Communication method and related apparatus

Abstract

The present application provides a communication method and a related apparatus which are applied to the technical field of communications. In the technical solution provided in the present application, a first signal may be received on the basis of a first connection relationship, and a second signal may be received on the basis of a second connection relationship. The first connection relationship is a connection relationship between an RX channel and a first antenna subarray, and the second connection relationship is a connection relationship between a TX channel and a second antenna subarray. The first connection relationship is different from the second connection relationship. In the technical solution provided in the present application, different operating modes are used during uplink transmission and downlink transmission, thereby providing a stable downlink transmission rate for a high-speed mobile terminal while satisfying coverage requirements of a downlink signal, increasing beam gain during uplink transmission, and enlarging a beam scanning angle in the vertical direction, so as to support an air terminal.

Description

Communication method and related apparatus

[0001] The present application claims priority from the Chinese patent application No. 202411050860.6 filed on July 31, 2024, and entitled "Communication method and related apparatus", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and related apparatus. BACKGROUND

[0003] With the development of terminal technology, terminals have put forward higher requirements on wireless communication systems in terms of transmission rate and performance. There are two different forms of base stations in wireless communication systems, such as a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) form base station and a remote radio unit (RRU) form base station.

[0004] The MIMO form base station is a wireless communication base station that adopts MIMO technology, which uses multiple antenna arrays at the sending end and the receiving end to improve the capacity and reliability of the communication system. However, when this base station provides network services for high-speed mobile terminals and air terminals, the communication performance is poor.

[0005] The RRU form base station is a wireless communication base station that adopts a design of separating RRU and baseband unit (BBU). However, when this base station provides network services for air terminals and long-distance terminals, the communication performance is poor. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application provides a communication method and related apparatus, which are applied to the field of communication technology. In the technical solution provided by the present application, by adopting an uplink-downlink asymmetric beam architecture, stable downlink transmission rate is provided for high-speed mobile terminals while meeting coverage requirements, beam gain in the uplink transmission process is improved, and the scanning angle of the beam in the vertical direction is increased to support air terminals.

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, the method comprising: receiving a first signal based on a first connection relationship, the first connection relationship being a connection relationship between a receive (RX) channel and a first antenna subarray; and transmitting a second signal based on a second connection relationship, the second connection relationship being a connection relationship between a transmit (TX) channel and a second antenna subarray, the first connection relationship being different from the second connection relationship; wherein a number of antenna elements in the first antenna subarray is greater than or equal to a first antenna threshold, a number of antenna elements in the second antenna subarray is less than or equal to a second antenna threshold, a number of RX channels is greater than or equal to a first channel threshold, a number of TX channels is less than or equal to a second channel threshold, and a power of a TX power amplifier in the TX channel is greater than or equal to a power threshold.

[0008] As an example, the method can be performed by a network device, such as a base station. The apparatus for implementing the function of the base station can be the base station itself, or a chip system, hardware circuit, and / or software module in the base station, which is not limited here.

[0009] In the technical solution, the first signal can be an uplink signal, and the second signal can be a downlink signal. The uplink signal can be understood as uplink communication data sent by a terminal, such as uplink service data. The downlink signal can be understood as downlink communication data sent by a base station, such as downlink broadcast information and downlink service data.

[0010] As an example, the receive (RX) channel can be understood as a path through which the base station receives the uplink signal. The transmit (TX) channel can be understood as a path through which the base station transmits the downlink signal.

[0011] In the technical solution, the number of antenna elements in the first antenna subarray can be greater than or equal to the first antenna threshold, so as to improve the gain of the first antenna subarray in receiving the uplink signal. The number of RX channels can be greater than or equal to the first channel threshold, so as to improve the degree of freedom of the first antenna subarray, thereby generating a narrow beam and improving the gain of the first antenna subarray in receiving the uplink signal. The number of RX channels being greater than or equal to the first channel threshold can include the number of RX channels in a vertical direction being greater than or equal to the first channel threshold. When the number of RX channels in the vertical direction is greater than or equal to the first channel threshold, the degree of freedom of the first antenna subarray in the vertical direction can be increased, and the scanning angle of the beam in the vertical direction can be improved, so as to support the uplink transmission of an aerial terminal. The first antenna threshold and the first channel threshold can be set according to actual requirements, which are not limited here.

[0012] In the technical solution, the number of antenna units in the second antenna subarray can be less than or equal to the second antenna threshold, for example, the number of antenna units in the horizontal direction of the second antenna subarray can be less than or equal to the second antenna threshold, so that the second antenna subarray can generate a wide beam in the horizontal direction to reduce the number of beam switches when the terminal moves at high speed in the horizontal direction; the number of TX channels can be less than or equal to the second channel threshold, for example, the number of TX channels in the horizontal direction can be less than or equal to the second channel threshold, so that the second antenna subarray can generate a wide beam in the horizontal direction to reduce the number of beam switches when the terminal moves at high speed in the horizontal direction. It should be noted that since the terminal moves at high speed in the horizontal direction, when the horizontal beam is a wide beam, the number of wide beams required when scanning the same scanning angle is less than the number of narrow beams, so when a wide beam is used for downlink transmission in the horizontal direction, the number of beam switches can be reduced, thereby improving the stability and continuity of communication. In the embodiments of the present application, the antenna unit can also be referred to as an antenna element. The second antenna threshold and the second channel threshold can be set according to actual needs, which are not limited herein.

[0013] In the technical solution, since the number of antenna units in the second antenna subarray is less than or equal to the second antenna threshold, the gain of the second antenna subarray is low, so the transmission power of the TX channel can be greater than or equal to the power threshold to improve the transmission gain of the second antenna subarray, thereby improving the coverage capability of the downlink signal. The power threshold can be set according to actual needs, which is not limited herein.

[0014] In the technical solution, the base station can receive uplink signals based on the first connection relationship and transmit downlink signals based on the second connection relationship, and the first connection relationship is different from the second connection relationship, so that when the base station communicates with the terminal, different working modes can be used for uplink transmission and downlink transmission, thereby providing a stable downlink transmission rate for the high-speed moving terminal while meeting the coverage demand of the downlink signal, improving the beam gain in the uplink transmission process, increasing the scanning angle of the beam in the vertical direction, and supporting the terminal in the air, thereby improving the communication performance.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, for each RX channel in the RX channel, the first connection relationship includes: the each RX channel is connected with one antenna unit in the horizontal direction of the first antenna subarray; and the each RX channel is connected with W antenna units in the vertical direction of the first antenna subarray, W being a positive integer less than or equal to a third antenna threshold.

[0016] In this implementation, each RX channel can be connected with one antenna element in the horizontal direction of the first antenna subarray, so as to increase the horizontal degree of freedom of the first antenna subarray, so that the first antenna subarray can generate a narrow beam in the horizontal direction, thereby improving the signal strength and scanning angle in the horizontal direction.

