Perovskite solar cell module and fabrication method therefor

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are a perovskite solar cell module and a fabrication method therefor. The perovskite solar cell module comprises: a substrate, wherein a first groove structure and a second groove structure are disposed on a selected surface of the substrate; two first conductive components, which are respectively disposed in the first groove structure and the second groove structure; a perovskite functional layer, which is disposed on the selected surface of the substrate, the perovskite functional layer being electrically connected to the two first conductive components located in the first groove structure and the second groove structure respectively; and an encapsulation structure, which is hermetically bonded to the substrate, wherein the perovskite functional layer is encapsulated in an encapsulation space formed by bonding the substrate and the encapsulation structure, a portion of either of the two first conductive components being located inside the encapsulation space, and the other portion being located outside the encapsulation space. In the present invention, channels through which moisutre can enter the interior of the module are reduced, thereby avoiding moisture ingress, improving the stability of perovskite solar cells.

Description

Perovskite solar cell modules and their fabrication methods Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a perovskite solar cell module and its preparation method, belonging to the field of battery encapsulation technology. Background Technology

[0002] Perovskite solar cells have long attracted attention due to their high conversion efficiency, inexpensive starting materials, and ease of manufacturing, and are considered a renewable technology that can replace traditional solar cells. In recent years, perovskite solar cell technology has developed rapidly, achieving breakthroughs in efficiency improvement and area scaling. However, the stability of perovskite solar cells has not been fundamentally resolved, severely restricting their practical performance and commercialization.

[0003] The stability of perovskite solar cells is largely affected by water and oxygen in the environment. Current perovskite solar cell encapsulation technology is basically based on the double-glass encapsulation method used for crystalline silicon, employing a double-glass structure plus an encapsulating film. A circular hole must be pre-drilled in the top cover to allow the electrodes to be led out into the junction box. However, for perovskite materials, which are more sensitive to moisture, this method results in faster decomposition of the perovskite near the junction box during actual use. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a perovskite solar cell module and its preparation method, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention includes:

[0006] According to one aspect of this application, an embodiment of this application provides a perovskite solar cell module, characterized in that it comprises:

[0007] A substrate, wherein a selected surface of the substrate is provided with a first groove structure and a second groove structure;

[0008] Two first conductive components are respectively disposed in the first groove structure and the second groove structure;

[0009] A perovskite functional layer is disposed on a selected surface of the substrate, and the perovskite functional layer is electrically connected to two first conductive components located in the first trench structure and the second trench structure, respectively.

[0010] The encapsulation structure is sealed to the substrate, and the perovskite functional layer is encapsulated in the encapsulation space formed by the substrate and the encapsulation structure. A portion of either of the two first conductive components is located inside the encapsulation space, and the other portion is located outside the encapsulation space.

[0011] Optionally, a selected surface of the substrate has a first region and a second region arranged sequentially along a first direction, with a portion of the first groove structure and a portion of the second groove structure arranged in the second region and another portion arranged in the first region, and the encapsulation structure completely covering the second region.

[0012] Optionally, the first groove structure includes a first sub-groove and a second sub-groove, the second groove structure includes a third sub-groove and a fourth sub-groove, the first sub-groove and the third sub-groove are located in the first region, the second sub-groove and the fourth sub-groove are located in the second region, and the encapsulation structure fills the gap between the first conductive component and a selected surface of the substrate in the second sub-groove and the fourth sub-groove.

[0013] Optionally, the perovskite solar cell module further includes two second conductive components, wherein the two second conductive components are respectively connected to the perovskite functional layer, and each of the two second conductive components has an end disposed in the first groove structure and the second groove structure, such that it is electrically connected to the first conductive component in the first groove structure and the second groove structure, respectively.

[0014] Optionally, in the first direction, the length of the encapsulation structure is greater than the length of the second conductive component, which is greater than the length of the effective portion / region of the perovskite functional layer; the depth of the first groove structure and the second groove structure is greater than the thickness of the first conductive component; and the width of the first groove structure and the second groove structure is greater than the width of the second conductive component.

[0015] Optionally, the width of the first region includes 5mm to 20mm, the distance from the end of the first region away from the perovskite functional layer to the perovskite functional layer includes 15mm to 30mm, the depth of the first groove structure and the second groove structure includes 0.05mm to 0.1mm, and the length of the first groove structure and the second groove structure includes 5mm to 10mm.

[0016] Optionally, the first groove structure and the second groove structure are spaced apart from the perovskite functional layer on a selected surface of the substrate; the first groove structure and the second groove structure are spaced apart along a second direction, wherein the second direction intersects the first direction.

