Light detector, color detection module and electronic device

Abstract

Provided in the present application are a light detector, a color detection module and an electronic device. The color detection module comprises a light detector, a light limiter, a housing and a bearing plate, wherein the housing and the bearing plate form an accommodating space; the light detector is mounted on the bearing plate and is located in the accommodating space; and the housing is provided with a through hole for arranging the light limiter. The light limiter is located on the light incidence side of the light detector; external light passes through the light limiter and enters the accommodating space, where the light is received by the light detector. The light limiter is configured such that the absolute value of an incident angle θ of the light received by the light detector, after passing through the light limiter, is less than or equal to a preset angle θmax. The color detection module can be used to detect color information of the environment or objects; the light limiter can be used to limit the angle of light received by the light detector, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the color detection module.

Description

Photodetectors, color detection modules, and electronic devices

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411017530.7, filed on July 26, 2024, with the invention entitled "Photodetector, color detection module and electronic device", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of electronic equipment technology with color recognition function, and more particularly to a photodetector, a color detection module, and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0003] Color is an important piece of information; for example, color detection can be achieved using a color camera. How to improve the color detection performance of electronic devices and use color information to enhance the user experience is a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a photodetector, a color detection module, and an electronic device capable of detecting the color of light.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a color detection module. The color detection module includes a photodetector, a light limiter, a housing, and a support plate. The housing and the support plate form a receiving space. The photodetector is mounted on the support plate and located within the receiving space. The housing has a through hole for mounting the light limiter. The light limiter is located on the light-incident side of the photodetector. External light enters the receiving space through the light limiter and is received by the photodetector. The light limiter is used to ensure that the absolute value of the incident angle θ of the light received by the photodetector when passing through the light limiter is less than or equal to a preset angle θ. max .

[0006] Understandably, the housing and support plate can enclose a receiving space. The photodetector can be located within this space. The housing and support plate can protect the photodetector. A light limiter can restrict the angle of light received by the photodetector. For example, when the color detection module is used to detect the color of an object, it can be aligned with the object being measured and kept at a certain distance. Ambient light outside the object will be suppressed, allowing less light to enter the sensor. With less ambient light outside the object entering the photodetector, the proportion of ambient light entering the object is reduced, resulting in more accurate color recognition of the object by the color detection module. Furthermore, compared to traditional solutions that use a color camera for color recognition, the solution in this application uses a photodetector within a color detection module to detect and determine the color of the environment or the color of a pointed object, resulting in lower cost and smaller size.

[0007] In one implementation, the light limiter is an optical fiber bundle or a microlens.

[0008] Understandably, microlenses can be designed to make the angle of incidence of light less than or equal to a preset angle. Similarly, fiber bundles can be designed to make the angle of incidence of light less than or equal to a preset angle.

[0009] In one embodiment, the light limiter is an optical fiber bundle, which includes multiple optical fibers. Each optical fiber includes a core and a cladding, with the cladding enclosing the core. A preset angle θ is given. max The refractive index n of the fiber core core The refractive index n of the cladding clad Satisfying Relationship:

[0010] It is understandable that by adjusting the refractive index n of the fiber core... core The refractive index n of the cladding clad The design is performed with an angle greater than the preset angle θ. max The light can be attenuated to zero after multiple refractions in the optical fiber, preventing it from reaching the space containing the photodetector. Thus, the absolute value of the incident angle θ of the light received by the photodetector as it passes through the fiber bundle is less than or equal to a preset angle.

[0011] In one embodiment, the light limiter is a microlens with a preset angle θ. max The focal length f of the microlens satisfies the following relationship:

[0012] Where d is the width of the photosensitive surface of the photodetector.

[0013] Understandably, the photosensitive surface is the area of ​​the photodetector used to receive light. Preset angle θ max The size can be designed and selected based on the distance to the object being measured, and the preset angle θ is determined. max After determining the size, the focal length f of the light limiter can be designed according to the above formula and the photosensitive surface width d of the photodetector, thereby achieving the light-limiting effect of the light limiter.

[0014] In one embodiment, the optical axis of the light limiter is perpendicular to the photosensitive surface of the photodetector.

[0015] Understandably, ambient light can be received by the photosensitive surface of the photodetector without changing direction after passing through the light limiter, avoiding the need for additional optical path folding elements, which is beneficial for the miniaturization of the color detection module.

[0016] In one embodiment, the housing includes a sidewall and a cover plate, the cover plate and the support plate are disposed opposite to each other, the sidewall is connected between the support plate and the cover plate, the sidewall, the cover plate and the support plate form an accommodating space, and a through hole is located in the cover plate.

[0017] Understandably, the sidewalls can create space between the cover plate and the support plate for placing the photodetector. The sidewalls, cover plate, and support plate can be used to protect the photodetector.

[0018] In one embodiment, the carrier plate is a circuit board, and the photodetector is fixed and electrically connected to the circuit board. Thus, the carrier plate can not only be used to carry the photodetector but also to transmit electrical signals.

[0019] In one embodiment, the photodetector includes a filter layer, an insulating layer, a photoelectric conversion structure, and a substrate, which are sequentially stacked along the incident light direction.

[0020] Understandably, a filter layer can be used to filter light of a specific wavelength. An insulating layer can be used to insulate between the filter layer and the photoelectric conversion structure. Light can pass through the filter layer and the insulating layer, and is received by the photoelectric conversion structure, which can then convert the optical signal into an electrical signal. The photoelectric conversion structure, in conjunction with the filter layer, can detect the intensity of a specific wavelength of light in ambient light. A substrate can be used to support the photoelectric conversion structure, the insulating layer, and the filter layer.

[0021] In one embodiment, there are multiple photodetectors used to detect light of different colors. The multiple photodetectors include multiple photoelectric conversion structures that are spaced apart and insulated from each other.

[0022] It is understandable that different photodetectors use filter layers to filter different colors of light, thus enabling different filters to be used to detect the intensity of light in different wavelengths.

[0023] In one embodiment, the multiple photodetectors comprise multiple substrates spaced apart. This allows for easier mounting of the multiple photodetectors.

[0024] In one embodiment, the plurality of photodetectors include a plurality of substrates connected together.

[0025] It is understandable that multiple photodetector substrates are connected and arranged to form a color detection array. With the number of photodetectors remaining constant, multiple photodetectors occupy less space, thus allowing for a smaller color detection module. When the color detection module is mounted on an electronic device, the smaller module is less constrained and can be flexibly placed in different parts of the electronic device.

[0026] In one embodiment, the plurality of photodetectors includes a first photodetector, a second photodetector, and a third photodetector, which are spaced apart on a carrier plate, and a light limiter is located on the light-incident side of the first photodetector, the second photodetector, and the third photodetector.

[0027] Understandably, multiple photodetectors can be used to detect a variety of colors, and these colors can be combined to form an even greater number of color combinations.

[0028] In one embodiment, the first photodetector is a red light detector, the second photodetector is a green light detector, and the third photodetector is a blue light detector.

[0029] Understandably, there can be three photodetectors, which can be used to detect the three primary colors of light: red, green, and blue.

[0030] In one embodiment, when the color detection module detects a first object at a first position, the absolute value of the incident angle θ is less than or equal to a first angle; when the color detection module detects a second object at a second position, the absolute value of the incident angle θ is less than or equal to a second angle. The distance between the first position and the color detection module is less than the distance between the second position and the color detection module, and the first angle is greater than the second angle.

[0031] Understandably, when a color detection module is used to detect the color of an object, it is aligned with the object being measured. The farther the object is from the color detection module, the smaller the range of the incident angle θ of the light reflected from the object on the light limiter. In other words, when the color detection module is used to detect the color of an object, setting the distance between the color detection module and the object being measured to be smaller reduces the proportion of ambient light outside the object in the light entering the photodetector, resulting in more accurate color recognition of the object.

[0032] In one implementation, a preset angle θ is used. max Less than or equal to 30°.

[0033] Understandably, when a color detection module is used to detect the color of an object, it is aligned with the object being measured. The farther the object is from the color detection module, the smaller the range of the incident angle θ of the light reflected from the object on the light limiter. (Preset angle θ) max With a preset angle of less than or equal to 30°, the range of preset angles is set within a small range, so that the light received by the photodetector is mostly from objects that are closer to the color detection module, which helps to improve detection accuracy.

[0034] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device. The electronic device includes a color detection module, and the housing of the color detection module is part of the outer casing of the electronic device.

[0035] It is understandable that electronic devices can be equipped with color detection modules, which can be electrically connected to the chips of electronic devices, thereby associating the detection results of the color detection module with the user interface (UI) design to achieve interaction with the user.

[0036] In one embodiment, the color detection module is disposed on the side of the electronic device.

[0037] Understandably, mounting the color detection module on the side of the electronic device makes it easier for users to touch or press it. Compared to mounting the color detection module on the front (1002), mounting it on the side of the electronic device helps to increase the display area.

[0038] In one implementation, the color detection module is a button on an electronic device.

[0039] Understandably, integrating the color detection function and button function of an electronic device into the color detection module saves space for additional buttons, which is beneficial for the miniaturization of electronic devices.

[0040] In one implementation, the electronic device is a watch or a wristband.

[0041] Understandably, watches or bracelets have limited space. Compared to traditional solutions that use color cameras for color recognition, the solution in this application uses a photodetector in a color detection module to detect and judge the color of the environment or the color of the object being pointed at. This method is smaller and does not take up much space in the watch or bracelet, thus reducing the burden on the user.

[0042] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a photodetector. The photodetector includes a light-limiting structure, a color detection structure, and a substrate stacked along the incident light direction. The light-limiting structure is used to ensure that the absolute value of the incident angle of the light received by the color detection structure when passing through the light-limiting structure is less than or equal to a preset angle θ. max .

