitted from the first destination to the second destination without interpretation of the sensing data included in the RRC message at the first destination, based on the information related to the second destination being included in the information about the at least one destination.

6. In paragraph 1, A method wherein information about at least one destination is included in a header of the RRC message.

7. In paragraph 1, A method wherein information about at least one destination is included in tag information of the RRC message.

8. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the information about at least one destination comprises an address of the at least one destination or an identifier of the at least one destination.

9. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the RRC message is generated in a format interpretable at the destination of the sensing data, and version information of the format is included in the RRC message.

10. In paragraph 9, A method in which the destination of the sensing data is identified based on the version information of the above format.

11. In paragraph 9, A method wherein the version information of the above format is included in the tag information of the RRC message.

12. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the RRC message includes an information element mapped to each of the at least one destination.

13. In paragraph 12, A first information element mapped to a first destination among the at least one destination is interpreted at the first destination, and A method in which a second information element other than the first information element is transmitted from the first destination to the second destination mapped to the second information element without interpretation at the first destination.

14. In the first device, At least one transmitter / receiver; at least one processor; and At least one memory connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions, said instructions being executed by said at least one processor, wherein said first device causes: Acquire sensing data based on measurement of sensing signals; Generate an RRC (radio resource control) message including the sensing data; and To transmit the above RRC message, A first device, wherein the RRC message includes information about at least one destination associated with the sensing data.

15. In a processing device set to control the first device, at least one processor; and At least one memory connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions, said instructions being executed by said at least one processor, wherein said first device causes: Acquire sensing data based on measurement of sensing signals; Generate an RRC (radio resource control) message including the sensing data; and To transmit the above RRC message, A processing device, wherein the RRC message includes information about at least one destination associated with the sensing data.

16. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that records commands, The above commands, when executed, cause the first device to: Acquire sensing data based on measurement of sensing signals; Generate an RRC (radio resource control) message including the sensing data; and To transmit the above RRC message, A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, wherein the RRC message includes information about at least one destination associated with the sensing data.

17. In the method, A step in which a second device receives, from a first device, an RRC (radio resource control) message including sensing data and information about at least one destination related to the sensing data; and A step of transmitting the sensing data to the at least one destination based on the fact that information related to the destination of the second device is not included in the information about the at least one destination; A method wherein the format of the RRC message is a format interpretable by the second device and the at least one destination.

18. In the second device, At least one transmitter / receiver; at least one processor; and At least one memory connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions, said instructions being executed by said at least one processor, wherein said second device causes: Receive, from a first device, an RRC (radio resource control) message including sensing data and information about at least one destination associated with the sensing data; and Based on the fact that information related to the destination of the second device is not included in the information about the at least one destination, the sensing data is transmitted to the at least one destination. A second device, wherein the format of the RRC message is a format interpretable by the second device and the at least one destination.

19. In a processing device set to control a second device, at least one processor; and At least one memory connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions, said instructions being executed by said at least one processor, wherein said second device causes: Receive, from a first device, an RRC (radio resource control) message including sensing data and information about at least one destination associated with the sensing data; and Based on the fact that information related to the destination of the second device is not included in the information about the at least one destination, the sensing data is transmitted to the at least one destination. A processing device, wherein the format of the RRC message is a format interpretable by the second device and the at least one destination.

20. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that records commands, The above commands, when executed, cause the second device to: Receive, from a first device, an RRC (radio resource control) message including sensing data and information about at least one destination associated with the sensing data; and Based on the fact that information related to the destination of the second device is not included in the information about the at least one destination, the sensing data is transmitted to the at least one destination. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, wherein the format of the RRC message is a format interpretable by the second device and the at least one destination.

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