Antenna, communication device, and communication system

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of communications. Provided are an antenna, a communication device, and a communication system for solving the problem that the network performance of an antenna is poor. The antenna provided in the present application comprises a radome, a reflective plate, and a rotating mechanism. The reflective plate is located in the radome, one surface of the reflective plate is provided with a radiating array, and the radiating array comprises a plurality of radiating elements. The rotating mechanism is connected between the radome and the reflecting plate. The rotating mechanism is used for driving the reflective plate to rotate so as to change the pitch angle of the reflective plate. In the antenna provided in the present application, the rotating mechanism is used for effectively mounting the reflective plate in the radome, and enables the pitch angle of the reflective plate to be adjusted. Meanwhile, the radiating elements fixed on a reflective surface would act with the reflective plate, so that a beam of the radiating array can be adjusted in the pitch direction, thereby changing a horizontal beam width of the radiating array, and accordingly effectively optimizing the network performance of the antenna.

Description

An antenna, a communication device, and a communication system

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411136949.4, filed on August 16, 2024, entitled "An antenna, communication device and communication system", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna, communication equipment, and communication system. Background Technology

[0004] With the development of wireless communication technology, the industry has higher requirements for wireless signal coverage. For example, in some current application scenarios, base station antennas are typically used to provide effective signal coverage on the ground. In practical applications, uneven population distribution exists in different ground areas. Therefore, the signal coverage requirements vary in different ground areas. In current base station antennas, the antenna is generally fixed to the base station pole using an antenna adjustment bracket, resulting in a fixed horizontal beamwidth. Therefore, the horizontal beamwidth of the antenna cannot be flexibly adjusted according to signal coverage requirements, which is not conducive to fully utilizing the antenna's network performance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an antenna, communication device, and communication system that can effectively achieve horizontal beamwidth adjustment.

[0006] Firstly, this application provides an antenna, including a radome, a reflector, and a rotating mechanism. The reflector is located inside the radome, and a radiating array is disposed on one surface of the reflector. The radiating array includes multiple radiating elements, each of which can effectively radiate electromagnetic waves or receive external electromagnetic waves. The rotating mechanism is connected between the radome and the reflector. The rotating mechanism drives the reflector to rotate, thereby changing the reflector's elevation angle. Simply put, the rotating mechanism effectively mounts the reflector inside the radome and allows for adjustment of the reflector's elevation angle. Simultaneously, the radiating elements fixed to the reflector move with the reflector, enabling adjustment of the beam of the radiating array in the elevation direction, thereby changing the horizontal beamwidth of the radiating array to effectively optimize the antenna's network performance.

[0007] The rotation mechanism drives the reflector to adjust the pitch angle, which can include that the reflector has a change in the pitch angle and almost no change in the horizontal angle. Alternatively, the reflector has a change in the pitch angle and a change in the horizontal angle. In the examples provided in the present application, the rotation mechanism is located in the radome, so that the radome can effectively protect the rotation mechanism. Dust, water vapor and other impurities cannot erode the rotation mechanism, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the rotation mechanism.

[0008] In an example, the antenna further includes a controller, and a posture sensor and a phase shifter connected to the controller. The phase shifter can adjust the beam direction of the radiation array to compensate for the vertical plane beam pointing. In short, the posture sensor is used to detect the angle of the rotation mechanism driving the reflector to rotate, and the phase shifter is in feeding connection with the radiation array. The controller is connected with the posture sensor and the phase shifter, and the controller is used to send a control signal to the phase shifter according to the detection signal of the posture sensor. The phase shifter is used to deflect the beam direction of the radiation array according to the control signal. Wherein, the direction of the beam deflection of the phase shifter is opposite to the direction of the reflector rotation, so as to compensate for the vertical plane beam pointing, so that the beam covers the required spatial range.

[0009] In a specific arrangement, the angle of the reflector rotation is MT, and the angle of the beam deflection of the phase shifter to the radiation array is -MT, so that the straight plane beam pointing remains substantially unchanged. Alternatively, in some examples, the angle of the beam deflection of the phase shifter can be any value greater than -MT and less than zero.

[0010] In an example, the antenna includes a plurality of reflectors, and each of the plurality of reflectors is connected to the radome through a rotation mechanism. Wherein, the rotation mechanism is used to adjust the pitch angle of each reflector simultaneously, or the rotation mechanism is used to adjust the pitch angle of at least one reflector respectively.

[0011] When the rotation mechanism independently adjusts the pitch angle of the plurality of reflectors respectively, it is convenient to independently adjust the horizontal beam width of different frequency bands.

[0012] In a specific arrangement, in one reflector, the operating frequency bands of the plurality of radiation oscillators are the same. Alternatively, in one reflector, at least two radiation oscillators with different operating frequency bands are included.

[0013] Alternatively, in one reflector, the operating frequency bands of the plurality of radiation oscillators are the same, and in the plurality of reflectors, the operating frequency bands of the radiation oscillators in at least two reflectors are different.

[0014] When the antenna includes a plurality of reflectors, at least two reflectors can be arranged along a first direction. Wherein, the first direction is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the reflector.

[0015] Alternatively, the antenna can also include at least two reflectors arranged along the second direction at intervals, wherein the second direction is parallel to the rotation axis of the reflectors.

[0016] Alternatively, the antenna can also include at least two reflectors arranged along the first direction and the second direction at intervals.

[0017] In an example, when the antenna includes multiple reflectors, the multiple reflectors include a first reflector and a second reflector arranged along the first direction at intervals, the rotation axes of the first reflector and the second reflector are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the first direction. Along the third direction, the rotation axis of the second reflector is offset from the rotation axis of the first reflector by a distance L, wherein the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the rotation axis of the first reflector, and L is greater than or less than zero.

[0018] In a specific arrangement, the relative positions between the adjacent two reflectors can be reasonably adjusted according to actual needs to make full use of the space inside the radome, so as to reasonably increase the number or area of the reflectors, thereby facilitating the layout of more radiating elements. Alternatively, the relative positions between the adjacent two reflectors can also be reasonably adjusted to reduce the space required by the reflectors, thereby facilitating the miniaturization or flat design of the antenna.

