TCI state activation of scell in ltm
By managing TCI state activation of SCells through network nodes using MAC CEs and RRC messages, the system addresses the challenge of fast cell switching in LTM, improving synchronization and reducing latency in wireless communication systems.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-02
AI Technical Summary
Existing wireless communication systems face challenges in efficiently supporting TCI state activation of secondary cells (SCells) during Layer 1 or Layer 2 triggered mobility (LTM), which hinders fast cell switching and synchronization in carrier aggregation scenarios.
A network node receives TCI state configurations for SCells associated with LTM candidate cells and transmits activation or deactivation information via MAC CEs or RRC messages to UEs, facilitating synchronized DL/UL TCI state management for faster cell switching.
Enables faster and more efficient cell switching by ensuring proper TCI state activation of SCells, enhancing synchronization and reducing latency in LTM scenarios.
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Figure CN2025098610_02042026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
TCI STATE ACTIVATION OF SCELL IN LTMTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications, and more specifically to UE, network nodes and methods supporting transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state activation of secondary cell (SCell) in layer 1 (L1) or layer 2 (L2) triggered mobility (LTM) .BACKGROUND
[0002] A wireless communications system may include one or multiple network communication devices, such as base stations, which may be otherwise known as an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. Each network communication devices, such as a base station may support wireless communications for one or multiple user communication devices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE) , or other suitable terminology. The wireless communications system may support wireless communications with one or multiple user communication devices by utilizing resources of the wireless communication system (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) . Additionally, the wireless communications system may support wireless communications across various radio access technologies including third generation (3G) radio access technology, fourth generation (4G) radio access technology, fifth generation (5G) radio access technology, among other suitable radio access technologies beyond 5G (e.g., sixth generation (6G) ) .
[0003] LTM was introduced to change a serving cell via L1 or L2 signalling, in order to reduce the latency, overhead and interruption time. The scenarios of LTM include intra-central unit (CU) mobility where the UE moves between different cells within a CU, and inter-CU mobility where the UE moves between different cells belonging to different CUs.
[0004] When carrier aggregation (CA) is configured, the configured set of serving cells for a UE always consists of one primary cell (PCell) and one or more SCells. Currently, the PCell and SCell change in CA scenario is supported for LTM. To reduce the delay before the CA can be used in a target cell and then improve the data throughput, activation of one or more SCells may be triggered with LTM cell switch.
[0005] TCI state activation is an important feature of LTM, which allows the UE to be downlink (DL) synchronized with those cells, thereby facilitating a faster cell switch to one of those cells when cell switch is triggered. Thus, there is a need to study how to support the TCI state activation of SCell associated with an LTM candidate cell.SUMMARY
[0006] The present disclosure relates to UE, base stations and methods that support TCI state activation of SCell in LTM. The present disclosure may facilitate a faster cell switch to an LTM candidate cell when LTM cell switch is triggered.
[0007] Some implementations of a first network node described herein may include a processor and a transceiver coupled to the processor, wherein the processor is configured to: receive at least one TCI state configuration, wherein each of the at least one TCI state configuration is for a respective one of at least one SCell, the at least one SCell is associated with an LTM candidate cell; and transmit, based on the at least one TCI state configuration via the transceiver to a UE, information related to activation or deactivation of at least one TCI state of the at least one SCell.
[0008] In some implementations, the processor is configured to transmit the information related to activation or deactivation via a first medium access control-control element (MAC CE) , wherein the first MAC CE comprises at least one of the following: - an identity of the LTM candidate cell to which the first MAC CE applies, - at least one identity of the at least one SCell, - at least one identity of the at least one TCI state for each of the at least one SCell, - a first indicator indicating whether a TCI codepoint is mapped to two TCI states or a single TCI state, or - a second indicator indicating whether an identity of a TCI state is for a first TCI state or an uplink (UL) TCI state, wherein the first TCI state is used for UL transmission and downlink (DL) reception or for DL reception, and the UL TCI state is used for UL transmission.