[0043] Understandably, a light limiter can restrict the angle of light received by a photodetector. When the photodetector is used to detect color, it can be aimed at the object being measured, maintaining a certain distance between them. Ambient light outside the object will be suppressed, allowing less light to enter the sensor. With less ambient light entering the photodetector, the proportion of light outside the object is reduced, resulting in more accurate color recognition of the object. Integrating the light-limiting structure into the photodetector helps reduce its thickness.

[0044] In one embodiment, the light-limiting structure is an optical fiber bundle, a microlens, or a superlens.

[0045] Understandably, microlenses or superlenses can be designed with a focal length that makes the angle of incidence of light less than or equal to a preset angle. Similarly, fiber bundles can be designed with a refractive index that makes the angle of incidence of light less than or equal to a preset angle.

[0046] In one embodiment, the light-limiting structure is an optical fiber bundle, which includes multiple optical fibers. Each optical fiber includes a core and a cladding, with the cladding enclosing the core. A preset angle θ is defined. max The refractive index n of the fiber core core The refractive index n of the cladding clad Satisfying Relationship:

[0047] It is understandable that the fiber bundle comprises multiple optical fibers, each fiber consisting of a core and a cladding, with the cladding encasing the core. The fiber bundle can be a step-index fiber bundle. This is determined by the refractive index n of the core. core The refractive index n of the cladding clad The design is performed with an angle greater than the preset angle θ. max The light can be attenuated to zero after multiple refractions in the optical fiber, and will not reach the space where the photodetector is located. The absolute value of the incident angle θ of the light received by the photodetector when passing through the fiber bundle is less than or equal to a preset angle.

[0048] In one embodiment, the light-limiting structure is a microlens with a preset angle θ. max The focal length f of the microlens satisfies the following relationship:

[0049] Where d is the width of the photosensitive surface of the color detection structure.

[0050] Understandably, the photosensitive surface is the area of ​​the photodetector used to receive light. Preset angle θ max The size can be designed and selected based on the distance to the object being measured, and the preset angle θ is determined. max After determining the size, the focal length f of the light-limiting structure can be designed according to the above formula and the photosensitive surface width d of the photodetector, thereby achieving the light-limiting effect of the light-limiting structure.

[0051] In one embodiment, there are multiple color detection structures, which are used to detect different colors of light. The multiple color detection structures are insulated from each other.

[0052] It is understandable that different photodetectors use filter layers to filter different colors of light, and multiple colors of light can be combined to achieve the detection of more colors of light.

[0053] In one embodiment, multiple light-limiting structures are used, with each light-limiting structure corresponding to a different color detection structure. This allows for a smaller size of the light-limiting structures.

[0054] Understandably, it can detect the color of ambient light or the color of an object being pointed at. Setting up color detection functionality on electronic devices not only allows the screen's brightness and background hue to be adjusted based on the ambient color or the user's clothing color for personalized display, but it can also be used in various scenarios such as daily outfit selection, shopping (e.g., choosing cosmetic colors), and assisting colorblind or color-weak users in color judgment, thus enhancing the user experience. Attached Figure Description

[0055] To illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be described below.

[0056] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the electronic device provided in this application;

[0057] Figure 2 is an exploded view of one embodiment of the table body shown in Figure 1;

[0058] Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the color detection module shown in Figure 2 at section line AA;

[0059] Figure 4 is a partial structural assembly schematic diagram of one embodiment of the carrier plate and photodetector shown in Figure 3 from another angle;

[0060] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of one embodiment of the light limiter and photodetector shown in Figure 3;

[0061] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the structure shown in Figure 4;

[0062] Figure 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the color detection module shown in Figure 2 at section line AA;

[0063] Figure 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the color detection module shown in Figure 2 at section line AA;

[0064] Figure 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the structure shown in Figure 8;

[0065] Figure 10 is a partial cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the color detection module shown in Figure 2 at section line AA;

[0066] Figure 11 is a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the multiple photodetectors shown in Figure 10;

[0067] Figure 12 is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the color detection module provided in this application;

[0068] Figure 13 is a partial cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the color detection module shown in Figure 12 at section line BB.

[0069] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the photodetector shown in Figure 13;

[0070] Figure 15 is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the photodetector shown in Figure 14;

[0071] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the electronic device provided in this application;

[0072] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the electronic device provided in this application;

[0073] Figure 18 is a partial cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the electronic device shown in Figure 17 at section line CC. Detailed Implementation

[0074] The embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0075] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. It should be understood that in this application, "electrical connection" can be understood as components physically contacting and conducting electricity; it can also be understood as a form of connection between different components in a circuit structure through physical lines that can transmit electrical signals, such as copper foil or wires on a printed circuit board (PCB). "Connection" and "connected" can both refer to a mechanical connection relationship or a physical connection relationship. For example, A connecting to B or A being connected to B can mean that there are fastening components (such as screws, bolts, rivets, etc.) between A and B, or that A and B are in contact with each other and are difficult to separate.

[0076] Furthermore, the term "fixed" in this document should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean direct fixing or indirect fixing through an intermediate medium. "Fixed" refers to connections where the relative positional relationship remains unchanged after connection. The directional terms used in the embodiments of this application, such as "upper" and "lower," are merely for reference to the directions in the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application. "Multiple" refers to two or more.

[0077] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0078] In the embodiments of this application, the mathematical concepts mentioned, such as parallel and perpendicular, are limitations specific to the current technological level, rather than absolute and strict mathematical definitions. Slight deviations are permissible; approximations of parallelism or perpendicularity are acceptable. For example, "A and B are parallel" means that A and B are parallel or approximately parallel, and the angle between A and B can be between 0 and 10 degrees. Similarly, "A and B are perpendicular" means that A and B are perpendicular or approximately perpendicular, and the angle between A and B can be between 80 and 100 degrees.

[0079] In the description of the embodiments in this application, unless otherwise stated, "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone.

[0080] It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the relevant application and not intended to limit the application. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to this application are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0081] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the electronic device 1000 provided in this application.

[0082] Electronic device 1000 may include, but is not limited to, wearable devices such as smartwatches, sports watches, wristbands, augmented reality (AR) glasses, virtual reality (VR) glasses, or headphones. Electronic device 1000 may also be a mobile phone, tablet, or home appliance, etc. The electronic device 1000 shown in Figure 1 is described using a smartwatch as an example. It should be noted that Figure 1 only schematically illustrates some components included in electronic device 1000; the actual size, location, and structure of these components are not limited by the figure. The accompanying figures below also only schematically illustrate some components; the actual size, location, and structure of these components are not limited by the accompanying figures. Specific details will not be elaborated further below.

[0083] As shown in Figure 1, the electronic device 1000 may include a watch body 100 and a watch strap 200. The watch strap 200 is connected to the watch body 100. Exemplarily, there may be two watch straps 200. The two watch straps 200 are respectively connected to both ends of the watch body 100. When a user wears the electronic device 1000, the watch straps 200 can be used to secure the watch body 100 to the user. In other embodiments, there may be only one watch strap 200.

[0084] Figure 2 is an exploded view of one embodiment of the body 100 shown in Figure 1.

[0085] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the watch body 100 may include a color detection module 10, a screen 20, and a housing 30. The color detection module 10 may be mounted on the housing 30.

[0086] In some implementations, screen 20 can be used to display images, etc. Screen 20 can be a flat screen or a curved screen. The display screen of screen 20 can be an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display screen, or an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) display screen, or a liquid crystal display (LCD) display screen, etc.

[0087] Exemplarily, the housing 30 may include a mid-frame 301 and a back cover 302. The screen 20 and the back cover 302 are spaced apart from each other, and the mid-frame 301 connects the screen 20 and the back cover 302. The screen 20, the mid-frame 301, and the back cover 302 together enclose the internal space of the electronic device 1000. The internal space of the electronic device 1000 can be used to house components of the electronic device 1000, such as a motherboard, battery, speaker, or microphone. In other embodiments, the mid-frame 301 and the back cover 302 may also be an integral structural component. When a user wears the electronic device 1000, the screen 20 is located on the side of the watch body 100 facing away from the user's wrist skin, and the back cover 302 is located on the side of the watch body 100 facing the user's wrist skin, and the back cover 302 can contact the user's wrist skin.

[0088] In other embodiments, when the electronic device 1000 does not have a screen 20, the housing 3 may also include a front cover, with the front cover and the rear cover 302 spaced apart from each other, and a middle frame 301 connected between the front cover and the rear cover 302. The front cover, the middle frame 301, and the rear cover 302 together enclose the internal space of the electronic device 1000.

[0089] In some embodiments, the color detection module 10 may be disposed on the side 1001 of the electronic device 1000. The side of the electronic device 1000 may surround the front 1002 of the electronic device 1000 (the side of the electronic device 1000 facing the user when in normal use). Exemplarily, the front 1002 and the back 1003 of the electronic device 1000 are disposed opposite to each other. The side 1001 of the electronic device 1000 is connected between the front 1002 and the back 1003.

[0090] In this context, for electronic devices 1000 with a display screen, such as smartwatches or smart bracelets, the front 1002 is the surface where the screen 20 is located, and the side 1001 of the electronic device 1000 can surround the screen 20. For electronic devices 1000 without a screen 20, the front 1002 can be the main user interface of the electronic device 1000, and the side 1001 of the electronic device 1000 can surround the main user interface. For wearable electronic devices 1000, such as smartwatches or smart bracelets, when a user wears the electronic device 1000, the back 1003 of the electronic device 1000 can contact the user's skin.

[0091] For example, when the housing 30 includes a mid-frame 301 and a rear cover 302, the color detection module 10 can be mounted on the mid-frame 301 and exposed relative to the outer surface of the mid-frame 301. The outer surface of the mid-frame 301 refers to the surface of the mid-frame 301 that is away from the internal space of the electronic device 1000, i.e., the side of the electronic device 1000. It is understood that mounting the color detection module 10 on the side 1001 of the electronic device 1000 facilitates user touch or pressing. Compared with the solution of mounting the color detection module 10 on the front 1002, mounting the color detection module 10 on the side 1001 of the electronic device 1000 is beneficial to increasing the display area of ​​the electronic device 1000.

