Filtering and measurement reduction in wireless communications
By integrating AI/ML for predictive measurement generation and filtering in wireless communication systems, the method addresses inefficiencies in existing systems, improving measurement accuracy and reducing failures through proactive channel quality assessment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-02
AI Technical Summary
Existing wireless communication systems rely solely on actual measurements for generating measurement results, lacking the ability to leverage artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) for predictive measurement generation, which can lead to inefficiencies and potential failures in network adjustments.
Implement methods for generating filtered measurement results based on old and current measurement results, along with filtering coefficients, including predicted measurement results, to enhance measurement performance and reduce unnecessary measurements.
Enhances measurement accuracy and reduces measurement overhead by utilizing AI/ML for proactive identification of channel quality changes, minimizing handover failures and radio link failures.
Smart Images

Figure CN2024122260_02042026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
FILTERING AND MEASUREMENT REDUCTION IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONSTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] This document is directed generally to filtering and measurement reduction in wireless communications.BACKGROUND
[0002] In some wireless communication systems, a user device may be configured by the network to perform measurements on measurement objects, and report the measurement results if a triggering criteria are met. Based on the reported measurement results, the network may take some actions, such as switch the user device to a new cell, update certain network configurations, or other actions in order to improve the service for the user device. In some implementations, communication nodes in a wireless communication system may leverage artificial intelligence (AI) and / or machine learning (ML) for measurement performance, in that that at least some of the measurement results are based on prediction instead of being derived from actual measurements. However, under existing specification, the communication nodes may only be configured to determine measurements results based only actual measurements. Thus, ways to generate measurement results for measurements based on prediction, such as those generated with an AI / ML algorithm, may be desirable.SUMMARY
[0003] This document relates to methods, systems, apparatuses and devices for wireless communication. In some implementations, a method for wireless communication includes: generating, by the user device, one or more filtered measurement results for one or more measurement results based on at least one of: an old measurement result, a current measurement result, or a filtering coefficient, wherein at least one of the one or more measurement results comprises a predicted measurement result; and transmitting, by the user device, a report comprising the one or more filtered measurement results.
[0004] In some other implementations, a method for wireless communication includes: transmitting, by a network device, at least one measurement object configuration and / or at least one filtering configuration; and receiving, by the network device, a report comprising one or more filtered measurement results for one or more measurement results associated with the at least one measurement object configuration and / or the at least one filtering configuration, wherein at least one of the one or more measurement results comprises a predicted measurement result, and wherein the one or more filtered measurement results is generated based on at least one of: an old measurement result, a current measurement result, or a filtering coefficient.
[0005] In some other implementations, a device, such as a network device, is disclosed. The device may include one or more processors and one or more memories, wherein the one or more processors are configured to read computer code from the one or more memories to implement any of the methods above.
[0006] In yet some other implementations, a computer program product is disclosed. The computer program product may include a non-transitory computer-readable program medium with computer code stored thereupon, the computer code, when executed by one or more processors, causing the one or more processors to implement any of the methods above.
[0007] The above and other aspects and their implementations are described in greater detail in the drawings, the descriptions, and the claims.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0008] FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an example of a wireless communication system.
[0009] FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of an example method of wireless communication.
[0010] FIG. 3 shows a flow chart of another example method of wireless communication.
[0011] FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of a measurement model for New Radio (NR) .
[0012] FIG. 5 shows a diagram of an example of a first sub-case for temporal domain measurement prediction.
[0013] FIG. 6 shows a diagram of an example of a second sub-case for temporal domain measurement prediction.
[0014] FIG. 7 shows a diagram of another example of the second sub-case for temporal domain measurement prediction.
[0015] FIG. 8 shows a diagram of an example configuration for a filtering coefficient based on at least one measurement type.
[0016] FIG. 9 is a diagram of an example of an indication in a measurement object configuration indicating an element of a n-th element of a filtering configuration list.
[0017] FIG. 10 is a diagram of an example configuration where each use case on a measurement object (MO) corresponds to a filtering configuration.
[0018] FIG. 11 is a diagram of an example skipping pattern illustrating a correspondence between a number of continuous prediction results and a filtering configuration
[0019] FIG. 12 is a diagram of another example skipping pattern illustrating a correspondence between a number of continuous prediction results and a filtering configuration.
[0020] FIG. 13 shows a diagram of an example signaling structure of a measurement reduction configuration that includes a maximum measurement reduction rate.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] The present description describes various embodiments of systems, apparatuses, devices, and methods for wireless communications related to measurement.
[0022] Fig. 1 shows a diagram of an example wireless communication system 100 including a plurality of communication nodes (or just nodes) that are configured to wirelessly communicate with each other. In general, the communication nodes include at least one user device 102 and at least one network device 104. The example wireless communication system 100 in Fig. 1 is shown as including two user devices 102, including a first user device 102 (1) and a second user device 102 (2) , and one device 104. However, various other examples of the wireless communication system 100 that include any of various combinations of one or more user devices 102 and / or one or more network devices 104 may be possible.
[0023] In general, a user device as described herein, such as the user device 102, may include a single electronic device or apparatus, or multiple (e.g., a network of) electronic devices or apparatuses, capable of communicating wirelessly over a network. A user device may comprise or otherwise be referred to as a user terminal, a user terminal device, or a user equipment (UE) . Additionally, a user device may be or include, but not limited to, a mobile device (such as a mobile phone, a smart phone, a smart watch, a tablet, a laptop computer, vehicle or other vessel (human, motor, or engine-powered, such as an automobile, a plane, a train, a ship, or a bicycle as non-limiting examples) or a fixed or stationary device, (such as a desktop computer or other computing device that is not ordinarily moved for long periods of time, such as appliances, other relatively heavy devices including Internet of things (IoT) , or computing devices used in commercial or industrial environments, as non-limiting examples) . In various embodiments, a user device 102 may include transceiver circuitry 106 coupled to an antenna 108 to effect wireless communication with the network device 104. The transceiver circuitry 106 may also be coupled to a processor 110, which may also be coupled to a memory 112 or other storage device. The memory 112 may store therein instructions or code that, when read and executed by the processor 110, cause the processor 110 to implement various ones of the methods described herein.
[0024] Additionally, in general, a network device as described herein, such as the network device 104, may include a single electronic device or apparatus, or multiple (e.g., a network of) electronic devices or apparatuses, and may comprise one or more wireless access nodes, base stations, or other wireless network access points capable of communicating wirelessly over a network with one or more user devices and / or with one or more other network devices 104. For example, the network device 104 may comprise a 4G LTE base station, a 5G NR base station, a 5G central-unit base station, a 5G distributed-unit base station, a next generation Node B (gNB) , an enhanced Node B (eNB) , or other similar or next-generation (e.g., 6G) base stations, in various embodiments. A network device 104 may include transceiver circuitry 114 coupled to an antenna 116, which may include an antenna tower 118 in various approaches, to effect wireless communication with the user device 102 or another network device 104. The transceiver circuitry 114 may also be coupled to one or more processors 120, which may also be coupled to a memory 122 or other storage device. The memory 122 may store therein instructions or code that, when read and executed by the processor 120, cause the processor 120 to implement one or more of the methods described herein.
[0025] In various embodiments, two communication nodes in the wireless system 100-such as a user device 102 and a network device 104, two user devices 102 without a network device 104, or two network devices 104 without a user device 102-may be configured to wirelessly communicate with each other in or over a mobile network and / or a wireless access network according to one or more standards and / or specifications. In general, the standards and / or specifications may define the rules or procedures under which the communication nodes can wirelessly communicate, which, in various embodiments, may include those for communicating in millimeter (mm) -Wave bands, and / or with multi-antenna schemes and beamforming functions. In addition or alternatively, the standards and / or specifications are those that define a radio access technology and / or a cellular technology, such as Fourth Generation (4G) Long Term Evolution (LTE) , Fifth Generation (5G) New Radio (NR) , or New Radio Unlicensed (NR-U) , as non-limiting examples.
[0026] Additionally, in the wireless system 100, the communication nodes are configured to wirelessly communicate signals between each other. In general, a communication in the wireless system 100 between two communication nodes can be or include a transmission or a reception, and is generally both simultaneously, depending on the perspective of a particular node in the communication. For example, for a given communication between a first node and a second node where the first node is transmitting a signal to the second node and the second node is receiving the signal from the first node, the first node may be referred to as a source or transmitting node or device, the second node may be referred to as a destination or receiving node or device, and the communication may be considered a transmission for the first node and a reception for the second node. Of course, since communication nodes in a wireless system 100 can both send and receive signals, a single communication node may be both a transmitting / source node and a receiving / destination node simultaneously or switch between being a source / transmitting node and a destination / receiving node.
[0027] Also, particular signals can be characterized or defined as either an uplink (UL) signal, a downlink (DL) signal, or a sidelink (SL) signal. An uplink signal is a signal transmitted from a user device 102 to a network device 104. A downlink signal is a signal transmitted from a network device 104 to a user device 102. A sidelink signal is a signal transmitted from a one user device 102 to another user device 102, or a signal transmitted from one network device 104 to another network device 104. Also, for sidelink transmissions, a first / source user device 102 directly transmits a sidelink signal to a second / destination user device 102 without any forwarding of the sidelink signal to a network device 104.
