Terminal, base station, and communication method

Abstract

The present invention appropriately configures a parameter for a terminal in a wireless communication system. This terminal comprises: a control circuit that saves, in advance, parameters related to configurations for camp-on or initial access to a network; and a communication circuit that transmits or receives a camp-on or an initial access signal on the basis of the parameters.

Description

Terminal, base station, and communication method

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal, a base station, and a communication method.

[0002] Further expansion of communication systems known as 5th Generation mobile communication systems (5G) is currently being considered. 5G is being considered to provide flexible functions for each use case that requires increased communication traffic, an increased number of connected devices, high reliability, and low latency.

[0003] RP-241650, “Revised WID Enhancements of network energy savings for NR,” Ericsson, Apple, June 17-20, 2024

[0004] However, there is room for further consideration regarding the setting of parameters for terminals in wireless communication systems.

[0005] Non-limiting embodiments of the present disclosure contribute to providing a terminal, a base station, and a communication method that can appropriately set parameters for a terminal in a wireless communication system.

[0006] A terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a control circuit that pre-stores parameters related to setting up camp-on or initial access to a network, and a communication circuit that transmits or receives signals for the camp-on or initial access based on the parameters.

[0007] These comprehensive or specific aspects may be realized as a system, an apparatus, a method, an integrated circuit, a computer program, or a recording medium, or may be realized as any combination of a system, an apparatus, a method, an integrated circuit, a computer program, and a recording medium.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, parameters for a terminal in a wireless communication system can be appropriately set.

[0009] Further advantages and benefits of an embodiment of the present disclosure will become apparent from the specification and drawings. Such advantages and / or benefits may be provided by some of the embodiments and features described in the specification and drawings, respectively, but not necessarily all of them may be provided to obtain one or more identical features.

[0010] 1. A diagram showing an example of the operation of NES (Network Energy Saving) 2. A block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a part of a base station 3. A block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a part of a terminal 4. A diagram showing an example of parameter setting 5. A diagram showing an example of frequency band setting 6. A diagram showing an example of a communication area 7. A diagram showing an example of connection in a factory 8. A diagram showing an example of the operation of a base station and a terminal 9. A block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a base station 10. A block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a terminal 11. A diagram showing an example of transmission of an UL WUS (Uplink wake up signal) 12. A diagram of an example architecture of a 3GPP NR system 13. A diagram of an example functional division in 5G O-RAN

[0011] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0012] The international standardization organization 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) is studying a communication system that is an even more advanced version of 5G, known as 5G-Advanced. 3GPP is also studying communication systems beyond 5G, known as Beyond 5G or 6G, which will include further increases in communication traffic, an increase in the number of connected devices, enhanced reliability and low latency, integration with AI / ML (Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning), integration with sensing, and expansion into ubiquitous communications.

[0013] A terminal (e.g., also referred to as UE (User Equipment)) may enter a state called "idle / inactive mode" when powered on. A terminal in idle / inactive mode registers its location with the tracking area in which it is located. In idle / inactive mode, if the terminal is camped on a cell (also referred to as a network, base station, gNB, or eNB) within the tracking area, the terminal monitors paging from the cell where the terminal is camped on. In addition, in order to transmit a Random Access Channel (RACH) when data to be transmitted is generated, the terminal acquires synchronization with the cell using a synchronization signal (e.g., Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) / Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS)) transmitted from the cell, and receives a Master Information Block (MIB) and an SIB1 and a System Information Block (SIB) including parameters used for communication based on information notified from the MIB. For example, the tracking area may be notified by the SIB1.

[0014] Furthermore, the terminal may measure the received power of synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) of multiple cells surrounding the terminal, and change the cell in which it is camped to a cell with higher received power. When the terminal moves (changes) cells, the terminal acquires synchronization with the destination cell, receives MIB and SIB1, and checks whether the tracking area has changed. When the tracking area has changed, the terminal performs location registration in the new cell. For example, the terminal transmits a RACH to the cell, and then exchanges messages in RRC (Radio Resource Control) to register its location, and then begins monitoring the cell again. Here, the cell does not accurately know how many terminals are camped on the cell.

[0015] [NES WUS] In NR Release 19 (Rel. 19) Network Energy Saving (NES) (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1), a method is being considered for utilizing an uplink wakeup signal (UL-WUS) to request that a cell be in the ON state. In NES, when no terminals are connected to a cell or when there are no terminals in the vicinity of the cell, a method is being considered for reducing the signal transmitted by the cell to reduce the cell's power consumption. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, a terminal transmits a request to change the cell from the OFF state to the ON state according to the following steps: 0) A cell corresponding to the NES (hereinafter also referred to as the "NES cell") transmits an SSB including a synchronization signal. The terminal uses the SSB to synchronize with the NES cell and measure the cell's reception quality. Note that in Case 3 of FIG. 1, the NES cell may not transmit an SSB. 1) The NES cell or Cell A, which is on the network side, transmits configuration related to the UL-WUS. Cell A is a cell supporting the NES cell. For example, it is assumed that within the same operator, information about the NES cell is sent from Cell A to the terminal. 2) When the terminal wants to turn the NES cell ON, it sends UL-WUS to the NES cell or Cell A. 3) When the network decides to turn the cell ON, the NES cell or Cell A, which is on the network side, sends the SIB1 of the NES cell (e.g., on-demand SIB1) to the terminal.

[0016] In Figure 1, Case 1 assumes that the NES cell transmits and receives according to steps 0) to 3) above. Case 2 assumes that Cell A transmits according to step 1) above. Case 3 assumes that Cell A transmits and receives according to steps 1) to 3) above. In addition, in Case 3, there are two possible cases: the NES cell transmits SSB and the terminal measures the reception quality in advance, and the NES cell does not transmit SSB, and Cell A notifies the terminal of its existence.

[0017] The SSB includes synchronization signals (e.g., PSS and SSS) and broadcast channels (e.g., PBCH: Physical broadcast channel). The PBCH transmits, for example, the MIB.

[0018] In addition, regarding the ON state of a cell, possible operations include determining that the cell is ON by sending SIB1, determining that the cell is ON by sending another SIB different from SIB1, determining that the cell is ON when the RACH is configured, or notifying that the cell is ON via MIB.

[0019] [NPN] NPN (non-public network) is a network that is deployed in a different frequency band or location from the public network. NPN is also known as local 5G or private network. For example, a Stand-alone Non-Public Network (SNPN) can operate using only the NPN without using a public network. In Japan, a service called "sXGP (shared extended global platform)" is being implemented in the 1.9 GHz band as a Private LTE based on LTE, and Local 5G is expected to operate in the 28.2 GHz to 28.3 GHz or 4.6 GHz to 4.9 GHz band.

[0020] When considering NES in an NPN, there may be cases where a cell supporting the NPN's NES cell, such as Cell A described above, does not exist. In an NPN, it is assumed that an NPN is set up locally for a specific service in a specific area, such as an office, factory, plant, or hospital. In such a deployment, it is assumed that a cell such as Cell A that covers a wide area cannot be installed due to cost.

[0021] Therefore, for example, in an NPN, it is assumed that the NES cell notifies the UL-WUS and other configuration information, as in Case 1 in Fig. 1. However, the more configuration information is transmitted from the NES cell, or the more frequently the configuration information is transmitted, the less effective it may be in reducing network power consumption.

[0022] [Beyond 5G / 6G] Research has begun on a communications system beyond 5G, called Beyond 5G. Beyond 5G is a general term that includes 6G. Just as 4G LTE evolved into 5G New Radio (NR), a new RAT (Radio Access Technology) may be considered for 6G. Furthermore, 6G is expected to support even more use cases than 5G and support a wider variety of devices, resulting in even more configuration information. However, the more configuration information is required, the more communication between the network and devices for configuration, potentially resulting in increased power consumption.

[0023] Therefore, 6G is expected to introduce mechanisms to reduce the power consumption of NES or terminals, such as reducing the payload size and frequency of sending and receiving configuration information between the network and terminals.

[0024] Therefore, in a non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure, a method is described for reducing the power consumption of the network (base station) and the terminal by reducing the transmission and reception of configuration information (e.g., configuration parameters) between the network and the terminal.

[0025] For example, the terminal stores in advance setting parameters for camping on a network and monitoring a base station in idle mode or inactive mode, or setting parameters for performing initial access. Also, for example, the terminal selects parameters to be used for camping on or initial access according to preset conditions.

