Techniques for reporting beam management

Abstract

Embodiments provide resource-efficient techniques to report beam management from a user equipment (UE) to a base station (BS). The UE may identify a predicted reference signal received power (RSRP) value corresponding to a predicted beam index and report to the BS the predicted beam index corresponding to the predicted RSRP value when the predicted RSRP value exceeds the threshold RSRP value. The BS then may activate an active transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state in the UE based on the predicted beam index. The techniques may be used for reporting of artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) based beam management.

Description

TECHNIQUES FOR REPORTING BEAM MANAGEMENTCROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 670,464, filed July 12, 2024, the content of which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes.FIELD OF DISCLOSURE

[0002] This disclosure related generally to wireless technology and more particularly to techniques for reporting for artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) based beam management.BACKGROUND

[0003] In telecommunications, 5G is the fifth-generation technology standard for broadband cellular networks. Like its predecessors, 5G networks are cellular networks, in which the service area is divided into small geographical areas called network cells (or cells). The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is the industry consortium that sets standards for 5G. One of the techniques supported by 5G includes beamforming. Beamforming may include a signal processing technique used in sensor arrays for directional signal transmission or reception. This can be achieved by combining elements in an antenna array in such a way that signals at particular angles experience constructive interference while others experience destructive interference. Beamforming can be used at both the transmitting and receiving ends in order to achieve spatial selectivity. In practice, beamforming may be managed based on reported data, such as data received from user equipment (UE).BRIEF SUMMARY

[0004] Processes, machines, and articles of manufacture for reporting beam management are described. It will be appreciated that the embodiments may be combined in any number of ways without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0005] Embodiments may include identifying a predicted RSRP value corresponding to a predicted beam index; comparing the predicted RSRP value to a threshold RSRP value; and reporting to a base station (BS) the predicted beam index corresponding to the predicted RSRP value in response to the predicted RSRP value exceeding the threshold RSRP value.

[0006] Embodiments may include identifying a report associated with a UE and comprising a predicted beam index corresponding to a predicted RSRP value exceeding an RSRP threshold; and forming a beam for communication with the UE based on the predicted beam index.

[0007] Other processes, machines, and articles of manufacture are also described hereby, which may be combined in any number of ways, such as with the embodiments of the brief summary, without departing from the scope of this disclosure.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] The present disclosure is illustrated by way of example and not limitation in the figures of the accompanying drawings in which like references indicate similar elements. To easily identify the discussion of any particular element or act, the most significant digit or digits in a reference number refer to the figure number in which that element is first introduced.

[0009] FIG. 1 illustrates an example wireless communication system according to some embodiments.

[0010] FIG. 2 illustrates a base station (BS) in communication with a user equipment (UE) device according to some embodiments.

[0011] FIG. 3 illustrates an example block diagram of a UE according to some embodiments.

[0012] FIG. 4 illustrates an example block diagram of a gNB or BS according to some embodiments.

[0013] FIG. 5 illustrates an example block diagram of cellular communication circuitry according to some embodiments.

[0014] FIG. 6 illustrates an example block diagram of reporting beam management according to some embodiments.

[0015] FIG. 7 illustrates an example flowchart for reporting beam management according to some embodiments.

[0016] FIG. 8 illustrates an example flowchart for reporting beam management according to some embodiments.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] Generally, this disclosure describes techniques to report beam management. More specifically, embodiments are directed to techniques to report beam management based on apredicted beam index when the predicted RSRP value exceeds the threshold RSRP value. The techniques disclosed herein may be used when the predicted RSRP us based on artificial intelligence (Al) and / or machine learning (ML) output. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide thorough explanation of embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that embodiments of the present disclosure may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known components, structures, and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure the understanding of this description.

[0018] Reference in the specification to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the disclosure. The appearances of the phrase “in one embodiment” in various places in the specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment.

[0019] In the following description and claims, the terms “coupled” and “connected,” along with their derivatives, may be used. It should be understood that these terms are not intended as synonyms for each other. “Coupled” may be used to indicate that two or more elements, which may or may not be in direct physical or electrical contact with each other, co-operate or interact with each other. “Connected” may be used to indicate the establishment of communication between two or more elements that are coupled with each other.

[0020] The processes depicted in the figures that follow, are performed by processing logic that comprises hardware (e.g., circuitry, dedicated logic, et cetera), software (such as is run on a general-purpose computer system or a dedicated machine), or a combination of both. Although the processes are described below in terms of some sequential operations, it should be appreciated that some of the operations described may be performed in different order. Moreover, some operations may be performed in parallel rather than sequentially.

[0021] The terms “server,” “client,” and “device” are intended to refer generally to data processing systems rather than specifically to a particular form factor for the server, client, and / or device.

[0022] In Rel-19 AI / ML for air interface use, case of beam management is considered. For example, beam management case 1 includes spatial-domain downlink beam prediction for Set A of beams based on measurement results of Set B of beams. Beam management case 2 includes temporal downlink beam prediction for Set A of beams based on the historicmeasurement results of Set B of beams. For UE-sided model, at least for beam management case 1, the report of inference results of beam management may include the following:• Option 1 : Beam information on predicted Top K beam(s) among a set of beams;• Option 2: Beam information on predicted Top K beam(s) among a set of beams and RSRP of predicted Top K beam(s) among a set of beams;• Option 3: Beam information on predicted Top K beam(s) among a set of beams and probability information of predicted Top K beam(s) among a set of beams; or• Option 4: Beam information on predicted Top K beam(s) among a set of beams, RSRP of predicted Top K beam(s) among a set of beams, and confidence information of the RSRP, where the set of beams is Set A, i.e., the beams for UE prediction.

[0023] Report content of inference results for UE-sided model for beam management case 1, for the RSRP of predicted Top K beam(s) in the report of inference results, may further include the following:• Option A: Predicted RSRP; or• Option B: Predicted RSRP, if the beam is not configured for corresponding measurement, and measured LI -RSRP if the beam is configured for corresponding measurement.

[0024] For report content of inference results for UE-sided model for beam management case 2, the RSRP of predicted beam(s) in the report of inference results is the predicted RSRP, which is based on AI / ML output.

[0025] In the current beam management framework, a user equipment (UE) may report RSRP for the configured resources. The reporting requirement may be based on RSRP accuracy for the reported beam index. However, beam management reporting techniques based on beam index alone are needed, for example when RSRP accuracy is unavailable. For example, in the currently available non-AI / ML beam management framework, the UE may report RSRP for the configured resources, where the requirement for reporting the beam index is based on RSRP accuracy (absolute RSRP accuracy or relative RSRP accuracy) for the reported beam index. However, with AI / ML based beam management, the report quantity is still to be determined. If RSRP is reported of best or Top K beams, it can be used by the network (NW), e.g., to form a beam for communication with the UE. However, if only best beam or Top K beams are reported, the report might not be useful to the NW. Thus, provided herein are additional techniques (e.g., metric or criteria) for report based on beam index alone.