[0028] Additionally, signals communicated between communication nodes in the system 100 may be characterized or defined as a data signal or a control signal. In general, a data signal is a signal that includes or carries data, such multimedia data (e.g., voice and / or image data) , and a control signal is a signal that carries control information that configures the communication nodes in certain ways in order to communicate with each other, or otherwise controls how the communication nodes communicate data signals with each other. Also, certain signals may be defined or characterized by combinations of data / control and uplink / downlink / sidelink, including uplink control signals, uplink data signals, downlink control signals, downlink data signals, sidelink control signals, and sidelink data signals.
[0029] For at least some specifications, such as 5G NR, data and control signals are transmitted and / or carried on physical channels. Generally, a physical channel corresponds to a set of time-frequency resources used for transmission of a signal. Different types of physical channels may be used to transmit different types of signals. For example, physical data channels (or just data channels) , also herein called traffic channels, are used to transmit data signals, and physical control channels (or just control channels) are used to transmit control signals. Example types of traffic channels (or physical data channels) include, but are not limited to, a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) used to communicate downlink data signals, a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) used to communicate uplink data signals, and a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) used to communicate sidelink data signals. In addition, example types of physical control channels include, but are not limited to, a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) used to communicate downlink control signals, a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) used to communicate uplink control signals, and a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) used to communicate sidelink control signals. As used herein for simplicity, unless specified otherwise, a particular type of physical channel is also used to refer to a signal that is transmitted on that particular type of physical channel, and / or a transmission on that particular type of transmission. As an example illustration, a PDSCH refers to the physical downlink shared channel itself, a downlink data signal transmitted on the PDSCH, or a downlink data transmission. Accordingly, a communication node transmitting or receiving a PDSCH means that the communication node is transmitting or receiving a signal on a PDSCH.
[0030] Additionally, for at least some specifications, such as 5G NR, and / or for at least some types of control signals, a control signal that a communication node transmits may include control information comprising the information necessary to enable transmission of one or more data signals between communication nodes, and / or to schedule one or more data channels (or one or more transmissions on data channels) . For example, such control information may include the information necessary for proper reception, decoding, and demodulation of a data signals received on physical data channels during a data transmission, and / or for uplink scheduling grants that inform the user device about the resources and transport format to use for uplink data transmissions. In some embodiments, the control information includes downlink control information (DCI) that is transmitted in the downlink direction from a network device 104 to a user device 102. In other embodiments, the control information includes uplink control information (UCI) that is transmitted in the uplink direction from a user device 102 to a network device 104, or sidelink control information (SCI) that is transmitted in the sidelink direction from one user device 102 (1) to another user device 102 (2) .
[0031] Additionally, for some implementations for wireless communication, the network device 104 and the user device 102 may use time resources and frequency resources, or time-frequency resources, to communicate channels or signals. A time resource may include one or more units of time. A unit of time may include a slot or a symbol, such as an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol. A frequency resource may include a range or a band of frequencies. In particular embodiments, a set of time-frequency resources may extend over one time unit in the time domain and an active bandwidth part (BWP) in the frequency domain. Also, a given set of time-frequency resources may have a certain type for wireless communication, including a downlink (DL) type, an uplink (UL) type, or a flexible (F) type. A given set of time-frequency resources having the DL type means that those time-frequency resources are designated or configured for one or more DL transmissions. Also, a given set of time-frequency resources having the UL type means that those time-frequency resources are designated or configured for one or more UL transmissions. Also, as used herein, the term “flexible” as used for time and / or frequency resources, refers to that the user device 102 may not make any assumptions as to the uplink or downlink transmission direction for that time or frequency resource. The user device 102 may transmit in the UL direction or receive in the DL direction on or in a given flexible time or frequency resource, depending on scheduling or a configuration, such as determined by the network device 104. Accordingly, resources in a downlink slot or symbol (D) may be used for downlink communication, resources in an uplink slot or symbol (U) may be used for uplink communication, and resources in a flexible (F) slot or symbol may be changed or set to downlink (DL) or uplink (UL) and / or dynamically indicated as DL or UL.
[0032] Fig. 2 is a flow chart of an example method 200 for wireless communication related to measurement. At block 202, a user device 102 generates one or more filtered measurement results for one or more measurement results based on at least one of: an old measurement result, a current measurement result, or a filtering coefficient. At least one of the one or more measurement results includes a predicted measurement result. Also, in some implementations, at block 202, the user device 102 generates the one or more measurement results. In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, at block 202, the user device 102 receives at least one measurement object configuration and / or at least one filtering configuration, such as from a network device 104. In, turn, the user device 102 may generate the one or more measurement results based on, and / or the one or more measurement results may be otherwise associated with, the at least one measurement object configuration and / or the at least one filtering configuration. At block 204, the user device 102 transmits a report including the one or more filtered measurement results.
[0033] Fig. 3 is a flow chart of another example method 300 for wireless communication related to measurement. At block 302, a network device 104 transmits at least one measurement object configuration and / or at least one filtering configuration. At block 304, the network device 104 receives a report including one or more filtered measurement results for one or more measurement results associated with the at least one measurement object configuration and / or the at least one filtering configuration, wherein at least one of the one or more measurement results includes a predicted measurement result, and wherein the one or more filtered measurement results is generated based on at least one of: an old measurement result, a current measurement result, or a filtering coefficient.
[0034] In some implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300, the one or more filtered measurement results is generated based on the current measurement result, and the current measurement result includes a measurement result of a latest prediction.
[0035] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300, the one or more filtered measurement results is generated based on the old measurement result, where the old measurement result includes an old filtered measurement result from an actual measurement or a predicted measurement.
[0036] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300, the old measurement result includes an old filtered measurement result, and: the user device 102 generates the one or more filtered measurement results based on the old filtered measurement result in response to the old filtered measurement result being from an actual measurement, and / or the user device 102 does not generate the one or more filtered measurement results based on the old filtered measurement result in response to the old filtered measurement result being from a predicted measurement.
[0037] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300, the old measurement result includes an old filtered measurement result, and the user device 102 generates the one or more filtered measurement results based on the old filtered measurement result in response to at least one of: the old filtered measurement result is from an actual measurement; the old filtered measurement result is from a predicted measurement, and one or more of: a time difference between a last actual measurement and a current measurement on a same measurement object (MO) is less than or equal to a first threshold; a number of continuous prediction results is less than or equal to a second threshold; a prediction window length is less than or equal to a third threshold.
[0038] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300, the old measurement result includes an old filtered measurement result, and the user device 102 does not generate the one or more filtered measurement results based on the old filtered measurement result in response to: the old filtered measurement result is from a predicted measurement, and one or more of: a time difference between a last actual measurement and a current measurement on a same measurement object (MO) is larger than or equal to a first threshold; a number of continuous prediction results is larger than or equal to a second threshold; or a prediction window length is larger than or equal to a third threshold.
[0039] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300, the user device 102 receives and / or the network device 104 transmits a plurality of filtering configuration sets, wherein each filtering configuration set indicates a list of one or more filtering configurations.
[0040] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300, at least one of one or more filtering configurations includes at least one of: a filtering coefficient for a reference signal received power (RSRP) of a synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel block (SSB) and / or a RSRP of a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) of a beam and / or a cell; a filtering coefficient for a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) of a SSB and / or a RSRQ of a CSI-RS of a beam and / or a cell; or a filtering coefficient for a signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) of a SSB and / or a SINR of a CSI-RS of a beam and / or a cell.
[0041] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300, for a plurality of measurement objects (MO) , each MO corresponds to a respective one of a plurality of filtering configuration sets.
[0042] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300, the network device 104 transmits an indication for the user device 102 to determine which of a plurality of filtering configuration sets to use for one measurement object (MO) , and / or the user device 102 receives the indication and determines which of the plurality of filtering configuration sets to use for one MO based on the indication.
[0043] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300, for one of a plurality of filtering configuration sets, the user device 102 determines which filtering configuration to use based on at least one of: a network indication; a time difference between a last actual measurement and a current measurement on a same measurement object (MO) ; a number of continuous prediction results on the same MO; or a prediction window length.
[0044] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300, the user device 102 transmits and / or the network devices 104 receives a report of information of a selected filtering coefficient.
[0045] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300, the user device 102 transmits and / or the network device 104 receives a report of information of a selected filtering coefficient via at least one of: radio resource control (RRC) signaling, a medium access control control element (MAC CE) , or uplink control information (UCI) .
[0046] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300, the user device 102 transmits and / or the network device 104 receives a report of information of a selected filtering coefficient when: the user device 102 transmits a measurement report for a first time since an artificial intelligence or machine learning (AI / ML) measurement configuration is sent from the network device 104; and / or the selected filtering coefficient is changed compared to a last time that the user device 102 reported the information of the selected filtering coefficient.
[0047] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300, the user device 102 receives and / or the network device 104 transmits configuration information that includes at least one of: an indication that a measurement reduction is allowed or expected; a measurement reduction rate; a maximum measurement reduction rate; a minimum measurement reduction rate; a measurement reduction rate range; a measurement reduction rate list; a minimum allowed prediction accuracy; or a threshold to enable a measurement reduction feature.
[0048] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300, when the configuration information includes the measurement reduction rate, and when the user device 102 performs measurement reduction according to a measurement reduction rate, the user device 102 always uses the measurement reduction rate included in the configuration information from the network device 104.