[0017] Optionally, the encapsulation structure includes a cover plate, an encapsulating film, and a circumferential encapsulating tape. The encapsulating film completely covers the perovskite functional layer. The circumferential encapsulating tape is disposed on a selected surface of the substrate and fills the gap between the first conductive component and the selected surface of the substrate in the first groove structure and the second groove structure. The cover plate completely covers the encapsulating film and the circumferential encapsulating tape and is sealed to the substrate via the circumferential encapsulating tape.

[0018] Optionally, the first area is further covered with an insulating structural layer and a junction box, the junction box being electrically connected to the first conductive component.

[0019] According to another aspect of this application, embodiments of this application provide a method for fabricating a perovskite solar cell module, characterized in that it includes:

[0020] A perovskite functional layer is formed on a selected surface of the substrate;

[0021] A first groove structure and a second groove structure are formed on a selected surface of the substrate, wherein the first groove structure and the second groove structure are separated from the perovskite functional layer.

[0022] First conductive components are formed in the first and second groove structures respectively, and the two first conductive components are electrically connected to the perovskite functional layer respectively.

[0023] An encapsulation structure is formed on a selected surface of the substrate and the encapsulation structure is sealed to the substrate to encapsulate the perovskite functional layer within an encapsulation space formed by the substrate and the encapsulation structure. A portion of either of the two first conductive components is encapsulated inside the encapsulation space, while the other portion is exposed outside the encapsulation space.

[0024] Optionally, a selected surface of the substrate has a first region and a second region arranged sequentially along a first direction, the encapsulation structure completely covers the second region, and the first region is exposed outside the encapsulation space; the perovskite functional layer is located in a predetermined area within the second region, and a portion of the first groove structure and the second groove structure are each disposed in the second region and another portion is disposed in the first region.

[0025] Optionally, forming a perovskite functional layer on a selected surface of the substrate includes: first forming a perovskite functional layer over the entire selected surface of the substrate, and then removing the perovskite functional layer outside the predetermined area.

[0026] Optionally, the first groove structure includes a first sub-groove and a second sub-groove, the second groove structure includes a third sub-groove and a fourth sub-groove, the first sub-groove and the third sub-groove are located in the first region, the second sub-groove and the fourth sub-groove are located in the second region, and the encapsulation structure fills the gap between the first conductive component and a selected surface of the substrate in the second sub-groove and the fourth sub-groove.

[0027] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0028] Two second conductive components are formed on the surface of the perovskite functional layer.

[0029] The two second conductive components are electrically connected to the perovskite functional layer, and each of the two second conductive components has an end disposed in the first groove structure and the second groove structure, respectively, so as to be electrically connected to the first conductive component in the first groove structure and the second groove structure.

[0030] Optionally, in the first direction, the length of the encapsulation structure is greater than the length of the second conductive component, which is greater than the length of the effective portion / region of the perovskite functional layer; the depth of the first groove structure and the second groove structure is greater than the thickness of the first conductive component; and the width of the first groove structure and the second groove structure is greater than the width of the second conductive component.

[0031] Optionally, the width of the first region includes 5mm to 20mm, the distance from the end of the first region away from the perovskite functional layer to the perovskite functional layer includes 15mm to 30mm, the depth of the first groove structure and the second groove structure includes 0.05mm to 0.1mm, and the length of the first groove structure and the second groove structure includes 5mm to 10mm.

[0032] Optionally, the first groove structure and the second groove structure are spaced apart from the perovskite functional layer on a selected surface of the substrate; the first groove structure and the second groove structure are spaced apart along a second direction, wherein the second direction intersects the first direction.

[0033] Optionally, the encapsulation structure includes a cover plate, an encapsulating film, and a circumferential encapsulating tape. The encapsulating film completely covers the perovskite functional layer. The circumferential encapsulating tape is disposed on a selected surface of the substrate and fills the gap between the first conductive component and the selected surface of the substrate in the first groove structure and the second groove structure. The cover plate completely covers the encapsulating film and the circumferential encapsulating tape and is sealed to the substrate via the circumferential encapsulating tape.

[0034] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0035] An insulating structural layer is applied to the first region; and

[0036] A junction box is provided in the first area, so that the junction box is electrically connected to the first conductive component.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention include:

[0038] The perovskite solar cell module and its fabrication method provided in this invention, by processing a groove-shaped structure and setting a first conductive component in the area of ​​the substrate exposed outside the encapsulation space, and reserving sufficient space to allow the electrode leads to fully contact the first conductive component, and ensuring the sealing of the encapsulation structure and the substrate, reduces the channels for moisture to enter the module while avoiding drilling holes in the cover plate, effectively preventing moisture intrusion, improving the stability of the perovskite solar cell, and improving its resistance to water and oxygen in the environment. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a perovskite solar cell module provided in a typical embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a perovskite solar cell module provided in a typical embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a substrate in a perovskite solar cell module provided in a typical embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 shows the outdoor operational stability test results of the perovskite solar cell modules in Embodiment 1 and Comparative Example 1 of the present invention.

