Antenna system and scanning method therefor, and communication base station

Abstract

An antenna system, comprising: an antenna device, a plurality of polarization switch modules, and a first radio frequency circuit. The antenna device comprises a plurality of groups of antenna elements; the first radio frequency circuit comprises a collection module, a switching module, and a transceiving module; the collection module is electrically connected to the switching module and the transceiving module, separately; and the transceiving module is electrically connected to the switching module and the plurality of polarization switch modules, separately. The collection module can periodically determine a target group of antenna elements having an optimal signal transceiving effect, and a corresponding target polarization mode, so that under the control of the switching module, the target group of antenna elements can operate in the target polarization mode, achieving the characteristics of direction reconfigurability and polarization reconfigurability, ensuring a communication effect.

Description

Antenna systems and their scanning methods, communication base stations Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and more specifically, to an antenna system and its scanning method, and a communication base station. Background Technology

[0002] Communication base stations, as an important component of mobile communication systems, are generally fixed. However, in the sea, a ship can function as a small communication base station, responsible for the communication of the entire ship. Unlike communication base stations on land, the location of communication base stations in the sea is dynamic.

[0003] In related technologies, communication base stations in marine areas typically include multi-sector antenna devices to achieve 360-degree omnidirectional coverage. However, when these multi-sector antenna devices are operating, the location of the communication base station changes constantly, resulting in inconsistent communication performance in near-shore areas and a continuously deteriorating performance in offshore areas. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a communication base station suitable for use in marine areas to ensure good communication performance in both near-shore and offshore regions.

[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section above is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide an antenna system and its scanning method, as well as a communication base station.

[0007] According to one aspect of this disclosure, an antenna system is provided, comprising:

[0008] The antenna device includes multiple reflectors and multiple sets of antenna elements. The multiple reflectors form a cylindrical structure, and the multiple sets of antenna elements correspond one-to-one with the multiple reflectors. Each set of antenna elements is fixed on the corresponding reflector and located on the outside of the cylindrical structure. The antenna elements are dual-polarized elements.

[0009] Multiple polarization switch modules correspond one-to-one with multiple sets of antenna elements. Each polarization switch module is electrically connected to a corresponding set of antenna elements, and each polarization switch module is also used to adjust the polarization mode of the corresponding set of antenna elements. The polarization mode includes at least vertical polarization.

[0010] The first radio frequency circuit includes a data acquisition module, a switching module, and a transceiver module. The data acquisition module is electrically connected to the switching module and the transceiver module, respectively. The transceiver module is electrically connected to the switching module and a plurality of polarization switch modules, respectively.

[0011] The switching module is used to periodically control the selective conduction of one of the multiple polarization switch modules and to control the selective adjustment of the polarization switch modules among multiple polarization modes. The transceiver module is used to receive the signal strength of each group of antenna elements. The acquisition module is used to select a target group of antenna elements based on multiple first signal strengths of each group of antenna elements under the same polarization mode, and then select a target polarization mode based on multiple second signal strengths of the target group of antenna elements under different polarization modes.

[0012] According to any of the antenna systems described in this disclosure, the antenna element has a first feed port and a second feed port, and the polarization switch module includes a first phase modulation component, a second phase modulation component, and a coupler;

[0013] The coupler has a first input port, a second input port, a first output port, and a second output port. The first phase modulation component is electrically connected to the transceiver module and the first input port, respectively. The second phase modulation component is electrically connected to the transceiver module and the second input port, respectively. The first output port and the second output port are electrically connected to the first feed port and the second feed port of a group of antenna elements, respectively.

[0014] According to any of the antenna systems described in this disclosure, the polarization switch module further includes a third phase modulation component and a fourth phase modulation component;

[0015] The third phase modulation component is electrically connected to the first output port and the first feed port of the group of antenna elements, respectively, and the fourth phase modulation component is electrically connected to the second output port and the second feed port of the group of antenna elements, respectively.

[0016] According to any of the antenna systems described in this disclosure, the third phase modulation component and the fourth phase modulation component are both first phase modulation cables.

[0017] According to any of the antenna systems described in this disclosure, the antenna system further includes a scanning switch module, the scanning switch module including a fifth phase modulation component and a sixth phase modulation component;

[0018] The antenna vibrator has a first feed port and a second feed port. The polarization switch module is connected to the first feed port by the fifth phase modulation component, and the polarization switch module is connected to the second feed port by the sixth phase modulation component.

[0019] According to any of the antenna systems described in this disclosure, the antenna element includes two first feed ports;

[0020] The fifth phase adjustment component includes a first phase shifter, a second phase shifter, and a second phase adjustment cable. The first phase shifter is electrically connected to the polarization switch module, the second phase shifter, and the second phase adjustment cable, respectively. The second phase shifter and the second phase adjustment cable are electrically connected to the two first feed ports, respectively.

[0021] According to any of the antenna systems described in this disclosure, the antenna system further includes a second radio frequency circuit, the second radio frequency circuit including an acquisition module, a switching module, and a transceiver module;

[0022] Each group of antenna elements includes at least one first antenna element and at least one second antenna element. The operating frequency of the first antenna element is higher than that of the second antenna element. The polarization switch module corresponding to at least one first antenna element is electrically connected to the transceiver module of the first radio frequency circuit, and the polarization switch module corresponding to at least one second antenna element is electrically connected to the transceiver module of the second radio frequency circuit.

[0023] According to any of the antenna systems described in this disclosure, the first antenna element and the second antenna element are staggered in the arrangement direction of a group of antenna elements.

[0024] According to any of the antenna systems described in this disclosure, the reflector includes a base plate and a side plate, a plurality of the base plates forming the cylindrical structure, the side plate being located outside the cylindrical structure and fixed to the edge of the base plate along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical structure;

[0025] The side plate has a notch at the edge away from the base plate, and the first antenna element and the notch have an overlapping area in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical structure.

[0026] According to any of the antenna systems described in this disclosure, the reflector includes a support plate, the support plate being fixed to the base plate;

[0027] One of the first antenna element and the second antenna element is fixed to the support plate, and the other is fixed to the base plate. The distance between the first antenna element and the central axis of the cylindrical structure is greater than the distance between the second antenna element and the central axis of the cylindrical structure.

[0028] According to any of the antenna systems described in this disclosure, the base plate has a groove recessed toward the central axis of the cylindrical structure, the support plate covers the opening of the groove, and has a first notch;

[0029] The first antenna element is fixed on the support plate, and the second antenna element passes through the first notch and is fixed at the bottom of the groove.

[0030] According to any of the antenna systems described in this disclosure, the base plate has a second notch, and the support plate is located inside the cylindrical structure and blocks the second notch;

[0031] The first antenna element is fixed on the base plate, and the second antenna element passes through the second notch and is fixed on the support plate.

[0032] According to any of the antenna systems described in this disclosure, the antenna element comprises two feed plates and four radiating elements;

[0033] The two feed plates are orthogonally distributed and connected to the two output ports of the polarization switch module corresponding to the antenna vibrator, respectively; the four radiating elements are fixed on the reflector plate and are rotationally symmetrical along the orthogonal line of the two feed plates. The two radiating elements on the diagonal correspond to one feed plate and are located on both sides of the feed plate, respectively.

[0034] According to any of the antenna systems described in this disclosure, the radiating element is erected on the reflector plate, the antenna vibrator includes a connecting plate, the connecting plate is fixed on the reflector plate, all four radiating elements are fixedly connected to the connecting plate, and the two feed plates are respectively fixedly connected to two adjacent radiating elements.

[0035] According to any of the antenna systems described in this disclosure, the antenna vibrator further includes a limiting plate, which is limited and connected to one end of the four radiating elements away from the reflector.

[0036] According to any of the antenna systems described in this disclosure, the antenna device further includes a base and an antenna cover;

[0037] Multiple reflectors are erected on the base, and the antenna cover is fastened to the multiple reflectors and fixedly connected to the base. The bottom of the antenna cover away from the base is a flat plate structure.