[0017] In this implementation, the vertical degree of freedom of the first antenna subarray can be increased by limiting the number of antenna elements in the vertical direction of the first antenna subarray driven by the RX channel, so as to increase the scanning angle of the beam in the vertical direction, thereby enabling the base station to simultaneously provide network services for ground terminals and air terminals. In addition, the increase of the vertical degree of freedom of the first antenna subarray enables the first antenna subarray to generate a narrow beam in the vertical direction, thereby improving the reception gain of the first antenna subarray for the uplink signal in the vertical direction. The third antenna threshold value can be set according to actual needs, which is not limited here.

[0018] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, for each TX channel of the TX channels, the second connection relationship includes that the TX channel is connected with one antenna element in the horizontal direction of the second antenna subarray; and the TX channel is connected with a plurality of antenna elements in the vertical direction of the second antenna subarray.

[0019] In this implementation, each TX channel can be connected with one antenna element in the horizontal direction of the second antenna subarray, so as to improve the beam scanning range of the second antenna subarray 621 in the horizontal direction.

[0020] In this implementation, since the number of TX channels is less than or equal to the second channel threshold value, each TX channel can drive a plurality of antenna elements in the vertical direction of the second antenna subarray, so as to improve the beam gain of the second antenna subarray in the vertical direction. In some embodiments, considering that the air terminal mainly performs uplink transmission and has less demand for downlink transmission, the main lobe energy of the downlink beam in the vertical direction can be mainly used to serve the ground terminal, and the side lobe or reflected energy can be used to support the basic downlink transmission of the air terminal.

[0021] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first antenna subarray and the second antenna subarray are included in a set of antenna arrays; or the first antenna subarray and the second antenna subarray are two independent sets of antenna arrays.

[0022] In this implementation, the first antenna subarray and the second antenna subarray can be integrated in a set of antenna arrays, or can be two independent sets of antenna arrays, thereby improving the design flexibility of the first antenna subarray and the second antenna subarray.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present application provides a transceiving system, comprising: RX channels, TX channels, a first antenna subarray and a second antenna subarray; the RX channels are connected with the first antenna subarray through a first connection relationship, and are used to receive first signals; the TX channels are connected with the second antenna subarray through a second connection relationship, and are used to send second signals, the first connection relationship is different from the second connection relationship; wherein the number of antenna units in the first antenna subarray is greater than or equal to a first antenna threshold, the number of antenna units in the second antenna subarray is less than or equal to a second antenna threshold, the number of RX channels is greater than or equal to a first channel threshold, the number of TX channels is less than or equal to a second channel threshold, and the power of TX power amplifier in the TX channel is greater than or equal to a power threshold.

[0024] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, for each RX channel in the RX channels, the first connection relationship comprises: the each RX channel is connected with one antenna unit in the first antenna subarray in a horizontal direction; and the each RX channel is connected with W antenna units in the first antenna subarray in a vertical direction, W being a positive integer less than or equal to a third antenna threshold.

[0025] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, for each TX channel in the TX channels, the second connection relationship comprises: the each TX channel is connected with one antenna unit in the second antenna subarray in a horizontal direction; and the each TX channel is connected with a plurality of antenna units in the second antenna subarray in a vertical direction.

[0026] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first antenna subarray and the second antenna subarray are contained in a set of antenna arrays; or the first antenna subarray and the second antenna subarray are two independent sets of antenna arrays.

[0027] In a third aspect, the present application provides a transceiving device, comprising the transceiving system in the second aspect and a baseband processing unit (BBU), wherein the transceiving system is connected with the BBU.

[0028] In combination with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the transceiving device can comprise: a first module, a second module and a BBU, wherein the first module is connected with the second module and the BBU respectively; the first module comprises a first antenna subarray, RX channels and TX channels not comprising TX power amplifiers in the transceiving system, the second module comprises a second antenna subarray and the TX power amplifiers in the transceiving system, and the second antenna subarray is connected with the TX power amplifiers.

[0029] In the implementation, the TX power amplifier is arranged separately from other devices in the TX channel, so that the implementation cost can be reduced when the transmission power requirement of the downlink signal is high. It should be noted that when the transmission power requirement of the downlink signal is high, the design requirements for the volume and heat dissipation of the TX power amplifier are high, and therefore, the implementation cost can be reduced when the TX power amplifier is arranged independently.

[0030] With reference to the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the transceiving device can include a third module, a fourth module and a BBU, wherein the BBU is connected to the third module and the fourth module respectively; the third module includes a first antenna subarray and an RX channel in the transceiving system, and the fourth module includes a second antenna subarray and a TX channel in the transceiving system.

[0031] In the implementation, the fourth module can be directly connected to the BBU without being connected to the third module, so that the deployment freedom of the third module and the fourth module can be improved.

[0032] With reference to the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the transceiving device can include a fifth module and a BBU, wherein the fifth module is connected to the BBU; the fifth module includes an RX channel, a TX channel, a first antenna subarray and a second antenna subarray in the transceiving system, and the first antenna subarray and the second antenna subarray are included in a set of antenna arrays.

[0033] In the implementation, the first antenna subarray and the second antenna subarray are integrated into a set of antenna arrays, so that the transceiving antenna array is integrated, and the fifth module is only connected to the BBU, so that the deployment flexibility of the fifth module is high.

[0034] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a base station including the transceiving system in the second aspect or the transceiving device in the third aspect.

[0035] The technical effects that can be achieved by any one of the above-mentioned second aspect to fourth aspect and any one of the possible designs thereof are described above with reference to the technical effects that can be brought by the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna array of a base station in an MM form;

[0037] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a beam generated by a base station in an MM form;

[0038] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna array of a base station in an RRU form;

[0039] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a beam generated by a base station in an RRU form;

[0040] FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a communication system to which embodiments of the application are applicable;

[0041] FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a transceiving system provided by embodiments of the application;

[0042] FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a first antenna subarray and beams provided by embodiments of the application;

[0043] FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of a second antenna subarray and beams provided by embodiments of the application;

[0044] FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of an antenna array provided by embodiments of the application;

[0045] FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of a transceiving device provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0046] FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of a transceiving device provided by another embodiment of the application;

[0047] FIG. 12 is a schematic illustration of a transceiving device provided by yet another embodiment of the application;

[0048] FIG. 13 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the application.

[0049] The above-described drawings help to illustrate specific embodiments of the application, which will be described in greater detail below. The drawings and text are not intended to restrict the scope of the inventive concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the inventive concept for the benefit of those skilled in the art by reference to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein with reference to the attached drawings. The description of the exemplary embodiments is intended to apply to various alternative embodiments of the application. It is to be understood that features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment can be provided with one or more of the other embodiments as well. Variations to embodiments can be made and would be obvious to those having the benefit of this disclosure. Accordingly, the phrasing "in one embodiment" or variants thereof is not used throughout the disclosure to describe features that are alternative. The above summary, as well as the following detailed description, is further defined by the claims, which follow this disclosure.

[0051] With the development of terminal technology, terminals have put forward higher requirements on wireless communication systems in terms of transmission rate and performance. There are two different forms of base stations in a wireless communication system, such as a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) form of base station and a remote radio unit (RRU) form of base station. Among them, the MIMO form of base station is a wireless communication base station using MIMO technology. The RRU form of base station is a wireless communication base station using RRU and baseband unit (BBU) separation design. The MIMO form of base station can be simply referred to as the MM form of base station.