[0043] Reference numerals: Substrate 10; Groove structures 11-1, 11-2; First region 12; Second region 13; Encapsulating film 20; Cover plate 30; Perovskite functional layer 50; First conductive component 60; Second conductive component 70; Width a of the first region; Distance b from the end of the first region away from the perovskite functional layer to the perovskite functional layer; Length c of the groove structure. Detailed Implementation

[0044] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the inventors of this invention, through long-term research and extensive practice, have proposed the technical solution of this invention. The following will further explain and illustrate this technical solution, its implementation process, and its principles.

[0045] The following will further explain the technical solution, its implementation process and principle in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation examples. Unless otherwise specified, the functional components and specific processes in the following specific implementation examples are known to those skilled in the art.

[0046] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a perovskite solar cell module includes: a substrate 10, a perovskite functional layer 50 (i.e., a perovskite solar cell, hereinafter the same), an encapsulation structure, and two first conductive components 60. Two groove-shaped structures are disposed on a selected surface of the substrate 10, including a first groove-shaped structure 11-1 and a second groove-shaped structure 11-2. The two first conductive components 60 are respectively disposed within the first groove-shaped structure 11-1 and the second groove-shaped structure 11-2. The perovskite functional layer 50 is disposed on a selected surface of the substrate and is electrically connected to the two first conductive components 60 located within the first groove-shaped structure 11-1 and the second groove-shaped structure 11-2.

[0047] The encapsulation structure is sealed to the substrate 10. The perovskite functional layer 50 is encapsulated within the encapsulation space formed by the encapsulation structure and the substrate 10. For either of the two first conductive components 60, a portion of it is encapsulated within the encapsulation space, while the other portion is exposed outside the encapsulation space. A portion of the encapsulation structure fills the groove structure and covers the first conductive component 60, thereby ensuring that the encapsulation space is isolated from the external environment.

[0048] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG2, a selected surface of substrate 10 has a first region 12 and a second region 13 sequentially disposed along a first direction. A perovskite functional layer 50 is disposed in a predetermined region of the second region 13. A portion of the first groove structure 11-1 and the second groove structure 11-2 are disposed in the first region 12, and another portion is disposed in the second region 13 (i.e., the first groove structure 11-1 and the second groove structure 11-2 are located in the adjacent region between the first region 12 and the second region 13). The encapsulation structure completely covers the second region 13 of the selected surface of substrate 10. It is understood that the first region 12 of the selected surface of substrate 10 is exposed outside the encapsulation space and is considered an exposed region.

[0049] In an optional embodiment, the first groove structure may include a first sub-groove and a second sub-groove, and the second groove structure may include a third sub-groove and a fourth sub-groove. The first and third sub-grooves are located in a first region 12, and the second and fourth sub-grooves are located in a second region 13. The encapsulation structure fills the gap between the first conductive component and a selected surface of the substrate in the second and fourth sub-grooves.

[0050] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 or Figure 2, the encapsulation structure includes a cover plate 30, an encapsulating film 20, and a circumferential encapsulating tape. The encapsulating film 20 is stacked and covers the effective portion / area of ​​the perovskite functional layer 50. The circumferential encapsulating tape is adhered to a second area 13 of a selected surface of the substrate 10 and surrounds the effective portion / area of ​​the perovskite functional layer 50. The cover plate 30 covers the second area 13 of the selected surface of the substrate 10. The cover plate 30 is sealed to the substrate 10 at least by the circumferential encapsulating tape. The circumferential encapsulating tape also completely fills the portions of the first groove structure 11-1 and the second groove structure 11-2 located in the second area 13 and tightly covers the first conductive component 60. In this way, the cover plate 30 is sealed to the substrate 10 by the circumferential encapsulating tape, ensuring a sealing effect between the encapsulation structure and the substrate 10.

[0051] In one optional embodiment, the depths of the first groove structure 11-1 and the second groove structure 11-2 are greater than the thickness of the first conductive component 60, such that the first conductive component 60 does not completely fill the first groove structure 11-1 and the second groove structure 11-2. The spaces in the first groove structure 11-1 and the second groove structure 11-2 that are not filled by the first conductive component 60 are filled with circumferential encapsulation tape, thereby sealing the cover plate 30 to the substrate via the circumferential encapsulation tape, ensuring a sealing effect between the encapsulation structure and the substrate.