[0026] This reduces the frequency with which the network transmits configuration information, thereby reducing power consumption of the network and the terminal. Also, it reduces the frequency with which the terminal monitors configuration information, thereby reducing power consumption of the terminal. Therefore, according to non-limiting examples of the present disclosure, for example, it is possible to support a wide variety of communication scenarios and reduce power consumption of the network or the terminal even when a large number of parameter settings are used.

[0027] [Examples of Configuration Parameters] In non-limiting examples of the present disclosure, the parameters configured between the network and the terminal may be one or more of the following parameters: The configuration parameters may also be part of other parameters configured by the MIB or SIB, for example, in 5G.

[0028] <Frequency bands> Frequency bands used in NPN, frequency bands that differ by country, frequency bands that differ by operator, frequency bands used in unlicensed bands, frequency bands set for 6G, etc.

[0029] <SCS (Subcarrier Spacing)> 15kHz, 30kHz, 60kHz, 120kHz, 240kHz, 480kHz, 960kHz, 1920kHz

[0030] <BWP (Band width part)> - SCS may be set within BWP. - CP (Cyclic Prefix) length setting - Value indicating which position and size (e.g., how many PRBs (Physical Resource Blocks)) of the frequency band is used for transmission and reception between the base station and terminal. For example, different values ​​may be set for UL (Uplink) and DL (Downlink), such as UL BWP and DL BWP. - PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel) setting, PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel) setting, and PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel) setting within BWP

[0031] <SSB> - The position of the frequency raster where the SSB is placed, the time position and time period of the SSB, the number of SSB indices, the number of SSB repetitions, the sequence number associated with the PSS and SSS IDs, and the SSB SCS - The longer the SSB transmission period, the more the base station's received power can be reduced, but it may also take longer for the terminal to find a cell.

[0032] <SIB> - Information notified in an SIB for idle / inactive mode UE, an SIB for initial access, or other SIB - The frequency position where the SIB is placed, the SIB period, the frequency position and time position of the PDCCH where DCI (Downlink Control Information) specifying the time and frequency position of the SIB is placed, and the time period - Settings such as which SIB information is to be stored in the terminal in advance and which SIB information is to be transmitted from the base station via RRC may be included.

[0033] <WUS> The frequency position, time position, and time period of the WUS, which is a signal that indicates whether or not to monitor a paging signal in the downlink. This WUS is transmitted in the DL and is used to cause a terminal to monitor the base station, so it may be called a "DL-WUS."

[0034] <UL-WUS> In the uplink, the frequency position, time position, and time period of the signal that the terminal sends to the base station requesting that the base station be turned on.

[0035] <RACH> RACH format, correspondence between RACH and SSB, RACH preamble settings

[0036] <PDCCH settings for transmitting paging> Paging cycle, time position, search space for monitoring PDCCH that notifies paging

[0037] <Duplex mode> - TDD (Time Division Duplex), FDD (Frequency Division Duplex), SBFD (Sub-band non-overlapping Full duplex), and Full duplex settings - TDD and SBFD may include DL, UL, flexible, and switching symbol settings. TDD settings may be different for when a UE in normal connected mode connects and for NES mode. For NES mode, an OFF symbol may be newly set, which assumes that the base station does not transmit or receive.

[0038] Examples of setting parameters have been described above.

[0039] The above parameters may be set individually or as a parameter set. Furthermore, the time position is the position in the time direction where a signal specified by a frame, subframe, slot, symbol, etc. is allocated.

[0040] Furthermore, the above parameters and parameter values ​​are merely examples, and other parameters may be included, and other values ​​may be set.

[0041] [Overview of Communication System] The communication system according to this embodiment includes a base station 100 and a terminal 200 .

[0042] Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a portion of the base station 100. In the base station 100 shown in Fig. 2, a control unit (e.g., corresponding to a control circuit) stores in advance parameters (or a parameter set) related to the setting of camp-on or initial access to the network by the terminal 200. A communication unit (e.g., corresponding to a communication circuit) transmits or receives a camp-on or initial access signal based on the parameters.

[0043] 3 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a portion of terminal 200 (e.g., corresponding to a communication device). In terminal 200 shown in FIG. 3, a control unit (e.g., corresponding to a control circuit) pre-stores parameters (or a parameter set) related to setting camp on or initial access to a network. A communication unit (e.g., corresponding to a communication circuit) transmits or receives a camp on or initial access signal based on the parameters.

[0044] (First Embodiment) In this embodiment, a method for storing setting information in terminal 200 will be described.

[0045] For example, a parameter or a parameter set is stored in the terminal 200 according to an application or specification of an application layer, a communication block, or a SIM (Subscriber Identity Module). In addition, for example, the parameter and the parameter set stored in the terminal 200 are also stored in a network (for example, the base station 100).

[0046] This allows the operation settings to be stored in the terminal 200, so that the amount of information in the control signal that the terminal 200 receives from the base station 100 can be reduced.

[0047] An example of operation according to this embodiment will be described below.

[0048] [Operation Example 1] In operation example 1, a parameter or a parameter set is stored in the application layer of the terminal 200 or in the communication block of the terminal 200.

[0049] The storage in the application layer may be a setting via an application server, or information set from the application server may be stored in the terminal 200. The application server may be located outside the cellular network, for example, or may be set in the cloud or the like. The connection between the application server and the terminal 200 may be via a cellular network configured of the base station 100 and the core network, or via the Internet or the like.

[0050] Data stored in the application layer or communication block may be updated, for example, by 3GPP signaling (eg, RRC messages).

[0051] According to the first operational example, the settings related to the operation can be implemented in the application layer of the terminal 200, which simplifies the settings for the operation.

[0052] [Operation Example 2] In Operation Example 2, parameters or parameter sets are stored in an applet, which is an application on a SIM card.

[0053] The SIM card may be, for example, a mini SIM, a micro SIM, a nano SIM, an embedded SIM (eSIM), or an intelligent SIM (iSIM). The SIM card may also be called a universal integrated circuit card (UICC).

[0054] For example, as shown in Fig. 4, the terminal 200 (device) sends a command to the SIM card, and the SIM applet sends a proactive command to the device, thereby enabling the reading of parameters or parameter sets from the SIM card. The device changes the settings of the terminal 200 using the parameters or parameter sets stored in the SIM card.

[0055] According to the second operational example, even if the device is changed, the same settings can be used in common as long as the SIM card is the same.

[0056] It should be noted that other commands may be inserted between the command from the device and the proactive command from the SIM card.

[0057] [Operation Example 3] In Operation Example 3, parameters or parameter sets are set in advance in the specifications (or standards).

[0058] For example, as shown in Table 1, parameters or parameter sets may be set according to the installation environment or application, such as for office use, factory use, or outdoor use. Note that the installation environment or application is not limited to those shown in Table 1, and other applications or settings may also be used. For example, settings for other applications, such as for indoor use, for an IoT (Internet of Things) terminal, or for use on an airplane, may be included.

[0059] Furthermore, multiple parameter sets may be set for the same purpose, as shown in Table 1. These parameter sets are held by terminal 200.

[0060] According to the third operational example, for example, when a parameter set number is specified, the terminal 200 can set a plurality of parameters included in the specified parameter set.

[0061] Furthermore, some parameters may be updatable by control signals such as RRC, MAC (Medium Access Control), or PDCCH.

[0062] An example of operation according to this embodiment has been described above.

[0063] The above operation examples can be used in combination. Some parameters may be set (or saved) according to operation example 3, and other parameters may be saved according to operation example 1 or operation example 2.

[0064] Thus, according to this embodiment, the terminal 200 stores parameters or parameter sets related to setting up camp on or initial access to the network in advance, and transmits or receives signals for camp on or initial access based on the stored parameters or parameter sets. For example, the terminal 200 stores parameters or parameter sets according to an application layer, a communication block, an SIM application, or specifications. In addition, the base station 100 (e.g., a network) stores parameters and parameter sets similar to the parameters or parameter sets stored in the terminal 200.

[0065] This allows appropriate setting of parameters for terminal 200 in the wireless communication system. Also, for example, the frequency with which the network transmits setting information and the frequency with which terminal 200 monitors setting information can be reduced, thereby reducing power consumption. Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, operation-related settings can be stored in terminal 200, thereby reducing the amount of information in control signals received by terminal 200.

[0066] Therefore, according to the present embodiment, for example, even when NES is applied in an NPN, it is possible to reduce the frequency of transmission of configuration information from the network (for example, an NES cell) and reduce the frequency with which terminal 200 monitors the configuration information, thereby reducing the power consumption of the network and terminal 200. Furthermore, for example, even when various use cases (communication scenarios) are supported in Beyond 5G, it is possible to reduce the power consumption of the network and terminal 200 by storing configuration parameters in advance in terminal 200.

