Porous composition and method for its preparation

Abstract

The present invention relates to a composition that becomes porous upon drying and that in a form of slurry comprises at least one porous particle, a volatile polar or non-polar solvent that fills the pores of the porous particle before drying, a universal solvent that repels the solvent in the pores of the porous particle providing a solution in which the solvent-filled pores of the particles are dispersed by at least one surfactant. The invention further relates to the use of such a composition as a filler composition providing opacity and brightness. Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of composition according to the invention as a substitute for titanium dioxide without compromising the optical properties. The invention also relates to a method for preparing the composition according to the invention. The present invention also relates to a filter cake or filtrate composition comprising at least one porous particle, a polar or non-polar volatile solvent filling the pores of the particle, a surfactant and optionally a universal solvent, and a method for preparing the composition.

Description

[0001] Composition and method for its preparation

[0002] Field of invention

[0003] The present invention relates to a porous composition which in a form of a slurry and comprises at least one porous particle, a volatile polar or non-polar solvent that fills the pores of the porous particle, a universal solvent, at least one surfactant and a binder. More specifically, the present invention relates to a composition that becomes porous upon drying and that in the form of a slurry comprises at least one porous particle, a volatile polar or non-polar solvent that fills the pores of the porous particle before drying, a binder, a universal solvent that repels the solvent in the pores of the porous particle providing a solution in which the solvent-filled pores of the particles are dispersed by at least one surfactant. The universal solvent may contain a binder or be itself a binder after it is dry.

[0004] The invention further relates to the use of such a composition as a pigmentfiller composition providing opacity and brightness. The invention further relates to the use of the composition according to the invention as a substitute for titanium dioxide without compromising the optical properties. The invention also relates to a method for preparing the composition according to the invention.

[0005] The present invention also relates to a filter cake or a filtrate composition which comprises at least one porous particle, a polar or non-polar volatile solvent filling the pores of the particle and a surfactant, and a method for preparing the filter cake or filtrate.

[0006] Technical background

[0007] Many materials are produced as liquid mixtures consisting of solvents, binders and solid organic and / or inorganic particles before being dried into finished products. Such materials can be found, among others, in paper and board products, plastic products, paints, coatings, laminates, rubbers, tires, ceramics, printing inks, sun lotions, filter materials and building materials. Typically, in these materials, where a solvent, binder and solid particles are present, many different properties are sought in the final dry product. In most cases, the desired general property is lightness, which can be used to improve the properties of the dry materials. Improved properties often result from the appropriate pore size, lightness of the structure. Such properties include, among others, reduced rolling resistance (tires), elasticity, increased modulus of elasticity, covering ability, deeper color tones, heat or cold insulation, and sound insulation. These properties are increasingly desired today, due to environmental requirements, among other things.

[0008] In some materials, the proportion of binder to particles (fillers or pigments) is small, i.e. the material consists mainly of solid particles. Such materials include concrete and mortar, where the aggregate is particles, water is the solvent and the binder are often cement. Paper and cardboard coatings are also materials that generally contain little binder, typically latex, and a lot of particles (pigments and / or filler). Similarly, materials that use a high percentage of binder relative to particles include tires, plastics, laminates (decorative paper), many paints, etc.

[0009] The problem is that porosity in particles (pigments and / or fillers) has not been largely utilized, because the creation of a light structure has been prevented when the binders have migrated into the pores of the particles before or during drying. For this reason, low-porosity particles are preferred in practice. When porous particles are used in the current manufacturing method, the binder migrates into these pores, preventing the formation of air-filled structures. Airfilling is what brings lightness to the dried material and the resulting possible improved properties. The importance of pores has therefore not been fully understood, especially during the manufacturing of the material. The air in the pores provides, for example, a separating ability and can also provide scattering in a suitable pore size range, visible as covering ability, i.e. opacity and lightness. The present invention introduces solutions that prevent the migration of the binder into the pores.

[0010] Titanium dioxide (TiC ) is commonly used as a white pigment in various applications. The most important properties obtained with titanium dioxide are opacity, hiding power, brightness, tint ability and L-value. TiO2 is the most effective and very expensive pigment that provides optical properties.

[0011] Because TiO2 is expensive and difficult to recycle, so-called extenders are typically added to replace some of the titanium dioxide required. Typically, up to 40% of titanium dioxide can be replaced in various applications without losing the optical properties, especially opacity, that TiO2 can provide. In addition, titanium dioxide manufacturers typically coat titanium dioxide with 1- 20% by weight of the pigment weight with various organic and / or inorganic chemical precipitation or polymer products. Partial or full replacement of titanium dioxide with a pigment or composite pigment composition comprising at least one precipitated, porous pigment selected from aluminosilicates, calcium silicates, magnesium silicates, aluminum magnesium silicates, aluminum calcium silicates, aluminum calcium magnesium silicates, zinc silicates, aluminum zinc silicates, calcium zinc silicates, calcium magnesium silicates, aluminum calcium zinc silicates, aluminum calcium magnesium zinc silicates, aluminum calcium magnesium zinc silicates, precipitated calcium carbonates, satin white, aluminum trihydrate, any other combination / mixture of aluminum, magnesium, calcium and / or zinc silicates, silicon dioxides or any mixtures thereof, is discussed in patent publications Fl 20176090 and Fl 20176092.

[0012] Brief Description of the Invention

[0013] An object of the present invention is to provide a porous composition that in a form of a slurry or a solution comprises at least one porous particle, a volatile polar or non-polar solvent that fills the pores of the porous particle, an universal solvent, a surfactant and a binder. An other object of the present invention is a composition that becomes porous upon drying and that in the form of a slurry or solution comprises at least one porous particle, a volatile polar or non-polar solvent that fills the pores of the porous particle before drying, a universal solvent that repels the solvent in the pores of the porous particle providing a solution in which the solvent-filled pores of the particles are dispersed by at least one surfactant. The universal solvent may contain a binder or be itself a binder after it is dry.

[0014] The composition according to the invention is suitable for use in non-coating applications, such as paper, cardboard, plastics, rubbers, laminates, decor paper and printing inks. The composition according to the invention is also suitable for use in coating applications, such as compositions for coating paper, cardboard, wallpaper, plastics, rubber, wood, various sheet materials such as, for example, chipboard and plywood, composites and concrete, and in sun lotions and paints. The composition of the invention can be used as an opacity and / or brightness imparting particle composition. The composition of the invention can be used as a substitute for titanium dioxide without compromising optical properties. A further object of the present invention is use of the composition according to the invention further comprising titanium dioxide, preferably 5-40% based on the particle load, to improve the optical properties, in particular the levels of coverage and brightness, achieved with 100% titanium dioxide. A further object of the present invention is also a method for preparing the composition.