[0038] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a scanning method for an antenna system is provided, the antenna system comprising a plurality of corresponding sets of antenna elements and a plurality of polarization switching modules, the method comprising:

[0039] The multiple polarization switch modules are controlled to be turned on sequentially to obtain the signal strength of each group of antenna elements under the reference polarization mode, thereby obtaining multiple first signal strengths;

[0040] Based on the plurality of first signal strengths, the group of antenna elements with the largest first signal strength is selected from the plurality of groups of antenna elements as the target group of antenna elements;

[0041] The polarization switch module corresponding to the target group antenna vibrator is controlled to switch sequentially under multiple polarization modes, and the signal strength of the target group antenna vibrator under the multiple polarization modes is obtained sequentially to obtain multiple second signal strengths;

[0042] Based on the multiple second signal intensities, the polarization mode with the largest second signal intensity is selected from the multiple polarization modes as the target polarization mode of the target group antenna vibrator;

[0043] Control the target group antenna elements to operate according to the target polarization mode.

[0044] According to any method described in this disclosure, the plurality of polarization switch modules are sequentially turned on to sequentially acquire the signal strength of each group of antenna elements under the reference polarization mode, thereby obtaining a plurality of first signal strengths, including:

[0045] Let i = 1, control the i-th polarization switch module among the plurality of polarization switch modules to turn on, so as to receive the polarization signal of the i-th group of antenna elements under the reference polarization mode;

[0046] The intensity of the polarization signal is obtained to obtain the first signal intensity of the i-th group of antenna elements under the reference polarization mode;

[0047] If i is less than the number of polarization switch modules, then let i = i + 1, and return to the step of controlling the i-th polarization switch module among the plurality of polarization switch modules to turn on.

[0048] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a communication base station is provided, including the antenna system described in the above aspect.

[0049] The embodiments disclosed herein include at least the following technical effects:

[0050] In this embodiment of the disclosure, for the multiple groups of antenna elements included in the antenna device, the target group of antenna elements with the best signal transmission and reception performance, as well as the target polarization mode of the target group of antenna elements, can be periodically determined with the cooperation of the acquisition module, the switching module, the transceiver module, and the polarization switch module. This ensures that the antenna system has optimal directivity and optimal communication performance. Furthermore, under the control of the switching module, the target group of antenna elements can be made to operate in the target polarization mode, thereby achieving the characteristics of direction reconfigurability and polarization reconfigurability, and ensuring the communication performance of the antenna system.

[0051] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0052] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this disclosure, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort.

[0053] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0054] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the signal transmission path of an antenna system provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0055] Figure 3 is a top view of an antenna system provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0056] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna radome provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0057] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of another antenna radome provided in this embodiment.

[0058] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of another antenna device provided in this embodiment.

[0059] Figure 7 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the antenna system shown in Figure 1.

[0060] Figure 8 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the antenna system shown in Figure 6.

[0061] Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of another antenna device provided in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0062] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the signal transmission path of another antenna system provided in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0063] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a polarization switch module provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0064] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of another polarization switch module provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0065] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of another polarization switch module provided in this embodiment.

[0066] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the signal transmission path of another antenna system provided in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0067] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a signal transmission path on a set of antenna elements provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0068] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the signal transmission path on another set of antenna elements provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0069] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a scanning switch module provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0070] Figure 18 is a flowchart illustrating a scanning method for an antenna system provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0071] Reference numerals: 10. Antenna system; 1. Antenna device; 2. Polarization switch module; 3. First RF circuit; 4. Scanning switch module; 5. Second RF circuit; 11. Reflector; 12. Antenna element; 13. Base; 14. Radome; 15. First baffle; 16. Second baffle; 111. Base plate; 112. Side plate; 113. Support plate; 114. Notch; 115. Groove; 116. First notch; 117. Second notch; 121. First antenna element; 122. Second antenna element; 123. Feed plate; 124. Radiating element; 125. Limiting plate; 126. Connecting plate; 21. First phase modulation assembly; 22. Second phase modulation assembly; 23. Coupler; 24. Third phase modulation assembly; 25. Fourth phase modulation assembly; 26. First phase modulation cable; 31. Acquisition module; 32. Switching module; 33. Transceiver module; 34. Power supply module; 41. Fifth phase shifting component; 42. Sixth phase shifting component; 411. First phase shifter; 412. Second phase shifter; 413. Second phase shifting cable; 421. Third phase shifter; 422. Fourth phase shifter; 423. Third phase shifting cable. Detailed Implementation

[0072] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, they are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and therefore detailed descriptions of them will be omitted. Furthermore, the drawings are merely illustrative of this disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0073] Although relative terms such as "up" and "down" are used in this specification to describe the relative relationship of one component of an icon to another, these terms are used only for convenience, such as according to the orientation of the examples shown in the accompanying drawings. It is understood that if the device of the icon is flipped upside down, the component described as "up" will become the component described as "down." When a structure is "up" of another structure, it may mean that the structure is integrally formed on the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" mounted on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" mounted on the other structure through another structure.

[0074] The terms “a,” “one,” “the,” “the,” and “at least one” are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements / components / etc.; the terms “including” and “having” are used to indicate an open-ended inclusion and to mean that there may be other elements / components / etc. in addition to the listed elements / components / etc.; the terms “first,” “second,” and “third,” etc., are used only as markers and are not a limitation on the number of objects.

[0075] Figure 1 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of an antenna system 10 provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, and Figure 2 illustrates a circuit structure schematic diagram of an antenna system provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the antenna system 10 includes: an antenna device 1, multiple polarization switch modules 2, and a first radio frequency circuit 3; the antenna device 1 includes multiple reflectors 11 and multiple sets of antenna elements 12, the multiple reflectors 11 forming a cylindrical structure, the multiple sets of antenna elements 12 corresponding one-to-one with the multiple reflectors 11, each set of antenna elements 12 being fixed on the corresponding reflector 11 and located on the outside of the cylindrical structure, the antenna elements 12 being dual-polarized elements; the multiple polarization switch modules 2 corresponding one-to-one with the multiple sets of antenna elements 12, each polarization switch module 2 being electrically connected to the corresponding set of antenna elements 12, and each polarization switch module 2 also being used to adjust the polarization mode of the corresponding set of antenna elements 12, the polarization mode including at least vertical polarization; the first radio frequency circuit 3 is located inside the cylindrical structure and includes an acquisition module 31, a switching module 32, and a transceiver module 33, the acquisition module 31 being electrically connected to the switching module 32 and the transceiver module 33 respectively, and the transceiver module 33 being electrically connected to the switching module 32 and the multiple polarization switch modules 2 respectively.

[0076] The switching module 32 is used to periodically control the selective conduction of multiple polarization switch modules 2 and to control the selective adjustment of polarization switch modules 2 in multiple polarization modes. The transceiver module 33 is used to receive the signal strength of each group of antenna elements 12. The acquisition module 31 is used to select the target group of antenna elements 12 based on multiple first signal strengths of each group of antenna elements 12 under the same polarization mode, and then select the target polarization mode based on multiple second signal strengths of the target group of antenna elements 12 under different polarization modes.

[0077] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, for the multiple groups of antenna elements 12 included in the antenna device 1, the target group of antenna elements 12 with the best signal transmission and reception effect among the multiple groups of antenna elements 12 can be periodically determined in cooperation with the acquisition module 31, the switching module 32, the transceiver module 33 and the polarization switch module 2, as well as the target polarization mode of the target group of antenna elements 12, so as to ensure that the antenna system 10 has the best directivity and the target antenna system 10 has the best communication effect. Then, under the control of the switching module 32, the target group of antenna elements 12 can be made to work in the target polarization mode, thereby realizing the characteristics of direction reconfigurability and polarization reconfigurability, and ensuring the communication effect of the antenna system 10.

[0078] As shown in Figure 3, the first radio frequency circuit 3 can be set inside the cylindrical structure formed by multiple reflectors 11 to improve the space utilization of the antenna system 10 and reduce the external size of the antenna system 10.

[0079] As shown in Figure 2, the transceiver module 33 has multiple transceiver ports 33a, and each of the multiple transceiver ports 33a corresponds to a multiple reflector 11. Each transceiver port 33a is electrically connected to a set of antenna elements 12 on the corresponding reflector 11 through the corresponding polarization switching module 32.