[0067] (Embodiment 2) In this embodiment, a method will be described in which terminal 200 uses (or selects) setting information (e.g., parameters or parameter sets) stored in terminal 200 according to predetermined conditions. For example, terminal 200 selects parameters or parameter sets to be used for camp on or initial access processing from parameters or parameter sets stored (e.g., stored in advance) in terminal 200 based on predetermined conditions.

[0068] This allows the terminal 200 to vary (or change) the parameters or parameter sets to be used depending on the conditions, making it possible to use parameters that suit the environment or performance of the terminal 200.

[0069] An example of operation according to this embodiment will be described below.

[0070] [Operation Example 1] In Operation Example 1, terminal 200 determines the parameter or parameter set to use depending on the frequency band. That is, in Operation Example 1, the above-described condition is a condition based on the frequency band.

[0071] For example, a frequency band for preferentially detecting the base station 100 (or cell) may be set in advance.

[0072] For example, as shown in Fig. 5, in the frequency band for NPN, terminal 200 uses parameters or a parameter set for NPN. When parameters or a parameter set for NPN are set in terminal 200 connectable by NPN, terminal 200 for NPN can detect a base station for NPN, and other terminals 200 that do not support NPN may not detect a base station for NPN. This can reduce the opportunities for base station 100 to transmit a signal for other terminals 200. Furthermore, because terminal 200 does not need to transmit a signal to a cell to which it cannot connect, power consumption of terminal 200 can also be reduced.

[0073] Furthermore, for example, the terminal 200 that supports NPN may prioritize detection of the base station 100 (or a cell) in the frequency band for NPN. Furthermore, if the terminal 200 cannot detect the base station 100 in the frequency band for NPN, the terminal 200 may detect the base station 100 in another public frequency band using different parameters (for example, parameters corresponding to the public frequency band).

[0074] In the terminal 200, priorities may be set in advance for frequency bands to be detected.

[0075] Furthermore, operation example 1 can be applied to other than NPN, and for example, parameters or parameter sets can be set for each frequency band for public networks and unlicensed bands as well.

[0076] Furthermore, by setting parameters according to the frequency band, the terminal 200 can determine the parameters before receiving the SSB containing the synchronization signal, thereby reducing the frequency with which the SSB is monitored and the frequency with which the network side transmits the SSB, thereby reducing power consumption.

[0077] [Operation Example 2] In Operation Example 2, terminal 200 determines the parameter or parameter set to use according to location information of terminal 200. That is, in Operation Example 2, the above-mentioned condition is a condition based on the location information of terminal 200.

[0078] The location information may be, for example, location information obtained from a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), a Global Positioning System (GPS), an Ultra Wide Band (UWB), a Wifi (registered trademark) access point, or another base station, or information recognized or measured by the terminal 200 from an application or other method.

[0079] As shown in the example of FIG. 6, the terminal 200 may use different parameters or parameter sets in each of areas A, B, and C identified from the location information.

[0080] For example, if areas A and B in Fig. 6 are areas operated by base station 100 for NPN, terminal 200 may use parameters or parameter sets for NPN in areas A and B. Also, if area C in Fig. 6 is an area that includes areas A and B, terminal 200 may use parameters or parameter sets for public networks in areas of area C excluding areas A and B.

[0081] According to operation example 2, in an area where it is highly likely that an NPN is providing service, terminal 200 can detect an NPN cell by using parameters or a parameter set for the NPN. Furthermore, in areas other than the area where it is highly likely that an NPN is providing service, terminal 200 does not detect an NPN cell (for example, does not use parameters or a parameter set for the NPN), and therefore power consumption of terminal 200 can be reduced.

[0082] 6, for example, terminal 200 that cannot receive the service of the NPN uses parameters or a parameter set for area C. This allows base station 100 to reduce the frequency with which it transmits signals to other terminals 200 that cannot receive the service in the NPN cell.

[0083] Furthermore, the second operational example can be applied to other networks besides NPNs, and for example, parameters or parameter sets can be set for each area for public networks and unlicensed bands as well.

[0084] For example, the area that can be served by base station 100 is determined by the installation location and transmission power of base station 100, and therefore a parameter or parameter set can be set according to that area using location information of terminal 200. Note that the installation information of base station 100 may be set in terminal 200 by, for example, the method of embodiment 1.

[0085] Furthermore, by setting parameters according to the area, the terminal 200 can determine the parameters before receiving an SSB containing a synchronization signal, thereby reducing the frequency with which the SSB is monitored or the frequency with which the network side transmits SSB, thereby reducing power consumption.

[0086] [Operation Example 3] In Operation Example 3, terminal 200 determines a parameter or a parameter set to use according to a cell ID (information for identifying a cell). That is, in Operation Example 3, the above-described condition is a condition based on the cell ID.

[0087] For example, the physical cell ID (PID) uses a value determined by detecting the PSS and SSS sequences of SSB. For example, in NR, N_ID(1) is determined from the SSS with a value between 0 and 335, and N_ID(2) is determined from the PSS with a value between 0 and 2. 1008 different IDs are used depending on the combination of N_ID(1) and N_ID(2).

[0088] For example, when the terminal 200 detects a specific ID from among these IDs, the terminal 200 may use a parameter or parameter set that has been stored in advance.

[0089] Also, for example, a new sequence may be set to N_ID(1) or N_ID(2), and more IDs than the 1008 used in existing NR may be set. In this case, when terminal 200 detects a specific ID, terminal 200 may use a specific parameter or parameter set.

[0090] According to operation example 3, terminal 200 can identify the parameters or parameter set to be used by detecting SSB (PSS and SSS) and identifying the cell ID. Therefore, the amount of information in the control signal (e.g., MIB, SIB, dedicated RRC) transmitted after terminal 200 receives PSS and SSS can be reduced, and power consumption of base station 100 can be reduced.

[0091] Furthermore, since the terminal 200 can set up communication with a cell using pre-stored parameters for a cell with a specific cell ID, the power consumption of the terminal 200 can also be reduced.

[0092] [Operation Example 4] In Operation Example 4, the terminal 200 determines the parameter or parameter set to be used according to CGI (Cell Global Identity). That is, in Operation Example 4, the above-described condition is a condition based on CGI.

[0093] For example, the CGI includes a Mobile Country Code (MCC), a Mobile Network Code (MNC), a Location Area Code (LAC), and a Cell Identification (CI). The terminal 200 may determine the parameters and parameter sets using at least a part of these codes.

[0094] Furthermore, terminal 200 may determine a parameter or a parameter set to use based on, for example, a public land mobile network (PLMN) configured from an MCC and an MNC. For example, in a cell having a PLMN called a Home PLMN, which has the same numbers as the MCC and MNC portions of an IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity) of a SIM included in terminal 200, terminal 200 may preferentially use a specific parameter or a parameter set.

[0095] According to the fourth operational example, the terminal 200 can use a specific parameter or parameter set among the stored parameters or parameter sets in the cell of the operator that issued the SIM, thereby reducing the amount of information in the control signal. Also, for example, in the case of an NPN, the operator number of the NMC can be identified by the PLMN.

[0096] [Operation Example 5] In Operation Example 5, the terminal 200 determines the parameter or parameter set to use based on the MIB or SIB. That is, in Operation Example 5, the above-mentioned condition is a condition based on the setting from the base station 100 (for example, the setting by the MIB or SIB).

[0097] For example, it is assumed that the MIB is transmitted together with the PSS / SSS. For example, the base station 100 notifies a parameter number or a parameter set number using the MIB. In this case, the terminal 200 acquires synchronization using the PSS / SSS and then receives the MIB (e.g., the parameter number or the parameter set number), thereby recognizing (or identifying) the parameter and parameter set to be set from among the parameters or parameter sets stored in advance. Note that the parameters that can be identified by the MIB may include control signals transmitted using SIB1 and other SIBs.

[0098] According to operation example 5, for example, terminal 200 can select parameters or parameter sets to use based on the MIB, thereby reducing the amount of information in control signals (e.g., including SIB and dedicated RRC) transmitted after the MIB, thereby allowing base station 100 to reduce power consumption.

[0099] It is assumed that SIB1 is scheduled by a PDCCH specified by the MIB. For example, base station 100 may notify a parameter or a parameter set using SIB1. This reduces the amount of information in the control signal transmitted using SIB1 and the amount of information in the control signal (e.g., SIB or dedicated RRC) transmitted after SIB1. Note that SIB1 may be called by another name.