[0052] The perovskite solar cell module provided in this application, by processing a groove-shaped structure and setting a first conductive component in the area of ​​the substrate exposed outside the encapsulation space, reserves sufficient space to allow the electrode leads to fully contact the first conductive component and ensures the sealing between the encapsulation structure and the substrate. While avoiding drilling holes in the cover plate, it reduces the channels for moisture to enter the module, effectively prevents moisture intrusion, and improves the stability of the perovskite solar cell.

[0053] It should be noted that the encapsulating film 20 can be fixedly bonded to the surface of the cover plate 30. The cover plate 30 and the encapsulating film 20 can be considered as a whole. The shape and size of the encapsulating film 20 can be exactly the same as those of the cover plate 30, and the area of ​​the encapsulating film 20 can be slightly smaller than that of the cover plate 30. In a specific embodiment, the cover plate 30 can be a transparent glass plate, optionally a white, transparent glass plate. The perovskite functional layer 50 and the substrate 10 can also be considered as a whole. The perovskite functional layer 50 can be directly prepared on the substrate 10. Of course, the perovskite functional layer can also be fixedly bonded to the substrate 10 by other fixing means. More specifically, the perovskite functional layer 50 includes a first electrode, an electron transport layer, a perovskite layer, a hole transport layer, and a second electrode sequentially stacked on a selected surface of the substrate 10. The second electrode is a metal electrode, and the first electrode can also be integral with the substrate 10. The substrate 10 can be conductive glass. The perovskite functional layer is not marked in the exploded view of the encapsulation structure shown in Figure 1. It should be noted that the effective portion / region of the perovskite functional layer 50 refers to the portion and region that has all structural layers in the thickness direction of the battery structure.

[0054] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG2, the perovskite solar cell module further includes two second conductive components 70. The perovskite functional layer 50 is electrically connected to two first conductive components 60 via the two second conductive components 70, respectively. The two second conductive components 70 can collect the current of the perovskite functional layer 50. In a specific embodiment, the two second conductive components 70 are respectively connected to the perovskite functional layer 50, and each of the two second conductive components 70 has one end disposed in the first groove structure 11-1 and the second groove structure 11-2, respectively, so as to be electrically connected to the first conductive components 60 in the first groove structure 11-1 and the second groove structure 11-2, respectively.

[0055] In one embodiment, to prevent the first and second electrodes of the perovskite functional layer 50 from interconnecting, a first and second region on a selected surface of the substrate 10 is free of a conductive layer. In the embodiment shown in FIG2, the substrate 10 may be obtained by removing the conductive layer of a local area of ​​the conductive glass along one side of the lead-out direction of the second conductive component 70 using a laser. The perovskite functional layer 50 in FIG2 can also be understood as the effective working area of ​​the perovskite functional layer.

[0056] In the embodiment shown in FIG2, the first groove structure 11-1 and the second groove structure 11-2 are spaced apart from the perovskite functional layer 50 on a selected surface of the substrate 10. The first groove structure 11-1 and the second groove structure 11-2 are spaced apart along a second direction, wherein the second direction intersects the first direction. In an optional embodiment, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0057] In the embodiment shown in FIG2, in the first direction, the width a of the first region 12 may include 5mm to 20mm, and the distance b from the end of the first region 12 away from the perovskite functional layer 50 to the perovskite functional layer 50 may include 15mm to 30mm.

[0058] In an optional embodiment, as shown in FIG2, in the first direction, the length of the cover plate 30 is greater than the length of the second conductive component 70, which is greater than the length of the effective portion / region of the perovskite functional layer 50. More specifically, one end of each of the two second conductive components 70 extends out to one side of the encapsulation space, and in the first direction, a certain distance is provided between the edges of the first groove structure 11-1 and the second groove structure 11-2 and the edges of the perovskite functional layer and the substrate 10.

[0059] In an optional embodiment, as shown in FIG2, the other ends of the two second conductive components 70 are respectively disposed at the bottom of the first groove structure 11-1 and the second groove structure 11-2, and the other ends of the two second conductive components 70 are respectively covered by the two first conductive components 60.

[0060] In an optional embodiment, the width of the two groove structures 11-1 and 11-2 is greater than the width of the second conductive component 70. In a specific embodiment, the depth of the two groove structures 11-1 and 11-2 may include 0.05 mm to 0.1 mm, and the length c may include 5 mm to 10 mm. In the embodiment shown in FIG2, the length c of the two groove structures is the dimension along the first direction.