[0009] In some implementations, the processor is configured to transmit the information related to activation or deactivation via a second MAC CE used for triggering LTM cell switch to the LTM candidate cell, wherein the second MAC CE comprises at least one of the following: an SCell index associated with the LTM candidate cell indicating an SCell to be activated, an identity of a first TCI state indicating and activating the first TCI state for the SCell, or an identity of a UL TCI state indicating and activating the UL TCI state for the SCell.
[0010] In some implementations, the second MAC CE comprises a list of SCell fields and a list of TCI state fields.
[0011] In some implementations, each SCell field in the list of SCell fields set to a first predefined value indicates the activation status of the respective SCell and a TCI state field for the respective SCell is included in the list of TCI state fields, and each SCell field set to a second predefined value indicates the deactivation status of the respective SCell and no TCI state field for the respective SCell is included in the list of TCI state fields.
[0012] In some implementations, each TCI state field in the list of TCI state fields set to zero indicates that no TCI state identity is valid for the respective SCell, and each TCI state field set to a non-zero value indicates and activates a TCI state indicated by the non-zero value for the respective SCell.
[0013] In some implementations, the processor is configured to transmit a radio resource control (RRC) message comprising a set of TCI state configurations for a set of SCells associated with each LTM candidate cell in a set of LTM candidate cells via the transceiver to the UE, wherein a TCI state configuration in the set of TCI state configurations comprises: at least one first TCI state for UL transmission and DL reception or for DL reception, at least one UL TCI state for UL transmission, and a TCI state type of the at least one first TCI state, In some implementations, the TCI state type set to a third predefined value indicates that the at least one first TCI state is used for DL reception.
[0014] In some implementations, the processor is configured to: transmit an RRC message comprising a set of TCI state configurations for a set of SCells associated with each LTM candidate cell in a set of LTM candidate cells via the transceiver to the UE, wherein a TCI state configuration in the set of TCI state configurations comprises: at least one first TCI state for UL transmission and DL reception or for DL reception, and a TCI state type of the at least one first TCI state, wherein the TCI state type set to a fourth predefined value indicates that the at least one first TCI state is used for DL reception and UL transmission.
[0015] In some implementations, the TCI state configuration further comprises an identity of a TCI set, wherein the TCI set comprises a list of SCells which can be updated simultaneously for TCI relation.
[0016] In some implementations, the first MAC CE or the second MAC CE further comprises at least one of the following: an identity of a DL bandwidth part (BWP) , or an identity of a UL BWP.
[0017] In some implementations, the processor is configured to receive a set of TCI state configuration for a set of SCells associated with each LTM candidate cell in a set of LTM candidate cells via the transceiver from a second network node.
[0018] In some implementations, the processor is configured to transmit a set of TCI state configurations for a set of SCells associated with each LTM candidate cell in a set of LTM candidate cells via the transceiver to a second network node.
[0019] In some implementations, the processor is further configured to: transmit a first message via the transceiver to a second network node, wherein the first message comprises one of the following: a list of the at least one SCell associated with a request for a TCI state configuration for the LTM candidate cell, the list of the at least one SCell and a fourth indicator indicating the at least one TCI state configuration for the at least one SCell is requested, or an indicator associated with an SCell in a list of SCells to be setup, wherein the indicator associated with the SCell indicates a request for a TCI state configuration for the SCell.
[0020] In some implementations, the processor is further configured to: transmit a second message via the transceiver to a second network node, wherein the second message comprises one or more identities of one or more SCells associated with the LTM candidate cell, each of the one or more SCells is associated with a TCI state field indicating an activated TCI state for a respective SCell among the one or more SCells, the TCI state field comprises an identity of a first TCI state for the respective SCell, the first TCI state is for UL transmission and DL reception or for DL reception.
[0021] In some implementations, the TCI state field further comprises an identity of a UL TCI state for UL transmission.
[0022] In some implementations, the first network node comprises a source distributed unit (DU) , and the second network node comprises a central unit (CU) .
[0023] In some implementations, the first network node comprises a CU, and the second network node comprises a candidate DU.
[0024] In some implementations, the first network node comprises a source base station, and the second network node comprises a candidate base station.
