Electromechanical transducer for acting on gas-containing liquid

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of pumping equipment adapted for pumping a gas-containing liquid by acting on said liquid using a medium released from the gas-containing liquid itself. An electromechanical transducer comprises a container, a winding, and a core made of a magnetostrictive or piezoceramic material. The core has a vibration concentrating waveguide disposed thereon, wherein a surface of the latter that serves to act on a gas-containing liquid is situated outside of the container. Disposed on the side surface of the vibration concentrating waveguide, in a region of zero vibration amplitude, is a protruding member which is connected to the container. On the surface of the container there is a fastening means for securing same, with clearance, to an outer housing in such a way that the outer surface of the container that is free of the fastening means is capable of interacting with the gas-containing liquid. Furthermore, the container fastening means forms passages for the gas-containing liquid. The technical result consists in reducing the transmission of vibrations from the electromechanical transducer to an external suspension means, while also cooling the device by means of the gas-containing liquid.

Description

[0001] ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCER FOR INFLUENCE ON GASEOUS LIQUID

[0002] Field of technology

[0003] The invention relates to pumping equipment that enables the pumping of gas-containing liquids by exposing them to a medium released from the gas-containing liquid itself. Specifically, the invention can be used in a device for lifting gas-containing liquids from underground reservoirs, including wells, in downhole equipment incorporating such lifting means, and in a method for lifting gas-containing liquids from a well to its wellhead.

[0004] The presented solution proposes lifting fluid from a well using gas, which, during storage, is dissolved within the gas-containing liquid itself. Such liquids primarily include oil with increased or high gas content. However, the presented invention can also be applied to other liquids containing dissolved gases.

[0005] Prior art

[0006] A prior art discloses a means for influencing a gas-containing liquid, specifically for creating a gas lift using gases present in the gas-containing liquid itself. This means utilizes high-frequency stimulation of the gas-containing liquid, resulting in its degassing and the release of dissolved gases. In this known means, the gas-liquid mixture is formed using an electromechanical transducer containing a winding and a core made of magnetostrictive material. A vibrating circuit, formed as a casing rigidly attached to the core, is installed around the core in this solution. A cable serves as an external suspension for the electromechanical transducer, lowering the transducer to the required depth in the well (see RU 2083796 C1, published July 10, 1997, Figs. 1-3).

[0007] This solution is designed to separate gas from a gas-containing liquid using an outer casing rigidly connected to the core, which increases the efficiency of the electromechanical converter. However, this solution also has a significant drawback: if the electromechanical converter needs to be mounted on a rigid support, such as a tubing string, all vibrations generated during operation will also be transmitted to the support. This reduces the reliability and durability of both the connection between the electromechanical converter and the support, as well as the connections within the support itself. Specifically, threaded connections between individual pipes may fail under conditions of increased vibration.In this regard, there is a need for a mount for electromechanical converters that will reduce the impact of vibrations arising from its operation on the external suspension.

[0008] Also known from the prior art is a means of influencing a gas-containing liquid using an electromechanical transducer mounted on a tubing string. In this solution, a waveguide-oscillation concentrator is attached to one end of the electromechanical transducer's core, mounted inside the housing on a partition that divides the housing into two halves. Fluid communication between the two housing halves is ensured through a through-hole in the waveguide-oscillation concentrator (see RU 2081995 C1, published June 20, 1997).

[0009] This solution allows the use of gases present in the liquid itself to lift gas-containing liquids. However, given the design features of this solution, it also has certain drawbacks. During operation, the electromechanical converter experiences wear and partial destruction of its surface, which interacts with the gas-containing liquid. This destruction can be caused by both the erosive action of the gas-containing liquid, which often contains various solid particles, and by the inevitable cavitation processes that occur during the operation of the electromechanical converter, including the collapse of bubbles containing gas released from the liquid. As a result, the surfaces of the core, winding, and waveguide concentrator can lose their original shape, which, under high-frequency vibrations, can introduce additional vibrations that were not accounted for in the design of the electromechanical converter.However, these must also be compensated for or reduced to maintain the long-term performance of the device. Examples of such failure include core wear, overheating and short-circuiting of winding wires, and chipping of the side surface of the waveguide-concentrator. As a result, the waveguide-concentrator's center of gravity is likely to shift from its axis, resulting in vibrations perpendicular to this axis. Consequently, there is a need in the art to find solutions to improve the reliability and durability of electromechanical transducers and their mounting systems on borehole suspensions.

[0010] The technical challenge is to address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing solutions. Specifically, the goal is to improve the reliability and durability of the electromechanical converter and its external mounting system.

[0011] Disclosure of invention

[0012] The technical result achieved by using the claimed electromechanical converter consists of reducing the transmission of vibrations of the electromechanical converter to the external suspension while simultaneously cooling the device with a gas-containing liquid.

