Management system, management method, and program

Abstract

A management system for managing the lending of a battery stored in a battery station comprises: an acquisition means for acquiring personal information of a user via an information terminal owned by the user; and a payment means for applying for a payment, for lending the battery, to a payment institution on the basis of the personal information, wherein the payment means acquires credit information including a credit score of the user from a credit institution on the basis of the personal information, and collects a deposit at the time of lending the battery according to the credit score.

Description

Management System, Management Method, and Program

[0001] The present invention relates to a management system, a management method, and a program for managing the lending of batteries.

[0002] In Patent Document 1, a first usage fee is set for the use of a rental service until a first period elapses after lending a mobile battery to a user, and a second usage fee is imposed if the mobile battery has not been returned even after the first period has elapsed. Also, in the system described in Patent Document 1, when the mobile battery is returned after the first period has elapsed, benefits such as refunding a part of the second usage fee are provided.

[0003] Japanese Patent No. 7285524

[0004] In a configuration where a second usage fee is imposed after the first period has elapsed as in Patent Document 1, there is a possibility that the second usage fee may not be paid in addition to the risk that the battery is not returned.

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an advantageous technique for enabling a battery station operator to lend a battery to a user with confidence.

[0006] To achieve the above object, a management system as one aspect of the present invention is a management system for managing the lending of batteries stored in a battery station, comprising: acquisition means for acquiring personal information of the user via an information terminal owned by the user; and settlement means for applying to a settlement institution for settlement for lending the battery based on the personal information, wherein the settlement means acquires credit information including a credit score of the user from a credit institution based on the personal information, and collects a deposit when lending the battery according to the credit score.

[0007] According to the present invention, for example, it is possible to provide an advantageous technique for enabling a battery station operator to lend a battery to a user with confidence.

[0008] Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, the same or similar components are given the same reference numeral.

[0009] The attached drawings are included in the specification and constitute part thereof, illustrating embodiments of the present invention and are used together with the description to explain the principles of the present invention.

[0010] A diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of a management system according to one embodiment of the present invention. A diagram showing an example of the appearance of a battery station. A flowchart showing the process performed at the battery station when lending a battery to a user. A flowchart showing the process performed at the management device when lending a battery to a user. A flowchart showing the process performed at the battery station when a battery is returned by a user. A flowchart showing the process performed at the management device when a battery is returned by a user.

[0011] The embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings. Note that the following embodiments do not limit the invention as defined in the claims, and not all combinations of features described in the embodiments are essential to the invention. Two or more of the features described in the embodiments may be combined in any way. Furthermore, identical or similar configurations will be given the same reference numeral, and redundant descriptions will be omitted.

[0012] An embodiment of the present invention will now be described. Figure 1 is a diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of the management system 100 of this embodiment. The management system 100 of this embodiment is a system for managing the lending of batteries BT stored in battery stations 10, and may include a plurality of battery stations 10 and a management device 20. The plurality of battery stations 10 and the management device 20 are connected to each other so as to be able to communicate with each other via a network 40.

[0013] Each of the multiple battery stations 10 may be installed in a different location (region). Each battery station 10, as shown in Figure 2, is a device that stores multiple mobile batteries BT and charges and discharges each battery BT, and may include multiple slots 16 into which each battery BT is inserted and removed. The battery stations 10 may be installed, for example, on the side of a road or in a parking lot. Figure 2 shows an example of the appearance of a battery station 10.

[0014] Each battery station 10 in this embodiment may include a control unit 11, a user interface (UI) unit 12, a measurement unit 13, a communication unit 14, and a receiver 15, as shown in Figure 1. Although Figure 1 shows an example configuration for one of the multiple battery stations 10, each of the multiple battery stations 10 may have a similar configuration.

[0015] The control unit 11 is composed of a computer including, for example, a processor represented by a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and a storage device such as semiconductor memory, and controls each part of the battery station 10. In this embodiment, the control unit 11 can control the lending process of batteries BT and the charging and discharging of batteries BT by reading and executing a program stored in the storage device. The user interface unit 12 includes a reception unit (input unit) that receives information entered by the user and a notification unit (display unit) that notifies the user of various information. In this embodiment, the user interface unit 12 may be composed of, for example, a touch panel display.

[0016] The measurement unit 13 measures the degradation state of the battery BT. In this embodiment, the measurement unit 13 may be configured to measure SOH (State of Health) as an indicator of the degradation state of the battery BT, but it may also be configured to measure other indicators such as SOC (State of Charge). The communication unit 14 can transmit various information to the management device 20 and receive various information from the management device 20 by communicating with the management device 20 via the network 40.