[0049] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300, when the configuration information includes the maximum measurement reduction rate, the user device 102 uses a measurement reduction rate that does not exceed the maximum measurement reduction rate.
[0050] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300, when the configuration information includes the minimum measurement reduction rate, the user device 102 uses a measurement reduction rate that is larger than or equal to the minimum measurement reduction rate.
[0051] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300, when the configuration information includes the measurement reduction rate range, the user device 102 uses a measurement reduction rate that falls in measurement reduction rate range. In some of these implementations, the measurement reduction rate range is indicated by at least one of: a minimum value, a maximum value, or a length.
[0052] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300, when the configuration information includes the measurement reduction rate list, the user device 102 determines which of a plurality of measurement reduction rates in the measurement reduction rate list to use based on one or more cell results or a network indication.
[0053] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300, when the user device 102 determines which of a plurality of measurement reduction rates to use based on one or more cell results, each of the plurality of measurement reduction rates corresponds to a respective one of a plurality of measurement reduction rate ranges.
[0054] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300, one or more of a plurality of measurement reduction rate ranges is pre-defined or configured by the network device 104.
[0055] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300, when the user device 102 determines which of a plurality of measurement reduction rates to use based on a network indication, the network indication indicates an index of a selected measurement reduction rate in a measurement reduction rate list.
[0056] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300, the network indication is communicated between the user device 102 and the network device via radio resource control (RRC) signaling, a medium access control control element (MAC CE) or downlink control information (DCI) .
[0057] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300, when the configuration information includes the minimum allowed prediction accuracy, and when an actual prediction accuracy is lower than a minimum allowed prediction accuracy, the user device 102 at least one of: modifies an adopted skipping pattern; requests the network device 104 to modify the adopted skipping pattern; disables a feature of artificial intelligence or machine learning (AI / ML) -based measurement; or requests the network device 104 to disable the feature of the AI / ML-based measurement.
[0058] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300, when the configuration information includes a threshold to enable the measurement reduction feature, the threshold is used for a cell result, and the measurement reduction feature is enabled when the cell result is above the threshold. In some of these implementations, the cell result is of a serving cell, and when the cell result of the serving cell is above the threshold, the measurement reduction feature is enabled for both the serving cell and neighbor cell (s) of the serving cell. In addition or alternatively, in some of these implementations, the threshold is pre-defined or configured by the network device 104.
[0059] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300, the user device 102 transmits and / or the network device 104 receives at least one of: a supported maximum measurement reduction rate in a time domain, and / or a first prediction accuracy corresponding to the supported maximum measurement reduction rate in the time domain; a supported maximum measurement reduction rate in a spatial domain, and / or a second prediction accuracy corresponding to the supported maximum measurement reduction rate in the spatial domain; a supported minimum measurement reduction rate in a time domain, and / or a third prediction accuracy corresponding to the supported minimum measurement reduction rate in the time domain; a supported minimum measurement reduction rate in a spatial domain, and / or a fourth prediction accuracy corresponding to the supported minimum measurement reduction rate on the spatial domain; a list of one or more supported measurement reduction rates in a time domain, and / or one or more fifth prediction accuracies each corresponding a respective one of the one or more supported measurement reduction rates in the time domain in the list; a list of one or more supported measurement reduction rate in a spatial domain, and / or one or more sixth prediction accuracies each corresponding to a respective one of the one or more supported measurement reduction rate in the spatial domain in the list. In some of these implementations, at least one of the first prediction accuracy, the second prediction accuracy, the third prediction accuracy, the fourth prediction accuracy, the one or more fifth prediction accuracies, or the one or more sixth prediction accuracies is indicated via an average difference between a first measurement result from an actual measurement and a second measurement result from a predicted measurement, and / or each of the first and second measurement results comprises at least one of: reference signal received power (RSRP) , reference signal received quality (RSRQ) , or signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) .
[0060] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300, the user device 102 receives and / or the network device 104 transmits an indication of at least one use case to use, wherein the at least one use case includes at least one of: temporal domain measurement prediction, spatial domain measurement prediction, or frequency domain measurement prediction.
[0061] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300, the user device 102 determines a skipping pattern that indicates how to generate the one or more measurement results, and / or the network device 104 includes the skipping pattern in a measurement object configuration.
[0062] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300, the user device 102 receives and / or the network device 104 transmits an indication of a skipping pattern that indicates how to generate the one or more measurement results. In some of these implementations, information of the skipping pattern is indicated via at least one of: for temporal domain prediction, a number of continuous actual results, a number of predicted results, and / or a number of predicted results that will be actually measured; for temporal domain prediction, a prediction window length and / or an observation window length; or for spatial domain prediction, a list of one or more beams for actual measurement and / or a list of one or more beams for predicted measurement.
[0063] Other methods and / or other implementations of the method 200 and / or the method 300 are possible, including but not limited to those that combine one or more aspects from each of two or more of the methods 200 and 300 and / or those that include fewer than all of the aspects for an above recited implementation of the method 200 and / or 300.
[0064] Further details of actions performed by communication nodes in the wireless communication system 100, any or all of which may be implemented in any of various implementations of the method 200, the method 300, and / or other methods, are now described.
[0065] In some implementations of the wireless communication system 100, a user device 102 may be configured by the network device 104 to perform a measurement on each measurement object, and report results of the measurements (i.e., measurement results) , such as to the network device 104. In some implementations, whether the user device 102 reports the measurement results may depend on whether a triggering criteria is met or satisfied. Based on the reported measurement results, the network device 104 may take some action. For example, the network device 104 may switch the user device 102 to a new cell, update certain network configurations (e.g., add, release, or modify secondary cell (s) (SCell (s) ) , or update an activated transmission configuration indication (TCI) state, as non-limiting examples) in order to improve coverage and / or service for the user device 102. Fig. 4 shows a block diagram of a measurement model for NR, which may be utilized in some implementations of the wireless communication system 100.
[0066] Additionally, in some measurement implementations, such as in accordance with the model in Fig. 4 for example, a user device 102 may measure multiple beams from one cell, and then may derive cell results and beam results based on Layer 1 (L1) filtered beam results. Then, the user device 102 may perform Layer 3 (L3) filtering on the cell results and the beam results, which may increase robustness.
[0067] In some implementations, the user device 102 may perform filtering of measurement results, such as for evaluation of a reporting criteria and / or for measurement reporting, according to the following mathematical formula: Fn = (1 - a) *Fn-1 + a*Mn, where Mn is a latest received measurement result from the physical (PHY) layer; Fn is an updated filtered measurement result that is used for evaluation of a reporting criteria and / or for measurement reporting; and Fn-1 is an old filtered measurement result, where F0 is set to M1 when the first measurement result from the physical layer is received. In some implementations, such as under the NR specification, for MeasObjectNR, a = 1 / 2 (ki / 4) , where ki is the filterCoefficient for the corresponding measurement quantity of the i: th QuantityConfigNR in quantityConfigNR-List, and i is indicated by quantityConfigIndex in MeasObjectNR; for other measurements, a = 1 / 2 (k / 4) , where k is the filterCoefficient for the corresponding measurement quantity received by the quantityConfig; for UTRA-FDD, a = 1 / 2 (k / 4) , where k is the filterCoefficient for the corresponding measurement quantity received by quantityConfigUTRA-FDD in the QuantityConfig.
[0068] In the filtering scheme described above, all measurement results are derived or generated from actual measurements. In this way, the network device 104 and / or the user device 102 may only perceive a radio channel quality change after a change has occurred. In some scenarios (e.g., a high-speed scenario) , the network device 104 may not know the channel quality change in sufficient time, which may result in a handover failure or a radio link failure.
[0069] Some implementations may implement artificial intelligence (AI) and / or machine learning (ML) (e.g., an AI algorithm and / or AI mobility) in order to proactively identify channel quality change to, in turn, reduce and / or minimize the likelihood of a handover failure and / or a radio link failure. In some of these implementations, the user device 102 and / or the network device 104 may predict measurement results for a future time or time period via an AI model and / or an ML model. Through use of the predicted measurement resulted, measurements may be taken in advance to avoid unexpected events. Also, as used herein unless expressly described otherwise, the terms artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are used interchangeably, such that terms and phrasing used herein including “AI” , “ML” , “AI and / or ML” and “AI / ML” generally mean the same each other to cover both artificial intelligence and machine learning based technology and / or functionality.
[0070] Additionally, measurement prediction, such as through use of one or more AI / ML models, may be applied to one or more uses cases. One use case is temporal domain measurement prediction, which itself may be separated into two sub-cases. Fig. 5 shows a diagram of an example of a first sub-case for temporal domain measurement prediction. In the first case (which may also be referred to herein as Case A) , continuous measurement results may be predicted in a prediction window by continuous historical measurement result (s) in an observation window. Then, the observation window and the prediction window may slide forward, where the measurement results are actually measured before sliding. In this way, the network device 104 and / or the user device 102 may perceive the measurement results in the future.
