Signal transmission method and apparatus, signal processing method and apparatus, and related device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of communications. Disclosed are a signal transmission method and apparatus, a signal processing method and apparatus, and a related device. The signal transmission method in the embodiments of the present application comprises: sending a reference signal, wherein the reference signal is used for estimating transmission characteristic information of a transmitted signal.

Description

Signal transmission method, signal processing method, device and related equipment

[0001] Cross-reference to Related Applications

[0002] The present application is based on Chinese Patent Application No. 202411007003.8, filed on July 25, 2024, and claims priority to the Chinese Patent Application No. 202411007003.8, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, in particular to a signal transmission method, a signal processing method, a device and related equipment. BACKGROUND

[0004] In related technologies, due to various factors (nonlinear distortion factors of power amplifiers), the transmitted signal will generate additional components, such as harmonic components, intermodulation components, and even intermodulation products between components, during the process of being transmitted from the sending end to the receiving end, thereby causing signal distortion and making it difficult for the receiving end to accurately recover the signal. Therefore, it is difficult to ensure the consistency of the signal received by the receiving end and the signal sent by the sending end in the existing signal transmission scheme. SUMMARY

[0005] Embodiments of the present application provide a signal transmission method, a signal processing method, a device and related equipment, which can solve the problem that it is difficult to ensure the consistency of the signal received by the receiving end and the signal sent by the sending end in the existing signal transmission scheme.

[0006] In a first aspect, a signal transmission method is provided, which is executed by a sending end, and the method comprises:

[0007] sending a reference signal, the reference signal being used to estimate transmission characteristic information of a transmission signal.

[0008] In a second aspect, a signal processing method is provided, which is executed by a receiving end, and the method comprises:

[0009] receiving a reference signal, the reference signal being used to assist the receiving end to estimate transmission characteristic information of a received transmission signal;

[0010] performing receiving processing on the transmission signal according to the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal.

[0011] In a third aspect, a signal transmission device is provided, which comprises:

[0012] a first sending module configured to send a reference signal, the reference signal being used to estimate transmission characteristic information of a transmission signal.

[0013] In a fourth aspect, a signal processing apparatus is provided, comprising:

[0014] a first receiving module configured to receive a reference signal, the reference signal being used to assist a receiving end to estimate transmission characteristic information of a received transmission signal;

[0015] a processing module configured to perform receiving processing on the transmission signal according to the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal.

[0016] In a fifth aspect, a signal transmission apparatus configured to perform the steps of the method according to the first aspect is provided, or a signal processing apparatus configured to perform the steps of the method according to the second aspect is provided.

[0017] In a sixth aspect, a terminal is provided, comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing programs or instructions executable on the processor, the programs or instructions being executed by the processor to implement the steps of the method according to the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0018] In a seventh aspect, a terminal is provided, comprising a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is configured to transmit a reference signal, the reference signal being used to estimate transmission characteristic information of a transmission signal; or the communication interface is configured to receive a reference signal, the reference signal being used to assist a receiving end to estimate transmission characteristic information of a received transmission signal; and the processor is configured to perform receiving processing on the transmission signal according to the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal.

[0019] In an eighth aspect, a network side device is provided, comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing programs or instructions executable on the processor, the programs or instructions being executed by the processor to implement the steps of the method according to the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0020] In a ninth aspect, a network side device is provided, comprising a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is configured to transmit a reference signal, the reference signal being used to estimate transmission characteristic information of a transmission signal; or the communication interface is configured to receive a reference signal, the reference signal being used to assist a receiving end to estimate transmission characteristic information of a received transmission signal; and the processor is configured to perform receiving processing on the transmission signal according to the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal.

[0021] In a tenth aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, the readable storage medium storing programs or instructions, the programs or instructions being executed by a processor to implement the steps of the method according to the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method according to the second aspect.

[0022] In an eleventh aspect, a wireless communication system is provided, comprising: a terminal configured to perform the steps of the method according to the first aspect, and a network-side device configured to perform the steps of the method according to the second aspect.

[0023] In a twelfth aspect, a chip is provided, comprising a processor and a communication interface coupled to the processor, wherein the processor is configured to execute a program or an instruction to implement the steps of the method according to the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0024] In a thirteenth aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, stored in a storage medium, and executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the method according to the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0025] In the embodiments of the present application, a reference signal is transmitted, which is used to estimate the transmission characteristic information of a transmission signal, so that the receiving end can estimate the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal according to the reference signal, and the receiving end can subsequently perform corresponding receiving processing on the transmission signal based on the transmission characteristic information, so as to compensate for the distortion of the received transmission signal, thereby effectively ensuring the consistency of the signal transmitted by the sending end and the signal received by the receiving end. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] FIG. 1 shows a structure diagram of a communication system to which the embodiments of the present application can be applied;

[0027] FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the nonlinear characteristics of a power amplifier;

[0028] FIG. 3 shows a flowchart of a signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG. 4 shows an interaction diagram of a signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] FIG. 5 shows another interaction diagram of a signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG. 6 shows a transmission diagram of a reference signal according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG. 7 shows another transmission diagram of a reference signal according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] FIG. 8 shows a flowchart of a signal transmission method according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG. 9 shows a flowchart of a signal processing method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG. 10 shows a module diagram of a signal transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 11 shows a module schematic diagram of a signal transmission device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 12 shows a structure block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 13 shows a structure block diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 14 shows a structure block diagram of a network side device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0041] The terms "first", "second", and the like in the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second" are generally of a kind and do not limit the number of objects, for example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "or" in the present application means at least one of the connected objects. For example, the protection scope of "A or B" at least covers three schemes, namely, scheme one: including A and not including B; scheme two: including B and not including A; scheme three: including A and B. In addition, the terms "A and / or B", "at least one of A and B", "at least one of A or B" also at least cover the above three schemes, respectively. The character " / " generally represents that the objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0042] The term "indication" in the present application can be a direct indication (or explicit indication) or an indirect indication (or implicit indication). Among them, the direct indication can be understood as the sender explicitly informing the receiver of the specific information, the operation to be performed or the requested result, etc. in the indication sent by the sender; the indirect indication can be understood as the receiver determining the corresponding information according to the indication sent by the sender, or judging and determining the operation to be performed or the requested result according to the judgment result.

[0043] It is worth noting that the technology described in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) or other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in the embodiments of the present application are often used interchangeably, and the described technology can be used in the above-mentioned systems and radio technologies, as well as in other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes a New Radio (NR) system for example purposes, and NR terminology is used in most of the following description, but these technologies can also be applied to systems other than NR systems, such as 6th Generation (6G) communication systems. th

[0044] ​FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a wireless communication system to which embodiments of the present application can be applied. The wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network-side device 12. The terminal 11 can also be referred to as a user equipment (UE). The terminal 11 can be a terminal-side device such as a mobile phone, a tablet personal computer, a laptop computer, a notebook computer, a personal digital assistant, a palm computer, a netbook, an ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), a mobile Internet device (MID), an augmented reality (AR) device, a virtual reality (VR) device, a robot, a wearable device, a flight vehicle, a vehicle user equipment (VUE), a shipboard device, a pedestrian user equipment (PUE), a smart home (a home device with a wireless communication function such as a refrigerator, a television, a washing machine, or furniture), a game console, a personal computer (PC), a kiosk, or a self-service machine. The wearable device includes a smart watch, a smart bracelet, a smart earphone, smart glasses, smart jewelry (a smart bracelet, a smart necklace, a smart ring, a smart necklace, a smart anklet, a smart necklace, and the like), a smart wristband, smart clothing, and the like. The vehicle-mounted device can also be referred to as a vehicle-mounted terminal, a vehicle-mounted controller, a vehicle-mounted module, a vehicle-mounted component, a vehicle-mounted chip, or a vehicle-mounted unit. It should be noted that the specific type of the terminal 11 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. The network-side device 12 can include an access network device or a core network device. The access network device can also be referred to as a radio access network (RAN) device, a radio access network function, or a radio access network unit. The access network device can include a base station, a wireless local area network (WLAN) access point (AP), or a wireless fidelity (WiFi) node.The base station can be referred to as a Node B (NB), an evolved Node B (eNB), a next generation Node B (gNB), a New Radio Node B (NR Node B), an access point, a relay base station (RBS), a serving base station (SBS), a base transceiver station (BTS), a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a basic service set (BSS), an extended service set (ESS), a home Node B (HNB), a home evolved Node B, a transmit / receive point (TRP), a Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) device (such as a satellite or a high altitude platform station, etc.), or some other suitable terminology in the art, so long as the same technical effect is achieved, and the base station is not limited to a specific technical term. It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, only the base station in the NR system is taken as an example for introduction, and the specific type of the base station is not limited.

[0045] The core network device can also be referred to as a core network node, a core network function, or a core network network element, etc., which includes but is not limited to at least one of the following: a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management function (AMF), a session management function (SMF), a user plane function (UPF), a policy control function (PCF), a policy and charging rules function (PCRF), an edge application server discovery function (EASDF), a unified data management (UDM), a unified data repository (UDR), a home subscriber server (HSS), a centralized network configuration (CNC), a network repository function (NRF), a network exposure function (NEF), a local NEF (L-NEF), a binding support function (BSF), an application function (AF), a location management function (LMF), a gateway mobile location center (GMLC), a network data analytics function (NWDAF), a non-terrestrial network (NTN) device (such as a satellite or a high altitude platform station, etc.), and the like.It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present application, only the core network device in the NR system is taken as an example for introduction, and the specific type of the core network device is not limited. If the name of the core network device mentioned in the embodiments of the present application changes in subsequent protocol versions (for example, 6G), it is also within the protection scope of the present application.

[0046] Optionally, the core network device can be implemented by one or more function modules in one device, or can be implemented by multiple devices together, and the embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitation thereon. It can be understood that the above function modules can be network elements in a hardware device, or software function modules running on a special hardware, or virtualized function modules instantiated on a platform (for example, a cloud platform), etc.

[0047] In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the embodiments of the present application, the following is first described.

[0048] I. Power amplifier (Power Amplifier, PA);

[0049] In the related art, in order to transmit long-distance electrical signals and ensure signal quality, the signal needs to be amplified. And the power amplifier (PA for short) is an important tool that effectively converts weak signals into powerful output signals by increasing the power of the signal.

[0050] 1. Nonlinearity of PA:

[0051] As shown in FIG. 2, the nonlinearity of the power amplifier refers to that when the input signal of the power amplifier is a small current signal, the output power increases linearly with the input power, the ratio of the output signal power to the input signal power is constant, that is, the gain is a fixed value, which is called linear state. When the power amplifier inputs a large current signal, the power ratio of the output signal to the input signal changes, and the power ratio gradually decreases, that is, the gain appears compression phenomenon. The final result is that the input signal power increases, while the output power remains unchanged, which is called saturation state. In order to improve the efficiency of the power amplifier and make the signal transmission distance farther, the power amplifier needs to work in the saturation region or the nonlinear region for a long time. However, before the power amplifier reaches the saturation state, the gain has already appeared compression, which is called power amplifier nonlinear distortion.