[0015] It is a further object of the present invention to provide a filter cake or filtrate which comprises at least one porous particle, a polar or non-polar volatile solvent filling the pores of the particle, a surfactant and optionally a universal solvent. It is also an object of the invention to provide a method for preparing this composition. The objects of the invention are achieved by compositions, uses and methods characterized by what is stated in the independent claims. Preferred embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

[0016] Brief description of the figures

[0017] Figure 1 shows the opacity of the test points of Example 1 in the PVC range of 20-80%.

[0018] Figure 2 shows the opacity of the test points of Example 2 in the PVC range of 20-80%.

[0019] Figure 3 shows the general idea of the invention.

[0020] Detailed description of the invention

[0021] The invention relates to a porous composition which in a form of a slurry or solution comprises at least one porous particle, a polar or non-polar volatile solvent filling the pores of the particle, a universal solvent, a surfactant and a binder. More specifically, the present invention relates to a composition that becomes porous upon drying and that in a form of a slurry or a solution comprises at least one porous particle, a volatile polar or non-polar solvent that fills the pores of the porous particle before drying, an universal solvent that repels the solvent in the pores of the porous particle providing a solution in which the solvent-filled pores of the particles are dispersed by at least one surfactant. Thus, the invention relates to the porous composition, wherein the at least one porous particle is porous and the pores of the porous particle are filled with air in its dry form. The invention also relates to a filter cake or filtrate (an intermediate) comprising at least one porous particle, a polar or non-polar volatile solvent filling the pores of the particle and a surfactant.

[0022] The term “particle” in this application refers to pigments and / or fillers and / or extenders. In practice, materials with a refractive index > 1 .7 are pigments i.e. they can increase the covering ability or opacity of the material. The refractive indices of fillers are typically in the range of 1.4-1 .6 (Muller, B. and Poth, U., Coating Formulation, 2017, pages 197-198). An extender is a filler that can replace part, less than 40% maximum of titanium dioxide without reducing opacity and brightness. The term “universal solvent” in this application refers to a solvent that repels the solvent in the pores of a porous particle. Accordingly, when the solvent in the pores of the porous particle is polar, the universal solvent is non-polar, and vice versa. The term “slurry” is this application refers to a thin mixture of a liquid, such as water or oil, and small pieces of a solid that do not dissolve in the liquid, produced in an industrial process. Pigments in coatings are defined in accordance with the German standards DIN 55943 and DIN 55945 into particles that are practically insoluble in the solvent and are used as colorants, corrosion inhibitors or due to magnetic properties. Pigments can be, for example, organic or inorganic pigments, colored pigments, white pigments, corrosion inhibitors, depending on the chemical composition and optical and technical properties. (Gysau, D., Fillers for Paints, 2017, p. 16). The most important pigments are achromatic pigments, which aim to affect the lightness and covering ability (opacity) of the material. These include, for example, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, antimony oxide, carbon black and black iron oxide (Mannari, V. and Chintankumar, P., Understanding Coating Raw Materials, 2015, p. 142).

[0023] According to the coating standards DIN 55943 and ISO 3262 Part 1 , fillers are particles that are practically insoluble in the solvent and are used to introduce solid matter into the material or to improve technical properties and / or to influence optical properties (covering power, opacity, brightness) (Gysau, D., Fillers for Paints, 2017, p.16). Fillers provide the body of the coating. Fillers make it possible to reduce the amount of expensive titanium dioxide, which acts as an extender, as well as the amount of volatile substances, such as solvents, in coatings.

[0024] In practice today, when preparing similar compositions / materials, most of which use quite a lot of binders, the binder is absorbed or transported into the pores of the particles and remains permanently in the pores of the particles of the liquid mixture during drying, whereby the natural filling of the pores with air during drying is prevented. In this case, the advantageous material properties arising from lightness, i.e. porosity, are not achieved and the good properties of porous particles are not revealed.

[0025] It has now surprisingly been discovered that surfactants protect the pores of the particles filled with the solvent from the movement of the binders and provide lightness and, in a suitable pore size range, light scattering ability after drying, whereby after the solvent has evaporated, the pores are filled with air. In this case, the binder is also outside the solid particles in the dried material, increasing the strength of the materials and other useful material properties, and the structure can provide, among other things, lightness of the tone and covering ability, as well as lightness of the structure.

[0026] It is essential for the composition according to the invention that the transfer of the binder into the pores of the particles is prevented and the pores are airfilled after the coating is dry. Furthermore, it is essential for the composition according to the invention that after drying, the air-filled porous particles reduce the density of the material. Surprisingly, it was also found that with the composition according to the invention, titanium dioxide can be partially (about 1 % by weight, 1 -5% by weight, 5-15% by weight, 10-25% by weight, at least 25% by weight, 25-50% by weight, 50-75% by weight) or completely (100% by weight) replaced as a filler composition providing optical properties (opacity and / or brightness) without impairing the optical properties.

[0027] Thus, the raw material costs of coated and uncoated materials can be reduced due to the excellent scattering ability and low cost of the composition according to the invention, i.e. the materials can be thinned without compromising the optical properties.

[0028] According to the invention, the pores are filled with either a polar solvent, which is preferably water, or a non-polar solvent that repels the universal solvent of the solvent-binder-solid particle composition. In the pores, in the manner of water-oil repulsion, there is a solvent that repels the universal solvent of the solvent-binder-solid porous particle composition, and the surfactants keep these repellent phases separate.

[0029] The invention relates to a composition comprising at least one porous particle, a polar or non-polar volatile solvent filling the pores of the particle, a universal solvent, a binder and a surfactant. The composition is suitable for use in noncoating and coating applications relating to, for example, the production of paper, cardboard, wallpaper, plastic, rubber, laminate, printing inks, decor paper, sun lotions, sunscreens and paints. The invention relates to the use of the composition as a particle composition providing opacity and brightness.

[0030] The present invention further relates to use of the composition according to the invention as a substitute for titanium dioxide without compromising optical properties. The invention also relates to a method for preparing the composition according to the invention. The invention also relates to a filter cake or filtrate composition comprising at least one porous particle, a polar or non-polar volatile solvent filling the pores of the particle, a surfactant, and optionally a universal solvent. The invention also relates to a method for preparing the filter cake or filtrate.

[0031] In coatings, it is common to describe the amount of pigment and binder in a dry coating as the pigment volume concentration (PVC). This is also useful for relating the binder-particle amounts of materials other than coatings, as PVC considers the density of the material.

[0032] PVC = 100 x (Vp / Vp+Vb), where

[0033] Vp is the volume of pigment and fillers, and Vb is the volume of binders.

[0034] The volume of binders refers to film-forming chemicals, resins, plasticizers and possible other resins. Resins are binders. The volume of pigments refers to the volume of pigments and the volume of fillers combined.

[0035] Table 1 below shows typical paint applications and their PVC ranges.