[0026] In one aspect, a method for wireless communication by a UE is provided. The method includes identifying a predicted RSRP value corresponding to a predicted beam index; comparing the predicted RSRP value to a threshold RSRP value; and reporting to a BS the predicted beam index corresponding to the predicted RSRP value in response to the predicted RSRP value exceeding the threshold RSRP value. BS can be a next generation node B (gNB). As used herein, a “next generation node B,” “gNodeB,” or “gNB” refers to a BS in a 5G network that provides connectivity between a UE and the evolved packet core (EPC).

[0027] The method may include identifying the predicted RSRP value and predicted beam index for a first set of beams based on a second set of transmitted beams received from the BS. The second set of transmitted beams may be configured for measurement and beam prediction of first set. Additionally, the second set of transmitted beams may, or may not, be configured for measurement report.

[0028] The method may further include determining the threshold RSRP value based on a second set of beams received from the BS. The threshold RSRP may be determined based on one or more factors. For example, the threshold RSRP value may be determined based on a radio resource control (RRC) message. The threshold RSRP value may be determined based on a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) message or a downlink control information (DCI) message. Without wishing to be bound by theory, RRC configured threshold may be more static, whereas MAC-CE / DCI configured threshold may be more dynamic and can adapt to the UE conditions. The threshold RSRP value may be based on a location of the UE within a cell of a network. Without wishing to be bound by theory, the threshold RSRP value may be lower when the UE is proximate an edge of the cell, and the threshold RSRP value may be higher when the UE is proximate a center of the cell.

[0029] Alternatively, the threshold RSRP value may be provided based on a specification. For example, the threshold may be a fixed value specified in RAN4 / TS 38.133. The threshold may also be based on nominal RSRP agreed. The threshold RSRP value may also be a threshold RSRP range. A threshold RSRP range may include an upper threshold below which to report the predicted beam index and a lower threshold above which to report the predicted beam index. In such embodiments, the method includes providing a threshold RSRP range based on the specification; comparing the predicted RSRP value to the threshold RSRP range; and reporting, by the UE, the predicted beam index corresponding to the predicted RSRP value in response to the predicted RSRP value within the threshold RSRP range. The threshold RSRP range may be defined from -140 to -44 dBm with 1 dBresolution. The threshold RSRP range may be synchronization signal RSRP (SS-RSRP) and channel state information RSRP (CSI-RSRP) range.

[0030] The threshold RSRP may also be an implicit threshold based on UE determination. For example, the threshold RSRP value may be determined based on a serving cell RSRP. The serving cell RSRP may be measured by the UE. The threshold RSRP value may be determined as the serving cell RSRP minus a predetermined value. The predetermined value may be determined based on a message including the predetermined value and received from a network or the BS. Alternatively, the predetermined value may be set as a fixed value in the specification and provided based on a specification.

[0031] In the methods provided herein, the predicted RSRP may be identified based on artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) output.

[0032] In another aspect, a method for wireless communication by a BS is provided. The method includes identifying a report associated with a UE and comprising a predicted beam index corresponding to a predicted RSRP value exceeding an RSRP threshold; and forming a beam for communication with the UE based on the predicted beam index.

[0033] The method may further include configuring with the UE a second set of transmitted beams, the report of top-K predicted beams from a first set of beams for which a predicted RSRP value and a predicted beam index are to be identified, and / or a threshold RSRP value. The method may further include transmitting the second set of transmitted beams to the UE for beam prediction and RSRP prediction in the first set of beams.

[0034] The method may further include activating an active transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state in the UE based on the predicted beam index received from the UE.

[0035] The threshold RSRP may be determined based on one or more factors. For example, the threshold RSRP value may be determined based on a radio resource control (RRC) message. The threshold RSRP value may be determined based on a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) message or a downlink control information (DCI) message. Without wishing to be bound by theory, RRC configured threshold may be more static, whereas MAC-CE / DCI configured threshold may be more dynamic and can adapt to the UE conditions. The threshold RSRP value may be based on a location of the UE within a cell of a network. Without wishing to be bound by theory, the threshold RSRP value may be lower when the UE is proximate an edge of the cell, and the threshold RSRP value may be higher when the UE is proximate a center of the cell.

[0036] Alternatively, the threshold RSRP value may be provided based on a specification. For example, the threshold may be a fixed value specified in RAN4 / TS 38.133. Thethreshold may also be based on nominal RSRP agreed. The threshold RSRP value may also be a threshold RSRP range. A threshold RSRP range may include an upper threshold below which to report the predicted beam index and a lower threshold above which to report the predicted beam index. In such embodiments, the method includes providing a threshold RSRP range based on the specification; comparing the predicted RSRP value to the threshold RSRP range; and reporting, by the UE, the predicted beam index corresponding to the predicted RSRP value in response to the predicted RSRP value within the threshold RSRP range. The threshold RSRP range may be defined from -140 to -44 dBm with 1 dB resolution. The threshold RSRP range may be synchronization signal RSRP (SS-RSRP) and channel state information RSRP (CSI-RSRP) range.

[0037] The threshold RSRP may also be an implicit threshold based on UE determination. For example, the threshold RSRP value may be determined based on a serving cell RSRP. The serving cell RSRP may be measured by the UE. The threshold RSRP value may be determined as the serving cell RSRP minus a predetermined value. The predetermined value may be determined based on a message including the predetermined value and received from a network or the BS. Alternatively, the predetermined value may be set as a fixed value in the specification and provided based on a specification.

[0038] In the methods provided herein, the predicted RSRP may be identified based on artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) output.

[0039] The reporting criteria including the determination of the threshold RSRP value described herein would enable NW to better utilize the beam index and indices reported by the UE. Based on the reported predicted beam index, the BS may activate an active TCI state in the UE.

[0040] FIG. 1 illustrates a simplified example wireless communication system, according to some embodiments. It is noted that the system of FIG. 1 is merely one example of a possible system, and that features of this disclosure may be implemented in any of various systems, as desired.

[0041] As shown, the example wireless communication system includes a base station 102A which communicates over a transmission medium with one or more user devices 106 A, 106B, et cetera, through 106N. Each of the user devices may be referred to herein as a “user equipment” (UE) or UE device. Thus, the user devices 106 are referred to as UEs or UE devices.