[0080] Optionally, the transceiver module 33 has a transmit channel, a receive channel, and multiple single-pole double-throw (SPD) switches. Both the transmit and receive channels include SPD switches. Multiple selection terminals of the SPD switches on the transmit and receive channels correspond one-to-one with multiple polarization switch modules 2, respectively forming multiple transmit ports and multiple receive ports of the transceiver module 33. The multiple SPD switches correspond one-to-one with the multiple polarization switch modules 2. The two selection terminals of each SPD switch are connected to one transmit port and one receive port, respectively, and the fixed terminal of each SPD switch forms one transmit / receive port 33a of the transceiver module 33. Thus, the conduction between the transceiver module 33 and a set of antenna elements 12 can be achieved through the SPD switches on the transmit and receive channels, as well as the multiple SPD switches, thereby enabling the transmission or reception of radio frequency signals on the set of antenna elements 12.

[0081] The switching module 32 is electrically connected to the transceiver module 33 to control the selective conduction of multiple transceiver ports 33a on the transceiver module 33, thereby enabling the transceiver module 33 to connect with a polarization switch module 2. This allows the transceiver module 33 to feed radio frequency (RF) signals to a corresponding set of antenna elements 12 via the polarization switch module 2; or to receive RF signals received by a corresponding set of antenna elements 12 along the connected polarization switch module 2. Continuing the above explanation, the switching module 32 can be electrically connected to the single-pole multi-throw (SPMD) switch and the single-pole double-throw (SPCD) switch included in the transceiver module 33, so that when one of the SPMD switches is selectively turned on, the transmit or receive channel can be connected to a polarization switch module 2.

[0082] The acquisition module 31 is electrically connected to the switching module 32 and the transceiver module 33, respectively, so that after the acquisition module 31 determines the target group of antenna elements 12, it sends a control signal to the switching module 32, so that the transceiver module 33 can be connected to a polarization switch module 2 under the control of the switching module 32. Continuing the above example, the receiving channel of the transceiver module 33 may include a coupler connected to each polarization switch module 2, and the acquisition module 31 may include an acquisition channel with a single-pole multi-throw switch, and the multiple selection terminals of the single-pole multi-throw switch shall correspond to multiple acquisition ports corresponding one-to-one with multiple polarization switch modules 2. Each acquisition port shall be coupled to the corresponding coupler, so that when the transceiver module 33 receives the radio frequency signals acquired by a group of antenna elements 12 through the receiving channel, it can acquire the radio frequency signals acquired by that group of antenna elements 12.

[0083] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 2, the first radio frequency circuit 3 also includes a power supply module 34. The power supply module 34 is electrically connected to the acquisition module 31, the switching module 32, the transceiver module 33, and the polarization switch module 2, so as to provide power to the acquisition module 31, the switching module 32, the transceiver module 33, and the polarization switch module 2 through the power supply module 34, thereby ensuring the stability of the antenna system 10.

[0084] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the radio frequency signal fed into the polarization switch module 2 by the first radio frequency circuit 3 can be processed by the polarization switch module 2 to obtain a dual-polarized signal including ±45 degrees, or a dual-polarized signal including horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, or other orthogonal dual-polarized signals.

[0085] Regarding the propagation loss of polarized waves, the propagation loss of vertically polarized waves (electromagnetic waves with the ground as the reference point in engineering, and whose electric field is perpendicular to the ground) is much smaller than that of horizontally polarized waves (electromagnetic waves with the ground as the reference point in engineering, and whose electric field is parallel to the ground). Therefore, the polarization switching module 2 can be configured to switch the polarization of the RF signal fed into the first RF circuit 3, ensuring that it includes at least a vertically polarized wave. For example, the RF signal fed into the first RF circuit 3 can be processed by the polarization switching module 2 (similar to a single-pole double-throw switch) to include both horizontally polarized and vertically polarized signals, thereby enabling the feeding of either horizontally polarized or vertically polarized signals onto the antenna element 12. This ensures long-distance communication performance when the antenna element 12 operates in vertical polarization mode.

[0086] Furthermore, considering the receiving efficiency of the antenna element 12 for polarized waves, the ±45-degree dual-polarized wave has better receiving efficiency compared to the horizontally and vertically polarized dual-polarized wave. Therefore, the polarization switch module 2 can be configured to switch the polarization of the RF signal fed into the first RF circuit 3, including at least a ±45-degree dual-polarized signal. For example, the RF signal fed into the first RF circuit 3 can be processed by the polarization switch module 2 (similar to a liquid crystal coupling switch) to include a +45-degree polarization signal and a -45-degree polarization signal. Then, the +45-degree and -45-degree polarization signals in phase are combined to obtain a vertically polarized signal, enabling the feeding of any polarization wave among the +45-degree, -45-degree, and vertically polarized waves onto the antenna element 12. This ensures both the receiving efficiency when the antenna element 12 operates in +45-degree and -45-degree polarization modes, and the long-distance communication effect when the antenna element 12 operates in vertical polarization mode.

[0087] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG4 or FIG5, the antenna device 1 includes a base 13 and an antenna cover 14; a plurality of reflectors 11 are erected on the base 13, and the antenna cover 14 is fastened to the plurality of reflectors 11 and fixedly connected to the base 13.

[0088] Thus, by setting up the base 13 and the antenna cover 14, the reflector 11 and the antenna vibrator 12 are protected, avoiding the influence of the external environment and extending the service life of the antenna device 1.

[0089] Both the base 13 and the radome 14 are made of non-metallic materials to avoid affecting the electromagnetic beam radiated by the antenna element 12. Furthermore, the base of the radome 14, away from the base 13, can be a hemispherical structure as shown in Figure 4 or a flat plate structure as shown in Figure 5. Compared to a hemispherical base, a flat plate base better ensures the radiation pattern of each antenna element 12 during operation, thereby guaranteeing the antenna radiation effect of the antenna device 1.

[0090] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of reflectors 11 can be 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, etc., and multiple reflectors 11 can divide the antenna device 1 into multiple corresponding sector areas along the circumference of the cylindrical structure. For example, the antenna device 1 includes 4 reflectors 11, in which case the four reflectors form a cylindrical structure with a rectangular circumferential outline, and the four reflectors 11 divide the antenna device 1 into 4 sector areas along the circumference of the cylindrical structure; or as shown in Figures 1 and 3, the antenna device 1 includes 6 reflectors 11, the 6 reflectors form a cylindrical structure with a regular hexagonal circumferential outline, and the 6 reflectors 11 divide the antenna device 1 into 6 sector areas along the circumference of the cylindrical structure.

[0091] Alternatively, adjacent reflectors 11 can be arranged in close contact or spaced apart. When adjacent reflectors 11 are arranged in close contact, the multiple reflectors 11 can be configured as a single integrated structure.

[0092] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1 or FIG6, the reflector 11 includes a base plate 111 and a side plate 112. The multiple base plates form a cylindrical structure, and the side plate 112 is located outside the cylindrical structure and is fixed to the edge of the base plate 111 along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical structure.

[0093] In this configuration, multiple base plates 111 are erected on the base 13 to form a cylindrical structure. Furthermore, both the base plates 111 and the side plates 112 are made of metal to ensure that they reflect electromagnetic beams and prevent mutual interference between antenna elements 12 fixed on adjacent reflector plates 11. Additionally, each base plate 111 has horn-shaped openings on its side plates 112 in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical structure. This allows the electromagnetic beams radiated by the antenna elements 12 to radiate outwards under the reflection of the base plates 111 and side plates 112. Simultaneously, the reflection of the side plates 112 creates a circumferential constraint on the cylindrical structure, ensuring high gain for the antenna elements 12 and thus improving the antenna performance of the antenna device 1.

[0094] The base plate 111 and side plate 112 of the reflector 11 can be formed by bending them as a single piece, or they can be made separately and then fixed together. The case of forming them as a single piece by bending reduces the number of structural components of the reflector 11 and improves the assembly efficiency of the reflector 11.

[0095] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1 or FIG6, the antenna device 1 includes a first baffle 15 and a second baffle 16, the first baffle and the second baffle being located on both sides of the reflector 11 in the direction of the central axis of the cylindrical structure.