[0052] The nonlinear distortion of the power amplifier causes the transmission signal to generate additional frequency components, such as harmonic components, intermodulation components, etc., and even the products of intermodulation between components. These components caused by distortion do not match the signal to be transmitted, causing trouble in the transmission process, resulting in incomplete phenomena such as voice distortion and discontinuity in the finally received signal. Therefore, the nonlinear distortion of the power amplifier needs to be linearized to make the signal amplified by the power amplifier remain complete and intact.

[0053] 2. Efficiency and power consumption of PA:

[0054] The efficiency of power amplifier is generally low. The power amplifier commonly used in communication system can theoretically reach 50% or even higher, but in actual operation, the general efficiency is only 10% to 30%.

[0055] Generally speaking, the efficiency of power amplifier will increase with the increase of output power, and the efficiency of power amplifier is the highest when working in the saturation region.

[0056] At the same time, although the gain and efficiency of power amplifier will increase with the increase of output power, due to the increase of output power, the power consumption of power amplifier will also increase accordingly, but the increase is not as much as the increase of output power.

[0057] 2. Nonlinear distortion processing technology:

[0058] There are many ways to deal with the nonlinear distortion of power amplifier, and the common ones are power backoff and digital pre-distortion (DPD) technology.

[0059] Among them, power backoff, also known as power backoff method, is to back off the input power of power amplifier from 1 dB compression point (equivalent to the critical point of linear and nonlinear region of amplifier) to 6-10 decibels, and work at a level much smaller than 1 dB compression point, so that the power amplifier is far away from the saturation region and enters the linear working area, thereby improving the third-order intermodulation coefficient of the power amplifier. Generally, when the fundamental power decreases by 1 dB, the third-order intermodulation distortion is improved by 2 dB. However, due to power backoff, the working point of PA is far away from the saturation point, and the efficiency of PA is low. At the same time, when the output power is backoff to a certain extent, such as when the third-order intermodulation value is less than -45 dBc, it is difficult to further improve the linearity of PA by continuing to backoff. Moreover, for wideband signals, the effect of power backoff is also limited due to memory effect.

[0060] Digital pre-distortion technology, through a predistorter and a PA cascade, the nonlinear distortion function is built into the digital and digital baseband signal processing domain, which has the same amount of distortion (equal) as the amplifier, but the function is opposite. Combining these two nonlinear distortion functions can achieve a highly linear and distortionless system. The challenge of digital pre-distortion technology is that the distortion (i.e. nonlinearity) characteristics of PA will change with time, temperature and biasing, and will be different due to different devices.

[0061] 3. Digital post-distortion technology:

[0062] Unlike the DPD technology which pre-processes the non-linear distortion at the transmitting end where the PA is located, the digital post-distortion technology post-processes the signal at the receiving end, i.e. removes the non-linear distortion term in the received signal. The digital post-distortion technology has the advantage that the PA can work at the saturation point to improve the efficiency of the power amplifier.

[0063] Suppose that a commonly used MP model is used to establish the mathematical model of the PA, which is as follows:

[0064] Where n represents the nth sampling point in the time domain, d represents the memory depth of the PA, p represents the order, and c represents the kernel function of the stage, i.e. the non-linear characteristics in the signal can be simply considered to be composed of the memory depth, the order and the kernel function.

[0065] When the receiving end knows the non-linear characteristics of the PA, the mathematical model of the PA can be established, and then the non-linear distortion term in the signal can be removed.

[0066] The signal transmission method provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail in combination with the accompanying drawings and some embodiments and application scenarios.

[0067] As shown in FIG. 3, the embodiments of the present application provide a signal transmission method, which is executed by a sending end, and the method comprises:

[0068] Step 301: sending a reference signal, the reference signal being used to estimate transmission characteristic information of a transmission signal.

[0069] In the embodiments of the present application, the sending end is a terminal or a network side device, and the network side device can be a base station.

[0070] In this step, the sending end sends the reference signal to the receiving end, so that the receiving end estimates the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal sent by the sending end based on the reference signal.

[0071] The receiving end can be a terminal or a network side device. For example, the sending end is a terminal, and the receiving end is a terminal; or the sending end is a terminal, and the receiving end is a base station; or the sending end is a base station, and the receiving end is a terminal.

[0072] Optionally, the transmission signal comprises at least one of a reference signal, a data signal and a control signal.

[0073] Optionally, the reference signal comprises at least one of:

[0074] a demodulation reference signal (DMRS);

[0075] a sounding reference signal (SRS).

[0076] Synchronization Signal and PBCH block (SSB);

[0077] Primary Synchronisation Signal (PSS);

[0078] Secondary Synchronisation Signal (SSS);

[0079] Tracking Reference Signal (TRS);

[0080] Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS);

[0081] CSI Reference Signal (CSI-RS).

[0082] In the embodiments of the present application, the sending end sends a reference signal, and the reference signal is used to estimate transmission characteristic information of a transmission signal, so that the receiving end can estimate the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal according to the reference signal, and the receiving end can subsequently perform corresponding receiving processing on the transmission signal based on the transmission characteristic information, so as to compensate for distortion of the received transmission signal, thereby effectively ensuring consistency of signals sent by the sending end and signals received by the receiving end.

[0083] Optionally, the reference signal comprises at least one of the following:

[0084] a first reference signal;

[0085] a second reference signal;

[0086] The first reference signal is used to estimate channel characteristic information of a transmission signal.

[0087] The second reference signal is used to estimate nonlinear characteristic information of a transmission signal.

[0088] In the embodiments of the present application, the transmission power of the first reference signal is different from the transmission power of the second reference signal.

[0089] Optionally, the first reference signal is also used to estimate at least one of the following information: adjacent channel interference information, nonlinear distortion information of a receiver, and nonlinear distortion information generated by devices other than a power amplifier in a transmitter.

[0090] In some embodiments, the nonlinear characteristic information of the sending end changes slowly, and thus the receiving end does not need to acquire the nonlinear characteristic information in real time for data demodulation, but can perform data demodulation according to the previously measured nonlinear characteristic information, and thus the sending end can only send the first reference signal when sending the transmission signal. Alternatively, in some embodiments, when the transmission signal is transmitted in the linear region, only the first reference signal can also be sent.

[0091] In some embodiments, when the nonlinear characteristic information of the sending end changes quickly, the sending end can send the first reference signal and the second reference signal at the same time as sending the transmission signal. In some embodiments, when the channel characteristic information can be obtained based on the transmission signal, the sending end can also only send the second reference signal.

[0092] In the embodiments of the present application, the receiving end can determine the channel characteristic information and / or the nonlinear characteristic information of the transmission signal based on at least one of the first parameter signal and the second reference signal, and can then perform digital post-distortion processing on the transmission signal based on the channel characteristic information and / or the nonlinear characteristic information, remove the nonlinear distortion term in the received transmission signal, and compensate for the distortion of the received transmission signal, thereby effectively ensuring the consistency of the signal sent by the sending end and the signal received by the receiving end. The scheme of the present application enables the digital post-distortion technology to be applied at the receiving end, enables the power amplifier of the sending end to work at the saturation point, and achieves the maximum power amplifier efficiency, thereby achieving the energy-saving purpose of the sending end.

[0093] Optionally, the nonlinear characteristic information of the transmission signal is a nonlinear state of a power amplifier associated with the transmission signal.

[0094] In the embodiments of the present application, the nonlinear characteristic information of the transmission signal further includes at least one of the following: a model of a power amplifier associated with the transmission signal, a kernel function (series kernel) of the power amplifier associated with the transmission signal, a memory depth of the power amplifier associated with the transmission signal, an operating point of the power amplifier associated with the transmission signal when sending the transmission signal, and an average power of the power amplifier associated with the transmission signal when sending the transmission signal.

[0095] The nonlinear state of the power amplifier refers to that the power amplifier works in a nonlinear region, which can also be described as a saturation region.

[0096] It should be noted that the associated power amplifier can be an equivalent power amplifier, and the equivalent power amplifier means that the non-linear characteristic associated with the received transmission signal at the receiving end is not necessarily the non-linear state of a specific power amplifier, but can be the combined effect of the non-linear states of multiple power amplifiers, or can be the non-linear characteristic after some signal processing, such as digital pre-distortion, and is not entirely the real non-linear state of the power amplifier.

[0097] In the embodiment of the application, the receiving end can know whether the power amplifier of the sending end is working in a non-linear state based on the second reference signal, so as to determine whether the received signal contains a non-linear distortion term, and then select a suitable signal demodulation method to demodulate data.

[0098] Optionally, the first reference signal is transmitted when the power amplifier of the sending end is in a linear state.

[0099] The second reference signal is transmitted when the power amplifier of the sending end is in a non-linear state.

[0100] Since the signal transmitted in the linear region is mainly affected by the channel, the channel characteristic information can be estimated through the above-mentioned first reference signal first. The transmission signal is transmitted in the non-linear region, and the transmission signal is affected by the channel and the non-linear characteristic at the same time, and the second reference signal is also affected by the channel and the non-linear characteristic at the same time. Therefore, the non-linear characteristic information can be estimated based on the above-mentioned second reference signal on the basis of the channel characteristic information estimated based on the first reference signal.

[0101] For example, assuming that the signal transmitted in the non-linear region is denoted as x, the channel characteristic information is denoted as H, the non-linear characteristic information is denoted as G, and the interference term caused by other cells or various factors is denoted as R, the signal received by the receiving end y can be expressed as y=R*H*G*x.

[0102] When the reference signal x1 is transmitted in the linear region, the reference signal y1 received by the receiving end can be expressed as y1=R*H*x1. At this time, since x1 and y1 are known, R*H can be obtained.

[0103] At this time, based on the reference signal transmitted in the non-linear region, since x and y are known, the non-linear characteristic information G can be obtained, so as to realize digital post-distortion processing.

[0104] Optionally, the method of the embodiment of the application further comprises:

[0105] transmit first indication information, the first indication information being used for indicating a first difference value of a transmission power of the first reference signal and a transmission power of the second reference signal, or being used for indicating a second difference value of an Energy Per Resource Element (EPRE) corresponding to the first reference signal and an EPRE corresponding to the second reference signal, or being used for indicating a third difference value of a transmission bandwidth of the first reference signal and a transmission bandwidth of the second reference signal, or being used for indicating an absolute value of the transmission power of the first reference signal or an absolute value of the transmission power of the second reference signal, or being used for indicating an absolute value of the EPRE corresponding to the first reference signal or an absolute value of the EPRE corresponding to the second reference signal, or being used for indicating an absolute value of the transmission bandwidth of the first reference signal or an absolute value of the transmission bandwidth of the second reference signal.

[0106] In the embodiments of the present application, the content indicated by the first indication information can also be predefined by a protocol or configured by a network side device.

[0107] The first indication information can be carried by an RRC, a MAC CE, a PDCCH, a PUCCH or the like.

[0108] Here, by transmitting the first indication information, the receiving end can obtain the power related information of the first reference signal and the second reference signal, and then based on the power related information, the receiving end can determine the linear characteristic information corresponding to the first reference signal and / or the nonlinear characteristic information corresponding to the second reference signal.

[0109] Optionally, the first reference signal and the second reference signal are separated by K time units, K being an integer.