[0013] The technical result is achieved by an electromechanical transducer for influencing a gas-containing liquid, comprising a core with a winding placed thereon, formed using a material that changes its dimensions when electrical energy is applied to the winding, as well as an outer housing and a container secured thereto, containing the core and winding. A waveguide / oscillation concentrator is secured to the core, passing through the container wall at one of its ends such that the surface of the waveguide / oscillation concentrator, configured to interact with the gas-containing liquid, is located outside the container. A protruding element is located on the side surface of the waveguide / oscillation concentrator, in the region of the waveguide / oscillation concentrator having zero oscillation amplitude and connected to the inner surface of the container.The container comprises a fastening device capable of securing the container within the interior cavity of the outer housing, forming a gap for the gas-containing liquid between the inner surface of the housing and the outer surface of the container such that the portion of the container's outer surface free from the fastening device is capable of interacting with the gas-containing liquid. The outer housing is configured to interact with an external suspension. The container fastening device is configured to form passages for the gas-containing liquid.

[0014] In the present invention, the key element of the electromechanical transducer is a "waveguide-concentrator." It is important to note that in ultrasonic technology, solid-state acoustic waveguides include devices such as sound tubes (rods, concentrators), which are used to transmit vibrational energy over a distance from the source or to introduce vibrational energy into a medium (Source: The Great Russian Encyclopedia, https: / / old.bigenc.ru / physics / text / 1808440). Thus, the "waveguide" and "concentrator" in this solution are one and the same structural element, characterized by two functions. Firstly, this element serves to transmit the wave (i.e., it is a waveguide), and secondly, due to its shape, it increases the vibration intensity at the end (i.e., it is a concentrator).Both of these functions, both in the claimed design and in similar solutions from the state of the art, are implemented simultaneously.

[0015] Preferably, the core is formed using a magnetostrictive or piezoceramic material.

[0016] As a result of the above-mentioned implementation of the electromechanical converter, the fastening of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator, and, consequently, the core to the external suspension is ensured, firstly, through the protruding means on the surface of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator, and, secondly, through the fastening means of the container and the housing, respectively.

[0017] In this case, the container's fastening device is positioned such that the portion of the container's outer surface free from the fastening device is exposed to the gas-containing liquid. This circumstance makes it possible to utilize the viscous properties of the gas-containing liquid to dampen the transverse component of vibrations, which arises due to the aforementioned erosive or cavitation factors.

[0018] This is due to the fact that if a transverse component of vibration is transmitted to the container or if such a component occurs directly on the container itself, the outer surface of the container will oscillate in the gap between the body and the container. The gas-containing liquid (including any released gas bubbles) present in this gap will act as a viscous support for the outer surface of the container. As a result, this liquid, due to its viscous properties, will reduce the amplitude of the transverse component of vibration and, accordingly, dampen or attenuate it.

[0019] Regardless of the axial position of the container's fastener relative to its outer surface, there is always a section of the outer surface that is free of this fastener and will interact with the gas-containing liquid. Specifically, this may be the end section of the container, extending from its fastener along its axis. In any case, reducing the transverse component of vibrations on the container itself also reduces the transmission of vibrations to the electromechanical converter housing.

[0020] It should be noted that this purpose is also served by placing the protruding element of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator in a zone with zero oscillation amplitude. The presence of such zones is caused by the formation of a standing wave in the waveguide-oscillation concentrator when electrical energy is supplied to the core of the electromechanical transducer. Therefore, using zones with zero oscillation amplitude for placing the protruding element used for attachment to the container helps reduce the transmission of oscillations from the waveguide-oscillation concentrator to the container, the housing, and the external suspension, respectively.

[0021] In the most preferred embodiment of the proposed solution, the container fastening means and the protruding means of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator are offset relative to one another in the longitudinal direction of the container, specifically, spaced apart at two opposite ends of the electromechanical transducer container. This results in a substantially cantilevered arrangement of at least part of the container due to the offset relative to one another along the container axis of the protruding means of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator and the container fastening means.

[0022] If a transverse component of vibrations occurs in the waveguide-concentrator, caused by the aforementioned erosive or cavitation factors, these vibrations will be transmitted to the free end of the container. Due to the cantilevered mounting, this free end will also attempt to vibrate in the transverse direction. However, given the gap between the body and the container for the passage of the gas-containing liquid, and the portion of the container's outer surface free from the fastening means is exposed to the gas-containing liquid, such vibrations will be perceived by the latter. Moreover, as noted above, due to its viscous properties, such a liquid will dampen the transverse vibrations of the container's surface free from the fastening means, and, consequently, the waveguide-concentrator mounted on it.