[0036] Table 1 . PVC and various paint applications (Gysau, D., Fillers for Paints,

[0037] Critical Pigment Volume Concentration (CPVC) is an important measurement, especially in coatings, that describes the proportion of binder and pigments in the coating, where the pigments are completely covered by the binder, and the pores of the pigments are filled with the binder. At values lower than CPVC the proportion of binder is greater than the amount of pigment in the coating and vice versa, when the value is higher than CPVC. At pigment volume concentrations higher than CPVC the porosity of the coating increases sharply and the hiding ability improves due to the “holes” in the coating. This phenomenon is called “dry hiding”. At high PVC values (about 80% or higher), the spaces between the pigments and fillers are not filled with binders, so the dry coating has air cavities that scatter light more due to the differences in the refractive indices of the pigments, fillers and binders. The use of TiO2 pigment increases as the amount of binder increases. At the same time, the amount of fillers decreases, since pigments that provide opacity and brightness are needed. At higher PVC values, the aim is to separate the TiO2 pigment with fillers (used as an extender) from TiO2 pigments and other pigments so that the TiO2 pigments do not stick to each other and form agglomerates. Agglomerates weaken the refraction and scattering of light. This invention concerns the extension of the “dry hiding” phenomenon to also apply to lower PVC values.

[0038] At values lower than CPVC, there is no dry hiding. This occurs because the binder blocks the pores and the “holes” between the particles when porous particles are used. In this case, there is no difference or scattering between the factors when a light beam passes from one material to another. In both materials, the binder remains inside the pores even when the coating dries, so the difference in refractive index (1 vs. 1 .4-1 .6) caused by air at the interfaces is not present, because the interfaces have disappeared. In contrast, according to this invention, the solvent evaporating during pore drying exposes the pores in the dry PVC paint application, giving it an opacity, i.e. a difference in refractive indices compared to air.

[0039] According to one embodiment of the invention, the opacity is maintained in the PVC ranges of 5-80%. According to one embodiment of the invention, opacity is maintained in the PVC ranges of 20-80%. According to one embodiment of the invention, opacity is maintained in the PVC ranges of 20-60%. According to one embodiment of the invention, opacity is maintained in the PVC ranges of 40-60%. In this case, air-filled pores are present in the dry product, such as coatings such as paints, and the air-other material interfaces scatter light and provide brightness and opacity.

[0040] When PVC is smaller than CPVC, more brightening pigments and fewer fillers are used. When PVC is larger than CPVC, more fillers and fewer pigments are used.

[0041] PVC values lower than CPVC generally result in high gloss (mainly because of binders), high wet scrub resistance, lower structure density (more binders that are low density), low corrosion (binders) and low coating porosity (no dry hiding). Opacity is mainly achieved by the pigment, especially TiO2. Fillers do not directly increase the hiding power, but can, for example, prevent (filler extenders) TiO2 particles from agglomerating, which improves the scattering ability of TiO2.

[0042] Another important parameter describing the internal porosity of particles such as pigments and fillers is oil absorption. In oil absorption measurement, the minimum amount (in grams) of linseed oil that wets 100 grams of a powder sample is determined. The end point of the addition is seen when the oil can no longer be mixed into the powder sample, at which point the oil begins to shine on the surface of the powder. At this point, the oil has filled the pores of the powder and the spaces between the powder particles. Oil absorption testing is based on the standards ISO 787-5, ASTM D281 , ASTM D1483. Oil absorption usually correlates with the surface area (BET). (Gysau, D., Fillers for 30 Paints, 2017, p. 74). In this measurement, oil is mixed into the dried pigment with a spatula against a flat glass surface until a yellowish powdery mixture of the dried pigment and oil is formed. The end point is observed by spreading the pigment-oil mixture onto the surface of the glass plate. The end point is reached when the pigment-oil mixture is yellowish throughout and when the mixture is pressed against the glass surface, the oil squeezes through the pigment in darker spots (Gysau, D., Fillers for Paints, 2017, p. 74). According to one embodiment of the invention, the oil absorption of the particle, i.e. the porosity range, is 50-300 ml / 100 g. According to one embodiment of the invention, the oil absorption of the particle, i.e. the oil absorption of the particle, is 50-200 ml / 100 g. According to one embodiment of the invention, the oil absorption of the particle is 100-150 ml / 100 g. In the porosity range of 50-300 ml / 100 g, scattering is improved, i.e. covering power and brightness are obtained.

[0043] The average particle size of the particle contained in the composition according to the invention is less than 10 pm, as determined by laser measurement. According to one embodiment of the invention, the average particle size is 0.2-2 pm, as determined by laser measurement. According to one embodiment of the invention, the average particle size is 0.2-0.6 pm, as determined by laser measurement. According to an embodiment of the invention, the average particle size is 0.2-0.4 pm, as determined by laser measurement. According to an embodiment of the invention, the particle size and / or particle size distribution is determined by a laser diffraction method. According to an embodiment of the invention, the particle size and / or particle size distribution of the composition is determined by a laser diffraction method using a device capable of determining a particle size in the range of 0.02-2000 pm. According to an embodiment of the invention, the particle size and / or particle size distribution is determined using a Malvern 2000 device. The pore volume of the composition according to the invention is typically in the range of 0.15-0.20 cm3 / g.

[0044] ISO 9277 defines the BET or specific surface area measurement as the total surface area of the material including the internal pores is measured. The measurement is made with N2 gas at a temperature of -196°C and the results are reported in m2 / g. The BET surface area (both external surface and pores) minus the external surface area means the number of pores.

[0045] The composition according to the invention comprises at least one porous particle, which has an oil absorption of preferably 50-300 ml / 100 grams, and which is selected from crystalline or amorphous silicates, carbonates, aluminum trihydrates or satin whites, or cellulose or starch-based particles. According to one embodiment of the invention, the particle is a reaction product of calcium hydroxide, a soluble silicate (such as sodium, potassium and lithium) and carbon dioxide. According to one embodiment of the invention, the porous particle is a precipitated particle. According to one embodiment of the invention, the precipitated porous particle is selected from aluminosilicates, calcium silicates, magnesium silicates, aluminum magnesium silicates, aluminum calcium silicates, aluminum calcium magnesium silicates, calcium magnesium silicates, any other combination of aluminum, magnesium, and / or calcium silicates d istillate / m ixture, silicas or any mixtures thereof. According to an embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises at least one precipitated, porous particle selected from aluminosilicates, calcium silicates, magnesium silicates, aluminum magnesium silicates, aluminum calcium silicates, aluminum calcium magnesium silicates, silicas or any mixtures thereof. According to an embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises at least one precipitated, porous particle selected from aluminosilicates, magnesium silicates and / or aluminum magnesium silicates. According to an embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises at least one precipitated, porous particle selected from calcium silicates, aluminum silicates and / or aluminum calcium silicates. According to an embodiment of the invention, the precipitated, porous particle is selected from calcium carbonates. According to one embodiment of the invention, the porous particle is modified calcium carbonate (MCC). According to one embodiment of the invention, the precipitated, porous particle is precipitated satin white.

