Composite pane with photovoltaic component and color compensation layer

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite pane (1) for separating an interior (INT) from an exterior (AMB), at least comprising, in the following order, an outer pane (2) having an exterior-side surface (I) and an interior-side surface (II), a first connecting layer (4), at least one photovoltaic component (6), which has at least one colored semitransparent photovoltaic cell (7), a second connecting layer (5), and an inner pane (3) having an exterior-side surface (III) and an interior-side surface (IV). A color compensation layer (8) is formed on the interior-side relative to the at least one photovoltaic component (6), and at least in the regions of the composite pane (1) in which the at least one colored semitransparent photovoltaic cell (7) is provided in a view through the composite pane (1), the transmission through the composite pane (1) from the exterior (AMB) into the interior (INT) deviates from the mean value by a maximum of 5% points in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 780 nm.

Description

[0001] SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294-WO-PCT

[0002] Composite pane with photovoltaic component and color compensation layer

[0003] The invention relates to a composite disc with a photovoltaic component and a color compensation layer, as well as the use of such a composite disc.

[0004] Laminated glass is used in many places today, especially in vehicle manufacturing. The term "vehicle" includes, among other things, road vehicles, aircraft, ships, agricultural machinery, and construction equipment.

[0005] Laminated glass is also used in other areas, such as building glazing.

[0006] It is generally known that glazing in the automotive sector can be equipped with photovoltaic components, particularly as a vehicle roof window. These photovoltaic components can be used, for example, to charge the vehicle's battery or to power electrical consumers. This is gaining increasing importance, especially in connection with electric vehicles. EP1036683A2 discloses a vehicle roof window designed as a single pane of glass and equipped with a solar cell array on the interior side.

[0007] Vehicle roof windows are frequently designed as laminated windows, comprising an outer pane and an inner pane bonded together via a thermoplastic interlayer. In such laminated windows, photovoltaic components can be embedded in the interlayer, as is known, for example, from WOOO / 61366A1, W02012 / 054088A2, WO2013 / 182398A1 and WO2013 / 182399A1.

[0008] The photovoltaic cells contained in photovoltaic components are usually completely opaque so that virtually all light striking the cell is absorbed. The energy generated by the photovoltaic cells is also maximized by maximizing light absorption. However, in some applications, it is desirable to use the photovoltaic components in an arrangement that allows some light to pass through them, such as in vehicle roof panels or canopies. SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294- WO-PCT

[0009] A certain degree of light transmission can be achieved by spacing the photovoltaic cells of the photovoltaic component in such a way that light passes between the individual cells, thus achieving a certain average light transmission. Alternatively, part of the opaque absorber layer can be removed, for example by laser scribing or chemical etching, to achieve a certain degree of light transmission. However, this always leads to spatially uneven light transmission, which is often undesirable. Thin-film solar cells are known that enable partial light transmission without such spacing between the photovoltaic cells or selective removal of the cells.Examples include organic photovoltaic cells, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) or thin-film solar cells based on ultrathin layers of cadmium sulfide (CdS) and cadmium telluride (CdTe) or their alloys with other elements of groups II and VI.

[0010] In WO2018 / 132491 A1, a power-generating window is disclosed, comprising a first glass pane, a second glass pane, and a photovoltaic device formed on an inner surface of the first glass pane or an inner surface of the second glass pane. The photovoltaic device comprises a first transparent electrode layer, a second transparent electrode layer, and one or more active layers configured to transmit visible light and absorb ultraviolet or near-infrared light.

[0011] US2020 / 0411705A1 discloses a transparent solar cell comprising a first transparent electrode, a second transparent electrode, a light absorption layer, a first color implementation layer and a second implementation layer, wherein the first color implementation layer and the second implementation layer each comprise an insulating layer and a conductive layer.

[0012] WO2021 / 034714A1 discloses a color-neutral, transparent photovoltaic device comprising a transparent substrate and a first transparent electrode coupled to the transparent substrate. The device also includes a second transparent electrode and a transparent photoactive layer between the first and second transparent electrodes. The transparent photoactive layer is configured to convert at least NIR or UV light into electricity and features an absorption spectrum with a peak in the NIR or UV spectrum. SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294-WO-PCT

[0013] The device also comprises an absorbing material characterized by a second absorption spectrum with a second peak in the visible spectrum, wherein the second absorption spectrum is complementary to the absorption spectrum.

[0014] US2014 / 0360576A1 discloses a color control element for controlling the color of the light transmitted and reflected by a semi-transparent photovoltaic cell and / or a photovoltaic module for use with a photovoltaic window, and methods for its manufacture.

[0015] The object of the present invention is to provide an improved composite disc with a photovoltaic component comprising at least one colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell.

[0016] These and other problems are solved according to the invention by a composite disk and the use of a composite disk as defined in the independent claims. Preferred embodiments are described in the dependent claims.

[0017] The invention relates to a composite panel for separating an interior space from an exterior space. The exterior space can also be referred to as the external environment. The composite panel is particularly intended for installation in an opening of a vehicle or a building.

[0018] The composite disc according to the invention comprises an outer disc, a first bonding layer, at least one photovoltaic component, a second bonding layer and an inner disc.

[0019] The outer pane and the inner pane each have an outer and an inner surface, and a circumferential side edge running between them. For the purposes of the invention, the outer surface is defined as the main surface intended to face the external environment when installed. The inner surface is defined as the main surface intended to face the interior when installed. The inner surface of the outer pane and the outer surface of the inner pane face each other in the laminated pane. The laminated pane SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294-WO-PCT also has an outer surface and an inner surface, and a circumferential side edge running between them.

[0020] The outer surface of the outer pane is designated as Side I. The inner surface of the outer pane is designated as Side II. The outer surface of the inner pane is designated as Side III. The inner surface of the inner pane is designated as Side IV.

[0021] The outer pane is preferably a clear, colorless pane, meaning the outer pane is not tinted or colored.

[0022] The at least one photovoltaic component has at least one colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell and is arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane.

[0023] The first bonding layer is arranged between the at least one photovoltaic component and the outer pane, and the second bonding layer is arranged between the at least one photovoltaic component and the inner pane. Both the first and second bonding layers are arranged across the entire surface of the composite pane.

[0024] The first bonding layer is preferably clear and colorless, meaning the first bonding layer is not tinted or colored.

[0025] According to the invention, a color compensation layer is formed on the interior side facing the at least one photovoltaic component. Thus, when looking through the laminated glass from the outside into the interior, the color compensation layer is located behind the at least one photovoltaic component. This means that the distance between the color compensation layer and the interior is less than the distance between the at least one photovoltaic component and the interior.