[0023] In this case, due to the formation of passages for the gas-containing liquid in the fastening means of the container, a certain flexibility of the container relative to the body and, accordingly, the external suspension is additionally ensured, which, simultaneously with the use of the viscous properties of the gas-containing liquid and the placement of the protruding means in the zone of zero oscillation amplitude, leads to the formation of a support with damping properties.

[0024] As a result, the proposed solution reduces the transmission of electromechanical transducer vibrations to the external suspension. This increases its durability and reliability, while also reducing the negative impact on the tubing string equipped with such a transducer.

[0025] It should also be noted that, in addition to the damping properties of the gas-containing liquid located in the gap between the housing and the container, it also facilitates heat dissipation from the container wall. Specifically, due to the presence of liquid in this gap, heat generated during the operation of the electromechanical converter will be transferred to the liquid and removed from the device's housing. As a result, the proposed design of the electromechanical converter also ensures its cooling, which positively impacts the durability and reliability of the claimed device.

[0026] In addition to the above means, an elastomer pad can be placed on the end of the core opposite to the installation location of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator.

[0027] This design helps dampen the end of the core free from the waveguide-concentrator, increasing its mean time between failures. This is because the end of the core, in this case, does not directly contact the gas-containing or cooling liquid, and therefore cavitation does not occur at this end. This protects the core from damage, especially when made of a magnetostrictive material, which is less resistant to damage or physical impact than the metal material of the waveguide-concentrator.

[0028] Moreover, the core's elastomer cushion-like protection from damage reduces the formation of cavities and pits on the core's surface, thereby reducing the likelihood of transverse vibrations transmitted to the external suspension via the container and housing of the electromechanical converter. This reduces the likelihood of transverse vibrations of the electromechanical converter being transmitted to the external suspension. This design further enhances the durability and reliability of the electromechanical converter and reduces the negative impact on the tubing string.

[0029] Electrical energy can be supplied to the core winding from a high-frequency oscillator. In this case, the core winding is configured to receive electrical energy from a high-frequency oscillator, such as a submersible and / or wellhead generator. For this purpose, the container and housing of the electromechanical converter may be designed with openings for the passage of at least one means for supplying electrical energy to the core winding.

[0030] In a specific implementation scenario, the submersible high-frequency oscillator can also be housed in the same housing as the electromechanical converter. In this case, the corresponding wires or electrical power transmission devices are routed within the housing.

[0031] In specific embodiments of the claimed device, the technical result is also achieved by having the side surfaces of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator be cylindrical, conical, or have a curved profile. Specifically, the side surfaces of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator have a stepped shape, with the side surface of each step being cylindrical, conical, or have a curved profile.

[0032] The waveguide-oscillation concentrator may have at least one closed cavity or an open cavity, in particular a through or blind hole. The hole in the waveguide-oscillation concentrator may comprise a thread for attaching an additional stage of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator. At least one protruding member of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator is provided with an opening for the passage of a fastening element, such as a coupling, bolt, screw, or stud.

[0033] In another embodiment, at least one of the protruding means of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator is made in the form of an annular protrusion, which may have a damper, which is an elastomeric ring.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the fastening means of the container is made in the form of at least three projections fixed to its outer surface or made integral with it, designed with the possibility of interacting with a mating recess located on the inner surface of the body.

[0035] The container may also contain at least one opening for the passage of at least one means for supplying electrical energy to the core winding, located on the side of the end of the container opposite the end through which the oscillation concentrator waveguide passes.

[0036] In one embodiment, the container has at least one through-hole or slot for the passage of a gas-containing liquid. In another embodiment, the container is hermetically sealed, with the surface of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator, configured to interact with the gas-containing liquid, located outside the container.

[0037] If the container is sealed, it may also contain cooling agents. This cooling agent may be a cooling liquid placed inside the container to remove heat from the winding and core to the outside environment through the container wall. The container may also have an additional coolant reservoir, and its wall may have at least one opening for filling and / or draining the coolant, located at the end of the container opposite the end through which the waveguide oscillation concentrator passes. Transformer oil is preferably used as the cooling liquid.

[0038] The container can also be made detachable. In this case, the container includes an end cap with an opening for the waveguide concentrator.

[0039] Preferably, the electromechanical converter housing is configured to be mounted on an external suspension, which is one of the pipes in the tubing string. Furthermore, the housing may be detachable and have at least one end cap containing means for coupling with the external suspension. The end cap of the housing further comprises at least one opening for the passage of at least one means for supplying electrical power to the core winding and / or an opening for a waveguide oscillation concentrator. Also, in a preferred embodiment, the end cap of the housing is configured to compress the container fastening means in the axial direction.

[0040] In accordance with the above, the proposed solution achieves a technical result consisting of reducing the transmission of electromechanical transducer vibrations to the external suspension while simultaneously cooling the device using a gas-containing liquid. This results in increased reliability and durability of the electromechanical transducer and its external suspension mounting.