[0092] In some implementations, when the electronic device 1000 is a watch or bracelet, the color detection module 10 can function as a button on the watch or bracelet. This allows users to operate the watch or bracelet by touching or pressing the color detection module 10, thus interacting with the electronic device 1000. It is understood that integrating the color detection function and button function of the electronic device 1000 into the color detection module 10 saves space compared to additional buttons, contributing to the miniaturization of the electronic device 1000.

[0093] In some implementations, the color detection module 10 can be a button that does not require travel, meaning that the color detection module 10 does not need to move relative to the mid-frame 301 when performing button functions. For example, the color detection module 10 can be a touch button, allowing the user to perform button functions simply by touching the color detection module 10. Alternatively, the color detection module 10 can also perform button functions by recognizing the user's gestures. In this way, the user does not need to touch the color detection module 10 and can operate the electronic device 1000 by making air gestures.

[0094] In other embodiments, the color detection module 10 can also be a button with travel distance. When implementing the button function, the user needs to press the color detection module 10 to move it relative to the middle frame 301, generating a certain displacement, in order to achieve the button function. It is understood that the displacement direction of the color detection module 10 is not limited to being perpendicular to the side 1001 of the electronic device 1000. In other embodiments, the displacement direction of the color detection module 10 can also be along the circumference of the side 1001, or perpendicular to the front 1002 of the electronic device 1000. When the color detection module 10 is a button with travel distance, this application does not limit the displacement direction of the color detection module 10.

[0095] In some implementations, the color detection module 10 can be used to detect the color of a user's clothing or the color of the environment / objects within a certain range of the electronic device 1000.

[0096] In some embodiments, the color detection module 10 may also be electrically connected to circuitry located within the electronic device 1000. For example, when the electronic device 1000 includes a motherboard and a sub-board, the color detection module 10 may be electrically connected to the motherboard and / or the sub-board to enable signal transmission. When the electronic device 1000 includes only a motherboard, the color detection module 10 may be electrically connected to the motherboard.

[0097] In some embodiments, the electronic device 1000 may further include a processor (not shown). The processor may be mounted on and electrically connected to the motherboard. The color detection module 10 may be electrically connected to the processor. It is understood that the processor obtains the color information of the detected object by analyzing the electrical signals from the color detection module 10.

[0098] In some implementations, the processor can also perform comprehensive analysis based on the color information collected by the color detection module 10, enabling the electronic device 1000 to have more functions or more interaction with the user. For example, the color detection module 10 can be used to measure the color of a user's clothing, and the processor can be electrically connected to the screen 20 to adjust the theme color scheme of the screen 20 according to the color of the user's clothing, so that the overall tone of the screen 20 can better match the user's clothing. Alternatively, the user can use the color detection module 10 to select clothing. Another example is that the color detection module 10 can be used to periodically detect the user's skin color, thereby monitoring changes in the user's skin tone, and the processor can determine whether the user has been tanned or sunburned based on the structure. Alternatively, the color detection module 10 can be used to detect the color of cosmetics, such as the color of lipstick or foundation, and the processor can determine the shade of the cosmetic based on the collected color information and provide purchasing suggestions to the user. Alternatively, for users with color blindness or color weakness, the color detection module 10 can collect the color of the object to be identified, and the processor can assist the user in color judgment based on the collected information.

[0099] For ease of description, the length direction of the color detection module 10 is defined as the X-axis. The width direction of the color detection module 10 is defined as the Y-axis. The thickness direction of the color detection module 10 is defined as the Z-axis. It is understood that the coordinate system settings can be flexibly configured according to specific practical needs.

[0100] Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the color detection module 10 shown in Figure 2 at section line AA.

[0101] As shown in Figure 3, the color detection module 10 may include a photodetector 1, a light limiter 2, a housing 3, and a carrier plate 4.

[0102] In some implementations, the light detector 1 can be used to detect the color of the environment in which the electronic device 1000 is located or the color of the object it is pointing to. For example, light can be reflected by the surface of an object in the environment and enter the light detector 1. After receiving the ambient light, the light detector 1 can identify the color of the environment in which the electronic device 1000 is located or the color of the object it is pointing to, and then the screen 20 of the electronic device 1000 can adjust the background color of the screen 20 according to the color.

[0103] In some embodiments, the number of photodetectors 1 can be one or more. Different photodetectors 1 among the multiple photodetectors 1 can be used to detect the light intensity of different wavelengths in the ambient light. In other words, different photodetectors 1 can be used to detect the light intensity of different colors in the received light. It is understood that multiple photodetectors 1 can be used to detect multiple colors, and multiple colors can be combined to form a greater number of color types. The color detection module 10 can detect more color types than the number of photodetectors.

[0104] For example, the number of photodetectors 1 can be three, namely a first photodetector 11, a second photodetector 12, and a third photodetector 13. The first photodetector 11 can be used to detect the light intensity of a first band in ambient light. The second photodetector 12 can be used to detect the light intensity of a second band in ambient light. The third photodetector 13 can be used to detect the light intensity of a third band in ambient light. The first band, the second band, and the third band are different.

[0105] For example, the first wavelength band can be 770nm–622nm (red light); the second wavelength band can be 570nm–492nm (green light); and the third wavelength band can be 490nm–450nm (blue light). That is, the first photodetector 11 can be a red light detector, the second photodetector 12 can be a green light detector, and the third photodetector 13 can be a blue light detector.

[0106] In some embodiments, the photodetector 1 may include a filter layer, an insulating layer, a photoelectric conversion structure, and a substrate, which are sequentially stacked along the incident light direction. For example, the photodetector 1 may have a filter layer, an insulating layer, a photoelectric conversion structure, and a substrate sequentially arranged from top to bottom along the Z-axis direction. It is understood that different filter layers in the photodetector 1 are used to filter different colors of light, thereby enabling different filters 1 to be used to detect the light intensity of different wavelengths in the light.

[0107] The following section uses the first type of photodetector 11 as an example to describe the various structures of the photodetector 1 in detail. For example, the first type of photodetector 11 may include a first filter layer 111, a first insulating layer 112, a first photoelectric conversion structure 113 and a first substrate 114, which are stacked sequentially along the incident light direction.

[0108] In some embodiments, the first filter layer 111 is fixed to the side of the first insulating layer 112 away from the first photoelectric conversion structure 113. The first filter layer 111 can be used to filter light of a first wavelength. During the process of ambient light passing through the first filter layer 111, light in the ambient light other than the first wavelength can be blocked by the first filter layer 111, and only the light of the first wavelength can pass through the first filter layer 111 and be received by the first photoelectric conversion structure 113.

[0109] In some embodiments, the first insulating layer 112 may be fixed between the first photoelectric conversion structure 113 and the first filter layer 111. The first insulating layer 112 can be used for insulation between the first photoelectric conversion structure 113 and the first filter layer 111. Light of the first wavelength band can pass through the first filter layer 111 and the first insulating layer 112 and be received by the first photoelectric conversion structure 113.

[0110] For example, the first insulating layer 112 can be made of a transparent and insulating material. In this way, the first insulating layer 112 can achieve insulation without affecting the light reception of the first photoelectric conversion structure 113.

[0111] In some embodiments, the first photoelectric conversion structure 113 can be used to convert optical signals into electrical signals. In this way, the first photoelectric conversion structure 113, in conjunction with the first filter layer 111, can detect the light intensity of a first wavelength in ambient light.

[0112] In some embodiments, the first photoelectric conversion structure 113 may be a photodiode. For example, the first photoelectric conversion structure 113 may include a first substrate 1131, a first semiconductor layer 1132, a second semiconductor layer 1133, an insulating structure 1134, a first electrode 1135, and a second electrode 1136.

[0113] In some embodiments, the first substrate 1131 can serve as a support structure for the first semiconductor layer 1132, the second semiconductor layer 1133, the insulating structure 1134, the first electrode 1135, and the second electrode 1136. The first substrate 1131 can be made of an insulating material. Exemplarily, the first substrate 1131 can be a silicon substrate.

[0114] In some embodiments, the second semiconductor layer 1133 may be disposed on the first substrate 1131. The first semiconductor layer 1132 may be disposed on the side of the second semiconductor layer 1133 away from the first substrate 1131.

[0115] In some embodiments, one of the first semiconductor layer 1132 and the second semiconductor layer 1133 is an N-type semiconductor layer, and the other is a P-type semiconductor layer. A PN junction is formed at the contact position of the first semiconductor layer 1132 and the second semiconductor layer 1133.

[0116] For example, the first semiconductor layer 1132 is an N-type semiconductor layer, and the second semiconductor layer 1133 is a P-type semiconductor layer. The N-type semiconductor layer can be composed of N-type semiconductors, which are primarily electron-conducting semiconductors. The P-type semiconductor layer is composed of P-type semiconductors, which are primarily hole-conducting semiconductors. When the first photoelectric conversion structure 113 receives a light signal, electrons in the first semiconductor layer 1132 can move towards the second semiconductor layer 1133, thereby recombinating with holes in the second semiconductor layer 1133 to form a current. It is understood that the number of electrons moving in the N-type semiconductor layer is related to the light intensity; the greater the light intensity received by the first photoelectric conversion structure 113, the more electrons move, and the larger the current formed by the first photoelectric conversion structure 113.

[0117] In other embodiments, the types of the first semiconductor layer 1132 and the second semiconductor layer 1133 can also be interchanged, that is, the first semiconductor layer 1132 can be a P-type semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer 1133 can be an N-type semiconductor layer.

[0118] In other embodiments, the first photoelectric conversion structure 113 can also be a phototransistor, an avalanche photodiode (APD), or other photodetector structures. Among these, the avalanche photodiode exhibits better detection performance for light signals under weak illumination conditions.