[0052] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna array of an MM form of base station. The antenna array shown in Figure 1 includes 8 antenna elements in the horizontal direction and 8 antenna elements in the vertical direction. Among them, the horizontal direction can be understood as the direction parallel to the ground, and the horizontal direction can also be referred to as the horizontal dimension. The vertical direction can be understood as the direction perpendicular to the ground, and the vertical direction can also be referred to as the vertical dimension. In this embodiment, the antenna element can also be referred to as an antenna unit.

[0053] As shown in Figure 1, one antenna element in the horizontal direction of the antenna array is connected with one channel, or in other words, one channel drives one antenna element in the horizontal direction, and the horizontal degree of freedom of the antenna array is 8, and the base station can independently adjust the phase and amplitude of each antenna element in the horizontal direction. Four antenna elements in the vertical direction of the antenna array are connected with one channel, or in other words, one channel drives four antenna elements in the vertical direction, and the vertical degree of freedom of the antenna array is 2, and the base station can uniformly adjust the phase and amplitude of the four antenna elements connected with the same channel in the vertical direction. The channel can be a radio frequency (RF) channel. For example, the channel can include a transmit (TX) channel and a receive (RX) channel. The TX channel can be understood as the path of the base station transmitting downlink signals. For example, the TX channel can include a digital-to-analog converter, an up-converter, a filter, a power amplifier, and the like. The RX channel can be understood as the path of the base station transmitting downlink signals. For example, the RX channel can include a low-noise amplifier, a filter, a mixer, and an analog-to-digital converter, and the like. The power amplifier can be simply referred to as a power amplifier.

[0054] In some embodiments, the horizontal degree of freedom can be understood as the capability of the antenna array to adjust the direction of a beam in a horizontal plane, which can be understood as a plane parallel to the ground. The base station can adjust the phase and amplitude of the antenna array in the horizontal direction by adjusting the horizontal degree of freedom, so that the antenna array can scan and cover different azimuth angles in the horizontal direction. The azimuth angle refers to the directional parameter of the beam in the horizontal plane. The vertical degree of freedom can be understood as the capability of the antenna array to adjust the direction of a beam in a vertical plane, which can be understood as a plane perpendicular to the ground. The base station can adjust the phase and amplitude of the antenna array in the vertical direction by adjusting the vertical degree of freedom, so that the antenna array can scan and cover different elevation angles in the vertical direction. The elevation angle refers to the directional parameter of the beam in the vertical plane. It should be noted that the beam can be understood as a kind of communication resource, for example, the base station can communicate with the terminal through the beam. The technology of generating the beam can be called beamforming technology. The base station can adjust the phase and amplitude of each antenna element in the antenna array by beamforming technology, so that the electromagnetic waves received or transmitted by the antenna elements are coherently superimposed in a certain direction, thereby generating a beam with a certain directivity and shape.

[0055] FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the beams generated by the base station in the MM form. The beams in FIG. 2 are generated based on the antenna array in FIG. 1. The beam shown in (a) of FIG. 2 is a horizontal beam generated by the base station, and the beam shown in (b) of FIG. 2 is a vertical beam generated by the base station. The horizontal beam can be understood as a beam generated by the base station in the horizontal direction by beamforming, and the vertical beam can be understood as a beam generated by the base station in the vertical direction by beamforming. As shown in FIG. 2, both the horizontal beam and the vertical beam are narrow beams, the number of the horizontal beams is 8 (such as beam 0 to beam 7), and the number of the vertical beams is 2 (such as beam 0 to beam 1). The number of the horizontal beams is related to the horizontal degree of freedom, and the number of the vertical beams is related to the vertical degree of freedom.

[0056] It can be seen that the scanning angle of the horizontal beam is greater than that of the vertical beam, which is caused by the fact that one channel drives multiple antenna elements in the vertical direction. It should be noted that when one channel drives multiple antenna elements in the vertical direction, the phase of each antenna element in the multiple antenna elements cannot be independently adjusted, thereby limiting the scanning angle of the beam in the vertical direction. The scanning angle refers to the range of angles that the beam can adjust in a certain plane.

[0057] It should be noted that the base station in the MM form can perform beamforming in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction at the same time to generate a narrow beam in the spatial sense to achieve efficient signal transmission and coverage. For the convenience of description, the narrow beam in the spatial sense is referred to as a first beam. The first beam can be understood as a joint beam of a horizontal beam and a vertical beam, and the horizontal beam and the vertical beam can be understood as components of the first beam in the horizontal plane and the vertical plane, respectively. The first beam is a narrow beam. It should be understood that the first beam can be used for downlink signal transmission or uplink signal transmission.

[0058] To improve the coverage capability of signals in the downlink transmission process, the base station can use multiple narrow beams in a polling or simultaneous generation manner to improve the effective radiation energy in the direction of the beam at each moment. In the polling manner, the base station can use different narrow beams for signal transmission in different time periods in sequence, or in different time instants through different direction narrow beams. In the simultaneous generation manner, the base station can generate multiple narrow beams in different directions at the same time to provide network services for the terminal.

[0059] However, when the base station uses the first beam to send downlink broadcast information or downlink service data for the terminal, there is a problem of frequent beam switching of the high-speed moving terminal, which leads to poor stability and continuity of the communication of the terminal, unstable communication rate, and large power consumption. It should be noted that the terminal needs to constantly measure the signal quality (such as received signal strength indicator (RSSI), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), etc.) of each beam during movement and select the best beam to access, for example, select the beam with the strongest signal strength and the highest signal-to-noise ratio to access, so that the terminal can always be connected to the best beam. Since the first beam is a narrow beam in the horizontal direction, or the angle range of the first beam in the horizontal direction is small, when the terminal moves at a high speed in the horizontal direction, the signal quality of each first beam measured by the terminal at each moment changes all the time, so that the terminal needs to switch the beam every period of time, which leads to a high number of beam switching times of the terminal when moving at a high speed, poor stability of the downlink transmission rate, and poor terminal experience.

[0060] For uplink transmission, in order to increase the coverage distance, the base station can also adopt a multi-beam receiving scheme. For example, the base station can select different first beams for different terminals, so that the base station can always use the beam with the best signal quality to receive the uplink signals sent by different terminals. However, due to the limited scanning angle of the first beam in the vertical direction, and the fact that the uplink beam mainly provides network services for ground terminals, the support of the first beam for aerial terminals such as unmanned aerial vehicles is weak during uplink transmission, which is not conducive to the evolution of future communication networks. Similar to downlink transmission, there will also be problems such as frequent beam switching caused by high-speed movement of terminals, poor stability of uplink transmission rate, etc. during uplink transmission. However, since the data traffic of downlink transmission is usually greater than that of uplink transmission during communication, the communication system has a higher tolerance for the problem of frequent beam switching during uplink transmission, or in other words, the problem of frequent beam switching has a greater impact on downlink transmission than on uplink transmission. It should be understood that the aerial terminal is relative to the ground terminal, and can be low-altitude, medium-altitude or high-altitude, which is not limited here.