[0096] The first baffle 15 and the second baffle 16 are both made of metal to ensure that the electromagnetic beam (vertically polarized wave) radiated by the antenna element 12 is reflected by the setting of the first baffle 15 and the second baffle 16, thereby forming a constraint in the direction of the central axis of the cylindrical structure, ensuring the high gain of the antenna element 12, and thus improving the antenna effect of the antenna device 1.

[0097] In the case where the antenna device 1 described above includes a base 13, the first baffle 15 can be located on the side of the reflector 11 closer to the base 13, and the second baffle 16 can be located on the side of the reflector 11 away from the base 13. In this case, the first baffle 15 is fixedly connected to the base 13 and / or the reflector 11, and the second baffle 16 is fixedly connected to the reflector.

[0098] The antenna device 1 includes multiple first baffles 15 and multiple second baffles 16 corresponding to multiple reflectors 11. As shown in Figures 3 and 6, the multiple first baffles 15 and multiple second baffles 16 are all integral structures and form a ring structure. In this way, the number of structural components included in the antenna device 1 can be reduced, thereby improving the assembly efficiency of the antenna device 1. Alternatively, as shown in Figure 1, each reflector 11 and its corresponding first baffle 15 and second baffle 16 can be made by integral bending to reduce the use of fasteners (such as fixing bolts) and reduce the number of structural components included in the antenna device 1, thereby improving the assembly efficiency of the antenna device 1.

[0099] In this embodiment, the antenna element 12 can be a PCB board element or a sheet metal die-cast element, as long as it can radiate dual-polarized signals. Furthermore, each group of antenna elements 12 can operate under the control of the polarization switch module 2 by the switching module 32 in one of three polarization modes: a first polarization mode, a second polarization mode, and a vertical polarization mode. The first polarization mode and the second polarization mode are orthogonal polarization modes. For example, if the first polarization mode is +45 degrees and the second polarization mode is -45 degrees, then each group of antenna elements 12 can operate in polarization modes including +45 degrees, -45 degrees, and vertical polarization; or if the first polarization mode is horizontal polarization and the second polarization mode is vertical polarization, then each group of antenna elements 12 can operate in polarization modes including horizontal polarization and vertical polarization.

[0100] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG7 or FIG8, the antenna element 12 includes two feed plates 123 and four radiating elements 124; the two feed plates 123 are orthogonally distributed and are respectively connected to the two output ports of the polarization switch module 2 corresponding to the antenna element 12; the four radiating elements 124 are fixed on the reflector plate 11 and are rotationally symmetrical along the orthogonal line of the two feed plates 123, and a pair of radiating elements 124 on the diagonal corresponds to one feed plate 123 and are respectively located on both sides of the feed plate 123.

[0101] Thus, after receiving the feed signals from the two output ports of the polarization switch module 2 through the two feed pieces 123 respectively, each feed piece 123 can be coupled and transmitted with the corresponding pair of radiating elements 124, ensuring the phase synchronization of the feed signals fed into the pair of radiating elements 124 on the diagonal, and at the same time simplifying the feed structure of the antenna vibrator 12.

[0102] The radiating element 124 has a sheet-like structure. The plane where the radiating element 124 is located is parallel to the plane where the feed plate 123 is located. Furthermore, there is an overlap area between the feed plate 123 and a pair of radiating elements 124 on the diagonal, so as to ensure the coupling transmission between the feed plate 123 and the pair of radiating elements 124 on the diagonal.

[0103] Optionally, the antenna element 12 is a PCB board element. For example, the radiating element 124 can be a patch structure. In this case, the radiating element can be fixed to the corresponding reflector 11 by a support member, and the plane where the radiating element 124 is located is parallel to the reflector. Of course, the radiating element 124 can also be other structures, and this disclosure does not limit them.

[0104] Optionally, the antenna element 12 is a sheet metal die-cast element. For example, the radiating element 124 is a U-shaped sheet metal sheet. In this case, the radiating element 124 is erected on the reflector 11, and the plane of the radiating element is perpendicular to the reflector. Of course, the radiating element 124 can also have other structures, and this disclosure does not limit them.

[0105] As shown in Figure 7 or Figure 8, the radiating element 124 is erected on the reflector 11, and the antenna element 12 includes a connecting plate 126, which is fixed to the reflector 11. The radiating element 124 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 126. In this way, the radiating element 124 can be fixed on the reflector 11 by setting the connecting plate.

[0106] In this embodiment, each radiating unit 124 can be fixed to the reflector 11 via a connecting plate 126, in which case each radiating unit 124 and its corresponding connecting plate 126 can be an integrally bent structure; alternatively, a pair of radiating units 124 on the diagonal can be fixed to the reflector 11 via a connecting plate 126, in which case the pair of radiating units 124 on the diagonal can be an integrally bent structure; alternatively, as shown in Figure 7, two adjacent radiating units 124 can be fixed to the reflector 11 via a connecting plate 126, in which case the two adjacent radiating units 124 and their corresponding connecting plates 126 can be an integrally bent structure; alternatively, as shown in Figure 8, four radiating plates can be fixed to the reflector 11 via a connecting plate 126. This embodiment does not limit the specific embodiment. When the four radiating elements 124 are fixed by a connecting plate 126, it not only facilitates the assembly of the antenna vibrator 12 on the reflector plate 11 and improves the assembly efficiency of the antenna vibrator, but also makes it easier to ensure the relative position between the four radiating elements 124 and ensure the dual polarization effect of the antenna vibrator 12.

[0107] It should be noted that when two adjacent radiating units 124 are fixed to the reflector 11 through the same connecting plate 126, since the position of the radiating unit 124 near the reflector is approximately zero, the connection between the two adjacent radiating units 124 will not affect the radiation of electromagnetic waves on the radiating unit.

[0108] Optionally, in conjunction with the case where the radiating element 124 is erected on the reflector 11 as described above, as shown in Figure 9, the antenna vibrator 12 also includes a limiting plate 125, which is limited and connected to the end of the four radiating elements 124 away from the reflector 11.

[0109] Thus, by limiting the connection between the limiting plate 125 and the four radiating units 124, the relative positions of the four radiating units are positioned, preventing any radiating patch from bending or deforming due to gravity. The limiting plate 125 can be an insulating structure to prevent conductivity between the four radiating units 124.

[0110] For example, each of the four radiating elements 124 has a toothed edge away from the reflector 11, and the limiting plate 125 has a limiting hole corresponding to the multiple protrusions. The limiting plate is fitted onto the multiple teeth of the four radiating elements 124 based on the multiple limiting holes.

[0111] It should be noted that the number of feed plates 123 included in the antenna element 12 can be either two or four. In this case, the four feed plates 123 have a rotationally symmetrical structure and correspond one-to-one with the four radiating elements 124. Each feed plate 123 is coupled to its corresponding radiating element. In addition, the polarization switch module 2 can have two first feed ports and two second feed ports. The two first feed ports are electrically connected to a pair of feed plates 123 on the diagonal, and the two second feed ports are electrically connected to a pair of feed plates 123 on the other diagonal.

[0112] In this embodiment of the disclosure, a group of antenna elements 12 fixed on a reflector 11 can be antenna elements 12 operating at the same operating frequency or antenna elements 12 operating at different frequencies.

[0113] When a group of antenna elements 12 includes antenna elements 12 operating at different operating frequencies, as shown in Figure 1 or Figure 6, the group of antenna elements 12 includes at least one first antenna element 121 and at least one second antenna element 122, and the operating frequency of the first antenna element is higher than the operating frequency of the second antenna element 12.

[0114] The number of first antenna elements 121 with higher operating frequencies is greater than the number of second antenna elements 122 with lower operating frequencies. For example, as shown in Figure 1 or Figure 6, a set of antenna elements 12 includes four first antenna elements 121 and two second antenna elements 122.

[0115] Thus, the arrangement of the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 in each group of antenna elements 12 facilitates the improvement of the network coverage of the antenna system 10. For example, the operating frequency range of the first antenna element 121 is 2.1GHz to 3.5GHz, such as 2.1GHz, 2.4GHz, 2.6GHz, 3.0GHz, 3.5GHz, etc.; the operating frequency range of the second antenna element 122 is 700MHz to 900MHz, such as 700MHz, 750MHz, 800MHz, 850MHz, 900MHz, etc.