[0019] In an example, the antenna includes multiple reflectors, and the multiple reflectors include a first reflector and a second reflector. The first reflecting surface of the first reflector is provided with a first radiation array, and the second reflecting surface of the second reflector is provided with a second radiation array. The working frequency bands of the first radiation array and the second radiation array are the same, and the orientations of the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface are the same. Wherein, in the orientation of the first reflecting surface, the second reflecting surface is offset from the first reflecting surface by a distance S. S is equal to zero, or S is less than or greater than zero. Alternatively, it can be understood that in actual application, the first radiation array and the second radiation array can constitute the same radiation array to reduce the complexity of the feed network. Alternatively, the first radiation array and the second radiation array can also be fed separately. In addition, by reasonably arranging the positions of the first reflector and the second reflector, when the second reflecting surface and the first reflecting surface are located in approximately the same plane, S can be approximately equal to zero to prevent or weaken the phase difference of the electromagnetic waves of the first radiation array and the second radiation array when they are superimposed in space.

[0020] Alternatively, in an example, when the second reflecting surface and the first reflecting surface are not located on the same plane, i.e., when S is less than or greater than zero, phase compensation can also be performed by the phase shifter. For example, the antenna further comprises a controller, a position sensor connected to the controller, and a phase shifter connected to the controller and in feeding connection with the radiating elements in the first radiating array and the radiating elements in the second radiating array. The position sensor is configured to detect the offset distance S of the second reflecting surface relative to the first reflecting surface. The controller is connected to the position sensor and the phase shifter, and the controller is configured to send a control signal to the phase shifter according to the detection signal of the position sensor. The phase shifter is configured to adjust the phase difference Δλ of the first radiating array and the second radiating array according to the control signal. Δλ and S satisfy: Δλ / (S-nλ)=1, where λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the first radiating array in space, and n is an integer.

[0021] In summary, when S is not zero, the phase of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the first radiating array and the second radiating array can be reasonably adjusted by the phase shifter to avoid or weaken the phase difference when the electromagnetic waves of the first radiating array and the second radiating array are superimposed in space.

[0022] In an example, the rotating mechanism comprises a motor, a rotating shaft, and a fixed frame fixedly connected to the reflecting plate. One end of the rotating shaft is connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the other end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the fixed frame. The output shaft of the motor is configured to drive the reflecting plate to rotate through the output shaft and the fixed frame. The driving force generated by the motor can effectively adjust the pitch angle of the reflecting plate.

[0023] In an example, the fixed frame can be fixed at the edge of the reflecting plate, or the fixed frame can be fixed at the middle of the reflecting plate. In a specific arrangement, the installation position of the fixed frame on the reflecting plate has good flexibility.

[0024] In an example, the antenna further comprises a feeding network. When the antenna comprises a plurality of reflecting plates, the feeding network is in feeding connection with the radiating arrays in the plurality of reflecting plates.

[0025] Alternatively, when the antenna comprises a plurality of reflecting plates, the antenna comprises a plurality of feeding networks, and each feeding network is in feeding connection with the radiating array in the corresponding reflecting plate.

[0026] In summary, in a specific arrangement, the position layout of the feeding network has good flexibility.

[0027] In a second aspect, the application further provides a communication device comprising the above-mentioned antenna. In actual application, a guyed mast and an antenna adjusting fixed frame can also be deployed in the configuration site of the communication device. The antenna can be fixedly installed on the guyed mast through the antenna adjusting fixed frame. The spatial posture of the radome can be adjusted through the antenna adjusting fixed frame.

[0028] In an example, the communication device can further comprise a baseband processing unit. The baseband processing unit is connected with the feed network in the antenna. Wherein, the antenna can be an active antenna or a passive antenna. For example, when the antenna is an active antenna, a radio frequency processing unit can be included in the antenna, and the baseband processing unit can be connected with the feed network through the radio frequency processing unit. Or, when the antenna is a passive antenna, the baseband processing unit can be directly connected with the feed network.

[0029] The radio frequency processing unit can be used for frequency selection, amplification and down-conversion processing of the signal received by the element in the antenna. Or the radio frequency processing unit can be used for transmitting radio frequency signals to the antenna, thereby realizing the signal receiving and transmitting functions of the antenna. By applying the above antenna, the horizontal beam width of the radiation array can be changed to effectively optimize the network performance of the communication device.

[0030] The baseband processing unit is connected with the radio frequency processing unit. The radio frequency processing unit can be used for frequency selection, amplification and down-conversion processing of the signal received by the antenna, and converting it into an intermediate frequency signal or a baseband signal sent to the baseband processing unit, or the radio frequency processing unit is used for converting the intermediate frequency signal sent by the baseband processing unit into a wireless signal through up-conversion and amplification processing through the antenna.

[0031] In a third aspect, the application further provides a communication system comprising a core network device and the above-mentioned communication device, wherein the communication device is in communication connection with the core network device, thereby realizing the wireless communication function. In the communication system provided by the application, by being equipped with the above-mentioned communication device, the signal receiving and transmitting performance of the communication system can be effectively improved and better adaptive flexibility can be achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0033] FIG. 2 is a simplified structure schematic diagram of a base station provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0034] FIG. 3 is a simplified structure schematic diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0035] FIG. 4 is an application schematic diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0036] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0037] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of displaying the coverage range of the beam on the ground provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0038] FIG. 7 is another cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0039] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another coverage range of a beam on the ground according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of another cross-sectional structure of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of another coverage range of a beam on the ground according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of another cross-sectional structure of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of another cross-sectional structure of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of another cross-sectional structure of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of another cross-sectional structure of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of another cross-sectional structure of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of another cross-sectional structure of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of another cross-sectional structure of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of another cross-sectional structure of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0053] In order to facilitate understanding of the antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application, the application scenario thereof will be first introduced below.

[0054] The antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied in a communication device such as a base station or a radar to realize a wireless communication function.

[0055] As shown in FIG. 1, the application scenario can include a base station and a terminal. Wireless communication can be implemented between the base station and the terminal. The base station can be located in a base bastion subsystem (BBS), a universal terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN), or an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN), and is used for cell coverage of wireless signals to implement communication between a terminal device and a wireless network. Specifically, the base station can be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a global system for mobile communication (GSM) or a code division multiple access (CDMA) system, a node B (NodeB, NB) in a wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) system, an evolutional NodeB (eNB or eNodeB) in a long term evolution (LTE) system, a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario, or the like. Alternatively, the base station can also be a relay station, an access point, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a gNodeB (gNB) in a new radio (NR) system, or a base station in a future evolved network, and the like. Embodiments of the present application are not limited.