[0041] Brief description of drawing figures

[0042] The essence of the invention is explained by the drawings, where: Fig. 1 shows a section of downhole equipment containing an electromechanical converter; Fig. 2 shows a section of the electromechanical converter; Fig. 3 shows a section of an embodiment of a container of the electromechanical converter with ribs or plates on the outer side surface (the fastening means of the container are not shown conditionally); Fig. 4 shows a section of a waveguide-concentrator of oscillations with an additional stage (an additional concentrator for amplifying the amplitude of mechanical oscillations) and internal holes (the core winding is not shown conditionally).

[0043] Legend:

[0044] 1 - electromechanical converter;

[0045] 2 - core;

[0046] 3 - core winding;

[0047] 4 - electric cable;

[0048] 5 - column of oil well tubing;

[0049] 6 - electromechanical converter container;

[0050] 7 - waveguide-oscillation concentrator; 8 - surface of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator, designed with the possibility of interaction with a gas-containing liquid;

[0051] 9 - end cover of the container;

[0052] 10 - protruding means of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator;

[0053] 11 - container fastening means;

[0054] 12 - gap between the body and the container of the electromechanical converter;

[0055] 13 - electromechanical converter housing;

[0056] 14 - damper;

[0057] 15 - passage in the container fastening means;

[0058] 16 - internal cavity of the electromechanical converter container;

[0059] 17 - hole in the wall of the electromechanical converter container for filling or draining the coolant;

[0060] 18 - ribs or plates on the surface of the container;

[0061] 19 - means for supplying electrical energy to the core winding;

[0062] 20 - end cover of the housing;

[0063] 21 - means of coupling with external suspension;

[0064] 22 - hole of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator;

[0065] 23 - thread;

[0066] 24 - additional stage of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator;

[0067] 25 - holes or slots in the container for the passage of gas-containing liquid;

[0068] 26 - elastomer cushion;

[0069] 27 - container openings for placing means for supplying electrical energy to the core winding.

[0070] 28 - high-frequency oscillation generator.

[0071] Implementation of the invention

[0072] As shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, electromechanical transducer 1 for acting on a gas-containing liquid includes a core 2 with a winding 3 of conductive strands or wires placed thereon, formed using a magnetostrictive or piezoceramic material. The use of a core made of these materials allows core 2 to change its shape or dimensions when electrical energy, including high-frequency energy, is applied to winding 3. This results in periodic shortening and lengthening of core 2 at a high frequency, for example, in the 10,000-30,000 Hz range, thereby generating oscillations.

[0073] On the inner side of winding 3, in the area where the wires bend, an elastomer or polymer pad or other elastic means can be placed on core 2 to help protect the conductive wires from abrasion by the core's insulation. This means can be placed not only at the corners of the core, but also between the flat outer surface of core 2 and winding 3.

[0074] Electrical energy is supplied to winding 3 via electric cable 4 (Fig. 1) connected to a high-frequency oscillation generator, which may be installed on the surface. In this case, electric cable 4 runs along tubing string 5, through a cable entry on the fittings or through a lubricator to the wellhead high-frequency oscillation generator. At the same time, such a high-frequency oscillation generator 28 may also be made submersible and placed in the well, for example, at the location of electromechanical converter 1 (Fig. 2). In this case, submersible high-frequency oscillation generator 28 may be housed in the same housing with the electromechanical converter (Fig. 2) or in an adjacent separate housing.

[0075] Also, the electromechanical converter 1 contains a container 6, containing the said core 2 with the winding 3 and serving to hold them, including when acting on a gas-containing liquid.

[0076] A waveguide-concentrator 7 of oscillations is fixed on the core 2, passing through the wall of the container 6 at one of its ends, in such a way that the surface 8 of the waveguide-concentrator 7 of oscillations, made with the possibility of interaction with a gas-containing liquid, is located outside the container 6. For this, the container 6 can be made detachable with an end cover 9 having an opening for the passage of a part of the waveguide-concentrator 7 of oscillations (Fig. 2-3).

[0077] It should also be noted that an elastomeric pad 26 (Fig. 3) can be placed on the end face of the core 2 opposite the installation location of the waveguide-concentrator 7. This pad 26 covers the end face of the core 2 and thereby prevents its contact with the liquid, for example, a gas-containing liquid, located in the cavity 16 of the container 6. As a result, cavitation at this end face does not occur and the corresponding end face of the core is protected from damage. This is especially important for magnetostrictive materials, which are less resistant to damage or physical impact than the metallic material used to manufacture the waveguide-concentrator 7.

[0078] The side surface of the oscillation concentrator waveguide 7 may be cylindrical, conical, or have a curved profile. In this case, the side surface of the oscillation concentrator waveguide 7, secured to the core 2, has a protruding element 10 located in the zone of the corresponding oscillation concentrator waveguide having zero oscillation amplitude.