[0100] Furthermore, notification of a parameter set using MIB or SIB1 may be combined with an ID or code in Operation Example 3 (cell ID) or Operation Example 4 (CGI). For example, as shown in Table 2, the parameter set selected for notification of MIB or SIB1 may differ depending on the combination of a cell ID (e.g., Cell#A or Cell#B) or code. This allows terminal 200 to select an appropriate parameter set using MIB or SIB1 after multiple parameter sets suitable for the cell are stored (pre-set) in terminal 200 in advance.

[0101] [Operation Example 6] In Operation Example 6, terminal 200 determines a parameter or a parameter set to use based on the capability (also referred to as capability, UE capability, or terminal ability) of terminal 200. That is, in Operation Example 6, the above-mentioned condition is a condition based on the performance (capability) of terminal 200.

[0102] The capabilities of terminal 200 may include, for example, information regarding IoT-related RedCap (Reduced Capability), eRedCap (enhanced RedCap), A-IoT (ambient IoT), MTC (Machine Type Communication), required delay amount, traffic volume, etc.

[0103] For example, as shown in Fig. 7, it is conceivable that a base station to which a robot is connected and a base station to which an IoT terminal is connected are separated depending on the application in a factory, etc. In this case, different parameters or parameter sets are set for the capabilities of each terminal 200 (e.g., robot and IoT terminal), so that the terminal 200 can select a cell to connect to (or a parameter or parameter set to be used).

[0104] For example, by setting the SSB ID and frequency / time position as parameters, the terminal 200 can detect a specific cell according to the capabilities of the terminal 200.

[0105] [Operation Example 7] In Operation Example 7, the terminal 200 determines a parameter or a parameter set to use based on time information (for example, time of day, time period, etc.). That is, in Operation Example 7, the above-mentioned condition is a condition based on time information.

[0106] For example, multiple parameters or parameter sets (candidates) may be set (saved) in the terminal 200. The terminal 200 may use different (changeable) parameters or parameter sets, for example, during daytime hours, nighttime hours, weekdays, holidays, etc. For example, by setting a longer SSB cycle for hours when the terminal 200 is not operating, such as at night or on holidays in an office or factory, it becomes possible to set a setting that further reduces power consumption.

[0107] [Operation Example 8] In Operation Example 8, the terminal 200 determines a parameter or a parameter set to be used based on a notification from a higher layer. In Operation Example 8, the above-mentioned condition is a condition based on a setting from the base station 100 (for example, a setting based on a higher layer parameter).

[0108] The upper layer may include, for example, an application layer, or may be RRC or MAC in 3GPP.

[0109] According to the eighth operational example, the operator can instruct the terminal 200 on an appropriate parameter or parameter set.

[0110] An example of operation according to this embodiment has been described above.

[0111] In the above operation example, after determining the parameters or parameter set, if the terminal 200 detects a cell based on the determined parameters or parameter set, the terminal 200 may transmit a UL-WUS or a RACH using the determined parameters or parameter set. For example, if the terminal 200 wants to turn on a specific cell, the terminal 200 may transmit a UL-WUS based on the time, frequency, and sequence information set using the determined parameters or parameter set for the UL-WUS associated with the specific cell. By transmitting a UL-WUS, the terminal 200 can notify the base station 100 that the terminal 200 is located near the base station 100. Parameters related to the UL-WUS may be set based on a cell ID, an SSB index, the terminal 200 ID, the terminal 200 capability, a terminal 200 group, etc. Furthermore, the UL-WUS may be common between SSBs or multiple cells. Furthermore, a response to the UL-WUS may include information on which cell to turn on. This response may be called "Message 2."

[0112] Alternatively, after transmitting the UL-WUS and receiving a response regarding the UL-WUS, terminal 200 may transmit a separate signal requesting which of multiple cells or which SSBs to turn ON. This signal may be called "Message 3."

[0113] Furthermore, in the above operation example, after determining the parameters or parameter set, when terminal 200 wants to turn the cell ON, terminal 200 may transmit the RACH based on the time, frequency, and sequence information set using the determined parameters or parameter set. By transmitting the RACH, terminal 200 can notify base station 100 that there is a terminal 200 that requests communication with base station 100.

[0114] [Example of Operation of Base Station and Terminal] FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of operation of the base station 100 (network or cell) and the terminal 200 (UE).

[0115] In FIG. 8, base station 100 and terminal 200 store parameters or parameter settings in advance, for example, by the method described in the first embodiment.

[0116] <Example of Network (Base Station 100) Operation> In Fig. 8, the base station 100 (e.g., a cell in NES mode) transmits an SSB. This SSB may have a different time period or frequency value from the SSB when the terminal 200 connects to the cell in an RRC connected state or when no parameters or parameter sets are configured in advance, or may be the same SSB.

[0117] The base station 100 (e.g., a cell in NES mode) monitors whether or not a UL-WUS is transmitted. If the base station 100 (e.g., a cell in NES mode) detects a UL-WUS, the base station 100 transmits an SIB and an SSB because the terminal 200 (UE) is able to camp on the cell. This SSB may be, for example, an SSB that is allocated at a different time (e.g., a different time period) and frequency than the SSB before transmitting the UL-WUS. On the other hand, if the base station 100 (e.g., a cell in NES mode) does not detect a UL-WUS, it may continue the above-described NES mode processing (SSB transmission and UL-WUS monitoring).

[0118] Next, the base station 100 (cell) monitors the RACH from the terminal 200. Furthermore, when the base station 100 receives a paging message addressed to the camped-on terminal 200, the base station 100 transmits the paging message to the terminal 200.

[0119] If there is no paging or RACH reception after a certain period of time (e.g., a timer has expired), the base station 100 may return to processing in the NES mode (e.g., SSB transmission and monitoring of the UL WUS).

[0120] <Example of operation of UE (terminal 200)> In Figure 8, terminal 200 determines the parameters or parameter set to use from the stored parameters or parameter sets in accordance with the method described in embodiment 2, and monitors the SSB based on the determined parameters or parameter set.

[0121] When the terminal 200 detects the SSB of the cell on which the terminal 200 wants to camp on, the terminal 200 transmits the UL-WUS corresponding to the cell in accordance with the determined parameter or parameter set settings.

[0122] Terminal 200 monitors SSB and SIB from base station 100 (cell). When terminal 200 detects SSB and SIB, terminal 200 camps on the cell and monitors paging, or transmits RACH if UL transmission is to be performed.

[0123] An example of the operation of the base station 100 and the terminal 200 has been described above.

[0124] As described above, according to the present embodiment, the terminal 200 stores parameters or parameter sets in advance, and determines (selects) the parameters or parameter sets to be used from the stored parameters or parameter sets according to the set conditions. This allows the terminal 200 to use (e.g., change) the set parameters for camping on or initial access to the network according to the conditions, thereby enabling communication according to the environment or performance of the terminal 200.

[0125] [Configuration of Base Station 100] Figure 9 is a block diagram showing an example configuration of a base station 100 according to a non-limiting example of the present disclosure. The base station 100 shown in Figure 9 includes a parameter storage unit 101, a parameter selection unit 102, an SSB generation unit 103, an error correction coding unit 104, a modulation unit 105, a signal allocation unit 106, a transmission unit 107, a reception unit 108, a signal separation unit 109, a UL-WUS detection unit 110, a demodulation unit 111, and an error correction decoding unit 112.

[0126] At least one of the parameter storage unit 101, parameter selection unit 102, SSB generation unit 103, error correction coding unit 104, modulation unit 105, signal allocation unit 106, signal separation unit 109, UL-WUS detection unit 110, demodulation unit 111, and error correction decoding unit 112 may be included in the control unit shown in Fig. 2. Also, at least one of the transmission unit 107 and reception unit 108 may be included in the communication unit shown in Fig. 2.

[0127] The parameter storage unit 101 stores parameters or parameter sets, for example, as described in the first embodiment, and outputs the stored parameters or parameter sets to the parameter selection unit 102 .

[0128] The parameter selection unit 102 selects (determines) parameters or parameter sets to be used from the parameters or parameter sets stored in the parameter storage unit 101, for example, based on setting conditions set in the base station 100. For example, when a UL-WUS is input from the UL-WUS detection unit 110, the parameter selection unit 102 may determine whether or not to transition the base station 100 to the ON state based on the UL-WUS, and may select parameters for the ON state if the base station 100 is to transition to the ON state. The parameter selection unit 102 may generate a control signal using the selected parameters or parameter set and output the control signal to the error correction coding unit 104. Furthermore, the parameter selection unit 102 generates setting information related to the SSB using the selected parameters or parameter set, and outputs the setting information to the SSB generation unit 103.

