Devices, methods, and medium for communication
By dynamically controlling carrier wave transmission based on PDCCH monitoring, the solution addresses alignment challenges in Ambient IoT devices, enhancing efficiency and reducing power consumption.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-26
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies face challenges in efficiently managing carrier wave transmission for ultra-low complexity and ultra-low power consumption devices in Ambient IoT applications, particularly in aligning transmission delays and timings for backscatter-based communication.
A first device monitors a PDCCH configuration to receive DCI for carrier wave transmission, starting the transmission at a specific time offset after the PDCCH end if indicated, allowing dynamic control and aligned timing with PRDCH/PRDCH transmission.
This approach enables efficient and timely carrier wave transmission for Ambient IoT devices, reducing complexity and power consumption while ensuring synchronized communication.
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Figure CN2024119859_26032026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
DEVICES, METHODS, AND MEDIUM FOR COMMUNICATIONFIELD
[0001] Example embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of communication techniques and in particular, to devices, methods, and a computer readable medium for communication.BACKGROUND
[0002] Recently, a study item on ambient internet of things (ambient-IoT or A-IoT) has been started in third generation partnership project (3GPP) Release 19 (Rel-19 or R19) . The study targets at a new 3GPP IoT technology, suitable for deployment in a 3GPP system, which relies on ultra-low complexity devices with ultra-low power consumption for the very-low end IoT applications.SUMMARY
[0003] In general, example embodiments of the present disclosure provide devices, methods, and a computer storage medium for communication.
[0004] In a first aspect, there is provided a first device. The first device comprises at least one processor configured to cause the first device at least to: receive, from a second device, a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) monitoring configuration; and monitor, based on the PDCCH monitoring configuration, in a search space to receive a first PDCCH carrying downlink control information (DCI) triggering a transmission of a carrier wave; and in accordance with a determination that the DCI comprises an indication for transmitting the carrier wave and the first device is not or has not started transmitting the carrier wave, start transmitting the carrier wave to an A-IoT device from a specific time, wherein the specific time is determined based on a first time offset after an end of the first PDCCH, and wherein the carrier wave is used for the A-IoT device to generate a signal to be transmitted to the second device or a further device.
[0005] In a second aspect, there is provided a first device. The first device comprises at least one processor configured to cause the first device at least to: monitor a first physical reader to device channel (PRDCH) which is transmitted from a second device to an A-IoT device; and in accordance with a determination that the first PRDCH is received and the first PRDCH comprises carrier wave information which is associated with the first device, start transmitting a carrier wave to the A-IoT device, wherein the carrier wave is used for the A-IoT device to generate a signal to be transmitted to the second device.
[0006] In a third aspect, there is provided a first device. The first device comprises at least one processor configured to cause the first device at least to: receive, from a second device, a first signal triggering a transmission of a PRDCH; perform, based on the first signal, a transmission to at least one A-IoT device of: a first PRDCH, and a carrier wave from a first offset before a start of the first PRDCH; and stop a transmission of the carrier wave from a second offset after an end of a second PRDCH, wherein the second PRDCH comprises acknowledgement information which indicates a completion of an A-IoT procedure.
[0007] In a fourth aspect, there is provided a method of communication. The method comprises: receiving, at a first device from a second device, a PDCCH monitoring configuration; and monitoring, based on the PDCCH monitoring configuration, in a search space to receive a first PDCCH carrying a DCI triggering a transmission of a carrier wave; and in accordance with a determination that the DCI comprises an indication for transmitting the carrier wave and the first device is not or has not started transmitting the carrier wave, starting transmitting the carrier wave to an A-IoT device from a specific time, wherein the specific time is determined based on a first time offset after an end of the first PDCCH, and wherein the carrier wave is used for the A-IoT device to generate a signal to be transmitted to the second device or a further device.
[0008] In a fifth aspect, there is provided a method of communication. The method comprises: monitoring, at a first device, a first PRDCH which is transmitted from a second device to an A-IoT device; and in accordance with a determination that the first PRDCH is received and the first PRDCH comprises carrier wave information which is associated with the first device, starting transmitting a carrier wave to the A-IoT device, wherein the carrier wave is used for the A-IoT device to generate a signal to be transmitted to the second device.
[0009] In a sixth aspect, there is provided a method of communication. The method comprises: receiving, at a first device from a second device, a first signal triggering a transmission of a PRDCH; performing, based on the first signal, a transmission to at least one A-IoT device of: a first PRDCH, and a carrier wave from a first offset before a start of the first PRDCH; and stopping a transmission of the carrier wave from a second offset after an end of a second PRDCH, wherein the second PRDCH comprises acknowledgement information which indicates a completion of an A-IoT procedure.
[0010] In a seventh aspect, there is provided a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to carry out the method according to any of the fourth to the sixth aspects above.
[0011] It is to be understood that the summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] Through the more detailed description of some example embodiments of the present disclosure in the accompanying drawings, the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent, wherein:
[0013] FIG. 1A illustrates a schematic diagram of an example communication network in which some embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;
[0014] FIG. 1B illustrates an example schematic of a communication between an A-IoT device and a reader;
[0015] FIG. 1C illustrates an example schematic of deployment scenario 1 with topology 1 for an A-IoT device;
[0016] FIG. 1D illustrates an example schematic of deployment scenario 2 with topology 2 for an A-IoT device;
[0017] FIG. 1E illustrates examples of some cases for topology 1;
[0018] FIG. 1F illustrates examples of some cases for topology 2;
[0019] FIG. 2 illustrates a signalling chart illustrating communication process in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0020] FIGS. 3A-3B illustrate some examples for a CW transmission in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0021] FIGS. 4A-4B illustrate some examples for monitoring PDCCH while transmitting CW in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0022] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of CW information in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0023] FIG. 6 illustrates a signalling chart illustrating communication process in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0024] FIG. 7 illustrates an example for a CW transmission in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0025] FIG. 8 illustrates signalling chart illustrating communication process in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0026] FIG. 9 illustrates an example for a CW transmission in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0027] FIG. 10 illustrates a flowchart of an example method implemented at a first device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0028] FIG. 11 illustrates a flowchart of an example method implemented at a first device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0029] FIG. 12 illustrates a flowchart of an example method implemented at a first device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0030] FIG. 13 illustrates a simplified block diagram of a device that is suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0031] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar element.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] Principle of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some example embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. Embodiments described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0033] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0034] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0035] It shall be understood that although the terms “first” and “second” etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.
[0036] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.
[0037] In some examples, values, procedures, or apparatus are referred to as “best, ” “lowest, ” “highest, ” “minimum, ” “maximum, ” or the like. It will be appreciated that such descriptions are intended to indicate that a selection among many used functional alternatives can be made, and such selections need not be better, smaller, higher, or otherwise preferable to other selections.
[0038] As used herein, the term “communication network” refers to a network following any suitable communication standards, such as New Radio (NR) , Long Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) , Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) , High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA) , Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) and so on. Furthermore, the communications between a terminal device and a network device in the communication network may be performed according to any suitable generation communication protocols, including, but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) , 5.5G, 5G-Advanced networks, or the sixth generation (6G) communication protocols, and / or any other protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied in various communication systems. Given the rapid development in communications, there will of course also be future type communication technologies and systems with which the present disclosure may be embodied. It should not be seen as limiting the scope of the present disclosure to only the aforementioned system.
[0039] As used herein, the term “terminal device” refers to any device having wireless or wired communication capabilities. Examples of terminal device include, but not limited to, user equipment (UE) , personal computers, desktops, mobile phones, cellular phones, smart phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs) , portable computers, tablets, wearable devices, internet of things (IoT) devices, Ultra-reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC) devices, Internet of Everything (IoE) devices, machine type communication (MTC) devices, device on vehicle for V2X communication where X means pedestrian, vehicle, or infrastructure / network, devices for Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) , Space borne vehicles or Air borne vehicles in Non-terrestrial networks (NTN) including Satellites and High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) encompassing Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) , eXtended Reality (XR) devices including different types of realities such as Augmented Reality (AR) , Mixed Reality (MR) and Virtual Reality (VR) , the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) commonly known as a drone which is an aircraft without any human pilot, devices on high speed train (HST) , or image capture devices such as digital cameras, sensors, gaming devices, music storage and playback appliances, or Internet appliances enabling wireless or wired Internet access and browsing and the like. The ‘terminal device’ can further has ‘multicast / broadcast’ feature, to support public safety and mission critical, V2X applications, transparent IPv4 / IPv6 multicast delivery, IPTV, smart TV, radio services, software delivery over wireless, group communications and IoT applications. It may also be incorporated one or multiple Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) as known as Multi-SIM. The term “terminal device” can be used interchangeably with a UE, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile terminal, a user terminal or a wireless device.