[0061] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna array of a base station in the form of an RRU. The antenna array shown in FIG. 3 includes 2 antenna elements in the horizontal direction and 8 antenna elements in the vertical direction. As shown in FIG. 3, 1 antenna element in the horizontal direction of the antenna array is connected with 1 channel, so the horizontal degree of freedom of the antenna array is 2; 8 antenna elements in the vertical direction of the antenna array are connected with 1 channel, so the vertical degree of freedom of the antenna array is 1.

[0062] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of beams generated by a base station in the form of an RRU. The beams in FIG. 4 are generated based on the antenna array in FIG. 3. The beams shown in (a) of FIG. 4 are horizontal beams generated by the base station, and the beams shown in (b) of FIG. 4 are vertical beams generated by the base station. As shown in FIG. 4, the horizontal beams are wide beams, and the vertical beams are narrow beams, the number of horizontal beams is 2 (such as beam 0 to beam 1), and the number of vertical beams is 1 (such as beam 0). As can be seen, the scanning angle of the horizontal beam is greater than that of the vertical beam, and the scanning angle of the vertical beam is limited.

[0063] It should be noted that the base station in the form of RRU can also generate beams in the space, such as the second beam. However, due to the limited scanning angle of the second beam in the vertical direction, the support of the second beam for the aerial terminal such as the unmanned aerial vehicle is weak in the uplink transmission process, which is not conducive to the evolution of future communication networks. In addition, due to the small antenna array of the base station in the form of RRU (such as small size of the antenna array, small number of antenna arrays in the antenna array, etc.), the gain of the antenna array is low, or the gain of the generated beam is low, thereby limiting the coverage distance of the signal in the uplink transmission process. Among them, due to the high power level of the TX channel of the base station in the form of RRU, the coverage ability of the signal in the downlink transmission process is stronger than that in the uplink transmission process.

[0064] In view of the problems of the above two forms of base stations, the present application provides a communication method and related device. In the technical scheme provided by the present application, an asymmetric beam architecture is adopted in uplink and downlink, or different working modes can be adopted in uplink transmission and downlink transmission, thereby meeting the coverage demand while providing stable downlink transmission rate for high-speed moving terminals, improving the beam gain in the uplink transmission process, increasing the scanning angle of the beam in the vertical direction, and supporting the aerial terminal. In the technical scheme provided by the present application, the downlink transmission can adopt a working mode of wide beam and large power amplifier. The downlink transmission mainly uses wide beam to reduce the switching frequency of the beam, support the high-speed movement of the terminal in the horizontal direction, and improve the transmission capability of the power amplifier in the transmission channel, or improve the transmission power of the transmission channel, improve the gain of the antenna array, and meet the overall coverage demand of the downlink signal. This working mode can reduce the switching frequency of the beam while meeting the overall coverage demand of the downlink signal. The uplink transmission adopts a working mode of narrow beam and large aperture. The uplink transmission mainly uses narrow beam to increase the coverage ability of the beam, and uses large aperture to improve the receiving gain of the antenna array. This working mode can improve the extreme receiving capability of the base station and improve the receiving capability of the uplink signal. In addition, considering that the aerial terminal mainly needs uplink service, the number of receiving channels in the vertical direction can be increased, and the number of antenna arrays driven by one channel in the vertical direction can be limited to increase the scanning angle of the beam in the vertical direction, thereby supporting the uplink service demand and uplink transmission rate experience of the aerial terminal. The coverage distance of the beam refers to the maximum distance that the beam can effectively cover in a certain direction.

[0065] Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of a communication system to which embodiments of the present application are applicable. As shown in Figure 5, the communication system 500 can include a radio access network (RAN) 510 and a core network (CN) 520. The RAN 510 can include at least one RAN node (e.g., 530a and 530b in Figure 5, collectively referred to as 530) and at least one terminal (e.g., 540a-540j in Figure 5, collectively referred to as 540). Other RAN nodes, such as wireless relay devices and / or wireless backhaul devices (not shown in Figure 5), etc., can also be included in the RAN 510. The terminals 540 can be connected to the RAN nodes 530 in a wireless manner. The RAN nodes 530 can be connected to the core network 520 in a wireless or wired manner. The core network devices in the core network 520 and the RAN nodes 530 in the RAN 510 can be different physical devices respectively, or can be the same physical device integrated with the logical functions of the core network and the logical functions of the radio access network. In some embodiments, the communication system 500 can also include the Internet 550.

[0066] The RAN 510 can be a 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) related cellular system, e.g., a fourth generation (4G) mobile communication system, a fifth generation (5G) mobile communication system or a future communication system.

[0067] The RAN nodes 530, which can also be referred to as access network devices, RAN entities or access nodes, etc., form part of the communication system and help terminals to access the wireless access. The RAN nodes 530 in the communication system 500 can be the same type of nodes or different types of nodes. In some scenarios, the roles of the RAN nodes 530 and the terminals 540 are relative, e.g., the network element 540i in Figure 5 can be a helicopter or a drone, which can be configured as a mobile base station. For those terminals 540j accessing the RAN 510 through the network element 540i, the network element 540i is a base station; but for the base station 530a, the network element 540i is a terminal. The RAN nodes 510 and the terminals 540 are sometimes referred to as communication apparatuses, e.g., the network elements 530a and 530b in Figure 5 can be understood as communication apparatuses with base station functions, and the network elements 540a-540j can be understood as communication apparatuses with terminal functions.

[0068] In one possible scenario, the RAN node 530 can be a base station, an evolved Node B (eNodeB), an access point (AP), a transmission and receiving point (TRP), a gNB, a base station in a future mobile communication system, etc. The RAN node can be a macro base station (e.g., 530a in Figure 5), a micro base station or an indoor station (e.g., 530b in Figure 5), a relay node or a donor node, or a wireless controller in a CRAN scenario. The RAN node in the present application can also be a logical node, a logical module or software that implements all or part of the functions of the RAN node.

[0069] A terminal can be a device or module with corresponding communication functions to access the above communication system. The terminal can also be referred to as a terminal device, user equipment (UE), mobile station, mobile terminal, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the device form of the terminal. The terminal is usually provided with a communication module, circuit or chip for executing corresponding communication functions. The terminal is also configured with program instructions for executing corresponding communication functions.

[0070] The technical solutions provided by the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with Figures 6 to 13.

[0071] Figure 6 is a schematic illustration of a transceiver system provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 6, the transceiver system 600 includes two subsystems, such as a first system 610 for uplink transmission and a second system 620 for downlink transmission. The first system 610 can include a first antenna subarray 611 and an RX channel 612. The first antenna subarray 611 is connected to the RX channel 612. The second system 620 includes a second antenna subarray 621 and a TX channel 622. The second antenna subarray 621 is connected to the TX channel 622. In some embodiments, the first antenna subarray 611 and the second antenna subarray 621 can be collectively referred to as an antenna array, and the RX channel 612 and the TX channel 622 can be collectively referred to as a transceiver unit, which is not limited herein. It should be understood that the number of RX channels 612 and TX channels 622 is only an example, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0072] As an example, the first antenna subarray 611 can include A antenna elements in the horizontal direction and B antenna elements in the vertical direction, where A and B are positive integers.