[0025] Some implementations of a UE described herein may include a processor and a transceiver coupled to the processor, wherein the processor is configured to: receive, via the transceiver, information related to activation or deactivation of at least one TCI state of at least one SCell, the at least one SCell is associated with an LTM candidate cell; and activate or deactivate the at least one TCI state.
[0026] In some implementations, the processor is configured to receive the information related to activation or deactivation via a first MAC CE, wherein the first MAC CE comprises: - an identity of the LTM candidate cell to which the first MAC CE applies, - at least one identity of the at least one SCell, - at least one identity of the at least one TCI state for each of the at least one SCell, - a first indicator indicating whether a TCI codepoint is mapped to two TCI states or a single TCI state, and - a second indicator indicating whether an identity of a TCI state is for a first TCI state or a UL TCI state, wherein the first TCI state is used for UL transmission and DL reception or for DL reception, and the UL TCI state is used for UL transmission.
[0027] In some implementations, the processor is configured to activate or deactivate the at least one TCI state by: based on determining that the second indicator indicates that the identity of the TCI state is for the first TCI state, activating the first TCI state, or based on determining that the second indicator indicates that the identity of the TCI state is for the UL TCI state, activating the UL TCI state.
[0028] In some implementations, the processor is further configured to: based on determining that a TCI state type in a TCI state configuration is set to a third predefined value so as to indicate that the TCI state configuration comprises an UL TCI state, activate the first TCI state for DL reception; or based on determining that the TCI state type is set to a fourth predefined value so as to indicate that the TCI state configuration does not comprise an UL TCI state, activate the first TCI state for DL reception and UL transmission.
[0029] In some implementations, the processor is configured to activate or deactivate the at least one TCI state by: based on determining that multiple SCells are configured with the same identity of a TCI set, activating TCI states for the multiple SCells, wherein the TCI set comprises a list of SCells which can be updated simultaneously for TCI relation with the first MAC CE.
[0030] In some implementations, the processor is configured to activate or deactivate the at least one TCI state by: after activating at least one TCI state for the LTM candidate cell, activating the at least one TCI state for the at least one SCell associated with the LTM candidate cell.
[0031] In some implementations, the processor is configured to receive the information related to activation or deactivation via a second MAC CE used for triggering LTM cell switch to the LTM candidate cell, wherein the second MAC CE comprises at least one of the following: an SCell index associated with the LTM candidate cell indicating an SCell to be activated, an identity of a first TCI state indicating and activating the first TCI state for the SCell, or an identity of a UL TCI state indicating and activating the UL TCI state for the SCell.
[0032] In some implementations, the second MAC CE comprises a list of SCell fields and a list of TCI state fields.
[0033] In some implementations, each SCell field in the list of SCell fields set to a first predefined value indicates the activation status of the respective SCell and a TCI state field for the respective SCell is included in the list of TCI state fields, and each SCell field set to a second predefined value indicates the deactivation status of the respective SCell and no TCI state field for the respective SCell is included in the list of TCI state fields.
[0034] In some implementations, each TCI state field in the list of TCI state fields set to zero indicates that no TCI state identity is valid for the respective SCell, and each TCI state field set to a non-zero value indicates and activates a TCI state indicated by the non-zero value for the respective SCell.
[0035] In some implementations, the processor is configured to receive an RRC message comprising a set of TCI state configurations for a set of SCells associated with each LTM candidate cell in a set of LTM candidate cells via the transceiver to the UE, wherein a TCI state configuration in the set of TCI state configurations comprises: at least one first TCI state for UL transmission and DL reception or for DL reception, at least one UL TCI state for UL transmission, and a TCI state type of the at least one first TCI state, wherein the TCI state type set to a third predefined value indicates that the at least one first TCI state is used for DL reception.
[0036] In some implementations, the processor is configured to receive an RRC message comprising a set of TCI state configurations for a set of SCells associated with each LTM candidate cell in a set of LTM candidate cells via the transceiver to the UE, wherein a TCI state configuration in the set of TCI state configurations comprises: at least one first TCI state for UL transmission and DL reception or for DL reception, and a TCI state type of the at least one first TCI state, wherein the TCI state type set to a fourth predefined value indicates that the at least one first TCI state is used for DL reception and UL transmission.