[0026] According to the invention, the maximum deviation of the transmission through the composite pane from the outside to the inside in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 780 nm is 5 percentage points, at least in areas of the composite pane where the at least one colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294-WO-PCT is arranged when viewed through the composite pane. That is to say, at least in areas of the composite pane where the at least one colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell is arranged when viewed from the outside to the inside, the transmission through the composite pane from the outside to the inside in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 780 nm deviates by no more than 5 percentage points from the mean value of the transmission through the composite pane from the outside to the inside in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 780 nm.At least in areas of the composite pane where at least one colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell is arranged in the view through the composite pane, an observer looking at the composite pane from the interior thus gets an essentially neutral color impression.

[0027] It is understood that when referring to a region of the composite panel in which a colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell is arranged when viewed from the outside in, this refers not only to the colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell itself, but to a section of the composite panel in which the colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell is located when viewed through the composite panel. Such a region of the composite panel thus includes not only the colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell but also sections of other components of the composite panel in the area under consideration, such as sections of the outer panel, the first bonding layer, the second bonding layer, and the inner panel.

[0028] The wavelength range from 400 nm to 780 nm is also known as visible light.

[0029] According to the invention, a composite pane for separating an interior from an exterior space comprises at least the following in the following order: an outer pane with an exterior surface and an interior surface, a first bonding layer, at least one photovoltaic component comprising at least one colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell, a second bonding layer, and an inner pane with an exterior surface and an interior surface, wherein a color compensation layer is formed on the interior side facing the at least one photovoltaic component (SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294- WO- PCT), and at least in areas of the composite pane where the at least one colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell is arranged in view through the composite pane.The maximum deviation of the transmission through the composite pane from the outside to the inside in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 780 nm is 5 percentage points from the mean value.

[0030] Between the outer and inner panes, at least one photovoltaic component is arranged as described above. For the purposes of this invention, a "photovoltaic component" is a single or multi-part electrical component for generating electrical energy or current by means of the photovoltaic effect. The photovoltaic component is handled as a single component and preferably has only two electrical connections (two electrical poles, i.e., "positive and negative poles") through which the component as a whole is electrically connected. The photovoltaic component can also be referred to as a "photovoltaic element" or "solar element." If the composite pane has a plurality of photovoltaic components, all photovoltaic components are preferably arranged in the same plane or position within the composite pane. All photovoltaic components then have (at least approximately) the same distance to the outer pane.towards the inner pane.

[0031] The at least one photovoltaic component comprises at least one colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell. The at least one photovoltaic component can be or comprise a single colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell, or a photovoltaic module with a plurality of interconnected colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells. A "photovoltaic cell" within the meaning of the invention is the smallest possible photovoltaic unit and is not structurally subdivided. The at least one photovoltaic component, more precisely its colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells, is capable of directly converting sunlight into electrical energy. Within the scope of the present invention, in principle all types of colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells, e.g., mono- or bifacial cells, can be used. There are no restrictions to specific colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells.

[0032] The at least one photovoltaic cell is semi-transparent, meaning it has a light transmittance (TL) according to ISO 9050:2003 (determined using light type A and / or light type D65) for visible light of more than 10% and a maximum of 90%, so that a portion of the light incident on the photovoltaic cell passes through it. Furthermore, the at least one photovoltaic cell is colored, meaning it has a reflectance for visible light of more than 10% within a wavelength range, so that a portion of the light incident on the photovoltaic cell is reflected, giving it a colored appearance to an observer. Additionally, a certain proportion of the light is absorbed by the photovoltaic component to convert the energy contained in the absorbed light into electrical energy. The term "light" or "visible light" refers to the visible spectral range from 400 nm to 780 nm.

[0033] Light incident on the photovoltaic component from the outside, more precisely on the at least one colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell of the photovoltaic component, can be partially absorbed and converted into electrical energy. However, some of the incident light passes through the photovoltaic component. Another portion of the incident light is reflected by the at least one colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell of the photovoltaic component, causing the cell to appear colored to an observer looking at it from the outside.

[0034] Because a portion of the visible light incident on the colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell is reflected by the photovoltaic cell, the area of ​​the composite pane in which the colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell is arranged appears colored to an observer from the outside. When a composite pane according to the invention is installed in the window opening of a vehicle, the colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell can be selected such that its color is matched to the color of the vehicle body. This is one of the advantages of composite panes according to the invention.

[0035] "Colored" means visible light with dominant and / or missing wavelength or spectral ranges, e.g. a red tint due to a dominant spectral component in the wavelength range between 620 nm and 780 nm.

[0036] The color compensation layer, as defined in the invention, is a layer or coating suitable for selectively adjusting the transmission of light through the composite pane from the exterior to the interior in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 780 nm, at least in areas of the composite pane where at least one colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell is arranged in the view through the composite pane, such that the maximum deviation of the transmission from the mean value is a maximum of 5 percentage points. SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294- WO-PCT

[0037] The transmission spectrum for visible light through the composite pane is therefore flat, and for an observer looking at the composite pane from the interior, a neutral color impression results, at least in areas of the composite pane where the at least one colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell is arranged in the view through the composite pane. This is a further advantage of composite panes according to the invention.

[0038] The present invention thus advantageously demonstrates a new way in which the optical properties of a laminated glass pane with at least one photovoltaic component can be selectively adjusted in a predetermined manner by using at least one colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell and a color-correcting layer, the photovoltaic component comprising at least one such cell. The at least one colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell selectively adjusts the optical properties of the laminated glass pane when viewed from the outside environment. The color-correcting layer selectively adjusts the optical properties of the laminated glass pane when viewed from the inside environment.

[0039] The color compensation layer contains, in particular, at least one additive by which the transmission of visible light through the color compensation layer can be specifically adjusted.

[0040] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the composite disc according to the invention, the color compensation layer comprises dyes, pigments and / or nanoparticles.

[0041] A wide variety of suitable dyes, pigments, and nanoparticles are known to those skilled in the art, so further discussion is unnecessary here. The transmission properties of the color-compensating layer can be adjusted as desired using dyes, pigments, and nanoparticles.

[0042] Pigments suitable for the selective absorption of light in a specific wavelength range are described, for example, in EP3412723A1.

[0043] Nanoparticles suitable for the selective absorption of light in a specific wavelength range are disclosed, for example, in W02019 / 008374A1. These nanoparticles include, for example, so-called quantum dots. SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294- WO- PCT

[0044] Those skilled in the art know which dyes, pigments and / or nanoparticles are suitable for the selective absorption, reflection and transmission of light in specific wavelength ranges and in what concentration they must be used to achieve a desired transmission spectrum.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, the second bonding layer is designed as a color-compensating layer. Consequently, in this embodiment, the composite disc according to the invention does not have an additional layer as a color-compensating layer; instead, the second bonding layer is designed as the color-compensating layer. The second bonding layer designed as a color-compensating layer can, in particular, be based on a thermoplastic material or on an optically clear adhesive.