[0071] In a second sub-case for temporal domain measurement prediction, measurement consumption may be reduced via an AI algorithm. Fig. 6 shows a diagram of an example of a second sub-case for temporal domain measurement prediction (which may also be referred to herein as Case B) . In the second sub-case as shown in Fig. 6, measurement results in a prediction window may be predicted by historical measurement results in an observation window. Then, the observation window and the prediction window slide forward, and the measurement results in the previous prediction window are skipped during window sliding. In the example in Fig. 6, the measurement results at time instance 4 may be predicted based on the measurement results at time instances 1 and 3, and then the user device 102 may not perform an actual measurement at the time instance 4.
[0072] Other use cases include spatial domain measurement prediction and frequency domain measurement prediction. Spatial domain measurement prediction may be used to predict cell results and / or all beam results based on part of the beam results. Frequency domain measurement prediction may be used to predict the measurement results in one frequency based on the measurement results in another frequency.
[0073] Accordingly, through utilization of AI / ML (e.g., AI mobility) , at least one of the measurement results are from prediction. However, the filtering schemes described above are for situations where all of the measurement results are from actual measurements. The following describes various ways to perform filtering and / or measurement reduction when some or all of measurement results are from prediction, such as when AI mobility is utilized.
[0074] In some implementations, measurements with, or based on, AI prediction may include performing filtering based on one or more current measurement results, one or more old measurement results, and / or one or more filtering coefficients. As used herein, the term “old” is used to refer to an item (e.g., a measurement result) that was determined or generated, or is otherwise associated with, a point in time occurring before a current time, such as a current time as recognized by a communication node (e.g., a user device 102 or a network device 104) performing a certain action (e.g., measurement result generation or filtering) using the “old” item.
[0075] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, a communication node (e.g., a user device 102 or a network device 104) performing measurement with AI prediction may performing filtering using the following mathematical formula: Fn = (1 - a) *Fn-1 + a*Mn, where Fn is an updated filtered result; Fn-1 is an old measurement result; Mn is a current measurement result; and a is a value that may be indicated and / or calculated by or based on the filtering coefficient.
[0076] 1. Current measurement result.
[0077] In some implementations, a current measurement result is or includes at least one of: a measurement result from a latest actual measurement, or a measurement result from a latest prediction. In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, a current measurement result is an L1 filtered measurement result.
[0078] 2. Old measurement result
[0079] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, an old measurement result may or may not be or include an old filtered measurement result in accordance with one or more of the following schemes. In a first scheme, an old measurement result may be or include an old filtered measurement result, irrespective of whether the measurement results are from actual measurements or predictions. In a second scheme, an old measurement result is or includes an old filtered measurement result from an actual measurement. In a third scheme, an old measurement result is or includes an old filtered measurement result if, or in event that, the old filtered measurement result is from an actual measurement. Otherwise, filtering may not be based on an old measurement result. In a fourth scheme, the old measurement result is an old filtered measurement result if, or in event that, one or more the following criterion is met or satisfied. A first criterion is that the old filtered measurement result is from an actual measurement. A second criterion is that the old filtered measurement result is from prediction, and one or more of the following criterion is met or satisfied: a time difference between a last actual measurement and a current measurement on the same measurement object (MO) is shorter than and / or equal to a threshold; a number of continuous prediction results is shorter than or equal to a threshold; and / or a prediction window length is shorter than or equal to a threshold. Otherwise, filtering may not be based on an old measurement result if none of the first or second criterion are met or satisfied.
[0080] In addition, in some of the above implementations using a threshold, the threshold may be pre-defined or may be configured by the network device 104. In some the latter implementations, the network device 104 may configure the threshold via radio resource control (RRC) signaling, a medium access control control element (MAC CE) , and / or downlink control information. In som other of the latter implementations, the network device 104 may provide a list of thresholds, such as via RRC signaling, and may further indicate which one to use, such as via RRC signaling, a MAC CE, and / or a DCI. In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, a granularity of the threshold is on the user device level (i.e., per user device) , on the measurement object (MO) level (i.e., per MO) , and / or on the use case level (i.e., per use case) . In one example, each MO corresponds to one threshold. . In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, which scheme to use may be pre-defined or may be indicated by the network device 104. In some of these implementations, the indication from the network device 104 is on the level of the user device 102 (i.e., per user device) , on the MO level (i.e., per MO) , and / or on the use case level (i.e., per use case) . In addition or alternatively, in some of these implementations, the indication is carried or communicated via RRC signaling, a MAC CE, or a DCI.
[0081] Fig. 7 shows a diagram of another example of a second sub-case for temporal domain measurement prediction (Case B) . The example in Fig. 7 illustrates a possible skipping pattern, which indicates which time instance (s) to perform actual measurement and which time instance (s) to perform prediction. As shown in Fig. 7, the measurement results at time instances 9-12 are predicted based on the actual measurement results at time instances 1, 2, 7 and 8. Also, a user device 102 may perform actual measurements at time instances 13 and 14. After that, the prediction window and the observation window may slide forward for six time instances, and the measurement results at time instances 15-18 are predicted based on the measurement results at time instances 7, 8, 13 and 14. This cycle may repeat.
[0082] In furtherance of the example in Fig. 7, the L3 filtered measurement result at time instance 7 may depend on one or more of the above-identified schemes. For implementations where the first scheme is used, the L3 filtered measurement result at time instance 7 may be based on the L1 filtered result at time instance 7 and the L3 filtered result at time instance 6. For implementations where the second scheme is used, the L3 filtered measurement result at time instance 7 may be based on the L1 filtered result at time instance 7 and the L3 filtered result at time instance 2. For implementations where the third scheme is used, the L3 filtered measurement result at time instance 7 may be based on the L1 filtered result at time instance 7 only. For implementations where the fourth scheme is used, if, or in event that, the number of continuous prediction results (4) is less than a threshold, the L3 filtered measurement result at time instance 7 is based on the L1 filtered result at time instance 7 and the L3 filtered result at time instance 2. If the number of continuous prediction results (4) is greater than the threshold, the L3 filtered measurement result at time instance 7 is based on the L1 filtered results at time instance 7 only.
[0083] Further, in the example, for time instance 8, since the latest L3 filtered measurement results are from an actual measurement, the L3 filtered measurement results at time instance 8 may be derived based on the received measurement result from the physical layer at time instance 8 and L3 filtered measurement results at time instance 7 using any of schemes 1-4.
[0084] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the network device 104 may configure one or more filtering coefficients for measurement with AI prediction and / or may indicate the one or more filtering coefficients to the user device 102. In some of these implementations, the network device 104 may indicate the one or more filtering coefficients using one or more of the following schemes.
[0085] In a first scheme, the network device 104 may configure and / or indicate a list of one or more filtering configurations to a user deice 102. In some implementations of the first scheme, one filtering configuration may indicate and / or include one or more of the following: a filtering coefficient for a reference signal received power (RSRP) of a synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel block (SSB) and / or a RSRP of a channel state information (CSI) -reference signal (RS) of a beam and / or a cell; a filtering coefficient for a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) of a SSB and / or a RSRQ of a CSI-RSRQ of a beam and / or a cell; or a filtering coefficient for a signal to interference plus noise ration (SINR) of a SSB and / or a SINR of a CSI of a beam and / or a cell.
[0086] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, for one filtering configuration, the user device 102 may determine which filtering coefficient is used based on at least one measurement type, e.g., the measurement is for a cell or a beam; the measurement is for a SSB or a CSI-RS; and / or the measurement is for RSRP, RSRQ, or SINR. Fig. 8 shows a diagram of an example configuration for a filtering coefficient based on at least one measurement type.
[0087] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, each measurement object (MO) may corresponds to one filtering configuration. In some of these implementations, the correspondence may be indicated via network indication. In addition or alternatively, in some of these implementations, the indication can be carried and / or communicated by RRC signaling, a MAC CE, and / or a DCI. In addition or alternatively, in some of these implementations, the indication is included in a measurement object configuration, and indicates an n-th element of filtering configuration list. Fig. 9 is a diagram of an example of an indication in a measurement object configuration indicating an element of a n-th element of a filtering configuration list.
[0088] In a second scheme, the network device 104 may configure and / or indicate a list of one or more filtering configuration sets to the user device 102. In some implementations of the second scheme, each filtering configuration set indicates a list of one or more filtering configurations. In addition or alternatively, in some implementations of the second scheme, each MO corresponds to a filtering configuration set. In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the user device 102 may determine which filtering configuration set to use for one MO based on a network indication from the network device 104. In some of these implementations, the network indication may be carried or communicated via RRC signaling, a MAC CE, or DCI. In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the indication is included in the measurement object configuration.
[0089] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, for one filtering configuration set, the user device 102 may determine which filtering configuration is used, or to use, based on one or more of the following: a network indication, a time difference between a last actual measurement and a current measurement on the same MO, a number of continuous prediction results on the same MO, or a prediction window length.
[0090] In further detail, in some implementations where the filtering configuration is determined based on a network indication, the indication may be carried via RRC signaling, a MAC CE, or DCI. In addition or alternatively, the granularity of the indication is on a MO level (i.e., per MO) , on a use case level (i.e., per use case) , and / or on a cell level (i.e., per cell) . In one example is as below: each use case on the MO corresponds to a filtering configuration. Fig. 10 is a diagram of an example configuration where each use case on a measurement object (MO) corresponds to a filtering configuration.