[0037] In some implementations, the TCI state configuration further comprises an identity of a TCI set, wherein the TCI set comprises a list of SCells which can be updated simultaneously for TCI relation.
[0038] In some implementations, each TCI state field comprises one of the at least one first TCI state and one of the at least one UL TCI state.
[0039] In some implementations, each TCI state field comprises one of the at least one first TCI state.
[0040] In some implementations, the processor is further configured to: deactivate a first plurality of TCI states except the first TCI state for an SCell among the at least one SCell, wherein the first plurality of TCI states comprising the first TCI state are activated and indicated in the first MAC CE, wherein the first plurality of TCI states are used for UL transmission and DL reception or for DL reception, or deactivate the second plurality of UL TCI states except the UL TCI state for an SCell among the at least one SCell, wherein the second plurality of TCI states comprising the second TCI state are activated and indicated in the first MAC CE, wherein the second plurality of UL TCI states are used for UL transmission.
[0041] In some implementations, the first MAC CE or the second MAC CE comprises at least one of the following: an identity of a DL bandwidth part (BWP) , or an identity of a UL BWP.
[0042] In some implementations, the processor is further configured to: provide the information related to activation or deactivation from a MAC layer of the UE to lower layers of the UE.
[0043] Some implementations of a method described herein may include: receiving at least one TCI state configuration, wherein each of the at least one TCI state configuration is for a respective one of at least one SCell, the at least one SCell is associated with an LTM candidate cell; and transmitting, based on the at least one TCI state configuration to a UE, information related to activation or deactivation of at least one TCI state of the at least one SCell.
[0044] Some implementations of a method described herein may include: receiving information related to activation or deactivation of at least one TCI state of at least one SCell, the at least one SCell is associated with an LTM candidate cell; and activating or deactivating the at least one TCI state.
[0045] Some implementations of a processor described herein may include at least one memory and a controller coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the controller to: receive, via a transceiver, information related to activation or deactivation of at least one TCI state of at least one SCell, the at least one SCell is associated with an LTM candidate cell; and activate or deactivate the at least one TCI state.
[0046] It is to be understood that the summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0047] Fig. 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system that supports TCI state activation of SCell in LTM in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure;
[0048] Figs. 2A and 2B illustrate an example scenario that supports TCI state activation of SCell in LTM in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure, respectively;
[0049] Figs. 3 and 4 illustrate a signaling diagram illustrating an example process that supports activation of a TCI state of LTM in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure, respectively;
[0050] Fig. 5 illustrates an example of a first MAC CE in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure;
[0051] Figs. 6 and 7 illustrates an example of a second MAC CE in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure, respectively;
[0052] Figs. 8 and 9 illustrate a signaling diagram illustrating an example process that supports activation of a TCI state of LTM in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure, respectively;
[0053] Fig. 10 illustrates an example of a device that supports TCI state activation of SCell in LTM in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure;
[0054] Fig. 11 illustrates an example of a processor that supports TCI state activation of SCell in LTM in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure; and
[0055] Figs. 12 and 13 illustrate a flowchart of a method that supports TCI state activation of SCell in LTM in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure, respectively.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0056] Principles of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. The disclosure described herein may be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0057] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0058] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “some embodiments, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment (s) described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment (s) . Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0059] It shall be understood that although the terms “first” and “second” or the like may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, a first element could also be termed as a second element, and similarly, a second element could also be termed as a first element, without departing from the scope of embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.
[0060] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.
[0061] In the context of the present disclosure, the term “LTM” refers to a cell switch procedure that the network triggers via a MAC CE based on L1 or layer 3 (L3) measurement report. The term “subsequent LTM” refers to LTM cell switch procedures between candidate cells without RRC reconfiguration by the network in between.
[0062] The term “LTM candidate ID (LTM-CandidateID) ” is used to identify an LTM candidate configuration. The LTM candidate configuration is a configuration of an LTM candidate cell, such as a physical cell group configuration and report configuration. Without any explicit description, the LTM candidate cell is a special cell (SpCell) . If an SCell is included, the LTM candidate configuration is a configuration of an LTM candidate cell group, where the LTM candidate cell group includes a SpCell and one or more SCells.