[0040] As used herein, the term “network device” refers to a device which is capable of providing or hosting a cell or coverage where terminal devices can communicate. Examples of a network device include, but not limited to, a satellite, an unmanned aerial systems (UAS) platform, a Node B (NodeB or NB) , an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a next generation NodeB (gNB) , a transmission reception point (TRP) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , a radio head (RH) , a remote radio head (RRH) , an IAB node, a low power node such as a femto node, a pico node, a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) , and the like.
[0041] In one embodiment, the terminal device may be connected with a first network device and a second network device. One of the first network device and the second network device may be a master node and the other one may be a secondary node. The first network device and the second network device may use different radio access technologies (RATs) . In one embodiment, the first network device may be a first RAT device and the second network device may be a second RAT device. In one embodiment, the first RAT device is eNB and the second RAT device is gNB. Information related with different RATs may be transmitted to the terminal device from at least one of the first network device and the second network device. In one embodiment, first information may be transmitted to the terminal device from the first network device and second information may be transmitted to the terminal device from the second network device directly or via the first network device. In one embodiment, information related with configuration for the terminal device configured by the second network device may be transmitted from the second network device via the first network device. Information related with reconfiguration for the terminal device configured by the second network device may be transmitted to the terminal device from the second network device directly or via the first network device.
[0042] Communications discussed herein may conform to any suitable standards including, but not limited to, New Radio (NR) Access, Long Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Evolution, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) , Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) , Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) , cdma2000, and Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) and the like. Furthermore, the communications may be performed according to any generation communication protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Examples of the communication protocols include, but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.85G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) , and the sixth (6G) communication protocols. The techniques described herein may be used for the wireless networks and radio technologies mentioned above as well as other wireless networks and radio technologies. The embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed according to any generation communication protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Examples of the communication protocols include, but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, 5.5G, 5G-Advanced networks, or the sixth generation (6G) networks.
[0043] The terminal device or the network device may have Artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning capability. It generally includes a model which has been trained from numerous collected data for a specific function, and can be used to predict some information.
[0044] The terminal device or the network device may work on several frequency ranges, e.g. FR1 (410 MHz to 7125 MHz) , FR2 (24.25GHz to 71GHz) , frequency band larger than 100GHz as well as Tera Hertz (THz) . It can further work on licensed / unlicensed / shared spectrum. The terminal device may have more than one connection with the network device under Multi-Radio Dual Connectivity (MR-DC) application scenario. The terminal device or the network device can work on full duplex, flexible duplex and cross division duplex modes.
[0045] The embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed in test equipment, e.g., signal generator, signal analyzer, spectrum analyzer, network analyzer, test terminal device, test network device, or channel emulator.
[0046] The embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed according to any generation communication protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Examples of the communication protocols include, but not limited to, the 1G, 2G, 2.5G, 2.75G, 3G, 4G, 4.5G, 5G, 5.5G, 5G-Advanced networks, or 6G networks.
[0047] The term “circuitry” used herein may refer to hardware circuits and / or combinations of hardware circuits and software. For example, the circuitry may be a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuits with software / firmware. As a further example, the circuitry may be any portions of hardware processors with software including digital signal processor (s) , software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a terminal device or a network device, to perform various functions. In a still further example, the circuitry may be hardware circuits and or processors, such as a microprocessor or a portion of a microprocessor, that requires software / firmware for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation. As used herein, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (s) or a portion of a hardware circuit or processor (s) and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware.
[0048] As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term “includes” and its variants are to be read as open terms that mean “includes, but is not limited to. ” The term “based on” is to be read as “based at least in part on. ” The term “one embodiment” and “an embodiment” are to be read as “at least one embodiment. ” The term “another embodiment” is to be read as “at least one other embodiment. ” The terms “first, ” “second, ” and the like may refer to different or same objects. Other definitions, explicit and implicit, may be included below.
[0049] In some examples, values, procedures, or apparatus are referred to as “best, ” “lowest, ” “highest, ” “minimum, ” “maximum, ” or the like. It will be appreciated that such descriptions are intended to indicate that a selection among many used functional alternatives can be made, and such selections need not be better, smaller, higher, or otherwise preferable to other selections.
[0050] It is to be noted that, in the present disclosure, if not specified otherwise, the term “OFDM symbol” indicates CP-OFDM symbol, or any variant of OFDM symbol, e.g., DFT-s-OFDM, GI-OFDM, zero CP OFDM, unique word OFDM, etc.
[0051] A study item on Ambient IoT has completed in 3GPP Rel-18, which provides a terminological and scoping framework for future discussions of Ambient IoT. This has defined representative use cases, deployment scenarios, connectivity topologies, Ambient IoT devices, design targets, and required functionalities. It also conducted a preliminary feasibility assessment and gave recommendations for down-selection in setting the scope of Rel-19 radio access network (RAN) work group (WG) level study. 3GPP Rel-19 A-IoT study targets a further assessment at RAN WG-level of Ambient IoT, a new 3GPP IoT technology, suitable for deployment in a 3GPP system, which relies on ultra-low complexity devices with ultra-low power consumption for the very-low end IoT applications.
[0052] To support ambient IoT devices in the NR system, new features should be introduced, e.g., new waveform, new frame structure, new physical layer and higher layer procedures, etc. Some type of A-IoT devices may use backscatter based transmission, for a transmission from a device to a reader, in this case, a carrier wave (CW) may be provided externally from a carrier wave node (CWN) . An issue about a CW signal transmitted by the CWN, e.g., when the CW is transmitted or not transmitted, needs to be studied.
[0053] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution of communication. In the solution, a first device may monitor PDCCH to receive a first PDCCH from a second device, the first device may further start a CW transmission from a first time offset after an end of the first PDCCH if the DCI includes an indication for transmitting the carrier wave and the first device is not transmitting the carrier wave or has not started transmitting the carrier wave. As such, the CW transmission can be dynamically controlled by the second device, thus the transmission delay can be small, and the timing of CW transmission can be well aligned with the PRDCH / PDRCH transmission. Principles and implementations of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the figures.
[0054] FIG. 1A illustrates a schematic diagram of an example communication network 100 in which some embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. As shown in FIG. 1A, the communication network 100 may include an A-IoT device 110, a network device 120-1, a terminal device 120-2, a CN entity 130, and a CWN 140.
[0055] For ease of description, the A-IoT device 110 may be referred to as a Device 110 in some cases, and the network device 120-1 and the terminal device 120-2 may be collectively or separately referred to as a Reader 120 in some cases. It is to be noted that although a base station (BS) and / or user equipment (UE) is illustrated as a reader, the device type of the reader can be in a different type which is not limited for this aspect.
[0056] In some examples, a transmission from the device 110 (i.e. ambient IoT device) to the reader 120 may be referred to as a device-to-reader (D2R) transmission or an uplink (UL) transmission. In some examples, a transmission from the reader 120 to the device 110 (i.e. ambient IoT device) may be referred to as a reader-to-device (R2D) transmission or a downlink (DL) transmission.
[0057] The CN entity 130 may be a network function (NF) in CN, such as a 5GC or a 6G core network. For example, the CN entity 130 may be implemented as an A-IoT function (AIF) or an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) of a 5GC.
[0058] The CWN 140 may be a device which transmits carrier wave e.g., for harvesting the device 110. In some examples, the CWN 140 may be a device that is separate from the reader 120, as illustrated. However, in some other examples, the CWN 140 may be the same as the reader 120. For example, the CWN 140 may be a UE, a relay node, a gNB, or a network controlled node. For example, the CWN may be outside topology or inside topology. In the present disclosure, the CWN is also referred to as a first device.
[0059] Communications in the environment, between a network device and a terminal device for example, between a network device / aterminal device and an A-IoT device for example, may be implemented according to any proper communication protocol (s) , comprising, but not limited to, cellular communication protocols of the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , the fifth generation (5G) , the sixth generation (6G) , and the like, wireless local network communication protocols such as Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 and the like, and / or any other protocols currently known or to be developed in the future. Moreover, the communication may utilize any proper wireless communication technology, comprising but not limited to: Code Divided Multiple Address (CDMA) , Frequency Divided Multiple Address (FDMA) , Time Divided Multiple Address (TDMA) , Frequency Divided Duplexer (FDD) , Time Divided Duplexer (TDD) , Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) , Orthogonal Frequency Divided Multiple Access (OFDMA) and / or any other technologies currently known or to be developed in the future.