[0079] This device 10 is located in the zone of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator 7, where vibration and oscillation are essentially absent. This is due to the fact that the waveguide-oscillation concentrator 7 is designed such that the distance from the protruding device 10 to each end surface of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator 7 corresponds to half the wavelength of the resulting wave. As a result, the amplitude of the standing wave formed in the zone of the protruding device 10 will be zero.

[0080] For example, the waveguide-concentrator 7 may be designed as a stepped waveguide, with the length of each step equal to half the wavelength of the resulting wave, and the protruding device 10 positioned between these steps. The side surface of each step may be cylindrical, conical, or have a curved profile. Figures 1-4 show a stepped waveguide-concentrator 7 with two steps having a cylindrical side surface. However, the number of said steps may be greater.

[0081] In this part, it should be noted that it is possible to provide several protruding means 10 on the surface of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator 7. In this case, each protruding means 10 can be implemented, for example, in the form of an isolated protrusion extending from the outer surface of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator 7. Thus, several protruding means 10 can form a support structure in which several individual protrusions are distributed around the outer surface of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator 7. However, it is possible to implement the protruding means 10 in the form of an annular protrusion (Figs. 3 and 4) extending around the outer surface of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator 7. The annular protrusion can in this case be provided with a damper 14 (Fig. 3), which is an elastomeric ring fixed on the waveguide-oscillation concentrator 7.

[0082] In both cases, at least one opening may be formed in the corresponding protruding member 10 of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator 7. This opening serves to accommodate a fastening element, such as a coupling, bolt, screw, or stud. Any other fastening element capable of holding the waveguide-oscillation concentrator 7 to the inner surface of the container 6 may also be used.

[0083] In a particular embodiment of the invention, a through or blind hole 22 (channel), as well as a closed or open cavity, may be formed in the waveguide-concentrator 7. The hole 22 of the waveguide-concentrator may comprise a thread 23 for attaching a removable additional stage 24 of the waveguide-concentrator 7. It is also possible to install an additional stage 24 of the waveguide-concentrator 7 in an unthreaded hole 22. In this case, increased surface roughness of the waveguide-concentrator 7 itself is utilized, for example, its hole 22 or additional stage 24. Increased surface roughness of the corresponding surfaces can be achieved by any known method, for example, by "knurling."

[0084] The through hole can be used for the passage of a gas-containing liquid and thereby additionally increase the surface 8 of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator 7 interacting with such liquid.

[0085] In turn, the container 6 contains on its surface a fastening means 11, which serves to fix it with a gap 12 in the internal cavity of the outer casing 13. This design allows the passage of a gas-containing liquid between the internal surface of the casing and the external surface of the container 6 in such a way that the part of the external surface of the container free from the fastening means 11 will have the ability to interact with the gas-containing liquid.

[0086] In a particular case of implementation, the fastening means 11 can be designed with the possibility of interaction with a mating recess located on the inner surface of the housing 13.

[0087] The fastening means 11 of the container 6 is also configured to form passages 15 for the gas-containing liquid. For this purpose, it may include several projections secured to the surface of the container 6 or formed integrally with it, offset relative to one another in the circumferential direction by a certain, including equal, angular distance. As a result, the space between the projections serves as passage 15 for the gas-containing liquid (Fig. 2). An embodiment with a single projection is also possible; in this case, such a projection is placed on the container 6 to form a nearly annular passage 15 for the gas-containing liquid. It is also possible to include openings in the fastening means 11 for the passage of the gas-containing liquid.

[0088] It should be noted that container 6 may contain several fastening means, each of which may be made in the form of a protrusion or protrusions fixed to its surface or made integral with container 6.

[0089] It is also possible to implement the fastening means of the container in the form of a thread interacting with a protrusion present on the surface of the housing, forming a passage for the gas-containing liquid, for example, by making the necessary cutouts or holes in the thread itself or in the protrusion of the housing.

[0090] In the most preferred embodiment, the fastening means 11 of the container 6 is positioned offset in the longitudinal direction of the container 6 from the junction of the latter with the protruding means 10 of the oscillation waveguide concentrator 7. In this case, the fastening means 11 of the container 6 is positioned on the side of the end of the container 6 opposite the end through which the oscillation waveguide concentrator 7 passes and the junction of the protruding means 10 with the inner surface of the container 6 is located (Figs. 1-2). At the same time, it is also possible to offset the fastening means 11 of the container 6 not along the entire length of the latter. In particular, the fastening means I in this case can be positioned substantially in the middle of the container 6.

[0091] It is also possible to have an embodiment of the electromechanical converter 1, in which the fastening means 11 of the container 6 is essentially aligned along the length of the container with the place where the protruding means 10 is attached to it. In this case, the parts of the surface of the container 6 extending in the longitudinal direction from the fastening means I will interact and, to a certain extent, rest on the gas-containing liquid, which as a result will also limit the vibrations of the latter and, accordingly, reduce the transmission of vibrations to the external suspension.