[0073] In the embodiment, the number of antenna arrays in the first antenna subarray 611 can be greater than or equal to a first antenna threshold to improve the receiving gain of the first antenna subarray 611. The number of antenna arrays greater than or equal to the first antenna threshold can include at least one of A greater than or equal to the first antenna threshold, B greater than or equal to the first antenna threshold, or A*B greater than or equal to the first antenna threshold, without limitation. The first antenna threshold can be determined according to actual gain requirements, without limitation. For example, A can be determined according to actual gain requirements in the horizontal direction. For another example, B can be determined according to gain requirements in the vertical direction. In some embodiments, the gain requirements in the horizontal direction can be the same as or different from the gain requirements in the vertical direction, without limitation.

[0074] In the embodiment, the number of RX channels 612 can be greater than or equal to a first channel threshold to improve the degrees of freedom of the first antenna subarray 611, so that the first antenna subarray 611 can generate a narrow beam to improve the receiving gain of the first antenna subarray 611. The number of RX channels 612 greater than or equal to the first channel threshold can include at least one of the number of RX channels 612 in the horizontal direction greater than or equal to the first channel threshold, the number of RX channels 612 in the vertical direction greater than or equal to the first channel threshold, or the number of all RX channels 612 greater than or equal to the first channel threshold. The first channel threshold can be determined according to actual requirements, without limitation. In some embodiments, the number of RX channels 612 in the horizontal direction can be the same as or different from the number of RX channels 612 in the vertical direction, without limitation.

[0075] In the embodiment, when the number of RX channels 612 in the vertical direction is greater than or equal to the first channel threshold, the degrees of freedom of the first antenna subarray 611 in the vertical direction can be increased to improve the scanning angle of the beam in the vertical direction to support the uplink transmission of the aerial terminal.

[0076] In the embodiment, the number of antenna arrays in the first antenna subarray 611 can be greater than or equal to a first antenna threshold, and the number of RX channels 612 can be greater than or equal to a first channel threshold to further improve the receiving gain of the first antenna subarray 611.

[0077] In some embodiments, the size of the first antenna subarray 611 can also be greater than or equal to a first size threshold to improve the receiving gain of the first antenna subarray 611. The first size threshold can be set according to actual gain requirements, without limitation.

[0078] As an example, one of the A antenna elements can be connected with 1 RX channel 612 to increase the horizontal degree of freedom of the first antenna subarray 611, so that the first antenna subarray 611 can generate a narrow beam in the horizontal direction to improve the signal strength and coverage in the horizontal direction.

[0079] In this embodiment, W of the B antenna elements can be connected with 1 RX channel 612, and W is a positive integer less than or equal to a third antenna threshold. As an example, W can be 1, 2. The third antenna threshold can be determined according to actual needs, which is not limited here.

[0080] In this embodiment, by limiting the number of antenna elements in the vertical direction of the first antenna subarray 611 driven by the RX channel, the vertical degree of freedom of the first antenna subarray 611 is increased to increase the scanning angle of the beam in the vertical direction, to realize the function of providing network services for ground terminals and air terminals at the same time. In addition, the increase of the vertical degree of freedom of the first antenna subarray 611 can make the first antenna subarray 611 generate a narrow beam in the vertical direction to improve the reception gain of the first antenna subarray 611 to the uplink signal in the vertical direction.

[0081] As an example, the second antenna subarray 621 can include C antenna elements in the horizontal direction and D antenna elements in the vertical direction, and C and D are positive integers.

[0082] In this embodiment, the number of antenna elements in the second antenna subarray 621 is less than or equal to the second antenna threshold, including C less than or equal to the second antenna threshold, so that the second antenna subarray 621 can generate a wide beam in the horizontal direction to reduce the number of beam switches when the terminal moves at high speed in the horizontal direction. It should be noted that since the terminal is moving at high speed in the horizontal direction, when scanning the same scanning angle, the number of wide beams required when the horizontal beam is a wide beam is less than the number of narrow beams, so when using a wide beam in the horizontal direction for downlink transmission, the number of beam switches can be reduced. The second antenna threshold can be determined according to the actual gain requirement, which is not limited here.

[0083] Since the number of antenna elements in the second antenna subarray 621 is less than or equal to the second antenna threshold, the gain of the second antenna subarray 621 is low, so the transmission power of the TX channel can be greater than or equal to a power threshold to improve the transmission gain of the second antenna subarray 621, thereby improving the coverage capability of the downlink signal. The power threshold can be determined according to the actual gain requirement, which is not limited here.

[0084] In this embodiment, the number of TX channels 622 can be less than or equal to a second channel threshold, so that the second antenna subarray 621 can generate a wide beam in the horizontal direction, thereby reducing the number of beam switching when the terminal moves at a high speed in the horizontal direction. The number of TX channels 622 less than or equal to the second channel threshold can include that the number of TX channels 622 in the horizontal direction is less than or equal to the second channel threshold, so that the second antenna subarray 621 can generate a wide beam in the horizontal direction when the TX channels 622 drive the antenna elements in the horizontal direction of the second antenna subarray 621. The second channel threshold can be determined according to actual needs, which is not limited here.

[0085] In this embodiment, the number of antenna elements in the second antenna subarray 621 can be less than or equal to a second antenna threshold, and the number of TX channels 622 can be less than or equal to a second channel threshold, so that the second antenna subarray 621 can generate a wide beam in the horizontal direction, thereby reducing the number of beam switching.

[0086] As an example, one antenna element in C can be connected with 1 TX channel 622, so as to improve the beam scanning range of the second antenna subarray 621 in the horizontal direction.

[0087] As an example, multiple antenna elements in D can be connected with 1 TX channel 622, so as to improve the beam gain of the second antenna subarray 621 in the vertical direction.

[0088] It should be noted that the first antenna threshold and the second antenna threshold can be the same or different, which is not limited here. The first channel threshold and the second channel threshold can be the same or different, which is not limited here.

[0089] In some embodiments, considering that the air terminal is mainly based on uplink transmission, the demand for downlink transmission is less, so the main lobe energy of the downlink beam generated by the second antenna subarray 621 can be mainly used to serve the ground terminal, and the sidelobe or reflected energy is used to support the basic downlink transmission of the air terminal. Wherein, the main lobe and the sidelobe are terms used to describe the radiation intensity in different directions of the radiation pattern of the antenna array. The main lobe refers to the part with the maximum radiation intensity in the radiation pattern, which is usually directed to the main radiation direction of the antenna array, and the sidelobe refers to the part with smaller radiation intensity other than the main lobe.