[0060] Embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to any suitable scenarios. For example, embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented at reduced capability NR devices. Alternatively, embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented in one of the followings: NR multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) , NR sidelink enhancements, NR systems with frequency above 52.6GHz, an extending NR operation up to 71GHz, narrow band-Internet of Thing (NB-IOT) / enhanced Machine Type Communication (eMTC) over non-terrestrial networks (NTN) , NTN, UE power saving enhancements, NR coverage enhancement, NB-IoT and LTE-MTC, Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) , NR Multicast and Broadcast Services, or enhancements on Multi-Radio Dual-Connectivity.
[0061] It is to be understood that the numbers of devices and their connection relationships and types shown in FIG. 1A are only for the purpose of illustration without suggesting any limitation. The environment may include any suitable numbers of devices adapted for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0062] The Ambient IoT refers to a new class of IoT devices primarily powered by harvesting ambient energy from radio waves, light, motion, heat, or any other viable ambient energy source. FIG. 1B illustrates an example schematic of a communication 105 between an A-IoT device 110 and a reader 120. It is to be noted that although the reader is illustrated as a UE in FIG. 1B, the device type of the reader can be in a different type which is not limited for this aspect.
[0063] The Ambient IoT is an extension of the existing IoT. Ambient IoT devices carry out many of the same functions as IoT devices and target many of the same use cases but require additional design choices to meet solution demands. By relying on energy harvested from ambient sources, the Ambient IoT makes it possible to develop lower-cost, smaller, and maintenance-free devices, allowing the IoT to become more scalable in existing use cases and in use cases still to be developed.
[0064] Harvesting energy from ambient sources generates only minimal amounts of power. This creates the inherent requirement for Ambient IoT devices to be less complex and more power efficient. The A-IOT device does not need to actively generate a signal, but communicates by reflecting electromagnetic waves generated by other devices.
[0065] The following connectivity topologies (topology 1 and topology 2) for Ambient IoT networks and devices are defined for the purposes of the study on ambient IoT in RAN. In all these topologies, the Ambient IoT device may be provided with a carrier wave from other node (s) either inside or outside the topology. The links in each topology may be bidirectional or unidirectional.
[0066] FIG. 1C illustrates an example schematic of deployment scenario 1 with topology 1 for an A-IoT device. In Topology 1, the ambient IoT device directly and bidirectionally communicates with a base station. The BS serves as the Reader for the ambient IoT device and performs operation (e.g., inventory, read, write, etc. ) to the ambient IoT device. The communication between the base station and the ambient IoT device includes Ambient IoT data and / or signalling. This topology includes the possibility that the BS transmitting to the Ambient IoT device is a different from the BS receiving from the Ambient IoT device. In topology 1, the base station and coexistence characteristics may include Micro-cell, co-site, etc.
[0067] FIG. 1D illustrates an example schematic of deployment scenario 2 with topology 2 for an A-IoT device. In Topology 2, the Ambient IoT device communicates bidirectionally with an intermediate node between the device and the base station. The intermediate node serves as the Reader for the ambient IoT device and performs operation (e.g., inventory, read, write, etc. ) to the ambient IoT device. In this topology, the intermediate node can be a relay, IAB node, UE, repeater, etc. which is capable of Ambient IoT. The intermediate node transfers Ambient IoT data and / or signalling between the base station and the Ambient IoT device. In topology 2, the base station and coexistence characteristics may include Micro-cell, co-site, etc. In topology 2, the location of intermediate node may be indoor.
[0068] An overall objective of the study on ambient IoT shall be to study a harmonized air interface design with minimized differences (where necessary) for Ambient IoT to enable the following devices:
[0069] ○ Device 1: ~1 μW peak power consumption, has energy storage, initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) up to 10X ppm, neither DL nor UL amplification in the device. The device’s UL transmission is backscattered on a carrier wave provided externally.
[0070] ○ Device 2a: ≤ a few hundred μW peak power consumption, has energy storage, initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) up to 10X ppm, both DL and / or UL amplification in the device. The device’s UL transmission is backscattered on a carrier wave provided externally.
[0071] ○ Device 2b: ≤ a few hundred μW peak power consumption, has energy storage, initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) up to 10X ppm, both DL and / or UL amplification in the device. The device’s UL transmission is generated internally by the device.
[0072] For the case that D2R backscattering is transmitted in the same carrier as CW for D2R backscattering and for topology, the following cases for CW transmission are studied:
[0073] ● Case 1-1: CW is transmitted from inside the topology, transmitted in DL spectrum.
[0074] ● Case 1-2: CW is transmitted from inside the topology, transmitted in UL spectrum.
[0075] ● Case 1-4: CW is transmitted from outside the topology, transmitted in UL spectrum.
[0076] FIG. 1E illustrates examples of some cases for topology 1. In topology 1, the ambient device is connected to a gNB. In case 1-1, the gNB 101-1 may transmit a R2D signal to an A-IoT device 110-1 and the A-IoT device 110-1 may transmit a D2R signal to the gNB 101-1. In addition, the gNB 101-1 may provide a carrier wave which may be in a downlink spectrum. In case 1-2, the gNB 101-2 may transmit a R2D signal to an A-IoT device 110-2 and the A-IoT device 110-2 may transmit a D2R signal to the gNB 101-2. In addition, the gNB 101-2 may provide a carrier wave which may be in an uplink spectrum. In case 1-4, the gNB 101-3 may transmit a R2D signal to an A-IoT device 110-3 and the A-IoT device 110-3 may transmit a D2R signal to the gNB 101-3. In addition, a CW node 102-1 may provide a carrier wave to the A-IoT device 110-3.
[0077] For topology 2, the following cases for CW transmission are studied.
[0078] ● Case 2-2: CW is transmitted from inside the topology (i.e., intermediate UE) , transmitted in UL spectrum.
[0079] ● Case 2-3: CW is transmitted from outside the topology, transmitted in DL spectrum.
[0080] ● Case 2-4: CW is transmitted from outside the topology, transmitted in UL spectrum.
[0081] FIG. 1F illustrates examples of some cases for topology 2. In topology 2, the ambient device is connected to a gNB via a UE. In case 2-2, the UE 103-1 may transmit a R2D signal to an A-IoT device 110-4 and the A-IoT device 110-4 may transmit a D2R signal to the UE 103-1. In addition, the UE 103-1 may provide a carrier wave which may be in an uplink spectrum. In case 2-3, the UE 103-2 may transmit a R2D signal to an A-IoT device 110-5 and the A-IoT device 110-5 may transmit a D2R signal to the UE 103-2. In addition, a CW node 102-2 may provide a carrier wave which may be in an uplink spectrum. In case 2-4, the UE 103-3 may transmit a R2D signal to an A-IoT device 110-6 and the A-IoT device 110-6 may transmit a D2R signal to the UE 103-3. In addition, a CW node 102-3 may provide a carrier wave which may be in a downlink spectrum.
[0082] In the present disclosure, a term “carrier wave” is used, which can be interchangeably used with any of the following: CW, CW waveform, CW signal, etc., and the present disclosure does not limit for this aspect.
[0083] In the present disclosure, “transmitting a carrier wave” and “starting transmitting a carrier wave” may be used interchangeably in some examples. In the present disclosure, a phrase “stopping transmitting a carrier wave” may be referred to as suspending a transmission of a carrier wave, or suspending a transmission of a carrier wave. In the present disclosure, a phrase “resuming transmitting a carrier wave” may be referred to as restarting a transmission of a carrier wave, or continuing a transmission of a carrier wave.
[0084] FIG. 2 illustrates a signalling chart illustrating communication process 200 in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The process 200 may involve a first device and a second device, where the first device may be a carrier wave node 140 and the second device may be a reader 120 as discussed with reference to FIG. 1A. It would be appreciated that the process 200 may be applied to other communication scenarios, which will not be described in detail.
[0085] In some implementations, the second device 120 may be a network device 120-1, such as a gNB illustrated in FIG. 1A. For example, the first device may be a CW node 102-1 and the second device may be a gNB 101-3 as in Case 1-4 shown in FIG. 1E.
[0086] In the process 200, the second device 120 transmits, and the first device 140 receives, a PDCCH configuration at 210. In some implementations, the PDCCH configuration may be a PDCCH monitoring configuration.
[0087] The first device 140 may be configured with a PDCCH configuration, and the first device 140 may determine, based on the PDCCH configuration, one or more of the following: (a) a DCI format, which may be a DCI format 2-X, where X may be a number, and the DCI format may be a group common DCI; (b) a RNTI value, which is used to scramble the CRC of the PDCCH; and (c) a search space configuration which may indicate time and frequency resource (s) for multiple PDCCH monitoring occasions. For example, the RNTI indicated by the PDCCH configuration may be a CW-RNTI.