[0116] It should be noted that a group of antenna elements 12, including antenna elements 12 with operating frequencies, may also include a third antenna element, a fourth antenna element, etc., in addition to the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 mentioned above.

[0117] As shown in FIG10, for the antenna device 1 including the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122, the antenna system 10 further includes a second radio frequency circuit 5. The second radio frequency circuit 5 also includes an acquisition module 31, a switching module 32 and a transceiver module 33. At least one polarization switch module 2 corresponding to the first antenna element 121 is electrically connected to the transceiver module 33 of the first radio frequency circuit 3, and at least one polarization switch module 2 corresponding to the second antenna element 122 is electrically connected to the transceiver module 33 of the second radio frequency circuit 5.

[0118] Thus, through the cooperation of the first radio frequency circuit 3 and the second radio frequency circuit 5, the operation of the first antenna vibrator 121 and the second antenna vibrator 122 with different operating frequencies in each group of antenna vibrators 12 can be realized, thereby ensuring the network coverage of the antenna system 10 and realizing the polarization switching of the first antenna vibrator 121 and the second antenna vibrator 122.

[0119] The second radio frequency circuit 5 can be housed within a cylindrical structure formed by multiple reflectors 11, thereby improving the space utilization of the antenna system 10 and reducing its overall size. The second radio frequency circuit 5 includes a data acquisition module 31, a switching module 32, and a transceiver module 33, which may or may not be the same as those included in the first radio frequency circuit 3. This disclosure does not impose any limitations on this. Furthermore, when each group of antenna elements 12 simultaneously includes a first antenna element 121 and a second antenna element 122 with different operating frequencies, and the antenna system 10 includes the second radio frequency circuit 5, as shown in FIG10, the antenna system 10 includes multiple polarization switch modules 2 corresponding to the first radio frequency circuit 3 and multiple polarization switch modules 2 corresponding to the second radio frequency circuit 5.

[0120] Optionally, for a set of antenna elements 12 fixed on each reflector 11, the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 are staggered in the arrangement direction of the set of antenna elements 12. In this way, the isolation between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 can be effectively achieved, avoiding mutual interference between the first antenna element and the second antenna element 12.

[0121] Specifically, for the vertical centerline of the reflector 11 along the centerline of the cylindrical structure, the first antenna element 121 is biased toward the first side of the vertical centerline, and the second antenna element 122 is biased toward the second side of the vertical centerline, so as to achieve the staggered distribution of the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122.

[0122] Of course, in addition to setting the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 to be staggered, there can also be sufficient spacing between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 in the arrangement direction of a group of antenna elements 12, so as to avoid mutual interference between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element.

[0123] In some embodiments, in conjunction with the above description, for a reflector 11 including a base plate 111 and a side plate 112, as shown in FIG6 or FIG9, the edge of the side plate 112 away from the base plate has a notch 114, and the first antenna vibrator 121 and the notch 114 on the side plate 112 have an overlapping area in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical structure.

[0124] Thus, by providing a notch 114 on the side plate 112 of the reflector 11, the obstruction of the side plate to the high-frequency polarized wave radiated by the first antenna vibrator 121 is reduced, thereby ensuring the radiation effect of the high-frequency polarized wave.

[0125] This can be achieved by having at least one notch 114 on the side plate 112 that corresponds one-to-one with at least one first antenna element 121, so as to ensure the radiation effect of each first antenna element 121 when radiating high-frequency polarized waves.

[0126] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG7 or FIG8, the reflector 11 includes a support plate 113, which is fixed on the base plate 111; one of the first antenna vibrator 121 and the second antenna vibrator 122 is fixed on the support plate 113 and the other is fixed on the base plate 111, and the distance between the first antenna vibrator 121 and the central axis of the cylindrical structure is greater than the distance between the second antenna vibrator 122 and the central axis of the cylindrical structure.

[0127] Thus, by setting the support plate 113, the position of the first antenna vibrator 121 is raised, thereby reducing the obstruction of the high-frequency polarized wave radiated by the side plate 112 included in the reflector plate 11 to the first antenna vibrator, and ensuring the radiation effect of the high-frequency polarized wave.

[0128] Optionally, as shown in FIG7, the base plate 111 has a groove 115 recessed into the central axis of the cylindrical structure, the support plate 113 covers the opening of the groove 115 and has a first notch 116; the first antenna vibrator 121 is fixed on the support plate, and the second antenna vibrator 122 passes through the first notch 116 and is fixed at the bottom of the groove 115.

[0129] Thus, the bottom of the groove 115 on the base plate 111 and the support plate 113 that blocks the groove opening can provide two fixing surfaces with different distances from the central axis of the cylindrical structure, so that the first antenna vibrator 12 can be fixed on the support plate 113 which is farther from the central axis, thereby raising the first antenna vibrator 12 and reducing the obstruction of the high-frequency polarized wave radiated by the side plate 112 included in the reflector 11 on the first antenna vibrator 121, thus ensuring the radiation effect of the high-frequency polarized wave.

[0130] Specifically, the first notch 116 on the support plate 113 can be at least one first antenna element 121 fixed on an integral support plate 113, and the support plate 113 has a first notch 116 through which the second antenna element 122 passes; or the reflector 11 can include multiple support plates 113 corresponding one-to-one with multiple first antenna elements 121, and when fixing the support plate 113 to the base plate 111, the first notch 116 is formed by the interval between two adjacent support plates 113.

[0131] Optionally, as shown in Figure 8, the base plate 111 has a second notch 117, the support plate 113 is located inside the cylindrical structure and blocks the second notch 117; the first antenna vibrator 121 is fixed on the base plate 111, and the second antenna vibrator 122 passes through the second notch and is fixed on the support plate 113.

[0132] In this way, two fixing surfaces with different distances from the central axis of the cylindrical structure can be provided by the base plate 111 and the support plate, so that the first antenna vibrator 12 can be fixed on the base plate 111 which is farther from the central axis, thereby raising the first antenna vibrator 12 and reducing the obstruction of the high-frequency polarized wave radiated by the side plate 112 included in the reflector 11 to the first antenna vibrator 121, thus ensuring the radiation effect of the high-frequency polarized wave.

[0133] In this embodiment, the polarization switch module 2 included in the antenna system 10 can be a module component integrated on a PCB board or a module component connected via a communication cable. The following explanation will use the example of a polarization switch module 2 connected via a communication cable.

[0134] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG11, the antenna element 12 has a first feed port 12a and a second feed port 12b. The polarization switch module 2 includes a first phase modulation component 21, a second phase modulation component 22, and a coupler 23. The coupler 23 has a first input port, a second input port, a first output port, and a second output port. The first phase modulation component 21 is electrically connected to a transceiver port 33a and a first input port of the transceiver module 33, respectively. The second phase modulation component 22 is electrically connected to the same transceiver port 33a and a second input port of the transceiver module 33, respectively. The first output port and the second output port of the coupler 23 are electrically connected to the first feed port 12a and the second feed port 12b of each antenna element 12 in a group of antenna elements 12, respectively.

[0135] Thus, the radio frequency signal fed into the first radio frequency circuit 3 can be phase-modulated by the first phase modulation component 21 and the second phase modulation component 22 respectively, and then coupled by the coupler 23 to obtain the first polarization signal fed into the antenna vibrator 12 along the first feed port 12a, or the second polarization signal fed into the antenna vibrator 12 along the second feed port 12b, or the vertical polarization signal fed into the antenna vibrator along the first feed port 12a and the second feed port 12b.

[0136] The first phase modulation component 21 and the second phase modulation component 22 can be liquid crystal phase shifters, etc., to ensure that the first phase modulation component and the second phase modulation component can arbitrarily modulate the RF signal fed into the first RF circuit 3; the coupler 23 can be a 90-degree coupler, etc. The specific structure of the coupler can refer to relevant technologies, as long as it can ensure that a single polarization signal is output when there is a 90-degree phase difference, and two orthogonal polarization signals are output when the phases are the same.