[0129] The SSB generation unit 103 determines the time period, frequency allocation and number of SSB indexes based on the setting information input from the parameter selection unit 102 , generates an SSB and outputs it to the signal allocation unit 106 .

[0130] The error correction coding unit 104 inputs a transmission data signal (e.g., a DL data signal) and a control signal from the parameter selection unit 102, performs error correction coding on the input signal, and outputs the error correction coded signal to the modulation unit 105.

[0131] Modulation section 105 modulates the signal input from error correction coding section 104 and outputs the modulated signal to signal allocation section 106 .

[0132] The signal allocation unit 106 allocates (maps) the signal input from the modulation unit 105 and the SSB input from the SSB generation unit 103 to resources (DL resources). The signal allocation unit 106 outputs the formed transmission signal to the transmission unit 107.

[0133] Transmitting section 107 performs radio transmission processing such as up-conversion on the transmission signal input from signal allocating section 106, and transmits the transmission signal after radio transmission processing to terminal 200 via an antenna.

[0134] Receiving section 108 receives a signal transmitted from terminal 200 via an antenna, and performs radio reception processing such as down-conversion on the received signal. Receiving section 108 outputs the received signal after reception processing to signal separating section 109.

[0135] The signal separator 109 outputs the signal in the area where the UL-WUS is located, out of the received signals input from the receiver 108, to the UL-WUS detector 110, and outputs the received data signal to the demodulator 111.

[0136] UL-WUS detection section 110 detects a UL-WUS from the signal input from signal separation section 109 and outputs information about the detected UL-WUS to parameter selection section 102 .

[0137] Demodulation section 111 performs demodulation processing on the received data signal input from signal separation section 109. Demodulation section 204 outputs the demodulated signal obtained by performing the demodulation processing to error correction decoding section 112.

[0138] The error correction decoder 112 decodes the demodulated signal input from the demodulator 111 to obtain received data (for example, a UL data signal).

[0139] [Configuration of terminal 200] Fig. 10 is a block diagram showing an example configuration of terminal 200 according to this embodiment. Terminal 200 shown in Fig. 10 has receiving section 201, signal separating section 202, SSB detecting section 203, demodulating section 204, error correction decoding section 205, parameter saving section 206, parameter selecting section 207, UL-WUS generating section 208, error correction coding section 209, modulating section 210, signal allocating section 211, and transmitting section 212.

[0140] At least one of the signal separation unit 202, SSB detection unit 203, demodulation unit 204, error correction decoding unit 205, parameter storage unit 206, parameter selection unit 207, UL-WUS generation unit 208, error correction coding unit 209, modulation unit 210, and signal allocation unit 211 may be included in the control unit shown in Fig. 3. At least one of the reception unit 201 and transmission unit 212 may be included in the communication unit shown in Fig. 3.

[0141] The receiving unit 201 receives a signal transmitted from the base station 100 via an antenna, and performs radio reception processing such as down-conversion on the received signal. The receiving unit 201 outputs the received signal after the radio reception processing to the signal separating unit 202.

[0142] Based on information input from the parameter selection unit 207 (including, for example, parameters related to SSB and parameters related to control signals), the signal separation unit 202 outputs the signals of the area where the SSB is placed and the signals of the area where the control signal is placed from the received signals input from the receiving unit 201 to the SSB detection unit 203, and outputs the DL data signal to the demodulation unit 204.

[0143] The SSB detection unit 203 detects an SSB from the signal input from the signal separation unit 202, acquires synchronization, and receives a control signal (for example, an MIB). The SSB detection unit 203 outputs the detected information to the parameter selection unit 207.

[0144] Demodulation section 204 performs demodulation processing on the received data signal input from signal separation section 202. Demodulation section 204 outputs the demodulated signal obtained by performing the demodulation processing to error correction decoding section 205.

[0145] The error correction decoding unit 205 decodes the demodulated signal input from the demodulation unit 204 and outputs it as received data. The error correction decoding unit 205 outputs the control signal included in the received data to the parameter storage unit 206.

[0146] The parameter storage unit 206 stores, for example, parameters and parameter sets that are set according to the method described in embodiment 1. The parameter storage unit 206 may also store or update parameters based on information received as a control signal input from the error correction decoding unit 205. The parameter storage unit 206 outputs the stored information to the parameter selection unit 207.

[0147] Parameter selection section 207 selects (determines) a parameter or parameter set to be used from the parameters or parameter sets stored in parameter storage section 206, for example, based on setting conditions set in terminal 200. For example, parameter selection section 207 may select a parameter or parameter set based on MIB information input from SSB detection section 203 and preset setting conditions. Parameter selection section 207 uses the selected parameter and parameter set to notify signal separation section 202 of information on the control signal to be received. Parameter selection section 207 also outputs parameter information for UL-WUS to UL-WUS generation section 208.

[0148] When requesting the base station 100 (cell) to be in the ON state, the UL-WUS generation unit 208 generates a UL-WUS based on the setting information input from the parameter selection unit 207 and outputs it to the signal allocation unit 211.

[0149] The error correction coding section 209 receives a transmission data signal (UL data signal) as input, performs error correction coding on the transmission data signal, and outputs the error correction coded data signal to the modulation section 210 .

[0150] Modulation section 210 modulates the signal input from error correction coding section 209 and outputs the modulated signal to signal allocation section 211 .

[0151] The signal allocating unit 211 allocates resources to the signal input from the modulating unit 210 or the UL-WUS input from the UL-WUS generating unit 208. After allocating resources, the signal allocating unit 211 outputs a transmission signal to the transmitting unit 212.

[0152] The transmitter 212 performs radio transmission processing such as up-conversion on the transmission signal input from the signal allocation unit 211, and transmits the transmission signal after radio transmission processing to the base station 100 via an antenna.

[0153] The above describes each embodiment.

[0154] [Modification] As a modification, for example, if the terminal 200 cannot detect a cell using a first parameter, the terminal 200 may use the next parameter. For example, a priority order of use may be set for multiple parameters. For example, if the robot cell is not in the ON state, the terminal 200 can connect to the IoT cell even if it is a robot.

[0155] Furthermore, when selecting a cell, an offset may be used for the SSB reception strength and RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power). The offset value may be determined based on the cell and the capabilities of terminal 200 supported by the cell. For example, when the value of (RSPR + Offset) of the first target cell is equal to or greater than a threshold, terminal 200 may use parameters related to the first target cell and transmit a UL-WUS for the first target cell. Furthermore, when the value of (RSPR + Offset) is less than a threshold, terminal 200 may select parameters of another cell whose RSRP is equal to or greater than the threshold and transmit a UL-WUS. In this way, setting the priority of each cell based on an offset makes it easier to preferentially select parameters related to a camped on or connected cell.

[0156] Furthermore, cell selection may be determined using location information and an offset instead of RSRP.

[0157] Furthermore, in the second embodiment, if there are no parameters that satisfy the pre-set conditions, the terminal 200 may detect the base station 100 (cell) without using the pre-stored parameters. For example, if the conditions are not for a cell that supports NPN (also called an NPN cell), the terminal 200 may detect the public network without relying on the stored parameters. Furthermore, if the tracking area or country changes, the terminal 200 may detect the base station 100 from the initial state.

[0158] Furthermore, in the second embodiment, if there are parameters that satisfy the conditions, even if the base station 100 transmits settings for other control information and the terminal 200 receives that information, the terminal 200 may use the parameters stored in the terminal 200, regardless of the setting information received from the base station 100. This makes it possible to operate a specific terminal 200 with specific parameters, for example.

[0159] Furthermore, the above-described operation examples may be used in combination.

[0160] In addition, the parameters and parameter sets for NPN that are stored and used in advance may include information set in the MIB, SIB, dedicated RRC, MAC CE (Control Element), PDCCH, etc. in the public network.

[0161] In addition, the 6G parameters and parameter sets that are stored and used in advance may include information that is set in MIB, SIB, dedicated RRC, MAC CE, PDCCH, etc. in public networks up to 5G.

[0162] Also, SSB may be called by a different name as long as it includes a signal for synchronization.