[0042] The base station 102A (BS) may be a base transceiver station (BTS) or cell site (a “cellular base station”) and may include hardware that enables wireless communication with the UEs 106 A through 106N.

[0043] The communication area (or coverage area) of the base station may be referred to as a “cell.” The base station 102A and the UEs 106 may be configured to communicate over the transmission medium using any of various radio access technologies (RATs), also referred to as wireless communication technologies, or telecommunication standards, such as GSM, UMTS (associated with, for example, WCDMA or TD-SCDMA air interfaces), LTE, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), 5G new radio (5G NR), HSPA, 3GPP2 CDMA2000 (e g., IxRTT, IxEV-DO, HRPD, eHRPD), 6G, et cetera. Note that if the base station 102A is implemented in the context of LTE, it may alternately be referred to as an ‘eNodeB’ or ‘eNB’. Note that if the base station 102A is implemented in the context of 5G NR, it may alternately be referred to as ‘gNodeB’ or ‘gNB’. A next generation eNB (ng-eNB) may comprise an enhanced version of eNB that connects 5G UE to 5G core network using 4G LTE air interface.

[0044] As shown, the base station 102A may also be equipped to communicate with a network 100 (e.g., a core network of a cellular service provider, a telecommunication network such as a public switched telephone network (PSTN), and / or the Internet, among various possibilities). Thus, the base station 102A may facilitate communication between the user devices and / or between the user devices and the network 100. In particular, the cellular base station 102 A may provide UEs 106 with various telecommunication capabilities, such as voice, SMS and / or data services. It will be appreciated that in various embodiments, the term network may be utilized to collectively refer to one or more devices and components that form the telecommunications network. For example, reference to the network sending or receiving data to / from a UE may refer to one or more portions of the core network of a cellular service provider and / or one or more base stations. In some such examples, data to send to the UE may be determined by core network components and then relayed to the UE via a base station. In other such examples, data to send to the UE may be determined and sent to the UE by a base station.

[0045] Base station 102 A and other similar base stations (such as base stations 102B . . . 102N) operating according to the same or a different cellular communication standard may thus be provided as a network of cells, which may provide continuous or nearly continuous overlapping service to UEs 106A-N and similar devices over a geographic area via one or more cellular communication standards.

[0046] Thus, while base station 102A may act as a “serving cell” for UEs 106A-N as illustrated in FIG. 1, each UE 106 may also be capable of receiving signals from (and possibly within communication range of) one or more other cells (which might be provided by base stations 102B-N and / or any other base stations), which may be referred to as “neighboring cells”. Such cells may also be capable of facilitating communication between user devices and / or between user devices and the network 100. Such cells may include “macro” cells, “micro” cells, “pico” cells, and / or cells which provide any of various other granularities of service area size. For example, base stations 102A-B illustrated in FIG. 1 might be macro cells, while base station 102N might be a micro cell. Other configurations are also possible.

[0047] In some embodiments, base station 102A may be a next generation base station, e.g., a 5G New Radio (5G NR) base station, or “gNB”. In some embodiments, a BS may be connected to a legacy evolved packet core (EPC) network and / or to a NR core (NRC) network. In addition, a BS cell may include one or more transition and reception points (TRPs). In addition, a UE capable of operating according to 5G NR may be connected to one or more TRPs within one or more BSs.

[0048] Note that a UE 106 may be capable of communicating using multiple wireless communication standards. For example, the UE 106 may be configured to communicate using a wireless networking (e.g., Wi-Fi) and / or peer-to-peer wireless communication protocol (e.g., Bluetooth, Wi-Fi peer-to-peer, etc.) in addition to at least one cellular communication protocol (e.g., GSM, UMTS (associated with, for example, WCDMA or TD- SCDMA air interfaces), LTE, LTE-A, 5G NR, 6G, HSPA, 3GPP2 CDMA2000 (e.g, IxRTT, IxEV-DO, HRPD, eHRPD), et cetera). The UE 106 may also or alternatively be configured to communicate using one or more global navigational satellite systems (GNSS, e.g., GPS or GLONASS), one or more mobile television broadcasting standards (e.g., ATSC-M / H or DVB-H), and / or any other wireless communication protocol, if desired.Other combinations of wireless communication standards (including more than two wireless communication standards) are also possible.

[0049] FIG. 2 illustrates user equipment 106 (e.g., one of the devices 106A through 106N) in communication with a base station 102, according to some embodiments. The UE 106 may be a device with cellular communication capability such as a mobile phone, a handheld device, a computer or a tablet, or virtually any type of wireless device.

[0050] The UE 106 may include a processor that is configured to execute program instructions stored in memory. The UE 106 may perform any of the method embodimentsdescribed herein by executing such stored instructions. Alternatively, or in addition, the UE 106 may include a programmable hardware element such as an FPGA (field-programmable gate array) that is configured to perform any of the method embodiments described herein, or any portion of any of the method embodiments described herein.

[0051] The UE 106 may include one or more antennas for communicating using one or more wireless communication protocols or technologies. In some embodiments, the UE 106 may be configured to communicate using, for example, 5G NR, CDMA2000 (IxRTT / lxEV- DO / HRPD / eHRPD), 6G, or LTE using a single shared radio and / or GSM or LTE using the single shared radio. The shared radio may couple to a single antenna, or may couple to multiple antennas (e.g., for MIMO) for performing wireless communications. In general, a radio may include any combination of a baseband processor, analog RF signal processing circuitry (e.g., including filters, mixers, oscillators, amplifiers, etc.), or digital processing circuitry (e.g., for digital modulation as well as other digital processing). Similarly, the radio may implement one or more receive and transmit chains using the aforementioned hardware. For example, the UE 106 may share one or more parts of a receive and / or transmit chain between multiple wireless communication technologies, such as those discussed above.

[0052] In some embodiments, the UE 106 may include separate transmit and / or receive chains (e.g., including separate antennas and other radio components) for each wireless communication protocol with which it is configured to communicate. As a further possibility, the UE 106 may include one or more radios which are shared between multiple wireless communication protocols, and one or more radios which are used exclusively by a single wireless communication protocol. For example, the UE 106 might include a shared radio for communicating using either of LTE or 5G NR (or LTE or IxRTTor LTE or GSM or 6G), and separate radios for communicating using each of Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. Other configurations are also possible.