[0017] The receiver 15 is a device that receives the user's personal information (ID information) from the information terminal 30 owned by the user. For example, the information terminal 30 may be an ETC (Electronic Toll Collection System) onboard unit installed in a vehicle owned by the user. In this case, the receiver 15 may be configured to receive (acquire) the user's personal information wirelessly from the ETC onboard unit acting as the information terminal 30. An example of a vehicle in which the ETC onboard unit acting as the information terminal 30 is installed is an electric vehicle that can be equipped with a battery BT and is driven by the power from the battery BT. The electric vehicle may be a saddle-type vehicle such as a motorcycle, or a four-wheeled vehicle. The information terminal 30 may be a mobile terminal such as a smartphone, or an ID card such as a driver's license or credit card. In this case, the receiver 15 may be configured to receive (acquire) the user's personal information wirelessly from the mobile terminal or ID card acting as the information terminal 30.

[0018] The management device 20 is composed of a computer including a processor, such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), and a storage device such as semiconductor memory. It manages the lending of batteries BT at each battery station 10 by reading and executing programs stored in the storage device. The management device 20 may also be understood as a control device that controls each battery station 10. In this embodiment, the management device 20 is configured as a server device that is communicatively connected to a plurality of battery stations 10 via a network 40. The management device 20 may be installed in a company that manages and operates a plurality of battery stations 10.

[0019] Furthermore, the management device 20 is connected to the credit agency 41 and the settlement agency 42 via the network 40 so as to be able to communicate with them. The credit agency 41 is an agency that manages the credit information of each user who uses the battery station 10. The credit information includes a credit score that quantifies the creditworthiness of each user based on each user's attributes such as age, gender, and occupation, as well as data such as purchasing and lending behavior. The settlement agency 42 is an agency that settles the costs when lending out batteries BT at each battery station 10. An example of a settlement agency 42 is a credit card company. In Figure 1, the credit agency 41 and the settlement agency 42 are shown as separate agencies, but the credit agency 41 and the settlement agency 42 may be the same agency.

[0020] As shown in Figure 1, the management device 20 of this embodiment may include a communication unit 21, an acquisition unit 22, and a settlement unit 23. The communication unit 21 transmits and receives various information with each battery station 10, credit agency 41, and settlement agency 42 via the network 40. The acquisition unit 22 acquires various information from each battery station 10, credit agency 41, and settlement agency 42. As an example, the acquisition unit 22 acquires the user's personal information received by the receiver 15 of each battery station 10 via the user's information terminal 30, through the communication unit 21. The settlement unit 23 then applies to the settlement agency 42 via the communication unit 21 for settlement to lend out batteries BT, based on the personal information acquired by the acquisition unit 22.

[0021] However, at the battery station 10, there is a risk that the batteries BT lent to users will not be returned. In this case, the operating company that runs the battery station 10 may find it difficult to confidently lend batteries BT to users. Therefore, in this embodiment, when lending out batteries BT at the battery station 10, a deposit is collected (recovered) according to the credit score of the user lending out the batteries BT. The method for managing the lending of batteries BT in this embodiment will be described below.

[0022] Figure 3 is a flowchart showing the process performed at the battery station 10 when lending a battery BT to a user. The flowchart in Figure 3 can be executed by the control unit 11 of the battery station 10.

[0023] In step S111, the control unit 11 determines whether a transaction operation for lending a battery BT (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a battery BT transaction operation) has been initiated by the user. For example, the user interface unit 12 (touch panel display) of the battery station 10 displays a message instructing the user to touch the screen when initiating a battery BT transaction operation. The control unit 11 can determine that a battery BT transaction operation has been initiated in response to the user touching the screen of the user interface unit 12. If it is determined that a transaction operation has been initiated, the process proceeds to step S112. In the following, the user who initiated the transaction operation may be referred to as the "target user".

[0024] In step S112, the control unit 11 receives (acquires) the target user's personal information from the information terminal 30 via the receiver 15. For example, the control unit 11 displays a message on the user interface unit 12 instructing the information terminal 30 to be placed within the reception range where wireless communication can be performed by the receiver 15. Then, when the information terminal 30 is placed within the reception range, the control unit 11 receives the target user's personal information from the information terminal 30 via the receiver 15. As mentioned above, at least one of an ETC in-vehicle unit, a mobile terminal, and an ID card can be used as the information terminal 30, and the receiver 15 can be configured to perform wireless communication with various information terminals 30. Next, in step S113, the control unit 11 transmits the personal information received in step S112 to the management device 20 via the communication unit 14.