[0063] For dual connectivity operation, the term “SpCell” refers to a primary cell (PCell) of a master cell group (MCG) or a primary secondary cell (PSCell) of a secondary cell group (SCG) , otherwise the term “SpCell” refers to a PCell. In the following description, the term “candidate cell” is used to refer to a candidate SpCell or an SpCell for simplicity, and the term “candidate cell” may be interchangeably used with “candidate SpCell” or “SpCell” herein.
[0064] For a UE configured with carrier aggregation, the term “SCell” refers to a cell providing additional radio resources on top of SpCell.
[0065] As described above, TCI state activation is an important feature of LTM, which allows the UE to be DL synchronized with those cells, thereby facilitating a faster cell switch to one of those cells when cell switch is triggered. Thus, there is a need to study how to support the TCI state activation of SCell associated with an LTM candidate cell.
[0066] In view of the above, the present disclosure provides a solution that supports TCI state activation of SCell in LTM. In this solution, a first network node receives at least one TCI state configuration. Each of the at least one TCI state configuration is for a respective one of at least one SCell. The at least one SCell is associated with an LTM candidate cell. The first network node transmits, based on the at least one TCI state configuration to a UE, information related to activation or deactivation of at least one TCI state of the at least one SCell. This solution may facilitate a faster cell switch to an LTM candidate cell when LTM cell switch is triggered.
[0067] Aspects of the present disclosure are described in the context of a wireless communications system.
[0068] Fig. 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system 100 that supports TCI state activation of SCell in LTM in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one at least one of network entities 102 (also referred to as network equipment (NE) ) , one or more terminal devices or UEs 104, a core network 106, and a packet data network 108. The wireless communications system 100 may support various radio access technologies. In some implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 4G network, such as an LTE network or an LTE-advanced (LTE-A) network. In some other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 5G network, such as an NR network. In other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a combination of a 4G network and a 5G network, or other suitable radio access technology including institute of electrical and electronics engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20. The wireless communications system 100 may support radio access technologies beyond 5G. Additionally, the wireless communications system 100 may support technologies, such as time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , or code division multiple access (CDMA) , etc.
[0069] The network entities 102 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region to form the wireless communications system 100. One or more of the network entities 102 described herein may be or include or may be referred to as a network node, a base station (BS) , a network element, a radio access network (RAN) node, a base transceiver station, an access point, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. A network entity 102 and a UE 104 may communicate via a communication link 110, which may be a wireless or wired connection. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may perform wireless communication (e.g., receive signaling, transmit signaling) over a Uu interface. The network entities 102 may be collectively referred to as network entities 102 or individually referred to as a network entity 102. Hereinafter, some implementations of the present disclosure will be described by taking a base station as an example of the network entity 102. Thus, the network entity 102 may be used interchangeably with the base station 102. For example, the base stations 102 may comprise a first base station 102-1 and a second base station 102-2.
[0070] A network entity 102 may provide a geographic coverage area 112 for which the network entity 102 may support services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) for one or more UEs 104 within the geographic coverage area 112. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may support wireless communication of signals related to services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) according to one or multiple radio access technologies. In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be moveable, for example, a satellite associated with a non-terrestrial network. In some implementations, different geographic coverage areas 112 associated with the same or different radio access technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas 112 may be associated with different network entities 102. Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0071] The one or more UEs 104 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region of the wireless communications system 100. A UE 104 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a remote unit, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology. In some implementations, the UE 104 may be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 104 may be referred to as an internet-of-things (IoT) device, an internet-of-everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, among other examples. In some implementations, a UE 104 may be stationary in the wireless communications system 100. In some other implementations, a UE 104 may be mobile in the wireless communications system 100.
[0072] The one or more UEs 104 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some examples of UEs 104 are illustrated in Fig. 1. A UE 104 may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as the network entities 102, other UEs 104, or network equipment (e.g., the core network 106, the packet data network 108, a relay device, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, or another network equipment) , as shown in Fig. 1. Additionally, or alternatively, a UE 104 may support communication with other network entities 102 or UEs 104, which may act as relays in the wireless communications system 100.