[0061] In an optional embodiment, the second conductive component 70 is a metal lead, the first conductive component 60 may be formed of metal or carbon material, and the circumferential encapsulation tape may be a water-blocking butyl tape.

[0062] Because perovskite solar cell modules have conductive areas exposed to air, insulation is required for safety. In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the first region 12 may also be covered with an insulating structural layer and a junction box, which is electrically connected to the first conductive component 60.

[0063] This application also provides a method for preparing a perovskite solar cell module, comprising the following steps:

[0064] A perovskite functional layer 50 is formed on a selected surface of the substrate 10;

[0065] A first groove structure 11-1 and a second groove structure 11-2 are formed on a selected surface of the substrate 10, wherein the first groove structure 11-1 and the second groove structure 11-2 are separated from the perovskite functional layer 50.

[0066] First conductive components 60 are formed in the first groove structure 11-1 and the second groove structure 11-2 respectively, and the two first conductive components 60 are electrically connected to the perovskite functional layer 50 respectively.

[0067] An encapsulation structure is formed on a selected surface of the substrate 10 and the encapsulation structure is sealed to the substrate 10 to encapsulate the perovskite functional layer 50 within an encapsulation space formed by the combination of the substrate and the encapsulation structure. A portion of either of the two first conductive components 60 is encapsulated inside the encapsulation space, while the other portion is exposed outside the encapsulation space.

[0068] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG2, a selected surface of substrate 10 has a first region 12 and a second region 13 sequentially disposed along a first direction. A perovskite functional layer 50 is disposed in a predetermined region of the second region 13. Two groove-shaped structures 11-1 and 11-2 are each partially disposed in the first region 12 and partially disposed in the second region 13 (i.e., the two groove-shaped structures 11-1 and 11-2 are located in the adjacent region between the first region 12 and the second region 13). The encapsulation structure completely covers the second region 13 of the selected surface of substrate 10. It is understood that the first region 12 of the selected surface of substrate 10 is exposed outside the encapsulation space and is considered an exposed area.

[0069] In one optional embodiment, the encapsulation structure includes a cover plate 30, a water-resistant encapsulating film 20, and a circumferential encapsulating tape. The encapsulating film 20 is laminated and covers the effective portion / region of the perovskite functional layer 50. The circumferential encapsulating tape is adhered to a second region 13 of a selected surface of the substrate 10 and surrounds the effective portion / region of the perovskite functional layer 50. The cover plate 30 covers the second region 13 of the selected surface of the substrate 10. The cover plate 30 is sealed to the substrate 10 at least by the circumferential encapsulating tape. The circumferential encapsulating tape also fills the portion of the groove structure located in the second region 13 and tightly covers the first conductive component 60. In this way, the cover plate 30 is sealed to the substrate by the circumferential encapsulating tape, ensuring a sealing effect between the encapsulation structure and the substrate 10. In a specific embodiment, the cover plate 30 can be a transparent glass plate, and the substrate 10 and the perovskite functional layer 50 are conductive glass comprising all structural layers of the perovskite solar cell.

[0070] In an optional embodiment, according to the size of the cover plate 30, a water-resistant butyl tape is provided as a circumferential encapsulation tape in a second region of a selected surface of the substrate 10. A portion of the circumferential encapsulation tape can fill the gap between the first conductive component of the first groove structure 11-1 and the second groove structure 11-2 and the selected surface of the substrate 10, so that the cover plate 30 is sealed to the substrate 10 by the circumferential encapsulation tape.

[0071] In an optional embodiment, the encapsulating film 20 is attached to the cover plate 30, with the side of the cover plate 30 with the encapsulating film 20 facing the perovskite functional layer 50, and the encapsulating film 20 is fixedly bonded to the perovskite functional layer 50. The cover plate 30 is fixedly bonded to the circumferential encapsulating tape, and the perovskite functional layer is encapsulated in a closed encapsulation space formed by the cover plate 30, the substrate 10 and the circumferential encapsulating tape.

[0072] In an optional embodiment, the cover plate 30 and the encapsulating film 20 may have the same shape and area, and the area of ​​the encapsulating film 20 may be slightly smaller than that of the cover plate 30. The substrate 10 and the cover plate 30 have the same width, and the length of the substrate 10 is greater than that of the cover plate 30.