[0046] In an alternative preferred embodiment, the color-compensating layer is formed in the form of at least one intermediate layer arranged between the at least one photovoltaic component and the second bonding layer or between the second bonding layer and the inner pane. The intermediate layer designed as a color-compensating layer can, in particular, be based on a thermoplastic material or on an optically clear adhesive. The intermediate layer designed as a color-compensating layer is, in particular, arranged across the entire surface of the composite pane. Alternatively, the intermediate layer designed as a color-compensating layer can be arranged only in areas where, when looking through the composite pane, the at least one colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell is located.The intermediate layer designed as a color-compensating layer is therefore, in this embodiment, configured as a single section when the composite disc has exactly one colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell, and as multiple sections when the composite disc has several colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells. Preferably, in this embodiment, the section or sections of the intermediate layer designed as a color-compensating layer are surrounded by a further frame-like intermediate layer arranged in the same plane. The further frame-like intermediate layer is, in particular, color-neutral and designed to match the overall transmission through the combination of the colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell and the color-compensating layer.In this way, the maximum deviation of the transmission through the laminated glass from the outside to the inside in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 780 nm is 5 percentage points, even in areas of the laminated glass where the frame-like additional interlayer is arranged when looking through the laminated glass (SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294-WO-PCT). This means that even in areas of the laminated glass where the frame-like additional interlayer is arranged when looking through the laminated glass from the outside to the inside, the transmission through the laminated glass from the outside to the inside in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 780 nm does not deviate by more than 5 percentage points from the mean value of the transmission through the laminated glass from the outside to the inside in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 780 nm.Thus, in this embodiment, even in areas of the composite pane where the frame-like intermediate layer is arranged when viewed through the composite pane, an observer looking at the composite pane from the interior will perceive a substantially neutral color impression. It is understood that areas where the frame-like intermediate layer overlaps with an opaque masking layer when viewed through the composite pane are excluded from the fact that the maximum deviation of the transmission through the composite pane from the exterior to the interior in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 780 nm is 5 percentage points from the mean value.

[0047] In another alternative preferred embodiment, the color compensation layer is formed in the form of a coating on the inner pane. The coating can be arranged on the outer surface of the inner pane or on the inner surface of the inner pane.

[0048] The color-correcting layer can be a single layer or multilayered. It is understood that if the color-correcting layer is multilayered, different dyes, pigments, and / or nanoparticles can be arranged in different sublayers of the color-correcting layer. For example, dyes, pigments, and / or nanoparticles that can absorb a certain percentage of blue light with a wavelength in a first range can be incorporated in a different sublayer than dyes, pigments, and / or nanoparticles that can absorb a certain percentage of green light with a wavelength in a second range, and / or than dyes, pigments, and / or nanoparticles that can absorb a certain percentage of red light with a wavelength in a third range.Similarly, dyes, pigments and / or nanoparticles that can absorb green light with a wavelength in a second range to a certain percentage may also be embedded in a different sublayer than dyes, pigments and / or nanoparticles that absorb blue light with a wavelength in a first SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294- WO-PCT.

[0049] Dyes, pigments, and / or nanoparticles that can absorb a certain percentage of red light with a wavelength in a third range may be incorporated in a different sublayer than dyes, pigments, and / or nanoparticles that can absorb a certain percentage of blue light with a wavelength in a first range, and / or dyes, pigments, and / or nanoparticles that can absorb a certain percentage of green light with a wavelength in a second range.

[0050] In one embodiment of the invention, the photovoltaic component is a photovoltaic film. In this embodiment, the photovoltaic component comprises at least one, preferably a plurality, of colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells, which are supported by a carrier film. The use of a photovoltaic film simplifies the production of the composite panel because the colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells arranged in the film composite can be handled easily and without complications.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment, the photovoltaic component comprises a plurality of colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells, which are electrically interconnected. Some or all of the colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells can be arranged adjacent to one another. Additionally or alternatively, a cell gap can be formed between some or all of the colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells. Dividing the electrical component into several colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells allows, firstly, precise dimensioning of the physical properties of the photovoltaic component.Furthermore, it is possible to arrange the individually flat colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells in a curved composite panel, whereby the bending stress caused by the curvature of the composite panel in the colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells is low compared to a solid-surface design of the colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells. This effect is particularly effective when a space is provided between the cells, which can, for example, also be used for accommodating and routing cables. The space between the colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells is, for example, a maximum of 5 cm, 2 cm, 1 cm, or 5 mm, with possible lower limits (independent of this) of 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 1.5 mm, or 2 mm.

[0052] The light transmission of the colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells contained in the photovoltaic component is preferably at least 20%, particularly preferably at least 30%, most preferably at least 40%, and particularly preferably at least 50%.

[0053] The light transmission of the colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells contained in the photovoltaic component is at most 90%, preferably at most 80%, particularly preferably at most 70%, and most preferably at most 60% or 50%. If the light transmission is within this range, it is ensured that a sufficient portion of the sunlight is absorbed by the colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells contained in the photovoltaic component and converted into electrical energy by means of the photoelectric effect, thus enabling the construction of a system with particularly high energy efficiency.

[0054] The photovoltaic component or the majority of photovoltaic components preferably extend over a substantial portion of the surface of the composite panel, for example, at least 35%, at least 40%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, or at least 90% of the surface of the composite panel. The larger the surface area of ​​the component(s), the greater the energy that can be harvested.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment, the composite pane according to the invention comprises a frame layer arranged between the first bonding layer and the second bonding layer, which surrounds the at least one photovoltaic component in a frame-like manner. For this purpose, the frame layer has at least one recess in which the at least one photovoltaic component is arranged. If the composite pane has exactly one photovoltaic component, the frame layer has exactly one recess, and the outer dimensions of the recess correspond to the outer dimensions of the photovoltaic component. In embodiments in which the composite pane has at least two photovoltaic components, the frame layer can also have a recess in which the at least two photovoltaic components are then arranged.Preferably, however, when at least two photovoltaic components are present, the frame layer has a corresponding number of recesses, such that in SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294-WO-PCT, each recess accommodates a photovoltaic component. The outer dimensions of the recesses then correspond to the outer dimensions of the respective photovoltaic component arranged therein.

[0056] The frame layer compensates for a local thickness difference between the area containing the at least one photovoltaic component and the surrounding area. The frame layer does not overlap the at least one photovoltaic component, but is attached only in its vicinity, adjacent to the perimeter edge of the at least one photovoltaic component, thus enabling this compensation of thickness differences. The frame layer prevents stress and glass breakage.

[0057] The frame layer can be based on a thermoplastic material, i.e., it can be a thermoplastic layer.