[0092] In any of the above-mentioned variants, the possibility of interaction between the gas-containing liquid and the outer surface of the container 6, free from the fastening means 11, plays a significant role in achieving the specified technical result.

[0093] It should also be noted that the housing 13 serves to embed or attach the converter 1 to the column of tubing 5. For this purpose, means 21 for coupling with an external suspension can be made on its end parts, for example, a thread or other connecting means that ensure its attachment to the tubing 5 either directly or through a sub.

[0094] It should also be noted that, as shown in Fig. 1 and 3, container 6 can be made with a closed, hermetically sealed internal cavity 16. At the same time, in another embodiment, container 6 can have through holes or slots 25 on its side surface for the passage of gas-containing liquid (Fig. 2).

[0095] In both cases, this embodiment of container 6 allows for the implementation of specific forms of heat dissipation from the components housed within it. Specifically, the container's design with openings or slots 25 allows for the flow of gaseous liquid through its internal cavity 16, thereby ensuring heat dissipation from winding 3 and core 2. Furthermore, the design of container 6 with a closed internal cavity 16 allows for the placement of cooling means within such a cavity, facilitating heat dissipation from winding 3 and core 2 into the external gaseous liquid.

[0096] As such a cooling agent, a cooling liquid can be used, for example, transformer oil, placed inside the container 6 for transferring heat from the winding 3 and the core 2 to the external environment through the wall of the container 6. Filling the container 6 with transformer oil, as well as draining it, is carried out through an opening 17 made in its wall, which is located on the side of the end of the container 6 opposite the end through which the waveguide-concentrator 7 of the oscillations passes (Figs. 1 and 3).

[0097] In this case, to place the oil in the container 6, it is possible to provide an additional container from which the oil can be supplied to the internal cavity 16 either forcibly, using a pump, or by gravity.

[0098] Furthermore, to further enhance heat exchange between the wall of container 6 and the gas-containing liquid or transformer oil, fins or plates 18 extending outward (Fig. 3) and / or inward of container 6 (not shown in Fig. 3) may be placed on the corresponding wall. By means of said fins or plates 18, the heat exchange surface with the corresponding liquid is increased and it is possible to transfer a greater amount of heat per unit of time, which facilitates more intensive cooling of core 2 and winding 3.

[0099] In a particular embodiment, one or more openings 27 (see Fig. 2) may also be made in the wall of the container 6 for accommodating a means 19 for supplying electrical energy to the winding 3 of the core 2, such as an electric cable, a sealed spark plug, a current lead, or any other suitable means. In this case, the means 19 for supplying electrical energy to the winding 3 of the core 2 is preferably located on the side of the end of the container 6 opposite the end through which the waveguide-concentrator 7 of the oscillations passes.

[0100] In another embodiment of the invention, the housing 13 may be made detachable and have at least one end cover 20 containing means 21 for coupling with an external suspension, namely with one of the pipes of the tubing string 5 (Fig. 1). Such an end cover 20 may also contain at least one opening for the passage of at least one means 19 providing the supply of electrical energy to the winding 3 of the core 2 or the passage of the waveguide-concentrator 7 of the oscillations.

[0101] In this case, the end cover 20 of the housing 13 can also be designed with the possibility of pressing the fastening means 11 of the container 6 in the axial direction.

[0102] Electromechanical transducer 1 operates as follows. When high-frequency electrical oscillations are applied to winding 3 of core 2, its shape or size periodically changes. As a result, vacuum zones in the form of cavities appear on the surface 8 of waveguide-oscillation concentrator 7, which interacts with the gas-containing liquid. The formation of these cavities is due to the viscous properties of gas-containing liquids, such as oil. These properties of the liquid, which lead to a certain inertia, prevent its surface from precisely following the high-frequency oscillations of surface 8. The resulting cavities instantly fill with gas released from the gas-containing liquid due to the pressure in them being lower than the saturation pressure of the gas-containing liquid. This results in the formation of gas bubbles, which, under the influence of gravity, rise upward toward the wellhead.As a result, using the electromechanical converter 1, a gas-liquid mixture can be obtained, which can have various applications, including lifting gas-containing liquid to the wellhead.

[0103] To ensure the production of a gas-containing liquid, such as oil, the electromechanical transducer 1 is preferably positioned in a well above the saturation pressure of the gas-containing liquid, and electrical energy is then supplied to the winding 3 of its core 2. The action of at least one surface 8 of the oscillation waveguide concentrator 7 on the gas-containing liquid results in the release of gas dissolved in the gas-containing liquid as bubbles, forming a gas-liquid mixture with a decrease in its density. This ensures its rise to the wellhead.