[0073] In one alternative embodiment, forming a perovskite functional layer 50 on a selected surface of the substrate 10 may include: first forming a perovskite functional layer over the entire selected surface of the substrate, and then removing the perovskite functional layer outside a predetermined area. In a specific embodiment, as shown in FIG2, the selected surface of the substrate 10 has a first region 12 and a second region 13 sequentially disposed along a first direction. The encapsulation structure completely covers the second region 13, and the first region 12 is exposed outside the encapsulation space. The perovskite functional layer 50 is disposed in a predetermined area within the second region 13. During the formation of the perovskite functional layer 50, the perovskite functional layer is first formed over the entire selected surface of the substrate 10, and then the perovskite functional layer located outside the predetermined area of ​​the substrate 10 is removed to form a blank area.

[0074] In one embodiment, the process of forming a first groove structure 11-1 and a second groove structure 11-2 on a selected surface of the substrate 10 may include forming two groove structures 11-1 and 11-2 in an area adjacent to the first region 12 and the second region 13. In the embodiment shown in FIG2, the two groove structures 11-1 and 11-2 are spaced apart along a second direction, which may intersect with the first direction, and optionally, the second direction may be perpendicular to the first direction.

[0075] The above-mentioned method for fabricating a perovskite solar cell module may further include forming two second conductive components 70 on the surface of the perovskite functional layer. The two second conductive components 70 are electrically connected to the first electrode and the second electrode of the perovskite functional layer, respectively. Each of the two second conductive components 70 has one end extending into the two groove structures 11-1 and 11-2, respectively, so as to be electrically connected to the first conductive component 60 in the first groove structure 11-1 and the second groove structure 11-2, respectively.

[0076] In an optional embodiment, a first conductive component 60 is formed by filling two groove structures 11-1 and 11-2 with an inert material such as metal or carbon, and the thickness of the first conductive component 60 is less than the depth of the groove structure 11.

[0077] In an optional embodiment, the method for preparing the perovskite solar cell module may further include: covering a first region of the substrate 10 with an insulating material to form an insulating structure layer, and providing a junction box, and electrically connecting the junction box to the first conductive component 60.

[0078] Example 1

[0079] Referring to Figures 1-3, a perovskite solar cell module includes: a substrate 10, a perovskite functional layer 50, an encapsulation structure, two first conductive components 60, and two second conductive components 70. The encapsulation structure includes a circumferential encapsulation tape, an encapsulation film 20, and a cover plate 30. Two groove-shaped structures 11-1 and 11-2 are disposed at the junction of a first region and a second region near one edge of a selected surface of the substrate 10. The first conductive components 60 are disposed within the two groove-shaped structures 11-1 and 11-2, and the thickness of the first conductive components 60 may be less than the depth of the groove-shaped structure 11. A selected surface of the substrate 10 has a first region 12 and a second region 13 sequentially disposed along a first direction. The encapsulation structure completely covers the second region 13, while the first region 11 is exposed outside the encapsulation space. The perovskite functional layer 50 is disposed in a predetermined area within the second region 13. Two second conductive components 70 are electrically connected to the first electrode and the second electrode of the perovskite functional layer, respectively. Each of the two second conductive components 70 has one end extending into the two groove structures 11-1 and 11-2, respectively, so as to be electrically connected to the first conductive component 60 in the first groove structure 11-1 and the second groove structure 11-2, respectively. A circumferential encapsulating tape is disposed in a second region 13 on a selected surface of the substrate 10, and a portion of the circumferential encapsulating tape can fill the gap between the first conductive component 60 of the two groove structures 11-1 and 11-2 and the selected surface of the substrate 10, so that the cover plate 30 is sealed to the substrate 10 by the circumferential encapsulating tape. The encapsulating film 20 and the cover plate 30 are sequentially stacked on the perovskite functional layer 50 and completely cover the second region 13 of the selected surface of the substrate 10. The substrate 10, the circumferential encapsulating tape, the encapsulating film 20 and the cover plate 30 enclose a sealed encapsulation space. The perovskite functional layer 50 is encapsulated in the encapsulation space. A part of the first conductive component 60 is exposed outside the encapsulation space. The first region of the selected surface of the substrate 10 may be covered with an insulating structure layer.

[0080] Comparative Example 1

[0081] A perovskite solar cell module includes: a substrate, a perovskite solar cell, a circumferential encapsulating tape, an encapsulating film, a cover plate, and two second conductive components; the substrate, perovskite solar cell, encapsulating film, and cover plate are stacked sequentially; the circumferential encapsulating tape is disposed between the substrate and the cover plate and surrounds the perovskite solar cell; the two second conductive components are electrically connected to two electrodes of the perovskite solar cell respectively; and the cover plate is provided with electrode lead-out holes, and the two second conductive components extend from one of the electrode lead-out holes respectively, with the electrode lead-out holes sealed with butyl tape.