[0056] In this application, the antenna can also be used in access network equipment, sometimes also called access nodes. Access network equipment has wireless transceiver capabilities for communicating with terminals. Access network equipment includes, but is not limited to, base stations, evolved NodeBs (eNodeBs), transmission reception points (TRPs) in the aforementioned communication systems, next-generation NodeBs (gNBs) in 5G mobile communication systems, future communication networks, access network equipment or modules of access network equipment in Open RAN (ORAN) systems, base stations in future mobile communication systems, or access nodes in WiFi systems. Access network equipment can also be modules or units capable of implementing some of the functions of a base station. For example, access network equipment can be a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU), as described below. In the ORAN system, CU can also be called O-CU, DU can be called open (O)-DU, CU-CP can be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can be called O-CUP-UP, and RU can be called O-RU. Access network equipment can be macro base stations, micro base stations, or indoor stations, relay nodes, donor nodes, or wireless controllers in cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenarios. Optionally, access network equipment can also be servers, wearable devices, or vehicle-mounted equipment. For example, in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology, the access network equipment can be a roadside unit (RSU). Multiple access network devices in a communication system can be base stations of the same type or different types. Base stations can communicate with terminals directly or via relay stations. Terminals can communicate with multiple base stations using different access technologies.

[0057] As shown in Figure 2, a base station provided in this embodiment includes a base station antenna feeder system. In practical applications, the base station antenna feeder system mainly includes an antenna 01, a feeder line 02, and a grounding device 03. The antenna 01 is generally fixed on a mast 04, and the downtilt angle of the antenna 01 can be adjusted by an antenna adjustment bracket 05 to adjust the signal coverage range of the antenna 01 to a certain extent.

[0058] In addition, the base station can further include a radio frequency processing unit 06 and a baseband processing unit 20. For example, the radio frequency processing unit 06 can be configured to perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on a signal received by the antenna 01, and convert the signal into an intermediate frequency signal or a baseband signal and send the signal to the baseband processing unit 20, or the radio frequency processing unit 06 can be configured to perform up-conversion and amplification processing on a signal output by the baseband processing unit 20, and convert the signal into a wireless signal and send the signal out through the antenna 01. The baseband processing unit 20 can be connected to the antenna 01 through a feed network of the radio frequency processing unit 06. In some embodiments, the radio frequency processing unit 06 can also be referred to as a radio remote unit (RRU), and the baseband processing unit 20 can also be referred to as a baseband unit (BBU).

[0059] As shown in FIG. 2, in one possible embodiment, the radio frequency processing unit 06 can be integrated with the antenna 01, and the baseband processing unit 20 can be located at a distal end of the antenna 01. The radio frequency processing unit 06 and the baseband processing unit 20 can be connected through the feed line 02. In another embodiment, the radio frequency processing unit 06 and the baseband processing unit 20 can also be located at the distal end of the antenna 01.

[0060] As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the antenna 01 applied in the base station can further include a radome 011 and a reflector plate 012 and a feed network 013 located in the radome 011. The reflector plate 012 can also be referred to as a bottom plate. The main function of the feed network 013 is to feed a signal to the element 014 according to a certain amplitude and phase, or to send a wireless signal received by the element 014 to the baseband processing unit 20 of the base station according to a certain amplitude and phase. It can be understood that, in actual implementation, the feed network 013 can include at least one of a phase shifter, a combiner, a transmission or calibration network, or a filter, and the present application does not limit the components, types, and functions that can be achieved by the feed network 013.

[0061] Of course, the antenna 01 described above can also be applied to various other types of communication devices, and the present application does not limit the application scenarios of the antenna 01.

[0062] It should be noted that, in actual application, the devices such as the pole 04 and the antenna adjustment fixing frame 05 can be provided by a venue provider. The devices such as the antenna 01, the radio frequency processing unit 06, and the baseband processing unit 20 in the base station can be provided by a base station manufacturer.

[0063] Regarding the radome 011, in terms of electrical performance, the radome 011 has good electromagnetic wave penetration, thus not affecting the normal transmission and reception of electromagnetic waves between the vibrator 014 and the outside world. In terms of mechanical performance, the radome 011 has good stress resistance and oxidation resistance, thus being able to withstand the corrosion of harsh external environments.

[0064] The 014 element, also known as a radiator or radiating element, is a basic structural unit of an antenna, capable of effectively transmitting or receiving electromagnetic waves. In practical applications, the 014 element can be categorized into single-stage and dual-polarized types. The appropriate type of 014 element can be selected based on actual requirements during configuration.

[0065] With the development of wireless communication technology, the industry has higher requirements for the signal coverage of antenna 01.

[0066] For example, as shown in Figure 4, Figure 4 shows the approximate beam of the wireless signal radiated by antenna 01.

[0067] In summary, the beam radiated by antenna 01 can effectively cover the ground area, enabling terminal devices (such as mobile phones) on the ground to communicate with antenna 01.

[0068] In practical applications, uneven population distribution exists in different ground areas. Therefore, the signal coverage requirements vary in different ground (or horizontal) areas. In current antenna 01, antenna 01 is generally fixed to the base station's mast 04 via antenna adjustment bracket 05. In actual use, it is difficult to flexibly adjust the elevation angle of antenna 01 via antenna adjustment bracket 05, resulting in a fixed horizontal beamwidth of antenna 01. Therefore, the horizontal beamwidth of antenna 01 cannot be increased or decreased according to signal coverage requirements, which is detrimental to fully utilizing the network performance of antenna 01.

[0069] Therefore, this application provides an antenna that can flexibly adjust the horizontal beamwidth.

[0070] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0071] As shown in FIG. 5, in one example provided by the present application, the antenna 10 comprises a radome 11, a reflector 12 and a rotating mechanism 13. The reflector 12 and the rotating mechanism 13 are both located in the radome 11. The reflector 12 comprises two opposite faces. One of the faces is provided with a radiating array 14, which comprises a plurality of (six in the example shown in FIG. 5) radiating elements 141. Each of the radiating elements 141 can effectively emit or receive electromagnetic waves. It is to be noted that, in order to distinguish the two faces of the reflector 12, in the following examples, the face provided with the radiating array 14 is referred to as the reflecting face 120, and the other face is referred to as the back face.

[0072] As shown in FIG. 5, in one example provided by the present application, the rotating mechanism 13 is connected to the back face of the reflector 12, and is used to effectively mount the reflector 12 in the radome 11, and can adjust the pitch angle of the reflector 12. At the same time, the radiating elements 141 fixed on the reflecting face 120 move with the reflector 12, so that the beam of the radiating array 14 can be adjusted in the pitch direction, thereby changing the horizontal beam width of the radiating array 14.