[0058] The frame layer has a transmission spectrum. In a preferred embodiment, the transmission spectrum of the frame layer in the visible range essentially corresponds to the transmission spectrum exhibited by the at least one colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell of the at least one photovoltaic component. In this way, if the color compensation layer is arranged across the entire surface of the composite panel, the maximum deviation of the transmission through the composite panel from the outside to the interior in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 780 nm is 5 percentage points, even in areas of the composite panel where the frame layer is visible through the composite panel.This means that even in areas of the laminated glass where the frame layer is located when looking through the laminated glass from the outside to the inside, the transmission through the laminated glass from the outside to the inside deviates by no more than 5 percentage points from the average transmission through the laminated glass from the outside to the inside in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 780 nm. Therefore, in this embodiment, even in areas of the laminated glass where the frame layer is located when looking through it, an observer looking at the laminated glass from the inside will perceive a substantially neutral color impression.It is understood that areas where, when looking through the composite pane, the frame layer overlaps with an opaque masking layer are excluded from the maximum deviation of the transmission by the SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294- WO- PCT.

[0059] The transmission spectrum of the composite panel from the outside to the inside is 5 percentage points below the mean value in the wavelength range from 400 nm to 780 nm. Preferably, the transmission spectrum of the frame layer in the visible range corresponds to the transmission spectrum exhibited by the at least one colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell of the at least one photovoltaic component.

[0060] To precisely adjust the transmission spectrum of the frame layer, the frame layer can contain dyes, pigments, and / or nanoparticles. A wide variety of suitable dyes, pigments, and nanoparticles are known to those skilled in the art, so further discussion is unnecessary here. The transmission properties of the frame layer can be adjusted as desired by means of dyes, pigments, and nanoparticles.

[0061] As explained above, the second bonding layer can be based on an optically clear adhesive or on a thermoplastic material, i.e., it can be a thermoplastic layer. Similarly, the intermediate layer can be based on an optically clear adhesive or on a thermoplastic material, i.e., it can be a thermoplastic layer.

[0062] The first bonding layer can be based on an optically clear adhesive or on a thermoplastic material, i.e., a thermoplastic layer. Preferably, the first bonding layer is a thermoplastic layer.

[0063] The base material of an optically clear adhesive is curable, i.e., it can be irreversibly cured. The base material can be cured by heat, exposure to electromagnetic radiation, preferably UV radiation, and / or chemically. Typically, it is a plastic that is brought into a polymer-crosslinked state by curing. It is understood that in embodiments of the composite disc according to the invention, in which the second bonding layer is formed as a layer based on an optically clear adhesive, the optically clear adhesive is present in the cured state. Likewise, it is understood that in embodiments of the composite disc according to the invention, in which the color-correcting layer is formed as an intermediate layer based on an optically clear adhesive, the optically clear adhesive is present in the cured state. SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294- WO-PCT

[0064] The base material of optically clear adhesives can be virtually any choice. Optically clear adhesives are particularly well-known under the abbreviations LOCA ("Liquid Optically Clear Adhesive") and OCA ("Optical Clear Adhesive"), and are commercially available in liquid form or as tapes or films. These are frequently used with touch-sensitive displays, for example, to firmly bond them to an LCD screen or to securely bond plastic covers to the touch-sensitive displays.

[0065] In one embodiment, the base material of the optically clear adhesive contains or consists of polyurethane (PU), polyacrylate, polyacetate resin, casting resin, silicone, or a copolymer or mixture thereof. A UV-curing polyacrylate is particularly preferred as the base material of the optically clear adhesive.

[0066] A thermoplastic layer contains at least one thermoplastic polymer, preferably ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or polyurethane (PU) or mixtures or copolymers or derivatives thereof, particularly preferably PVB.

[0067] The thickness of a first bonding layer, second bonding layer, or intermediate layer formed as a thermoplastic layer is preferably from 0.2 mm to 2 mm, and particularly preferably from 0.3 mm to 1 mm. A thermoplastic layer can be formed as a single film or as more than one film. The thermoplastic layer can also be a film with acoustic damping properties or a film that reflects IR and / or UV radiation.

[0068] In a preferred embodiment, the composite disc according to the invention has at least two photovoltaic components.

[0069] In one embodiment, the composite pane additionally comprises an opaque masking layer. The opaque masking layer is preferably located in a circumferential edge region of the composite pane. The opaque masking layer thus conceals, in particular, the view of attached components or bonded joints.

[0070] Particularly preferred is the arrangement of the photovoltaic component in embodiments where the laminated glass additionally comprises an opaque masking layer, such that the circumferential edge of the photovoltaic component is located within the area of ​​the opaque masking layer. This has the advantage that the opaque masking layer conceals the transition from the photovoltaic component to the surrounding thermoplastic intermediate layer. As described above, the opaque masking layer is typically located in the edge region of the laminated glass and conceals the view of attachments or bonded joints. Roof panes typically have a circumferential opaque masking layer in the form of a printed cover made of opaque enamel, which serves in particular to protect the adhesive used for installing the pane from UV radiation and to visually conceal it.This covering print is preferably used to also cover the surrounding edge of the photovoltaic component. Preferably, both the outer and inner panes of the laminated glass have such a covering print, so that visibility in the edge area is prevented from both sides.

[0071] If the composite panel has more than one photovoltaic component, the opaque masking layer is arranged in a preferred embodiment such that only those edges of the photovoltaic components that are closest to the circumferential side edge of the composite panel are visible in the area of ​​the opaque masking layer when viewed through the composite panel. Edges of the photovoltaic components that are closest to edges of one of the photovoltaic components are therefore not visible in the area of ​​the opaque masking layer when viewed through the composite panel.

[0072] In a further preferred embodiment, the composite disc according to the invention has at least two photovoltaic components and the opaque masking layer is designed in a grid-like form, such that the areas between the photovoltaic components and the edges of the photovoltaic components are also arranged in the area of ​​the opaque masking layer in view through the composite disc.

[0073] In embodiments where the composite disk has an opaque masking layer and a cell gap is formed between some or all of the colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells, the opaque masking layer is preferably designed in a grid-like form such that the cell gaps between the colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells and the edges of the colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells are also arranged in the region of the opaque masking layer when viewed through the composite disk. SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294- WO-PCT

[0074] It is understood that in the case of the composite discs according to the invention, areas in which, when viewed through the composite disc, the at least one colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell overlaps with an opaque masking layer, are excluded from the fact that the maximum deviation of the transmission through the composite disc from the outside to the inside in the wavelength range from 400 nm to 780 nm is 5 percentage points from the mean value.

[0075] The overprint can be opaque and apply across the entire surface. It can also be semi-transparent, at least in certain sections, for example as a dot matrix, striped matrix, or grid. Alternatively, the overprint can have a gradient, for example from an opaque to a semi-transparent layer.

[0076] In one embodiment, the inner disk and / or the second connecting layer has a light transmission of between 5% and 50%, preferably between 5% and 30%, and particularly preferably between 5% and 15%.