[0090] In the embodiment, the first system 610 is configured to receive uplink signals, and the uplink signals can be uplink service data. The second system 620 is configured to send downlink signals, and the downlink signals can be downlink broadcast signals or uplink service data. It should be understood that, in the embodiment, the first system 610 adopts a large surface, multiple channels and narrow beams to improve the coverage of the uplink signals, and can provide network services for air terminals. The second system 620 adopts a small surface, fewer channels and high power to reduce the beam switching times of the terminal in high-speed movement, and meet the coverage requirements of the downlink signals.

[0091] In some embodiments, the first system can also be referred to as an uplink narrow beam scanning subsystem, and the second system can also be referred to as a downlink wide beam coverage subsystem, which is not limited in the present application. It should be understood that the uplink beam and the downlink beam are asymmetric.

[0092] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a first antenna subarray and a beam according to an embodiment of the present application. The first antenna subarray shown in (a) of FIG. 7 includes 8 antenna elements in the horizontal direction and 8 antenna elements in the vertical direction. One antenna element in the horizontal direction is connected to one RX channel, and the horizontal degree of freedom of the antenna array is 8. Two antenna elements in the vertical direction are connected to one RX channel, and the vertical degree of freedom of the antenna array is 4. The beam shown in (b) of FIG. 7 is a vertical beam generated based on the first antenna subarray, or in other words, the beam shown in (b) of FIG. 7 is a mapping of the beam generated based on the first antenna subarray in the vertical direction. As shown in (b) of FIG. 7, the number of vertical beams is 4 (such as beam 0 to beam 3), and the vertical beam is a narrow beam. It should be understood that the first antenna subarray shown in FIG. 7 is only an example and does not limit the technical solutions of the present application.

[0093] Compared with the base station in the form of MM and the base station in the form of RRU, in the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the number of RX channels in the vertical direction is increased, and the number of antenna elements driven by each RX channel is reduced, so that the vertical degree of freedom of the first antenna subarray is increased, the scanning angle of the beam in the vertical direction is increased, and the air terminal and the ground terminal can be supported at the same time, or in other words, the network services can be provided for the air terminal and the ground terminal at the same time.

[0094] Compared with the base station in the form of RRU, in the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, a large surface form is adopted, or in other words, the number of antenna elements in the antenna array is increased, and the number of RX channels is increased, so that the gain of the first antenna subarray is improved, and the receiving capability of the uplink signal is improved.

[0095] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a second antenna subarray and a beam according to an embodiment of the present application. The second antenna subarray shown in (a) of FIG. 8 includes 2 antenna elements in the horizontal direction and 8 antenna elements in the vertical direction. One antenna element in the horizontal direction is connected to one TX channel, and the horizontal degree of freedom of the antenna array is 2. Eight antenna elements in the vertical direction are connected to one TX channel, and the vertical degree of freedom of the antenna array is 1. The beam shown in (b) of FIG. 8 is a horizontal beam generated based on the second antenna subarray, or in other words, the beam shown in (b) of FIG. 8 is a mapping of the beam generated based on the second antenna subarray in the horizontal direction. As shown in (b) of FIG. 8, the number of horizontal beams is 2 (e.g., beam 0 to beam 1), and the horizontal beam is a wide beam. It should be understood that the second antenna subarray shown in FIG. 8 is only an example and does not limit the technical solutions of the present application.

[0096] Compared with the base station in the MM mode, in the technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present application, a wide beam is used in the horizontal direction for downlink transmission, so as to reduce the number of beam switching when the terminal moves at a high speed in the horizontal direction.

[0097] In the embodiments, in the downlink transmission process, the main lobe energy of the downlink beam generated by the second antenna subarray is mainly used for serving the ground terminal, and the sidelobe or reflected energy is used to maintain the basic downlink transmission of the air terminal.

[0098] In the embodiments of the present application, the first antenna subarray and the second antenna subarray can be two independent antenna arrays.

[0099] In a possible implementation, the first antenna subarray and the second antenna subarray can be integrated in one antenna array, the antenna array is connected to the RX channel and the TX channel respectively, and the connection mode of the antenna array to the RX channel is different from the connection mode of the antenna array to the TX channel.

[0100] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an antenna array according to the present application. As shown in FIG. 9, the first antenna subarray and the second antenna subarray are integrated in one antenna array. The first antenna subarray is connected to the RX channel, and the second antenna subarray is connected to the TX channel. It can be seen that the number of antenna elements in the first antenna array is greater than the number of antenna elements in the second antenna subarray, and the number of RX channels is greater than the number of TX channels. The number of antenna elements driven by the RX channel in the vertical direction is less than the number of antenna elements driven by the TX channel in the vertical direction.

[0101] In a possible implementation, the transceiving system in the embodiments of the present application can be located in a transceiving device. The transceiving device can further include a baseband processing unit (BBU), and the transceiving system can be connected to the BBU.

[0102] Figure 10 is a schematic illustration of a transceiver device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 10, the transceiver device 1000 includes a first module 1010, a second module 1020 and a BBU. As shown in Figure 10, the first module 1010 can include a first antenna subarray, RX channels and part of TX channels in a transceiver system; the second module 1020 can include a second antenna subarray and TX power amplifiers in the transceiver system. The first antenna subarray and the second antenna subarray in the transceiver device 1000 are two independent antenna arrays.

[0103] In the embodiment, the first module 1010 is connected with the second module 1020 and the BBU respectively. It should be understood that the part of TX channels can be understood as other devices in the TX channels except the TX power amplifiers.

[0104] The first module 1010 is configured to transmit a signal 1 between the first module 1010 and the BBU. The signal 1 can include an uplink signal (such as uplink communication data) or a downlink signal (such as downlink communication data), or in other words, the first module 1010 can implement all functions of a receiving link and part of functions of a transmitting link. For example, the first antenna subarray in the first module 1010 is connected with the RX channels, and the RX channels are connected with the BBU, so as to transmit the uplink signal received by the first antenna subarray to the BBU. For another example, part of the TX channels in the first module 1010 are connected with the BBU, part of the TX channels are connected with the TX power amplifiers in the second module 1020, and the TX power amplifiers are connected with the second antenna subarray, so as to transmit the downlink signal generated by the BBU to the second antenna subarray and transmit the downlink signal through the second antenna subarray. The first module 1010 is configured to implement part of functions of the transmitting link, for example, transmitting the downlink signal generated by the BBU to the TX power amplifiers in the second module 1020 (such as a signal 2), and the TX power amplifiers can amplify the received downlink signal to improve the coverage ability of the downlink signal. It should be noted that the connection relationship between the first antenna subarray in the first module 1010 and the RX channels can be specifically referred to the related description in Figures 6 and 7, which will not be described here. The first module 1010 can implement the narrow beam function under the uplink space-ground integrated coverage. The connection relationship between the second antenna subarray in the second module 1020 and the TX channels can be specifically referred to the related description in Figures 6 and 8, which will not be described here. The second module 1020 can implement the wide beam function with high power.

[0105] In some embodiments, the first antenna subarray is connected with the RX channels, which can be understood as that the first antenna subarray is connected with low noise amplifiers in the RX channels, and the RX channels are connected with the BBU, which can be understood as that analog-to-digital converters in the RX channels are connected with the BBU.