[0073] For example, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, in one example provided by the present application, the reflector 12 is substantially perpendicular to the horizontal plane (or the ground) at this time. FIG. 5 shows the approximate beam of the wireless signal radiated by the radiating array 14. FIG. 6 shows the approximate coverage range of the beam on the ground, and the horizontal beam width is approximately θ at this time. In some cases, the approximate coverage range of the beam on the ground can also be understood as the projection of the radiation pattern of the radiating array 14 on the horizontal plane.

[0074] Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the rotating mechanism 13 drives the reflector 12 to tilt downward at this time. FIG. 7 shows the approximate beam of the wireless signal radiated by the radiating array 14. The dashed outline in FIG. 8 shows the approximate coverage range of the beam on the ground after the reflector 12 is tilted downward, and the horizontal beam width is approximately θ1 at this time. The solid outline in FIG. 8 shows the approximate coverage range of the beam on the ground when the reflector 12 is not tilted. It can be clearly seen from FIG. 8 that the horizontal beam width increases when the reflector 12 is tilted downward.

[0075] In addition, as shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the rotating mechanism 13 drives the reflector 12 to tilt upward at this time. FIG. 9 shows the approximate beam of the wireless signal radiated by the radiating array 14. The dashed outline in FIG. 10 shows the approximate coverage range of the beam on the ground after the reflector 12 is tilted upward, and the horizontal beam width is approximately θ2 at this time. The solid outline in FIG. 10 shows the approximate coverage range of the beam on the ground when the reflector 12 is not tilted. It can be clearly seen from FIG. 10 that the horizontal beam width decreases when the reflector 12 is tilted upward.

[0076] Generally, in the examples provided in the present application, the horizontal beam width of the radiation array 14 is changed by driving the reflecting plate 12 to adjust the pitch angle by the rotating mechanism 13, so as to optimize the network performance of the antenna 10.

[0077] It should be noted that the driving of the reflecting plate 12 to adjust the pitch angle by the rotating mechanism 13 can specifically include that the reflecting plate 12 has a change in the pitch angle and almost no change in the horizontal angle. Alternatively, the reflecting plate 12 has a change in the pitch angle and also has a change in the horizontal angle.

[0078] In addition, in the examples provided in the present application, the rotating mechanism 13 is located in the radome 11, so that the radome 11 can effectively protect the rotating mechanism 13. It can prevent impurities such as dust and water vapor from eroding the rotating mechanism 13, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the rotating mechanism 13.

[0079] In actual application, the type of the rotating mechanism 13 can be various.

[0080] For example, as shown in FIG. 9, in one of the examples provided in the present application, the rotating mechanism 13 includes a motor (not shown in FIG. 9), a rotating shaft 131 and a fixed frame 132. The fixed frame 132 is fixedly connected with the reflecting plate 12, and the motor can be fixed in the radome 11. One end of the rotating shaft 131 is connected with the output shaft of the motor, and the other end of the rotating shaft 131 is connected with the fixed frame 132. The output shaft of the motor drives the rotating shaft 131 to rotate synchronously when the output shaft of the motor rotates. When the rotating shaft 131 rotates, it drives the fixed frame 132 to rotate, and finally makes the reflecting plate 12 rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft 131 to realize the adjustment of the pitch angle.

[0081] It should be noted that in the examples provided in the present application, the rotating shaft 131 (or the fixed frame 132) is located at the middle part of the reflecting plate 12. In other examples, the rotating shaft 131 (or the fixed frame 132) can also be fixed at the edge or the position close to the edge of the reflecting plate 12. For example, the rotating shaft 131 (or the fixed frame 132) can be located at the edge of the upper end or the edge of the lower end of the reflecting plate 12. When specifically setting, the setting position of the rotating shaft 131 (or the fixed frame 132) on the reflecting plate 12 can be reasonably set according to actual needs, which is not described here.

[0082] In an example, the antenna 10 can further include a controller, which can be connected with the motor. The controller can send a control signal to the motor to adjust the rotation angle of the output shaft of the motor, so as to rotate the reflector 12 to a desired elevation angle. In addition, in a specific arrangement, the antenna 10 can further include a Hall sensor, a gyroscope or other attitude sensor, which can effectively detect the elevation angle of the reflector 12. The controller can send a control signal to the motor through the attitude sensor detection signal, so as to achieve a higher precision adjustment of the elevation angle of the reflector 12.

[0083] In a specific arrangement, the attitude can indirectly detect the elevation angle of the reflector 12 by detecting the rotation angle of the output shaft or the rotating shaft 131 of the motor. Alternatively, the attitude sensor can also directly detect the spatial attitude of the reflector 12 to directly detect the elevation angle of the reflector 12.

[0084] Alternatively, in some examples, the controller can also constrain the maximum elevation angle of the reflector 12 according to the detection signal of the attitude sensor, so as to prevent the reflector 12 from being excessively rotated and colliding with the radome 11 or other adverse conditions, thereby ensuring the safety of the antenna 10.

[0085] In a specific application, the type and arrangement of the attitude sensor can be reasonably selected according to actual needs, which is not limited in the present application.

[0086] In addition, in other examples, the rotating shaft 131 can also be the output shaft of the motor. Alternatively, the motor can also be a hydraulic pump or other driver capable of converting electrical energy into mechanical energy. In addition, the rotating mechanism 13 can also include a turbine, a worm, a gear or a connecting rod or other transmission components. In a specific application, the devices included in the rotating mechanism 13 can be reasonably selected according to actual needs, so that the rotating mechanism 13 can adjust the elevation angle of the reflector 12, which is not described herein.

[0087] It should be noted that when adjusting the elevation angle of the reflector 12, the horizontal beam width of the radiating array 14 can be changed. In addition, the vertical plane beam pointing direction of the radiating array 14 can also be changed.

[0088] For example, as shown in FIG. 11, FIG. 11 shows the approximate beam of the wireless signal radiated by the radiating array 14. Specifically, the solid line profile in FIG. 11 shows the approximate beam after the reflector 12 is raised. The dotted line profile in FIG. 11 shows the approximate beam pointing direction when the reflector 12 is not raised. As can be clearly seen from FIG. 11, when the reflector 12 is raised, the vertical plane beam pointing direction will be deflected upward.

[0089] In actual application, it can be desired to only adjust the horizontal beam width without changing the vertical plane beam pointing direction.

[0090] Therefore, in an example provided in the present application, the phase of the electromagnetic wave generated by the radiating element 141 can be adjusted by the phase shifter to compensate for the vertical plane beam pointing.

[0091] In a specific arrangement, the controller can cause the phase shifter to perform phase compensation through the rotation angle of the reflecting plate 12 detected by the attitude sensor, thereby compensating for the vertical plane beam pointing.