[0046] The particle of the invention, selected from precipitated silicates, calcium carbonates or satin white, may contain titanium dioxide (TiC ) up to 40% by weight of the particle. In one embodiment of the invention, the particle comprises about 40% by the weight of the particle. In one embodiment of the invention, the particle comprises about 30% by weight of the particle. In one embodiment of the invention, the particle comprises about 20% by weight of the particle. In one embodiment of the invention, the particle comprises about 15% by weight of the particle. In one embodiment of the invention, the particle comprises about 5-40% by the weight of the particle. According to one embodiment of the invention, the particle comprises titanium dioxide in an amount of about 10-40% by weight of the particle. According to one embodiment of the invention, the particle comprises titanium dioxide in an amount of about 15-40% by weight of the particle. According to one embodiment of the invention, the particle comprises titanium dioxide in an amount of about 5-30% by weight of the particle. According to one embodiment of the invention, the particle comprises titanium dioxide in an amount of about 15-20% by weight of the particle.

[0047] According to one embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises at least one porous particle selected from cellulose nanocrystal particles and other cellulose-based particles made of colloidal cellulose and micro cellulose, cellulose crystalline nanocellulose, micro cellulose) particles, cellulose microparticles, or starch nano- and microparticles. A precipitated porous particle according to one embodiment of the invention, selected from precipitated silicates, such as aluminum silicates, calcium silicates, magnesium silicates, aluminum magnesium silicates, aluminum calcium silicates, aluminum calcium magnesium silicates and / or calcium magnesium silicates, can be prepared, for example, by the method described in patent publication Fl 20176090 as follows. At least one magnesium- containing compound and / or calcium-containing compound is introduced in solution form, or optionally at least one magnesium-containing compound and / or calcium-containing compound is brought into solution form, optionally at least one aluminum-containing compound, an acid, such as sulfuric acid or carbon dioxide, a base or any mixture of the aforementioned is added, a silicon-containing compound is added, the mixture is stirred at least once in at least one process step at a speed (for example as peripheral speed) of at least 1 m / s, preferably 1 -500 m / s, more preferably 1 -250 m / s, the resulting composition is filtered, the filter cake is optionally dispersed, the dispersion is optionally ground and the dispersion is optionally dried.

[0048] According to one embodiment of the invention, a precipitated porous particle, selected from precipitated silicates, such as aluminum silicates, calcium silicates, magnesium silicates, aluminum magnesium silicates, aluminum calcium silicates, aluminum calcium magnesium silicates and / or calcium magnesium silicates, and containing titanium dioxide, can be prepared, for example, by the method described in patent publication Fl 20176092 as follows. At least one magnesium-containing compound and / or a calcium- containing compound are introduced in solution form or, optionally, at least one magnesium-containing compound and / or a calcium-containing compound are brought into solution form, optionally, at least one aluminum-containing compound is added, an acid, such as sulfuric acid or carbon dioxide, a base or any mixture of the above, titanium dioxide is added, at least one silicon- containing compound is added, mixing is carried out at a speed (for example as peripheral speed) of at least 1 m / s, preferably 1 -500 m / s, more preferably 1-250 m / s, the resulting composition is filtered, optionally the filter cake is dispersed, optionally the dispersion is ground and optionally the dispersion is dried.

[0049] The composition according to the invention comprises a polar or non-polar volatile solvent that fills the pores in positive Celsius degrees. Suitable solvents include, for example, water, turpentine, mineral spirits, xylene, toluene, dipentene, Solvesso 100, isopropanol, n-butanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, n-dodecane, naphtha, paraffin and isoparaffin. The main polar solvent is water. Other suitable polar solvents include alcohols, carboxylic acids, ketones and ammonia. In one embodiment, the polar or nonpolar volatile solvent is selected from water, isoparaffinic hydrocarbon, mineral spirits, naphtha, alcohols, carboxylic acids, paraffin, acetone, turpentine and xylene, or any mixture thereof.

[0050] The solvent should completely dissolve the binders, have a clear and colorless appearance and should not leave any residue on the dry coating after evaporation. The solvent should not react with the binders, pigments, fillers or other components and should have a pleasant or minimal odor. The properties of the solvent must remain constant and within specifications, and the harmfulness and operating costs should be low.

[0051] The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) has published a list of solvents that are exempt from VOC restrictions because they do not react with sunlight to form ground-level ozone or deplete the ozone layer. Examples include methyl acetate, tert-butyl acetate, dimethyl carbonate, acetone, parachlorobenzotrifluoride, and propylene carbonate. Isoparaffin is a nonpolar solvent and appears to act in a similar manner to the above. The reason for the VOC restrictions is that many nonpolar solvents accumulate in the lower atmosphere, where they can react with nitrogen oxides and sunlight to form smog and ozone (Mannari, v. and Patel, C., Understanding Coating Raw Materials, p. 230).

[0052] The composition of the invention comprises a universal solvent that repels the solvent in the pores of the porous particle. The universal solvent is a polar solvent, for example, water, when the solvent in the pores is a non-polar solvent. The universal solvent is a non-polar solvent, for example, natural oil, when the solvent in the pores is a polar solvent.

[0053] The composition according to the invention comprises a surfactant, which can be called for example a tenside or emulsifier. A surfactant is a substance that has the ability to reduce the surface tension between two immiscible substances. It is typical for surfactants that they are compounds with a hydrophilic (water-loving) and a hydrophobic (water-repelling) end. With the help of a surfactant, small droplets of one substance are distributed in the other substance permanently or for a while. In one embodiment of the invention, amphiphilic surfactant structures are used, which have a hydrophobic (lipophilic) and a hydrophilic (lipophobic) end part. These are absorbed onto surfaces, resulting in a decrease in surface tension at the interfaces. Ionic (anionic, cationic, amphoteric) and non-ionic surfactants are among these substances. Other amphiphilic substances include bentonite and lignin or other surfactants that utilize the Pickering effect. In one embodiment of the invention, the Pickering effect is utilized, which is an emulsion, in which solid particles, for example silica, stabilize the oil-water phase by adsorbing to the water-oil interface, whereby the hydrophobicity, shape and size of the particle affects the effectiveness. Surfactants can also be used to improve rheological properties. Surfactants according to the invention include, for example, sulfonates, phosphates, carboxylates, fatty amines, amino carboxylic acids, polyglycol ethers and alkyl aryl polyglycol ether. Suitable natural surfactants include, for example, casein, egg yolk, mustard seed, soy lecithin, mono- and diglycerides. In one embodiment, the surfactant is selected from surfactants having a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic portion, such as amphiphilic, anionic, cationic, amphoteric or nonionic surfactants, or small particles utilizing the Pickering effect, or any mixture thereof. The surfactant is typically used in an amount of 1 -15% or 5-10% of the dry weight of the particle.