[0091] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations where a time difference between last actual measurement and current measurement on the same MO is used to determine which filtering configuration to use, if the time difference belongs to, or falls within, a first range (e.g. 0-400 ms) , a first filtering configuration in the filtering configuration set is used; if the time difference belongs to, or falls within a second range (e.g., 400-800 ms) a second filtering configuration is used; and so on. In some of these implementations, each range is pre-defined or indicated by the network device 104. In addition or alternatively, in some of these implementations, the range information may be indicated by an interval and / or a list of range of information. In some implementations where an interval is used, an n-th range is from (n-1) *interval to n*interval. A particular example is that the interval is 200 ms in FR1, and / or 400 ms in FR2. In addition or alternatively, in some implementations where a list of range information is used, the range information may include upper boundary information, length information, and / or the lower boundary information.
[0092] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the number of continuous prediction results on the same MO is used to determine which filtering configuration to use. For example, if the number of continuous prediction results is one, the first filtering configuration is used; if the number of continuous prediction result is 2, the second filtering configuration is used, and so on.
[0093] Fig. 11 is a diagram of an example skipping pattern illustrating a correspondence between a number of continuous prediction results and a filtering configuration. In the example in Fig. 11, the number of continuous prediction results is one, and in turn, the first filtering configuration of the filtering configuration set is used.
[0094] Fig. 12 is a diagram of another example skipping pattern illustrating a correspondence between a number of continuous prediction results and a filtering configuration. In the example in Fig. 12, the number of continuous prediction result is two, and in turn, the second filtering configuration of the filtering configuration set is used.
[0095] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the prediction window length is used to determine which filtering configuration to use. For example, if the prediction window length belongs to, or falls within, a first range, the first filtering configuration is used; if the prediction window length belongs to, or falls within, a second range, the second filtering configuration is used, and so on. In some of these implementations, each of the ranges is pre-defined or indicated by the network device 104. In addition or alternatively, the range information may be indicated by an interval or a list of range information. In some implementations where an interval is used, the n-th range is from (n-1) *interval to n*interval. In addition or alternatively, in an example where an interval is used, the interval is 200 ms in FR1, and / or 400 ms in FR2. In addition or alternatively, in some implementations where a list of range information is used, the range information may include upper boundary information, length information, and / or lower boundary information.
[0096] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the user device 102 may report selected filtering coefficient information to the network device 104, such as via RRC signaling, a MAC CE, and / or UCI. In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, adopted filtering coefficient information may be indicated via a selected filtering configuration index. In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, a reported filtering coefficient may be carried in the RRCreconfigurationComplete or UEAssistanceInforamtion or MeasurementReport message. In addition or alternatively, the user device 102 may report the selected filtering coefficient information to the network device 104 when: the measurement report is transmitted at a first time since an AI measurement configuration is sent, or the selected filtering coefficient is changed compared to the last time that the user device 102 reported the selected filtering coefficient.
[0097] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, what the user device 102 is to use to determine which filtering configuration to use may be pre-defined or may be indicated by the network device 104. In some implementations where the network device 104 provides the indication, the indication may be communicated via RRC signaling, a MAC CE, and / or DCI.
[0098] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the filtering coefficient for measurement with AI prediction is used when one or more the following criterion is met or satisfied: one or more latest L3 filtered measurement results are from prediction; or AI prediction is performed on the measurement object, frequency, or cell, irrespective of whether the latest L3 filtered measurement results are from prediction or from actual measurement.
[0099] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the filtering coefficient configuration for measurement with AI prediction may be carried or communicated in a RRC reconfiguration (e.g., RRCReconfiguration) message and / or a RRC resume (e.g., RRCResume) message. In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the filtering coefficient configuration is carried or communicated in the QuantityConfig provided in the MeasConfig.
[0100] The following provides example computer code for an example signaling structure of the above-described second scheme, where the network device 104 may configure and / or indicate a list of one or more filtering configuration sets to the user device 102.
[0101] maxNrofContPred: maximum number of continuous prediction results.
[0102] The following provides computer code of another example signaling structure of the above-described second scheme, where the network device 104 may configure and / or indicate a list of one or more filtering configuration sets to the user device 102.
[0103] Measurement reduction management for AI mobility
[0104] Additionally, in some implementations, with some use cases (e.g., temporal domain measurement prediction or spatial domain measurement prediction) , the measurement overhead may be reduced. The measurement reduction may be evaluated via a measurement reduction rate. In some implementations, the measurement reduction rate in time domain (MRRT) is mathematically defined as skipped measurement time instances / total measurement time instances, or the skipped measurement number / total measurement number. In some implementations, the measurement reduction rate in the spatial domain may be mathematically defined as: skipped beams to be measured / total beams to be measured.
[0105] Additionally, in some implementations, for the measurement reduction management, the network device 104 may send the following one or more configurations to the user device 102.
[0106] An indication to indicate that the measurement reduction is allowed and / or expected.
[0107] A measurement reduction rate. In some implementations, when the user device 102 performs measurement reduction, the user device 102 may only use the measurement reduction rate configured or indicated by the network device 104.
[0108] A maximum measurement reduction rate. In some implementations, the user device 102 may use a measurement reduction rate that does not, or as long as it does not, exceed the maximum measurement reduction rate (maximum value) . In some of these implementations, the measurement reduction rate that the user device 102 uses is dependent on user device implementation.
[0109] A minimum measurement reduction rate. In some implementations, the user device 102 may use a measurement reduction rate that is larger than, or as long as it is larger than, the minimum measurement reduction rate (the minimum value) to perform measurement reduction. In some of these implementations, the measurement reduction rate that the user device 102 uses is dependent on user device implementation.
[0110] A measurement reduction rate range. In some implementations, the user device 102 may use a measurement reduction rate that belongs to, or falls within, the measurement reduction rate range. In some of these implementations, the measurement reduction rate that the user device 102 uses is dependent on user device implementation. In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the measurement reduction rate range is indicated by a minimum value, a maximum value, and / or a length of the measurement reduction rate range.
[0111] A measurement reduction rate list. In some implementations, the user device 102 may determine which measurement reduction rate is used for measurement reduction based on cell results or a network indication. In some implementations, when using cell results, when determining which measurement reduction rate is used based on cell results, if the measurement results belong to, or fall within, a first range, a first measurement reduction rate is used; if the measurement results belong, or fall within, a second range, a second measurement reduction rate is used, and so on. In some of these implementations, each of the ranges is pre-defined or configured by the network device 104. Also, in some implementations, when using a network indication, the network device 104 may indicate an index of the selected measurement reduction rate in the list. In addition or alternatively, in some of these implementations, the indication may be carried or communicated via RRC signaling, a MAC CE, or a DCI.
[0112] A minimum allowed prediction accuracy. In some of these implementations, if an actual prediction accuracy is lower than the minimum allowed prediction accuracy, the user device 102 may take one or more the following actions. The user device 102 may modify an adopted skipping pattern, such as by considering a smaller measurement reduction rate and / or a shorter prediction window length. The user device 102 may request the network device 104 to modify a skipping pattern. The user device 102 may disable a feature of AI / ML-based measurement (or measurement with AI prediction) . The user device 102 may request the network device 104 to disable the feature of AI / ML-based measurement (or measurement with AI prediction) .
[0113] A threshold to enable the measurement reduction feature. In some of these implementations, the measurement reduction feature is enabled only when cell results are above a threshold. In one example, when a cell result of a serving cell is above the threshold, the measurement reduction feature is enabled for both the serving cell and neighbor cell (s) . In addition or alternatively, in some of these implementations, the threshold is pre-defined or configured by the network device 104.
[0114] Also, in any of various implementations, one or more of the above-listed configurations may be sent or carried via RRC signaling, a MAC CE, and / or DCI.
[0115] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, a granularity of the above-listed configurations is on the user device level (i.e., per user device) , on the MO level (i.e., per MO) , on the use case level (i.e., per use case) , and / or on the cell level (i.e., per cell) . In one example, each measurement object (MO) may correspond to one measurement reduction configuration. FIG. 13 shows a diagram of an example signaling structure of a measurement reduction configuration that includes a maximum measurement reduction rate.
[0116] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, in order to avoid trying to utilize a measurement reduction configuration that exceeds a capability of a user device 102, the user device 102 may report at least one of the following information to the network device 104.
[0117] A supported maximum measurement reduction rate in the time domain, and / or a corresponding prediction accuracy.
[0118] A supported maximum measurement reduction rate in the spatial domain, and / or the corresponding prediction accuracy.
[0119] A supported minimum measurement reduction rate in the time domain, and / or a corresponding prediction accuracy.
[0120] A supported minimum measurement reduction rate in the spatial domain, and / or a corresponding prediction accuracy.
[0121] A list of supported measurement reduction rate (s) in the time domain, and / or one or more corresponding prediction accuracies each corresponding to a respective one of the measurement reduction rate (s) in the list.
[0122] A list of supported measurement reduction rate (s) in the spatial domain, and / or one or more corresponding prediction accuracies each corresponding to a respective one of the measurement reduction rate (s) in the list.
[0123] In some implementations, any of the above mentioned corresponding prediction accuracies may be indicated via an average difference between one or more measurement results from one or more actual measurements and one or more measurement results from one or more predictions, or a rate between one or more measurement results from one or more actual measurements and one or more measurement results from one or more predictions. In some of these implementations, the measurement result (s) may be RSRP, RSRQ, and / or SINR.