[0077] In a preferred embodiment, the second compound layer is not designed as a color compensation layer and is a tinted thermoplastic intermediate layer, in particular a grey tinted thermoplastic intermediate layer, with a light transmission between 5% and 50%, preferably between 5% and 30%, and particularly preferably between 5% and 15%.

[0078] In one embodiment, the inner pane is a tinted pane, in particular a grey tinted pane, with a light transmission between 5% and 50%, preferably between 5% and 30%, and particularly preferably between 5% and 15%.

[0079] In a preferred embodiment, the composite disc has a light transmission, i.e., a total transmission for visible light, of a maximum of 30%, particularly preferably of a maximum of 15%.

[0080] The measurement of the light transmittance of the laminated glass or the components of the laminated glass, such as the outer pane, inner pane, first bonding layer SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294- WO- PCT or second bonding layer, is carried out in accordance with ISO 9050:2003 (determination using light type A and / or light type D65).

[0081] As described above, the color-correcting layer can be applied as a coating to the outer surface or the inner surface of the inner pane. The coating can cover the entire surface or, alternatively, only apply to areas where at least one colored, semi-transparent photovoltaic cell is located, visible through the laminated pane.

[0082] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the coating is applied to the outer surface or the inner surface of the inner pane by means of digital printing. The digital printing is preferably carried out by printing a printing paste based on a curable, optically clear adhesive containing dyes, pigments, and / or nanoparticles, followed by curing by heat, exposure to electromagnetic radiation, and / or chemical curing. Curing is preferably achieved by the application of heat or an increase in temperature and / or UV radiation.

[0083] In a preferred embodiment, an electrically switchable mirror element is arranged between the at least one photovoltaic component and the inner pane.

[0084] An electrically switchable mirror element is an element with light-reflecting properties, through which light incident on the composite pane from the external environment, i.e., radiation in the visible wavelength range, can be reflected; that is, it is reflectable. For this purpose, the electrically switchable mirror element can be electrically switched between a light-reflecting state and a light-non-reflecting state, for example, by applying a corresponding operating voltage.

[0085] The mirror element can typically also reflect light incident on the laminated glass from the interior, whereby, according to the invention, it is essential to reduce the energy input into the interior by focusing on the light incident from the exterior (the external environment). The mirror element is suitable and designed to reflect light incident on it from the external environment. In other words, the mirror element serves to reflect light incident on it from the external environment. The electrically switchable mirror element SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294-WO-PCT can advantageously reduce the energy input into the interior from light in the visible wavelength range. This reduces the energy required to cool the interior separated by the laminated glass.

[0086] By reflecting the light using the mirror element, the amount of light entering the interior is reduced, resulting in a more subdued interior lighting. Furthermore, the energy input into the interior is reduced, thus requiring less energy for cooling.

[0087] The mirror element can be switched from a reflective to a non-reflective state as needed, so that little or no light striking the mirror element is reflected. The non-reflective state of the mirror element can be selected, for example, when ambient light conditions are dim, such as in winter, to allow light to enter the interior. This additional light is associated with increased energy input, which can heat the interior, a desirable effect in winter. Therefore, providing a switchable mirror element in conjunction with a photovoltaic component comprising at least one colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell is suitable for reducing both the energy required to cool the interior in summer and the energy required to heat it in winter.

[0088] The electrically switchable mirror element is preferably planar and extends over a substantial portion of the surface of the composite pane, for example, at least 35%, at least 40%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, or at least 90% of the surface of the composite pane. The electrically switchable mirror element can be formed in one piece, i.e., as a single, extended element. Alternatively, the electrically switchable mirror element can be formed by a plurality of electrically switchable mirror element segments. The mirror element segments can be distributed along the surface of the composite pane. Adjacent mirror element segments can be spaced apart from one another and / or abutting one another. Some adjacent mirror element segments can be abutting one another, while other adjacent mirror element segments are spaced apart from one another.SAINT-GOBAIN SECURITY FRANCE 2024294- WO-PCT.

[0089] The electrically switchable mirror element is preferably designed such that it can be switched between a non-reflective (light) state and a reflective (light) state by applying a corresponding operating voltage. Advantageously, the electrically switchable mirror element is designed such that at least 35%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, or at least 90% of the incident (visible) light is reflected when the mirror element is switched to the reflective (light) state. For the purposes of the present invention, a "reflective state" is also understood to mean a semi-reflective state in which only a portion of the incident visible light is reflected.The switching of the mirror element between the non-reflective and the reflective state can be done discretely, for example when a certain threshold for the operating voltage is exceeded, or continuously, for example when the reflectance of the mirror element changes in a certain ratio to the operating voltage.

[0090] Preferably, the electrically switchable mirror element is in a reflective state when no or a low operating voltage is applied and switches to the non-reflective state when a suitable operating voltage is applied. This has the advantage that the mirror element does not require any electrical energy to reflect light. Especially in summer, when a large amount of light strikes a vehicle or building, the energy required for cooling the interior is particularly high. Because no energy is required to operate the mirror element in its reflective state, the already high energy required for cooling is not further increased by the energy needed to operate the mirror element. On the contrary, the energy is actually reduced, since reflecting light in the visible wavelength range decreases the energy input into the interior and thus also reduces the energy required for cooling the interior.

[0091] Electrically switchable mirror elements are known to those skilled in the art. In one embodiment, the electrically switchable mirror element is a prefabricated, electrically switchable functional element, i.e., not a coating, which is designed such that it can be electrically switched to a non-reflective (light) state or a reflective (light) state by applying a corresponding operating voltage. Such electrically switchable functional elements are typically in film form and can be readily laminated into a composite panel. The electrically switchable functional element or functional film can, for example, be in a thermoplastic film, which is SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294-WO-PCT.

[0092] The functional element should be arranged within a frame-like structure, similar to a passe-partout, to prevent local height differences in the laminate and unwanted forces acting on the electrically switchable functional element. Prefabricated, electrically switchable functional elements based on liquid crystals in film form are commercially available (e.g., from Kent Optronics). In an alternative embodiment, the electrically switchable mirror element is in the form of an electrically switchable functional coating, which is designed to be switchable between a non-reflective (light) state and a reflective (light) state by applying a corresponding operating voltage. Such electrically switchable functional coatings are known in the art (see, e.g., AIST, Japan) and are based, for example, on a Mg-Ni alloy as the electrically switchable mirror layer.

[0093] In one embodiment, an emissivity-reducing coating is applied to the inner pane, preferably to the interior surface of the inner pane. This advantageously reduces the energy input into the interior space from IR radiation. The emissivity-reducing coating can also be referred to as a heat-radiation-reflecting coating or a low-E coating. Emissivity is the measure that indicates how much heat radiation the pane, in its installed position, emits into an interior space compared to an ideal heat radiator (i.e., a black body). The emissivity-reducing coating serves to prevent heat radiation from entering the interior space (IR components of solar radiation and, in particular, the thermal radiation from the laminated pane itself) and also from radiating heat out of the interior space.It exhibits reflective properties towards infrared radiation, especially towards thermal radiation in the spectral range of 5 - 50 pm (see standard DIN EN 12898:2019-06).