[0082] It should be noted that the substrate, cover plate, circumferential encapsulation tape, encapsulation film, cover plate and two second conductive components used in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 are all made of the same material, and the perovskite solar cells are cells of the same structure and model. Due to the difference in the encapsulation structure between Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, the dimensions of the cover plate, circumferential encapsulation tape, encapsulation film and cover plate in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 are different.

[0083] The perovskite solar cell modules of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were tested outdoors under the same environmental conditions. The test results are shown in Figure 4.

[0084] The perovskite solar cell module and its fabrication method provided in this invention, by processing a groove-shaped structure and setting a first conductive component in the area of ​​the substrate exposed outside the encapsulation space, reserves sufficient space to allow the electrode leads to fully contact the first conductive component, and ensures the sealing of the encapsulation structure and the substrate. While avoiding drilling holes in the cover plate, it reduces the channels for water vapor to enter the module, effectively prevents water vapor intrusion, improves the stability of the perovskite solar cell, and enhances its resistance to water and oxygen in the environment.

[0085] Although the invention has been described with reference to illustrative embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various other changes, omissions, and / or additions can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that elements of the embodiments can be substituted with substantially equivalents. Furthermore, many modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention to adapt particular situations or materials to the teachings of the invention. Therefore, this invention is not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed for carrying out the invention, but rather is intended to encompass all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims. Moreover, unless specifically stated otherwise, any use of the terms first, second, etc., does not indicate any order or importance, but is used to distinguish one element from another.

[0086] It should be understood that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A perovskite solar cell module, characterized by, The application relates to a perovskite solar cell module, comprising: a substrate, a selected surface of the substrate being provided with a first groove-shaped structure and a second groove-shaped structure; two first conductive components, respectively arranged in the first groove-shaped structure and the second groove-shaped structure; a perovskite functional layer, arranged on the selected surface of the substrate, the perovskite functional layer being electrically connected with the two first conductive components respectively arranged in the first groove-shaped structure and the second groove-shaped structure; an encapsulation structure, sealingly combined with the substrate, the perovskite functional layer being encapsulated in an encapsulation space formed by the combination of the substrate and the encapsulation structure, a part of any one of the two first conductive components being located inside the encapsulation space and another part being located outside the encapsulation space.

2. The perovskite solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized by: The selected surface of the substrate has a first region and a second region arranged in sequence along a first direction, a part of the first groove-shaped structure and the second groove-shaped structure being arranged in the second region and another part being arranged in the first region, and the encapsulation structure completely covering the second region.

3. The perovskite solar cell module according to claim 2, characterized in that: the first groove-shaped structure comprises a first sub-groove and a second sub-groove, the second groove-shaped structure comprises a third sub-groove and a fourth sub-groove, the first sub-groove and the third sub-groove are located in the first region, the second sub-groove and the fourth sub-groove are located in the second region, and the encapsulation structure fills the gap between the first conductive component and the selected surface of the substrate in the second sub-groove and the fourth sub-groove.

4. The perovskite solar cell module according to claim 3, characterized by, The perovskite solar cell module further comprises two second conductive components, wherein the two second conductive components are connected with the perovskite functional layer respectively, and one end of each of the two second conductive components is arranged in the first groove-shaped structure and the second groove-shaped structure respectively, so as to be electrically connected with the first conductive component in the first groove-shaped structure and the second groove-shaped structure respectively.

5. The perovskite solar cell module according to claim 4, characterized by: In the first direction, the length of the encapsulation structure > the length of the second conductive component > the length of the effective part / region of the perovskite functional layer; the depth of the first groove-shaped structure and the second groove-shaped structure is greater than the thickness of the first conductive component; the width of the first groove-shaped structure and the second groove-shaped structure is greater than the width of the second conductive component.

6. The perovskite solar cell module according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by: The width of the first region comprises 5mm-20mm, the distance from one end of the first region away from the perovskite functional layer to the perovskite functional layer comprises 15mm-30mm, the depth of the first groove-shaped structure and the second groove-shaped structure comprises 0.05mm-0.1mm, and the length of the first groove-shaped structure and the second groove-shaped structure comprises 5mm-10mm.

7. The perovskite solar cell module according to claim 2, characterized in that: the first groove-shaped structure and the second groove-shaped structure are arranged separately from the perovskite functional layer on the selected surface of the substrate; and the first groove-shaped structure and the second groove-shaped structure are arranged separately along a second direction, wherein the second direction intersects the first direction.