[0025] In step S114, the control unit 11 determines whether the communication unit 14 has received the loan permission notification transmitted from the management device 20 in step S124 of Figure 4, which will be described later. The loan permission notification is notification information indicating that the loan of the battery BT is permitted according to the credit information of the target user obtained from the credit agency 41. If the loan permission notification is received, the process proceeds to step S115. On the other hand, if the loan permission notification is not received, that is, if the communication unit 14 has received the loan denial notification transmitted from the management device 20 in step S129 of Figure 4, which will be described later, the process proceeds to step S118, and the control unit 11 displays a message on the user interface unit 12 indicating that the battery BT cannot be loaned. The loan denial notification is notification information indicating that the loan of the battery BT is prohibited according to the credit information obtained from the credit agency 41.

[0026] In step S115, the control unit 11 acquires the settlement amount information transmitted from the management device 20 in step S127 of Figure 4, which will be described later, via the communication unit 14. The settlement amount information indicates the settlement amount (amount) to be collected from the target user when lending out the battery BT. Next, in step S116, the control unit 11 displays the settlement amount on the user interface unit 12 based on the settlement amount information acquired in step S115.

[0027] In step S117, the control unit 11 lends at least one of the multiple batteries BT stored in the battery station 10 to the target user. For example, each slot 16 of the battery station 10 is usually locked to prevent the removal of the battery BT. The control unit 11 can lend the battery BT to the target user by unlocking the slot 16 in which the battery BT to be lent to the target user is stored. Here, the control unit 11 manages the individual IDs of the battery BTs stored in each slot 16 of the battery station 10 and stores the individual ID of the battery BT lent to the target user. The individual ID of the battery BT lent to the target user may also be transmitted to the management device 20 by the communication unit 14, in which case the management device 20 can ascertain the battery BT (individual ID) lent to the target user.

[0028] Figure 4 is a flowchart showing the process performed by the management device 20 when lending a battery BT to a user. The flowchart in Figure 4 can be performed in parallel with the flowchart in Figure 3.

[0029] In step S121, the management device 20 (acquisition unit 22) determines whether the communication unit 21 has acquired (received) the personal information of the target user transmitted from the battery station 10 in step S113 of Figure 3 described above. If the personal information has been acquired, the process proceeds to step S122, where the management device 20 (acquisition unit 22) acquires the credit information of the target user from the credit agency 41 via the communication unit 21. As described above, the credit information includes a credit score that quantifies the creditworthiness of each user.

[0030] Steps S123 to S129 are the process of making a payment for lending out a battery BT based on the target user's personal information (specifically, credit information).

[0031] In step S123, the management device 20 (settlement unit 23) determines whether the credit score of the target user in the credit information acquired in step S122 is above a threshold. The credit score is set (determined) for each user based on data of past borrowing and lending behavior, such as whether or not borrowed items were returned on time. The higher the credit score, the more likely the user is to return borrowed items on time. Therefore, the threshold can be set in advance based on statistical data representing the relationship between the credit score and the rate at which borrowed items are returned on time (return rate), so that the return rate is above a specified value (for example, 70% or more).

[0032] If the target user's credit score is above the threshold, the process proceeds to step S124, where the management device 20 sends a loan permission notification to the battery station 10 via the communication unit 21. On the other hand, if the target user's credit score is below the threshold, the process proceeds to step S129, where the management device 20 prohibits the loan of a battery BT to the target user, cancels the payment, and sends a loan denial notification to the battery station 10 via the communication unit 21.

[0033] In step S125, the management device 20 (settlement unit 23) determines the amount of the deposit to be collected from the target user in addition to the battery BT rental fee, according to the credit score of the target user in the credit information acquired in step S122. The deposit is a one-time payment (security deposit) received as a guarantee for the battery BT being rented out. In this embodiment, the management device 20 determines the deposit amount such that the higher the credit score, the lower the deposit amount. For example, a correspondence between the credit score and the deposit amount is set in advance, and the management device 20 can determine the deposit amount from the credit score of the target user based on the information indicating this correspondence.

[0034] In step S126, the management device 20 (settlement unit 23) determines the settlement amount to be collected from the target user for lending out the battery BT. For example, the management device 20 can determine the settlement amount as the sum of the rental fee set according to the battery BT lending period and the deposit amount determined in step S125. Here, the rental fee is set in advance so that it increases the longer the battery BT lending period. Information indicating the battery BT lending period may be input by the target user via the user interface unit 12 of the battery station 10 and transmitted from the battery station 10 to the management device 20. The management device 20 may also obtain information indicating the battery BT lending period, along with personal information, from the battery station 10 via the communication unit 21 in step S121.