[0106] In some embodiments, the second antenna subarray is connected with the TX channel, which can be understood as that the second antenna subarray is connected with a power amplifier in the TX channel, and the TX channel is connected with the BBU, which can be understood as that a digital-to-analog converter in the TX channel is connected with the BBU.

[0107] In the embodiment, by independently arranging the TX power amplifier, the implementation cost can be reduced when the transmission power requirement of the downlink signal is high. It should be noted that when the transmission power requirement of the downlink signal is high, the design requirements for the volume and heat dissipation of the TX power amplifier are high, and therefore, when the TX power amplifier is independently arranged, the implementation cost can be reduced. In the embodiment, signals need to be transmitted between the first module and the second module, and therefore, the deployment freedom of the first module and the second module is low.

[0108] FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of a transceiving device provided in another embodiment of the application. As shown in FIG. 11, the transceiving device 1100 includes a third module 1110, a fourth module 1120, and a BBU. As shown in FIG. 11, the third module 1110 can include a first antenna subarray and an RX channel in a transceiving system, and the fourth module 1120 can include a second antenna subarray and a TX channel in the transceiving system. The first antenna subarray and the second antenna subarray in the transceiving device 1100 are two independent antenna arrays.

[0109] In the embodiment, the BBU can be connected with the third module 1110 and the fourth module 1120 respectively. The third module 1110 can implement all functions of a receiving link, and the fourth module 1120 can implement all functions of a transmitting link. For example, the first antenna subarray in the third module 1110 is connected with the RX channel, and the RX channel is connected with the BBU, so that an uplink signal (such as signal 1) received by the first antenna subarray is transmitted to the BBU. For another example, the second antenna subarray in the fourth module 1120 is connected with the TX channel, and the TX channel is connected with the BBU, so that a downlink signal (such as signal 2) generated by the BBU is transmitted through the second antenna subarray. It should be noted that the connection relationship between the first antenna subarray in the third module 1110 and the RX channel can be referred to the related description in FIGS. 6 and 7, which will not be described herein. The third module 1110 can implement a narrow beam function under uplink air-ground integrated coverage. The connection relationship between the second antenna subarray in the fourth module 1120 and the TX channel can be referred to the related description in FIGS. 6 and 8, which will not be described herein. The fourth module 1120 can implement a downlink wide beam function.

[0110] Compared with the transceiving device shown in FIG. 10, the transceiving device shown in FIG. 11 has the fourth module directly connected with the BBU without the need of being connected with the third module, so that the deployment freedom of the third module and the fourth module can be improved.

[0111] Fig. 12 is a schematic illustration of a transceiver device according to another embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 12, the transceiver device 1200 includes a fifth module 1210 and a BBU. As shown in Fig. 12, the fifth module can include an RX channel, a TX channel and an antenna array in the transceiver system. It should be understood that the antenna array in the transceiver device 1200 can be a set of antenna array in which the first antenna subarray and the second antenna subarray are integrated together, such as the antenna array shown in Fig. 9.

[0112] In the embodiment, the fifth module 1210 can implement all functions of the receiving link and the transmitting link, such as the power amplification function of the transmitting link. The fifth module 1210 is configured to transmit a signal 1 to the BBU, and the signal 1 can include an uplink signal (such as uplink communication data) or a downlink signal (such as downlink communication data). For example, the antenna array in the fifth module 1210 is connected to the RX channel, and the RX channel is connected to the BBU, so as to transmit the uplink signal received by the antenna array to the BBU. In this example, the antenna array is configured to implement the function of the first antenna subarray. For another example, the antenna array in the fifth module 1210 is connected to the TX channel, and the TX channel is connected to the BBU, so as to transmit the downlink signal generated by the BBU through the antenna array. In this example, the antenna array is configured to implement the function of the second antenna subarray. It should be understood that the connection relationship between the antenna array and the RX channel can refer to the connection relationship between the first antenna subarray and the RX channel in Figs. 6 to 9, and the connection relationship between the antenna array and the TX channel can refer to the connection relationship between the second antenna subarray and the TX channel in Figs. 6 to 9, which will not be described herein. It should be understood that the fifth module 1210 can generate asymmetric beams for uplink transmission and downlink transmission, or in other words, can generate asymmetric beams for transmission and reception.

[0113] In the embodiment, the first antenna subarray and the second antenna subarray are integrated into a set of antenna array, the transceiver antenna array is integrated together, the fifth module is only connected to the BBU, and the deployment flexibility of the fifth module is high, but the implementation difficulty is high. It should be understood that the transceiver devices shown in Figs. 10 to 12 all have the beneficial effects of the transceiver devices shown in Figs. 6 to 9.

[0114] It should be understood that the arrangement of each device in the transceiver device shown in Figs. 10 to 12 is only an example, and other arrangements can also be used, which are not limited in the present application. The number of modules in the transceiver device and the number of devices in each module are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0115] The transceiver system or the transceiver device provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied to the RAN node (such as a base station) in Fig. 5.

[0116] Fig. 13 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication method can be applied to the network side, such as

[0117] The network side base station, a module (such as a circuit, a chip or a chip system, etc.) in the base station, or a logic node, a logic module or software capable of realizing all or part of the base station function. Taking the method applied to the base station as an example, the base station includes the transceiver system or the transceiver device in the foregoing embodiments. As shown in FIG. 13, the method can include S1301 and S1302.

[0118] S1301, receiving a first signal based on a first connection relationship, the first connection relationship being a connection relationship between an RX channel and a first antenna subarray.

[0119] In this embodiment, the first signal can be an uplink signal, which can be understood as uplink communication data sent by a terminal, such as uplink service data, etc. The base station can receive the uplink signal based on the first connection relationship, and the first connection relationship can be understood as a connection relationship between the RX channel and the first antenna subarray. For details, reference can be made to the related content in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0120] The number of antenna units in the first antenna subarray can be greater than or equal to a first antenna threshold, so as to improve the gain of the first antenna subarray in receiving the uplink signal. The number of RX channels can be greater than or equal to a first channel threshold, so as to improve the degree of freedom of the first antenna subarray, thereby generating a narrow beam and improving the gain of the first antenna subarray in receiving the uplink signal. The first antenna threshold and the first channel threshold can be set according to actual needs, which are not limited here.

[0121] The number of RX channels being greater than or equal to the first channel threshold can include that the number of RX channels in the vertical direction is greater than or equal to the first channel threshold, so as to increase the degree of freedom of the first antenna subarray in the vertical direction and increase the scanning angle of the beam in the vertical direction, so as to support the uplink transmission of the terminal in the air.

[0122] S1302, transmitting a second signal based on a second connection relationship, the second connection relationship being a connection relationship between a TX channel and a second antenna subarray.