[0119] In some embodiments, a portion of the insulating structure 1134 is connected to the first substrate 1131, a portion is connected to the side of the first semiconductor layer away from the first substrate 1131, and a portion is connected to the side of the second semiconductor layer away from the first substrate 1131.

[0120] For example, the insulating structure 1134 may have a first through-hole 1137 and a second through-hole 1138. A first semiconductor layer 1132 is exposed in the first through-hole 1137. A second semiconductor layer 1133 is exposed in the second through-hole 1138.

[0121] In some embodiments, the first electrode 1135 may be partially located within the first via 1137 and electrically connected to the first semiconductor layer 1132, with the other portion exposed in the second via 1138. The second electrode 1136 may be partially located within the second via 1138 and electrically connected to the second semiconductor layer 1133, with the other portion exposed in the second via 1138. The first electrode 1135 and the second electrode 1136 can be used to output the current generated by the PN junction to the motherboard of an electronic device. The insulating structure 1134 can be used for insulation between the first electrode 1135 and the second electrode 1136.

[0122] In some embodiments, the first photoelectric conversion structure 113 is fixed to the first substrate 114. Exemplarily, the first substrate 1131 of the first photoelectric conversion structure 113 is fixedly connected to the first substrate 114. The first substrate 114 can be used to support the first photoelectric conversion structure 113, the first insulating layer 112, and the first filter layer 111. Exemplarily, the first substrate 114 can be made of an insulating material, such as resin or plastic.

[0123] Figure 4 is a partial structural assembly diagram of the carrier plate 4 and photodetector 1 shown in Figure 3 from another angle, representing one embodiment.

[0124] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the first photodetector 11 may further include a first pin 115 and a second pin 116. The first pin 115 and the second pin 116 are used to extract the electrical signal from the first photoelectric conversion structure 113 for transmission to the motherboard of the electronic device 1000. Exemplarily, one end of the first pin 115 is electrically connected to the first electrode 1135 of the first photoelectric conversion structure 113, and the other end is used to electrically connect to the motherboard of the electronic device 1000. One end of the second pin 116 is electrically connected to the second electrode 1136 of the first photoelectric conversion structure 113, and the other end is used to electrically connect to the motherboard of the electronic device 1000. Exemplarily, the first photoelectric conversion structure 113 may further include an electrical connection structure (not shown), a portion of which is electrically connected between the first electrode 1135 and the first pin 115, and a portion of which is electrically connected between the second electrode 1136 and the second pin 116. The electrical connection structure can be used for electrical signal transmission between the first electrode 1135 and the first pin 115, and for electrical signal transmission between the second electrode 1136 and the second pin 116.

[0125] In some embodiments, the number of PN junctions in the first photoelectric conversion structure 113 can be one or more. When the number of PN junctions in the first photoelectric conversion structure 113 is multiple, all of the multiple PN junctions are electrically connected to the first pin 115 and the second pin 116.

[0126] In some embodiments, the second photodetector 12 may include a second filter layer, a second insulating layer, a second photoelectric conversion structure, and a second substrate, sequentially stacked along the incident light direction. The arrangement of the second insulating layer, the second photoelectric conversion structure, and the second substrate can refer to the arrangement of the first insulating layer 112, the first photoelectric conversion structure 113, and the first substrate 114 in the first photodetector 11, and will not be repeated here. The second filter layer can be used to filter light in the second wavelength band. During the passage of ambient light through the second filter layer, light in the ambient light other than the second wavelength band can be intercepted by the second filter layer, and only the light in the second wavelength band can pass through the second filter layer and be received by the second photoelectric conversion structure. The second photoelectric conversion structure can realize the detection of the intensity of the second wavelength band light in the ambient light.

[0127] In some embodiments, the third photodetector 13 may include a third filter layer, a third insulating layer, a third photoelectric conversion structure, and a third substrate, sequentially stacked along the incident light direction. The arrangement of the third insulating layer, the third photoelectric conversion structure, and the third substrate can refer to the arrangement of the first insulating layer 112, the first photoelectric conversion structure 113, and the first substrate 114 in the first photodetector 11, and will not be repeated here. The third filter layer can be used to filter light in the third wavelength band. During the passage of ambient light through the third filter layer, light in the ambient light other than the third wavelength band can be intercepted by the third filter layer, and only the light in the third wavelength band can pass through the third filter layer and be received by the third photoelectric conversion structure. The third photoelectric conversion structure can be used to detect the intensity of the third wavelength band light in the ambient light.

[0128] It is understandable that the second type of photodetector 12 and the third type of photodetector 13 can output the electrical signal of the photoelectric conversion structure by setting the first pin 115 and the second pin 116 in the same way as the first type of photodetector 11, which will not be described in detail here.

[0129] In some embodiments, the photodetector 1 may further include a transparent cover. The transparent cover may cover the filter layer, the insulating layer, and the photoelectric conversion structure. The transparent cover may be used to protect the filter layer, the insulating layer, and the photoelectric conversion structure. For example, a first photodetector 11 may include a first transparent cover 117.

[0130] In some embodiments, the photodetector 1 can be fixed to a carrier plate 4. The carrier plate 4 can be used to support the photodetector 1. Exemplarily, the first substrate 1131 or first base plate 114 of a first type of photodetector 11 can be fixed to the carrier plate 4. The second substrate of a second type of photodetector 12 can be fixed to the carrier plate 4. The third substrate of a third type of photodetector 13 can be fixed to the carrier plate 4.

[0131] In some embodiments, the carrier plate 4 can be a circuit board. The photodetector 1 can be fixed and electrically connected to the carrier plate 4. The carrier plate 4 can be used to transmit electrical signals to the processor. Exemplarily, the other end of the first pin 115 of the first photodetector 11 can be electrically connected to the carrier plate 4, and the other end of the second pin 116 can be electrically connected to the carrier plate 4. Exemplarily, the carrier plate 4 can be a rigid printed circuit board (PCB) or a flexible printed circuit board (FPC).

[0132] In some embodiments, the carrier plate 4 can be electrically connected to the motherboard of the electronic device 1000. The processor on the motherboard can be electrically connected to the first photodetector 1, and thus obtain the intensity of the light in the first wavelength band based on the electrical signal generated by the first photodetector 11. It is understood that the second photodetector 12 and the third photodetector 13 can also be electrically connected to the motherboard of the electronic device 1000, and the electrical connection method can refer to the electrical connection method of the first photodetector 11, which will not be described again here.

[0133] In some embodiments, the multiple photodetectors 1 may include multiple photoelectric conversion structures that are spaced apart and insulated from each other. For example, the first photoelectric conversion structure 113 of the first type of photodetector 11, the second photoelectric conversion structure of the second type of photodetector 12, and the third photoelectric conversion structure of the third type of photodetector 13 may be spaced apart and insulated from each other. The multiple electrical signals generated by the multiple photoelectric conversion structures of the multiple photodetectors 1 can be transmitted to the motherboard of the electronic device 1000 respectively. In this way, the electronic device 1000 can collect light intensity at different wavelengths in ambient light.

[0134] In some embodiments, the color detection module 10 may further include a flexible circuit board 5. One end of the flexible circuit board 5 may be electrically connected to the photodetector 1, and the other end may be electrically connected to the motherboard of the electronic device 1000. The flexible circuit board 5 may be used to transmit electrical signals from the photodetector 1 to the motherboard. For example, when the carrier plate 4 is a circuit board, one end of the flexible circuit board 5 may be electrically connected to the carrier plate 4, and the other end may be electrically connected to the motherboard of the electronic device 1000.

[0135] In some embodiments, the flexible circuit board 5 and the carrier plate 4 can be integrally formed structural components. For ease of understanding, the carrier plate and the flexible circuit board 5 are schematically divided by dashed lines in Figure 3. For example, the flexible circuit board 5 and the carrier plate 4 can be part of an integrally formed rigid-flex board. Alternatively, the flexible circuit board 5 and the carrier plate 4 can be part of an integrally formed flexible circuit board. In other embodiments, the flexible circuit board 5 can also achieve electrical conductivity with the carrier plate 4 by providing an electrical connector. The electrical connector can be a board-to-board connector (BTB) or a zero-insertion-force connector (ZIF).

[0136] In other embodiments, the photodetector 1 may also form an electrical connection with the motherboard through other signal transmission structures besides the flexible circuit board 5, such as wires.

[0137] In other embodiments, the carrier plate 4 may also be a metal plate or a plastic plate without signal transmission function. The photodetector 1 can transmit electrical signals through other electrical connection structures (e.g., wires) disposed on the carrier plate 4.

[0138] In some embodiments, the housing 3 can be fixed to the support plate 4. Exemplarily, the housing 3 may include a side wall 31 and a cover plate 32 (schematically distinguished by dashed lines in Figure 3). The cover plate 32 can be disposed opposite to the support plate 4, and the side wall 31 connects the support plate 4 and the cover plate 32. In other words, as shown in Figure 3, the cover plate 32, side wall 31, and support plate 4 can be arranged sequentially from top to bottom along the Z-axis. Thus, the side wall 31 can support a space for placing the photodetector 1 between the cover plate 32 and the support plate 4. The side wall 31, cover plate 32, and support plate 4 can be used to protect the photodetector 1.

[0139] In some embodiments, the sidewall 31 and the cover plate 32 can be integrally formed structural components. It should be noted that obtaining an integral structural component through an integral molding process means that during the formation of one of the two components, that component is connected to the other component, without requiring further processing (such as bonding, welding, snap-fit ​​connections, or screw connections) to join the two components together. For example, the sidewall 31 and the cover plate 32 can be integrally formed using a mold casting process. In other embodiments, the sidewall 31 and the cover plate 32 can also be manufactured separately and then fixed together by adhesive or other methods.