8. The perovskite solar cell module according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by: The packaging structure comprises a cover plate, a packaging adhesive film and a circumferential packaging adhesive tape, the packaging adhesive film completely covers the perovskite functional layer, the circumferential packaging adhesive tape is arranged on the selected surface of the substrate and fills the gap between the first conductive component and the selected surface of the substrate in the first and second groove-shaped structures, and the cover plate completely covers the packaging adhesive film and the circumferential packaging adhesive tape and is sealedly combined with the substrate through the circumferential packaging adhesive tape.

9. The perovskite solar cell module according to claim 2, characterized by: The first region is further provided with an insulating structure layer and a junction box, and the junction box is electrically connected with the first conductive component.

10. A method of manufacturing a perovskite solar cell module, characterized by, Comprise: forming a perovskite functional layer on a selected surface of a substrate; forming a first groove-shaped structure and a second groove-shaped structure on the selected surface of the substrate, wherein the first groove-shaped structure and the second groove-shaped structure are arranged separately from the perovskite functional layer; forming a first conductive component in the first groove-shaped structure and the second groove-shaped structure, respectively, and electrically connecting the two formed first conductive components with the perovskite functional layer, respectively; forming a packaging structure on the selected surface of the substrate and sealingly combining the packaging structure with the substrate to encapsulate the perovskite functional layer in a packaging space formed by the combination of the substrate and the packaging structure, and a part of any one of the two first conductive components is encapsulated inside the packaging space and the other part is exposed outside the packaging space. 11.The method of claim 10, wherein the perovskite solar cell module is prepared by the steps of: The selected surface of the substrate has a first region and a second region arranged in sequence along a first direction, the packaging structure completely covers the second region, and the first region is exposed outside the packaging space; The perovskite functional layer is located in a predetermined region in the second region, and a part of the first groove-shaped structure and the second groove-shaped structure is arranged in the second region and the other part is arranged in the first region.

12. The method for preparing a perovskite solar cell module according to claim 11, characterized in that, The method for forming a perovskite functional layer on a selected surface of a substrate comprises: forming a perovskite functional layer on the selected surface of the substrate, and then removing the perovskite functional layer except for the predetermined region.

13. The method for preparing a perovskite solar cell module according to claim 11, characterized in that, The first groove-shaped structure comprises a first sub-groove and a second sub-groove, the second groove-shaped structure comprises a third sub-groove and a fourth sub-groove, the first sub-groove and the third sub-groove are located in the first region, the second sub-groove and the fourth sub-groove are located in the second region, and the packaging structure fills the gap between the first conductive component and the selected surface of the substrate in the second sub-groove and the fourth sub-groove.

14. The method for preparing a perovskite solar cell module according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that, The preparation method further comprises: forming two second conductive components on the surface of the perovskite functional layer, wherein the two second conductive components are electrically connected with the perovskite functional layer, respectively, and one end of each of the two second conductive components is arranged in the first groove-shaped structure and the second groove-shaped structure, respectively, so as to be electrically connected with the first conductive component in the first groove-shaped structure and the second groove-shaped structure, respectively.

15. The method for preparing a perovskite solar cell module according to claim 14, characterized in that: In the first direction, the length of the encapsulation structure > the length of the second conductive component > the length of the effective part / region of the perovskite functional layer; the depth of the first and second slot-like structures is greater than the thickness of the first conductive component; the width of the first and second slot-like structures is greater than the width of the second conductive component.

16. The method for preparing a perovskite solar cell module according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that: The width of the first region includes 5mm-20mm, the distance from the end of the first region away from the perovskite functional layer to the perovskite functional layer includes 15mm-30mm, the depth of the first and second slot-like structures includes 0.05mm-0.1mm, and the length of the first and second slot-like structures includes 5mm-10mm.

17. The preparation method of the perovskite solar cell assembly according to claim 11, characterized in that: The first and second slot-like structures are spaced apart from the perovskite functional layer on the selected surface of the substrate; and the first and second slot-like structures are spaced apart along a second direction, wherein the second direction intersects the first direction.

18. The method for preparing a perovskite solar cell module according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that: The encapsulation structure includes a cover plate, an encapsulation adhesive film, and a circumferential encapsulation adhesive tape, the encapsulation adhesive film completely covers the perovskite functional layer, the circumferential encapsulation adhesive tape is arranged on the selected surface of the substrate and fills the gap between the first conductive component and the selected surface of the substrate in the first and second slot-like structures, the cover plate completely covers the encapsulation adhesive film and the circumferential encapsulation adhesive tape, and the circumferential encapsulation adhesive tape is sealed and combined with the substrate.

19. The method for preparing a perovskite solar cell module according to claim 11, characterized in that: Further comprising: An insulating structure layer is arranged on the first region; And A junction box is arranged on the first region, so that the junction box is electrically connected with the first conductive component.

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