[0088] In the process 200, the first device 140 monitors in a search space to receive a first PDCCH which may carry a DCI at 220. In some implementations, the DCI may include an indication (e.g., a CW indication) which may indicate to transmit or not transmit a carrier wave.
[0089] In some example embodiments, the first device 140 may monitor a PDCCH in a search space, for example, the first device 140 may receive a first PDCCH carrying a DCI.
[0090] In some embodiments, the DCI may include one or more information blocks, such as one or more CW information blocks. In some embodiments, each of the one or more CW information blocks may be transmitted to one or more candidate CWNs. In some examples, the first device 140 may determine a target information block from the one or more information block, e.g., based on a preconfigured index of the target information block.
[0091] In some embodiments, an information block, such as the target information block, may include an indication for transmitting or not transmitting the carrier wave. For example, the indication may be a CW indication field which carries at least one information bit, and the at least one information bit may indicate to the first device 140 to transmit the carrier wave or not. In some instances, the indication may equal to a first value indicating to the first device 140 to transmit the carrier wave. In some instances, the indication may equal to a second value indicating to the first device 140 not to transmit the carrier wave. For instance, the first value may be 1 (or 0) and the second value may be 0 (or 1) .
[0092] In some embodiments, an information block, such as the target information block, may include a number of tones used for CW transmission. In some examples, a single-tone CW waveform may be used, and the number of tones may be 1. In some examples, a multi-tone CW waveform may be used, and the number of tones may be larger than 1, such as 2.
[0093] In some embodiments, an information block, such as the target information block, may include a frequency location of CW. In some examples, the frequency location of the CW may be a carrier or cell information for transmitting the CW, e.g., the CW is to be transmitted in the carrier or the cell. In some examples, the frequency location of the CW may be an index of a resource element (RE) or a subcarrier associated with the number of tones. For example, if single-tone CW waveform is used, the index of a RE or a subcarrier may indicate a tone that the CW waveform is transmitted with. For example, if multi-tone CW waveform is used, the index of a RE or a subcarrier may indicate a central frequency of the multi-tone CW waveform or a tone of one of the multi-tone, e.g., a tone with lower / higher frequency in the multi-tone.
[0094] In some embodiments, an information block, such as the target information block, may include transmission power information of the CW. In some examples, the transmission power information may include a transmission power value which is used for transmitting the CW. In some examples, the transmission power information may include an adjusting value (apower adjust value) , which may be used by the first device 140 to adjust its transmission power value. For example, the first device 140 may determine the transmission power value by adjusting a current power value based on the adjusting value.
[0095] In some embodiments, an information block, such as the target information block, may include timing information. In some examples, the timing information may include a duration for transmitting the CW. For example, the duration may be a time duration between a start of the CW transmission and an end of the CW transmission. In some examples, the timing information may include a time length from the end of the first PDCCH to an end of the transmission of the CW.
[0096] In the process 200, the first device 140 determines that the first PDCCH includes an indication for transmitting the CW at 230. For example, the DCI includes an indication for transmitting the CW. For example, the DCI may be used for triggering a transmission of the CW. For example, the indication for transmitting the CW may also be called as CW trigger information.
[0097] In some implementations, the first device 140 may determine to transmit the CW based on the first PDCCH and determine a specific time which is a starting time for the transmission of the CW. For example, the specific time is determined based on a first time offset after an end of the first PDCCH.
[0098] In some embodiments, if the first PDCCH (or the DCI) includes an indication for transmitting the CW and the first device 140 is not transmitting a CW currently or has not started transmitting a CW before receiving the first PDCCH, then the first device 140 may start transmitting the CW. For example, a CW indication included in the DCI equals to a first value, where the first value may be 1 (or 0) .
[0099] In some embodiments, a starting time for transmitting the CW may be the specific time which is determined based on a first time offset after an end of the first PDCCH. In some examples, the first time offset may be determined based on (or equal to) a preparation time for the transmission of the carrier wave, and / or a switching time of carrier or bandwidth part (BWP) . For example, a preparation time may be a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) or physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) preparation, a switching time may be a BWP / carrier switching time. In some examples, the first time offset may be predefined, or may be preconfigured e.g. by a serving gNB (such as the network device 120-1) . In some examples, the first time offset may be a few number of OFDM symbols.
[0100] In some examples, the starting time for transmitting the CW may be the specific time, which is the first time offset after an end of the first PDCCH, or which is a start of the first time after the first time offset. For example, the specific time may be a start of the first OFDM symbol, or the first slot, or the first sub-slot, or the first subframe after the first time offset.
[0101] In the process 200, the first device 140 transmits the CW to an A-IoT device (which is not illustrated in FIG. 2) at 240 starting from the specific time. In some implementations, if the DCI includes an indication for transmitting the carrier wave and the first device 140 is not transmitting a carrier wave or has not started transmitting a carrier wave, the first device 140 may start transmitting the CW from the specific time. In some examples, the CW may be provided to the A-IoT device and is used by the A-IoT device 110 to generate a signal, e.g., a physical device to reader channel (PDRCH) to a reader, where the reader may be the second device 120 or may be a different device, such as the terminal device 120-2 or the network device 120-1 shown in FIG. 1A.
[0102] In some example embodiments, the first device 140 may continue monitoring PDCCH while transmitting the CW.
[0103] In some embodiments, the first device 140 may be capable of transmitting CW and receiving PDCCH simultaneously, e.g., the first device 140 may support a full-duplex capability. In some examples, the first device 140 may keep monitoring PDCCH in a PDCCH monitoring occasion while transmitting the carrier wave. For example, if the first device 140 is transmitting CW before the start of a PDCCH monitoring occasion, there is no need for stopping the CW transmission when it is monitoring PDCCH, that is, the first device 140 should not stop CW transmission when it is monitoring PDCCH. For example, a serving gNB of the first device 140 may preconfigure about whether to stop CW transmission when it is monitoring PDCCH, e.g., by an RRC signaling; accordingly, the first device 140 may stop or not stop CW transmission while monitoring PDCCH based on the pre-configuration.
[0104] In some examples, the first device 140 may not capable of transmitting CW and receiving PDCCH simultaneously, e.g., the first device 140 is working in an unpaired spectrum (i.e., TDD spectrum) , or the first device 140 does not support a full-duplex capability. In some examples, the first device 140 may stop transmitting the carrier wave before a start of a further PDCCH monitoring occasion; and the first device 140 may monitor in the further PDCCH monitoring occasion. If no PDCCH is received in the further PDCCH monitoring occasion or a received PDCCH indicates to transmit a carrier wave, the first device 140 may resume the transmission of the carrier wave.
[0105] For example, if the first device 140 is transmitting CW before the start of a further PDCCH monitoring occasion, the first device 140 should stop the transmission of CW to monitor the PDCCH and resume CW transmission if no PDCCH is received in the further PDCCH monitoring occasion or if a PDCCH is received and the PDCCH indicates to transmit CW (e.g., the CW indication field is equal to a first value) . For instance, the first value is different from the second value, the first value may be 1 (or 0) .
[0106] For example, the first device 140 may stop the CW transmission from a third time offset before the start of the further PDCCH monitoring occasion. For example, the first device 140 may resume the CW transmission from a fourth time offset after the end of a detected PDCCH or after the end of the further PDCCH monitoring occasion (e.g., when no PDCCH is received in the further PDCCH monitoring occasion) . For example, the third time offset and / or the fourth time offset may be configured by the second device 120 (e.g., a serving gNB of the first device 140) . For example, the third time offset and / or the fourth time offset may be determined or be associated with a CW / PUSCH / PSSCH preparation time and / or DL to UL or UL to DL switching time.
[0107] In the process 200, the first device 140 stops transmitting the CW at 250.
[0108] In some example embodiments, the first device 140 may monitor PDCCH to receive a second PDCCH 245 from the second device 120. In some examples, the first device 140 may determine that the second PDCCH 245 (or a further DCI carried by the second PDCCH 245) includes an indication for not transmitting the CW, and in addition, the CW transmission can be stopped. For example, the indication for not transmitting the CW may be referred to as CW stop information.
[0109] In some examples, if the second PDCCH 245 (or the further DCI) includes an indication for not transmitting the carrier wave and the first device 140 is transmitting the carrier wave or has started transmitting the carrier wave before receiving the second PDCCH, the first device 140 may stop the transmission of the carrier wave. For example, the indication for not transmitting the carrier wave may be a CW indication equaling to a second value, where the second value may be 0 (or 1) .