[0124] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the above-listed information may be reported from the user device 102 to the network device 104. In some of these implementations, the information may be reported via user device capability reporting. In some other of these implementations, the network device 104 may send request for the user device 102 to report the information related to measurement reduction. In response to the request, the user device 102 may send the corresponding information to the network device 104.
[0125] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, measurement reduction may be implemented if one or more the following criterion is met or satisfied: the network device 104 indicates that measurement reduction is allowed; the measurement results of a serving cell are larger than a threshold; the measurement results of a cell for prediction is larger than a threshold; or the user device 102 is not at the cell edge.
[0126] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, in order to achieve the goal of measurement reduction, the network device 104 may indicate which use case (s) to use to the user device 102. In some of these implementations, the indication may be made via RRC signaling, a MAC CE, and / or DCI. In addition or alternatively, in some of these implementations, if more than one use case is indicated, the user device 102 may determine which one use case to use. In some other implementations, the user device 102 may determine which use case to use, such as without receipt of an indication from the network device 104.
[0127] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the user device 102 may determine a skipping pattern. In some other implementations, the skipping pattern is configured and / or indicated by the network device 104. In some of these other implementations, the skipping pattern information may be indicated via one or more the following. For temporal domain prediction, the network device 104 may indicate, to the user device 102, a number of continuous actual results, a number of prediction results, and / or a number of prediction result that will be actually measured. In addition or alternatively, for temporal domain prediction, the network device 104 may indicate a prediction window length and / or an observation window length to the user device 102. In addition or alternatively, for spatial domain prediction, the network device 104 may indicate a list of beams for actual measurement and a list of beams for prediction to the user device 102. In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the skipping pattern information may be carried or communicated via RRC signaling, a MAC CE, or DCI. In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, more than one skipping pattern may be configured by the network device 104 via RRC signaling, and the network device 104 may further indicate which one to use via a MAC CE or DCI.
[0128] In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the user device 102 may report a selected use case, a measurement reduction rate, and / or a skipping pattern to the network device 104 when one or more the following criterion is met or satisfied: the selected use case, measurement reduction rate, and / or skipping pattern information is sent for the first time since being configured by the network device 104; and / or the selected use case, measurement reduction rate information, and / or skipping pattern has changed compared to the last time that the user device 102 reported this information. In addition or alternatively, in some implementations, the reported measurement reduction information can be carried in a RRC reconfiguration complete (e.g., RRCReconfigurationComplete) , a UE assistance information (e.g., UEAssistanceInformation) message, or a measurement report (e.g., MeasurementReport) message.
[0129] The description and accompanying drawings above provide specific example embodiments and implementations. The described subject matter may, however, be embodied in a variety of different forms and, therefore, covered or claimed subject matter is intended to be construed as not being limited to any example embodiments set forth herein. A reasonably broad scope for claimed or covered subject matter is intended. Among other things, for example, subject matter may be embodied as methods, devices, components, systems, or non-transitory computer-readable media for storing computer codes. Accordingly, embodiments may, for example, take the form of hardware, software, firmware, storage media or any combination thereof. For example, the method embodiments described above may be implemented by components, devices, or systems including memory and processors by executing computer codes stored in the memory.
[0130] Throughout the specification and claims, terms may have nuanced meanings suggested or implied in context beyond an explicitly stated meaning. Likewise, the phrase “in one embodiment / implementation” as used herein does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment and the phrase “in another embodiment / implementation” as used herein does not necessarily refer to a different embodiment. It is intended, for example, that claimed subject matter includes combinations of example embodiments in whole or in part.
[0131] In general, terminology may be understood at least in part from usage in context. For example, terms, such as “and” , “or” , or “and / or, ” as used herein may include a variety of meanings that may depend at least in part on the context in which such terms are used. Typically, “or” if used to associate a list, such as A, B or C, is intended to mean A, B, and C, here used in the inclusive sense, as well as A, B or C, here used in the exclusive sense. In addition, the term “one or more” as used herein, depending at least in part upon context, may be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in a singular sense or may be used to describe combinations of features, structures or characteristics in a plural sense. Similarly, terms, such as “a, ” “an, ” or “the, ” may be understood to convey a singular usage or to convey a plural usage, depending at least in part upon context. In addition, the term “based on” may be understood as not necessarily intended to convey an exclusive set of factors and may, instead, allow for existence of additional factors not necessarily expressly described, again, depending at least in part on context.
[0132] Reference throughout this specification to features, advantages, or similar language does not imply that all of the features and advantages that may be realized with the present solution should be or are included in any single implementation thereof. Rather, language referring to the features and advantages is understood to mean that a specific feature, advantage, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present solution. Thus, discussions of the features and advantages, and similar language, throughout the specification may, but do not necessarily, refer to the same embodiment.
[0133] Furthermore, the described features, advantages and characteristics of the present solution may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. One of ordinary skill in the relevant art will recognize, in light of the description herein, that the present solution can be practiced without one or more of the specific features or advantages of a particular embodiment. In other instances, additional features and advantages may be recognized in certain embodiments that may not be present in all embodiments of the present solution.
[0134] The subject matter of the disclosure may also relate to or include, among others, the following aspects:
[0135] A first aspect includes a method for wireless communication that includes: generating, by a user device, one or more filtered measurement results for one or more measurement results based on at least one of: an old measurement result, a current measurement result, or a filtering coefficient, wherein at least one of the one or more measurement results comprises a predicted measurement result; and transmitting, by the user device, a report comprising the one or more filtered measurement results.
[0136] A second aspect includes a method for wireless communication that includes: transmitting, by a network device, at least one measurement object configuration and / or at least one filtering configuration; and receiving, by the network device, a report comprising one or more filtered measurement results for one or more measurement results associated with the at least one measurement object configuration and / or the at least one filtering configuration, wherein at least one of the one or more measurement results comprises a predicted measurement result, and wherein the one or more filtered measurement results is generated based on at least one of: an old measurement result, a current measurement result, or a filtering coefficient.
[0137] A third aspect includes any of the first or second aspects, and further includes wherein the one or more filtered measurement results is generated based on the current measurement result, and the current measurement result comprises a measurement result of a latest prediction.
[0138] A fourth aspect includes any of the first through third aspects, and further includes wherein the one or more filtered measurement results is generated based on the old measurement result, wherein the old measurement result comprises an old filtered measurement result from an actual measurement or a predicted measurement.
[0139] A fifth aspect includes any of the first through fourth aspects, and further includes wherein the old measurement result comprises an old filtered measurement result, and wherein: the user device generates the one or more filtered measurement results based on the old filtered measurement result in response to the old filtered measurement result being from an actual measurement, and the user device does not generate the one or more filtered measurement results based on the old filtered measurement result in response to the old filtered measurement result being from a predicted measurement.
[0140] A sixth aspect includes any of the first through fourth aspects, and further includes wherein the old measurement result comprises an old filtered measurement result, and wherein the user device generates the one or more filtered measurement results based on the old filtered measurement result in response to at least one of: the old filtered measurement result is from an actual measurement; the old filtered measurement result is from a predicted measurement, and one or more of: a time difference between a last actual measurement and a current measurement on a same measurement object (MO) is less than or equal to a first threshold; a number of continuous prediction results is less than or equal to a second threshold; or a prediction window length is less than or equal to a third threshold.
[0141] A seventh aspect includes any of the first through fourth or sixth aspects, and further includes wherein the old measurement result comprises an old filtered measurement result, and wherein the user device does not generate the one or more filtered measurement results based on the old filtered measurement result in response to: the old filtered measurement result is from a predicted measurement, and one or more of: a time difference between a last actual measurement and a current measurement on a same measurement object (MO) is larger than or equal to a first threshold; a number of continuous prediction results is larger than or equal to a second threshold; or a prediction window length is larger than or equal to a third threshold.
[0142] An eighth aspect includes any of the first through seventh aspects, and further includes wherein the user device receives and / or the network device transmits a plurality of filtering configuration sets, wherein each filtering configuration set indicates a list of one or more filtering configurations.
[0143] A ninth aspect includes the eighth aspect, and further includes wherein at least one of the one or more filtering configurations comprises at least one of: a filtering coefficient for a reference signal received power (RSRP) of a synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel block (SSB) and / or a RSRP of a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) of a beam and / or a cell; a filtering coefficient for a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) of a SSB and / or a RSRQ of a CSI-RS of a beam and / or a cell; or a filtering coefficient for a signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) of a SSB and / or a SINR of a CSI-RS of a beam and / or a cell.
[0144] A tenth aspect includes any of the eighth or ninth aspects, and further includes wherein for a plurality of measurement objects (MO) , each MO corresponds to a respective one of the plurality of filtering configuration sets.
[0145] An eleventh aspect includes any of the eighth through tenth aspects, and further includes wherein the network device transmits an indication for the user device to determine which of the plurality of filtering configuration sets to use for one measurement object (MO) , and / or the user device receives the indication and determines which of the plurality of filtering configuration sets to use for one MO based on the indication.
[0146] A twelfth aspect includes any of the eighth through eleventh aspects, and further includes wherein for one of the plurality of filtering configuration sets, the user device determines which filtering configuration to use based on at least one of: a network indication; a time difference between a last actual measurement and a current measurement on a same measurement object (MO) ; a number of continuous prediction results on the same MO; or a prediction window length.