[0054] The composition according to the invention comprises a binder. Typical binders according to the invention include, for example, thermoplastic, thermosetting, natural binders (e.g. pine resins), natural drying oils (e.g. linseed, partially dried linseed, pine, castor and soybean oil), pine fat, alkyds (very long, medium and short oil), saturated and unsaturated polyesters, phenolic resins, amino resins, acrylic resins, epoxy resins, polyamides, polyurethanes, silicone resins, cellulose binders (e.g. nitrocellulose, cellulose esters and ethyl cellulose), hydrocarbon resins, latexes (e.g. acrylate and styrene acrylate), sodium, lithium and potassium silicates, melamine resins, cyclic rubber binders, polyisocyanates, 2-component binders and casein. In one embodiment, the binder is selected from latex, linseed oil (flax seed oil), partially dried linseed oil, tall oil fats, castor oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil, tall oil, fish oil, alkyds, soluble silicates, casein, cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, egg yolk, thermoplastic and thermosetting binders, or any mixture thereof.

[0055] Natural oils can act as both a universal solvent and a binder in the composition of the invention.

[0056] The composition according to the invention may additionally contain stabilizers, dispersants, biocides, surface modifiers and / or other conventional additives depending on the application of the composition. The additives include pigments, fillers, binders, and rheology control agents, adhesives, defoamers, biocides, dispersing agents, wetting agents, coalescing agents, light stabilizers, UV absorbers, and / or catalysts for example.

[0057] The composition according to the invention can be used to provide opacity and brightness in applications where so much organic binder is used that it forms a uniform film with pigments, fillers and particles in general. In these cases, the values are lower than those of CPVC. Such applications include, for example, Decor paper, gloss paints, semi-gloss paints and exterior paints.

[0058] The composition according to the invention is suitable for use as a filler for paper, cardboard, plastic, rubber and printing inks and in cosmetics. Such particle compositions typically also contain conventional manufacturing and auxiliary materials for filler compositions. Furthermore, the composition according to the invention is suitable for use in coating compositions that are used as coatings on paper, cardboard, plastics, rubber, laminates, concrete, wood, metals, various sheet materials, such as chipboard and plywood and composite materials, and in paints. Such coating compositions typically also contain conventional manufacturing and additives for coating compositions. The composition according to the invention is also suitable as a raw material for any material where high light scattering is required. The composition according to the invention is suitable for use in decor papers. Such decor papers also contain manufacturing and additives known to a person skilled in the art. Furthermore, the composition is suitable for use in paints. Such paints also contain conventional paint preparation and auxiliary materials. Titanium dioxide, other pigments, binders, rheology control agents, adhesives or other necessary additives can be used with compositions according to the invention, depending on the application.

[0059] According to one embodiment of the invention, the composition is suitable for use as a pigment-filler composition providing opacity and brightness. According to one embodiment of the invention, the composition is suitable for use as a titanium dioxide substitute without compromising optical properties. The composition according to the invention is suitable for use as a titanium dioxide substitute in paper, cardboard, plastic, rubber, laminates, sunscreen, printing inks, sun lotions and various coatings, for example barrier coatings, and in paints. In addition, the composition according to the invention is suitable for use as a titanium dioxide substitute in coating compositions used as coatings on paper, cardboard, plastics, rubber, concrete and wood, metals, various sheet materials, for example chipboard and plywood, and composite materials, and in paints. The composition according to the invention can replace approximately 1 -100% by weight of titanium dioxide without any deterioration in optical properties. According to one embodiment of the invention, the composition can replace 5-100% by weight, 10-100% by weight, 15-100% by weight of titanium dioxide without any deterioration in optical properties. According to one embodiment of the invention, the composition can replace 25-35% by weight of titanium dioxide without any deterioration in optical properties. According to one embodiment of the invention, the composition can replace 50-100% by weight of titanium dioxide without any deterioration in optical properties deterioration is observed. According to one embodiment of the invention, the composition can replace 75-100% by weight of titanium dioxide without deterioration in optical properties. According to one embodiment of the invention, the composition can replace about 25% by weight, about 50% by weight, about 75% by weight, about 100% by weight of titanium dioxide without deterioration in optical properties. According to one embodiment of the invention, the composition can be replaced 100% by weight of titanium dioxide without deterioration in optical properties.

[0060] Since the composition according to the invention can replace titanium dioxide completely or partially, it achieves a significant reduction in raw material costs. The composition according to the invention achieves a similar scattering ability more cheaply than when using titanium dioxide. When using the composition according to the invention, the materials to be produced can be thinned and / or lightened without reducing the achievable scattering ability (brightness and opacity) compared to the use of titanium dioxide. Consequently, the basis weight of the paper or board can be reduced, the number of coating layers can be reduced, unnecessary coating layers can be removed from several coating layers, or the used coating layers, paint or laminate can be thinned without reducing the covering ability and / or brightness and opacity. Each of these actions results in lower material costs, improved productivity and environmental protection.

[0061] The invention also relates to a method for preparing a composition according to the invention, which method comprises the following steps: a) providing at least one type of dry, porous particle and a polar or non-polar liquid volatile at positive degrees Celsius, b) filling the pores of the particle with liquid while simultaneously stirring evenly, c) adding a surfactant that has a hydrophobic and hydrophilic part or small particles utilizing the Pickering effect while stirring evenly to the composition, d) adding a binder e) universal solvent that repels the solvent in the pores of the porous particle separately or together with a binder in step d), f) optionally adding necessary additives, and g) recovering the obtained composition.

[0062] In the methods of preparing the composition, the universal solvent can act as a binder.

[0063] In the methods of preparing the composition, the order of steps c), d) and e) can be interchangeable with each other.

[0064] Thus, in one embodiment the invention relates to a method for preparing a composition according to the invention for water-based application, which method comprises the following steps: a) providing at least one type of dry, porous particle and a non-polar liquid volatile at positive degrees Celsius, b) filling the pores of the particle with liquid while simultaneously stirring evenly, c) adding a surfactant that has a hydrophobic and hydrophilic part or small particles utilizing the Pickering effect while stirring evenly to the composition, d) adding a binder, e) adding a universal solvent separately or together with the binder in step d) f) optionally adding the necessary additives, g) recovering the obtained composition.

[0065] In the methods of preparing the composition, the universal solvent can act as a binder.

[0066] In the methods of preparing the composition, the order of steps c), d) and e) can be interchangeable with each other.