[0137] For example, taking a first polarization signal as a +45 degree polarization signal and a second polarization signal as a -45 degree polarization signal, the first phase modulation component 21 and the second phase modulation component 22 can modulate the radio frequency signal. When the phase shift difference between the two is +90 degrees, a +45 degree polarization signal fed into the antenna element 12 along the first feed port 12a can be obtained; when the phase shift difference between the two is -90 degrees, a -45 degree polarization signal fed into the antenna element 12 along the second feed port 12b can be obtained; when the phase shift difference between the two is 0 degrees, a +45 degree polarization signal fed into the antenna element 12 along the first feed port 12a and a -45 degree polarization signal fed into the antenna element 12 along the second feed port 12b can be obtained. Then, the vertical polarization signal is obtained by combining the +45 degree polarization signal and the -45 degree polarization signal in the same phase.

[0138] As can be seen from the above examples, the polarization switch module 2, which includes the first phase modulation component 21, the second phase modulation component 22 and the coupler 23, can realize the reconstruction of the antenna vibrator 12 between multiple polarization modes (orthogonal dual polarization, vertical polarization) to ensure that the antenna system 10 can guarantee the signal reception efficiency with a matched polarization mode when receiving signals.

[0139] It should be noted that the first phase modulation component 21 is electrically connected to a transceiver port 33a of the transceiver module 33 and the first input port of the coupler 23, the second phase modulation component 22 is electrically connected to the same transceiver port 33a on the transceiver module 33 and the second input port of the coupler 23, and the first output port and the second output port of the coupler 23 are electrically connected to the first feed port 12a and the second feed port 12b of the antenna vibrator 12, respectively, using communication cables. In conjunction with the above, when the base plate 111 of the reflector 11 has a groove 115, all components of the polarization switch module 2 (first phase modulation component 21, second phase modulation component 22, coupler 23) and the communication cables between each port can be placed in the groove 115 on the base plate 111 to ensure the neatness of the arrangement of the polarization switch module 2 and avoid spatial interference caused by arbitrary distribution of communication cables, or even affect the polarization wave radiation. When the support plate 113 of the reflector 11 is located inside the cylindrical structure, all components of the polarization switch module 2 (first phase modulation component 21, second phase modulation component 22, coupler 23) and the communication cables between each port can be placed in the gap between the base plate 111 and the support plate 113 to ensure the neatness of the arrangement of the polarization switch module 2 and avoid spatial interference caused by arbitrary distribution of communication cables, or even affect the polarization wave radiation.

[0140] Optionally, as shown in Figure 12, the polarization switch module 2 further includes a third phase modulation component 24 and a fourth phase modulation component 25; the third phase modulation component 24 is electrically connected to the first output port of the coupler 23 and the first feed port 12a of each antenna element 12 in the group of antenna elements 12, respectively; the fourth phase modulation component 25 is electrically connected to the second output port of the coupler 23 and the second feed port 12b of each antenna element 12 in the group of antenna elements 12, respectively.

[0141] Thus, the polarization signal after coupling by coupler 23 can be further phase-modulated by the third phase-modulation component 24 and the fourth phase-modulation component 25 to obtain the first polarization signal fed into the antenna element 12 along the first feed port 12a, or the second polarization signal fed into the antenna element 12 along the second feed port 12b, or the vertical polarization signal fed into the antenna element 12 along the first feed port 12a and the second feed port 12b.

[0142] For example, taking a +45 degree polarization signal as the first polarization signal and a -45 degree polarization signal as the second polarization signal, in conjunction with the above description, for the case where the +45 degree polarization signal fed into the first feed port 12a is obtained after coupling processing by coupler 23, and the case where the -45 degree polarization signal fed into the second feed port 12b is obtained after coupling processing by coupler 23, after phase modulation by the third phase modulation component 24 and the fourth phase modulation component 25, regardless of the difference in phase shift, it will not substantially affect the +45 degree polarization signal fed into the first feed port 12a or the -45 degree polarization signal fed into the second feed port 12b.

[0143] In conjunction with the above, for the cases where a +45-degree polarized signal is fed into the antenna element 12 along the first feed port 12a and a -45-degree polarized signal is fed into the antenna element 12 along the second feed port 12b after coupling processing by the coupler 23, after phase modulation by the third phase modulation component 24 and the fourth phase modulation component 25, when the phase shift difference is +90 degrees, the +45-degree polarized signal is 90 degrees ahead of the -45-degree polarized signal, and thus a left-hand circularly polarized signal can be obtained after synthesis by the antenna element 12; when the phase shift difference is -90 degrees, the +45-degree polarized signal is 90 degrees behind the -45-degree polarized signal, and thus a right-hand circularly polarized signal can be obtained after synthesis by the antenna element 12.

[0144] As can be seen from the above examples, the polarization switch module 2, which includes the third phase modulation component 24 and the fourth phase modulation component 25, can realize the reconstruction of the antenna vibrator 12 among multiple polarization modes (orthogonal dual polarization, vertical polarization, circular polarization, elliptical polarization) to ensure that the antenna system 10 can ensure signal reception efficiency with a more matched polarization mode when receiving signals.

[0145] The third phase modulation component 24 and the fourth phase modulation component 25 can both be liquid crystal phase shifters, etc., to ensure that the third phase modulation component 24 and the fourth phase modulation component 25 can arbitrarily modulate the RF signal after it has been coupled by the coupler 23. Of course, as shown in Figure 13, the third phase modulation component 24 and the fourth phase modulation component 25 can both be the first phase modulation cable 26, etc., to reduce the loss of the RF signal when it is transmitted along the third phase modulation component 24 and the fourth phase modulation component 25, thereby ensuring the radiation power of the antenna element 12.

[0146] When one of the third phase modulation assembly 24 and the fourth phase modulation assembly 25 is the first phase modulation cable 26, the first phase modulation cable 26 can be directly installed in the gap between the base plate 111 and the support plate 113, and simultaneously connect to one output port of the coupler 23 and one feed port of the antenna element 12 in the group of antenna elements 12; alternatively, the first phase modulation cable 26 can be assembled through a junction box, and the junction box has wiring ports corresponding to both ends of the first phase modulation cable 26, with the two wiring ports respectively connected to one output port of the coupler 23 and one feed port of the antenna element 12 in the group of antenna elements 12.

[0147] For example, if both the third phase modulation component 24 and the fourth phase modulation component 25 are first phase modulation cables 26, the polarization switch module 2 may include two sets of phase modulation cables, each set including two first phase modulation cables 26. In the first set, the two first phase modulation cables 26 are of equal length, so that there is no difference in phase shift after phase modulation through the two first phase modulation cables 26 in the first set. In the second set, the two first phase modulation cables 26 are of different lengths, and the difference in phase shift after phase modulation through the two first phase modulation cables 26 is 90 degrees. In this case, the shorter first phase modulation cable 26 in the second set can be used as the third phase modulation component 24, and the longer first phase modulation cable 26 can be used as the fourth phase modulation component 25 to obtain a left-hand circular polarization signal; or the longer first phase modulation cable 26 in the second set can be used as the third phase modulation component 24, and the shorter first phase modulation cable 26 can be used as the fourth phase modulation component 25 to obtain a right-hand circular polarization signal.

[0148] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG14, and FIG15 or FIG16, the antenna system 10 further includes a scanning switch module 4, which includes a fifth phase modulation component 41 and a sixth phase modulation component 42; the antenna vibrator 12 has a first feed port 12a and a second feed port 12b, the polarization switch module 2 is connected to the first feed port 12a through the fifth phase modulation component 41, and the polarization switch module 2 is connected to the second feed port 12b through the sixth phase modulation component 42.

[0149] The fifth phase modulation component 41 and the sixth phase modulation component 42 can both be phase modulation components similar to liquid crystal phase shifters, so as to realize arbitrary phase modulation or gradient phase modulation of the radio frequency signal fed into the polarization switch module 2, thereby realizing beam scanning through the antenna vibrator 12.