[0140] In some embodiments, the housing 3 and the support plate 4 can enclose a receiving space 6. The photodetector 1 can be located within the receiving space 6. Exemplarily, the sidewall 31, the cover plate 32, and the support plate 4 can form the receiving space 6. In this way, the housing 3 and the support plate 4 can be used to protect the photodetector 1.

[0141] In some embodiments, the sidewall 31 can be annular, and the receiving space 6 formed by the sidewall 31, cover plate 32, and support plate 4 can be a relatively enclosed space. In this case, the connection between the sidewall 31 and the cover plate 32 and support plate 4 can be sealed with a waterproof material (e.g., waterproof adhesive). In this way, the color detection module 10 can be waterproof, and external moisture and dust are not easily allowed to enter the receiving space 6. The photodetector 1 is not easily damaged by moisture or dust, and its operational reliability is high.

[0142] In other embodiments, the sidewall 31 may also be composed of multiple columnar structures. One end of each columnar structure is fixed to the support plate 4, and the other end is fixed to the cover plate 32. In this case, the accommodating space 6 formed by the sidewall 31, the cover plate 32, and the support plate 4 can be a relatively open space, making the color detection module 10 suitable for applications with lower requirements for waterproofing and dustproofing.

[0143] In some embodiments, the housing 3 may be provided with a through hole 33. The through hole 33 can connect the external space and the receiving space 6. In this way, ambient light can enter the receiving space 6 through the through hole 33. Exemplarily, the through hole 33 may be located on the cover plate 32 of the housing 3.

[0144] As shown in Figure 3, the light limiter 2 can be located on the light-incident side of the photodetector 1. Exemplarily, the through-hole 33 of the housing 3 can be used to house the light limiter 2. The light limiter 2 can be fixed within the through-hole 33 of the housing 3. Ambient light can enter the receiving space 6 through the light limiter 2 and be received by the photodetector 1. It is understood that the light-incident surface of the light limiter 2 can be the light-incident surface of the color detection module 10. The light limiter 2 can be used to ensure that the absolute value of the incident angle θ of the light received by the photodetector 1 when passing through the light limiter 2 is less than or equal to a preset angle θ. max For example, a preset angle θ max It can be less than or equal to 30°. For example, 30°, 25°, 20°, 10°, 5°, etc.

[0145] Understandably, the light limiter 2 can restrict the angle of light received by the light detector 1. For example, when the color detection module 10 is used to detect the color of an object, it can be aligned with the object being measured and kept at a certain distance. Ambient light outside the object will be suppressed, allowing less light to enter the sensor. With less ambient light outside the object entering the light detector 1, the proportion of light entering the sensor is reduced, resulting in more accurate color recognition of the object. In other words, the light received by the light detector 1 comes more from ambient light near the color detection module 10, reducing the amount of ambient light farther away from the color detection module 10 entering the sensor, thus making the color detection of ambient light by the color detection module 10 more accurate.

[0146] Furthermore, compared to traditional solutions that rely on color cameras for color recognition, the present application's solution uses a photodetector 1 within a color detection module 10 to detect and determine the color of the environment or the color of a pointed object, resulting in lower cost and smaller size. In some embodiments, the wearable device may be equipped with a color detection module 10, which can be electrically connected to the wearable device's chip, thereby associating the detection results of the color detection module 10 with the wearable device's user interface (UI) design to enable interaction with the user.

[0147] In some implementations, the optical axis of the light limiter 2 can be perpendicular to the photosensitive surface of the photodetector. It is understood that after ambient light passes through the light limiter, it can be received by the photosensitive surface of the photodetector without changing its direction, avoiding the need for additional optical path folding elements and facilitating the miniaturization of the color detection module.

[0148] In some embodiments, when the color detection module 10 detects a first object at a first position, the absolute value of the incident angle θ is less than or equal to a first angle. When the color detection module 10 detects a second object at a second position, the absolute value of the incident angle θ is less than or equal to a second angle. The distance between the first position and the color detection module 10 is less than the distance between the second position and the color detection module 10, and the first angle is greater than the second angle.

[0149] Understandably, when the color detection module 10 is used to detect the color of an object, the farther the object is from the color detection module 10, the smaller the range of the incident angle θ of the light reflected from the object on the light limiter 2. In other words, when the color detection module 10 is used to detect the color of an object, setting the distance between the color detection module 10 and the object to be measured to be smaller reduces the proportion of ambient light outside the object in the light entering the photodetector 1, resulting in more accurate color recognition of the object.

[0150] In some embodiments, the light limiter 2 may be a microlens. Exemplarily, the material of the microlens may include light-transmitting materials such as glass, resin, or plastic.

[0151] In the use of the color detection module 10, the object distance L is much greater than the focal length f, and the preset angle θ max The focal length f of the microlens satisfies the following relationship:

[0152] Where d is the width of the photosensitive surface of photodetector 1. The photosensitive surface is the area of ​​the photoelectric conversion structure of photodetector 1 used to receive light.

[0153] The working principle of the light limiter 2 as a microlens will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of one embodiment of the light limiter 2 and photodetector 1 shown in Figure 3.

[0154] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, multiple photodetectors 1 can be arranged at intervals. The substrates of the multiple photodetectors 1 can also be arranged at intervals. Specifically, the first type of photodetector 11, the second type of photodetector 12, and the third type of photodetector 13 can be arranged at intervals on the carrier plate 4. This makes it easier to install the multiple photodetectors 1.

[0155] For example, the first photodetector 11, the second photodetector 12, and the third photodetector 13 can be spaced apart along the length direction (X-axis direction) of the carrier plate 4. The photosensitive surfaces of the first photodetector 11, the second photodetector 12, and the third photodetector 13 can be spaced apart along the length direction (X-axis direction) of the carrier plate 4. It is understood that, for ease of understanding, the photosensitive surfaces of the first photodetector 11, the second photodetector 12, and the third photodetector 13 are illustrated in Figure 4 using a filled pattern.

[0156] It is understandable that when there are multiple photodetectors 1 and only one light limiter 2, the projection of the optical axis T of the light limiter 2 along the light propagation direction (taking the light propagating along the Z-axis direction in the figure as an example) onto the carrier plate 4 is used as the center O of a circle, and the diameter of the smallest circle covered by the photosensitive surfaces of all photodetectors 1 is the photosensitive surface width d in formula (1). When there is only one photodetector 1 and only one light limiter 2, the projection of the optical axis T of the light limiter 2 along the Z-axis direction onto the carrier plate 4 is used as the center O of a circle, and the diameter of the smallest circle covered by the photosensitive surface of the photodetector 1 is the photosensitive surface width d in formula (1). In actual calculation, to facilitate calculation or to consider manufacturing tolerances, the value of d can be approximated, for example, rounded.

[0157] Figure 5 illustrates three objects (represented by object W1, object W2, and object W3), a light limiter, and the photosensitive surface P of the photodetector 1. As shown in Figure 5, object W1 faces the light limiter 2. The angle between the light reflected from object W2 and the optical axis T of the light limiter 2 is a1, and the angle between the light reflected from object W3 and the optical axis T of the light limiter 2 is a2. Objects W1 and W2 are equidistant from the light limiter 2 at a distance of L1. The distance between object W3 and the light limiter 2 is L2. a1 is less than a2, and L2 is greater than L1.

[0158] In this process, the light reflected from the three objects passes through the light limiter 2. The light reflected from the first object W1, after passing through the light limiter 2, lands at position P1 on the plane containing the photosensitive surface. The light reflected from the second object W2, after passing through the light limiter 2, lands at position P2 on the plane containing the photosensitive surface. The light reflected from the third object W3, after passing through the light limiter 2, lands at position P3 on the plane containing the photosensitive surface. Position P2 is exactly at the edge of the photosensitive surface, and a1 can be a preset angle θ. max .

[0159] It is understandable that the preset angle θ max The size can be designed and selected based on the distance to the object being measured, and the preset angle θ is determined. max After determining the size, the focal length f of the light limiter 2 can be designed according to the above formula (1) and the photosensitive surface width d of the photodetector 1, thereby achieving the light limiting effect of the light limiter 2.

[0160] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the projections of multiple photodetectors 1 onto the support plate 4 along the Z-axis are the first projection. The projection of the light limiter 2 onto the support plate 4 along the Z-axis is the second projection. The projection of the optical axis T of the light limiter 2 onto the support plate 4 along the Z-axis is the center O. The maximum distance d1 between the edge of the first projection and the center O, and the maximum distance d2 between the edge of the second projection and the center O satisfy the relationship: d1 / d2≤0.5. It can be understood that by placing multiple photodetectors 1 as close as possible to the optical axis of the light limiter 2, the photodetectors 1 receive greater light intensity, resulting in more accurate color recognition of the object being measured.

[0161] In some embodiments, the distance d3 between the light limiter 2 and the photodetector 1 along the optical axis satisfies the relationship: d3≤d / (2tanθ) max d represents the width of the photosensitive surface of photodetector 1. This results in a smaller distance between photodetector 1 and light limiter 2, leading to a higher intensity received by photodetector 1 and higher photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photoelectric conversion structure, which is beneficial for improving the detection accuracy of photodetector 1.

[0162] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the structure shown in Figure 4.

[0163] As shown in Figure 6, when there are multiple photodetectors 1 arranged in a two-dimensional pattern on the carrier plate 4, the method for determining the width d of the photosensitive surface described above still applies. It can be understood that the multiple photodetectors 1 can be arranged in an array on the carrier plate 4, rotated around the center O, or randomly.

[0164] It is understandable that when ambient light is received by light detector 1 after passing through light limiter 2, light detector 1 can detect the color of the ambient light. The following text uses three light detectors 1 as examples: a first light detector 11 for detecting red light intensity, a second light detector 12 for detecting green light intensity, and a third light detector 13 for detecting blue light intensity, to introduce the method of light detector 1 for detecting ambient light color.