[0067] In one embodiment, the invention relates to a method for preparing a composition according to the invention for oil-based application, which method comprises the following steps: a) providing at least one type of dry, porous particle and a polar liquid volatile at positive degrees Celsius, b) filling the pores of the particle with the liquid simultaneously with uniform mixing or a porous particle filter cake containing water is mixed into a mixture, c) adding a surfactant having a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic part or small particles utilizing the Pickering phenomenon with uniform mixing to the composition, d) adding a binder, e) adding a universal solvent that repels the solvent in the pores of the porous particle separately or together with the binder in step d), f) optionally adding the necessary additives, and g) recovering the obtained composition.

[0068] In the methods of preparing the composition, the universal solvent can act as a binder.

[0069] In the methods of preparing the composition, the order of steps c), d) and e) can be interchangeable with each other.

[0070] The necessary additives may be pigments, fillers, binders, and rheology control agents, adhesives, defoamers, biocides, dispersing agents, wetting agents, coalescing agents, light stabilizers, UV absorbers, catalysts or other necessary excipients and / or additives according to the application. Pigments (refractive index >1.7) and / or fillers (refractive index <1.7) known to those skilled in the art, with an oil absorption of less than 50 ml / 100 grams, may be used as pigments. The invention further relates to a method for preparing a filter cake or a filtrate, which method comprises the following steps: a) providing at least one slurry containing at least one type of porous particle and a polar or non-polar liquid which is volatile in positive Celsius degrees while uniformly stirring, b) adding a surfactant that has a hydrophobic and hydrophilic part or small particles utilizing the Pickering effect while uniformly stirring the composition, c) optionally adding a universal solvent that repels the solvent in the pores of the porous particle separately or together with a binder, d) optionally adding the necessary additives, e) recovering the obtained filter cake or filtrate from filter.

[0071] In the methods of preparing the filter cake or filtrate, the order of steps b) and c) can be interchangeable with each other.

[0072] Thus, in one embodiment, the invention relates to a method for preparing a filter cake or a filtrate for water-based application, which method comprises the following steps: a) providing at least one slurry containing at least one type of porous particle and a non-polar liquid which is volatile in positive Celsius degrees, b) adding a surfactant that has a hydrophobic and hydrophilic part or small particles utilizing the Pickering effect with uniform mixing to the composition, c) optionally adding a universal solvent that repels the solvent in the pores of the porous particle separately or together with a binder, d) optionally adding the necessary additives, e) recovering the obtained filter cake or filtrate from filter.

[0073] In the methods of preparing the filter cake or filtrate, the order of steps b) and c) can be interchangeable with each other.

[0074] In one embodiment, the invention relates to a method for preparing a filter cake or a filtrate for an oil-based application, which method comprises the following steps: a) providing at least one slurry containing at least one type of porous particle and a polar liquid which is volatile in positive Celsius degrees, b) adding a surfactant having a hydrophobic and hydrophilic part or small particles utilizing the Pickering effect with uniform mixing to the composition, c) optionally adding a universal solvent that repels the solvent in the pores of the porous particle separately or together with a binder, d) optionally adding the necessary additives, and e) recovering the obtained filter cake or filtrate from filter. In the methods of preparing the filter cake or filtrate, the universal solvent can act as a binder.

[0075] In the methods of preparing the filter cake or filtrate, the order of steps b) and c) can be interchangeable with each other.

[0076] The invention also relates to a method for preparing a filter cake or a filtrate, which method comprises the following steps: a) providing at least type of dry, porous particle and a polar or non-polar liquid volatile at positive degrees Celsius. b) filling the pores of the particle with the liquid simultaneously with uniform mixing, c) adding a surfactant that has a hydrophobic and hydrophilic part or small particles utilizing the Pickering effect with uniform mixing to the composition, d) optionally adding a universal solvent that repels the solvent in the pores of the porous particle separately or together with a binder, e) optionally adding the necessary additives, f) recovering the obtained filter cake or filtrate from filter.

[0077] The order of steps c) and d) can be interchangeable with each other.

[0078] The necessary additives may be pigments, fillers, binders, rheology control agents, adhesives or other necessary excipients and / or additives according to the application. Pigments (refractive index >1.7) and / or fillers (refractive index <1.7) known to those skilled in the art, with an oil absorption of less than 50 ml / 100 grams, may be used as pigments.

[0079] The compositions according to the invention can be prepared by any industrially applicable method, in which mixing is utilized at least once in at least one method step, in which the speed is at least 1 m / s. In the method according to one embodiment of the invention, the speed is 1-500 m / s. In the method according to one embodiment of the invention, the speed is 1-250 m / s. The speed can be, for example, the peripheral speed. The mixing can utilize for example an impact mixer, rotors rotating in opposite directions, rotors rotating in the same direction with a large mutual speed difference, dripping, the pin mill principle, impacts and counter-impacts. Dispersion, ultrasound and atomization can also be utilized in the preparation of the composition.

[0080] The following examples illustrate the invention, but do not limit the invention to the examples described. The TiO2 in the following examples has always been dispersed with ultrasound and a dispersant before being added to the dissolver. EXAMPLES

[0081] Example 1 . Effect of the binder according to the invention (coverage)

[0082] Table 2. Test points for Example 1 .

[0083] The test pigment was prepared by adding a magnesium hydroxide solution and an aluminum sulfate solution to the reactor medium. The preparation used a temperature above the freezing point of water and constant mixing. To this solution, diluted aluminum sulfate and sodium silicate were added in such a way that the target pH was maintained. Sodium silicate was used in an amount at least that required for the stoichiometric reaction of magnesium and aluminum. Rotor-rotor mixing operating at a peripheral speed of at least 1 m / s was used at some stage during the preparation. Finally, the precipitated product was filtered and washed with water before dispersing the filter cake into an aqueous slurry. This aqueous slurry was dried with a spray dryer to obtain the test pigment (test pigment with an oil absorption of 134 ml / 100 grams and an average particle size of 1.5 pm) for this example. The oil absorption of the TiO2 used (Tiona 595) is 19 g / 100 grams and the average particle size (laser) is 0.28 pm (values reported by Tronox).

[0084] At test point 301 , the isoparaffin Isopar L (ExxonMobil) was mixed with the dry test pigment powder on a glass substrate by rubbing with a spatula. The isoparaffin was added until the isoparaffin “came out” of the powder. This mixture was mixed with water in a dissolver, into which 5% of the surfactant Antiterra 204 (BYK) had been added, based on the dry weight of the powder. A minimum amount of water was added to the dissolver to disperse the treated test pigment powder. At test points 101 and 201 , this treatment was not performed, but the dry powders (TiO2 and test pigment) were slurried in water in a dissolver to the maximum dry matter, as is normally done.