[0110] In the embodiments of the present application, K time units are set between the first reference signal and the second reference signal, that is, there is a separation symbol between the two reference signals, so as to facilitate the receiving end to perform Automatic Gain Control (AGC). The separation symbol can transmit a partial repetition or full repetition of the next transmitted reference signal or the previous transmitted reference signal, or no transmission is performed.

[0111] The time unit can include one or more of a symbol, a time slot, a radio subframe, a radio frame, a millisecond, a second.

[0112] Optionally, the first reference signal and the second reference signal satisfy at least one of the following:

[0113] The first item: the bandwidth of the first reference signal is smaller than the bandwidth of the second reference signal.

[0114] Here, the bandwidth of the first reference signal is smaller than the bandwidth of the second reference signal, which can make the transmission power of the first reference signal smaller and make it easier to be transmitted in the linear region of the PA under the same EPRE.

[0115] The difference between the bandwidth of the first reference signal and the bandwidth of the second reference signal can be indicated by the sending end, or predefined by the protocol or preconfigured by the network side. Alternatively, the difference between the bandwidths can be the difference between the single sideband widths. Alternatively, the center frequency of the first reference signal is the same as the center frequency of the second reference signal.

[0116] The second item: the time domain position corresponding to the first reference signal is different from the time domain position corresponding to the second reference signal.

[0117] For example, the symbol corresponding to the first reference signal is different from the symbol corresponding to the second reference signal.

[0118] The third item: the sequence corresponding to the first reference signal is different from the sequence corresponding to the second reference signal.

[0119] Specifically, the first reference signal and the second reference signal can correspond to different reference signal types.

[0120] Here, the first reference signal and the second reference signal correspond to different sequences, which can have different estimation performances, so that the settings of the first reference signal and the second reference signal are more flexible.

[0121] Alternatively, the first reference signal is a comb structure.

[0122] Here, by setting the first reference signal to be a comb structure, the transmission power of the first reference signal can be smaller, and it is easier to be transmitted in the linear region of the PA. For example, the first reference signal occupies L frequency domain units every N frequency domain units.

[0123] Alternatively, the reference signal is a constant envelope signal or a non-constant envelope signal.

[0124] In the embodiments of the present application, when the reference signal is a constant envelope signal, the nonlinear characteristic information of a certain transmission power point can be estimated. When the reference signal is a non-constant envelope signal, the nonlinear characteristic information of a certain range of transmission power can be estimated.

[0125] Alternatively, the sending reference signal comprises:

[0126] Periodically sending the reference signal;

[0127] Or, the reference signal is sent aperiodically;

[0128] Or, the reference signal is sent based on a semi-static transmission mode.

[0129] Alternatively, the reference signal is transmitted according to a trigger event.

[0130] In the embodiments of the present application, the transmission period of the reference signal is determined by the transmitting end or the receiving end. The reference signal can be triggered by the transmitting end or the receiving end.

[0131] For example, the transmitting end determines the transmission period according to the change characteristics of the nonlinear characteristics, the service type, etc. The receiving end determines the transmission period according to the mobility, the beam change, the decoding success rate, etc.

[0132] Optionally, the trigger event includes at least one of the following:

[0133] A1: The nonlinear characteristic validity timer of the transmitting end or the receiving end is invalid.

[0134] The nonlinear characteristic validity timer is used to determine whether the obtained nonlinear characteristics are valid, which can be understood as the validity time of the nonlinear information. After the validity time ends, the latest nonlinear characteristic information is estimated based on the new reference signal.

[0135] A2: The time when the transmitting end does not transmit the transmission signal is greater than a first threshold.

[0136] Here, in the case where the time when the transmitting end does not transmit the transmission signal is greater than the first threshold, the transmitting end is triggered to transmit the reference signal, so that the receiving end estimates the nonlinear characteristic information, to avoid that the receiving end uses the nonlinear characteristic information with large error after the nonlinear characteristic information changes greatly.

[0137] A3: The duration of the transmission signal transmitted by the transmitting end is greater than a second threshold.

[0138] Here, in the case where the duration of the transmission signal transmitted by the transmitting end is greater than the second threshold, the transmitting end is triggered to transmit the reference signal, so that the receiving end re-estimates the nonlinear characteristic information, to reduce the influence of the memory effect on the nonlinear characteristic information.

[0139] A4: The change value of the nonlinear state of the power amplifier PA is greater than a third threshold.

[0140] The nonlinear state can be temperature, memory effect, etc. When the temperature changes greatly, the nonlinear state of the PA is affected. When the memory depth changes, the nonlinear state of the PA is affected.

[0141] A5: The error rate, retransmission rate or transmission rate of the non-acknowledgement message NACK of the receiving end is greater than a fourth threshold, or the data transmission correctness rate, retransmission rate or transmission rate of the acknowledgement message of the receiving end is less than a fifth threshold.

[0142] Optionally, in the embodiments of the present application, the trigger event corresponding to A5 can also be that the offset value between the bit error rate, retransmission rate or non-acknowledgement message NACK transmission rate of the receiving end and the preset value is greater than the preset threshold, or the offset value between the data transmission accuracy, retransmission rate or acknowledgement message transmission rate of the receiving end and the preset value is greater than the preset threshold.

[0143] A6: The sending end needs to send a transmission signal.

[0144] The reference signal is sent before the transmission signal, so as to facilitate the receiving end to estimate the nonlinear characteristic information and receive the transmission signal.

[0145] A7: The sending end receives scheduling information of the transmission signal.

[0146] A8: The sending end occurs beam failure or beam recovery or beam switching or PA switching.

[0147] Since different beams correspond to different power amplifiers or different numbers of amplifiers, the reference signal is triggered to be sent in the case that the sending end occurs beam failure or beam recovery or beam switching, so as to facilitate the receiving end to re-estimate the nonlinear characteristic information.

[0148] If the power amplifier is switched, the nonlinear states corresponding to different power amplifiers can be different, and therefore, the receiving end needs to be informed of the new nonlinear characteristic information or the reference signal needs to be re-sent.

[0149] A9: The sending end occurs state switching.

[0150] For example, switching from an idle state to a connected state, or switching from an inactive state to a connected state, or switching from a connected state to an idle state or an inactive state.

[0151] A10: The sending end occurs cell switching.

[0152] In the case that the sending end occurs cell switching, the characteristics of the power amplifier can change, and therefore, the reference signal needs to be re-sent.

[0153] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0154] repeatedly sending the reference signal;

[0155] In the repeatedly sent reference signal, the reference signals at different resource positions correspond to different sending parameters, and the sending parameters include at least one of a beam, a transmission configuration indicator (TCI), a power amplifier and a power amplifier set (PA set).

[0156] Or, the transmission power of different reference signals corresponding to the same transmission parameter in the repeatedly transmitted reference signals is different.

[0157] The resource position includes at least one of a time domain resource position and a frequency domain resource position.

[0158] Optionally, the reference signals corresponding to different beams, TCIs, power amplifiers or power amplifier sets can be transmitted on the same time domain.

[0159] Optionally, the difference of the transmission power of different reference signals corresponding to the same transmission parameter can be determined by the transmitting end according to the characteristics of the power amplifier.

[0160] Optionally, the repeatedly transmitting the reference signal includes: repeatedly transmitting K times after the reference signal is triggered, K is a positive integer, K is predefined by a protocol, or is preconfigured or configured by a network side.

[0161] Optionally, the repeatedly transmitting the reference signal includes: repeatedly transmitting K times within one transmission period.

[0162] Optionally, the time domain interval of the repeatedly transmitted reference signal is J time domain units.

[0163] In the embodiments of the present application, by repeatedly transmitting the reference signal, the receiving end can assist in estimating the nonlinear characteristic information of the power amplifier at different operating points in the nonlinear region, and can also assist the receiving end in estimating the nonlinear characteristic information of different power amplifiers of the transmitting end.

[0164] Optionally, the transmitting reference signal includes:

[0165] Transmitting the reference signal on a first resource, the first resource being associated with the resource of the transmission signal;

[0166] Or, transmitting the reference signal on a second resource, the second resource being not associated with the resource of the transmission signal.

[0167] In the embodiments of the present application, the reference signal and the transmission signal can have an association relationship, for example, the reference signal and the transmission signal are connected in time domain, or the time domain interval is fixed, or the time domain interval is explicitly / implicitly indicated, or they can be transmitted on the same resource. For example, for a scenario in which the nonlinear feature transformation is fast, the reference signal and the transmission signal can be transmitted on the same resource, so that the receiving end obtains the nonlinear feature information corresponding to the transmission signal based on the reference signal. In the embodiments of the present application, the reference signal and the transmission signal can also be transmitted on unrelated resources, that is, the transmission of the reference signal and the transmission signal is independent of each other. For example, for a scenario in which the nonlinear feature transformation is slow, the reference signal can be periodically transmitted, and the transmission of the transmission signal is not considered, so that the receiving end periodically obtains the nonlinear feature information corresponding to the transmission end based on the reference signal.

[0168] In the embodiments of the present application, in the case of periodic transmission of the reference signal, the downlink reference signal can reuse the PSS, and the uplink reference signal can reuse the SRS.

[0169] In the case of transmission of the reference signal and the transmission signal on the same resource, the reference signal can reuse the DMRS.

[0170] Optionally, in the embodiments of the present application, the sequence of the reference signal is related to the ID of the terminal.

[0171] Optionally, the frequency domain range of the reference signal is greater than the frequency domain range of the transmission signal.

[0172] In the embodiments of the present application, the indication mode of the frequency domain range of the reference signal includes at least one of the following:

[0173] B1: indicated by the sending end;

[0174] For example, the base station informs the terminal of the frequency domain range of the reference signal through control information.

[0175] B2: indicated by the receiving end;

[0176] For example, the base station informs the terminal of the range in which the reference signal should be transmitted through scheduling information.

[0177] B3: directly indicates the frequency domain range of the reference signal through a bitmap.

[0178] For example, the bitmap indicates on which physical resource block (PRB) the reference signal is transmitted.

[0179] B4: indirectly indicates the frequency domain range of the reference signal through an offset value.

[0180] The offset value is used to indicate the offset value of the frequency domain range of the reference signal and the frequency domain range of the signal, for example, to indicate the offset value of the frequency domain range of the reference signal relative to the frequency domain highest point, the frequency domain center point or the frequency domain lowest point of the frequency domain range of the signal. The unit of the offset value is one or more subcarriers, PRBs, precoding resource block groups (PRGs), resource block groups (RBGs), resource block sets (RB sets), subbands.

[0181] Since the frequency domain range of the reference signal is greater than the frequency domain range of the transmission signal, the interference caused by the spectral expansion due to the nonlinear characteristics can be assisted to be estimated by the receiving end.

[0182] Optionally, the sending the reference signal comprises:

[0183] According to the first information, the pattern of the reference signal is determined.

[0184] According to the pattern of the reference signal, the reference signal is sent.

[0185] In the embodiments of the present application, the pattern of the reference signal can be whether to send the reference signal, and can also be to send the reference signal in what pattern. For example, the transmission type of the reference signal, or the time-frequency domain position.

[0186] In the embodiments of the present application, according to the pattern of the reference signal, it can be determined whether to periodically send the reference signal or non-periodically send the reference signal, or whether the reference signal and the transmission signal are transmitted on the same block of resources.