[0035] In step S127, the management device 20 (settlement unit 23) transmits information indicating the settlement amount determined in step S126 (settlement amount information) to the battery station 10 via the communication unit 21. Next, in step S128, the management device 20 (settlement unit 23) applies to the settlement institution 42 via the communication unit 21 for settlement at the settlement amount determined in step S126.

[0036] Figure 5 is a flowchart showing the processing performed at the battery station 10 when a battery BT is returned by a user. The flowchart in Figure 5 can be executed by the control unit 11 of the battery station 10. Here, the battery station 10 in which the flowchart in Figure 5 is executed may be the same as or different from the battery station 10 in which the flowchart in Figure 3 is executed. That is, the battery station 10 that lends the battery BT to the target user and the battery station 10 in which the battery BT is returned by the target user may be the same or different.

[0037] In step S211, the control unit 11 determines whether or not the battery BT has been returned by the target user. For example, a user can return the battery BT by inserting it into an empty slot 16 of the battery station 10. The battery station 10 is also equipped with a sensor that detects the presence or absence of a battery BT in each slot 16, and a sensor that detects the individual ID of the battery BT inserted into the slot 16. Based on the detection results from these sensors, the control unit 11 can determine whether or not the battery BT has been returned by the target user.

[0038] If the battery BT is returned, the process proceeds to step S212, where the control unit 11 sends a return notification to the management device 20 via the communication unit 14, indicating that the battery BT has been returned. At this time, the control unit 11 may also send information indicating the individual ID of the returned battery BT to the management device 20 via the communication unit 14.

[0039] In step S213, the control unit 11 measures the degradation state of the returned battery BT using the measurement unit 13. In this embodiment, as described above, SOH is measured by the measurement unit 13 as an indicator of the degradation state of the battery BT, but other indicators such as SOC may also be measured. Next, in step S214, the control unit 11 transmits information indicating the degradation state of the battery BT measured in step S213 (degradation state information) to the management device 20 using the communication unit 14.

[0040] In step S215, the control unit 11 receives the refund amount information transmitted from the management device 20 in step S224 of Figure 6 (described later) via the communication unit 14. The refund amount information indicates the amount to be refunded to the target user as at least a portion of the deposit collected when the battery BT was lent out. In step S216, the control unit 11 receives the incentive information transmitted from the management device 20 in step S225 of Figure 6 (described later) via the communication unit 14. The incentive information indicates the amount of money, points, etc., to be given to the target user as a reward (incentive) for returning the battery BT. Next, in step S217, the control unit 11 displays the refund amount information (refund amount) obtained in step S215 and the incentive information (incentive) obtained in step S216 on the user interface unit 12.

[0041] Figure 6 is a flowchart showing the process performed by the management device 20 when a battery BT is returned by the user. The flowchart in Figure 6 can be performed in parallel with the flowchart in Figure 5.

[0042] In step S221, the management device 20 (acquisition unit 22) determines whether or not it has received the battery BT return notification transmitted from the battery station 10 in step S212 of Figure 5 via the communication unit 21. If the return notification is received, the process proceeds to step S222, where the management device 20 (acquisition unit 22) receives the battery BT degradation status information transmitted from the battery station 10 in step S214 of Figure 5 via the communication unit 21. At this time, the management device 20 (acquisition unit 22) may also receive information indicating the individual ID of the returned battery BT from the battery station 10 via the communication unit 21.

[0043] In step S223, the management device 20 (settlement unit 23) determines the refund amount for the deposit collected at the time of lending the battery BT according to the return mode of the battery BT by the target user. The refund for the deposit may be in money or in points. Also, the refund for the deposit may be in virtual currency, but in this case, it can be made by referring to the exchange rate at the time of refund. Next, in step S224, the management device 20 (settlement unit 23) transmits information (refund amount information) indicating the refund amount of the deposit determined in step S223 to the battery station 10 by the communication unit 21.

[0044] The user may return the battery BT after the return deadline (scheduled return date and time) of the battery BT, or may return the battery BT to a battery station 10 different from the battery station 10 where the battery BT was lent. Also, the user may return the battery BT in a deteriorated state (for example, a state where the SOH has decreased beyond a predetermined amount). Therefore, the management device 20 of the present embodiment can use at least one of the elapsed period from the return deadline of the battery BT, the location where the battery BT was returned, and the deterioration state (SOH) of the battery BT as the return mode of the battery BT, and determine the refund amount according to the return mode.