[0085] After the dissolver, latex (Acronal S 728) was added to the paste at a slow speed in a laboratory mixer with PVC at 20%, 40% or 80% and KAP varying between 25% and 31 %. The pH of this aqueous slurry was maintained above pH 8.3 during mixing by addition of NaOH, the viscosity was adjusted with a thickener (Sterocoll FS) at 800-850 cps (Brookfield, 100 rpm, spindle 4). From this, samples were diluted with deionized water to a final KAP of 6% for coating. The coatings were applied with a rod coater (RK PrintCoat Instruments K Control Coater 101 ) with rod no. 7 onto polyester film (Leneta 1 mm). Opacity and brightness were measured with an opacity meter (Rhopoint Novoshade Duo+). The results are presented below in Table 3 and Figure 1 .

[0086] Table 3.

[0087] The effect of the invention, (test point 301 ) compared to the conventional way of making the coating (test point 201 ), is a clear improvement in opacity and brightness. Test point 301 achieves the same opacity (and brightness) as TiO2 at different PVC levels, i.e. can replace TiO2.

[0088] Example 2. Effect of the invention on the performance of the binder (covering ability)

[0089] Table 4. Test points for Example 2.

[0090] The preparation of the test pigment Ti was started by adding TiO2 (Tiona 595, Tronox) to the reactor medium containing magnesium hydroxide solution and aluminum sulfate solution. The preparation was carried out at a temperature above the freezing point of water and with constant stirring. To this solution, diluted aluminum sulfate and sodium silicate were added in such a way as to maintain the target pH. Sodium silicate was used in an amount at least that required for the stoichiometric reaction of magnesium and aluminum. Rotorrotor mixing with a peripheral speed of at least 1 m / s was used at some stage during the preparation. Finally, the precipitated product was filtered and washed with water before the filter cake was dispersed into an aqueous slurry. This aqueous slurry was dried with a spray dryer to give the test pigment Ti (oil absorption 120 ml / 100 grams and average particle size 0.8 pm) for this example. The oil absorption of the TiO2 used (Tiona 595) is 19 g / 100 grams and the average particle size (laser) is 0.28 pm (values reported by Tronox).

[0091] The test pigment Ti contained 19.7 wt% TiO2 and 80.3 wt% aluminium magnesium silicate.

[0092] The results of the TiC reference point (test point 101 ) are the same as in example 1 . At test point 3010, isoparaffin was mixed into dry test pigment Ti powder by rubbing with a spatula on a glass substrate. Isoparaffin was added until the isoparaffin “came out” of the powder. At test point 2010, the isoparaffin treatment was not performed on the test pigment Ti powder but it was slurried in water in a dissolver to the maximum dry matter, as is normally done. The test pigment Ti (test point 3010) was mixed with water in a dissolver to which 5% of the surfactant Antiterra 204 (BYK) had been added, based on the dry weight of the powder. To this, a minimum amount of water was added in the dissolver to disperse the treated test pigment Ti powder. At test points 4010 and 5010, 20% by weight TiO2 and 80% by weight Example 1 test pigment were mixed in this weight ratio. At test point 5010, the mixture of TiO2 and Example 1 test pigment was treated with isoparaffin in the manner described above (as at test point 3010). At test point 4010, no isoparaffin treatment was applied to the mixture, but the dry powders (TiO2 and test pigment) were slurried in water in the dissolver to the maximum dry matter, as is conventionally done. At test points 4010 and 5010, TiO2 and test pigment were added together to the dissolver.

[0093] After the dissolver, latex (Acronal S 728) was added to the paste at a slow speed in a laboratory mixer so that the PVC was 20, 40 or 80% and the KAP was approximately 30%. The pH of this aqueous slurry was maintained above pH 8.3 during mixing by addition of NaOH, the viscosity was adjusted with a thickener (Sterocoll FS) at 800-850 cps (Brookfield, 100 rpm, spindle 4). From this, samples were diluted with deionized water to a final KAP of 6 %. The coatings were applied with a rod coater (RK PrintCoat Instruments K Control Coater 101 ) with rod no. 7 onto polyester film (Leneta 1 mm). Opacity and brightness were measured with an opacity meter (Rhopoint Novoshade Duo+). The results are presented in Table 5 and Figure 2. Table 5. Results of Example 2.

[0094] Approximately 20% by weight either included in the pigment structure (Test point 3010) or well dispersed in a 20:80 ratio of TiO2 to the test pigment of example 1 gives better opacity than TiO2. However, this requires that the pores are protected during manufacture according to the invention. This is shown by test points 2010 and 4010, where the comparison points are not treated according to the invention.

[0095] Example 3. Composition with an oil-based binder.

[0096] In this example, the test pigment of Example 1 and titanium dioxide TiO2 were used.

[0097] At test point 3011 , water was mixed into the dry test pigment powder on a glass tray by rubbing it with a spatula. Water was added until the water “came out” of the powder. To this, 5% of the surfactant Antiterra 204 (BYK) calculated on the dry weight of the pigment powder was gently hand mixed. This mixture was hand-mixed enough boiled linseed oil (linseed oil extra, Allback) to get a PVC of 40. In test points 1011 and 2011 there was not this treatment, but dry powders (TiO2 and test pigment) were hand mixed with linseed oil in amounts that got a PVC of 40.

[0098] From this, the samples were diluted with mineral spirits (Polaric, S-taroil) to a final KAP of 6% for 5 coatings. The coatings were applied with a rod coater (RK PrintCoat Instruments K Control Coater 101 ) with rod no. 7 onto a board. The samples were allowed to dry at room temperature for two weeks. Opacity and brightness were measured with an opacity meter (Rhopoint Novoshade Duo+). The results are shown in Table 7.

[0099] Table 7.

[0100] The effect of the invention, (test point 3011 ) compared to the conventional way of producing the coating (test point 2011 ), is a clear improvement in opacity and brightness. Test point 3011 achieves the same opacity (and brightness) as TiO2 at PVC level 40, i.e. can replace TiO2.

[0101] Example 4.

[0102] The example used commercial products whose properties as stated by the manufacturers are shown in Table 8 below.

[0103] Table 8.

[0104] The test scores are shown in Table 9 below, as are the opacity and brightness values. Table 9.

[0105] In test points AA, BB and CC, the isoparaffin Isopar L (ExxonMobil) was mixed into the sample on a glass substrate by rubbing it with a spatula. The isoparaffin was added until the isoparaffin “came out” of the powder. This mixture was mixed with water in a dissolver, into which 5% of the surfactant Antiterra 204 (BYK) had been added, based on the dry weight of the powder. To this, a minimum amount of water was added in the dissolver to disperse the treated pigment powder. In test points A, B and C, this treatment was not performed, but the dry powders were slurried in water in a dissolver to the maximum dry matter, as is conventionally done.