[0147] A thirteenth aspect includes any of the first through twelfth aspects, and further includes wherein the user device transmits and / or the network devices receives a report of information of a selected filtering coefficient.
[0148] A fourteenth aspect includes the thirteenth aspect, and further includes wherein the user device transmits and / or the network device receives the report of the information of the selected filtering coefficient via at least one of: radio resource control (RRC) signaling, a medium access control control element (MAC CE) , or uplink control information (UCI) .
[0149] A fifteenth aspect includes any of the thirteenth or fourteenth aspects, and further includes wherein the user device transmits and / or the network device receives the report of the information of the selected filtering coefficient when: the user device transmits a measurement report for a first time since an artificial intelligence or machine learning (AI / ML) measurement configuration is sent from the network device; or the selected filtering coefficient is changed compared to a last time that the user device reported the information of the selected filtering coefficient.
[0150] A sixteenth aspect includes any of the first through fifteenth aspects, and further includes wherein the user device receives and / or the network device transmits configuration information comprising at least one of: an indication that a measurement reduction is allowed or expected; a measurement reduction rate; a maximum measurement reduction rate; a minimum measurement reduction rate; a measurement reduction rate range; a measurement reduction rate list; a minimum allowed prediction accuracy; or a threshold to enable a measurement reduction feature.
[0151] A seventeenth aspect includes the sixteenth aspect, and further includes wherein the configuration information comprises the measurement reduction rate, and wherein when the user device performs measurement reduction according to a measurement reduction rate, the user device always uses the measurement reduction rate included in the configuration information from the network device.
[0152] An eighteenth aspect includes any of the sixteenth or seventeenth aspects, and further includes wherein the configuration information comprises the maximum measurement reduction rate, and wherein the user device uses a measurement reduction rate that does not exceed the maximum measurement reduction rate.
[0153] A nineteenth aspect includes any of the sixteenth through eighteenth aspects, and further includes wherein the configuration information comprises the minimum measurement reduction rate, and wherein the user device uses a measurement reduction rate that is larger than or equal to the minimum measurement reduction rate.
[0154] A twentieth aspect includes any of the sixteenth through nineteenth aspects, and further includes wherein the configuration information comprises the measurement reduction rate range, and wherein the user device uses a measurement reduction rate that falls in measurement reduction rate range.
[0155] A twenty-first aspect includes the twentieth aspect, and further includes wherein the measurement reduction rate range is indicated by at least one of: a minimum value, a maximum value, or a length.
[0156] A twenty-second aspect includes any of the sixteenth through twenty-first aspects, and further includes wherein the configuration information comprises the measurement reduction rate list, and wherein the user device determines which of a plurality of measurement reduction rates in the measurement reduction rate list to use based on one or more cell results or a network indication.
[0157] A twenty-third aspect includes the twenty-second aspect, and further includes wherein the user device determines which of the plurality of measurement reduction rates to use based on the one or more cell results and wherein each of the plurality of measurement reduction rates corresponds to a respective one of a plurality of measurement reduction rate ranges.
[0158] A twenty-fourth aspect includes the twenty-third aspect, and further includes wherein one or more of the plurality of measurement reduction rate ranges is pre-defined or configured by the network device.
[0159] A twenty-fifth aspect includes any of the twenty-second through twenty-fourth aspects, and further includes wherein the user device determines which of the plurality of measurement reduction rates to use based on the network indication, and wherein network indication indicates an index of a selected measurement reduction rate in the measurement reduction rate list.
[0160] A twenty-sixth aspect includes the twenty-fifth aspect, and further includes wherein the network indication is communicated between the user device and the network device via radio resource control (RRC) signaling, a medium access control control element (MAC CE) or downlink control information (DCI) .
[0161] A twenty-seventh aspect includes any of the sixteenth through twenty-sixth aspects, and further includes wherein the configuration information comprises the minimum allowed prediction accuracy, and wherein when an actual prediction accuracy is lower than the minimum allowed prediction accuracy, the user device at least one of: modifies an adopted skipping pattern; requests the network device to modify the adopted skipping pattern; disables a feature of artificial intelligence or machine learning (AI / ML) -based measurement; or requests the network device to disable the feature of the AI / ML-based measurement.
[0162] A twenty-eighth aspect includes any of the sixteenth through twenty-seventh aspects, and further includes wherein the configuration information comprises the threshold to enable the measurement reduction feature, wherein the threshold is used for a cell result, and the measurement reduction feature is enabled when the cell result is above the threshold.
[0163] A twenty-ninth aspect includes the twenty-eighth aspect, and further includes wherein the cell result is of a serving cell, and when the cell result of the serving cell is above the threshold, the measurement reduction feature is enabled for both the serving cell and neighbor cell (s) of the serving cell.
[0164] A thirtieth aspect includes any of the twenty-eighth or twenty-ninth aspects, and further includes wherein the threshold is pre-defined or configured by the network device.
[0165] A thirty-first aspect includes any of the first through thirtieth aspects, and further includes wherein the user device transmits and / or the network device receives at least one of: a supported maximum measurement reduction rate in a time domain, and / or a first prediction accuracy corresponding to the supported maximum measurement reduction rate in the time domain; a supported maximum measurement reduction rate in a spatial domain, and / or a second prediction accuracy corresponding to the supported maximum measurement reduction rate in the spatial domain; a supported minimum measurement reduction rate in a time domain, and / or a third prediction accuracy corresponding to the supported minimum measurement reduction rate in the time domain; a supported minimum measurement reduction rate in a spatial domain, and / or a fourth prediction accuracy corresponding to the supported minimum measurement reduction rate on the spatial domain; a list of one or more supported measurement reduction rates in a time domain, and / or one or more fifth prediction accuracies each corresponding a respective one of the one or more supported measurement reduction rates in the time domain in the list; or a list of one or more supported measurement reduction rate in a spatial domain, and / or one or more sixth prediction accuracies each corresponding to a respective one of the one or more supported measurement reduction rate in the spatial domain in the list.
[0166] A thirty-second aspect includes the thirty-first aspect, and further includes wherein at least one of the first prediction accuracy, the second prediction accuracy, the third prediction accuracy, the fourth prediction accuracy, the one or more fifth prediction accuracies, or the one or more sixth prediction accuracies is indicated via an average difference between a first measurement result from an actual measurement and a second measurement result from a predicted measurement, and wherein each of the first and second measurement results comprises at least one of: reference signal received power (RSRP) , reference signal received quality (RSRQ) , or signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) .
[0167] A thirty-third aspect includes any of the first through thirty-second aspects, and further includes wherein the user device receives and / or the network device transmits an indication of at least one use case to use, wherein the at least one use case comprises at least one of: temporal domain measurement prediction, spatial domain measurement prediction, or frequency domain measurement prediction.
[0168] A thirty-fourth aspect includes any of the first through thirty-third aspects, and further includes wherein the user device determines a skipping pattern that indicates how to generate the one or more measurement results, and / or the network device includes the skipping pattern in a measurement object configuration.
[0169] A thirty-fifth aspect includes any of the first through thirty-fourth aspects, and further includes wherein the user device receives and / or the network device transmits an indication of a skipping pattern that indicates how to generate the one or more measurement results.
[0170] A thirty-sixth aspect includes the thirty-fifth aspect, and further includes wherein information of the skipping pattern is indicated via at least one of: for temporal domain prediction, a number of continuous actual results, a number of predicted results, and / or a number of predicted results that will be actually measured; for temporal domain prediction, a prediction window length and / or an observation window length; or for spatial domain prediction, a list of one or more beams for actual measurement and / or a list of one or more beams for predicted measurement.
[0171] A thirty-seventh aspect includes a wireless communications apparatus comprising at least one processor and a memory, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the apparatus to perform a method of any of the first through thirty-sixth aspects.
[0172] A thirty-eighth aspect includes a computer program product comprising a computer-readable program medium comprising code stored thereupon, the code, when executed by at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform a method of any of the first through thirty-sixth aspects.
[0173] In addition to the features mentioned in each of the independent aspects enumerated above, some examples may show, alone or in combination, the optional features mentioned in the dependent aspects and / or as disclosed in the description above and shown in the figures.