[0045] For example, the management device 20 can determine the refund amount so that the refund amount decreases as the elapsed period from the return deadline of the battery BT becomes longer. Also, the management device 20 can determine the refund amount so that the refund amount decreases as the distance between the location of the battery station 10 where the battery BT was lent and the location of the battery station 10 where the battery BT was returned becomes longer. Furthermore, the management device 20 can also determine the refund amount so that the refund amount decreases as the amount by which the SOH of the battery BT has decreased beyond a predetermined range becomes larger.

[0046] In step S225, the management device 20 (settlement unit 23) determines the incentive to be given to the target user according to the manner in which the target user returns the battery BT. The incentive may be money or points. The incentive may also be cryptocurrency, in which case it may be done by referring to the exchange rate at the time of refund. Next, in step S226, the management device 20 (settlement unit 23) transmits information indicating the incentive determined in step S225 (incentive information) to the battery station 10 via the communication unit 21.

[0047] For example, the management device 20 can determine incentives such that the larger the difference between the return date and the return deadline, the greater the incentive amount when a battery BT is returned earlier than the return deadline. The management device 20 can also determine incentives such that the shorter the distance between the battery station 10 where the battery BT was lent and the battery station 10 where the battery BT was returned, the greater the incentive amount. As an example, the management device 20 may grant an incentive to the target user when the battery station 10 where the battery BT was lent and the battery station 10 where the battery BT was returned are the same. Furthermore, the management device 20 can also determine incentives such that the smaller the decrease in the State of Health (SOH) of the battery BT, the greater the incentive amount, when the decrease in SOH is within a predetermined range.

[0048] As described above, when the battery BT in the battery station 10 is lent out, the management system 100 of the present embodiment collects a deposit according to the credit score of the user who lends out the battery BT. Thereby, since the risk that the battery BT is not returned by the user can be reduced, it becomes possible to lend out the battery to the user with confidence in the operation of the battery station. Here, in the present embodiment, an example in which the management device 20 configured as a server device executes the flowchart of FIG. 4 and / or the flowchart of FIG. 6 has been described, but the control unit 11 of each battery station 10 may execute these flowcharts. That is, the control unit 11 of each battery station 10 may have the functions of the acquisition unit 22 and the settlement unit 23 in the management device 20.

[0049] <Summary of Embodiment> (Item 1) A management system for managing the lending of batteries stored in a battery station, comprising: an acquisition means for acquiring personal information of the user via an information terminal owned by the user; and a settlement means for applying to a settlement institution for settlement for lending the battery based on the personal information. The settlement means acquires credit information including the credit score of the user from a credit institution based on the personal information, and collects a deposit when lending the battery according to the credit score. A management system characterized by this. According to this item, since the risk that the battery is not returned by the user can be reduced, it becomes possible to lend out the battery to the user with confidence in the operation of the battery station. Also, at the time of lending the battery, an appropriate deposit can be collected according to the credit information of the user, so that the user is not made to pay an excessive amount of deposit.

[0050] (Item 2) The management system according to Item 1, characterized in that the payment method determines the amount of the deposit according to the credit score. According to this item, the amount of the deposit collected from the user when lending out the battery is appropriately determined according to the user's credit information (credit score), so that the user is not made to pay an excessively high deposit.

[0051] (Item 3) The management system according to Item 2, characterized in that the payment method determines the amount of the deposit such that the amount of the deposit decreases as the credit score increases. According to this item, the amount of the deposit can be appropriately determined according to the credit score so as not to impose an excessive burden on users with relatively high credit scores.

[0052] (Item 4) The management system according to any one of Items 1 to 3, characterized in that the payment means prohibits lending the battery to the user and cancels the payment if the credit score is below a threshold. According to this item, the risk of batteries not being returned can be reduced by not lending batteries to users with relatively low credit scores.

[0053] (Item 5) The management system according to any one of Items 1 to 4, characterized in that the payment means refunds to the user at least a portion of the deposit collected at the time the battery was lent out when the battery is returned by the user. According to this item, by refunding at least a portion of the deposit to the user who returns the battery, it is possible to reduce the excessive burden on the user.

[0054] (Item 6) The management system according to Item 5, characterized in that the payment means determines the amount of the refund for the deposit according to the manner in which the battery is returned. According to this item, since the refund amount is determined according to the manner in which the battery is returned, it is possible to improve the user's motivation to use the battery properly and return it.