[0104] It should also be noted that as a result of the above-described placement of the protruding means 10 of the waveguide-concentrator 7 of oscillations and the fastening means 11 of the container 6, the part of the outer surface of the latter free from the fastening means 11 has the ability to interact with the gas-containing liquid.

[0105] Therefore, if oscillations occur that are transmitted from core 2 and waveguide-concentrator 7 to said container 6 during operation, such oscillations can be damped to a certain extent due to interaction with the viscous gas-containing liquid. Thus, during operation of electromechanical transducer 1, as noted above, a transverse component of oscillations may arise due to the displacement of the center of gravity of waveguide-concentrator 7 from its geometric axis due to chipping or other discontinuity of the lateral surface of waveguide-concentrator 7 or core 2 due to interaction with the gas-containing liquid. In particular, such surface destruction may occur due to erosion or cavitation.As a result, such surface destruction generates a transverse component of oscillations on the waveguide-concentrator 7, which will be transmitted to container 6 and, accordingly, cause some vibration of its outer surface. This will result in periodic changes in the cross-sectional geometry of gap 12. However, due to the viscous properties of the gas-containing liquid located in this gap 12, such oscillations will be perceived and damped by this liquid. This is because the movement of the outer surface of container 6 toward the gas-containing liquid will necessitate the expansion and displacement of its layers around the container in a direction opposite to the latter's movement. However, since the liquid, due to its viscosity, cannot instantly adapt to these changes, this displacement will consume vibration energy, resulting in a reduction in vibration energy.Thus, the proposed design of the electromechanical transducer provides a somewhat elastic damping support for the waveguide-concentrator with its core and winding, which reduces the transmission of vibrations from these elements to the external suspension. Moreover, the presence of a gas-containing liquid in the gap 12 between the wall of the housing 13 and the wall of the container 6 also ensures the removal of heat from said space along with the flow of such liquid through passage 15 in the fastening means 11 of the container into the interior of the tubing string 5. This ensures the removal of heat from the core 2 and winding 3, including through the use of cooling means inside the container 6. As a result, while simultaneously reducing the transmission of vibrations from the electromechanical transducer to the external suspension, the claimed invention also facilitates cooling of the device using the gas-containing liquid.

[0106] To summarize the above, it should be noted that the achievement of the above technical result in the proposed electromechanical converter 1 is due to several reasons.

[0107] Thus, the placement of the oscillation concentrator waveguide 7 in the container 6 using the protruding means 10, located in the zone with zero oscillation amplitude, reduces the transmission of operating oscillations to the external suspension. Moreover, the addition of this protruding means 10 with the fastening means 11 of the container 6 forms, to a certain extent, an elastic, damping support for the oscillation concentrator waveguide 7. This is due to the passage for the gas-containing liquid organized with its help in the gap between the housing 13 and the container 6. Thus, the oscillations of the core 2, winding 3, container 6, and the oscillation concentrator waveguide 7, which are transmitted to the outer surface of the container 6 and have a component in the transverse direction (across the axis of the electromechanical transducer), will inevitably be perceived by this gas-containing liquid. Moreover, due to the viscous properties of this liquid, damping of the said oscillation component will be ensured.Thus, the movement of a liquid layer has a certain inertia, which causes the loss of vibration energy in the movement of this liquid, which is especially important under conditions of high-frequency vibrations.

[0108] Furthermore, the flow of gas-containing fluid through the housing 13 of the electromechanical transducer simultaneously dampens the transverse components of the vibrations, resulting in continuous heat removal from the housing. This simultaneously ensures cooling of all components comprising the proposed device.

[0109] Thus, in experiments conducted with various design and placement options for the electromechanical transducer, the transducer with the proposed placement of the waveguide-concentrator 7 demonstrated a significant reduction in vibration transmission, including its transverse component, to the external suspension. Specifically, vibrations of the housing 13 in this direction decreased by approximately 7-11% compared to the placement option with the container rigidly sealed within the housing. Moreover, the core winding temperature was approximately 120-123 degrees Celsius, while without pumping gas-containing liquid through the housing, it reached 145-153 degrees.

[0110] Thus, the use of the claimed electromechanical transducer reduces the transmission of electromechanical transducer vibrations to the external suspension while simultaneously cooling the device with a gas-containing liquid. This solution addresses the objectives of this invention, which consist of increasing the reliability and durability of the electromechanical transducer and its mounting on the wellbore suspension.