[0092] Specifically, the attitude sensor can detect the angle at which the rotating mechanism 13 drives the reflecting plate 12 to rotate, and the phase shifter is in feeding connection with the radiating element 141 in the radiating array 14. The controller is configured to send a control signal to the phase shifter according to the detection signal of the attitude sensor, and the phase shifter is configured to deflect the beam direction of the radiating array 14 according to the control signal, wherein the direction of rotation of the reflecting plate 12 is opposite to the direction of beam deflection of the phase shifter.

[0093] For example, as shown in FIG. 11, when the reflecting plate 12 rotates at an angle of MT, the phase shifter can deflect the beam at an angle of -MT, so that the straight plane beam pointing remains substantially unchanged. Alternatively, in some examples, the angle at which the phase shifter deflects the beam can be any value greater than -MT and less than zero. In specific applications, the angle at which the phase shifter deflects the beam can be reasonably adjusted according to actual needs, which will not be described here.

[0094] It should be noted that when the phase shifter deflects the beam, the horizontal beam width is substantially unchanged, and only the straight plane beam pointing is compensated. That is, after adjusting the pitch angle of the reflecting plate 12 by the rotating mechanism 13, the horizontal beam width and the straight plane beam pointing can be changed. The phase shifter can effectively compensate for the straight plane beam pointing without significantly changing the horizontal beam width.

[0095] In addition, in actual applications, the antenna 10 can also have a beam scanning function. When performing beam scanning, the phase of the electromagnetic wave radiated by each radiating element 141 can be reasonably adjusted by the phase shifter to achieve, or the rotating mechanism 13 can be relied on to achieve. Alternatively, the phase shifter and the rotating mechanism 13 can be combined to achieve.

[0096] In the above provided examples, the example is exemplarily explained by taking the example that six radiating elements 141 are included in the radiating array 14. In actual applications, two, three or more radiating elements 141 can also be included in the radiating array 14. Among them, the working frequency band of each radiating element 141 can be the same. Alternatively, at least two radiating elements 141 with different working frequency bands can also be included in the radiating array 14. In specific applications, the number, position arrangement and working frequency band of the radiating elements 141 included in the radiating array 14 can be flexibly set according to actual needs, which will not be described here.

[0097] In addition, in actual applications, one reflecting plate 12 can be included in the antenna 10, or two or more reflecting plates 12 can be included. When multiple reflecting plates 12 are included in the antenna 10, the multiple reflecting plates 12 can be arranged in the radome 11 through the same rotating mechanism 13, so that the rotating mechanism 13 can simultaneously adjust the pitch angles of the multiple reflecting plates 12. Alternatively, the same rotating mechanism 13 can also adjust the pitch angles of the multiple reflecting plates 12 respectively. Alternatively, multiple rotating mechanisms 13 can also be included in the antenna 10, and the multiple reflecting plates 12 can also be arranged in the radome 11 through the corresponding rotating mechanisms 13, so as to independently adjust the pitch angles of different reflecting plates 12 through different rotating mechanisms 13.

[0098] For example, as shown in FIG. 12, in an example provided by the present application, two reflecting plates are included in the antenna 10, which are reflecting plate 12a and reflecting plate 12b. Among them, the reflecting surface 120a of the reflecting plate 12a is provided with a radiating array 14a, and the radiating array 14a includes six radiating elements 141a. The reflecting surface 120b of the reflecting plate 12b is provided with a radiating array 14b, and the radiating array 14b includes six radiating elements 141b. The reflecting plate 12a is connected with the radome 11 through the rotating mechanism 13a, and the reflecting plate 12b is connected with the radome 11 through the rotating mechanism 13b.

[0099] The rotating mechanism 13a includes a motor (not shown in FIG. 12), a rotating shaft 131a and a fixed frame 132a. The fixed frame 132a is fixedly connected with the reflecting plate 12a, and the motor can be fixed in the radome 11. One end of the rotating shaft 131a is connected with the output shaft of the motor, and the other end of the rotating shaft 131a is connected with the fixed frame 132a. When the output shaft of the motor rotates, the rotating shaft 131a is driven to rotate synchronously. When the rotating shaft 131a rotates, the fixed frame 132a is rotated, and finally the reflecting plate 12a rotates around the axis of the rotating shaft 131a to realize the adjustment of the pitch angle.

[0100] Correspondingly, the rotating mechanism 13b comprises a motor (not shown in FIG. 12), a rotating shaft 131b and a fixed frame 132b. The fixed frame 132b is fixedly connected with the reflecting plate 12b, and the motor can be fixed in the radome 11. One end of the rotating shaft 131b is connected with the output shaft of the motor, and the other end of the rotating shaft 131b is connected with the fixed frame 132b. When the output shaft of the motor rotates, the rotating shaft 131b is driven to rotate synchronously. When the rotating shaft 131b rotates, the fixed frame 132b is driven to rotate, and finally the reflecting plate 12b rotates around the axis of the rotating shaft 131b, so as to realize the adjustment of the pitch angle.

[0101] In addition, by arranging multiple reflecting plates in the antenna 10, the size of the antenna 10 or the radome 11 can be reduced.

[0102] For the convenience of understanding, the following will take the antenna 10 comprising one reflecting plate and two reflecting plates as examples for comparison and illustration.

[0103] Specifically, please refer to FIG. 12 and FIG. 13. In FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, the number and spacing of the radiating elements are substantially the same. Moreover, the pitch angles of the reflecting plates 12a and 12b in FIG. 12 and the reflecting plate 12 in FIG. 13 are substantially the same. In FIG. 12, the distance between one end (for example, the upper end) of the reflecting plate 12a and the axis of the rotating shaft 131a is small. In FIG. 13, the distance between one end (for example, the upper end) of the reflecting plate 12 and the axis of the rotating shaft 131 is large. Therefore, when the reflecting plate 12a and the reflecting plate 12 rotate by the same angle, the distance of the one end (for example, the upper end) of the reflecting plate 12a moving in the third direction is small, while the distance of the one end (for example, the upper end) of the reflecting plate 12 moving in the third direction is large. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 13, in order to avoid the collision between the reflecting plate 12 and the radome 11, the size H1 of the radome 11 in the third direction needs to be increased, i.e., H1>H2.

[0104] Therefore, by increasing the number of reflecting plates in the antenna 10, the size of the antenna 10 or the radome 11 in the third direction can be effectively reduced, which is beneficial to realize the flat design of the antenna 10.

[0105] In addition, after increasing the number of reflecting plates in the antenna 10, the size of the antenna 10 or the radome 11 in the first direction can also be reduced by reasonably adjusting the relative positions of the adjacent two reflecting plates.