Claims
1.A method for wireless communication, the method comprising:generating, by a user device, one or more filtered measurement results for one or more measurement results based on at least one of: an old measurement result, a current measurement result, or a filtering coefficient, wherein at least one of the one or more measurement results comprises a predicted measurement result; andtransmitting, by the user device, a report comprising the one or more filtered measurement results.2.A method for wireless communication, the method comprising:transmitting, by a network device, at least one measurement object configuration and / or at least one filtering configuration; andreceiving, by the network device, a report comprising one or more filtered measurement results for one or more measurement results associated with the at least one measurement object configuration and / or the at least one filtering configuration, wherein at least one of the one or more measurement results comprises a predicted measurement result, and wherein the one or more filtered measurement results is generated based on at least one of: an old measurement result, a current measurement result, or a filtering coefficient.3.The method of any of claims 1 or 2, wherein the one or more filtered measurement results is generated based on the current measurement result, and the current measurement result comprises a measurement result of a latest prediction.4.The method of any of claims 1 or 2, wherein the one or more filtered measurement results is generated based on the old measurement result, wherein the old measurement result comprises an old filtered measurement result from an actual measurement or a predicted measurement.5.The method of any of claims 1 or 2, wherein the old measurement result comprises an old filtered measurement result, and wherein:the user device generates the one or more filtered measurement results based on the old filtered measurement result in response to the old filtered measurement result being from an actual measurement, andthe user device does not generate the one or more filtered measurement results based on the old filtered measurement result in response to the old filtered measurement result being from a predicted measurement.6.The method of any of claims 1 or 2, wherein the old measurement result comprises an old filtered measurement result, and wherein the user device generates the one or more filtered measurement results based on the old filtered measurement result in response to at least one of:the old filtered measurement result is from an actual measurement;the old filtered measurement result is from a predicted measurement, and one or more of:a time difference between a last actual measurement and a current measurement on a same measurement object (MO) is less than or equal to a first threshold;a number of continuous prediction results is less than or equal to a second threshold; ora prediction window length is less than or equal to a third threshold.7.The method of any of claims 1 or 2, wherein the old measurement result comprises an old filtered measurement result, and wherein the user device does not generate the one or more filtered measurement results based on the old filtered measurement result in response to:the old filtered measurement result is from a predicted measurement, and one or more of:a time difference between a last actual measurement and a current measurement on a same measurement object (MO) is larger than or equal to a first threshold;a number of continuous prediction results is larger than or equal to a second threshold; ora prediction window length is larger than or equal to a third threshold.8.The method of any of claims 1 or 2, wherein the user device receives and / or the network device transmits a plurality of filtering configuration sets, wherein each filtering configuration set indicates a list of one or more filtering configurations.9.The method of claim 8, wherein at least one of the one or more filtering configurations comprises at least one of:a filtering coefficient for a reference signal received power (RSRP) of a synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel block (SSB) and / or a RSRP of a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) of a beam and / or a cell;a filtering coefficient for a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) of a SSB and / or a RSRQ of a CSI-RS of a beam and / or a cell; ora filtering coefficient for a signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) of a SSB and / or a SINR of a CSI-RS of a beam and / or a cell; and / orwherein for a plurality of measurement objects (MO) , each MO corresponds to a respective one of the plurality of filtering configuration sets; and / orwherein the network device transmits an indication for the user device to determine which of the plurality of filtering configuration sets to use for one measurement object (MO) , and / or the user device receives the indication and determines which of the plurality of filtering configuration sets to use for one MO based on the indication; and / orwherein for one of the plurality of filtering configuration sets, the user device determines which filtering configuration to use based on at least one of: a network indication; a time difference between a last actual measurement and a current measurement on a same measurement object (MO) ; a number of continuous prediction results on the same MO; or a prediction window length.10.The method of any of claims 1 or 2, wherein the user device transmits and / or the network devices receives a report of information of a selected filtering coefficient.11.The method of claim 10, wherein the user device transmits and / or the network device receives the report of the information of the selected filtering coefficient via at least one of: radio resource control (RRC) signaling, a medium access control control element (MAC CE) , or uplink control information (UCI) ; and / orwherein the user device transmits and / or the network device receives the report of the information of the selected filtering coefficient when:the user device transmits a measurement report for a first time since an artificial intelligence or machine learning (AI / ML) measurement configuration is sent from the network device; orthe selected filtering coefficient is changed compared to a last time that the user device reported the information of the selected filtering coefficient.12.The method of any of claims 1 or 2, wherein the user device receives and / or the network device transmits configuration information comprising at least one of:an indication that a measurement reduction is allowed or expected;a measurement reduction rate;a maximum measurement reduction rate;a minimum measurement reduction rate;a measurement reduction rate range;a measurement reduction rate list;a minimum allowed prediction accuracy; ora threshold to enable a measurement reduction feature.13.The method of claim 12, wherein the configuration information comprises:the measurement reduction rate, and wherein when the user device performs measurement reduction according to a measurement reduction rate, the user device always uses the measurement reduction rate included in the configuration information from the network device;the maximum measurement reduction rate, and wherein the user device uses a measurement reduction rate that does not exceed the maximum measurement reduction rate;the minimum measurement reduction rate, and wherein the user device uses a measurement reduction rate that is larger than or equal to the minimum measurement reduction rate;the measurement reduction rate range, and wherein the user device uses a measurement reduction rate that falls in measurement reduction rate range;the measurement reduction rate list, and wherein the user device determines which of a plurality of measurement reduction rates in the measurement reduction rate list to use based on one or more cell results or a network indication;the minimum allowed prediction accuracy, and wherein when an actual prediction accuracy is lower than the minimum allowed prediction accuracy, the user device at least one of: modifies an adopted skipping pattern; requests the network device to modify the adopted skipping pattern; disables a feature of artificial intelligence or machine learning (AI / ML) -based measurement; or requests the network device to disable the feature of the AI / ML-based measurement; and / orthe threshold to enable the measurement reduction feature, wherein the threshold is used for a cell result, and the measurement reduction feature is enabled when the cell result is above the threshold.14.The method of claim 13, wherein the configuration comprises the measurement reduction range, and wherein the measurement reduction rate range is indicated by at least one of: a minimum value, a maximum value, or a length.15.The method of claim 13, wherein the user device determines which of the plurality of measurement reduction rates to use based on the one or more cell results and wherein each of the plurality of measurement reduction rates corresponds to a respective one of a plurality of measurement reduction rate ranges; and / or wherein one or more of the plurality of measurement reduction rate ranges is pre-defined or configured by the network device.16.The method of claim 15, wherein one or more of the plurality of measurement reduction rate ranges is pre-defined or configured by the network device.17.The method of claim 13, wherein the user device determines which of the plurality of measurement reduction rates to use based on the network indication, and wherein network indication indicates an index of a selected measurement reduction rate in the measurement reduction rate list.18.The method of claim 17, wherein the network indication is communicated between the user device and the network device via radio resource control (RRC) signaling, a medium access control control element (MAC CE) or downlink control information (DCI) .19.The method of claim 13, wherein the cell result is of a serving cell, and when the cell result of the serving cell is above the threshold, the measurement reduction feature is enabled for both the serving cell and neighbor cell (s) of the serving cell; and / orwherein the threshold is pre-defined or configured by the network device.20.The method of any of claims 1 or 2, wherein the user device transmits and / or the network device receives at least one of:a supported maximum measurement reduction rate in a time domain, and / or a first prediction accuracy corresponding to the supported maximum measurement reduction rate in the time domain;a supported maximum measurement reduction rate in a spatial domain, and / or a second prediction accuracy corresponding to the supported maximum measurement reduction rate in the spatial domain;a supported minimum measurement reduction rate in a time domain, and / or a third prediction accuracy corresponding to the supported minimum measurement reduction rate in the time domain;a supported minimum measurement reduction rate in a spatial domain, and / or a fourth prediction accuracy corresponding to the supported minimum measurement reduction rate on the spatial domain;a list of one or more supported measurement reduction rates in a time domain, and / or one or more fifth prediction accuracies each corresponding a respective one of the one or more supported measurement reduction rates in the time domain in the list; ora list of one or more supported measurement reduction rate in a spatial domain, and / or one or more sixth prediction accuracies each corresponding to a respective one of the one or more supported measurement reduction rate in the spatial domain in the list.21.The method of claim 20, wherein at least one of the first prediction accuracy, the second prediction accuracy, the third prediction accuracy, the fourth prediction accuracy, the one or more fifth prediction accuracies, or the one or more sixth prediction accuracies is indicated via an average difference between a first measurement result from an actual measurement and a second measurement result from a predicted measurement, and wherein each of the first and second measurement results comprises at least one of: reference signal received power (RSRP) , reference signal received quality (RSRQ) , or signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) .22.The method of any of claims 1 or 2, wherein the user device receives and / or the network device transmits an indication of at least one use case to use, wherein the at least one use case comprises at least one of: temporal domain measurement prediction, spatial domain measurement prediction, or frequency domain measurement prediction.23.The method of any of claims 1 or 2, wherein the user device determines a skipping pattern that indicates how to generate the one or more measurement results, and / or the network device includes the skipping pattern in a measurement object configuration.24.The method of any of claims 1 or 2, wherein the user device receives and / or the network device transmits an indication of a skipping pattern that indicates how to generate the one or more measurement results.25.The method of claim 24, wherein information of the skipping pattern is indicated via at least one of: for temporal domain prediction, a number of continuous actual results, a number of predicted results, and / or a number of predicted results that will be actually measured; for temporal domain prediction, a prediction window length and / or an observation window length; or for spatial domain prediction, a list of one or more beams for actual measurement and / or a list of one or more beams for predicted measurement.26.A wireless communications apparatus comprising at least one processor and a memory, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the apparatus to perform a method of any of claims 1 to 25.27.A computer program product comprising a computer-readable program medium comprising code stored thereupon, the code, when executed by at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform a method of any of claims 1 to 25.
Citation Information
Patent Citations
Method and apparatus for performing v2x communication in a wireless communication system
US20220393780A1
Adaptive transmission and transmission path selection based on predicted channel state
US20230007564A1
Method and apparatus for predicting CSI in cellular systems
US20240113794A1
Measurement model optimization for channel prediction improvement in wireless networks
WO2017186309A1
Methods, architectures, apparatuses and systems for measurement reporting and conditional handhover
WO2024030411A1