[0187] The first information comprises at least one of the following:

[0188] C1: Change of the nonlinear state of the power amplifier of the sending end.

[0189] Specifically, according to the speed or amplitude of the change of the nonlinear state of the power amplifier of the sending end, the pattern of the reference signal is determined. For example, when the change of the nonlinear state of the power amplifier of the sending end is fast, the reference signal and the transmission signal can be transmitted on the same block of resources or in one transmission, which can also be described as in-band transmission.

[0190] C2: Scheduling related information;

[0191] Optionally, the scheduling related information comprises at least one of the following:

[0192] The first item: Time domain position of scheduling transmission.

[0193] For example, when a change of non-linear characteristics occurs, and there is no reference signal for estimating non-linear characteristics in a period before scheduling transmission, a reference signal is sent along with the transmission.

[0194] Secondly, uplink power control information.

[0195] For example, if the uplink power indicated by the base station falls in the linear region, no reference signal is sent, and if it falls in the non-linear region, a reference signal is sent.

[0196] Thirdly, service type.

[0197] For example, a reference signal is sent only for a specific service type.

[0198] Fourthly, the number of symbols.

[0199] For example, a reference signal is sent along with the transmission only when the number of symbols is greater than a certain threshold.

[0200] Fifthly, bandwidth.

[0201] For example, a reference signal or a reference signal along with the transmission is sent only when the bandwidth is greater than a certain threshold.

[0202] Sixthly, modulation and coding scheme (MCS) or the adjustment method of MCS.

[0203] Seventhly, the error vector magnitude (EVM) or adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) indicated by scheduling information.

[0204] For example, a reference signal or a reference signal along with the transmission is sent only when the EVM requirement is less than a certain threshold. When the ACLR requirement is less than a certain threshold, no reference signal or reference signal along with the transmission is sent.

[0205] C3: Indication information for indicating the pattern of the reference signal.

[0206] C4: Type of transmission signal.

[0207] Optionally, no reference signal is sent when the transmission signal is the following target signal. The target signal includes at least one of the following:

[0208] SRS, PUCCH format 0, PUCCH format 2, SSB, and TRS.

[0209] It can be understood that when the number of transmitted signal symbols is small, it is not suitable to additionally transmit the reference signal at the same time, because this will reduce the transmission efficiency. Therefore, when transmitting the target signal, the transmitting end can consider transmitting in the linear region or transmitting an independent reference signal.

[0210] C5: Vector Amplitude Error EVM / Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio ACLR requirement.

[0211] For example, when the EVM requirement is less than a certain threshold, the reference signal or the reference signal along the way is transmitted. At this time, the nonlinear characteristic information needs to be compensated for the nonlinear distortion of the transmission signal, thereby reducing the EVM. Or when the ACLR requirement is less than a certain threshold, the reference signal or the reference signal along the way is not transmitted. When the ACLR requirement is high, it is not suitable for the transmitting end to perform transmission in the nonlinear region, so there is no need to transmit the reference signal to estimate the nonlinear characteristic information.

[0212] The signal processing method of the present application will be described below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0213] Embodiment one:

[0214] In some embodiments, the nonlinear characteristic information of the transmitting end changes slowly, so the receiving end does not need to obtain the nonlinear characteristic information in real time for data demodulation, but can perform data demodulation according to the previously measured nonlinear characteristic information. As shown in FIG. 4, the flow of the embodiment of the present application includes:

[0215] Step 1: The transmitting end transmits the reference signal.

[0216] The transmitting end can periodically transmit the reference signal, or transmit the reference signal in a semi-static manner, or non-periodically transmit the reference signal.

[0217] Step 2: The receiving end estimates the nonlinear characteristic information of the transmitting end based on the reference signal transmitted by the transmitting end.

[0218] Step 3: The receiving end adjusts the PA model and other related receiving parameters used for data demodulation based on the estimated nonlinear characteristic information.

[0219] Step 4: The transmitting end transmits the transmission signal.

[0220] Step 5: The receiving end determines whether the transmission signal is transmitted in the nonlinear region, and if it is transmitted in the nonlinear region, demodulates the received signal based on the adjusted receiving parameters.

[0221] It should be noted that the steps of the above process can be arbitrarily changed or canceled. For example, the receiving end adjusts its own receiving parameters only when it determines that the transmission is in the nonlinear region, and for another example, the receiving end does not need to determine whether the transmission is in the nonlinear region, or after receiving the reference signal, it is considered that the data transmission received in the next period of time is in the nonlinear region.

[0222] In some other embodiments, the nonlinear parameter of the sending end changes rapidly, or the sending end does not send the reference signal independent of the data, so that in order for the receiving end to remove the nonlinear characteristics of the transmission signal, the sending end sends the reference signal together with the data signal, as shown in FIG. 5, and the process includes:

[0223] Step 1: The sending end sends the reference signal and the transmission signal at the same time;

[0224] Step 2: The receiving end determines whether the reference signal and the transmission signal are transmitted in the nonlinear region;

[0225] Step 3: Based on the reference signal, the nonlinear characteristic information is estimated, and then the PA model and other related receiving parameters used for data demodulation are adjusted, whether the reference signal and the transmission signal are transmitted in the nonlinear region or not;

[0226] Step 4: The receiving end demodulates the data based on the nonlinear characteristic information or the adjusted receiving parameters;

[0227] It should be noted that the steps of the above process can be arbitrarily changed or canceled.

[0228] Embodiment two:

[0229] In some embodiments, the sending end sends the transmission signal together with the reference signal when sending the transmission information, thereby solving the problem of data demodulation requiring channel estimation and nonlinear characteristic estimation, and making the power amplifier efficiency of the sending end gain.

[0230] A possible implementation is:

[0231] The sending end sends the reference signal including the first reference signal and the second reference signal when sending the transmission. The first reference signal is used for the receiving end to estimate the channel characteristic information, and the second reference signal is used for the receiving end to estimate the nonlinear characteristic information of the power amplifier, or it is considered that the reference signal only contains the first reference signal, and the second reference signal can reuse the existing DMRS embedded in the transmission signal, as shown in FIG. 6. The design of the reference signal meets at least one of the following:

[0232] (1) The first reference signal is sent when the PA works in the linear region, or does not work in the saturation region;

[0233] (2) The first reference signal is located in the first symbol and / or the last symbol of the PUSCH.

[0234] (3) The first symbol after the reference signal is a repetition of the first symbol where the transmission signal is located, and the symbol of the repetition is used for AGC processing at the receiving end.

[0235] (4) The symbol where the reference signal is located has no data mapping.

[0236] (5) The second reference signal is located in the symbol where the transmission signal is located.

[0237] When the second reference signal is used to estimate the impact on the transmission signal during the communication, the second reference signal can reuse the existing DMRS design, for example, reuse the transmission pattern of the PUSCH DMRS in uplink transmission.

[0238] (6) The PA of the transmitting end works in the saturation region / saturation point / 1 dB compression point when transmitting the second reference signal.

[0239] When the second reference signal is subjected to the same impact as the transmission signal during the transmission, since the transmission information of the second reference signal is known, the non-linear distortion impact (mainly related to the power amplifier) on the transmission signal can be obtained by removing the channel characteristic information estimated by the first reference signal and / or some other signal distortion information, so as to perform digital post-distortion and restore the signal.

[0240] It should be noted that the gap shown in FIG. 6 can exist, and when it exists, it can be some time-domain units that are not transmitted, for example, 1 symbol, or a repetition of the previous time-domain unit or the next time-domain unit. The gap shown in FIG. 6 can also be non-existent, that is, the reference signal and the transmission signal are adjacent in time domain.

[0241] Embodiment three:

[0242] In some embodiments, the transmitting end periodically, or semi-statically, or aperiodically, or triggered by the transmitting end or the receiving end, transmits the reference signal, so that the receiving end can estimate the non-linear state information of the PA of the transmitting end, thereby solving the problem of data demodulation requiring channel estimation and non-linear characteristic estimation, and making the power amplifier efficiency of the transmitting end obtain a gain.

[0243] One possible implementation is that the reference signal is independently transmitted. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, the independently transmitted reference signal can be periodically transmitted by the base station allocating periodic reference signal transmission resources to the terminal, or triggered by the base station or the terminal to transmit semi-static reference signals, or triggered by the base station or the terminal to transmit reference signals on demand. Here, on demand triggering means triggering the transmission of the reference signal based on a triggering event.

[0244] Optionally, the terminal requests the base station to allocate the transmission resources of the reference signal through SR / BSR;

[0245] Optionally, the base station indicates the transmission resources of the reference signal through PDCCH;

[0246] Optionally, the base station sends second indication information when scheduling uplink / downlink transmission, indicating the terminal to send the reference signal, or indicating the terminal to send the reference signal at which resource position.

[0247] Optionally, the reference signal includes a first reference signal and a second reference signal, the power of the first reference signal is lower than a first preset value, and the power of the second reference signal is higher than a second preset value.

[0248] Optionally, the first reference signal occupies K1 symbols, and the second reference signal occupies K2 symbols, for example, K1=K2=1. For example, the terminal sends two SRS signals, the first SRS signal as the first reference signal, and the second SRS signal as the second reference signal.

[0249] Optionally, the first reference signal and the second reference signal are adjacent in time domain.

[0250] Optionally, there is a gap between the first reference signal and the second reference signal for the receiving end to perform AGC adjustment. The gap can be no transmission, or repetition of the first reference signal, or repetition of the second reference signal.

[0251] Another possible implementation is that the transmission of the reference signal is associated with other uplink transmission:

[0252] When some uplink transmission is sent in the linear region of the PA, the reference signal can be placed at the end of the uplink scheduling for transmission, and sent in the nonlinear region of the PA. The channel estimation that will be done by these uplink transmissions can be used to estimate the nonlinear characteristics of the PA based on the reference signal, which does not affect other uplink transmissions and does not require additional scheduling by the base station, saving signaling overhead.

[0253] Optionally, the reference signal occupies the last symbol of the uplink scheduling.

[0254] Optionally, repetition is performed on the reference signal for AGC.

[0255] Optionally, repetition is performed on the last symbol of the uplink transmission for AGC.

[0256] Optionally, the base station sends second indication information when scheduling the uplink transmission, indicating that the terminal transmits the reference signal at the same time, or indicating the time domain position (symbol) at which the terminal transmits the reference signal, or indicating the offset time-frequency domain position of the uplink transmission at which the terminal transmits the reference signal.

[0257] Optionally, the terminal sends second indication information when performing uplink transmission, indicating that the terminal has transmitted the reference signal at the same time, or indicating the time domain position (symbol) at which the terminal has transmitted the reference signal.

[0258] Embodiment Four:

[0259] In some embodiments, when the transmitting end performs repetition transmission, or Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ)-acknowledgement (ACK) retransmission, or transmission of information known to the receiving end such as independent transmission of reference signals, etc., non-linear feature estimation based on the known information can be considered without the need for additional transmission of reference signals.

[0260] In some embodiments, when performing transmission of information known to the receiving end, transmission of the second reference signal that is time domain multiplexed with the transmission signal can be considered, and only the first reference signal for channel estimation is transmitted.

[0261] In some embodiments, if the channel condition changes slowly, the first reference signal for channel estimation can be considered not to be transmitted, and the receiving end can utilize the previously obtained channel estimation characteristics.