[0094] Advantageously, the emissivity-reducing coating contains at least one layer of a transparent conductive oxide (TCO), for example based on indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc mixed oxide (IZO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), gallium-doped zinc oxide (GZO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO, SnO2:F), antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO, SnO2:Sb) and / or titanium nitride (TiN).

[0095] The emissivity-reducing coating is typically applied to the entire surface of the inner pane, possibly with the exception of a circumferential edge area and / or other locally limited areas that may, for example, serve for data transmission (SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294-WO-PCT). The coated area of ​​the inner pane's surface is preferably at least 90%.

[0096] The invention also includes the use of a composite window according to the invention in buildings or in means of transport for traffic on land, in the air or on water, in particular in motor vehicles, for example as a roof window, rear window and / or side window.

[0097] A composite disc according to the invention can be produced by a method comprising at least the following steps: a) providing at least one photovoltaic component comprising at least one colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell; b) measuring the transmission spectrum of the at least one colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell in the wavelength range from 400 nm to 780 nm; c) providing a color compensation layer orthe precursor of a color compensation layer, which is designed such that the transmission through the combination of colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell and color compensation layer in the wavelength range from 400 nm to 780 nm deviates by a maximum of 5 percentage points from the mean value, d) formation of a layer stack comprising at least in the following order an outer disk, a first bonding layer, at least one photovoltaic component, a second bonding layer and an inner disk, wherein the color compensation layer is formed on the inner side facing the at least one photovoltaic component, e) lamination of the layer stack.

[0098] The various embodiments of the invention can be implemented individually or in any combination. In particular, the features mentioned above and explained below can be used not only in the combinations specified, but also in other combinations or individually, without departing from the scope of the present invention. SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294- WO- PCT

[0099] The invention is explained in more detail with reference to drawings and exemplary embodiments. The drawings are schematic representations and not to scale. The drawings do not limit the invention in any way. They show:

[0100] Fig. 1 is a top view of an embodiment of a device according to the invention.

[0101] Composite disc 1 ,

[0102] Fig. 2 shows a cross-section through the embodiment of a composite disk 1 according to the invention shown in Fig. 1.

[0103] Fig. 3 shows a cross-section through another embodiment of a composite disk 1 according to the invention ,

[0104] Fig. 4 shows a cross-section through another embodiment of a composite disk 1 according to the invention ,

[0105] Fig. 5 shows a cross-section through another embodiment of a composite disk 1 according to the invention ,

[0106] Fig. 6 shows a top view of another embodiment of a composite disk 1 according to the invention.

[0107] Fig. 7 shows a cross-section through the embodiment of a composite disk 1 according to the invention shown in Fig. 6.

[0108] Fig. 8 shows a top view of another embodiment of a composite disk 1 according to the invention.

[0109] Fig. 9 shows a cross-section through the embodiment of a composite disk 1 according to the invention shown in Fig. 8.

[0110] Fig. 10 shows a cross-section through another embodiment of a composite disk 1 according to the invention ,

[0111] Fig. 11 shows a top view of another embodiment of a composite disk 1 according to the invention.

[0112] Fig. 12 shows a cross-section through the embodiment of a composite disk 1 according to the invention shown in Fig. 11.

[0113] Fig. 13 shows a top view of another embodiment of a composite disk 1 according to the invention and

[0114] Fig. 14 shows a cross-section through the embodiment of a composite disk 1 according to the invention shown in Fig. 13.

[0115] Fig. 1 shows a top view of an embodiment of a composite disc according to the invention, and Fig. 2 shows the cross-section through the SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294-WO-PCT shown in Fig. 1.

[0116] The composite disc 1 is shown along the section line X'-X. The composite disc 1 shown in Figures 1 and 2 separates an interior space INT from an exterior space AMB and comprises an outer disc 2, an inner disc 3, a first bonding layer 4, a photovoltaic component 6, a second bonding layer 5, and a color compensation layer 8. The at least one photovoltaic component 6 is arranged between the outer disc 2 and the inner disc 3 and, in the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, has exactly one colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 7. The first bonding layer 4 is arranged between the outer disc 2 and the photovoltaic component 6, and the second bonding layer 5 is arranged between the photovoltaic component 6 and the inner disc 3.The photovoltaic component 6, and thus the colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 7, is arranged in an area of ​​the composite pane 1 when looking through it from the outside AMB into the inside INT, meaning that the photovoltaic component 6, and consequently also the colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 7, are smaller in external dimensions than the composite pane 1.

[0117] The first bonding layer 4, for example, is a thermoplastic intermediate layer made of PVB and has a thickness of, for example, 0.76 mm. The second bonding layer 5, for example, is a thermoplastic intermediate layer made of PVB and has a thickness of, for example, 0.76 mm.

[0118] The outer pane 2 has an outer surface I and an inner surface II and is made, for example, of soda-lime glass and has a thickness of 2.1 mm, and the inner pane 3 has an outer surface III and an inner surface IV and is made, for example, of soda-lime glass and has a thickness of 2.1 mm.

[0119] In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, an intermediate layer 9 arranged between the second compound layer 5 and the inner disk 3 is designed as a color-compensating layer 8. The intermediate layer 9, designed as a color-compensating layer 8, is, for example, based on PVB, contains pigments, and is 0.38 mm thick. Alternatively or additionally to the pigments, the color-compensating layer 8 can also contain dyes and / or nanoparticles. In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, the color-compensating layer 8 has the same external SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294-WO-PCT

[0120] Dimensions such as the composite disc 1 and is arranged across the entire surface between the second bonding layer 5 and the inner disc 3.

[0121] For example, the colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 7 is a photovoltaic cell that reflects 50% and transmits 50% of blue light, absorbs 50% and transmits 50% of green light for power generation, and transmits 100% of red light. The color-compensating layer 8 is a layer that absorbs 50% and transmits 50% of red light and transmits 100% of both blue and green light. Such a colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 7 is perceived as blue by an observer looking at the laminated glass 1 from the outside, and this configuration of the laminated glass 1 would therefore be particularly suitable, from an aesthetic point of view, for installation as a laminated glass in a vehicle with a blue body.As described above, in this embodiment the colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 7 transmits 50% of blue light, 50% of green light, and 100% of red light, while the color-compensating layer 8 transmits 50% of red light and 100% of both blue and green light. Therefore, the transmission through such a combination of colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 7 and color-compensating layer 8 is 50% of blue light, 50% of green light, and 50% of red light. Consequently, in areas of the composite panel 1 where the colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 7 is arranged in the view through the composite panel 1, the maximum deviation of the transmission through this configuration of a composite panel 1 from the outside space AMB to the inside space INT in the wavelength range from 400 nm to 780 nm is 5 percentage points from the mean value.For an observer looking from the interior at the laminated glass 1, a neutral color impression results.