[0165] For example, calibration data is set before shipment, and the signal ratios of multiple photodetectors 1 under different colors are measured using a standard color chart and a standard light source. Interpolation is performed based on the measured values ​​to create a table corresponding to the colors and the signal ratios of multiple colors. For example, when there are three photodetectors 1 (red, green, and blue), the reflected light value of a standard red object is r = [255, 0, 0], the reflected light value of a standard green object is g = [0, 255, 0], and the reflected light value of a standard blue object is b = [0, 0, 255]. The first photodetector 11 can obtain a first electrical signal based on the intensity of red light in the received light, the second photodetector 12 can obtain a second electrical signal based on the intensity of green light in the received light, and the third photodetector 13 can obtain a third electrical signal based on the intensity of blue light in the received light. The first, second, and third electrical signals can be transmitted to the processor on the motherboard via a circuit board or flexible circuit board. The processor can obtain the red light intensity value a1, the green light intensity value a2, and the blue light intensity value a3 based on the first, second, and third electrical signals. The reflected light value of the object being measured can then be obtained as X = [a1, a2, a3], which can be converted into vector coordinates as X = [a1Xr + a2Xg + a3Xb] / 255. In the calibrated color space based on (r, g, b), the position of the vector [a1 / 255, a2 / 255, a3 / 255] can be found by looking up a table. The corresponding color is also the color represented by the vector X, which is the color of the object being measured.

[0166] In some implementations, the object being measured can be the environment in which the electronic device 1000 is located. The processor can acquire the ambient color of the environment in which the electronic device 1000 is located. After the processor determines the ambient color, it can transmit the color vector to the display module control device (such as an MCU, display chip, etc.), and the UI of the electronic device 1000 can adjust the displayed theme accordingly to match the external environment. For example, if the ambient color is yellowish, the display module can use a warm color tone, etc. The determination of the warm color tone can use one or a group of vectors Y1, Y2, etc., within the range similar to X in the color space. The actual displayed image wallpaper can be a mixture of Y1, Y2, etc., or it can be a complex image in the wallpaper library that has a similar color tone label to X (such as warm colors corresponding to sunset, red leaves, desert, etc.). The processor can also transmit the color vector to the speaker control chip of the electronic device 1000, so that the electronic device 1000 can play music suitable for that color tone. Alternatively, the processor can also transmit the color vector to other external sound playback devices (such as speakers, etc.), which can remotely control other devices to play music suitable for that color tone.

[0167] It is understandable that combining multiple light bands can achieve a greater number of light colors. The light bands that can be detected by the first photodetector 11, the second photodetector 12, and the third photodetector 13 can be the red-green-blue combination shown in the previous example, or they can be red-yellow-green, or combinations of other light bands. This application does not impose any restrictions.

[0168] In other embodiments, the number of photodetectors 1 may be two or more, and different photodetectors 1 can be used to detect the intensity of different colors of light. Those skilled in the art can design the number of photodetectors 1 and the wavelength range of the detection light corresponding to different photodetectors 1 according to requirements or the composition of the color space, and this application does not impose any limitations.

[0169] In other embodiments, the photodetector 1 can also be used to detect the intensity of invisible light, such as near-infrared light. Thus, the color detection module 10 can be used to detect properties of an object other than color, such as skin health or food freshness.

[0170] In some embodiments, the parts that are the same as those in the embodiments shown above will not be described again. Figure 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the color detection module 10 shown in Figure 2 at section line AA.

[0171] As shown in Figure 7, the light limiter 2 can also be an optical fiber bundle. The optical fiber bundle can include multiple optical fibers 21, each fiber 21 comprising a core 211 and a cladding 212, with the cladding 212 enclosing the core 211. The optical fiber bundle can be used to ensure that the absolute value of the incident angle θ of the light received by the photodetector 1 when passing through the optical fiber bundle is less than or equal to a preset angle θ. max .

[0172] For example, the light limiter 2 can be a step-type fiber bundle. Preset angle θ max The refractive index n of fiber core 211 core The refractive index n of cladding 212 clad Satisfying Relationship:

[0173] It is understandable that by adjusting the refractive index n of fiber core 211... core The refractive index n of cladding 212 clad To design, θ max The preset angle is greater than the preset angle θ. max The light can be refracted multiple times in the optical fiber 21, and its energy is attenuated to zero, so it will not reach the housing space 6 where the photodetector 1 is located. In this way, the absolute value of the incident angle θ of the light received by the photodetector 1 when passing through the optical fiber bundle is less than or equal to the preset angle.

[0174] In other embodiments, the light limiter 2 can also be an optical fiber bundle composed of other types of optical fibers 21. Other types of optical fiber bundles can adjust the refractive index of the optical fiber 21 according to its properties, so that the absolute value of the incident angle θ of the light received by the photodetector 1 when passing through the optical fiber bundle is less than or equal to a preset angle θ. max .

[0175] In some embodiments, the parts that are the same as those in the embodiments shown above will not be described again. Figure 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of the color detection module 10 shown in Figure 2 at section line AA in another embodiment.

[0176] As shown in Figure 8, there are multiple photodetectors 1, which are spaced apart from each other. The light limiter 2 may include multiple sub-light limiters arranged at intervals. The number of sub-light limiters may be equal to the number of photodetectors 1. The multiple sub-light limiters may be arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple photodetectors 1. For example, the photodetectors 1 include a first photodetector 11, a second photodetector 12, and a third photodetector 13. The light limiter 2 may include three sub-light limiters arranged at intervals. For ease of description, the three sub-light limiters will be referred to as the first sub-light limiter 201, the second sub-light limiter 202, and the third sub-light limiter 203, respectively. The first sub-light limiter 201 may be located on the light-incident side of the first photodetector 11. The second sub-light limiter 202 may be located on the light-incident side of the second photodetector 12. The third sub-light limiter 203 may be located on the light-incident side of the third photodetector 13. The first sub-light limiter 201 is used to ensure that the absolute value of the incident angle θ1 of the light received by the first photodetector 11 when passing through the first sub-light limiter 201 is less than or equal to a first preset angle θ. 1maxThe second sub-light limiter 202 is used to ensure that the absolute value of the incident angle θ2 of the light received by the second photodetector 12 when passing through the second sub-light limiter 202 is less than or equal to a second preset angle θ. 2max The third sub-light limiter 203 is used to ensure that the absolute value of the incident angle θ3 of the light received by the third photodetector 13 when passing through the third sub-light limiter 203 is less than or equal to a third preset angle θ. 3max .

[0177] It is understandable that by setting the light limiter 2 as multiple spaced sub-light limiters, with one sub-light limiter corresponding to one photodetector 1, the material of each sub-light limiter and the limitation on the incident angle of light can be flexibly adjusted.

[0178] In some embodiments, the number of through holes 33 can also be multiple. The number of through holes 33 and the number of sub-light limiters can be equal. Multiple sub-light limiters can be arranged one-to-one within the through holes 33.

[0179] In some embodiments, the first sub-light limiter 201 may be a microlens. First preset angle θ 1max The focal length f1 of the first sub-light limiter 201 satisfies the following relationship:

[0180] Wherein, D1 is the photosensitive surface width of the first type of photodetector 11. It can be understood that the measurement method of the photosensitive surface width D1 of the first type of photodetector 11 can refer to the method described above. For example, the projection of the optical axis of the first sub-light limiter 201 onto the carrier plate 4 is a circle drawn with the center as the center. The diameter of the smallest circle covering the photosensitive surface of the first type of photodetector 11 is the photosensitive surface width D1 in formula (1-1).

[0181] In some embodiments, the second sub-light limiter 202 may be a microlens. The second preset angle θ 2max The focal length f2 of the second sub-light limiter 202 satisfies the following relationship:

[0182] Wherein, D2 is the photosensitive surface width of the second type of photodetector 12. The measurement method of the photosensitive surface width D2 of the second type of photodetector 12 can refer to the measurement method of the photosensitive surface width D1 of the first type of photodetector 11 mentioned above, and will not be repeated here.

[0183] In some embodiments, the third sub-light limiter 203 may be a microlens. The third preset angle θ 3max The focal length f3 of the third sub-light limiter 203 satisfies the following relationship:

[0184] Wherein, D3 is the photosensitive surface width of the third type of photodetector 13. The measurement method of the photosensitive surface width D3 of the third type of photodetector 13 can refer to the measurement method of the photosensitive surface width D1 of the first type of photodetector 11 mentioned above, and will not be repeated here.

[0185] It is understandable that multiple sub-light limiters can all be microlenses; or all be fiber bundles; or some of them can be microlenses and some can be fiber bundles. The multiple sub-light limiters shown in Figure 8 are all microlenses.

[0186] In other embodiments, the light limiter 2 may also include two or three or more sub-light limiters, which can be set according to the number of photodetectors 1.

[0187] Figure 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the structure shown in Figure 8.

[0188] As shown in Figure 9, the light limiter 2 may include multiple spaced sub-light limiters. When the sub-light limiters are microlenses, the light limiter 2 may also include a plane lens 204, which can be connected between adjacent sub-light limiters. Multiple spaced sub-light limiters can be connected by the plane lens 204 to form an integral structural component.

[0189] For example, the light limiter 2 may include a first sub-light limiter 201, a second sub-light limiter 202, a third sub-light limiter 203, and a plane lens 204. The first sub-light limiter 201, the second sub-light limiter 202, and the third sub-light limiter 203 are spaced apart. The first sub-light limiter 201, the second sub-light limiter 202, and the third sub-light limiter 203 can be connected by the plane lens 204 to form an integral structural component. For ease of understanding, the first sub-light limiter 201, the second sub-light limiter 202, the third sub-light limiter 203, and the plane lens 204 are schematically distinguished by dashed lines in FIG9.

[0190] For example, the housing 3 may have one through hole 33, and the light limiter 2 may be disposed within the through hole 33. In this way, multiple sub-light limiters can be installed within the through hole 33 in a single assembly process.