[0106] Specifically, please refer to FIG. 14 and FIG. 15. It should be noted that in FIG. 14 and FIG. 15, the radiators are omitted for the purpose of clear display. In FIG. 14, the rotation axes of the reflecting plate 12a and the reflecting plate 12b are located on the same straight line A, and the straight line A is parallel to the first direction and perpendicular to the third direction. The difference between FIG. 15 and FIG. 14 is that the reflecting plate 12b in FIG. 15 is offset from the reflecting plate 12a by a certain distance L along the third direction and offset by a certain distance in the opposite direction of the first direction, so that Ra and Rb are tangent.

[0107] In FIG. 14 and FIG. 15, it is assumed that the rotation axis of the reflecting plate 12a is located at the middle position of the reflecting plate 12a, and the rotation axis of the reflecting plate 12b is located at the middle position of the reflecting plate 12b. Then, taking the rotation axis of the reflecting plate 12a as the center and the length of the reflecting plate 12a as the diameter to draw a circle, the circular dot line profile Ra in FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 can be obtained. Taking the rotation axis of the reflecting plate 12b as the center and the length of the reflecting plate 12b as the diameter to draw a circle, the circular dot line profile Rb in FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 can be obtained.

[0108] Wherein, when Ra and Rb are tangent, the distance between the reflecting plate 12a and the reflecting plate 12b is small, and the collision between the reflecting plate 12a and the reflecting plate 12b during rotation can be prevented.

[0109] As can be seen from FIG. 14, in the first direction, the minimum space distance required by the reflecting plate 12a and the reflecting plate 12b is L1, and L1 is approximately equal to the sum of the diameter of Ra and the diameter of Rb.

[0110] As can be seen from FIG. 15, in the first direction, the minimum space distance required by the reflecting plate 12a and the reflecting plate 12b is L2, and L2 is less than the sum of the diameter of Ra and the diameter of Rb.

[0111] Therefore, when the reflecting plate 12a and the reflecting plate 12b are arranged adjacent to each other in the first direction in the antenna 10, the reflecting plate 12a and the reflecting plate 12b can be positionally staggered in the third direction and the first direction to reduce the occupied area of the reflecting plate 12a and the reflecting plate 12b in the first direction, thereby facilitating the reduction of the size of the antenna 10 or the radome 11 in the first direction, and being conducive to the miniaturization design of the antenna 10.

[0112] It can be understood that in the examples provided in FIG. 14 and FIG. 15, the exemplary comparison and description are made by taking the antenna 10 including two reflecting plates as an example. However, compared with the antenna 10 provided with one reflecting plate, the technical effect of reducing the size of the antenna 10 can still be achieved by increasing the number of reflecting plates and reasonably staggering the positions, which will not be described herein.

[0113] In general, by reasonably increasing the number of the reflecting plates in the radome 11 and reasonably arranging the positions of the reflecting plates, the size of the antenna 10 can be effectively reduced, which is conducive to the miniaturization design of the antenna 10.

[0114] In addition, in some examples, the phase of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiation array can also be compensated by reasonably arranging the positions of the corresponding reflecting plates.

[0115] For example, as shown in FIG. 13, when the radiation oscillators 141 in the radiation array 14 are all arranged on the reflecting surface 120 of one reflecting plate 12, the plurality of radiation oscillators 141 are located in the same plane, and the operating frequencies of the plurality of radiation oscillators 141 are substantially the same.

[0116] As shown in FIG. 16, when the antenna 10 includes two reflecting plates, i.e., the reflecting plate 12a and the reflecting plate 12b, the plurality of radiation oscillators in the radiation array can be arranged on the reflecting surfaces of the reflecting plate 12a and the reflecting plate 12b, respectively.

[0117] It should be noted that in FIGS. 13 and 16, the number and operating frequency range of the radiation oscillators are substantially the same.

[0118] As can be seen from FIG. 16, the reflecting surface 120a of the reflecting plate 12a and the reflecting surface 120b of the reflecting plate 12b are parallel to each other and not in the same plane. In the direction of the reflecting surface 120a (or the reflecting surface 120b), the distance between the reflecting surface 120a and the reflecting surface 120b is |S|, i.e., the offset distance of the reflecting surface 120b relative to the reflecting surface 120a is S. Therefore, when the initial phase of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiation oscillator 141a and the initial phase of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiation oscillator 141a are the same, there will be a phase difference when the two electromagnetic waves are superimposed in space, and the difference is approximately equal to S. When the reflecting surface 120b is in the direction of the reflecting surface 120a, S is positive. When the reflecting surface 120b is in the opposite direction of the reflecting surface 120a, S is negative.

[0119] In actual applications, the relative positions of the reflecting plate 12a and the reflecting plate 12b can be adjusted so that the reflecting surface 120a and the reflecting surface 120b are in the same plane, i.e., S is approximately equal to zero.

[0120] Alternatively, the relative positions of the reflecting plate 12a and the reflecting plate 12b can be adjusted so that the distance |S| between the reflecting surface 120a and the reflecting surface 120b is approximately equal to nλ. Where λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiation oscillator 141a (or the radiation oscillator 141b) when propagating in space, and n is an integer.

[0121] Alternatively, in some examples, the initial phase of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiating elements in the radiation array 14a and the radiation array 14b can also be adjusted by the phase shifter to compensate for the phase difference caused by the offset distance of the reflecting surface 120b relative to the reflecting surface 120a.

[0122] For example, the phase shifter can make the phase difference of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiating elements in the radiation array 14a and the radiation array 14b be Δλ; Δλ and S satisfy: Δλ / (S-nλ) = 1. For example, when S is equal to 2.5λ, Δλ can be 0.5λ.

[0123] Of course, in actual application, the offset distance S of the reflecting surface 120b relative to the reflecting surface 120a needs to be known. Wherein, the S can be obtained by detection, or can be obtained by calculation and detection.

[0124] For example, the antenna 10 can further include a position sensor and a controller. Wherein, the position sensor can directly measure the offset distance S of the reflecting surface 120b relative to the reflecting surface 120a, and the controller can compensate the phase by simple calculation or sending a control signal to the phase shifter according to the detection signal. Alternatively, the position sensor can also detect the angle through which the reflecting plate 12a and the reflecting plate 12b are rotated. The controller can calculate the offset distance S of the reflecting surface 120b relative to the reflecting surface 120a in combination with the detection signal of the position sensor, the distance between the rotation axis of the reflecting plate 12a and the rotation axis of the reflecting plate 12b, and other parameters.