[0122] Fig. 3 shows a cross-section through another embodiment of a composite disc 1 according to the invention. The embodiment of a composite disc 1 shown in Fig. 3 differs from that shown in Fig. 2 only in that the color compensation layer 8 is not arranged between the second bonding layer 5 and the inner disc 3, but between the photovoltaic component 6 and the second bonding layer 5.

[0123] In the embodiments shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, as mentioned, the color-correcting layer 8 has the same outer dimensions as the composite pane 1 (SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294-WO-PCT) and is arranged across its entire surface between the second bonding layer 5 and the inner pane 3. Alternatively, the color-correcting layer 8 is only arranged in areas where the colored, semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 7 is located when looking through the composite pane 1, and preferably the color-correcting layer 8 is surrounded by a further, frame-like, intermediate layer, in particular a color-neutral one, arranged in the same plane.

[0124] Fig. 4 shows a cross-section through another embodiment of a composite pane 1 according to the invention. The embodiment of a composite pane 1 shown in Fig. 4 differs from that shown in Fig. 2 only in that the color compensation layer 8 is not formed as an intermediate layer 9 arranged between the second bonding layer 5 and the inner pane 3, but rather as a coating 10 on the outer surface III of the inner pane 3. The coating 10 is, for example, a coating based on an optically clear adhesive, which includes dyes, pigments, and / or nanoparticles, applied by digital printing and subsequent curing. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4, the coating 10 is arranged on the outer surface III of the inner pane 3. Alternatively, the coating 10 can also be arranged on the inner surface IV of the inner pane 3.

[0125] Fig. 5 shows a cross-section through another embodiment of a composite disc 1 according to the invention. The embodiment of a composite disc 1 shown in Fig. 5 differs from that shown in Fig. 2 only in that the color-compensating layer 8 is not designed as an intermediate layer 9 arranged between the second bonding layer 5 and the inner disc 3, but rather the second bonding layer 5 is designed as the color-compensating layer 8. The second bonding layer designed as the color-compensating layer 8 is, for example, based on PVB, contains pigments, and is 0.38 mm thick.

[0126] Fig. 6 shows a top view of an embodiment of a composite disc according to the invention, and Fig. 7 shows the cross-section through the composite disc 1 shown in Fig. 6 along the section line X'-X. The embodiment of a composite disc 1 shown in Figs. 6 and 7 differs from that shown in Figs. 1 and 2 only in that the photovoltaic component 6 has seven colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells 7 instead of one colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 7. SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294- WO-PCT

[0127] The system comprises seven cells, arranged adjacent to each other and interconnected. The seven colored, semi-transparent photovoltaic cells are arranged in a string extending in one direction.

[0128] In the embodiment shown in Figures 6 and 7, the color compensation layer 8 is arranged across the entire surface between the second bonding layer 5 and the inner pane 3. Alternatively, it is possible that the color compensation layer 8 is arranged only in areas where, when looking through the composite pane 1, the colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells 7 are located, and preferably the individual sections of the color compensation layer 8 are surrounded by a further, frame-like, and in particular color-neutral, intermediate layer arranged in the same plane.

[0129] Fig. 8 shows a top view of an embodiment of a composite disc according to the invention, and Fig. 9 shows the cross-section through the composite disc 1 shown in Fig. 8 along the section line Y'-Y. The embodiment of a composite disc 1 shown in Figs. 8 and 9 differs from that shown in Figs. 6 and 7 only in that the composite disc 1 has four photovoltaic components 6 instead of one photovoltaic component 6 in the form of seven colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells 7, which are arranged adjacent to each other in a string and interconnected. Each of the four photovoltaic components 6 comprises seven colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells 7, which are arranged adjacent to each other in a string and interconnected. In the embodiment shown in Figs. 8 and 9, the four photovoltaic components are arranged parallel to each other and, for example, spaced 10 cm apart.Furthermore, the embodiment shown in Figures 8 and 9 differs from that shown in Figures 6 and 7 in that the color compensation layer 8 is not formed as an intermediate layer 9, but rather as a coating 10 on the outer surface III of the inner pane 3 and is only arranged in areas where the colored, semi-transparent photovoltaic cells 7 are located when looking through the laminated pane 1. Thus, in the embodiment shown in Figures 8 and 9, the color compensation layer 8 does not extend over the entire outer surface III of the inner pane 3. The coating 10 is, for example, a coating applied by digital printing and subsequent curing, based on an optically clear adhesive containing dyes, pigments, and / or nanoparticles. SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294- WO-PCT.

[0130] It is understood that the embodiment of a composite disc 1 shown in Fig. 4 can also be modified in such a way that the color compensation layer 8, designed as a coating 10, is only arranged in the area in which the colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 7 is arranged when looking through the composite disc 1.

[0131] Furthermore, the embodiment of a composite disc 1 according to the invention shown in Figs. 4 and 9 can each be modified such that the coating 10 is arranged on the interior surface IV of the inner disc 3.

[0132] Fig. 10 shows a cross-section through another embodiment of a composite pane 1 according to the invention. The embodiment of a composite pane 1 shown in Fig. 10 differs from that shown in Fig. 9 only in that the color compensation layer 8 is not formed as a partial coating 10 of the outer surface III of the inner pane 3, but as a full-surface intermediate layer 9. Furthermore, the composite pane 1 in the embodiment shown in Fig. 10 has a frame layer 11, which is arranged between the first bonding layer 4 and the intermediate layer 9 and surrounds the four photovoltaic components 6 in a frame-like manner. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 10, the frame layer 11 has four recesses, with a photovoltaic component 5 being arranged in each of the four recesses.The outer dimensions of the recesses correspond to the outer dimensions of the respective photovoltaic component 6 arranged therein. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 10, the frame layer 11 is, for example, a tinted thermoplastic layer based on PVB, which has a transmission spectrum, wherein in the visible range the transmission spectrum of the frame layer 11 corresponds to the transmission spectrum of the colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells 7.