[0150] For example, taking a first polarization signal of +45 degrees and a second polarization signal of -45 degrees as an example, the first phase modulation component 21 and the second phase modulation component 22 can modulate the RF signal. When the phase shift difference between the two is +90 degrees, a +45 degree polarization signal can be obtained that is fed into the antenna element 12 along the first feed port 12a. Then, under the action of the fifth phase modulation component 41 and the sixth phase modulation component 42, continuous beam scanning can be achieved through the +45 degree polarization signal. When the phase shift difference between the two is -90 degrees, a -45 degree polarization signal can be obtained that is fed into the antenna element 12 along the second feed port 12b. A 5-degree polarization signal is used, and then, under the action of the fifth phase modulation component 41 and the sixth phase modulation component 42, continuous beam scanning is achieved through a -45-degree polarization signal. When the phase shift difference between the two is 0 degrees, a +45-degree polarization signal fed into the antenna element 12 along the first feed port 12a and a -45-degree polarization signal fed into the antenna element along the second feed port 12b can be obtained. Then, the vertical polarization signal is obtained by combining the +45-degree polarization signal and the -45-degree polarization signal in the same phase. Then, under the action of the fifth phase modulation component 41 and the sixth phase modulation component 42, continuous beam scanning is achieved through the vertical polarization signal.

[0151] Optionally, as shown in Figure 17, the antenna element 12 includes two first feed ports 12a. In this case, the fifth phase modulation assembly 41 includes a first phase shifter 411, a second phase shifter 412, and a second phase modulation cable 413. The first phase shifter 411 is electrically connected to the polarization switch module 2, the second phase shifter 412, and the second phase modulation cable 413, respectively. The second phase shifter 412 and the second phase modulation cable 413 are electrically connected to the two first feed ports 12a, respectively.

[0152] Of course, the fifth phase modulation component 41 can also be other structures, as long as it can achieve synchronous phase modulation of the polarization signals fed into the two first feed ports 12a of the antenna vibrator 12.

[0153] Optionally, as shown in Figure 17, the antenna element 12 includes two second feed ports 12b. In this case, the sixth phase modulation assembly 42 includes a third phase shifter 421, a fourth phase shifter 422, and a third phase modulation cable 423. The third phase shifter 421 is electrically connected to the polarization switch module 2, the fourth phase shifter 422, and the third phase modulation cable 423, respectively. The fourth phase shifter 422 and the third phase modulation cable 423 are electrically connected to the two second feed ports 12b, respectively.

[0154] Of course, the sixth phase modulation component 42 can also be other structures, as long as it can achieve synchronous phase modulation of the polarization signals fed into the two second feed ports 12b of the antenna vibrator 12.

[0155] Figure 18 illustrates a scanning method for an antenna system provided in this disclosure. The antenna system includes multiple sets of antenna elements and multiple polarization switch modules that correspond one-to-one. As shown in Figure 18, the method includes steps S110 to S150.

[0156] Step S110: Control multiple polarization switch modules to turn on sequentially, so as to obtain the signal strength of each group of antenna elements under the reference polarization mode, and obtain multiple first signal strengths.

[0157] Step S120: Based on multiple first signal strengths, select the group of antenna elements with the largest first signal strength from multiple groups of antenna elements as the target group of antenna elements.

[0158] Step S130: Control the polarization switch module corresponding to the target group antenna vibrator to switch sequentially under multiple polarization modes, and sequentially obtain the signal strength of the target group antenna vibrator under multiple polarization modes to obtain multiple second signal strengths.

[0159] Step S140: Based on multiple second signal strengths, select the polarization mode with the largest second signal strength from multiple polarization modes as the target polarization mode of the target group antenna vibrator.

[0160] Step S150: Control the target group antenna vibrator to work according to the target polarization mode.

[0161] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the target group of antenna elements with the best communication performance among multiple groups of antenna elements can be determined through the above steps S110 and S120, thereby realizing the directional reconfigurability of the antenna system; then, through the above steps S130 and S140, the target polarization mode with the best communication performance among the multiple polarization modes of the target group of antenna elements can be determined, thereby realizing the polarization reconfigurability of the antenna system; thus, the target group of antenna elements can be controlled to work under the target polarization mode, effectively ensuring the communication performance of the antenna system.

[0162] Specifically, step S110 may include: setting i = 1, controlling the i-th polarization switch module among the multiple polarization switch modules to turn on, so as to receive the polarization signal of the i-th group of antenna elements under the reference polarization mode; obtaining the intensity of the polarization signal to obtain the first signal intensity of the i-th group of antenna elements under the reference polarization mode; if i is less than the number of polarization switch modules, then setting i = i + 1, and returning to the step of controlling the i-th polarization switch module among the multiple polarization switch modules to turn on.

[0163] Specifically, step S130 may include: setting j=1, controlling the polarization switch module corresponding to the target group antenna vibrator to operate according to the j-th polarization mode, so as to receive the polarization signal of the target group antenna vibrator under the j-th polarization mode; obtaining the intensity of the polarization signal to obtain the second signal intensity under the j-th polarization mode; if j is less than the number of polarization modes of the target group antenna vibrator, then setting j=j+1, and returning to the step of controlling the polarization switch module corresponding to the target group antenna vibrator to operate according to the j-th polarization mode.

[0164] In some embodiments, the antenna system may be as described in the above embodiments, that is, the antenna system further includes a first radio frequency circuit, which includes an acquisition module, a switching module, and a transceiver module. Accordingly, the scanning method of the antenna system includes:

[0165] Step S110: The switching module controls multiple polarization switch modules to be turned on sequentially, so that the acquisition module can sequentially acquire the signal strength of each group of antenna elements under the reference polarization mode, and obtain multiple first signal strengths; Step S120: Based on the multiple first signal strengths, the acquisition module selects the group of antenna elements with the largest first signal strength from the multiple groups of antenna elements as the target group of antenna elements; Step S130: The switching module controls the polarization switch module corresponding to the target group of antenna elements to switch sequentially under multiple polarization modes, and acquires the signal strength of the target group of antenna elements under multiple polarization modes sequentially through the acquisition module, and obtains multiple second signal strengths; Step S140: Based on the multiple second signal strengths, the acquisition module selects the polarization mode with the largest second signal strength from the multiple polarization modes as the target polarization mode of the target group of antenna elements; Step S150: The switching module controls the polarization switch module corresponding to the target group of antenna elements to be turned on, and operates according to the target polarization mode.

[0166] Specifically, step S110 can be: Let i = 1, the switching module controls the i-th polarization switch module among the multiple polarization switch modules to be turned on, so as to receive the polarization signal of the i-th group of antenna elements under the reference polarization mode through the transceiver module; the acquisition module obtains the intensity of the polarization signal to obtain the first signal intensity of the i-th group of antenna elements under the reference polarization mode; if i is less than the number of multiple polarization switch modules, then let i = i + 1, and return to the step of the switching module controlling the i-th polarization switch module among the multiple polarization switch modules to be turned on.

[0167] Specifically, step S130 can be as follows: Let j = 1, the switching module controls the polarization switch module corresponding to the target group antenna vibrator to work according to the j-th polarization mode, so as to receive the polarization signal of the target group antenna vibrator under the j-th polarization mode through the transceiver module; the acquisition module obtains the intensity of the polarization signal and obtains the second signal intensity under the j-th polarization mode; if j is less than the number of polarization modes, let j = j + 1, and return to the step of the switching module controlling the polarization switch module corresponding to the target group antenna vibrator to work according to the j-th polarization mode.

[0168] It should be noted that although the steps of the scanning method of the antenna system in this disclosure are described in a specific order in the accompanying drawings, this does not require or imply that these steps must be performed in that specific order, or that all the steps shown must be performed to achieve the desired result. Additional or alternative steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into one step, and / or one step may be broken down into multiple steps.

[0169] This disclosure also provides a communication base station, including the antenna system 10 described in the above embodiments. Combined with the antenna system 10 described in the above embodiments, this communication base station can effectively guarantee communication performance based on its directional and polarization reconfigurability characteristics.