[0110] In some examples, the first device 140 may stop CW transmission immediately after it has decoded the second PDCCH. In some examples, the first device 140 may stop CW transmission from a second time offset after the end of the second PDCCH, where the second time offset may be configured by the second device 120, or may be predefined.
[0111] As such, the first device 140 may still monitor PDCCH after it starts CW transmission, and if a second PDCCH with CW stop information is received, the first device 140 may stop the CW transmission.
[0112] In some example embodiments, the first device 140 may stop the CW transmission based on a time duration or a timer. In some embodiments, a CW timer has been preconfigured by the second device 120 through RRC signalling, or may be indicated in the first PDCCH which includes an indication for transmitting the CW. In some embodiments, a time duration may be preconfigured by the second device 120 through RRC signalling, or may be indicated in the first PDCCH which includes an indication for transmitting the CW. For example, as mentioned above, the first PDCCH may include timing information which may be a duration for transmitting the carrier wave, or a time length from the end of the first PDCCH to an end of the transmission of the carrier wave.
[0113] In some examples, the first device 140 may determine a CW timer. The first device 140 may start / initiate the CW timer from the specific time when it starts the CW transmission; or may start the CW timer after it received the first PDCCH which indicates to start CW transmission. In addition, the first device 140 may stop the CW transmission after the timer is stopped or expired.
[0114] In some examples, the first device 140 may determine a time duration, such as a duration T0 for transmitting the carrier wave, or a time length T0’ from the end of the first PDCCH to an end of the transmission of the carrier wave. In some examples, the first device 140 may stop the CW transmission after T0 since the specific time, or may stop the CW transmission after T0’ since an end time of the first PDCCH.
[0115] In some embodiments, if the first device 140 has already started CW transmission and it receives another PDCCH which comprises a further time duration, the first device 140 may update the duration for the CW transmission or may stop timer of the CW transmission based on the further time duration, or use the further time duration to replace the time duration value received in previous received PDCCH.
[0116] FIG. 3A illustrates an example 310 for a CW transmission in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. As illustrated, the CWN 140 may receive a PDCCH 311 from the gNB 120-1. If the PDCCH 311 includes an indication for transmitting the CW (e.g., CW trigger information) , the CWN 140 may start transmitting CW after a first time offset 313. The gNB 120-1 may transmit PRDCH to the A-IoT device 110, and the A-IoT device 110 may transmit PDRCH to the gNB 120-1, during which the CW is provided to the A-IoT device 110 and is used by the A-IoT device 110 to generate the PDRCH. As illustrated, the CWN 140 may receive a PDCCH 312 from the gNB 120-1. If the PDCCH 312 includes an indication for not transmitting the CW (e.g., CW stop information) , the CWN 140 may stop transmitting CW after a second time offset 314.
[0117] FIG. 3B illustrates an example 320 for a CW transmission in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. As illustrated, the CWN 140 may receive a PDCCH 321 from the gNB 120-1. If the PDCCH 321 includes an indication for transmitting the CW (e.g., CW trigger information) , the CWN 140 may start transmitting CW after a first time offset. The gNB 120-1 may transmit PRDCH to the A-IoT device 110, and the A-IoT device 110 may transmit PDRCH to the gNB 120-1, during which the CW is provided to the A-IoT device 110 and is used by the A-IoT device 110 to generate the PDRCH. As illustrated, the CWN 140 may stop transmitting the CW at an end time.
[0118] For example, a duration for transmitting the CW may be represented as T0. Assuming T1 is the time that the CWN 140 starts CW transmission, then the CWN 140 may stop the CW transmission from time T1+T0.
[0119] For example, a time length from the end of the first PDCCH to an end of the transmission of the carrier wave may be represented as T0’. Assuming T1’ is the end time of the PDCCH 321, then the CWN 140 may stop the CW transmission from time T1’+T0’.
[0120] FIG. 4A illustrates an example 410 for monitoring PDCCH while transmitting CW in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In the example 410, the CWN 140 may support a full-duplex capability. The CWN 140 receives a PDCCH 411 and starts a CW transmission based on the PDCCH 411 including CW trigger information (e.g., CW indication =1) . As illustrated, the CWN 140 does not stop CW transmission when it is monitoring PDCCH. For example, PDCCH 412 is received, and the CW transmission is not stopped in case the PDCCH 412 includes CW trigger information (e.g., CW indication =1) . The CWN 140 further monitor PDCCH and receives PDCCH 413, and the CW transmission is stopped in case the PDCCH 413 includes CW stop information (e.g., CW indication =0) .
[0121] FIG. 4B illustrates an example 420 for monitoring PDCCH while transmitting CW in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In the example 420, the CWN 140 does not support a full-duplex capability. The CWN 140 receives a PDCCH 421 and starts a CW transmission based on the PDCCH 421 including CW trigger information (e.g., CW indication =1) . As illustrated, the CWN 140 may stop CW transmission before when it is monitoring PDCCH. For example, the PDCCH 422 is received, and the CW transmission is resumed in case the PDCCH 422 includes CW trigger information (e.g., CW indication =1) . In addition, the CWN 140 may receive a PDCCH 423, and stops CW transmission based on the PDCCH 423 including CW stop information (e.g., CW indication =0) .
[0122] According some embodiments discussed with reference to FIGS. 2-4B, the transmission of the CW by the first device 140 (i.e. the CWN) can be dynamically controlled by the network (e.g., the gNB 120-1) , the delay will be small, therefore the timing of CW transmission can be well aligned with the PRDCH / PDRCH transmission.
[0123] It is to be noted that although gNB 120-1 is taken as an example of a second device 120 in above embodiments, the second device 120 may be a UE in some other embodiments. In some examples, the second device may be implemented as a terminal device 120-2. For example, the second device 120 may be the UE 103-2 in case 2-3 or the UE 103-3 in case 2-4, and the first device 140 may be the CW node 102-2 in case 2-3 or the CE node 102-3 in case 2-4, as illustrated in FIG. 1F. For example, the PDCCH and DCI in above embodiments can be replaced by physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) / PSSCH and sidelink control information (SCI) if the second device 120 is a terminal device 120-2.
[0124] In some implementations, the first device 140 may receive a timing configuration for a CW transmission from the second device 120. In some example embodiments, the timing configuration may be provided by the second device 120 (e.g., the gNB 120-1) through RRC signalling. In some examples, the timing information for CW transmission may also be referred to as CW information which may include one or more of: a periodicity value, an offset value, or a duration value. For example, the CW information may be generated or determined by the second device 120 based on a transmission pattern of PRDCH / PDRCH.
[0125] In some examples, the CW information may include one or more periodicity values for CW transmission. In some examples, the CW information may include one or more offset values for CW transmission. In some examples, the CW information may include one or more duration values for CW transmission.
[0126] With reference to FIG. 2, the timing configuration may be received by the first device 140 before the PDCCH configuration, after the PDCCH configuration, or together with the PDCCH configuration, the present disclosure does not limit for this aspect.
[0127] In some embodiments, the first device 140 may determine a pattern of CW based on the CW information. In some examples, the first device 140 may determine a starting time of CW transmission based on a periodicity and an offset value, and may determine the transmission duration of the CW based on a duration value.
[0128] In some embodiments, the second device 120 may transmit, and the first device 140 may receive an activation indication, e.g., associated with the timing configuration. In some examples, the activation indication may be carried in a DCI or a MAC CE. In some examples, the first device 140 may start CW transmission based on the activation indication. In some examples, the first device 140 may activate the CW transmission based on the pattern after the reception of the activation indication.
[0129] In some embodiments, the second device 120 may transmit, and the first device 140 may receive a deactivation indication, e.g., associated with the timing configuration. In some examples, the deactivation indication may be carried in a DCI or a MAC CE. In some examples, the first device 140 may stop the CW transmission based on the deactivation indication. In some examples, the first device 140 may deactivate the CW transmission after the reception of the deactivation indication.
[0130] FIG. 5 illustrates an example 500 of CW information in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. As illustrated, the CWN 140 may receive CW information 510 from the gNB 120-1. The CWN 140 may determine a pattern of CW based on the CW information, and may transmit the CW according to the pattern. For example, the CW 522 and CW 524 are transmitted based on the periodicity, offset value, and transmission duration indicated by the CW information 510.
[0131] Accordingly, the transmission of CW may be configured with a semi-persistent pattern; which may be associated with the periodicity of PRDCH / PDRCH transmission pattern. In this event, no dynamic signaling is needed, therefore the signaling overhead can be reduced.