[0262] In some embodiments, the periodically transmitted reference signal, such as SSB, is additionally transmitted at certain predefined or preconfigured periodic positions. For example, the SSB position at which the reference signal is additionally transmitted is for the first time that a UE detects the SSB, and subsequently, since the PSS and SSS sequences of the SSB are known, the terminal can obtain channel feature information and / or non-linear features through the known sequences. In some embodiments, the PSS or SSS is transmitted in the linear region, and the PBCH is transmitted in the non-linear region.

[0263] In some embodiments, the signal memory feature of the transmitting end is not significant, and the receiving end can utilize the reference signal to estimate the signal feature and the non-linear feature at the same time, and then utilize the receiving end algorithm to recover the data. At this time, the transmitting end needs to inform the receiving end in advance, or the receiving end can make a judgment through the pattern of the reference signal.

[0264] In some sub-embodiments, the transmitter informs the receiver in advance of the reference signal pattern, or indicates which part of the reference signal is transmitted or whether the relevant reference signal is transmitted.

[0265] Embodiment five:

[0266] Whether the PA is located in the linear region determines whether the transmitted signal has nonlinear distortion, and whether the signal has distortion also affects the data demodulation at the receiver. This means that if the receiver wants to correctly demodulate the data, it needs to know whether the signal has distortion, which is equivalent to knowing whether the PA is located in the linear region for transmission or in the nonlinear region for transmission. As shown in FIG. 8. Therefore, the receiver needs to determine whether the received signal has nonlinear characteristics before decoding the data, i.e., whether the received signal is transmitted by the transmitter in the nonlinear region of the PA.

[0267] One possible implementation is that the transmitter indicates to the receiver in advance whether the transmission is in the nonlinear region.

[0268] When the transmitter (e.g., a base station) transmits control information (e.g., PDCCH), it can indicate whether the data channel is transmitted in the nonlinear region, or implicitly indicate whether the data channel is transmitted in the nonlinear region by indicating the associated reference signal pattern.

[0269] The associated reference signal pattern can be the reference signal pattern carried by the data channel when it is transmitted, such as whether there are two reference signals with different powers, the position of the reference signal, etc.

[0270] The associated reference signal pattern can also be whether the control information indicates that the transmitter transmits an additional reference signal before transmitting the data.

[0271] Obviously, the receiver can determine in advance whether the transmitter transmits in the nonlinear region, so as to select the appropriate signal demodulation method to demodulate the data.

[0272] Another possible implementation is that the receiver schedules whether the transmitter transmits in the nonlinear region.

[0273] Since the uplink transmission of the terminal is scheduled by the base station, the base station can directly indicate whether the terminal transmits in the nonlinear region or the linear region.

[0274] At this time, there are two possibilities:

[0275] In some embodiments, the base station knows the PA characteristics of the terminal, such as the power demarcation point between the linear region and the nonlinear region, so it can control the uplink transmission power of the terminal within the linear region or the nonlinear region through uplink power control.

[0276] In some embodiments, the base station does not know the PA characteristics of the terminal, and only instructs the terminal to perform transmission in the nonlinear region or the linear region, or whether the terminal is allowed to transmit in the nonlinear region.

[0277] Another possible implementation is that the receiving end detects whether the sending end transmits in the nonlinear region.

[0278] The receiving end can determine whether the sending end transmits in the nonlinear region by detection. One possible method is that the receiving end detects that the power on certain or some symbols is lower than that on other symbols, and then considers that the sending end transmits in the nonlinear region. Because the transmission carries a reference signal with lower power at this time, the channel is estimated alone to perform correct data demodulation.

[0279] The scheme of the embodiments of the present application can obtain the working state of the PA of the sending end and the corresponding nonlinear characteristics by the reference signal, so as to remove the nonlinear interference of the received signal and realize correct decoding. This scheme makes the digital post-distortion technology applicable to the receiving end, thereby achieving the energy-saving purpose of the sending end.

[0280] As shown in FIG. 9, the embodiments of the present application further provide a signal processing method, which is executed by a receiving end, and the method comprises:

[0281] Step 901: receiving a reference signal, the reference signal being used to assist the receiving end to estimate the transmission characteristic information of a received transmission signal.

[0282] In the embodiments of the present application, the sending end is a terminal or a network side device, and the network side device can be a base station.

[0283] In this step, the sending end sends the reference signal to the receiving end, so as to assist the receiving end to estimate the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal sent by the sending end based on the reference signal.

[0284] The receiving end can be a terminal or a network side device. For example, the above sending end is a terminal, and the receiving end is a terminal; or the sending end is a terminal, and the receiving end is a base station; or the sending end is a base station, and the receiving end is a terminal.

[0285] Step 902: performing receiving processing on the transmission signal according to the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal.

[0286] The receiving processing herein includes selecting a suitable signal demodulation method to demodulate the transmission signal.

[0287] Optionally, the transmission signal comprises at least one of a reference signal, a data signal and a control signal.

[0288] Optionally, the reference signal comprises at least one of:

[0289] Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS);

[0290] Sounding Reference Signal (SRS);

[0291] Synchronization Signal and PBCH block (SSB);

[0292] Primary Synchronisation Signal (PSS);

[0293] Secondary Synchronisation Signal (SSS);

[0294] Tracking Reference Signal (TRS);

[0295] Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS);

[0296] CSI Reference Signal (CSI-RS).

[0297] In the embodiments of the present application, a reference signal is received, the reference signal being used to assist a receiving end to estimate transmission characteristic information of a received transmission signal; and the transmission signal is received and processed according to the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal, so as to compensate for distortion of the received transmission signal, thereby effectively ensuring consistency between a signal transmitted by a sending end and a signal received by the receiving end.

[0298] Optionally, the receiving and processing of the transmission signal according to the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal comprises:

[0299] In a case where it is determined according to the second information that the transmission signal is transmitted in a nonlinear state of a power amplifier, the transmission signal is received and processed according to the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal;

[0300] The second information comprises at least one of the following:

[0301] The first item: control information of the received signal, the control information being used to indicate whether the transmission signal is transmitted in the nonlinear state.

[0302] The second item is a pattern of the reference signal, which is related to whether the transmission signal is in the nonlinear state.

[0303] Optionally, the pattern of the reference signal is determined according to at least one of the following:

[0304] (1) The pattern of the reference signal indicates information.

[0305] For example, the pattern indication information is control information, by which the pattern of the reference signal is indicated.

[0306] (2) Power information of the symbol.

[0307] For example, the pattern of the reference signal is determined by judging whether a symbol with lower power is received.

[0308] (3) Sequence detection information.

[0309] Optionally, a sequence is detected in the A-th symbol, and it is judged whether it is a reference signal. If it is a reference signal, it is considered that the transmission end transmits in the linear region or in the nonlinear state.

[0310] The third item is uplink transmission scheduling information, which includes whether the transmission signal is transmitted in the nonlinear state.

[0311] The fourth item is power information of the transmission signal.

[0312] The power information of the transmission signal includes at least one of the following:

[0313] Whether there is different received power in the received signal range;

[0314] Information whether the received power is greater than a preset threshold.

[0315] The fifth item is repetition transmission information of the transmission signal.

[0316] The receiving end determines according to whether the repetition transmission of the target symbol is received, that is, according to whether AGC exists, the target symbol can be the first symbol or the last symbol of the transmission signal.

[0317] In the embodiment of the application, the receiving end determines whether the transmission signal is transmitted in the nonlinear state of the power amplifier based on the second information.

[0318] Optionally, the reference signal includes at least one of the following:

[0319] The first reference signal;

[0320] The second reference signal;

[0321] The first reference signal is used to assist the receiving end to estimate channel characteristic information of the transmission signal.

[0322] The second reference signal is used to assist the receiving end to estimate nonlinear characteristic information of the transmission signal.

[0323] Optionally, the nonlinear characteristic information is a nonlinear state of a power amplifier associated with the transmission signal.

[0324] Optionally, the first reference signal is transmitted in a case where the power amplifier is in a linear state.

[0325] The second reference signal is transmitted in a case where the power amplifier is in a nonlinear state.

[0326] Optionally, the method of the embodiment of the application further comprises:

[0327] obtaining first indication information, the first indication information being used to indicate a first difference value between a transmission power of the first reference signal and a transmission power of the second reference signal, or being used to indicate a second difference value between an EPRE corresponding to the first reference signal and an EPRE corresponding to the second reference signal, or being used to indicate a third difference value between a transmission bandwidth of the first reference signal and a transmission bandwidth of the second reference signal, or being used to indicate an absolute value of the transmission power of the first reference signal or an absolute value of the transmission power of the second reference signal, or being used to indicate an absolute value of the EPRE corresponding to the first reference signal or an absolute value of the EPRE corresponding to the second reference signal, or being used to indicate an absolute value of the transmission bandwidth of the first reference signal or an absolute value of the transmission bandwidth of the second reference signal.

[0328] Optionally, the first reference signal and the second reference signal are spaced apart by K time units, K being an integer.

[0329] Optionally, the first reference signal and the second reference signal satisfy at least one of the following:

[0330] The bandwidth of the first reference signal is smaller than the bandwidth of the second reference signal.

[0331] The time domain position corresponding to the first reference signal is different from the time domain position corresponding to the second reference signal.

[0332] The sequence corresponding to the first reference signal is different from the sequence corresponding to the second reference signal.

[0333] Optionally, the first reference signal is a comb structure.

[0334] Optionally, the reference signal is a constant envelope signal or a non-constant envelope signal.

[0335] Optionally, the receiving the reference signal comprises:

[0336] periodically receiving the reference signal;

[0337] or, aperiodically receiving the reference signal;

[0338] or, receiving the reference signal based on a semi-static transmission mode;

[0339] or, receiving the reference signal according to a trigger event.

[0340] Optionally, the trigger event comprises at least one of:

[0341] a non-linear characteristic effective timer of the transmitting end or the receiving end is invalid;

[0342] a time during which the transmitting end does not transmit a transmission signal is greater than a first threshold value;

[0343] a duration during which the transmitting end transmits the transmission signal is greater than a second threshold value;

[0344] a change value of a non-linear state of a power amplifier (PA) is greater than a third threshold value;

[0345] an error code rate, a retransmission rate, or a transmission rate of a non-acknowledgement (NACK) message of the receiving end is greater than a fourth threshold value, or a data transmission correctness rate, a retransmission rate, or a transmission rate of an acknowledgement message of the receiving end is less than a fifth threshold value;

[0346] the transmitting end needs to transmit the transmission signal;

[0347] the transmitting end receives scheduling information of transmitting the transmission signal;

[0348] the transmitting end occurs beam failure, beam recovery, beam switching, or power amplifier switching;

[0349] the transmitting end occurs state switching;

[0350] the transmitting end occurs cell switching.

[0351] It should be noted that the above reference signal has been described in detail in the method embodiment of the transmitting end, and will not be described here. And the interaction process between the transmitting end and the receiving end has been described in detail in the method embodiment of the transmitting end, and will not be described here.

[0352] In the embodiments of the present application, a reference signal is received, the reference signal being used to assist a receiving end to estimate transmission characteristic information of a received transmission signal; and the transmission signal is received and processed according to the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal, so as to reduce distortion of the received transmission signal, thereby effectively ensuring consistency between a signal transmitted by a sending end and a signal received by the receiving end.