[0170] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An antenna system, wherein, The antenna system comprises: an antenna device comprising a plurality of reflecting plates and a plurality of groups of antenna elements, the plurality of reflecting plates surrounding a cylindrical structure, and the plurality of groups of antenna elements corresponding to the plurality of reflecting plates one by one, each group of antenna elements being fixed on a corresponding reflecting plate and located outside the cylindrical structure, and the antenna elements being dual-polarized elements; a plurality of polarization switch modules corresponding to the plurality of groups of antenna elements one by one, each polarization switch module being electrically connected to a corresponding group of antenna elements, and each polarization switch module being used to adjust the polarization mode of the corresponding group of antenna elements, the polarization mode at least including vertical polarization; a first radio frequency circuit comprising a collection module, a switching module and a transceiver module, the collection module being electrically connected to the switching module and the transceiver module respectively, and the transceiver module being electrically connected to the switching module and the plurality of polarization switch modules respectively; the switching module being used to periodically control the selective conduction of the plurality of polarization switch modules and the selective adjustment of the polarization switch modules in a plurality of polarization modes, the transceiver module being used to receive the signal strength of each group of antenna elements, and the collection module being used to select a target group of antenna elements based on a plurality of first signal strengths of each group of antenna elements in the same polarization mode, and then select a target polarization mode based on a plurality of second signal strengths of the target group of antenna elements in different polarization modes.

2. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein, The antenna elements have first feeding ports and second feeding ports, and the polarization switch module comprises first phase adjusting components, second phase adjusting components and a coupler; the coupler has first input ports, second input ports and first output ports and second output ports, the first phase adjusting components are electrically connected to the transceiver module and the first input ports respectively, the second phase adjusting components are electrically connected to the transceiver module and the second input ports respectively, and the first output ports and the second output ports are electrically connected to the first feeding ports and the second feeding ports of a group of antenna elements respectively.

3. The antenna system of claim 2, wherein, The polarization switch module further comprises third phase adjusting components and fourth phase adjusting components; the third phase adjusting components are electrically connected to the first output ports and the first feeding ports of a group of antenna elements respectively, and the fourth phase adjusting components are electrically connected to the second output ports and the second feeding ports of a group of antenna elements respectively.

4. The antenna system of claim 3, wherein, The third phase adjusting components and the fourth phase adjusting components are first phase cables.

5. The antenna system of any of claims 1-4, wherein, The antenna system further comprises a scanning switch module, and the scanning switch module comprises fifth phase adjusting components and sixth phase adjusting components; The antenna elements have first feeding ports and second feeding ports, the fifth phase adjusting components are connected between the polarization switch module and the first feeding ports, and the sixth phase adjusting components are connected between the polarization switch module and the second feeding ports.

6. The antenna system of claim 5, wherein, The antenna elements comprise two first feeding ports; The fifth phase modulation assembly comprises a first phase shifter, a second phase shifter and a second phase modulation cable, the first phase shifter is electrically connected with the polarization switch module, the second phase shifter and the second phase modulation cable respectively, and the second phase shifter and the second phase modulation cable are electrically connected with two first feeding ports respectively.

7. The antenna system of any of claims 1-4, wherein, The antenna system further comprises a second radio frequency circuit, the second radio frequency circuit comprises a collection module, a switching module and a transceiver module; Each group of the antenna elements comprises at least one first antenna element and at least one second antenna element, the working frequency of the first antenna element is higher than that of the second antenna element, the polarization switch module corresponding to at least one first antenna element is electrically connected with the transceiver module of the first radio frequency circuit, and the polarization switch module corresponding to at least one second antenna element is electrically connected with the transceiver module of the second radio frequency circuit.

8. The antenna system of claim 7, wherein, In the arrangement direction of one group of the antenna elements, the first antenna elements and the second antenna elements are distributed in a staggered manner.

9. The antenna system of claim 7, wherein, The reflector plate comprises a bottom plate and a side plate, a plurality of bottom plates surround the cylindrical structure, the side plate is located outside the cylindrical structure and is fixed to the edge of the bottom plate along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical structure; The edge of the side plate away from the bottom plate has a notch, and the first antenna element and the notch have an overlapping area in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical structure.

10. The antenna system of claim 9, wherein, The reflector plate comprises a support plate, and the support plate is fixed to the bottom plate; One of the first antenna element and the second antenna element is fixed to the support plate, and the other is fixed to the bottom plate, and the distance between the first antenna element and the central axis of the cylindrical structure is greater than the distance between the second antenna element and the central axis of the cylindrical structure.

11. The antenna system of claim 10, wherein, The bottom plate has a groove recessed towards the central axis of the cylindrical structure, the support plate covers the slot opening of the groove, and has a first notch; The first antenna element is fixed to the support plate, and the second antenna element passes through the first notch and is fixed to the groove bottom.

12. The antenna system of claim 10, wherein, The bottom plate has a second notch, the support plate is located inside the cylindrical structure and covers the second notch; The first antenna element is fixed to the bottom plate, and the second antenna element passes through the second notch and is fixed to the support plate.

13. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein, The antenna element comprises two feeding pieces and four radiation units; The two feeding pieces are distributed orthogonally and connected with two output ports of the polarization switch module corresponding to the antenna element respectively; the four radiation units are fixed to the reflector plate and are rotationally symmetrical along the orthogonal line of the two feeding pieces, two radiation units on the diagonal line correspond to one feeding piece and are located on both sides of the feeding piece respectively.

14. The antenna system of claim 13, wherein, The radiation unit is vertically arranged on the reflector plate, the antenna element comprises a connecting plate, the connecting plate is fixed to the reflector plate, four radiation units are fixedly connected with the connecting plate, and the two feeding pieces are fixedly connected with two adjacent radiation units respectively.

15. The antenna system of claim 14, wherein, The antenna element further comprises a limiting plate, and the limiting plate is limitingly connected with one end of the four radiation units away from the reflector plate.

16. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein, The antenna device further comprises a base and a radome; A plurality of the reflecting plates are arranged on the base, the radome is buckled on the plurality of the reflecting plates and is fixedly connected with the base, and a radome bottom of the radome away from the base is a flat plate structure.

17. A scanning method of an antenna system, wherein, The antenna system comprises a plurality of groups of antenna elements and a plurality of polarization switch modules in one-to-one correspondence, and the method comprises: controlling the plurality of polarization switch modules to be sequentially turned on to sequentially obtain signal strengths of each group of the antenna elements in a reference polarization mode, and obtain a plurality of first signal strengths; based on the plurality of first signal strengths, selecting a group of antenna elements with the maximum first signal strength from the plurality of groups of antenna elements as a target group of antenna elements; controlling a polarization switch module corresponding to the target group of antenna elements to be sequentially switched in a plurality of polarization modes, and sequentially obtaining signal strengths of the target group of antenna elements in the plurality of polarization modes, and obtaining a plurality of second signal strengths; based on the plurality of second signal strengths, selecting a polarization mode with the maximum second signal strength from the plurality of polarization modes as a target polarization mode of the target group of antenna elements; controlling the target group of antenna elements to work in the target polarization mode.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein, controlling the plurality of polarization switch modules to be sequentially turned on to sequentially obtain signal strengths of each group of the antenna elements in a reference polarization mode, and obtain a plurality of first signal strengths, comprising: setting i = 1, and controlling an i-th polarization switch module in the plurality of polarization switch modules to be turned on to receive a polarized signal of an i-th group of antenna elements in a reference polarization mode; obtaining a strength of the polarized signal to obtain a first signal strength of the i-th group of antenna elements in the reference polarization mode; if the i is less than a number of the polarization switch modules, setting i = i + 1, and returning to the step of controlling the i-th polarization switch module in the plurality of polarization switch modules to be turned on.

19. A communication base station, wherein, The antenna system comprises a plurality of groups of antenna elements and a plurality of polarization switch modules in one-to-one correspondence, and the method comprises: controlling the plurality of polarization switch modules to be sequentially turned on to sequentially obtain signal strengths of each group of the antenna elements in a reference polarization mode, and obtain a plurality of first signal strengths; based on the plurality of first signal strengths, selecting a group of antenna elements with the maximum first signal strength from the plurality of groups of antenna elements as a target group of antenna elements; controlling a polarization switch module corresponding to the target group of antenna elements to be sequentially switched in a plurality of polarization modes, and sequentially obtaining signal strengths of the target group of antenna elements in the plurality of polarization modes, and obtaining a plurality of second signal strengths; based on the plurality of second signal strengths, selecting a polarization mode with the maximum second signal strength from the plurality of polarization modes as a target polarization mode of the target group of antenna elements; controlling the target group of antenna elements to work in the target polarization mode.

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