[0163] Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 11 , when base station 100 receives a UL-WUS from terminal 200 requesting that a specific cell (e.g., Cell #2) be turned on, if base station 100 cannot turn on the specific cell (e.g., Cell #2), it may transmit a signal to another base station requesting that other surrounding cells (e.g., Cell #1) be turned on. The request signal may be transmitted using, for example, an interface between base stations (Xn interface). This allows terminal 200 to transmit a UL-WUS to a base station 100 that is closer to terminal 200, thereby reducing UL transmission power.

[0164] Furthermore, the method of notifying the control information from the base station 100 to the terminal 200 is not limited to the above-mentioned example, and may be notified (or reported, indicated, or set) by at least one of system information such as MIB and SIB, RRC control information, MAC control information, and downlink control information (DCI), or may be set in advance in the terminal 200, or may be specified in advance in a standard.

[0165] The base station may be referred to as a gNodeB or a gNB, and the terminal may be referred to as a UE.

[0166] A time resource unit such as a slot may be replaced with another unit such as a system frame, time slot, minislot, frame, subframe, or block.

[0167] Furthermore, the notation "... section" in the above-described embodiments may be replaced with other notations such as "... circuitry," "... device," "... unit," or "... module."

[0168] It should be noted that terms such as "interpretation," "identification," "judgment," "determination," "decision," "calculation," "grasp," "recognition," "confirmation," or "understanding" may be used interchangeably.

[0169] (Supplementary Note) Information indicating whether the terminal 200 supports the functions, operations, or processes described in the above-described embodiments may be transmitted (or notified) from the terminal 200 to the base station 100, for example, as capability information or capability parameters of the terminal 200.

[0170] The capability information may include an information element (IE) that individually indicates whether or not the terminal 200 supports at least one of the functions, operations, or processes described in the above-described embodiments. Alternatively, the capability information may include an information element that indicates whether or not the terminal 200 supports a combination of any two or more of the functions, operations, or processes described in the above-described embodiments.

[0171] For example, the base station 100 may determine (or decide or assume) the functions, operations, or processes that the terminal 200 that transmitted the capability information supports (or does not support) based on the capability information received from the terminal 200. The base station 100 may perform operations, processes, or controls according to the determination result based on the capability information. For example, the base station 100 may control UL WUS communication based on the capability information received from the terminal 200.

[0172] Note that the fact that terminal 200 does not support some of the functions, operations, or processes described in the above-described embodiments may be interpreted as meaning that such some of the functions, operations, or processes are restricted in terminal 200. For example, information or a request regarding such restrictions may be notified to base station 100.

[0173] Information regarding the capabilities or limitations of terminal 200 may, for example, be defined in a standard, or may be implicitly notified to base station 100 in association with information known at base station 100 or information transmitted to base station 100.

[0174] (Control Signal) In the present disclosure, a downlink control signal (or downlink control information) related to an embodiment of the present disclosure may be, for example, a signal (or information) transmitted in a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) of a physical layer, or a signal (or information) transmitted in a Medium Access Control Control Element (MAC CE) or Radio Resource Control (RRC) of a higher layer. Furthermore, the signal (or information) is not limited to being notified by a downlink control signal, but may be predefined in a specification (or standard) or preconfigured in a base station and a terminal.

[0175] In the present disclosure, an uplink control signal (or uplink control information) related to an embodiment of the present disclosure may be, for example, a signal (or information) transmitted in a PUCCH of a physical layer, or a signal (or information) transmitted in a MAC CE or RRC of a higher layer. Furthermore, the signal (or information) is not limited to being notified by an uplink control signal, but may be predefined in a specification (or standard) or preconfigured in a base station and a terminal. Furthermore, the uplink control signal may be replaced with, for example, uplink control information (UCI), 1st stage sidelink control information (SCI), or 2nd stage SCI.

[0176] (Base Station) In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the base station may be a Transmission Reception Point (TRP), a cluster head, an access point, a Remote Radio Head (RRH), an eNodeB (eNB), a gNodeB (gNB), a Base Station (BS), a Base Transceiver Station (BTS), a parent device, a gateway, or the like. In sidelink communication, a terminal may play the role of a base station. Instead of a base station, a relay device that relays communication between an upper node and a terminal may be used. Alternatively, a roadside unit may be used.

[0177] (Uplink / Downlink / Sidelink) An embodiment of the present disclosure may be applied to, for example, any of the uplink, downlink, and sidelink. For example, an embodiment of the present disclosure may be applied to a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), or a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) in the uplink, a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), a PDCCH, or a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) in the downlink, or a Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH), a Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH), or a Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel (PSBCH) in the sidelink.

[0178] The PDCCH, PDSCH, PUSCH, and PUCCH are examples of a downlink control channel, a downlink data channel, an uplink data channel, and an uplink control channel, respectively. The PSCCH and PSSCH are examples of a sidelink control channel and a sidelink data channel. The PBCH and PSBCH are examples of a broadcast channel, and the PRACH is an example of a random access channel.

[0179] (Data Channel / Control Channel) An embodiment of the present disclosure may be applied to, for example, either a data channel or a control channel. For example, the channel in an embodiment of the present disclosure may be replaced with any of the data channels PDSCH, PUSCH, and PSSCH, or the control channels PDCCH, PUCCH, PBCH, PSCCH, and PSBCH.

[0180] (Reference Signal) In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a reference signal is, for example, a signal known by both a base station and a mobile station, and may also be called a Reference Signal (RS) or a pilot signal. The reference signal may be any of a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), a Channel State Information - Reference Signal (CSI-RS), a Tracking Reference Signal (TRS), a Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS), a Cell-specific Reference Signal (CRS), or a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS).

[0181] (Time Interval) In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the unit of time resource is not limited to one or a combination of slots and symbols, but may be, for example, a time resource unit such as a frame, a superframe, a subframe, a slot, a time slot, a subslot, a minislot, a symbol, an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, a Single Carrier-Frequency Division Multiplexing Access (SC-FDMA) symbol, or another time resource unit. Furthermore, the number of symbols included in one slot is not limited to the number of symbols exemplified in the above-mentioned embodiment, and may be another number of symbols.

[0182] (Frequency Band) An embodiment of the present disclosure may be applied to either a licensed band or an unlicensed band.

[0183] (Communication) An embodiment of the present disclosure may be applied to communication between a base station and a terminal (Uu link communication), communication between terminals (Sidelink communication), Vehicle to Everything (V2X) communication, or communication between an Ambient IoT Reader and an Ambient IoT Device. For example, the channel in an embodiment of the present disclosure may be replaced with any of PSCCH, PSSCH, Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel (PSFCH), PSBCH, PRDCH (Physical Reader-to-Device Channel), PDRCH (Physical Device-to-Reader Channel), PDCCH, PUCCH, PDSCH, PUSCH, or PBCH. For example, the control information in an embodiment of the present disclosure may be replaced with any of DCI, UCI, SCI (Sidelink Control Information), R2D Control Information, and D2R Control Information. For example, the terminal and base station in an embodiment of the present disclosure may be replaced with an Ambient IoT Device or an Ambient IoT Reader.

[0184] The Ambient IoT Device may be a wireless communication device with a backscattering function or a transmission / reception bandwidth of several resource blocks or less. The Ambient IoT Reader may be a wireless communication device with a communication function with the Ambient IoT Device. The Ambient IoT Device may also be called an Ambient IoT terminal, IoT terminal, LPWA terminal, or tag.

[0185] An embodiment of the present disclosure may be applied to a terrestrial network, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) using a satellite or a high altitude pseudo satellite (HAPS), or a terrestrial network in which transmission delay is large compared to the symbol length or slot length, such as a network with a large cell size or an ultra-wideband transmission network.

[0186] (SBFD) In ​​one embodiment of the present disclosure, operations on uplink, downlink, and sidelink symbols may be applied to symbols (e.g., SBFD symbols) on which SBFD (Subband Non-Overlapping Full Duplex, Subband Full Duplex) operations or controls are performed. In SBFD symbols, a frequency domain (or frequency resource, frequency band) is divided into multiple frequency domains (e.g., subbands, RB sets, subbands, or sub-BWPs (Bandwidth Parts)). A terminal transmits and receives in different directions (e.g., downlink or uplink) in units of subbands, which are the divided domains. In SBFD symbols, a terminal may transmit and receive in one direction, either uplink or downlink, but not in the other direction. On the other hand, a base station may be capable of transmitting and receiving on both the uplink and downlink simultaneously. SBFD symbols may have a smaller frequency domain available for downlink transmission than symbols that transmit and receive only downlink transmission. Also, SBFD symbols may have a smaller frequency domain available for uplink transmission than symbols that transmit and receive only uplink transmission.