[0073] A UE 104 may also be able to support wireless communication directly with other UEs 104 over a communication link 114. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) deployments, or cellular-V2X deployments, the communication link 114 may be referred to as a sidelink. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a PC5 interface.
[0074] A network entity 102 may support communications with the core network 106, or with another network entity 102, or both. For example, a network entity 102 may interface with the core network 106 through one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N2, or another network interface) . The network entities 102 may communicate with each other over the backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an X2, Xn, or another network interface) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., between the network entities 102) . In some other implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 106) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 may include subcomponents, such as an access network entity, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC) . An ANC may communicate with the one or more UEs 104 through one or more other access network transmission entities, which may be referred to as a radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission-reception points (TRPs) .
[0075] In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be configured in a disaggregated architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically distributed among two or more network entities 102, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open radio access network (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) , or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN) ) . For example, a network entity 102 may include one or more of a central unit (CU) , a distributed unit (DU) , a radio unit (RU) , a RAN intelligent controller (RIC) (e.g., a near-real time RIC (Near-RT RIC) , a non-real time RIC (Non-RT RIC) ) , a service management and orchestration (SMO) system, or any combination thereof.
[0076] An RU may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , or a transmission reception point (TRP) . One or more components of the network entities 102 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 102 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU) , a virtual DU (VDU) , a virtual RU (VRU) ) .
[0077] Split of functionality between a CU, a DU, and an RU may be flexible and may support different functionalities depending upon which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, radio frequency functions, and any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU, a DU, or an RU. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU and a DU such that the CU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some implementations, the CU may host upper protocol layer (e.g., an L3, an L2) functionality and signaling (e.g., radio resource control (RRC) , service data adaption protocol (SDAP) , packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) ) . The CU may be connected to one or more DUs or RUs, and the one or more DUs or RUs may host lower protocol layers, such as an L1 (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or an L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU.
[0078] Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU and an RU such that the DU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs) . In some implementations, a functional split between a CU and a DU, or between a DU and an RU may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU, a DU, or an RU, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU, the DU, or the RU) .
[0079] A CU may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU may be connected to one or more DUs via a midhaul communication link (e.g., F1, F1-C, F1-U) , and a DU may be connected to one or more RUs via a fronthaul communication link (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface) . In some implementations, a midhaul communication link or a fronthaul communication link may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities 102 that are in communication via such communication links.
[0080] The core network 106 may support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 106 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) , or a 5G core (5GC) , which may include a control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management functions (AMF) ) and a user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . In some implementations, the control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management (e.g., data bearers, signal bearers, etc. ) for the one or more UEs 104 served by the one or more network entities 102 associated with the core network 106.
[0081] The core network 106 may communicate with the packet data network 108 over one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N3, or another network interface) . The packet data network 108 may include an application server 118. In some implementations, one or more UEs 104 may communicate with the application server 118. A UE 104 may establish a session (e.g., a protocol data unit (PDU) session, or the like) with the core network 106 via a network entity 102. The core network 106 may route traffic (e.g., control information, data, and the like) between the UE 104 and the application server 118 using the established session (e.g., the established PDU session) . The PDU session may be an example of a logical connection between the UE 104 and the core network 106 (e.g., one or more network functions of the core network 106) .
[0082] In the wireless communications system 100, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may use resources of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) ) to perform various operations (e.g., wireless communications) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different resource structures. For example, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different frame structures. In some implementations, such as in 4G, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support a single frame structure. In some other implementations, such as in 5G and among other suitable radio access technologies, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures (i.e., multiple frame structures) . The network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures based on one or more numerologies.
[0083] One or more numerologies may be supported in the wireless communications system 100, and a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing and a cyclic prefix. A first numerology (e.g., μ=0) may be associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. In some implementations, the first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with the first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may utilize one slot per subframe. A second numerology (e.g., μ=1) may be associated with a second subcarrier spacing (e.g., 30 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A third numerology (e.g., μ=2) may be associated with a third subcarrier spacing (e.g., 60 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix or an extended cyclic prefix. A fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) may be associated with a fourth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 120 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A fifth numerology (e.g., μ=4) may be associated with a fifth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 240 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix.