[0055] (Item 7) The management system according to any one of Items 1 to 6, characterized in that the payment means provides an incentive to the user according to the manner in which the battery is returned. According to this item, since the incentive is determined according to the manner in which the battery is returned, it is possible to improve the user's motivation to use and return the battery properly.

[0056] (Item 8) The management system according to Item 6 or 7, characterized in that the return method includes at least one of the following: the period elapsed since the battery's return deadline, the location where the battery was returned, and the state of deterioration of the battery. According to this item, it is possible to improve the user's motivation to use and return the battery properly.

[0057] (Item 9) The management system according to any one of Items 1 to 8, characterized in that the information terminal is an ETC onboard unit, and the battery station includes a receiver that receives the personal information from the ETC onboard unit. According to this item, it becomes possible to easily lend out batteries using an ETC onboard unit.

[0058] (Item 10) The management system according to any one of Items 1 to 9, characterized in that the management system includes a server device which is communicably connected to the battery station via a network and functions as the payment means. According to this item, a system is provided in which the payment for the battery station is performed by the server device.

[0059] (Item 11) The management system according to any one of Items 1 to 9, characterized in that the management system includes control means that controls the battery station and functions as a payment means. According to this item, a system is provided that processes settlement internally at each battery station.

[0060] (Item 12) A management method for managing the lending of batteries stored at a battery station, comprising: an acquisition step of acquiring personal information of the user via an information terminal owned by the user; and a settlement step of applying to a settlement institution for settlement for lending the battery based on the personal information, wherein the settlement step is characterized by acquiring credit information including the user's credit score from a credit institution based on the personal information, and collecting a deposit at the time of lending the battery according to the credit score. According to this item, the risk of batteries not being returned by the user can be reduced, making it possible to lend batteries to users with peace of mind when operating a battery station. In addition, since an appropriate deposit according to the user's credit information can be collected at the time of lending the battery, it will not be possible to make users pay excessively high deposits.

[0061] (Item 13) A program to cause a computer to perform the management procedures described in Item 12. According to this item, a program is provided that can reduce the risk of batteries not being returned by the user.

[0062] The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications and changes are possible within the scope of the gist of the invention.

[0063] 10: Battery station, 11: Control unit, 13: Measurement unit, 15: Receiver, 20: Management device, 22: Acquisition unit, 23: Settlement institution, 30: Information terminal, 41: Credit institution, 42: Settlement institution

Claims

1. A management system for managing the lending of batteries stored at a battery station, comprising: an acquisition means for acquiring personal information of a user via an information terminal owned by the user; and a payment means for applying to a payment institution for payment to lend the battery based on the personal information, wherein the payment means acquires credit information including the user's credit score from a credit institution based on the personal information, and collects a deposit at the time of lending the battery according to the credit score.

2. The management system according to claim 1, characterized in that the payment means determines the amount of the deposit according to the credit score.

3. The management system according to claim 2, characterized in that the payment means determines the amount of the deposit such that the higher the credit score, the lower the amount of the deposit.

4. The management system according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 3, characterized in that the payment means prohibits lending the battery to the user and cancels the payment if the credit score is below a threshold.

5. The management system according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 4, characterized in that the payment means refunds to the user at least a portion of the deposit collected at the time of lending the battery when the battery is returned by the user.

6. The management system according to claim 5, characterized in that the payment means determines the amount of the refund for the deposit according to the manner in which the battery is returned.

7. The management system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the payment means provides an incentive to the user depending on how the battery is returned.

8. The management system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the return method includes at least one of the following: the period elapsed since the battery's return deadline, the location where the battery was returned, and the state of deterioration of the battery.

9. The management system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the information terminal is an ETC onboard unit, and the battery station includes a receiver that receives the personal information from the ETC onboard unit.

10. The management system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the management system includes a server device which is communicably connected to the battery station via a network and functions as the payment means.

11. The management system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the management system includes control means that controls the battery station and functions as a payment means.

12. A management method for managing the lending of batteries stored in a battery station, comprising: an acquisition step of acquiring personal information of a user via an information terminal owned by the user; and a settlement step of applying to a settlement institution for settlement for lending the battery based on the personal information, wherein in the settlement step, credit information including the user's credit score is acquired from a credit institution based on the personal information, and a deposit is collected at the time of lending the battery according to the credit score.

13. A program for causing a computer to execute the management method described in claim 12.

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