[0187] In addition, in the SBFD symbol, a terminal may transmit and receive uplink and downlink simultaneously. In this case, the frequency domain in which the terminal transmits and the frequency domain in which the terminal receives may not be adjacent, but may be separated by a frequency interval (also called a frequency gap).

[0188] In addition, different transmission and reception directions in subband units, which are divided areas, may include transmission and reception of side links.

[0189] (XDD: Cross Division Duplex) In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the operation for uplink, downlink, and sidelink symbols may be applied to symbols (e.g., full duplex symbols) where full duplex operation or control is performed. In a full duplex symbol, both the terminal and the base station can simultaneously transmit and receive on the uplink and downlink. In a full duplex symbol, the terminal and the base station may simultaneously transmit and receive in an available frequency region (or frequency resource, frequency band), or may simultaneously transmit and receive in a partial frequency region (i.e., transmission or reception may be performed in other frequency regions). In this case, the frequency region in which the base station or terminal transmits and receives may not be adjacent, but may have a frequency interval (also called a frequency gap). Furthermore, for the purpose of, for example, reducing interference, either the terminal or the base station may simultaneously transmit and receive (i.e., the other may transmit or receive).

[0190] In addition, full duplex operation may be applied to an operation in which a terminal can simultaneously transmit and receive sidelinks, or to an operation in which a terminal can simultaneously transmit and receive sidelinks and uplinks or downlinks.

[0191] (Antenna Port) In one embodiment of the present disclosure, an antenna port refers to a logical antenna (antenna group) consisting of one or more physical antennas. For example, an antenna port does not necessarily refer to a single physical antenna, but may refer to an array antenna consisting of multiple antennas. For example, the number of physical antennas that an antenna port is composed of is not specified, and the antenna port may be specified as the smallest unit by which a terminal station can transmit a reference signal. Furthermore, an antenna port may also be specified as the smallest unit by which a weighting of a precoding vector is multiplied.

[0192] <5G NR System Architecture and Protocol Stack> The 5G NR system architecture generally assumes an NG-RAN (Next Generation - Radio Access Network) including gNBs. The gNBs provide UE-side termination of the NG radio access user plane (SDAP / PDCP / RLC / MAC / PHY) and control plane (RRC) protocols. The gNBs are connected to each other via an Xn interface. The gNBs are also connected to a Next Generation Core (NGC) via a Next Generation (NG) interface, more specifically to an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) (e.g., a specific core entity that performs AMF) via an NG-C interface, and to a User Plane Function (UPF) (e.g., a specific core entity that performs UPF) via an NG-U interface. The NG-RAN architecture is shown in Figure 12 (see, for example, 3GPP TS 38.300 v15.6.0, section 4).

[0193] <RRC connection setup and reconfiguration procedure> This shows the NAS part of the interaction between the UE, gNB, and AMF (5GC entity) when the UE transitions from RRC_IDLE to RRC_CONNECTED (see TS 38.300 v15.6.0).

[0194] RRC is a higher layer signaling protocol used to configure the UE and gNB. The AMF prepares UE context data (including, for example, PDU session context, security keys, UE radio capabilities, UE security capabilities, etc.) and sends it to the gNB along with an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST. The gNB then activates AS security together with the UE. This is done by the gNB sending a SecurityModeCommand message to the UE, and the UE responding with a SecurityModeComplete message to the gNB. The gNB then sends an RRCReconfiguration message to the UE, and upon receiving an RRCReconfigurationComplete from the UE, the gNB performs reconfiguration to set up Signaling Radio Bearer 2 (SRB2) and Data Radio Bearer (DRB). For signaling-only connections, the steps related to RRCReconfiguration are omitted because SRB2 and DRB are not set up. Finally, the gNB notifies the AMF that the setup procedure is complete with an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE.

[0195] Therefore, the present disclosure provides a 5th Generation Core (5GC) entity (e.g., AMF, SMF, etc.) that includes: a control circuit that, upon operation, establishes a Next Generation (NG) connection with a gNodeB; and a transmitter that, upon operation, transmits an initial context setup message to the gNodeB via the NG connection so that a signaling radio bearer between the gNodeB and a user equipment (UE) is set up. Specifically, the gNodeB transmits Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, including a resource allocation configuration information element (IE), to the UE via the signaling radio bearer. The UE then transmits in uplink or receives in downlink based on the resource allocation configuration.

[0196] <QoS Control> The 5G Quality of Service (QoS) model is based on QoS flows and supports both QoS flows that require a guaranteed flow bit rate (Guaranteed Bit Rate QoS flows (GBR)) and QoS flows that do not require a guaranteed flow bit rate (non-GBR QoS flows). Thus, at the NAS level, a QoS flow is the finest granularity of QoS classification in a PDU session. A QoS flow is identified within a PDU session by a QoS Flow ID (QFI) carried in an encapsulation header over the NG-U interface.

[0197] For each UE, 5GC establishes one or more PDU sessions. For each UE, the NG-RAN establishes, for example, at least one Data Radio Bearer (DRB) for each PDU session. Additional DRBs for the QoS flows of that PDU session can be configured later (when this is up to the NG-RAN). The NG-RAN maps packets belonging to different PDU sessions to different DRBs. NAS-level packet filters in the UE and 5GC associate UL and DL packets with QoS flows, while AS-level mapping rules in the UE and NG-RAN associate UL and DL QoS flows with DRBs.

[0198] (Open-RAN) The base station described in each embodiment (for example, a 5G NR base station called a gNB) may be configured with three functional modules: a Centralized Unit (CU), a Distributed Unit (DU), and a Radio Unit (RU).

[0199] A CU may be referred to as a centralized node, aggregation node, central station, aggregation station, or centralized unit. A DU may be referred to as an O-RAN Distributed Unit (O-DU), distributed node, distributed station, or distributed unit. An RU may be referred to as an O-RAN Radio Unit (O-RU), radio equipment, radio node, radio station, antenna unit, or radio unit.

[0200] There are several split options for the functional split configuration (or functional split point) between CU, DU, and RU. The term "functional split point" is sometimes referred to as "split," "option," or "split option."

[0201] Examples of "division options" include the following division options 1 to 8. The functions of the base station described in each embodiment may be divided into a CU, a DU, and an RU by any of the following division options 1 to 8. For example, the CU, DU, and RU may be functionally divided, or the functions may be divided only between the CU and DU or only between the DU and RU. (1) Segmentation option 1: Between RRC (radio resource control) and PDCP (2) Segmentation option 2: Between PDCP and RLC (High-RLC) (3) Segmentation option 3: Between High-RLC and Low-RLC (4) Segmentation option 4: Between RLC (Low-RLC) and MAC (High-MAC) (5) Segmentation option 5: Between High-MAC and Low-MAC (6) Segmentation option 6: Between MAC (Low-MAC) and PHY (High-PHY) (7) Segmentation option 7: Between High-PHY and Low-PHY (8) Segmentation option 8: Between PHY (Low-PHY) and RF

[0202] The functional split point between the CU and O-DU may be split option 2. The section between the CU and O-DU is called midhaul, and the F1 interface is specified by 3GPP. The section between the O-DU and O-RU is called fronthaul, and the functional split point may be split option 7-2x, which is adopted as the O-RAN fronthaul specification.

[0203] Figure 13 shows an example of functional division of the gNB base station functions into CU, O-DU, and O-RU using Split Option 2 and Split Option 7-2x.

[0204] The CU may have, for example, a radio resource control (RRC) function, a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) function, and a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) function.

[0205] The O-DU may include, for example, a radio link control (RLC) function, a MAC function, and a higher physical layer (HIGH-PHY) function. The HIGH-PHY function may include an encoding function, a scrambling function, a modulation function, a layer mapping function, a precoding function, and a resource element (RE) mapping function for downlink (DL) transmission. The HIGH-PHY function may also include a decoding function, a descrambling function, a demodulation function, a layer demapping function, and a resource element (RE) demapping function for uplink (UL) reception.

[0206] The O-RU may have, for example, a LOW-PHY function and an RF function. The LOW-PHY function may also have, for downlink transmission, a beamforming function, an IFFT (Inverse First Fourier Transform) + CP (Cyclic Prefix) assignment function, and a D / A (Digital to Analog) conversion function. The LOW-PHY function may also have, for uplink reception, an A / D (Analog to Digital) conversion function, a CP removal + FFT (First Fourier Transform) function, and a beamforming function.