[0133] For example, the colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells 7 are photovoltaic cells that reflect 50% and transmit 50% of blue light, absorb 50% and transmit 50% of green light for power generation, and transmit 100% of red light; the color compensation layer 8 is a layer that absorbs 70% and transmits 30% of red light, and absorbs 20% and transmits 80% of blue and green light each; and the frame layer 11 is a layer that absorbs 50% and transmits 50% of blue light.Green light is absorbed 50% and transmitted 50%, and red light is transmitted 100%. Such colored semi-transparent SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294-WO-PCT photovoltaic cells 7 are perceived as blue by an observer looking at the laminated glass 1 from the outside, and this design of the laminated glass 1 would therefore be particularly suitable from an aesthetic point of view for installation as a laminated glass in a vehicle with a blue body. Such colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells 7 transmit blue light 50%, green light 50%, and red light 100%, and as described above, the color-correcting layer 8 transmits red light 30% and blue and green light 80% each, so that such a combination of colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 7 and color-correcting layer 8 transmits blue light 30%.Green light is transmitted at 30% and red light at 30%. Consequently, in areas of the composite pane 1 where at least one colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 7 is arranged in the view through the composite pane 1, the maximum deviation of the transmission through this configuration of a composite pane 1 from the outside space AMB to the inside space INT in the wavelength range from 400 nm to 780 nm is 5 percentage points from the mean value. In addition, the frame layer 11 transmits blue light at 50%, green light at 50% and red light at 100%, and as described above, the color compensation layer 8 transmits red light at 30% and blue and green light at 80% each, so that such a combination of frame layer 11 and color compensation layer 8 transmits blue light at 30%.Green light is transmitted at 30% and red light at 30%. Therefore, when viewed from inside the building, the laminated glass 1 appears as having a neutral color across its entire surface.

[0134] It is understood that the embodiment of a composite disc 1 according to the invention shown in Fig. 10 can also be modified in such a way that the color compensation layer 8 is arranged between the second bonding layer 5 and the inner disc 3 or is designed as a full-surface coating 10 of the outer surface III or the inner surface IV of the inner disc 3.

[0135] Fig. 11 shows a top view of an embodiment of a composite pane according to the invention, and Fig. 12 shows the cross-section through the composite pane 1 shown in Fig. 11 along the section line Y'-Y. The embodiment of a composite pane 1 shown in Figs. 11 and 12 differs from that shown in Fig. 10 only in that an opaque masking layer 12 is arranged on the inner surface II of the outer pane 1 in a circumferential edge region. The opaque SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294-WO-PCT

[0136] The masking layer 12 is, for example, designed as an opaque covering print in the form of an opaque enamel. In the embodiment shown in Figures 11 and 12, the opaque masking layer 12 is arranged such that the edges of the photovoltaic components 6 which are located closest to the circumferential side edge of the composite disc 1 are, when viewed through the composite disc 1, located in the area of ​​the opaque masking layer 12.

[0137] Fig. 13 shows a top view of an embodiment of a composite disc according to the invention, and Fig. 14 shows the cross-section through the composite disc 1 shown in Fig. 13 along the section line Y'-Y. The embodiment of a composite disc 1 shown in Figs. 13 and 14 differs from that shown in Figs. 11 and 12 only in that the opaque masking layer 12 is not only arranged in a circumferential edge region, but is formed in a grid-like manner, so that the areas between the photovoltaic components 6 and the edges of the photovoltaic components 6 are also arranged in the region of the opaque masking layer 12 when viewed through the composite disc 1. Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in Figs. 13 and 14, the frame layer 11 is, for example, a colorless PVB layer.

[0138] SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294-WO-PCT

[0139] Reference symbol list:

[0140] 1 composite disc

[0141] 2 Outer pane

[0142] 3 inner disc

[0143] 4 first bonding layer

[0144] 5 second bonding layer

[0145] 6 photovoltaic component

[0146] 7 colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell

[0147] 8 Color leveling layer

[0148] 9 Intermediate shift

[0149] 10 coating

[0150] 11 Frame layer

[0151] 12 opaque masking layers

[0152] I outer surface of the outer pane

[0153] II Interior surface of the outer pane

[0154] III outer surface of the inner pane

[0155] IV Interior surface of the inner pane

[0156] INT Interior

[0157] AMB outdoor area

[0158] X'-X Intersection line

[0159] Y'-Y' Intersection line

Claims

32 SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294-WO-PCT Patent claims 1. Composite pane (1) for separating an interior space (INT) from an exterior space (AMB), comprising at least in the following order: an outer pane (2) with an exterior surface (I) and an interior surface (II), a first bonding layer (4), at least one photovoltaic component (6) comprising at least one colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell (7), a second bonding layer (5) and an inner pane (3) with an exterior surface (III) and an interior surface (IV), wherein a color compensation layer (8) is formed on the interior side facing the at least one photovoltaic component (6) and at least in areas of the composite pane (1) in which the at least one colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell (7) is arranged in view through the composite pane (1),the maximum deviation of the transmission through the composite disk (1) from the outside space (AMB) to the inside space (INT) in the wavelength range from 400 nm to 780 nm is 5 percentage points from the mean value.

2. Composite disc (1) according to claim 1, wherein the color compensation layer (8) comprises dyes, pigments and / or nanoparticles.

3. Composite disc (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second bonding layer (5) is designed as a color compensation layer (8).

4. Composite disc according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the color compensation layer (8) is formed in the form of at least one intermediate layer (9) arranged between the at least one photovoltaic component (6) and the second bonding layer (5) or between the second bonding layer (5) and the inner disc (3).

5. Composite disc according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the second bonding layer (5) designed as a color compensation layer (8) or the intermediate layer (9) designed as a color compensation layer (8) is based on a thermoplastic material. 33 SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294-WO-PCT 6. Composite disc (1) according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the second bonding layer (5) designed as a color compensation layer (8) or the intermediate layer (9) designed as a color compensation layer (8) is based on an optically clear adhesive.

7. Composite pane (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the color compensation layer (8) is formed in the form of a coating (10) of the inner pane (3).

8. Composite disc (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the at least one photovoltaic component (6) comprises a plurality of colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells (7) which are electrically interconnected, wherein the colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells (7) are arranged adjacent to one another and / or a cell space is formed between adjacent colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cells (7).

9. Composite disc (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a frame layer (11) which is arranged between the first bonding layer (4) and the second bonding layer (5) and which surrounds at least one photovoltaic component (5) in a frame-like manner.

10. Composite disc (1) according to claim 9, wherein the frame layer (11) has a transmission spectrum, the at least one colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell has a transmission spectrum and in the visible range the transmission spectrum of the frame layer (11) corresponds substantially to the transmission spectrum of the at least one colored semi-transparent photovoltaic cell (7).

11. Composite disc (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the composite disc (1) has an opaque masking layer (12) at least in a circumferential edge region.

12. Composite disc (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the composite disc (1) has at least two photovoltaic components (5).

13. Composite pane (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the inner pane (3) and / or the second bonding layer (5) has a light transmission of between 5% SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024294-WO-PCT and 50%, preferably between 5% and 30%, particularly preferably between 5% and 15%.

14. Composite disc (1) according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein an electrically switchable mirror element is arranged between the at least one photovoltaic component (5) and the inner disc (3).

15. Use of a composite window (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 14 in buildings or in means of transport for traffic on land, in the air or on water, in particular in motor vehicles for example as a roof window, rear window and / or side window.

Images