[0053] FIG. 3 illustrates an example simplified block diagram of a communication device 106, also often referred to herein as UE 106, according to some embodiments. It is noted that the block diagram of the communication device of FIG. 3 is only one example of a possible communication device. According to embodiments, communication device 106 may be a user equipment (UE) device, a mobile device or mobile station, a wireless device or wireless station, a desktop computer or computing device, a mobile computing device (e.g., a laptop, notebook, or portable computing device), a tablet and / or a combination of devices, among other devices. As shown, the communication device 106 may include a set of components 300 configured to perform core functions. For example, this set ofcomponents may be implemented as a system on chip (SOC), which may include portions for various purposes. Alternatively, this set of components 300 may be implemented as separate components or groups of components for the various purposes. The set of components 300 may be coupled (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) to various other circuits of the communication device 106.

[0054] For example, the communication device 106 may include various types of memory (e.g., including NAND flash 310), an input / output interface such as connector I / F 320 (e.g., for connecting to a computer system; dock; charging station; input devices, such as a microphone, camera, keyboard; output devices, such as speakers; etc.), the display 360, which may be integrated with or external to the communication device 106, and cellular communication circuitry 330 such as for 5G NR, LTE, GSM, etc., and short to medium range wireless communication circuitry 329 (e.g., Bluetooth™ and WLAN circuitry). In some embodiments, communication device 106 may include wired communication circuitry (not shown), such as a network interface card, e.g., for Ethernet.

[0055] The cellular communication circuitry 330 may couple (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) to one or more antennas, such as antennas 335 and 336 as shown. The short to medium range wireless communication circuitry 329 may also couple (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) to one or more antennas, such as antennas 337 and 338 as shown. Alternatively, the short to medium range wireless communication circuitry329 may couple (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) to the antennas 335 and 336 in addition to, or instead of, coupling (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) to the antennas 337 and 338. The short to medium range wireless communication circuitry 329 and / or cellular communication circuitry 330 may include multiple receive chains and / or multiple transmit chains for receiving and / or transmitting multiple spatial streams, such as in a multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) configuration.

[0056] In some embodiments, as further described below, cellular communication circuitry330 may include dedicated receive chains (including and / or coupled to, e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly, dedicated processors and / or radios) for multiple radio access technologies (RATs) (e.g., a first receive chain for LTE and a second receive chain for 5G NR). In addition, in some embodiments, cellular communication circuitry 330 may include a single transmit chain that may be switched between radios dedicated to specific RATs. For example, a first radio may be dedicated to a first RAT, e.g., LTE, and may be in communication with a dedicated receive chain and a transmit chain shared with an additional radio, e.g., a second radio that may be dedicated to a second RAT, e.g., 5GNR, and may be in communication with a dedicated receive chain and the shared transmit chain.

[0057] The communication device 106 may also include and / or be configured for use with one or more user interface elements. The user interface elements may include any of various elements, such as display 360 (which may be a touchscreen display), a keyboard (which may be a discrete keyboard or may be implemented as part of a touchscreen display), a mouse, a microphone and / or speakers, one or more cameras, one or more buttons, and / or any of various other elements capable of providing information to a user and / or receiving or interpreting user input.

[0058] The communication device 106 may further include one or more smart cards 345 that include SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) functionality, such as one or more UICC(s) (Universal Integrated Circuit Card(s)) cards 345.

[0059] As shown, the set of components 300 may include processor(s) 302, which may execute program instructions for the communication device 106 and display circuitry 304, which may perform graphics processing and provide display signals to the display 360. The processor(s) 302 may also be coupled to memory management unit (MMU) 340, which may be configured to receive addresses from the processor(s) 302 and translate those addresses to locations in memory (e.g., memory 306, read only memory (ROM) 350, NAND flash memory 310) and / or to other circuits or devices, such as the display circuitry 304, short range wireless communication circuitry 229, cellular communication circuitry 330, connector I / F 320, and / or display 360. The MMU 340 may be configured to perform memory protection and page table translation or set up. In some embodiments, the MMU 340 may be included as a portion of the processor(s) 302.

[0060] As noted above, the communication device 106 may be configured to communicate using wireless and / or wired communication circuitry. The communication device 106 may be configured to transmit a request to attach to a first network node operating according to the first RAT (e.g., 5G NR, 4G LTE, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, et cetera) and transmit an indication that the wireless device is capable of maintaining substantially concurrent connections with the first network node and a second network node that operates according to the second RAT (e.g., 5G NR, 4G LTE, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, et cetera). The wireless device may also be configured transmit a request to attach to the second network node. The request may include an indication that the wireless device is capable of maintaining substantially concurrent connections with the first and second network nodes. Further, the wireless device may beconfigured to receive an indication that dual connectivity with the first and second network nodes has been established.

[0061] As described herein, the communication device 106 may include hardware and software components for implementing the above features for supporting beam management reporting. The processor(s) 302 of the communication device 106 may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein, e.g., by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium). Alternatively (or in addition), processor(s) 302 may be configured as a programmable hardware element, such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit). Alternatively (or in addition) the processor(s) 302 of the communication device 106, in conjunction with one or more of the other components (e.g., SOC 300, display circuitry 304, memory 306, NAND flash memory 310, connector I / F 320, short to medium range wireless communication circuitry 329, cellular communication circuitry 330, MMU 340, smart cards 345, memory ROM 350, display 360) may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein.

[0062] In addition, as described herein, processor(s) 302 may include one or more processing elements. Thus, processor(s) 302 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of processor(s) 302. In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, et cetera) configured to perform the functions of processor(s) 302.

[0063] Further, as described herein, cellular communication circuitry 330 and short to medium range wireless communication circuitry 329 may each include one or more processing elements. In other words, one or more processing elements may be included in cellular communication circuitry 330 and, similarly, one or more processing elements may be included in short to medium range wireless communication circuitry 329. Thus, cellular communication circuitry 330 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of cellular communication circuitry 330. In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, et cetera) configured to perform the functions of cellular communication circuitry 330. Similarly, the short to medium range wireless communication circuitry 329 may include one or more ICs that are configured to perform the functions of short to medium range wireless communication circuitry 329. In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, et cetera) configured to perform the functions of short to medium range wireless communication circuitry 329.

[0064] FIG. 4 illustrates an example block diagram of a base station 102, according to some embodiments. It is noted that the base station of FIG. 4 is merely one example of a possible base station. As shown, the base station 102 may include processor(s) 404 which may execute program instructions for the base station 102. The processor(s) 404 may also be coupled to memory management unit (MMU) 440, which may be configured to receive addresses from the processor(s) 404 and translate those addresses to locations in memory (e.g., memory 460 and read only memory (ROM) 450) or to other circuits or devices.

[0065] The base station 102 may include at least one network port 470. The network port 470 may be configured to couple to a telephone network and provide a plurality of devices, such as UE devices 106, access to the telephone network as described above in FIGS. 1 and 2.