[0125] It should be noted that when the reflecting plate 12a is adjusted in pitch angle under the action of the rotating mechanism 13a, and the reflecting plate 12b is adjusted in pitch angle under the action of the rotating mechanism 13b, the offset distance S will also change. In addition, the position sensor can be a gyroscope, a range finder, or other sensors, or can be the above-mentioned attitude sensor. Alternatively, in the antenna 10, the position sensor and the attitude sensor can be provided simultaneously, or can be replaced with each other. In actual application, the type and number of sensors can be reasonably set according to actual needs to achieve the desired detection purpose.

[0126] In addition, the phase shifter connected with the radiating elements 141a in the radiation array 14a and the radiating elements 141b in the radiation array 14b can be one phase shifter or multiple phase shifters. For example, the radiating elements 141a in the radiation array 14a and the radiating elements 141b in the radiation array 14b can be connected with the same phase shifter, so that the phase shifter can simultaneously adjust the phase of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiating elements 141a and the radiating elements 141b. Alternatively, the radiating elements 141a in the radiation array 14a can be connected with one phase shifter, and the radiating elements 141b in the radiation array 14b can be connected with another phase shifter. That is, the radiating elements 141a and the radiating elements 141b can be phase-adjusted by different phase shifters. In a specific arrangement, the number of phase shifter configurations and the arrangement manner can be flexibly adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0127] In actual application, the horizontal beam width can be adjusted with high precision by arranging multiple reflecting plates in the antenna 10.

[0128] For example, when the rotating mechanisms 13a and 13b adjust the elevation angles of the reflecting plates 12a and 12b respectively, the elevation angle of the reflecting plate 12a and the elevation angle of the reflecting plate 12b can be different. Alternatively, the rotating mechanism 13a can make the reflecting plate 12a tilt upward by a certain angle, and the rotating mechanism 13b can make the reflecting plate 12b tilt downward by a certain angle.

[0129] In addition, in actual application, the rotating mechanisms 13a and 13b can independently adjust the elevation angles of the reflecting plates 12a and 12b respectively, so that the horizontal beam widths of different frequency bands can be independently adjusted.

[0130] For example, as shown in FIG. 17, in another example provided by the present application, six radiating elements 141a are included in the radiation array 14a, and eight radiating elements 141b are included in the radiation array 14b. The operating frequency bands of the radiation array 14a and the radiation array 14b can be different. In a specific application, the pitch angle of the reflecting plate 12a can be adjusted by the rotating mechanism 13a to change the horizontal beam width of the radiation array 14a. The pitch angle of the reflecting plate 12b can be adjusted by the rotating mechanism 13b to change the horizontal beam width of the radiation array 14b. The operating frequency bands of the radiation array 14a and the radiation array 14b are different, so the horizontal beam widths of different frequency bands can be independently adjusted. It should be noted that the operating frequency bands of the radiation array 14a and the radiation array 14b are different, which specifically means that the operating frequency bands of the plurality of radiating elements 141a in the radiation array 14a are substantially the same, and the operating frequency bands of the plurality of radiating elements 141b in the radiation array 14b are substantially the same. Moreover, the operating frequency bands of the radiating elements 141a and the radiating elements 141b are different.

[0131] In the example provided in FIG. 17, the reflecting plate 12a and the reflecting plate 12b are spaced apart along a first direction, and the rotation axes 131 of the reflecting plate 12a and the reflecting plate 12b are substantially parallel. Wherein, the first direction is perpendicular to the rotation axes 131 of the reflecting plate 12a and the reflecting plate 12b.

[0132] Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 18, in another example provided by the present application, the reflecting plate 12a and the reflecting plate 12b are spaced apart along a second direction. Wherein, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0133] It should be noted that in the above examples, the reflecting plate 12 included in the antenna 10 is exemplarily illustrated by taking the example of two reflecting plates 12. In other examples, the antenna 10 can also include three, four or more reflecting plates 12. The plurality of reflecting plates 12 can be spaced apart along the first direction, or can be spaced apart along the second direction. In a specific application, the number and position arrangement of the reflecting plates 12 can be reasonably set according to actual needs, which will not be described here.

[0134] In addition, in actual application, the antenna 10 also includes a feed network, which can be arranged on the back of the reflecting plate 12. The feed network is in feeding connection with the radiating elements 141, and the main function of the feed network is to feed signals to the radiating elements 141 according to certain amplitudes and phases, or to send the wireless signals received by the radiating elements 141 to the baseband processing unit of the base station according to certain amplitudes and phases. It can be understood that in a specific implementation, the feed network can include at least one of a phase shifter, a combiner, a transmission or calibration network, or a filter, and the present application does not limit the components, types and functions that can be achieved by the feed network.

[0135] When multiple reflectors 12 are included in the antenna 10, the feed network can be located on the back of one of the reflectors 12. That is, the feed network arranged on the back of the reflector 12 can not only be connected in feed with the radiating elements 141 of the reflecting surface 120 of the reflector 12, but also be connected in feed with the radiating elements 141 of the reflecting surface 120 of other reflectors 12.

[0136] Alternatively, the feed network can also be arranged on the back of at least two reflectors 12.

[0137] In a specific arrangement, the arrangement position of the feed network can be reasonably adjusted according to actual needs, which will not be described here.

[0138] It should be noted that in actual application, the antenna 10 described above can be applied in various types of communication devices such as base stations.

[0139] For example, as shown in FIG. 19, taking a communication device as a base station as an example. The base station can include a pole 04 and an antenna adjusting fixing frame 05. The antenna 10 can be fixedly installed on the pole 04 through the antenna adjusting fixing frame 05. Specifically, the antenna adjusting fixing frame 05 is connected between the radome 11 and the pole 04, and is used to effectively fix the radome 11 on the pole 04. In addition, in specific application, the spatial posture of the radome 11 can also be adjusted through the antenna adjusting fixing frame 05. In a specific arrangement, the antenna adjusting fixing frame 05 can be selected from the types commonly used at present. In addition, the connection mode between the antenna adjusting fixing frame 05 and the pole 04 and the radome 11 can also adopt the types commonly used at present, which is not limited by the present application.

[0140] Of course, in actual application, the base station can also include a feeder 02, a grounding device 03, a radio frequency processing unit 06, and a baseband processing unit 20, etc. Simply speaking, the radio frequency processing unit 06 can be used to perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the signals received by the antenna 01, and convert them into intermediate frequency signals or baseband signals and send them to the baseband processing unit 20, or the radio frequency processing unit 06 is used to convert the intermediate frequency signals sent by the baseband processing unit 20 into wireless signals through up-conversion and amplification processing and send them out through the antenna 01. The baseband processing unit 20 can be connected with the feed network of the antenna 01 through the radio frequency processing unit 06. In some embodiments, the radio frequency processing unit 06 can also be referred to as a radio frequency remote unit (RRU), and the baseband processing unit 20 can also be referred to as a baseband unit (BBU).