[0123] In this embodiment, the second signal can be a downlink signal. The downlink signal can be understood as downlink communication data sent by the base station, such as downlink broadcast information, downlink service data, etc. The base station can transmit the downlink signal based on the second connection relationship, and the second connection relationship is a connection relationship between the TX channel and the second antenna subarray. For details, reference can be made to the related content in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0124] The quantity of the antenna units in the second antenna subarray in the horizontal direction is less than or equal to the second antenna threshold, so that a wide beam can be generated in the horizontal direction to reduce the switching times of the beam when the terminal moves at a high speed in the horizontal direction. The quantity of the TX channels in the horizontal direction is less than or equal to the second channel threshold, so that the second antenna subarray can generate a wide beam in the horizontal direction to reduce the switching times of the beam when the terminal moves at a high speed in the horizontal direction. It should be noted that, since the terminal moves at a high speed in the horizontal direction, the quantity of the wide beams required when scanning the same scanning angle is less than the quantity of the narrow beams when the horizontal beam is a wide beam, so that the switching times of the beam can be reduced when the wide beam is used for downlink transmission in the horizontal direction, thereby improving the stability and continuity of the communication. The second antenna threshold and the second channel threshold can be set according to actual requirements, which are not limited herein.

[0125] In the embodiment, the transmission power of the TX channel is greater than or equal to the power threshold, so as to improve the transmission gain of the second antenna subarray, thereby improving the coverage capability of the downlink signal. The power threshold can be set according to actual requirements, which is not limited herein.

[0126] In the embodiment, the base station can receive the uplink signal based on the first connection relationship and transmit the downlink signal based on the second connection relationship, and the first connection relationship is different from the second connection relationship, so that the uplink transmission and the downlink transmission can adopt different working modes when the base station communicates with the terminal, thereby providing a stable downlink transmission rate for the high-speed moving terminal while meeting the coverage requirement of the downlink signal, improving the beam gain in the uplink transmission process, and increasing the scanning angle of the beam in the vertical direction to support the aerial terminal. The technical scheme provided in the embodiment can improve the communication performance of the system.

[0127] In order to clearly describe the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application, in the embodiments of the present application, the same items or similar items with basically the same functions and effects are distinguished by using "first", "second", etc. For example, the first port and the second port are only used to distinguish different ports, and do not limit the sequence. Those skilled in the art can understand that the "first", "second" and the like do not limit the quantity and execution sequence, and the "first", "second" and the like do not necessarily mean different.

[0128] It should be noted that the terms "exemplary" and "for example" are used herein to mean "an example of" or "one example among others." Any embodiment or design scheme described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Rather, the use of the terms "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0129] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "multiple" means two or more. The association relationship of "and / or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent the following three cases: A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after it. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0130] It can be understood that the various numbers involved in the embodiments of the present application are only distinguished for the convenience of description, and do not limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0131] It can be understood that the size of the serial number of each process in the embodiments of the present application does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined according to its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0132] The above implementation, structural schematic diagram or simulation schematic diagram is only illustrative of the technical scheme of the present application, and the size ratio thereof does not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the technical scheme. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principles of the above embodiments should be included in the protection scope of the technical scheme.

Claims

1. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method comprises: receiving a first signal based on a first connection relationship, the first connection relationship being a connection relationship between a receiving RX channel and a first antenna subarray; sending a second signal based on a second connection relationship, the second connection relationship being a connection relationship between a sending TX channel and a second antenna subarray, the first connection relationship being different from the second connection relationship; wherein the number of antenna elements in the first antenna subarray is greater than or equal to a first antenna threshold, the number of antenna elements in the second antenna subarray is less than or equal to a second antenna threshold, the number of RX channels is greater than or equal to a first channel threshold, the number of TX channels is less than or equal to a second channel threshold, and the power of a TX power amplifier in the TX channel is greater than or equal to a power threshold.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, For each RX channel of the RX channels, the first connection relationship comprises: the each RX channel is connected to one antenna element in the first antenna subarray in a horizontal direction; the each RX channel is connected to W antenna elements in the first antenna subarray in a vertical direction, W being a positive integer less than or equal to a third antenna threshold.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, For each TX channel of the TX channels, the second connection relationship comprises: the each TX channel is connected to one antenna element in the second antenna subarray in a horizontal direction; the each TX channel is connected to a plurality of antenna elements in the second antenna subarray in a vertical direction.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The first antenna subarray and the second antenna subarray are included in a set of antenna arrays; or The first antenna subarray and the second antenna subarray are two independent sets of antenna arrays.

5. A transceiving system characterized by, Comprise: a receiving RX channel, a sending TX channel, a first antenna subarray, and a second antenna subarray; the RX channel is connected to the first antenna subarray through a first connection relationship, and is configured to receive a first signal; the TX channel is connected to the second antenna subarray through a second connection relationship, and is configured to send a second signal, the first connection relationship being different from the second connection relationship; wherein the number of antenna elements in the first antenna subarray is greater than or equal to a first antenna threshold, the number of antenna elements in the second antenna subarray is less than or equal to a second antenna threshold, the number of RX channels is greater than or equal to a first channel threshold, the number of TX channels is less than or equal to a second channel threshold, and the power of a TX power amplifier in the TX channel is greater than or equal to a power threshold.

6. The transceiving system of claim 5, wherein, For each RX channel of the RX channels, the first connection relationship comprises: the each RX channel is connected to one antenna element in the first antenna subarray in a horizontal direction; the each RX channel is connected to W antenna elements in the first antenna subarray in a vertical direction, W being a positive integer less than or equal to a third antenna threshold.

7. The transceiving system of claim 5 or 6, wherein, For each TX channel of the TX channels, the second connection relationship comprises: the each TX channel is connected to one antenna element in the second antenna subarray in a horizontal direction; the each TX channel is connected to a plurality of antenna elements in the second antenna subarray in a vertical direction.

8. The transceiving system of any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein, The first antenna subarray and the second antenna subarray are included in a set of antenna arrays; or The first antenna subarray and the second antenna subarray are two independent sets of antenna arrays.

9. A transceiver device, characterized by The transceiver system and the baseband processing unit (BBU) as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein the transceiver system is connected to the BBU.

10. The transceiving device of claim 9, wherein, The transceiver system and the baseband processing unit (BBU) as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein the transceiver system is connected to the BBU. The first module, the second module and the BBU, wherein the first module is connected to the second module and the BBU respectively; The first module includes a first antenna subarray, a receive (RX) channel and a transmit (TX) channel without a TX power amplifier (TX PA) in the transceiver system, the second module includes a second antenna subarray and the TX PA in the transceiver system, and the second antenna subarray is connected to the TX PA.

11. The transceiving device of claim 9, wherein, The third module, the fourth module and the BBU, wherein the BBU is connected to the third module and the fourth module respectively; The third module includes a first antenna subarray and a RX channel in the transceiver system, and the fourth module includes a second antenna subarray and a TX channel in the transceiver system. The fifth module and the BBU, wherein the fifth module is connected to the BBU; 12. The transceiving device of claim 9, wherein, The fifth module includes a RX channel, a TX channel, a first antenna subarray and a second antenna subarray in the transceiver system, and the first antenna subarray and the second antenna subarray are included in a set of antenna arrays. The transceiver system as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 8 or the transceiver apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 9 to 12. ​ 13. A base station, characterized by ​

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