[0066] The network port 470 (or an additional network port) may also or alternatively be configured to couple to a cellular network, e.g., a core network of a cellular service provider. The core network may provide mobility related services and / or other services to a plurality of devices, such as UE devices 106. In some cases, the network port 470 may couple to a telephone network via the core network, and / or the core network may provide a telephone network (e.g., among other UE devices serviced by the cellular service provider).

[0067] In some embodiments, base station 102 may be a next generation base station, e.g., a 5G New Radio (5G NR) base station, or “next generation Node B,” “gNodeB,” “gNB”. In such embodiments, base station 102 may be connected to a legacy evolved packet core (EPC) network and / or to a NR core (NRC) network. In addition, base station 102 may be considered a 5G NR cell and may include one or more transition and reception points (TRPs). In addition, a UE capable of operating according to 5G NR may be connected to one or more TRPs within one or more gNBs.

[0068] The base station 102 may include at least one antenna 434, and possibly multiple antennas, such as an array of antennas. The at least one antenna 434 may be configured to operate as a wireless transceiver and may be further configured to communicate with UE devices 106 via radio 430. The antenna 434 communicates with the radio 430 via communication chain 432. Communication chain 432 may be a receive chain, a transmit chain or both. The radio 430 may be configured to communicate via various wireless communication standards, including, but not limited to, 5G NR, LTE, LTE-A, GSM, UMTS, CDMA2000, Wi-Fi, etc.

[0069] The base station 102 may be configured to communicate wirelessly using multiple wireless communication standards. In some instances, the base station 102 may includemultiple radios, which may enable the base station 102 to communicate according to multiple wireless communication technologies. For example, as one possibility, the base station 102 may include an LTE radio for performing communication according to LTE as well as a 5G NR radio for performing communication according to 5G NR. In such a case, the base station 102 may be capable of operating as both an LTE base station and a 5G NR base station. As another possibility, the base station 102 may include a multi-mode radio which is capable of performing communications according to any of multiple wireless communication technologies (e.g., 5G NR and Wi-Fi, LTE and Wi-Fi, LTE and UMTS, LTE and CDMA2000, UMTS and GSM, etc.).

[0070] As described further subsequently herein, the base station 102 may include hardware and software components for implementing or supporting implementation of features described herein. The processor(s) 404 of the base station 102 may be configured to implement or support implementation of part or all of the methods described herein, e.g., by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium). Alternatively, the processor(s) 404 may be configured as a programmable hardware element, such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or a combination thereof. Alternatively (or in addition) the processor(s) 404 of the base station 102, in conjunction with one or more of the other components (e.g., radio 430, communication chain 432, antenna 434, MMU 440, memory ROM 450, memory 460, network port 470) may be configured to implement or support implementation of part or all of the features described herein.

[0071] In addition, as described herein, processor(s) 404 may be comprised of one or more processing elements. In other words, one or more processing elements may be included in processor(s) 404. Thus, processor(s) 404 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of processor(s) 404. In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, etc.) configured to perform the functions of processor(s) 404.

[0072] Further, as described herein, radio 430 may be comprised of one or more processing elements. In other words, one or more processing elements may be included in radio 430. Thus, radio 430 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of radio 430. In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, etc.) configured to perform the functions of radio 430.

[0073] FIG. 5 illustrates an example simplified block diagram of cellular communication circuitry, according to some embodiments. It is noted that the block diagram of the cellular communication circuitry of FIG. 5 is only one example of a possible cellular communication circuit. According to embodiments, cellular communication circuitry 330 may be include in a communication device, such as communication device 106 described above. As noted above, communication device 106 may be a user equipment (UE) device, a mobile device or mobile station, a wireless device or wireless station, a desktop computer or computing device, a mobile computing device (e.g., a laptop, notebook, or portable computing device), a tablet and / or a combination of devices, among other devices.

[0074] The cellular communication circuitry 330 may couple (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) to one or more antennas, such as antennas 335 a-b and 336 as shown. In some embodiments, cellular communication circuitry 330 may include dedicated receive chains (including and / or coupled to, e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly, dedicated processors and / or radios) for multiple RATs (e.g., a first receive chain for LTE and a second receive chain for 5G NR). For example, as shown in FIG. 5, cellular communication circuitry 330 may include a modem 510 and a modem 520. Modem 510 may be configured for communications according to a first RAT, e.g., such as LTE or LTE-A, and modem 520 may be configured for communications according to a second RAT, e.g., such as 5G NR.

[0075] As shown, modem 510 may include one or more processors 512 and a memory 516 in communication with processors 512. Modem 510 may be in communication with a radio frequency (RF) front end 530. RF front end 530 may include circuitry for transmitting and receiving radio signals. For example, RF front end 530 may include receive circuitry 532 (RX circuitry) and transmit circuitry 534 (TX circuitry). In some embodiments, receive circuitry 532 may be in communication with downlink (DL) front end 550, which may include circuitry for receiving radio signals via antenna 335a.

[0076] Similarly, modem 520 may include one or more processors 522 and a memory 526 in communication with processors 522. Modem 520 may be in communication with an RF front end 540. RF front end 540 may include circuitry for transmitting and receiving radio signals. For example, RF front end 540 may include receive circuitry 542 and transmit circuitry 544. In some embodiments, receive circuitry 542 may be in communication with DL front end 560, which may include circuitry for receiving radio signals via antenna 335b.

[0077] In some embodiments, a switch 570 may couple transmit circuitry 534 to uplink (UL) front end 572. In addition, switch 570 may couple transmit circuitry 544 to UL front end 572. UL front end 572 may include circuitry for transmitting radio signals via antenna336. Thus, when cellular communication circuitry 330 receives instructions to transmit according to the first RAT (e.g., as supported via modem 510), switch 570 may be switched to a first state that allows modem 510 to transmit signals according to the first RAT (e.g., via a transmit chain that includes transmit circuitry 534 and UL front end 572). Similarly, when cellular communication circuitry 330 receives instructions to transmit according to the second RAT (e.g., as supported via modem 520), switch 570 may be switched to a second state that allows modem 520 to transmit signals according to the second RAT (e.g., via a transmit chain that includes transmit circuitry 544 and UL front end 572).

[0078] As described herein, the modem 510 may include hardware and software components for implementing the above features or for supporting beam management reporting, as well as the various other techniques described herein. The processors 512 may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein, e.g., by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium). Alternatively (or in addition), processor 512 may be configured as a programmable hardware element, such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit). Alternatively (or in addition) the processor 512, in conjunction with one or more of the other components (e.g., RF front end 530, RX circuitry 532, TX circuitry 534, DL front end 550, switch 570, UL front end 572, antenna 335 and antenna 336) may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein.