Claims

CLAUSES OF THE INVENTION 1. An electromechanical transducer for acting on a gas-containing liquid, characterized in that it includes a core with a winding placed on it, formed using a material that changes its dimensions when electrical energy is supplied to the winding, as well as an outer casing and a container secured to it, containing the said core with the winding, wherein a waveguide-oscillation concentrator is secured to the core, passing through the wall of the container at one of its ends, in such a way that the surface of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator, made with the possibility of interaction with the gas-containing liquid, is located outside the container, on the lateral surface of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator there is a protruding means, located in the zone of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator, having a zero amplitude of oscillations, and connected to the inner surface of the container, wherein the container contains a fastening means,designed with the possibility of fixing the container in the internal cavity of the outer body with the formation of a gap for the gas-containing liquid between the internal surface of the body and the external surface of the container in such a way that the part of the external surface of the container free from the fastening means has the possibility of interaction with the gas-containing liquid, wherein the external body is designed with the possibility of interaction with the external suspension, and the fastening means of the container is designed with the possibility of forming passages for the gas-containing liquid.

2. The converter according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the core is formed using a magnetostrictive or piezoceramic material.

3. The converter according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the fastening means of the container is offset in the longitudinal direction of the container from the place where the latter is connected to the protruding means of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator.

4. The converter according to paragraph 1, characterized in that an elastomer pad is placed on the end of the core opposite to the installation location of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator.

5. A converter according to any one of paragraphs 1-4, characterized in that the core winding is designed with the ability to receive electrical energy from a high-frequency oscillation generator.

6. The converter according to paragraph 5, characterized in that the high-frequency oscillation generator is made submersible and / or wellhead.

7. The converter according to paragraph 6, characterized in that the immersion generator of high-frequency oscillations is placed in the same housing as the electromechanical converter.

8. A converter according to any of paragraphs 1-4, 6 or 7, characterized in that the side surfaces of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator are made cylindrical, conical or have a curvilinear profile.

9. A converter according to any of paragraphs 1-4, 6 or 7, characterized in that the side surfaces of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator have a stepped shape, and the side surface of each of the steps is made cylindrical, conical or has a curvilinear profile.

10. The converter according to claim 1, characterized in that the waveguide-oscillation concentrator has at least one closed or open cavity. And. The converter according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the waveguide-oscillation concentrator has a through or blind hole.

12. The converter according to paragraph 11, characterized in that the opening of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator contains a thread for connecting an additional stage of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator.

13. The converter according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one protruding means of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator has an opening for the passage of a fastening element.

14. The converter according to paragraph 13, characterized in that the fastening element is a coupling, bolt, screw or stud.

15. The converter according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the protruding means of the waveguide-oscillation concentrator is made in the form of an annular protrusion.

16. The converter according to item 15, characterized in that the annular projection is provided with a damper.

17. The converter according to item 16, characterized in that the damper is an elastomeric ring.

18. The converter according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening means of the container is made in the form of at least three protrusions fixed to its outer surface or made integral with it.

19. The converter according to paragraph 18, characterized in that the fastening means of the container is designed with the possibility of interaction with a mating recess located on the inner surface of the housing.

20. The converter according to claim 1, characterized in that the container contains at least one opening for the passage of at least one means for providing electrical energy to the core winding.

21. The converter according to paragraph 20, characterized in that the means for supplying electrical energy to the core winding is located on the side of the end of the container opposite the end through which the waveguide-oscillation concentrator passes.

22. The converter according to claim 1, characterized in that the container has at least one through hole or slot for the passage of a gas-containing liquid.

23. The converter according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the container is made hermetically sealed.

24. The converter according to paragraph 23, characterized in that the container contains cooling means.

25. The converter according to paragraph 24, characterized in that the cooling agent used is a cooling liquid placed inside the container to remove heat from the winding and core into the external environment through the wall of the container.

26. The converter according to paragraph 25, characterized in that the container is equipped with an additional capacity for cooling liquid.

27. A converter according to any one of paragraphs 25-26, characterized in that the container wall is provided with at least one opening for filling and / or draining the cooling liquid.

28. The converter according to paragraph 27, characterized in that the opening for filling and / or draining the cooling liquid is located on the side of the end of the container opposite the end through which the waveguide-oscillation concentrator passes.

29. A converter according to any of paragraphs 1-4, 6 or 7, characterized in that the container is detachable.

30. The converter according to paragraph 29, characterized in that the container includes an end cover having an opening for a waveguide-oscillation concentrator.

31. A converter according to any one of paragraphs 1-4, 6, 7, 10-26, 28 or 30, characterized in that the external suspension is one of the pipes of the tubing string.

32. The converter according to paragraph 31, characterized in that the housing is detachable and has at least one end cover containing means for coupling with an external suspension.

33. The converter according to paragraph 31, characterized in that the housing is detachable and has at least one end cover containing an opening for the waveguide-oscillation concentrator.

34. A converter according to any one of paragraphs 32-33, characterized in that the end cover of the housing contains at least one opening for the passage of at least one means for providing electrical energy to the core winding.

35. A converter according to any one of paragraphs 32-33, characterized in that the end cover of the housing is designed with the possibility of pressing the container fastening means in the axial direction.

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