[0191] In some embodiments, the multiple sub-light limiters and the plane lens 204 can be integrally formed structural components. For example, the light limiter 2 can be a single lens with a localized area processed to form a microlens with a specific focal length (first sub-light limiter 201, second sub-light limiter 202, third sub-light limiter 203), with the unprocessed area (i.e., the plane lens 204) used to connect two sub-light limiters. Alternatively, a mold of a specific shape can be designed, allowing the light limiter 2, as shown in Figure 9, to be formed in one step during lens fabrication. In other embodiments, the light limiter 2 can also be assembled from multiple microlenses and the plane lens 204 using processes such as adhesive bonding.

[0192] In some embodiments, the parts that are the same as those in the embodiments shown above will not be described again. Figure 10 is a partial cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the color detection module 10 shown in Figure 2 at section line AA. Figure 11 is a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the plurality of photodetectors 1 shown in Figure 10.

[0193] As shown in Figures 10 and 11, the color detection module 10 may include multiple photodetectors 1, a light limiter 2, a housing 3, and a carrier plate 4. The multiple substrates included in the multiple photodetectors 1 can be connected to each other to form a color detection array. In this way, the multiple photodetectors 1 can be mounted as a whole (color detection array) onto the carrier plate 4, simplifying the assembly process and improving assembly efficiency.

[0194] It is understandable that multiple photodetectors 1 are connected and arranged on substrates to form a color detection array. With the number of photodetectors 1 remaining constant, the space occupied by multiple photodetectors 1 is smaller, thus allowing for a smaller color detection module 10. When the color detection module 10 is mounted on the electronic device 1000, the smaller color detection module 10 is less restricted and can be flexibly arranged in different parts of the electronic device 1000. For example, when the electronic device 1000 is a watch, the smaller color detection module 10 has more selectable mounting locations.

[0195] In some embodiments, the multiple photodetectors 1, including multiple photoelectric conversion structures, multiple filter layers, multiple insulating layers, and multiple pairs of pins, can be disposed on a common substrate 50. A portion of the common substrate 50 can be used as the substrate for the photodetectors, and another portion can be used as a connection portion connecting the substrates of the multiple photodetectors. For example, the number of photodetectors 1 is three, namely a first type photodetector 11, a second type photodetector 12, and a third type photodetector 13. A portion of the common substrate can be used as the first substrate 114 of the first type photodetector 11, a portion can be used as the second substrate 121 of the second type photodetector 12, a portion can be used as the third substrate 131 of the third type photodetector 13, and a portion can be used as the connection portion 51 between the first substrate 114, the second substrate 121, and the third substrate 131. In FIG11, the first substrate 114, the second substrate 121, the third substrate 131, and the connection portion 51 are schematically distinguished by dashed lines.

[0196] It is understandable that different filter layers can be used to filter light of different wavelengths. Light of different wavelengths filtered by the filter layer is received by different photoelectric conversion structures. The different photoelectric conversion structures convert the optical signals into electrical signals according to the intensity of the received light of different wavelengths, thereby realizing the detection of the intensity of light of different wavelengths.

[0197] In some embodiments, a pair of pins is electrically connected to a photoelectric conversion structure. Multiple pairs of pins are configured in a one-to-one correspondence with multiple photoelectric conversion structures, with each pair of pins used to output the electrical signal of one photoelectric conversion structure. In this way, the multiple pairs of pins of the color detection array can output multiple electrical signals corresponding to electrical signals converted from light of multiple different wavelengths. In other embodiments, multiple photoelectric conversion structures can also share an anode or cathode, and the signal from the shared anode / cathode can be output through a single pin, thus reducing the number of pins. This application does not impose a specific limitation on the number of pins.

[0198] In some embodiments, the color detection array can be a linear array of photodiodes, with multiple photoelectric conversion structures arranged in one direction. In other embodiments, the color detection array can also be a planar array of photodiodes, with multiple photoelectric conversion structures arranged in two dimensions on a common substrate.

[0199] It is understood that the multiple photodetectors 1 shown in Figure 10 include multiple photoelectric conversion structures arranged spaced apart from each other. In other embodiments, the substrates of the multiple photoelectric conversion structures may also be connected to each other. In this way, the volume of the color detection module 10 can be further reduced.

[0200] In some embodiments, the same content as in the previous embodiments will not be repeated in this embodiment. Figure 12 is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the color detection module 10 provided in this application. Figure 13 is a partial cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the color detection module 10 shown in Figure 12 at section line BB. Figure 14 is a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the photodetector 1 shown in Figure 13.

[0201] As shown in Figures 12 to 14, the color detection module 10 may include a photodetector 1, a light-transmitting cover plate 8, a housing 3, and a support plate 4. The housing 3 and support plate 4 in this embodiment can be configured similarly to those in the embodiment shown in Figure 3 above. The light-transmitting cover plate 8 can be fixedly connected to the housing 3 and covers the through-hole 33 of the housing 3. It is understood that light from outside the color detection module 10 can pass through the light-transmitting cover plate 8 and the through-hole 33 and be received by the photodetector 1. The direction of incident light propagation is indicated by arrows in Figure 13.

[0202] For example, the photodetector 1 may include a light-limiting structure 101, a filter layer 102, an insulating layer 103, a photoelectric conversion structure 104, and a substrate 105 stacked along the incident light direction. In other words, along the Z-axis direction, from top to bottom, the light-limiting structure 101, the filter layer 102, the insulating layer 103, the photoelectric conversion structure 104, and the substrate 105 are arranged sequentially. The filter layer 102, the insulating layer 103, and the photoelectric conversion structure 104 can constitute a color detection structure 7. The color detection structure 7 can be used to detect the light intensity of a specific wavelength band in ambient light. It is understood that the arrangement of the filter layer 102, the insulating layer 103, the photoelectric conversion structure 104, and the substrate 105 in this embodiment can refer to the arrangement of the first filter layer 111, the first insulating layer 112, the first photoelectric conversion structure 113, and the first substrate 114 in the embodiment shown above, and will not be repeated here.

[0203] In some embodiments, the light-limiting structure 101 is fixed to the light-incident side of the filter layer 102, allowing light to pass through the light-limiting structure 101 and enter the color detection structure 7, where it is received by the photosensitive surface of the color detection structure 7. The light-limiting structure 101 ensures that the absolute value of the incident angle θ of the light received by the color detection structure 7 when passing through the light-limiting structure 101 is less than or equal to a preset angle θ. max For example, the preset angle can be less than or equal to 30°. For example, 30°, 25°, 20°, 10°, 5°, etc.

[0204] It is understandable that, compared to fixing the light limiter 2 to the housing 3 in the previous embodiment, the light limiting structure 101 is integrated into the photodetector 1 in this embodiment, which helps to reduce the thickness of the light limiting structure 101, and thus the overall device arrangement of the color detection module 10 can be more compact.

[0205] In some embodiments, the light-limiting structure 101 can be an optical fiber bundle, a microlens, or a metalens. It is understood that when the light-limiting structure 101 is a microlens, a preset angle θ is used. max The setting method for the focal length f of the microlens can refer to formula (1) mentioned above, where d is the width of the photosensitive surface of the color detection structure 7; when the light-limiting structure 101 is an optical fiber bundle, the optical fiber bundle includes multiple optical fibers, and each optical fiber includes a core and a cladding. The preset angle θ... max The refractive index n of the fiber core core The refractive index n of the cladding clad The setting method can be referred to formula (2) mentioned above.

[0206] In some embodiments, the color detection module 10 may include one or more photodetectors 1. Exemplarily, there may be multiple photodetectors 1, which are insulated from each other. The filter layers 102 in different photodetectors 1 can be used to filter light of different wavelengths. The photoelectric conversion structures 104 in different photodetectors 1 can be used to detect the intensity of light of different wavelengths. Exemplarily, there may be three photodetectors 1, each used to detect the intensity of red, green, and blue light. The three colors (red, green, and blue) can be combined to obtain a greater number of colors. Exemplarily, the substrates 105 of multiple photodetectors 1 may be connected (as shown in FIG. 14).

[0207] In some embodiments, a photodetector 1 may include one or more color detection structures 7. Multiple color detection structures 7 are disposed on the substrate 105 insulated from each other. The filter layers 102 of different color detection structures 7 are used to filter light of different colors (different wavelengths). The photoelectric conversion structures 104 of different color detection structures 7 can be used to detect the intensity of light in different wavelengths. For example, the number of color detection structures 7 is three, used to detect the intensity of red, green, and blue light, respectively.

[0208] For example, the number of light-limiting structures 101 can also be multiple. Multiple light-limiting structures 101 and multiple color detection structures 7 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. In this way, compared to one light-limiting structure 101 corresponding to multiple color detection structures 7, the size of the light-limiting structure 101 in this solution can be smaller.

[0209] In some embodiments, the photodetector 1 may further include pins (not shown) for electrically connecting to the photoelectric conversion structure 104, transmitting the electrical signals of the photoelectric conversion structure 104 to the motherboard of the electronic device 1000. The pin configuration can refer to the configuration of the first pin 115 and the second pin 116 in the previous embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0210] In other embodiments, the upper and lower positions of the light-limiting structure 101 and the filter layer 102 can be interchanged. In other words, along the Z-axis direction, from top to bottom, the filter layer 102, the light-limiting structure 101, the insulating layer 103, the photoelectric conversion structure 104, and the substrate 105 are arranged sequentially.

[0211] Figure 15 is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the photodetector 1 shown in Figure 14.

[0212] As shown in Figures 14 and 15, a photodetector 1 may include multiple color detection structures 7. The substrates 1041 of the photoelectric conversion structures 104 of the multiple color detection structures 7 can be connected to each other (the multiple color detection structures 7 are schematically divided by dashed lines in Figure 15). In this way, compared with the scheme in which multiple color detection structures 7 are disposed on the substrate 105 at intervals, in this embodiment the substrates 1041 of the multiple photoelectric conversion structures 104 can be connected, that is, the multiple photoelectric conversion structures 104 can share the substrate 1041, which is beneficial to reduce the size of the photodetector 1.