[0079] In addition, as described herein, processors 512 may include one or more processing elements. Thus, processors 512 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of processors 512. In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, et cetera) configured to perform the functions of processors 512.

[0080] As described herein, the modem 520 may include hardware and software components for implementing the above features for supporting beam management reporting, as well as the various other techniques described herein. The processors 522 may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein, e.g., by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium). Alternatively (or in addition), processor 522 may be configured as a programmable hardware element, such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit). Alternatively (or in addition) the processor 522, in conjunction with one or more of the other components (e.g., RF front end 540, receive circuitry 542, transmit circuitry 544, DL front end 550, switch 570, UL frontend 572, antenna 335 and antenna 336) may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein.

[0081] In addition, as described herein, processors 522 may include one or more processing elements. Thus, processors 522 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of processors 522. In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, et cetera) configured to perform the functions of processors 522.

[0082] FIG. 6 illustrates an example block diagram of reporting beam management. Process 600 begins with an optional step 606, in which BS 602 configures with the UE 604 a second set of transmitted beams, the report of top predicted beams from a first set of beams for which a predicted RSRP value and a predicted beam index are to be identified, and / or a threshold RSRP value. Process 600 continues to step 608, in which BS 602 transmits the second set of transmitted beams to UE 604 for beam prediction and RSRP prediction in the first set of beams.

[0083] Process 600 continues to step 610, in which UE 604 performs beam prediction and RSRP prediction in the first set of beams, and identifies a predicted RSRP value corresponding to a predicted beam index. The predicted RSRP may be identified based on AI / ML output. UE 604 further conducts a threshold test on the predicted beam index using the predicted RSRP value, to determine whether the predicted beam index should be reported to BS 602. The threshold test includes comparing the predicted RSRP value to a threshold RSRP value, and determining whether the predicted RSRP value exceeds the threshold RSRP value.

[0084] The threshold RSRP may be determined based on one or more factors. For example, the threshold RSRP value may be determined based on a radio resource control (RRC) message. The threshold RSRP value may be determined based on a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) message or a downlink control information (DCI) message. Without wishing to be bound by theory, RRC configured threshold may be more static, whereas MAC-CE / DCI configured threshold may be more dynamic and can adapt to the UE conditions. The threshold RSRP value may be based on a location of the UE within a cell of a network. Without wishing to be bound by theory, the threshold RSRP value may be lower when the UE is proximate an edge of the cell, and the threshold RSRP value may be higher when the UE is proximate a center of the cell.

[0085] Alternatively, the threshold RSRP value may be provided based on a specification. For example, the threshold may be a fixed value specified in RAN4 / TS 38.133. Thethreshold may also be based on nominal RSRP agreed. The threshold RSRP value may also be a threshold RSRP range. A threshold RSRP range may include an upper threshold below which to report the predicted beam index and a lower threshold above which to report the predicted beam index. In such embodiments, the method includes providing a threshold RSRP range based on the specification; comparing the predicted RSRP value to the threshold RSRP range; and reporting, by the UE, the predicted beam index corresponding to the predicted RSRP value in response to the predicted RSRP value within the threshold RSRP range. The threshold RSRP range may be defined from -140 to -44 dBm with 1 dB resolution. The threshold RSRP range may be synchronization signal RSRP (SS-RSRP) and channel state information RSRP (CSI-RSRP) range.

[0086] The threshold RSRP may also be an implicit threshold based on UE determination. For example, the threshold RSRP value may be determined based on a serving cell RSRP. The serving cell RSRP may be measured by the UE. The threshold RSRP value may be determined as the serving cell RSRP minus a predetermined value. The predetermined value may be determined based on a message including the predetermined value and received from a network or the BS. Alternatively, the predetermined value may be set as a fixed value in the specification and provided based on a specification.

[0087] Process 600 continues to step 612, in which UE 604 reports BS 602 the predicted beam index corresponding to the predicted RSRP value in response to the predicted RSRP value exceeding the threshold RSRP value. Thus, UE 604 reports BS 602 the predicted beam index based on top beams meeting the threshold criteria described herein.

[0088] Process 600 continues to step 614, in which BS 602 activates an active transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state in UE 604 based on the predicted beam index received from UE 604.

[0089] In these and other ways, components / techniques described hereby may provide many technical advantages. For instance, the computer-based techniques of the current disclosure improve the functioning of a telecommunications system as compared to conventional approaches because the techniques enable reporting of beam management such that the reported information may be used by the BS or the NW to form a beam for communication with the UE or to activate an active TCI state in the UE to improve wireless communication, particularly when the beam management is conducted using an AI / ML system, e.g., when the predicted RSRP value is identified based on AI / ML output. Accordingly, embodiments disclosed hereby can be practically utilized to improve the functioning of a computer and / or to improve a variety of technical fields includingtelecommunications, computer networks, beam management, beam management reporting, resource utilization, low latency communications, URLLC, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and / or user experience.

[0090] FIG. 7 illustrates a logic flow of an example technique associated with reporting beam management according to some embodiments. Aspects of logic flow 700 may relate to various embodiments described hereby. Logic flow 700 may begin at block 702. Block 702 identifies a predicted RSRP value corresponding to a predicted beam index. A predicted RSRP value may be identified based on AI / ML output. Logic flow 700 continues to block 704, where it compares the predicted RSRP value to a threshold RSRP value. The threshold RSRP value may be obtained by any methods described herein. When the predicted RSRP value exceeds the threshold RSRP value, logic flow 700 moves to the next block. Logic flow 700 continues to block 706, where the UE (such as UE 604) reports to the BS (such as BS 602, which can be gNB) the predicted beam index corresponding to the predicted RSRP value in response to the predicted RSRP value exceeding the threshold RSRP value.

[0091] FIG. 8 illustrates a logic flow of an example technique associated with reporting beam management according to some embodiments. Aspects of logic flow 800 may relate to various embodiments described hereby. Logic flow 800 may begin at block 802. Block 802 identifies a report associated with a UE and comprising a predicted beam index corresponding to an RSRP value exceeding an RSRP threshold. Logic flow 800 continues to block 804, in which the BS (such as BS 602) forms a beam for communication with the UE (such as UE 604) based on the predicted beam index.