[0353] The signal transmission method provided in the embodiments of the present application can be executed by a signal transmission device. The signal transmission device provided in the embodiments of the present application is described by taking the signal transmission device as an example.

[0354] The signal processing method provided in the embodiments of the present application can be executed by a signal processing device. The signal processing device provided in the embodiments of the present application is described by taking the signal processing device as an example.

[0355] The signal transmission device or the signal processing device provided in the embodiments of the present application can be a communication device or a component in the communication device, for example, a chip. The communication device can be a terminal, a network side device or a server, etc. For example, the terminal can include, but is not limited to, the types of the terminal 11 listed above, the network side device can include, but is not limited to, the types of the network side device 12 listed above, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited in this regard.

[0356] The signal transmission device or the signal processing device includes a receiving module, a sending module and a processing module. The receiving module, the sending module and the processing module can be implemented by software or hardware. When implemented by hardware, the processing module can be implemented by a processor, for example, the processor can include a general processor, a special purpose processor, etc., for example, the processor includes a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an artificial intelligent (AI) processor, a graphics processing unit (GPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a network processor (NP), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, a gate circuit, a transistor, a discrete hardware component, etc. The receiving module and the sending module can be implemented by a communication interface, and the communication interface can include one or more of a transceiver, a pin, a circuit, a bus, a radio frequency unit, etc.

[0357] Specifically, referring to FIG. 10, when the signal transmission device is a terminal or a component in the terminal, or a network side device or a component in the network side device, the signal transmission device 1000 includes: as shown in FIG. 10, the embodiment of the present application further provides a signal transmission device, including:

[0358] A first sending module 1001 is configured to send a reference signal, wherein the reference signal is used to estimate transmission characteristic information of a transmission signal.

[0359] Optionally, the reference signal includes at least one of the following:

[0360] A first reference signal;

[0361] A second reference signal;

[0362] The first reference signal is used to estimate channel characteristic information of the transmission signal.

[0363] The second reference signal is used to estimate nonlinear characteristic information of the transmission signal.

[0364] Optionally, the nonlinear characteristic information of the transmission signal is a nonlinear state of a power amplifier associated with the transmission signal.

[0365] Optionally, the first reference signal is sent in a case where a power amplifier at the sending end is in a linear state.

[0366] The second reference signal is sent in a case where the power amplifier at the sending end is in a nonlinear state.

[0367] Optionally, the device of the embodiment of the present application further includes:

[0368] A second sending module is configured to send first indication information, wherein the first indication information is used to indicate a first difference value between a sending power of the first reference signal and a sending power of the second reference signal, or is used to indicate a second difference value between an EPRE corresponding to each resource element of the first reference signal and an EPRE corresponding to the second reference signal, or is used to indicate a third difference value between a sending bandwidth of the first reference signal and a sending bandwidth of the second reference signal, or is used to indicate an absolute value of the sending power of the first reference signal or an absolute value of the sending power of the second reference signal, or is used to indicate an absolute value of the EPRE corresponding to the first reference signal or an absolute value of the EPRE corresponding to the second reference signal, or is used to indicate an absolute value of the sending bandwidth of the first reference signal or an absolute value of the sending bandwidth of the second reference signal.

[0369] Optionally, the first reference signal and the second reference signal are separated by K time units, K being an integer.

[0370] Optionally, the first reference signal and the second reference signal satisfy at least one of the following:

[0371] The bandwidth of the first reference signal is smaller than the bandwidth of the second reference signal.

[0372] The time domain position corresponding to the first reference signal is different from the time domain position corresponding to the second reference signal.

[0373] The sequence corresponding to the first reference signal is different from the sequence corresponding to the second reference signal.

[0374] Optionally, the first reference signal is a comb structure.

[0375] Optionally, the reference signal is a constant envelope signal or a non-constant envelope signal.

[0376] Optionally, the first sending module is configured to:

[0377] periodically send the reference signal;

[0378] or, aperiodically send the reference signal;

[0379] or, send the reference signal based on a semi-static sending mode;

[0380] or, send the reference signal according to a trigger event.

[0381] Optionally, the trigger event includes at least one of the following:

[0382] a non-linear characteristic effective timer of a sending end or a receiving end is invalid;

[0383] the sending end does not send a transmission signal for a time greater than a first threshold value;

[0384] the sending end sends a transmission signal for a duration greater than a second threshold value;

[0385] a change value of a non-linear state of a power amplifier PA is greater than a third threshold value;

[0386] an error code rate, a retransmission rate, or a transmission rate of a non-acknowledgement message NACK of the receiving end is greater than a fourth threshold value, or a data transmission correctness rate, a retransmission rate, or a transmission rate of an acknowledgement message of the receiving end is less than a fifth threshold value;

[0387] the sending end needs to send a transmission signal;

[0388] the sending end receives scheduling information for sending a transmission signal;

[0389] a beam failure or a beam recovery or a beam switch or a power amplifier switch occurs at the sending end;

[0390] a state switch occurs at the sending end;

[0391] a cell switch occurs at the sending end.

[0392] Optionally, the apparatus further comprises:

[0393] a third sending module configured to repeatedly send the reference signal;

[0394] wherein in the repeatedly sent reference signal, reference signals at different resource locations correspond to different sending parameters, and the sending parameters comprise at least one of a beam, a transmission configuration indication (TCI), a power amplifier, and a power amplifier set;

[0395] or, in the repeatedly sent reference signal, different reference signals corresponding to a same sending parameter have different sending powers.

[0396] Optionally, the first sending module is configured to send the reference signal on a first resource, and the first resource is associated with a resource of a transmission signal.

[0397] or, send the reference signal on a second resource, and the second resource is not associated with a resource of the transmission signal.

[0398] Optionally, a frequency domain range of the reference signal is greater than a frequency domain range of the transmission signal.

[0399] Optionally, the first sending module is configured to:

[0400] determine a pattern of a reference signal according to first information;

[0401] send the reference signal according to the pattern of the reference signal;

[0402] wherein the first information comprises at least one of:

[0403] a change in a nonlinear state of a power amplifier of the sending end;

[0404] scheduling related information;

[0405] second indication information, the second indication information being used to indicate the pattern of the reference signal;

[0406] a type of the transmission signal;

[0407] a vector magnitude error (EVM) or an adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) requirement.

[0408] Optionally, the scheduling related information comprises at least one of:

[0409] a time domain location of a transmission;

[0410] uplink power control information;

[0411] a service type;

[0412] a number of symbols;

[0413] a bandwidth;

[0414] a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) or a manner of adjusting the MCS;

[0415] a vector magnitude error (EVM) / adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) indicated by the scheduling information.

[0416] Optionally, the reference signal comprises at least one of:

[0417] a demodulation reference signal (DMRS);

[0418] a sounding reference signal (SRS);

[0419] a synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel signal block (SSB);

[0420] a primary synchronization signal (PSS);

[0421] a secondary synchronization signal (SSS);

[0422] a tracking reference signal (TRS);

[0423] a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS);

[0424] a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS).

[0425] Referring to FIG. 11, when the information processing apparatus is a terminal or a component in the terminal, or a network side device or a component in the network side device, the information processing apparatus 1100 comprises: a first receiving module 1101 configured to receive a reference signal, the reference signal being used to assist a receiving end to estimate transmission characteristic information of a received transmission signal;

[0426] a processing module 1102 configured to perform receiving processing on the transmission signal according to the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal.

[0427] Optionally, the processing module is configured to:

[0428] perform receiving processing on the transmission signal according to the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal in a case where it is determined according to second information that the transmission signal is transmitted in a nonlinear state of a power amplifier;

[0429] wherein the second information comprises at least one of:

[0430] control information of the received signal, the control information being used to indicate whether the transmission signal is transmitted in the nonlinear state;

[0431] a pattern of a reference signal, the pattern of the reference signal being related to whether the transmission signal is transmitted in the nonlinear state;

[0432] uplink transmission scheduling information, the uplink transmission scheduling information including whether the transmission signal is transmitted in the nonlinear state;

[0433] power information of the transmission signal.

[0434] repetition transmission information of the transmission signal.

[0435] Optionally, the reference signal includes at least one of:

[0436] a first reference signal;

[0437] a second reference signal;

[0438] wherein the first reference signal is used to assist the receiving end to estimate channel characteristic information of the transmission signal;

[0439] the second reference signal is used to assist the receiving end to estimate nonlinear characteristic information of the transmission signal.

[0440] Optionally, the nonlinear characteristic information is a nonlinear state of a power amplifier associated with the transmission signal.

[0441] Optionally, the first reference signal is transmitted in a case where the power amplifier is in a linear state;

[0442] the second reference signal is transmitted in a case where the power amplifier is in a nonlinear state.

[0443] Optionally, the apparatus of the embodiment of the present application further includes:

[0444] The second receiving module is configured to acquire first indication information, wherein the first indication information is used to indicate a first difference between a transmission power of the first reference signal and a transmission power of the second reference signal, or is used to indicate a second difference between an EPRE corresponding to the first reference signal and an EPRE corresponding to the second reference signal, or is used to indicate a third difference between a transmission bandwidth of the first reference signal and a transmission bandwidth of the second reference signal, or is used to indicate an absolute value of the transmission power of the first reference signal or an absolute value of the transmission power of the second reference signal, or is used to indicate an absolute value of the EPRE corresponding to the first reference signal or an absolute value of the EPRE corresponding to the second reference signal, or is used to indicate an absolute value of the transmission bandwidth of the first reference signal or an absolute value of the transmission bandwidth of the second reference signal.

[0445] Optionally, the first reference signal and the second reference signal are spaced by K time units, and K is an integer.

[0446] Optionally, the first reference signal and the second reference signal satisfy at least one of the following conditions:

[0447] The bandwidth of the first reference signal is smaller than the bandwidth of the second reference signal.

[0448] The time domain position corresponding to the first reference signal is different from the time domain position corresponding to the second reference signal.

[0449] The sequence corresponding to the first reference signal is different from the sequence corresponding to the second reference signal.

[0450] Optionally, the first reference signal is a comb structure.

[0451] Optionally, the reference signal is a constant envelope signal or a non-constant envelope signal.

[0452] Optionally, the first receiving module is configured to:

[0453] periodically receive the reference signal;

[0454] or, aperiodically receive the reference signal;

[0455] or, receive the reference signal based on a semi-static transmission mode;

[0456] or, receive the reference signal according to a trigger event.

[0457] Optionally, the trigger event includes at least one of the following:

[0458] a non-linear characteristic effective timer of a transmitting end or a receiving end is invalid;

[0459] the time when the sending end does not send the transmission signal is greater than a first threshold value;

[0460] the duration when the sending end sends the transmission signal is greater than a second threshold value;

[0461] the change value of the nonlinear state of the power amplifier PA is greater than a third threshold value;

[0462] the bit error rate, the retransmission rate or the transmission rate of the non-acknowledgement message NACK of the receiving end is greater than a fourth threshold value, or the data transmission accuracy rate, the retransmission rate or the transmission rate of the acknowledgement message of the receiving end is less than a fifth threshold value;

[0463] the sending end needs to send the transmission signal;

[0464] the sending end receives scheduling information of sending the transmission signal;

[0465] the sending end occurs beam failure or beam recovery or beam switching or power amplifier switching;

[0466] the sending end occurs state switching;

[0467] the sending end occurs cell switching.