[0106] After the dissolver, latex (Acronal S 728) was added to the paste at a slow speed in a laboratory mixer so that the PVC was 40%. The pH of this aqueous slurry was maintained above pH 8.3 by addition of caustic soda during mixing, the viscosity was adjusted with a thickener (Sterocoll FS) 800-850 cps (Brookfield, 100 rpm, spindle 4). From this, samples were diluted with deionized water to a final KAP of 6% for coating. The coatings were applied with a rod coater (RK PrintCoat Instruments K Control Coater 101 ) with rod no. 7 onto polyester film (Leneta 1 mm). Opacity and shade were measured with an opacity meter (Rhopoint Novoshade Duo+). The results are presented in Table 9 above.

[0107] The results show that the treatment according to the invention improves the opacity and brightness properties achievable with commercial products, although TiO2 is clearly better.

Claims

CLAIMS1 . A porous composition that in the form of a slurry comprises at least one porous particle, at least one surfactant, a binder, a volatile polar or non-polar solvent that fills the pores of the porous particle, a universal solvent that repels the solvent in the pores of the porous particle, wherein the universal solvent with the at least one surfactant keeps the volatile polar or non-polar solvent in the pores of the particle providing a solution in which the solvent-filled pores of the particles are dispersed by at least one surfactant.

2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein in dry form the at least one porous particle is porous and the pores of the porous particle are filled with air.

3. The composition of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the universal solvent acts as a binder.

4. A filter cake or filtrate composition, which is in solution or slurry form and comprises at least one porous particle, a pore-filling polar or nonpolar volatile solvent and surfactant.

5. The composition of any one of claims 1 -4, wherein the porous particle has an oil absorption value of 50-300 ml / 100 grams, 50-200 ml / 100 grams or 100-150 ml / 100 grams.

6. The composition of claims 1-5, wherein the at least one porous particle is selected from crystalline or amorphous silicates, carbonates, satin white, aluminum trihydrate or polysaccharide-based particles.

7. The composition of any one of claims 1 -6, wherein the at least one porous particle is selected from precipitated aluminosilicates, calcium silicates, magnesium silicates, aluminum magnesium silicates, aluminum calcium silicates, aluminum calcium magnesium silicates, calcium magnesium silicates, any combination of aluminum, magnesium and / or calcium silicates, reaction products of calcium hydroxide, soluble silicate and an acid, silicas, or any mixtures thereof.

8. The composition of any one of claims 1 -6, wherein the at least one porous particle is selected from precipitated aluminiumsilicates, magnesium silicates, aluminiummagnesium silicates, calcium silicates, calcium magnesium silicates and / or aluminiumcalcium silicates.

9. The composition of any one of claims 1 -6, wherein the at least one porous particle is selected from calcium carbonates or modified calcium carbonates.

10. The composition of any one of claims 1 -6, wherein the at least one porous particle is precipitated satin white or aluminum trihydrate.11 . The composition of any one of claims 7-10, wherein the particle of the composition comprises titanium dioxide in an amount of about 5 to 40% by weight of the particle.

12. The composition of any one of claims 1 -6, wherein the at least one porous particle is selected from cellulose nanocrystal particles and other cellulose-based particles made from colloidal cellulose and micro cellulose, cellulose crystalline particles and cellulose microparticles, and starch nano- and microparticles.

13. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the particle has an average particle size of 1 -10 pm, preferably 1 -2 pm, more preferably 0.2-0.6 pm, as determined by laser measurement.

14. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the polar or nonpolar volatile solvent is selected from water, isoparaffinic hydrocarbon, mineral spirits, naphtha, alcohols, carboxylic acids, paraffin, acetone, turpentine and xylene, or any mixture thereof.

15. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the surfactant is selected from surfactants having a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic portion, such as amphiphilic, anionic, cationic, amphoteric or nonionic surfactants, or small particles utilizing the Pickering effect, or any mixture thereof.

16. The composition of any one of claims 1 -3, or 5-15, wherein the binder is selected from latex, linseed oil, partially dried linseed oil, tall oil fats, castor oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil, tall oil, fish oil, alkyds, soluble silicates, casein, cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, egg yolk, thermoplastic and thermosetting binders, or any mixture thereof.

17. The composition according to any one of claims 1 -3 or 5-15, wherein the PVC is 5-80% or 20-60%.

18. Use of the composition according to any one of claims 1 -3 or 5-17 as a particle composition for non-coating applications of paper, cardboard,plastic, rubber, laminate, sunscreen or printing ink, or as a filler composition for any other material where high light scattering is required.

19. Use of the composition according to any one of claims 1 -3 or 5-17 as a particle composition in a coating composition for use as a coating on paper, cardboard, plastic, rubber, concrete or wood, or as raw material for any other material, such as wallpaper and sunscreen, where high light scattering is required.

20. Use of the composition according to any one of claims 1 -3 or 5-17 as a particle composition in coatings, such as paint and coatings.21 . Use of the composition according to any one of claims 1 -3 or 5-17 as a substitute for titanium dioxide as a particle in non-coating applications on paper, cardboard, plastic, rubber, laminate, sunscreen or printing ink, in a coating composition used as a coating on paper, cardboard, plastic, rubber, concrete or wood, or as a raw material in paint or any other material, such as wallpaper and sunscreen, where high light scattering is required.

22. The use of claim 20, wherein the composition replaces 25-100% by weight, 50-100% by weight, 75-100% by weight, about 100% by weight of titanium dioxide.

23. Use of the filtrate cake or filtrate composition according to claim 4 for the preparation of the composition according to claim 1 .

24. A method for preparing a composition according to any one of claims 1-3 or 5-17, comprising the following steps: a) providing at least one type of dry, porous particle and a polar or nonpolar liquid which is volatile in positive Celsius degrees; b) filling the pores of the particle with the liquid while simultaneously stirring evenly; c) adding a surfactant having a hydrophobic and hydrophilic portion or small particles utilizing the Pickering effect while stirring evenly to the composition, d) adding a binder, e) adding a universal solvent that repels the solvent in the pores of the porous particle separately or together with a binder in step d), f) optionally adding the necessary additives and g) recovering the obtained composition.

25. A method for preparing a filter cake or filtrate according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a) providing at least one slurry containing at least one type of porous particle and a polar or non-polar liquid which is volatile in positive Celsius degrees; b) adding a surfactant having a hydrophobic and hydrophilic portion or small particles utilizing the Pickering effect while uniformly stirring the composition, c) optionally adding a universal solvent that repels the solvent in the pores of the porous particle separately or together with a binder, d) optionally adding necessary additives, and e) recovering the obtained filter cake or filtrate from filter.

26. A composition that becomes porous upon drying and that in a form of a slurry or solution comprises at least one porous particle, a volatile polar or non-polar solvent that fills the pores of the particle, a universal solvent that repels the solvent in the pores of the porous particle, and a surfactant wherein the composition is prepared by the method according to claim 24 or 25.

Images