[0092] Portions of what was described above may be implemented with logic circuitry such as a dedicated logic circuit or with a microcontroller or other form of processing core that executes program code instructions. Thus, processes taught by the discussion above may be performed with program code such as machine-executable instructions that cause a machine that executes these instructions to perform certain functions. In this context, a “machine” may be a machine that converts intermediate form (or “abstract”) instructions into processor specific instructions (e.g., an abstract execution environment such as a “virtual machine” (e.g., a Java Virtual Machine), an interpreter, a Common Language Runtime, a high-level language virtual machine, etc.), and / or, electronic circuitry disposed on a semiconductor chip (e.g., “logic circuitry” implemented with transistors) designed to execute instructions such as a general-purpose processor and / or a special-purpose processor. Processes taught by the discussion above may also be performed by (in the alternative to a machine or in combination with a machine) electronic circuitry designed to perform the processes (or a portion thereof) without the execution of program code.

[0093] The present disclosure also relates to an apparatus for performing the operations described herein. This apparatus may be specially constructed for the required purpose, or it may comprise a general-purpose computer selectively activated or reconfigured by a computer program stored in the computer. Such a computer program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as, but is not limited to, any type of disk including floppy disks, optical disks, CD-ROMs, and magnetic-optical disks, read-only memories (ROMs), RAMs, EPROMs, EEPROMs, magnetic or optical cards, or any type of media suitable for storing electronic instructions, and each coupled to a computer system bus.

[0094] A machine-readable medium includes any mechanism for storing or transmitting information in a form readable by a machine (e.g., a computer). For example, a machine- readable medium includes read only memory (“ROM”); random access memory (“RAM”); magnetic disk storage media; optical storage media; flash memory devices; et cetera.

[0095] An article of manufacture may be used to store program code. An article of manufacture that stores program code may be embodied as, but is not limited to, one or more memories (e.g., one or more flash memories, random access memories (static, dynamic or other)), optical disks, CD-ROMs, DVD ROMs, EPROMs, EEPROMs, magnetic or optical cards or other type of machine-readable media suitable for storing electronic instructions. Program code may also be downloaded from a remote computer (e.g., a server) to a requesting computer (e.g., a client) by way of data signals embodied in a propagation medium (e.g., via a communication link (e.g., a network connection)).

[0096] There are a number of example embodiments described herein.

[0097] Example l is a method for wireless communication by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: identifying a predicted reference signal received power (RSRP) value corresponding to a predicted beam index; comparing the predicted RSRP value to a threshold RSRP value; and reporting to a base station (BS) the predicted beam index corresponding to the predicted RSRP value in response to the predicted RSRP value exceeding the threshold RSRP value.

[0098] Example 2 is the method of Example 1 that may optionally include identifying the predicted RSRP value for a first set of beams based on a second set of transmitted beams.

[0099] Example 3 is the method of Example 1 that may optionally further include determining the threshold RSRP value based on a second set of beams received from the BS.

[0100] Example 4 is the method of Example 1 that may optionally further include determining the threshold RSRP value based on a radio resource control (RRC) message.

[0101] Example 5 is the method of Example 1 that may optionally further include determining the threshold RSRP value based on a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) message or a downlink control information (DCI) message.

[0102] Example 6 is the method of Example 1 that may optionally include that the threshold RSRP value is based on a location of the UE within a cell of a network.

[0103] Example 7 is the method of Example 6 that may optionally include that the threshold RSRP value is lower when the UE is proximate an edge of the cell and the threshold RSRP value is higher when the UE is proximate a center of the cell.

[0104] Example 8 is the method of Example 1 that may optionally further include providing the threshold RSRP value based on a specification.

[0105] Example 9 is the method of Example 8 that may optionally include: providing a threshold RSRP range based on the specification; comparing the predicted RSRP value to the threshold RSRP range; and reporting to the BS the predicted beam index corresponding to the predicted RSRP value in response to the predicted RSRP value within the threshold RSRP range.

[0106] Example 10 is the method of Example 1 that may optionally include determining the threshold RSRP value based on a serving cell RSRP.

[0107] Example 11 is the method of Example 10 that may optionally further include measuring the serving cell RSRP.

[0108] Example 12 is the method of Example 10 that may optionally include that the threshold RSRP value comprises the serving cell RSRP minus a predetermined value.

[0109] Example 13 is the method of Example 12 that may optionally include that the predetermined value is determined based on a message including the predetermined value and received from a network, or that the predetermined value is provided based on a specification.

[0110] Example 14 is the method of Example 1 that may optionally include that the predicted RSRP is identified based on artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) output.

[0111] Example 15 is a user equipment (UE) comprising one or more processors configured to perform the method of any one of Examples 1 to 14.

[0112] Example 16 is a non-transitory machine-readable medium having executable instructions to cause one or more processing units to perform the method of any one of Examples 1 to 14.

[0113] Example 17 is a user equipment (UE) baseband processor configured to cause a UE to perform the method of any one of Examples 1 to 14

[0114] Example 18 is a method for wireless communication by a base station (BS), the method comprising: identifying a report associated with a user equipment (UE) and comprising a predicted beam index corresponding to a predicted reference signal received power (RSRP) value exceeding an RSRP threshold; and forming a beam for communication with the UE based on the predicted beam index.

[0115] Example 19 is the method of Example 18 that may optionally further include configuring to the UE a second set of transmitted beams and report of top predicted beams from a first set of beams for which the predicted RSRP value and the predicted beam index are to be identified, and / or the threshold RSRP value; and / or transmitting the second set of beams to the UE for beam prediction and RSRP prediction in the first set of beams.

[0116] Example 20 is the method of Example 18 that may optionally further include activating an active transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state in the UE based on the predicted beam index.

[0117] Example 21 is the method of Example 18 that may optionally include that the predicted RSRP is identified based on artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) output.

[0118] Example 22 is a network comprising one or more processors configured to perform the method of any one of Examples 18-21.

[0119] Example 23 is a non-transitory machine-readable medium having executable instructions to cause one or more processing units to perform the method of any one of Examples 18-21.

[0120] The preceding detailed descriptions are presented in terms of algorithms and symbolic representations of operations on data bits within a computer memory. These algorithmic descriptions and representations are the tools used by those skilled in the data processing arts to most effectively convey the substance of their work to others skilled in the art. An algorithm is here, and generally, conceived to be a self-consistent sequence of operations leading to a desired result. The operations are those requiring physical manipulations of physical quantities. Usually, though not necessarily, these quantities take the form of electrical or magnetic signals capable of being stored, transferred, combined, compared, and otherwise manipulated. It has proven convenient at times, principally for reasons of common usage, to refer to these signals as bits, values, elements, symbols, characters, terms, numbers, or the like.