[0468] In the embodiments of the present application, the sending end sends a reference signal, and the reference signal is used to estimate transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal, so that the receiving end can estimate the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal according to the reference signal, and facilitate the receiving end to subsequently perform corresponding receiving processing on the transmission signal based on the transmission characteristic information, so as to reduce the distortion of the received transmission signal, thereby effectively ensuring the consistency of the signal sent by the sending end and the signal received by the receiving end.

[0469] The signal transmission device provided by the embodiments of the present application can implement each process of the method embodiments of FIGS. 3 to 8 and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0470] The signal processing device provided by the embodiments of the present application can implement each process of the method embodiments of FIG. 9 and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0471] As shown in FIG. 12, the embodiments of the present application further provide a communication device 1200, which includes a processor 1201 and a memory 1202, and the memory 1202 stores programs or instructions executable on the processor 1201. For example, when the communication device 1200 is a terminal or a network side device, the programs or instructions are executed by the processor 1201 to implement each step of the above signal transmission method or signal processing method embodiments and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0472] The embodiment of the present application further provides a terminal comprising a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled with the processor, and the processor is configured to run programs or instructions to implement the steps in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 9. The terminal embodiment corresponds to the above-mentioned sending end side method embodiment, and each implementation process and implementation manner of the above-mentioned method embodiment can be applied to the terminal embodiment, and the same technical effects can be achieved. The terminal can be the signal transmission apparatus shown in FIG. 10 or the signal processing apparatus shown in FIG. 11. Specifically, FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal for implementing the embodiment of the present application.

[0473] The terminal 1300 includes, but is not limited to, at least part of components such as a radio frequency unit 1301, a network module 1302, an audio output unit 1303, an input unit 1304, a sensor 1305, a display unit 1306, a user input unit 1307, an interface unit 1308, a memory 1309, and a processor 1310.

[0474] Those skilled in the art can understand that the terminal 1300 can further include a power supply (such as a battery) for supplying power to each component, and the power supply can be logically connected with the processor 1310 through a power management system, so as to realize functions such as management of charging, discharging, and power consumption management through the power management system. The terminal structure shown in FIG. 13 does not constitute a limitation on the terminal, and the terminal can include more or fewer components than those shown, or combine certain components, or different component arrangements, which will not be described here.

[0475] It should be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the input unit 1304 can include a graphics processor 13041 and a microphone 13042, and the graphics processor 13041 processes image data of a still picture or a video obtained by an image capture device (such as a camera) in a video capture mode or an image capture mode. The display unit 1306 can include a display panel 13061, which can be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light emitting diode, etc. The user input unit 1307 includes at least one of a touch panel 13071 and other input devices 13072. The touch panel 13071 is also called a touch screen. The touch panel 13071 can include two parts of a touch detection device and a touch controller. The other input devices 13072 can include, but are not limited to, a physical keyboard, function keys (such as volume control keys, on-off keys, etc.), a trackball, a mouse, a joystick, etc., which will not be described here.

[0476] In the embodiments of the present application, the radio frequency unit 1301 can transmit the downlink data received from the network side device to the processor 1310 for processing. In addition, the radio frequency unit 1301 can send uplink data to the network side device. Generally, the radio frequency unit 1301 includes but is not limited to an antenna, an amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a low noise amplifier, a duplexer, etc.

[0477] The memory 1309 can be used to store software programs or instructions and various data. The memory 1309 can mainly include a first storage area for storing programs or instructions and a second storage area for storing data, wherein the first storage area can store an operating system, application programs or instructions required by at least one function (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.). In addition, the memory 1309 can include a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) or a flash memory. The volatile memory can be a random access memory (RAM), a static random access memory (SRAM), a dynamic random access memory (DRAM), a synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), a double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), an enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), a synch link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM) and a direct memory bus random access memory (DRRAM). The memory 1309 in the embodiments of the present application includes but is not limited to these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0478] The processor 1310 can include one or more processing units; optionally, the processor 1310 integrates an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly processes operations related to an operating system, a user interface and an application program, and the modem processor mainly processes wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It can be understood that the above-mentioned modem processor can also not be integrated into the processor 1310.

[0479] In some embodiments, the radio frequency unit 1301 is configured to transmit a reference signal, the reference signal being used to estimate transmission characteristic information of a transmission signal.

[0480] In the embodiments of the present application, the reference signal is transmitted, and the reference signal is used to estimate the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal, so that the receiving end can estimate the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal according to the reference signal, and the receiving end can subsequently perform corresponding receiving processing on the transmission signal based on the transmission characteristic information, so as to reduce the distortion of the received transmission signal, thereby effectively ensuring the consistency of the signal transmitted by the sending end and the signal received by the receiving end.

[0481] In some embodiments, the radio frequency unit 1301 is configured to receive a reference signal, the reference signal being used to assist the receiving end to estimate transmission characteristic information of a received transmission signal; and the processor 1310 is configured to perform receiving processing on the transmission signal according to the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal.

[0482] In the embodiments of the present application, the reference signal is received, and the reference signal is used to assist the receiving end to estimate transmission characteristic information of a received transmission signal; and the receiving processing is performed on the transmission signal according to the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal, so as to reduce the distortion of the received transmission signal, thereby effectively ensuring the consistency of the signal transmitted by the sending end and the signal received by the receiving end.

[0483] It can be understood that the implementation processes of the implementation modes mentioned in the embodiments can refer to the related descriptions of the signal processing method or the signal transmission method, and achieve the same or corresponding technical effects. To avoid repetition, they will not be described here.

[0484] The embodiments of the present application also provide a network side device, which comprises a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface and the processor are coupled, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to realize the steps of the method embodiments shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 9. The network side device embodiments correspond to the receiving end method embodiments described above, and each implementation process and implementation mode of the above method embodiments can be applied to the network side device embodiments, and the same technical effects can be achieved.

[0485] Specifically, the embodiment of the present application further provides a network side device, which can be the signal processing apparatus shown in FIG. 11 or the signal transmission apparatus shown in FIG. 10. As shown in FIG. 14, the network side device 1400 includes an antenna 141, a radio frequency apparatus 142, a baseband apparatus 143, a processor 144 and a memory 145. The antenna 141 is connected with the radio frequency apparatus 142. In the uplink direction, the radio frequency apparatus 142 receives information through the antenna 141 and sends the received information to the baseband apparatus 143 for processing. In the downlink direction, the baseband apparatus 143 processes information to be sent and sends the processed information to the radio frequency apparatus 142, which processes the received information and sends it out through the antenna 141.

[0486] The method performed by the receiving end or the sending end in the above embodiment can be implemented in the baseband apparatus 143, which includes a baseband processor.

[0487] The baseband apparatus 143 can include at least one baseband board, for example, on which a plurality of chips are arranged, as shown in FIG. 14. One of the chips is a baseband processor, for example, which is connected with the memory 145 through a bus interface to call programs or instructions in the memory 145 and perform the operations of the network side device shown in the above method embodiment.

[0488] The network side device can further include a network interface 146, which is a Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), for example.

[0489] In addition, the network side device 1400 of the embodiment of the present application further includes programs or instructions stored in the memory 145 and executable on the processor 144, which call the programs or instructions in the memory 145 to perform the method performed by each module shown in FIG. 10 or FIG. 11 and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0490] The embodiment of the present application further provides a readable storage medium, which stores programs or instructions executable by a processor to implement each process of the above signal transmission method or signal processing method embodiment and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0491] The processor is the processor in the terminal or the processor in the network side device in the above embodiment. The readable storage medium includes a computer readable storage medium, such as a computer readable only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc. In some examples, the readable storage medium can be a non-transitory readable storage medium.

[0492] The chip provided by the embodiment of the present application also can be called a system chip, a chip system, a system on chip, or the like.

[0493] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiment of the present application can also be called a system chip, a chip system, a system on chip, or the like.

[0494] The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program / program product stored in a storage medium, and the computer program / program product is executed by at least one processor to implement various processes of the above-mentioned signal transmission method or signal processing method embodiment, and the same technical effects can be achieved. To avoid repetition, details are not repeated here.

[0495] The embodiment of the present application further provides a wireless communication system, which comprises a sending end and a receiving end. The sending end can be used to execute the steps of the above-mentioned signal transmission method, and the receiving end can be used to execute the steps of the above-mentioned signal processing method.

[0496] It should be noted that in this document, the terms "comprising", "including", or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that processes, methods, articles, or devices including a series of elements not only include those elements, but also include other elements not explicitly listed, or further include elements inherent to such processes, methods, articles, or devices. Without more limitations, the element defined by the statement "including a" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or device including the element. In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to the order of performing the functions shown or discussed, and can also include performing the functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in a reverse order, for example, the described method can be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps can also be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, the features described with reference to certain examples can be combined in other examples.

[0497] From the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-mentioned embodiment method can be realized by means of computer software product and general hardware platform, and of course, it can also be realized by hardware. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disc, optical disc, etc.), and the computer software product includes a plurality of instructions for making a terminal or network side device execute the method described in each embodiment of the present application.

[0498] The embodiments of the present application are described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments, and the above-described specific embodiments are merely illustrative, but not restrictive, and a person of ordinary skill in the art can make many forms of embodiments under the inspiration of the present application without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope protected by the claims, and these embodiments all belong to the protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A signal transmission method, performed by a transmitter, the method comprising: transmitting a reference signal, the reference signal being used to estimate transmission characteristic information of a transmission signal. The reference signal comprises at least one of: a first reference signal; and a second reference signal; wherein the first reference signal is used to estimate channel characteristic information of the transmission signal; and the second reference signal is used to estimate nonlinear characteristic information of the transmission signal.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The nonlinear characteristic information of the transmission signal is nonlinear state information of a power amplifier associated with the transmission signal. The first reference signal is transmitted when the power amplifier of the transmitter is in a linear state; and the second reference signal is transmitted when the power amplifier of the transmitter is in a nonlinear state. The method further comprises: transmitting first indication information, the first indication information being used to indicate a first difference between a transmission power of the first reference signal and a transmission power of the second reference signal, or a second difference between an energy per resource element (EPRE) corresponding to the first reference signal and an EPRE corresponding to the second reference signal, or a third difference between a transmission bandwidth of the first reference signal and a transmission bandwidth of the second reference signal, or an absolute value of the transmission power of the first reference signal or an absolute value of the transmission power of the second reference signal, or an absolute value of the EPRE corresponding to the first reference signal or an absolute value of the EPRE corresponding to the second reference signal, or an absolute value of the transmission bandwidth of the first reference signal or an absolute value of the transmission bandwidth of the second reference signal. The first reference signal and the second reference signal are separated by K time units, K being an integer. The first reference signal and the second reference signal satisfy at least one of: a bandwidth of the first reference signal is smaller than a bandwidth of the second reference signal; a time domain position corresponding to the first reference signal is different from a time domain position corresponding to the second reference signal; and a sequence corresponding to the first reference signal is different from a sequence corresponding to the second reference signal.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The first reference signal is a comb structure.