[0213] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the electronic device 1000 provided in this application. Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of yet another embodiment of the electronic device 1000 provided in this application.

[0214] As shown in Figures 16 and 17, the color detection module 10 can also be disposed on the front side 1002 of the electronic device 1000. For example, light can enter the color detection module 10 from the front side 1002 of the electronic device 1000.

[0215] Figure 18 is a partial cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the electronic device 1000 shown in Figure 17 at section line CC.

[0216] As shown in Figures 17 and 18, the electronic device 1000 may include a color detection module 10, a screen 20, and a housing 30. The display module may be mounted on the housing 30, and together with the housing 30, enclose the internal space of the electronic device 1000. The photodetector 1 of the color detection module 10 may be located within the internal space of the electronic device 1000.

[0217] For example, screen 20 may include a display panel 2001 and a cover plate 2002 stacked together. The cover plate 2002 is mounted on housing 30 and together with housing 30 encloses the internal space of electronic device 1000. Display panel 2001 is fixed to cover plate 2002 and is located in the internal space of electronic device 1000.

[0218] In some embodiments, the cover plate 32 may have a through hole 33, and the light limiter 2 of the color detection module 10 may be disposed within the through hole 33. It is understood that a portion of the cover plate 2002 of the screen 20 may serve as part of the housing 3 of the color detection module 10.

[0219] In some embodiments, the carrier plate 4 of the color detection module 10 may be fixed to the housing 30. It is understood that the housing 3 of the color detection module 10 may be part of the housing 30 of the electronic device 1000. Exemplarily, the light detector 1 may be fixed to the mid-frame of the electronic device 1000.

[0220] In other embodiments, the photodetector 1 can be stacked with the display panel 2001 along the thickness direction of the electronic device 1000. The electronic device 1000 may also include a light-conducting structure. One end of the light-conducting structure may be positioned opposite the light limiter 2, and the other end opposite the photosensitive surface of the photodetector 1. The light-conducting structure can conduct light passing through the light limiter 2 to the location of the photodetector 1. Thus, the position of the photodetector 1 inside the electronic device 1000 is not affected by the light limiter 2 and can be placed at any location. The placement of the photodetector 1 is more flexible, which is beneficial for the arrangement of devices inside the electronic device 1000. For example, the light-conducting structure may be an optical waveguide.

[0221] In some embodiments, when the electronic device 1000 does not have a screen 20, the housing 30 of the electronic device 1000 may have a through hole 33 for installing the light limiter 2. The housing 3 of the color detection module 10 may be part of the housing 30 of the electronic device 1000.

[0222] In some implementations, the photodetector 1 may be fixed to the motherboard of the electronic device 1000. It is understood that a portion of the motherboard of the electronic device 1000 may serve as the carrier board 4 of the color detection module 10.

[0223] It is understood that, without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other, and any combination of features in different embodiments is also within the protection scope of this application. That is to say, the multiple embodiments described above can also be arbitrarily combined according to actual needs.

[0224] It is understood that all the above figures are exemplary illustrations of this application and do not represent the actual size of the product. Furthermore, the dimensional proportions between the components in the figures are not intended to limit the actual product of this application.

[0225] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A color detection module (10), characterized in that, The color detection module (10) comprises a light detector (1), a light limiter (2), a shell (3) and a bearing plate (4), the shell (3) and the bearing plate (4) form a containing space (6), the light detector (1) is installed on the bearing plate (4) and located in the containing space (6), the shell (3) is provided with a through hole (33) for arranging the light limiter (2). The light limiter (2) is located at the light-in side of the light detector (1), external light enters the containing space (6) through the light limiter (2) and is received by the light detector (1), and the light limiter (2) is used for making the absolute value of the incident angle θ of the light received by the light detector (1) when passing through the light limiter (2) less than or equal to a preset angle θ max .

2. The color detection module (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that The light limiter (2) is a fiber bundle or a microlens.

3. The color detection module (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that The light limiter (2) is a fiber bundle, the fiber bundle comprises a plurality of optical fibers, the optical fiber comprises a core and a cladding, and the cladding wraps the core. The preset angle θ max The refractive index n of the core core The refractive index n of the cladding clad The relationship is satisfied:

4. The color detection module (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that The light limiter (2) is a microlens, the preset angle θ max and the focal length f of the microlens satisfy the relationship: Wherein, d is the width of the photosensitive surface of the light detector (1).

5. The color detection module (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The optical axis of the light limiter (2) is perpendicular to the photosensitive surface of the light detector (1).

6. The color detection module (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The shell (3) comprises a side wall (31) and a cover plate (32), the cover plate (32) and the bearing plate (4) are oppositely arranged, the side wall (31) is connected between the bearing plate (4) and the cover plate (32), the side wall (31), the cover plate (32) and the bearing plate (4) form the containing space (6), and the through hole (33) is located on the cover plate (32).

7. The color detection module (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The bearing plate (4) is a circuit board, and the light detector (1) is fixed and electrically connected to the circuit board.

8. The color detection module (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The light detector (1) comprises a filter layer, an insulating layer, a photoelectric conversion structure and a substrate which are sequentially stacked along the direction of incident light.

9. The color detection module (10) according to claim 8, characterized in that The number of the light detectors (1) is multiple, and the multiple light detectors (1) are used for detecting light of different colors. The multiple photoelectric conversion structures included in the multiple light detectors (1) are spaced and insulated.

10. The color detection module (10) according to claim 9, characterized in that The multiple substrates included in the multiple light detectors (1) are spaced.

11. The color detection module (10) according to claim 9, characterized in that The multiple substrates included in the multiple light detectors (1) are connected.

12. The color detection module (10) according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that, The multiple light detectors (1) comprise a first light detector (11), a second light detector (12) and a third light detector (13), the first light detector (11), the second light detector (12) and the third light detector (13) are spaced on the bearing plate (4), and the light limiter (2) is located on the light-incident side of the first light detector (11), the second light detector (12) and the third light detector (13).

13. The color detection module (10) according to claim 12, characterized in that The first light detector (11) is a red light detector, the second light detector (12) is a green light detector, and the third light detector (13) is a blue light detector.

14. The color detection module (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, When the color detection module (10) is used for detecting a first object at a first position, the absolute value of the incident angle θ is less than or equal to a first angle, and when the color detection module (10) is used for detecting a second object at a second position, the absolute value of the incident angle θ is less than or equal to a second angle. The distance between the first position and the color detection module (10) is less than the distance between the second position and the color detection module (10), and the first angle is greater than the second angle.

15. The color detection module (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that, The preset angle θ max less than or equal to 30°.

16. An electronic device (1000), characterized by, The color detection module (10) comprises a housing (3), and the housing (3) is part of the shell (30) of the electronic device (1000).

17. The electronic device (1000) according to claim 16, characterized by, The color detection module (10) is arranged on the side (1001) of the electronic device (1000).

18. The electronic device (1000) according to any one of claims 16-17, characterized by, The color detection module (10) is a key of the electronic device (1000).

19. The electronic device (1000) according to any one of claims 16-18, characterized by, The electronic device (1000) is a watch or a bracelet.

20. A photodetector (1) characterized by The color detection module (10) comprises a light limiting structure (101), a color detection structure (7) and a substrate (105) which are stacked in the direction of incident light. The light limiting structure (101) is configured to make the absolute value of the incident angle of the light received by the color detection structure (7) when passing through the light limiting structure (101) less than or equal to a preset angle θ max .

21. The photodetector (1) according to claim 20, characterized in that The light limiting structure (101) is a fiber bundle, a microlens or a superlens.

22. The photodetector (1) according to claim 21, characterized in that The light limiting structure (101) is a fiber bundle, and the fiber bundle comprises a plurality of optical fibers, each of which comprises a core and a cladding, and the cladding wraps the core. The preset angle θ max The refractive index n of the core core The refractive index n of the cladding clad The relationship is satisfied:

23. The photodetector (1) according to claim 21, characterized in that The light limiting structure (101) is a microlens, the preset angle θ max and the focal length f of the microlens satisfy the relationship: d is the width of the light-receiving surface of the color detection structure (7).

24. The photodetector (1) according to any one of claims 20 to 23, characterized in that, The color detection structure (7) is used for detecting light of different colors. The color detection structures (7) are insulated from each other.

25. The photodetector (1) according to claim 24, characterized in that The color detection structure (7) is used for detecting light of different colors. The color detection structures (7) are insulated from each other. The color detection structure (7) is used for detecting light of different colors. The color detection structures (7) are insulated from each other. The color detection structure (7) is used for detecting light of different colors. The color detection structures (7) are insulated from each other. The color detection structure (7) is used for detecting light of different colors. The color detection structures (7) are insulated from each other. The color detection structure (7) is used for detecting light of different colors. The color detection structures (7) are insulated from each other. The color detection structure (7) is used for detecting light of different colors. The color detection structures (7) are insulated from each other. The color detection structure (7) is used for detecting light of different colors. The color detection structures (7) are insulated from each other. The color detection structure (7) is used for detecting light of different colors. The color detection structures (7) are insulated from each other. The color detection structure (7) is used for detecting light of different colors. The color detection structures (7) are insulated from each other. The color detection structure (7) is used for detecting light of different colors. The color detection structures (7) are insulated from each other. The color detection structure (7) is used for detecting light of different colors. The color detection structures (7) are insulated from each other. The color detection structure (7) is used for detecting light of different colors. The color detection structures (7) are insulated from each other. The color detection structure (7) is used for detecting light of different colors. The color detection structures (7) are insulated from each other. The color detection structure (7) is used for detecting light of different colors. The color detection structures (7) are insulated from each other. The color detection structure (7) is used for detecting light of different colors. The color detection structures (7) are insulated from each other. The color detection structure (7) is used for detecting light of different colors

Images