[0121] It should be kept in mind, however, that all of these and similar terms are to be associated with the appropriate physical quantities and are merely convenient labels applied to these quantities. Unless specifically stated otherwise as apparent from the above discussion, it is appreciated that throughout the description, discussions utilizing terms such as “selecting,” “determining,” “receiving,” “forming,” “grouping,” “aggregating,” “generating,” “removing,” or the like, refer to the action and processes of a computer system, or similar electronic computing device, that manipulates and transforms data represented as physical (electronic) quantities within the computer system's registers and memories into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within the computer system memories or registers or other such information storage, transmission or display devices.

[0122] The processes and displays presented herein are not inherently related to any particular computer or other apparatus. Various general-purpose systems may be used with programs in accordance with the teachings herein, or it may prove convenient to construct a more specialized apparatus to perform the operations described. The required structure for a variety of these systems will be evident from the description below. In addition, the present disclosure is not described with reference to any particular programming language. It will be appreciated that a variety of programming languages may be used to implement the teachings of the disclosure as described herein.

[0123] It is well understood that the use of personally identifiable information should follow privacy policies and practices that are generally recognized as meeting or exceeding industry or governmental requirements for maintaining the privacy of users. In particular, personally identifiable information data should be managed and handled so as to minimize risks of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of authorized use should be clearly indicated to users.

[0124] The foregoing discussion merely describes some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. One skilled in the art will readily recognize from such discussion, the accompanying drawings and the claims that various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A method for wireless communication by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: identifying a predicted reference signal received power (RSRP) value corresponding to a predicted beam index; comparing the predicted RSRP value to a threshold RSRP value; and reporting to a base station (BS) the predicted beam index corresponding to the predicted RSRP value in response to the predicted RSRP value exceeding the threshold RSRP value.

2. The method of claim 1, comprising identifying the predicted RSRP value for a first set of beams based on a second set of transmitted beams.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining the threshold RSRP value based on a second set of beams received from the BS.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining the threshold RSRP value based on a radio resource control (RRC) message.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining the threshold RSRP value based on a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) message or a downlink control information (DCI) message.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the threshold RSRP value is based on a location of the UE within a cell of a network.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the threshold RSRP value is lower when the UE is proximate an edge of the cell and the threshold RSRP value is higher when the UE is proximate a center of the cell.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising providing the threshold RSRP value based on a specification.

9. The method of claim 8, comprising: providing a threshold RSRP range based on the specification; comparing the predicted RSRP value to the threshold RSRP range; and reporting to the BS the predicted beam index corresponding to the predicted RSRP value in response to the predicted RSRP value within the threshold RSRP range.

10. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining the threshold RSRP value based on a serving cell RSRP.

11. The method of claim 10, further comprising measuring the serving cell RSRP.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein the threshold RSRP value comprises the serving cell RSRP minus a predetermined value.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the predetermined value is determined based on a message including the predetermined value and received from a network, or wherein the predetermined value is provided based on a specification.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein the predicted RSRP is identified based on artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) output.

15. A user equipment (UE) baseband processor configured to cause a UE to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 14.

16. A user equipment (UE) comprising one or more processors configured to perform operations comprising: identifying a predicted reference signal received power (RSRP) value corresponding to a predicted beam index; comparing the predicted RSRP value to a threshold RSRP value; and reporting to a base station (BS) the predicted beam index corresponding to the predicted RSRP value in response to the predicted RSRP value exceeding the threshold RSRP value.

17. The UE of claim 16, wherein the operations comprise identifying the predicted RSRP value based on beams received from the BS.

18. The UE of claim 16, wherein the operations further comprise determining the threshold RSRP value based on: predicted beam information received from the BS; radio resource control (RRC) message; a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) message; a downlink control information (DCI) message; a location of the UE within a cell of a network;a specification; or a serving cell RSRP.

19. A non-transitory machine-readable medium having executable instructions to cause one or more processing units to perform a method, the method comprising: identifying a predicted reference signal received power (RSRP) value corresponding to a predicted beam index; comparing the predicted RSRP value to a threshold RSRP value; and reporting to a base station (BS) the predicted beam index corresponding to the predicted RSRP value in response to the predicted RSRP value exceeding the threshold RSRP value.

20. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 19, wherein the method comprises identifying the predicted RSRP value based on beams received from the BS.

21. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 19, wherein the method further comprises determining the threshold RSRP value based on: predicted beam information received from the BS; radio resource control (RRC) message; a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) message; a downlink control information (DCI) message; a location of the UE within a cell of a network; a specification; or a serving cell RSRP.

22. A method for wireless communication by a base station (BS), the method comprising: identifying a report associated with a user equipment (UE) and comprising a predicted beam index corresponding to a predicted reference signal received power (RSRP) value exceeding an RSRP threshold; and forming a beam for communication with the UE based on the predicted beam index.

23. The method of claim 22, further comprising configuring to the UE a second set of transmitted beams and report of top predicted beams from a first set of beams for which the predicted RSRP value and the predicted beam index are to be identified, and / or the threshold RSRP value; and / or transmitting the second set of beams to the UE for beam prediction and RSRP prediction in the first set of beams.

24. The method of claim 22, further comprising activating an active transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state in the UE based on the predicted beam index.

25. The method of claim 22, wherein the predicted RSRP is identified based on artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) output.

26. A network comprising one or more processors configured to perform operations comprising: identifying a report associated with a user equipment (UE) and comprising a predicted beam index corresponding to a predicted reference signal received power (RSRP) value exceeding an RSRP threshold; and forming a beam for communication with the UE based on the predicted beam index.

27. The network of claim 26, wherein the operation further comprises configuring to the UE a second set of transmitted beams and report of top predicted beams from a first set of beams for which the predicted RSRP value and the predicted beam index are to be identified, and / or the threshold RSRP value; and / or transmitting the second set of beams to the UE for beam prediction and RSRP prediction in the first set of beams.

28. The network of claim 26, wherein the operation further comprises activating an active transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state in the UE based on the predicted beam index.

29. A non-transitory machine-readable medium having executable instructions to cause one or more processing units to perform a method, the method comprising: identifying a report associated with a user equipment (UE) and comprising a predicted beam index corresponding to a predicted reference signal received power (RSRP) value exceeding an RSRP threshold; and forming a beam for communication with the UE based on the predicted beam index.

30. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 29, the method further comprising: configuring to the UE a second set of transmitted beams and report of top predicted beams from a first set of beams for which the predicted RSRP value and the predicted beam index are to be identified, and / or the threshold RSRP value; and / ortransmitting the second set of beams to the UE for beam prediction and RSRP prediction in the first set of beams.

31. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 29, the method further comprising: activating an active transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state in the UE based on the predicted beam index.

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