[0132] Reference is further made to FIG. 6, which illustrates a signalling chart illustrating communication process 200 in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The process 200 may involve a first device and a second device, where the first device may be a carrier wave node 140 and the second device may be a reader 120 as discussed with reference to FIG. 1A. It would be appreciated that the process 200 may be applied to other communication scenarios, which will not be described in detail.
[0133] In the process 600, the first device 140 monitors a PRDCH transmission from the second device 120 to the A-IoT device 110 at 610. In some implementations, the first device 140 may have a capability of detecting PRDCH. In some implementations, the first device 140 may receive a first PRDCH which is transmitted from the second device 120 to the A-IoT device 110.
[0134] In the process 600, the first device 140 determines that the first PRDCH includes carrier wave information associated with the first device 140 at 620. In some implementations, the carrier wave information may be preconfigured or be predefined. In some examples, the carrier wave information may include paging information or device information associated with the first device 140. For example, the device information associated with the first device 140 may be an identity of the first device 140, e.g., a CWN identity. For example, the device information associated with the first device 140 may be an identity of one or more A-IoT devices, where the one or more A-IoT devices are served by or connected to the first device 140.
[0135] In the process 600, the first device 140 starts transmitting CW to the A-IoT device 110 at 630, e.g., based on determining that the first PRDCH includes carrier wave information associated with the first device 140. For example, the CW transmission may be started immediately after the first device 140 decodes the first PRDCH. For example, the CW may be transmitted to the A-IoT device and be used by the A-IoT device to generate a signal (e.g., PDRCH) to the second device 120.
[0136] In the process 600, the first device 140 stops transmitting CW at 640. In some example embodiments, the first device 140 may further monitor PRDCH transmitted from the second device 120 to the A-IoT device 110. In some examples, the first device 140 may receive a second PRDCH which is transmitted from the second device 120 to the A-IoT device 110. In some examples, the first device 140 may stop the CW transmission if the second PRDCH includes acknowledgement information which indicates a completion of an A-IoT procedure. For example, the A-IoT procedure may include an inventory and / or command procedure. For example, the CW transmission may be stopped immediately after the first device 140 has decoded the second PRDCH, or from a second time offset after the end of the second PRDCH, where the second time offset may be configured by the second device 120, or may be predefined.
[0137] In some example embodiments, if the first device 140 has not received any PRDCH in a time duration which is equal to or larger than a threshold, the first device 140 may stop the CW transmission after the time duration.
[0138] In some example embodiments, if the first device 140 has not received the second PRDCH and a measurement result of a signal transmitted from the second device 120 (e.g., a preamble of PRDCH or a synchronization / reference signal) is equal to or smaller than a threshold, the first device 140 may stop the CW transmission.
[0139] It should be noted that the second device 120 in the process 600 may be a network device 120-1 or a terminal device 120-2, which is not limit herein.
[0140] FIG. 7 illustrates an example 700 for a CW transmission in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. As illustrated, the gNB 120-1 transmits a PRDCH 712 to the A-IoT device 110, and the CWN 140 can monitor and receive 713 the PRDCH 712 too. If the PRDCH 712 includes carrier wave information associated with the CWN 140, the CWN 140 starts a transmission of CW 722. The gNB 120-1 transmits a PRDCH 714 to the A-IoT device 110, and the CWN 140 can monitor and receive 715 the PRDCH 714. If the PRDCH 714 includes acknowledge information, the CWN 140 stops the transmission of CW 722.
[0141] According to embodiments with reference to FIGS. 6-7, the CW transmission can be started based on a detection of a PRDCH including carrier wave information, therefore, no additionally signaling from gNB to CWN is needed, the overhead and complexity can be reduced.
[0142] Reference is further made to FIG. 8, which illustrates a signalling chart illustrating communication process 200 in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The process 200 may involve a first device and a second device. The first device may be a carrier wave node inside topology and the second device may be a serving gNB of the first device. With reference to FIG. 1A, the first device may be a terminal device 120-2 and the second device may be a network device 120-1. It would be appreciated that the process 200 may be applied to other communication scenarios, which will not be described in detail.
[0143] In some implementations, the first device may be an intermediate node as shown in FIG. 1D. For example, the first device may be the UE 103-1 in case 2-2 as shown in FIG. 1F. For example, the first device may be a reader for the A-IoT device, that is, the first device may transmit PRDCH to the A-IoT device and receives PDRCH from the A-IoT device.
[0144] In the process 800, the second device 120-1 transmits, and the first device 120-2 receives, a first signal at 810. In some implementations, the first signal is used for triggering at least one PRDCH transmission, e.g., from the first device 120-2 to the A-IoT device 110.
[0145] In some embodiments, the first signal may include A-IoT information. In some embodiments, the A-IoT information may include paging information for a query of at least one A-IoT device. In some embodiments, the A-IoT information may include paging information for paging at least one A-IoT device.
[0146] In the process 800, the first device 120-2 starts a transmission of a CW at 820 based on the first signal, if the first device 120-2 is not transmitting a carrier wave or has not started transmitting a carrier wave. In some implementations, the first device 120-2 may determine a first PRDCH transmission based on the A-IoT information, and may start the CW transmission from a first offset before a start of the transmission of the first PRDCH. For example, the first offset is predefined or is preconfigured by the second device 120-1, or is associated with an A-IoT capability. For example, the A-IoT capability may be related to energy harvesting duration and / or PRDCH processing delay.
[0147] In the process 800, the first device 120-2 stops transmitting the CW at 830. In some implementations, the first device 120-2 may stop the CW transmission from a second offset after the end of a second PRDCH transmission. For example, the second PRDCH transmission may comprise acknowledge information which indicates a completion of an A-IoT procedure, e.g., a paging / query / inventory / command procedure. For example, the second offset is predefined or is preconfigured by the second device 120-1, or is associated with an A-IoT capability. For example, the A-IoT capability may be related to energy harvesting duration and / or PRDCH processing delay.
[0148] FIG. 9 illustrates an example 900 for a CW transmission in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. As illustrated, the gNB 120-1 transmits A-IoT information 910 to the intermediate UE 120-2, and the intermediate UE 120-2 may start a CW transmission 920, e.g., at a time T01 before a transmission of a PRDCH. In addition, the intermediate UE 120-2 may stop the CW transmission, e.g., at a time T02 after a last transmission of PRDCH.
[0149] According to embodiments with reference to FIGS. 8-9, the intermediate UE may determine the CW transmission timing based on the PRDCH / PDRCH transmission, therefore, no additionally signaling is needed, the overhead and complexity can be reduced.
[0150] In should be noted that some example embodiments above may be combined into some other embodiments. In some examples, the first time offset discussed in the process 200 may be used in the process 600 or 800, and the present disclosure does not limit for this aspect.
[0151] FIG. 10 illustrates a flowchart of an example method 1000 implemented at a first device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the first device which may perform the method 1000 can be the first device (e.g., CWN) discussed above, e.g., the CWN 140 in FIG. 1A.
[0152] At block 1010, the first device receives, from a second device, a PDCCH configuration. At block 1020, the first device monitors, based on the PDCCH monitoring configuration, in a search space to receive a first PDCCH carrying a DCI triggering a transmission of a carrier wave. At block 1030, in accordance with a determination that the DCI comprises an indication for transmitting the carrier wave and the first device is not or has not started transmitting the carrier wave, the first device starts transmitting the carrier wave to an A-IoT device from a specific time, wherein the specific time is determined based on a first time offset after an end of the first PDCCH, and wherein the carrier wave is used for the A-IoT device to generate a signal to be transmitted to the second device or a further device.
[0153] It should be noted that the method 1000 may include various other operations which may be performed by the first device 140 as described above with reference to FIGS. 2-5.
[0154] FIG. 11 illustrates a flowchart of an example method 1100 implemented at a first device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the first device which may perform the method 1100 can be the first device (e.g., CWN) discussed above, e.g., the CWN 140 in FIG. 1A.
[0155] At block 1110, the first device monitors a first PRDCH which is transmitted from a second device to an A-IoT device. At block 1120, in accordance with a determination that the first PRDCH is received and the first PRDCH comprises carrier wave information which is associated with the first device, the first device starts transmitting a carrier wave to the A-IoT device, wherein the carrier wave is used for the A-IoT device to generate a signal to be transmitted to the second device.
[0156] It should be noted that the method 1100 may include various other operations which may be performed by the first device 140 as described above with reference to FIGS. 6-7.
[0157] FIG. 12 illustrates a flowchart of an example method 1200 implemented at a first device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the first device which may perform the method 1200 can be the first device (e.g., CWN) discussed above, e.g., the terminal device 120-2 in FIG. 1A.