4. The method of claim 2 or 3, wherein, The reference signal is a constant envelope signal or a non-constant envelope signal. The transmitting of the reference signal comprises: periodically transmitting the reference signal; or aperiodically transmitting the reference signal; or transmitting the reference signal based on a semi-static transmission mode; or transmitting the reference signal according to a trigger event.

5. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein, The trigger event comprises at least one of: a nonlinear characteristic validity timer of the transmitter or a receiver being invalid; a time during which the transmitter does not transmit the transmission signal being greater than a first threshold; a duration during which the transmitter transmits the transmission signal being greater than a second threshold; a change value of a nonlinear state of a power amplifier (PA) being greater than a third threshold; a bit error rate, a retransmission rate, or a transmission rate of a non-acknowledgement (NACK) message of the receiver being greater than a fourth threshold, or a data transmission correctness rate, a retransmission rate, or a transmission rate of an acknowledgement message of the receiver being less than a fifth threshold; the transmitter needing to transmit the transmission signal; and the transmitter receiving scheduling information for transmitting the transmission signal. ​ 6. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein, ​ 7. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein, ​ ​ ​ ​ 8. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein, ​ 9. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein, ​ 10. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein, ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 11. The method of claim 10, wherein, ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Beam failure occurs at the sending end or beam recovery or beam switching or power amplifier switching occurs at the sending end; State switching occurs at the sending end; Cell switching occurs at the sending end.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein, The method further comprises: repeatedly sending the reference signal; wherein, in the repeatedly sent reference signal, the reference signals at different resource locations correspond to different transmission parameters, and the transmission parameters include at least one of a beam, a transmission configuration indication (TCI), a power amplifier, and a power amplifier set; Or, in the repeatedly sent reference signal, the transmission power of different reference signals corresponding to the same transmission parameter is different.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein, The sending reference signal comprises: sending the reference signal on a first resource, the first resource being associated with a resource of a transmission signal; Or, sending the reference signal on a second resource, the second resource being not associated with a resource of the transmission signal.

14. The method of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein, The frequency domain range of the reference signal is greater than the frequency domain range of the transmission signal.

15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein, The sending reference signal comprises: determining a pattern of the reference signal according to first information; sending the reference signal according to the pattern of the reference signal; wherein, the first information includes at least one of: a change in the nonlinear state of the power amplifier of the sending end; scheduling related information; second indication information, the second indication information being used to indicate the pattern of the reference signal; the type of the transmission signal; vector magnitude error (EVM) or adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) requirements.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein, The scheduling related information includes at least one of: the time domain position of the scheduling transmission; uplink power control information; service type; the number of symbols; bandwidth; modulation and coding scheme (MCS) or adjustment method of MCS; vector magnitude error (EVM) or adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) indicated by scheduling information.

17. The method of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein, The reference signal includes at least one of: demodulation reference signal (DMRS); sounding reference signal (SRS); synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel signal block (SSB); primary synchronization signal (PSS); secondary synchronization signal (SSS); tracking reference signal (TRS); phase tracking reference signal (PTRS); channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS).

18. A signal processing method performed by a receiving end, the method comprising: receiving a reference signal, the reference signal being used to assist the receiving end in estimating transmission characteristic information of a received transmission signal; performing receiving processing on the transmission signal according to the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein, Performing receiving processing on the transmission signal according to the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal comprises: in a case where it is determined according to second information that the transmission signal is transmitted in a nonlinear state of a power amplifier, performing receiving processing on the transmission signal according to the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal; wherein, the second information includes at least one of: control information of the received signal, the control information being used to indicate whether the transmission signal is transmitted in the nonlinear state; a pattern of the reference signal, the pattern of the reference signal being related to whether the transmission signal is transmitted in the nonlinear state; uplink transmission scheduling information, the uplink transmission scheduling information including whether the transmission signal is transmitted in the nonlinear state; power information of the transmission signal; repetition transmission information of the transmission signal.

20. The method of claim 18 or 19, wherein, The reference signal comprises at least one of the following: A first reference signal; A second reference signal; The first reference signal is used to assist the receiving end to estimate the channel characteristic information of the transmission signal; The second reference signal is used to assist the receiving end to estimate the nonlinear characteristic information of the transmission signal.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein, The nonlinear characteristic information is the nonlinear state of the power amplifier associated with the transmission signal.

22. The method of claim 20 or 21, wherein, The first reference signal is transmitted when the power amplifier is in a linear state; The second reference signal is transmitted when the power amplifier is in a nonlinear state.

23. The method of any one of claims 20 to 22, wherein, Further comprising: Obtaining first indication information, the first indication information is used to indicate the first difference value of the transmission power of the first reference signal and the transmission power of the second reference signal, or, is used to indicate the second difference value of the energy per resource element EPRE corresponding to the first reference signal and the EPRE corresponding to the second reference signal, or, is used to indicate the third difference value of the transmission bandwidth of the first reference signal and the transmission bandwidth of the second reference signal, or, is used to indicate the absolute value of the transmission power of the first reference signal or the absolute value of the transmission power of the second reference signal, or, is used to indicate the absolute value of the EPRE corresponding to the first reference signal or the absolute value of the EPRE corresponding to the second reference signal, or, is used to indicate the absolute value of the transmission bandwidth of the first reference signal or the absolute value of the transmission bandwidth of the second reference signal.

24. The method of any one of claims 20 to 23, wherein, The first reference signal and the second reference signal are separated by K time units, K is an integer.

25. The method of any one of claims 20 to 24, wherein, The first reference signal and the second reference signal satisfy at least one of the following: The bandwidth of the first reference signal is smaller than the bandwidth of the second reference signal; The time domain position corresponding to the first reference signal is different from the time domain position corresponding to the second reference signal; The sequence corresponding to the first reference signal is different from the sequence corresponding to the second reference signal.

26. The method of any one of claims 20 to 25, wherein, The first reference signal is a comb structure.

27. The method of any one of claims 20 to 26, wherein, The reference signal is a constant envelope signal or a non-constant envelope signal.

28. The method of any one of claims 20 to 27, wherein, The receiving reference signal comprises: Periodically receiving the reference signal; Or, receiving the reference signal aperiodically; Or, receiving the reference signal based on a semi-static transmission mode; Or, receiving the reference signal according to a trigger event.

29. The method of claim 28, wherein, The trigger event comprises at least one of the following: The nonlinear characteristic effective timer of the transmitting end or the receiving end is invalid; The time when the transmitting end does not transmit the transmission signal is greater than a first threshold value; The duration when the transmitting end transmits the transmission signal is greater than a second threshold value; The change value of the nonlinear state of the power amplifier PA is greater than a third threshold value; The bit error rate, retransmission rate or transmission rate of the non-acknowledgement message NACK of the receiving end is greater than a fourth threshold value, or the data transmission correctness rate, retransmission rate or transmission rate of the acknowledgement message of the receiving end is less than a fifth threshold value; The transmitting end needs to transmit the transmission signal; The transmitting end receives scheduling information for transmitting the transmission signal; The transmitting end occurs beam failure or beam recovery or beam switching or power amplifier switching; The transmitting end occurs state switching; The transmitting end occurs cell switching.

30. A signal transmission device, comprising: The first sending module is configured to send a reference signal, and the reference signal is used to estimate transmission characteristic information of a transmission signal.

31. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein, The reference signal comprises at least one of the following: A first reference signal; A second reference signal; The first reference signal is used to estimate channel characteristic information of the transmission signal; The second reference signal is used to estimate nonlinear characteristic information of the transmission signal.

32. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein, The nonlinear characteristic information of the transmission signal is a nonlinear state of a power amplifier associated with the transmission signal.

33. The apparatus of claim 31 or 32, wherein, The first reference signal is sent when the power amplifier at a sending end is in a linear state; The second reference signal is sent when the power amplifier at the sending end is in a nonlinear state.

34. The apparatus of any one of claims 31 to 33, wherein, Further comprising: The second sending module is configured to send first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate a first difference between a sending power of the first reference signal and a sending power of the second reference signal, or is used to indicate a second difference between an EPRE corresponding to each resource element of the first reference signal and an EPRE corresponding to the second reference signal, or is used to indicate a third difference between a sending bandwidth of the first reference signal and a sending bandwidth of the second reference signal, or is used to indicate an absolute value of the sending power of the first reference signal or an absolute value of the sending power of the second reference signal, or is used to indicate an absolute value of the EPRE corresponding to the first reference signal or an absolute value of the EPRE corresponding to the second reference signal, or is used to indicate an absolute value of the sending bandwidth of the first reference signal or an absolute value of the sending bandwidth of the second reference signal.

35. The apparatus of any one of claims 31 to 34, wherein, The first reference signal and the second reference signal are spaced by K time units, and K is an integer.

36. The apparatus of any one of claims 31 to 35, wherein, The first reference signal and the second reference signal satisfy at least one of the following: The bandwidth of the first reference signal is smaller than the bandwidth of the second reference signal; The time domain position corresponding to the first reference signal is different from the time domain position corresponding to the second reference signal; The sequence corresponding to the first reference signal is different from the sequence corresponding to the second reference signal.

37. A signal processing apparatus, comprising: The first receiving module is configured to receive a reference signal, and the reference signal is used to assist a receiving end to estimate transmission characteristic information of a received transmission signal; The processing module is configured to perform receiving processing on the transmission signal according to the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal.

38. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein, The processing module is configured to: perform receiving processing on the transmission signal according to the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal when it is determined according to second information that the transmission signal is sent in a nonlinear state of a power amplifier; The second information comprises at least one of the following: Control information of the received signal, and the control information is used to indicate whether the transmission signal is sent in the nonlinear state; A pattern of the reference signal, and the pattern of the reference signal is related to whether the transmission signal is sent in the nonlinear state; Uplink transmission scheduling information, and the uplink transmission scheduling information comprises whether the transmission signal is sent in the nonlinear state; Power information of the transmission signal; Repeated transmission information of the transmission signal.

39. The apparatus of claim 37 or 38, wherein, The reference signal comprises at least one of the following: a first reference signal; a second reference signal; wherein the first reference signal is used to assist the receiving end to estimate channel characteristic information of the transmission signal; the second reference signal is used to assist the receiving end to estimate nonlinear characteristic information of the transmission signal.

40. The apparatus of claim 39, wherein, the nonlinear characteristic information is a nonlinear state of a power amplifier associated with the transmission signal.

41. The apparatus of claim 39 or 40, wherein, the first reference signal is transmitted when the power amplifier is in a linear state; the second reference signal is transmitted when the power amplifier is in a nonlinear state. 42.A communication device comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing programs or instructions executable on the processor, the programs or instructions being executed by the processor to implement steps of the signal transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 17, or to implement steps of the signal processing method according to any one of claims 18 to 29. 43.A readable storage medium storing programs or instructions, the programs or instructions being executed by a processor to implement steps of the signal transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 17, or to implement steps of the signal processing method according to any one of claims 18 to 29. 44.A computer program product comprising computer instructions, the computer instructions being executed by a processor to implement steps of the signal transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 17, or to implement steps of the signal processing method according to any one of claims 18 to 29.

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