Nanocarbon platelets-enhanced portland cement composite

Abstract

The demand for biocompatible dental materials has increased significantly, particularly in vital pulp therapy, due to the need for materials that promote tissue regeneration and long-term success. This invention introduces a novel Nanocarbon Platelets-Enhanced Portland Cement Composite that combines the well-established properties of Portland cement with the advanced mechanical and biological characteristics of graphene oxide nanocarbon platelets. This composite is designed to serve as both a restorative material and an agent for vital pulp therapy. The integration of graphene oxide nanocarbon platelets enhances the composite's mechanical properties while maintaining superior biocompatibility. This ensures the material supports cell viability and proliferation, crucial for successful tissue integration and regeneration. The unique formulation also improves the sealing ability of the cement, providing exceptional protection against bacterial infiltration and aiding in the preservation of dental structures. This invention aims to address the limitations of existing Portland cement-based materials, such as weak mechanical properties and potential cytotoxicity, by offering a more robust and biocompatible alternative. The composite is developed with a specific focus on dental applications, ensuring it meets the demands of modern restorative and endodontic procedures. The Nanocarbon Platelets-Enhanced Portland Cement Composite offers a cost-effective solution that can be easily integrated into existing clinical practices. Its development represents a significant advancement in materials science, with potential applications beyond dentistry, such as in orthopedic and craniofacial reconstruction. This composite sets a new standard for dental materials by combining mechanical strength, biocompatibility, and ease of use, promising improved outcomes for both patients and practitioners.

Description

Nanocarbon Platelets-Enhanced Portland Cement Composite

[0001] The present invention relates to the development and application of a novel composite material combining ordinary Portland cement with nanocarbon platelets, specifically engineered for dental procedures that require enhanced biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and sealing properties.

[0002]

[0003] Traditional Portland cement-based materials, though widely adopted in endodontics and restorative dentistry, exhibit shortcomings such as weak mechanical properties, cytotoxicity, potential tooth discoloration caused by certain additives, and difficulties in manipulation. Various attempts to improve these materials have focused on modifying their composition or radiopacifiers, yet the problem of achieving high biocompatibility and mechanical robustness remains unresolved. The patent registration WO2013096990 A1 by Pan et al. is noteworthy in the field of construction materials, but it does not address the specific demands of dental or medical applications.

[0004]

[0005] This invention introduces a Nanocarbon Platelets-Enhanced Portland Cement Composite that combines the well-established properties of ordinary Portland cement with the advanced mechanical and biological characteristics of graphene oxide nanocarbon platelets. The resulting material offers improved tissue compatibility, greater structural resilience, and increased volumetric efficiency. It is specifically designed for dentistry, serving both as a restorative material and for vital pulp therapy, thereby addressing the unmet needs in existing Portland cement-based products.

[0006]

[0007] Conventional Portland cement products often lack adequate mechanical strength when exposed to physiological conditions, may exhibit cytotoxic behavior, and face challenges such as discoloration and dissolution. These limitations can compromise the longevity and success of dental treatments. There is a persistent demand for a composite that surmounts these issues by offering robust physical performance, improved healing capacity, and a safer biological profile.

[0008]

[0009] By incorporating graphene oxide nanocarbon platelets into a Portland cement matrix, the invention tackles these shortcomings. The nanocarbon platelets enhance mechanical strength and durability, foster a more favorable environment for cell viability, and significantly improve sealing ability. A carefully controlled mixing ratio of materials (49:1 Portland cement to nanocarbon platelets by weight) and the use of deionized water in a 1:2 ratio by weight for chairside mixing ensures consistent performance while preventing premature dehydration.

[0010]

[0011] The composite material demonstrates enhanced biocompatibility, as validated by in vitro tests, and improved healing in vivo. It also boasts superior volumetric expansion due to the low bulk density of nanocarbon platelets, sealing capacity that protects against bacterial infiltration, and mechanical properties that extend its clinical longevity. This marks a step forward in dental material science, reducing the need for additional protective layers and simplifying clinical procedures.

[0012]

Claims

A composite material comprising Portland cement and nanocarbon platelets at a weight ratio of 49:1, where the nanocarbon platelets contribute to a significant volume expansion, resulting in an effective volume ratio of 2:3.The composite material of Claim 1, wherein the nanocarbon platelets have an intrinsic density of approximately 2.2 g / cm³ and an effective bulk density of around 0.1 g / cm³.The composite material of Claim 1 or 2, wherein the method of preparation includes mechanically stirring the mixture with a vortex mixer for sixty seconds to ensure even dispersion of nanocarbon platelets throughout the Portland cement.The composite material of any one of the preceding claims, wherein deionized water is added to the powder component in a 1:2 ratio by weight, and the mixture is stirred using a plastic dental spatula on a non-reactive mixing pad until a homogeneous paste is obtained, ensuring the mixing does not exceed one minute to prevent dehydration.