[0158] At block 1210, the first device receives, from a second device, a first signal triggering a transmission of a PRDCH. At block 1220, the first device performs, based on the first signal, a transmission to at least one A-IoT device of: a first PRDCH, and a carrier wave from a first offset before a start of the first PRDCH. At block 1230, the first device stops a transmission of the carrier wave from a second offset after an end of a second PRDCH, wherein the second PRDCH comprises acknowledgement information which indicates a completion of an A-IoT procedure.
[0159] It should be noted that the method 1200 may include various other operations which may be performed by the first device 120-2 as described above with reference to FIGS. 8-9.
[0160] Details of some embodiments according to the present disclosure have been described with reference to FIGS. 2-12. Now an example implementation of the first device or the second device will be discussed below.
[0161] In some example embodiments, a first device (a CWN) comprises circuitry configured to: receive, from a second device, a PDCCH monitoring configuration; and monitor, based on the PDCCH monitoring configuration, in a search space to receive a first PDCCH carrying a DCI triggering a transmission of a carrier wave; and in accordance with a determination that the DCI comprises an indication for transmitting the carrier wave and the first device is not or has not started transmitting the carrier wave, start transmitting the carrier wave to an A-IoT device from a specific time, wherein the specific time is determined based on a first time offset after an end of the first PDCCH, and wherein the carrier wave is used for the A-IoT device to generate a signal to be transmitted to the second device or a further device. It should be noted that the first device comprises circuitry configured to perform various other operations as described above with reference to FIGS. 2-5.
[0162] In some example embodiments, a first device (a CWN) comprises circuitry configured to: monitor a first PRDCH which is transmitted from a second device to an A-IoT device; and in accordance with a determination that the first PRDCH is received and the first PRDCH comprises carrier wave information which is associated with the first device, start transmitting a carrier wave to the A-IoT device, wherein the carrier wave is used for the A-IoT device to generate a signal to be transmitted to the second device. It should be noted that the first device comprises circuitry configured to perform various other operations as described above with reference to FIGS. 6-7.
[0163] In some example embodiments, a first device (a CWN) comprises circuitry configured to: receive, from a second device, a first signal triggering a transmission of a PRDCH; perform, based on the first signal, a transmission to at least one A-IoT device of: a first PRDCH, and a carrier wave from a first offset before a start of the first PRDCH; and stop a transmission of the carrier wave from a second offset after an end of a second PRDCH, wherein the second PRDCH comprises acknowledgement information which indicates a completion of an A-IoT procedure. It should be noted that the first device comprises circuitry configured to perform various other operations as described above with reference to FIGS. 8-9.
[0164] FIG. 13 illustrates a simplified block diagram of a device 1300 that is suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 1300 can be considered as a further example implementation of the first device (e.g. CWN) as described above. Accordingly, the device 1300 can be implemented at or as at least a part of the CWN.
[0165] As shown, the device 1300 includes a processor 1310, a memory 1320 coupled to the processor 1310, a suitable transceiver 1340 coupled to the processor 1310, and a communication interface coupled to the transceiver 1340. The memory 1320 stores at least a part of a program 1330. The transceiver 1340 may be for bidirectional communications or a unidirectional communication based on requirements. The transceiver 1340 may include at least one of a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter and the receiver may be functional modules or physical entities. The transceiver1340 has at least one antenna to facilitate communication, though in practice an Access Node mentioned in this application may have several ones. The communication interface may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network elements, such as X2 / Xn interface for bidirectional communications between eNBs / gNBs, S1 / NG interface for communication between a Mobility Management Entity (MME) / Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) / SGW / UPF and the eNB / gNB, Un interface for communication between the eNB / gNB and a relay node (RN) , or Uu interface for communication between the eNB / gNB and a terminal device.
[0166] The program 1330 is assumed to include program instructions that, when executed by the associated processor 1310, enable the device 1300 to operate in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, as discussed herein with reference to FIGS. 2-12. The embodiments herein may be implemented by computer software executable by the processor 1310 of the device 1300, or by hardware, or by a combination of software and hardware. The processor 1310 may be configured to implement various embodiments of the present disclosure. Furthermore, a combination of the processor 1310 and memory 1320 may form processing means 1350 adapted to implement various embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0167] The memory 1320 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network and may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, semiconductor-based memory devices, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory and removable memory, as non-limiting examples. While only one memory 1320 is shown in the device 1300, there may be several physically distinct memory modules in the device 1300. The processor 1310 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network, and may include one or more of general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. The device 1300 may have multiple processors, such as an application specific integrated circuit chip that is slaved in time to a clock which synchronizes the main processor.
[0168] In summary, embodiments of the present disclosure may provide the following solutions.
[0169] The present disclosure provides a first device, comprising at least one processor configured to cause the first device at least to: receive, from a second device, a PDCCH monitoring configuration; and monitor, based on the PDCCH monitoring configuration, in a search space to receive a first PDCCH carrying a DCI triggering a transmission of a carrier wave; and in accordance with a determination that the DCI comprises an indication for transmitting the carrier wave and the first device is not or has not started transmitting the carrier wave, start transmitting the carrier wave to an A-IoT device from a specific time, wherein the specific time is determined based on a first time offset after an end of the first PDCCH, and wherein the carrier wave is used for the A-IoT device to generate a signal to be transmitted to the second device or a further device.
[0170] In one embodiment, the first device as above, the first time offset is determined based on at least one of: a preparation time for the transmission of the carrier wave, or a switching time of carrier or BWP.
[0171] In one embodiment, the first device as above, the first time offset is predefined or is configured by a network device.
[0172] In one embodiment, the first device as above, the specific time is a start of a first time unit after the first time offset, wherein the first time unit is at least one of: a first OFDM symbol, a first slot, or a first subframe.
[0173] In one embodiment, the first device as above, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the first device to: receive, from the second device, a second PDCCH carrying a further DCI; and in accordance with a determination that the further DCI comprises an indication for not transmitting the carrier wave and the first device is transmitting the carrier wave or has started transmitting the carrier wave, stop the transmission of the carrier wave.
[0174] In one embodiment, the first device as above, the transmission of the carrier wave is stopped upon a decode of the second PDCCH, or from a second time offset after an end of the second PDCCH.
[0175] In one embodiment, the first device as above, the second time offset is predefined or is configured by a network device.
[0176] In one embodiment, the first device as above, the DCI comprises one or more information blocks, and wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the first device to: determine, from the one or more information blocks, a target information block based on a preconfigured index, wherein the target information block comprises at least one of: an indication for transmitting the carrier wave, an indication for not transmitting the carrier wave, a frequency location of the carrier wave, a number of tones for the transmission of the carrier wave, transmission power information of the carrier wave, or timing information of the carrier wave.
[0177] In one embodiment, the first device as above, the frequency location of the carrier wave comprises at least one of: a carrier for transmitting the carrier wave, a cell for transmitting the carrier wave, or an index of a RE or a subcarrier associated with the number of tones.
[0178] In one embodiment, the first device as above, the transmission power information comprises at least one of: a transmission power value for transmitting the carrier wave, or an adjusting value for determining the transmission power value.
[0179] In one embodiment, the first device as above, the timing information comprises at least one of: a duration for transmitting the carrier wave, or a time length from the end of the first PDCCH to an end of the transmission of the carrier wave.
[0180] In one embodiment, the first device as above, the PDCCH monitoring configuration comprises at least one of: a DCI format, a RNTI value which is used to scramble a CRC of the PDCCH, or a search space configuration.
[0181] In one embodiment, the first device as above, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the first device to: keep monitoring PDCCH in a PDCCH monitoring occasion while transmitting the carrier wave.
[0182] In one embodiment, the first device as above, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the first device to: stop transmitting the carrier wave before a start of a further PDCCH monitoring occasion; monitor in the further PDCCH monitoring occasion; and in accordance with a determination that no PDCCH is received in the further PDCCH monitoring occasion or a received PDCCH indicates to transmit the carrier wave, resume the transmission of the carrier wave.
[0183] In one embodiment, the first device as above, the transmission of the carrier wave is stopped from a third time offset before the start of the further PDCCH monitoring occasion.
[0184] In one embodiment, the first device as above, the transmission of the carrier wave is resumed from a fourth time offset after an end of the further PDCCH monitoring occasion or an end of the received PDCCH.
[0185] In one embodiment, the first device as above, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the first device to: stop transmitting the carrier wave based on timing information which comprises at least one of: a duration for transmitting the carrier wave, or a time length from the end of the first PDCCH to an end of the transmission of the carrier wave.
[0186] In one embodiment, the first device as above, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the first device to: initiate a timer at the specific time or at the end of the first PDCCH.