[0207] In addition, if the O-DU does not have a precoding function, the O-RU may have a precoding function.

[0208] The O-RU may have a function related to LBT (listen before talk). The evolving common public radio interface (eCPRI) is specified as the communication method between the O-DU and the O-RU in Split Option 7-2x. In Split Option 7-2x, eCPRI transmits and receives sampling sequences of the in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) components of the OFDM signal in the frequency domain, as well as information used for beamforming in the antenna and time synchronization signals.

[0209] Information transmitted by the signals described in each embodiment (PDCCH, PUCCH, PDSCH, PUSCH, MAC CE, RRC, etc.) may be transmitted between the O-DU and the O-RU via the eCPRI User Plane (U-Plane) or Control Plane (C-Plane).

[0210] When the functions described in each embodiment are performed in the O-RU by functional division, the O-DU may control the O-RU by transmitting information for controlling the functions via a control signal (e.g., eCPRI) between the O-DU and the O-RU.

[0211] When the functions described in each embodiment are performed in the O-DU by functional division, the O-RU may receive the results of the functions performed in the O-DU via a control signal (e.g., eCPRI) and control the O-RU based on the received results.

[0212] The CU, O-DU, and O-RU may be deployed in physically different devices with their respective functions connected by optical fiber or the like, or some or all of their functions may be deployed in the same physical device.

[0213] The CU and O-DU may be logical entities implemented as software running on a server in the cloud or the like as a virtualized RAN (virtual Radio Access Network: vRAN). Also, some or all of the functions of the CU and O-DU may be provided as a virtualized network function (Network Functions Virtualization: NFV) service.

[0214] The transceiver does not have to be a radio transceiver, but may be, for example, a network transceiver, an optical transceiver, etc. The radio resources allocated by the O-DU may be resources for wireless communication between the O-RU and the UE.

[0215] The present disclosure can be realized in software, hardware, or software in conjunction with hardware.

[0216] Each functional block used in the description of the above embodiments may be partially or entirely realized as an LSI, which is an integrated circuit, and each process described in the above embodiments may be partially or entirely controlled by a single LSI or a combination of LSIs. The LSI may be composed of individual chips, or may be composed of a single chip that includes some or all of the functional blocks. The LSI may have data input and output. Depending on the degree of integration, the LSI may also be called an IC, system LSI, super LSI, or ultra LSI.

[0217] The integrated circuit method is not limited to LSI, and may be realized by a dedicated circuit, a general-purpose processor, or a dedicated processor. Also, a field programmable gate array (FPGA) that can be programmed after LSI manufacturing, or a reconfigurable processor that can reconfigure the connections and settings of circuit cells within the LSI, may be used. The present disclosure may be realized as digital processing or analog processing.

[0218] Furthermore, if an integrated circuit technology that can replace LSI emerges due to advances in semiconductor technology or other derivative technologies, it is natural that such technology may be used to integrate functional blocks. The application of biotechnology, etc. is also a possibility.

[0219] The present disclosure may be implemented in any type of apparatus, device, or system (collectively referred to as a communications apparatus) that has a communications function. The communications apparatus may include a radio transceiver and processing / control circuitry. The radio transceiver may include a receiver and a transmitter, or both functions. The radio transceiver (transmitter and receiver) may include a radio frequency (RF) module and one or more antennas. The RF module may include an amplifier, an RF modulator / demodulator, or the like. Non-limiting examples of communication devices include telephones (e.g., cell phones, smartphones), tablets, personal computers (PCs) (e.g., laptops, desktops, notebooks), cameras (e.g., digital still / video cameras), digital players (e.g., digital audio / video players), wearable devices (e.g., wearable cameras, smartwatches, tracking devices), game consoles, digital book readers, telehealth / telemedicine devices, communication-enabled vehicles or mobile transportation (e.g., cars, airplanes, ships), and combinations of the above devices.

[0220] The communication devices are not limited to portable or mobile devices, but also include any kind of non-portable or fixed equipment, devices, and systems, such as smart home devices (such as home appliances, lighting equipment, smart meters or measuring devices, control panels, etc.), vending machines, and any other "things" that may exist on an IoT (Internet of Things) network.

[0221] Communications include data communications via cellular systems, wireless LAN systems, communication satellite systems, and the like, as well as data communications via combinations of these.

[0222] A communications apparatus also includes devices such as controllers and sensors connected or coupled to a communications device that performs the communications functions described in this disclosure, such as controllers and sensors that generate control and data signals used by the communications device to perform the communications functions of the communications apparatus.

[0223] The communication apparatus also includes infrastructure facilities, such as base stations, access points, and any other apparatus, device, or system that communicates with or controls the various apparatuses listed above, but are not limited to these.

[0224] A terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a control circuit that pre-stores parameters related to setting up camp-on or initial access to a network, and a communication circuit that transmits or receives signals for the camp-on or initial access based on the parameters.

[0225] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the parameters are stored in the terminal according to an application layer, a communication block, a Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) application, or a standard of the terminal.

[0226] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the control circuit selects, based on a predetermined condition, parameters to be used for the camp-on or initial access process from among the stored parameters.

[0227] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the condition is based on at least one of a frequency band, location information of the terminal, information for identifying a cell, CGI (Cell Global Identity), settings from a base station, performance of the terminal, and time information.

[0228] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, when the communication circuit detects a cell based on the parameters, the communication circuit transmits an uplink wake-up signal or a random access signal using the parameters.

[0229] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, if there is no parameter that satisfies the condition among the parameters, the control circuit performs cell detection without using the parameters.

[0230] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, if there is a parameter among the parameters that satisfies the condition, the control circuit uses the parameter regardless of the setting information received from the base station.

[0231] A base station according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a control circuit that pre-stores parameters related to the setting of camping on or initial access to a network by a terminal, and a communication circuit that transmits or receives signals for the camping on or initial access based on the parameters.

[0232] In a communication method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a terminal stores parameters related to setting up camp-on or initial access to a network in advance, and transmits or receives signals for the camp-on or initial access based on the parameters.

[0233] In a communication method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a base station pre-stores parameters related to the setting of a terminal's camping on or initial access to a network, and transmits or receives signals for the camping on or initial access based on the parameters.

[0234] The disclosures of the specification, drawings and abstract contained in Japanese Patent Application No. 2024-135695, filed on August 15, 2024, are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0235] One aspect of the present disclosure is useful in wireless communication systems.

[0236] 100 Base station 200 Terminal 101, 206 Parameter storage unit 102, 207 Parameter selection unit 103 SSB generation unit 104, 209 Error correction coding unit 105, 210 Modulation unit 106, 211 Signal allocation unit 107, 212 Transmission unit 108, 201 Reception unit 109, 202 Signal separation unit 110 UL WUS detection unit 111, 204 Demodulation unit 112, 205 Error correction decoding unit 203 SSB detection unit 208 UL-WUS generation unit

Claims

a control circuit for pre-storing parameters relating to the configuration of camp-on or initial access to the network; a communication circuit that transmits or receives the camp-on or initial access signal based on the parameters; A terminal equipped with: 　 The parameters are stored in the terminal according to the application layer, communication block, SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) application or standard of the terminal; The terminal according to claim 1 . 　 the control circuit selects, based on a predetermined condition, parameters to be used in the camp-on or initial access process from among the stored parameters; The terminal according to claim 1 . 　 The condition is based on at least one of a frequency band, location information of the terminal, information for identifying a cell, a CGI (Cell Global Identity), a setting from a base station, performance of the terminal, and time information. The terminal according to claim 3. 　 When the communication circuit detects a cell based on the parameters, the communication circuit transmits an uplink wake-up signal or a random access signal using the parameters. The terminal according to claim 1 . 　 If there is no parameter that satisfies the condition among the parameters, the control circuit performs cell detection without using the parameters. The terminal according to claim 3. 　 If there is a parameter that satisfies the condition among the parameters, the control circuit uses the parameter regardless of setting information received from the base station. The terminal according to claim 3. 　 a control circuit for pre-storing parameters relating to the setting of camp-on or initial access to the network by the terminal; a communication circuit that transmits or receives the camp-on or initial access signal based on the parameters; A base station comprising: 　 The terminal is Pre-save parameters for camping on or initial access to the network; transmitting or receiving the camp-on or initial access signal based on the parameters; Communication method. 　 The base station is Pre-storing parameters for configuring camp-on or initial access to the network by the terminal; transmitting or receiving the camp-on or initial access signal based on the parameters; Communication method.

Images