[0141] In addition, as shown in FIG. 20, the embodiment of the present application further provides a communication system, comprising a communication device and a core network device. The communication device is in communication connection with a terminal. The core network device comprises, but is not limited to, a mobility management device, a service gateway, a wireless gateway, etc.

[0142] In various embodiments of the present application, the terms and / or descriptions of different embodiments are consistent and can be mutually referred to if there is no special description and logical conflict. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0143] In the present application, "a plurality of" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural.

[0144] It can be understood that various numbers involved in the embodiments of the present application are only distinguished for the convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application. The size of the serial number of the above processes does not mean the execution order, and the execution order of the processes should be determined according to its function and inherent logic.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized by The antenna comprises a radome, a reflector and a rotating mechanism; The reflector is located in the radome, one of the reflector's surfaces is provided with a radiation array, and the radiation array comprises a plurality of radiation elements; The rotating mechanism is connected between the radome and the reflector; The rotating mechanism is used to drive the reflector to rotate so as to change the pitch angle of the reflector.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna further comprises a controller, a posture sensor and a phase shifter connected to the controller; The posture sensor is used to detect the angle of the reflector rotated by the rotating mechanism, and the phase shifter is in feeding connection with the radiation array; The controller is connected to the posture sensor and the phase shifter; The controller is used to send a control signal to the phase shifter according to the detection signal of the posture sensor; The phase shifter is used to deflect the beam direction of the radiation array according to the control signal; The direction of the beam deflected by the phase shifter is opposite to the direction of the reflector rotated.

3. The antenna of claim 2, wherein, The angle of the reflector rotated is MT, and the angle of the beam deflected by the phase shifter is -MT.

4. The antenna of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The antenna comprises a plurality of reflectors, and each of the reflectors is connected to the radome through the rotating mechanism; The rotating mechanism is used to simultaneously adjust the pitch angle of each reflector, or the rotating mechanism is used to respectively adjust the pitch angle of at least one reflector.

5. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, In one reflector, the operating frequency bands of the plurality of radiation elements are the same; or in one reflector, at least two radiation elements with different operating frequency bands are included.

6. The antenna according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that In one reflector, the operating frequency bands of the plurality of radiation elements are the same; In a plurality of reflectors, the operating frequency bands of the radiation elements in at least two reflectors are different.

7. The antenna of any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein, In a plurality of reflectors, at least two reflectors are spaced apart along a first direction; The first direction is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the reflector.

8. The antenna of any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein, In a plurality of reflectors, at least two reflectors are spaced apart along a second direction; The second direction is parallel to the rotation axis of the reflector.

9. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The antenna comprises a plurality of reflectors, and the plurality of reflectors comprises a first reflector and a second reflector adjacent to each other along a first direction, the rotation axes of the first reflector and the second reflector are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the first direction; Along a third direction, the offset distance of the rotation axis of the second reflector relative to the rotation axis of the first reflector is L; The third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the rotation axis of the first reflector, and L is greater than or less than zero.

10. The antenna of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, The antenna comprises a plurality of reflectors, and the plurality of reflectors comprises a first reflector and a second reflector; The first reflector is provided with a first radiation array, and the second reflector is provided with a second radiation array; The operating frequency bands of the first radiation array and the second radiation array are the same, and the orientations of the first reflector and the second reflector are the same; The second reflecting surface is offset from the first reflecting surface by a distance S in a direction towards the first reflecting surface; S is equal to zero, or S is less than or greater than zero.

11. The antenna according to claim 10, characterized in that, S is less than or greater than zero; The antenna further comprises a controller, a position sensor and a phase shifter connected to the controller; The phase shifter is in feeding connection with the radiating elements in the first radiating array and the radiating elements in the second radiating array; The position sensor is configured to detect the offset distance S of the second reflecting surface from the first reflecting surface; The controller is connected to the position sensor and the phase shifter; The controller is configured to send a control signal to the phase shifter according to a detection signal of the position sensor; The phase shifter is configured to adjust the phase difference Δλ of the first radiating array and the second radiating array according to the control signal; Δλ and S satisfy: Δλ / (S-nλ) = 1, where λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the first radiating array when propagating in space, and n is an integer.

12. The antenna of any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein, The rotating mechanism comprises a motor, a rotating shaft and a fixing frame, the fixing frame being fixedly connected to the reflecting plate; One end of the rotating shaft is connected to an output shaft of the motor, and the other end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the fixing frame; The output shaft of the motor is configured to drive the reflecting plate to rotate through the output shaft and the fixing frame.

13. The antenna according to claim 12, characterized in that, The fixing frame is fixed to an edge of the reflecting plate, or the fixing frame is fixed to a middle part of the reflecting plate.

14. The antenna of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein, The antenna further comprises a feeding network; When the antenna comprises a plurality of the reflecting plates, the feeding network is in feeding connection with the radiating arrays in the plurality of the reflecting plates; When the antenna comprises a plurality of the reflecting plates, the antenna comprises a plurality of the feeding networks, each of the feeding networks being in feeding connection with the radiating arrays in the corresponding reflecting plate.

15. A communication device, characterized by The communication device further comprises a baseband processing unit connected to the feeding network in the antenna.

16. The communication device of claim 15, wherein, The baseband processing unit is connected to the feeding network, or the antenna comprises a radio frequency processing unit, and the baseband processing unit is connected to the feeding network through the radio frequency processing unit.

17. The communication device of claim 15, wherein, The communication device further comprises a baseband processing unit connected to the feeding network in the antenna.

18. A communication system, characterized by The baseband processing unit is connected to the feeding network, or the antenna comprises a radio frequency processing unit, and the baseband processing unit is connected to the feeding network through the radio frequency processing unit. The communication device further comprises a baseband processing unit connected to the feeding network in the antenna. The baseband processing unit is connected to the feeding network, or the antenna comprises a radio frequency processing unit, and the baseband processing unit is connected to the feeding network through the radio frequency processing unit. The communication device further comprises a baseband processing unit connected to the feeding network in the antenna. The baseband processing unit is connected to the feeding network, or the antenna comprises a radio frequency processing unit, and the baseband processing unit is connected to the feeding network through the radio frequency processing unit.

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