[0187] In one embodiment, the first device as above, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the first device to: receive, from the second device, a timing configuration for the transmission of the carrier wave, wherein the timing configuration comprises at least one of: a periodicity value, an offset value, or a duration value; and wherein the first PDCCH comprises an activation indication for activating the timing configuration.
[0188] In one embodiment, the first device as above, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the first device to: receive, from the second device, a second PDCCH comprising a deactivation indication for deactivating the timing configuration; and stop transmitting the carrier wave based on the second message.
[0189] The present disclosure provides a first device, comprising at least one processor configured to cause the first device at least to: monitor a first PRDCH which is transmitted from a second device to an A-IoT device; and in accordance with a determination that the first PRDCH is received and the first PRDCH comprises carrier wave information which is associated with the first device, start transmitting a carrier wave to the A-IoT device, wherein the carrier wave is used for the A-IoT device to generate a signal to be transmitted to the second device.
[0190] In one embodiment, the first device as above, the carrier wave information comprises at least one of: paging information, device information, or a device identity.
[0191] In one embodiment, the first device as above, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the first device to: stop transmitting the carrier wave based on at least one of: a reception of a second PRDCH comprising acknowledgement information which indicates a completion of an A-IoT procedure, a time duration from the specific time or the end of the first message reaches a first threshold, or a measurement result of a signal transmitted from the second device is smaller than or not larger than a second threshold.
[0192] The present disclosure provides a first device, comprising at least one processor configured to cause the first device at least to: receive, from a second device, a first signal triggering a transmission of a PRDCH; perform, based on the first signal, a transmission to at least one A-IoT device of: a first PRDCH, and a carrier wave from a first offset before a start of the first PRDCH; and stop a transmission of the carrier wave from a second offset after an end of a second PRDCH, wherein the second PRDCH comprises acknowledgement information which indicates a completion of an A-IoT procedure.
[0193] In one embodiment, the first device as above, the first signal comprises paging information for a query of at least one A-IoT device or for paging the at least one A-IoT device.
[0194] In one embodiment, the first device as above, at least one of the first offset and the second offset is: predefined, configured by the second device, or associated with an A-IoT capability.
[0195] In one embodiment, the first device as above, the first device is a reader for the at least one A-IoT device, and the second device is a network device.
[0196] The present disclosure provides a method of communication, comprising the operations implemented at the first device (i.e., CWN) discussed above.
[0197] The present disclosure provides a first device, comprising: a processor; and a memory storing computer program codes; the memory and the computer program codes configured to, with the processor, cause the first device to perform the method implemented at the first device discussed above.
[0198] The present disclosure provides a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed by a processor of an apparatus, causing the apparatus to perform the method implemented at a first device discussed above.
[0199] Generally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device. While various aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other pictorial representation, it will be appreciated that the blocks, apparatus, systems, techniques or methods described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
[0200] The present disclosure also provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as those included in program modules, being executed in a device on a target real or virtual processor, to carry out the process or method as described above. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, or the like that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The functionality of the program modules may be combined or split between program modules as desired in various embodiments. Machine-executable instructions for program modules may be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.
[0201] Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program codes, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may execute entirely on a machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
[0202] The above program code may be embodied on a machine readable medium, which may be any tangible medium that may contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The machine readable medium may be a machine readable signal medium or a machine readable storage medium. A machine readable medium may include but not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the machine readable storage medium would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) , an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) , an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
[0203] Further, while operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, while several specific implementation details are contained in the above discussions, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination.
[0204] Although the present disclosure has been described in language specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the present disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.
Claims
1.A first device comprising at least one processor configured to cause the first device to:receive, from a second device, a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) monitoring configuration; andmonitor, based on the PDCCH monitoring configuration, in a search space to receive a first PDCCH carrying downlink control information (DCI) triggering a transmission of a carrier wave; andin accordance with a determination that the DCI comprises an indication for transmitting the carrier wave and the first device is not or has not started transmitting the carrier wave, start transmitting the carrier wave to an ambient internet of things (A-IoT) device from a specific time, wherein the specific time is determined based on a first time offset after an end of the first PDCCH, and wherein the carrier wave is used for the A-IoT device to generate a signal to be transmitted to the second device or a further device.2.The first device of claim 1, wherein the first time offset is determined based on at least one of:a preparation time for the transmission of the carrier wave, ora switching time of carrier or bandwidth part (BWP) .3.The first device of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the first device to:receive, from the second device, a second PDCCH carrying a further DCI; andin accordance with a determination that the further DCI comprises an indication for not transmitting the carrier wave and the first device is transmitting the carrier wave or has started transmitting the carrier wave, stop the transmission of the carrier wave.4.The first device of claim 3, wherein the transmission of the carrier wave is stopped upon a decode of the second PDCCH, or from a second time offset after an end of the second PDCCH.5.The first device of claim 1, wherein the DCI comprises one or more information blocks, and wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the first device to:determine, from the one or more information blocks, a target information block based on a preconfigured index, wherein the target information block comprises at least one of:an indication for transmitting the carrier wave,an indication for not transmitting the carrier wave,a frequency location of the carrier wave,a number of tones for the transmission of the carrier wave,transmission power information of the carrier wave, ortiming information of the carrier wave.6.The first device of claim 5, wherein the frequency location of the carrier wave comprises at least one of:a carrier for transmitting the carrier wave,a cell for transmitting the carrier wave, oran index of a resource element (RE) or a subcarrier associated with the number of tones.7.The first device of claim 5, wherein the transmission power information comprises at least one of:a transmission power value for transmitting the carrier wave, oran adjusting value for determining the transmission power value.8.The first device of claim 5, wherein the timing information comprises at least one of:a duration for transmitting the carrier wave, ora time length from the end of the first PDCCH to an end of the transmission of the carrier wave.9.The first device of claim 1, wherein the PDCCH monitoring configuration comprises at least one of:a DCI format,a radio network temporary identity (RNTI) value which is used to scramble a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) of the PDCCH, ora search space configuration.10.The first device of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the first device to:keep monitoring PDCCH in a PDCCH monitoring occasion while transmitting the carrier wave.11.The first device of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the first device to:stop transmitting the carrier wave before a start of a further PDCCH monitoring occasion;monitor in the further PDCCH monitoring occasion; andin accordance with a determination that no PDCCH is received in the further PDCCH monitoring occasion or a received PDCCH indicates to transmit the carrier wave, resume the transmission of the carrier wave.12.The first device of claim 11, wherein the transmission of the carrier wave is stopped from a third time offset before the start of the further PDCCH monitoring occasion.13.The first device of claim 11, wherein the transmission of the carrier wave is resumed from a fourth time offset after an end of the further PDCCH monitoring occasion or an end of the received PDCCH.14.The first device of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the first device to:stop transmitting the carrier wave based on timing information which comprises at least one of:a duration for transmitting the carrier wave, ora time length from the end of the first PDCCH to an end of the transmission of the carrier wave.15.The first device of claim 14, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the first device to:initiate a timer at the specific time or at the end of the first PDCCH.16.The first device of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the first device to:receive, from the second device, a timing configuration for the transmission of the carrier wave, wherein the timing configuration comprises at least one of: a periodicity value, an offset value, or a duration value; andwherein the first PDCCH comprises an activation indication for activating the timing configuration.17.The first device of claim 16, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the first device to:receive, from the second device, a second PDCCH comprising a deactivation indication for deactivating the timing configuration; andstop transmitting the carrier wave based on the second message.18.A first device comprising at least one processor configured to cause the first device to:monitor a first physical reader to device channel (PRDCH) which is transmitted from a second device to an ambient internet of things (A-IoT) device; andin accordance with a determination that the first PRDCH is received and the first PRDCH comprises carrier wave information which is associated with the first device, start transmitting a carrier wave to the A-IoT device, wherein the carrier wave is used for the A-IoT device to generate a signal to be transmitted to the second device.19.The first device of claim 18, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the first device to:stop transmitting the carrier wave based on at least one of:a reception of a second PRDCH comprising acknowledgement information which indicates a completion of an A-IoT procedure,a time duration from the specific time or the end of the first message reaches a first threshold, ora measurement result of a signal transmitted from the second device is smaller than or not larger than a second threshold.20.A first device comprising at least one processor configured to cause the first device to:receive, from a second device, a first signal triggering a transmission of a physical reader to device channel (PRDCH) ;perform, based on the first signal, a transmission to at least one ambient internet of things (A-IoT) device of:a first PRDCH, anda carrier wave from a first offset before a start of the first PRDCH; andstop a transmission of the carrier wave from a second offset after an end of a second PRDCH, wherein the second PRDCH comprises acknowledgement information which indicates a completion of an A-IoT procedure.
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