[0084] A time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to frames (also referred to as radio frames) . Each frame may have a duration, for example, a 10 millisecond (ms) duration. In some implementations, each frame may include multiple subframes. For example, each frame may include 10 subframes, and each subframe may have a duration, for example, a 1 ms duration. In some implementations, each frame may have the same duration. In some implementations, each subframe of a frame may have the same duration.
[0085] Additionally or alternatively, a time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to slots. For example, a subframe may include a number (e.g., quantity) of slots. The number of slots in each subframe may also depend on the one or more numerologies supported in the wireless communications system 100. For instance, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth numerologies (i.e., μ=0, μ=1, μ=2, μ=3, μ=4) associated with respective subcarrier spacings of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, and 240 kHz may utilize a single slot per subframe, two slots per subframe, four slots per subframe, eight slots per subframe, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. Each slot may include a number (e.g., quantity) of symbols (e.g., OFDM symbols) . In some implementations, the number (e.g., quantity) of slots for a subframe may depend on a numerology. For a normal cyclic prefix, a slot may include 14 symbols. For an extended cyclic prefix (e.g., applicable for 60 kHz subcarrier spacing) , a slot may include 12 symbols. The relationship between the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per subframe, and the number of slots per frame for a normal cyclic prefix and an extended cyclic prefix may depend on a numerology. It should be understood that reference to a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may be used interchangeably between subframes and slots.
[0086] In the wireless communications system 100, an electromagnetic (EM) spectrum may be split, based on frequency or wavelength, into various classes, frequency bands, frequency channels, etc. By way of example, the wireless communications system 100 may support one or multiple operating frequency bands, such as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz –7.125 GHz) , FR2 (24.25 GHz –52.6 GHz) , FR3 (7.125 GHz –24.25 GHz) , FR4 (52.6 GHz –114.25 GHz) , FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz –71 GHz) , and FR5 (114.25 GHz –300 GHz) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may perform wireless communications over one or more of the operating frequency bands. In some implementations, FR1 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for cellular communications traffic (e.g., control information, data) . In some implementations, FR2 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for short-range, high data rate capabilities.
[0087] FR1 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least three numerologies) . For example, FR1 may be associated with a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) , which includes 15 kHz subcarrier spacing; a second numerology (e.g., μ=1) , which includes 30 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing. FR2 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least 2 numerologies) . For example, FR2 may be associated with a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) , which includes 120 kHz subcarrier spacing.
[0088] Fig. 2A illustrates an example scenario 200A that supports TCI state activation of SCell in LTM in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 2A, the scenario 200A may comprise the UE 104, the network entity 102-1 and the network entity 102-2 in Fig. 1.
[0089] In some scenarios, initially, the UE 104 may access to a first cell of the network entity 102-1. Then, the UE 104 may perform an LTM procedure to a second cell of the network entity 102-2. In this case, the network entity 102-1 serves as a source base station, and the network entity 102-1 serves as a candidate or target base station. For convenience, the network entity 102-1 may also be referred to as a source gNB 102-1, and the second network node 302 may also be referred to as a candidate / target gNB 102-2 hereinafter.
[0090] Fig. 2B illustrates an example scenario 200B that supports TCI state activation of SCell in LTM in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 2B, the scenario 200B may comprise the UE 104 and the network entity 102-1 in Fig. 1. The network entity 102-1 may comprise a CU 210 and DUs 220 and 230. It is to be noted that more or less DUs may also be feasible.
[0091] In the context of the present disclosure, a CU may be implemented as gNB-CU, and a DU may be implemented as gNB-DU. The gNB-CU may be a logical node hosting RRC, SDAP and PDCP protocols of the gNB or RRC and PDCP protocols of the en-gNB that controls the operation of one or more gNB-DUs. The gNB-CU terminates the F1 interface connected with the gNB-DU. The gNB-DU may be a logical node hosting RLC, MAC and PHY protocols of the gNB or en-gNB, and its operation is partly controlled by gNB-CU. One gNB-DU supports one or multiple cells. One cell is supported by only one gNB-DU. The gNB-DU terminates the F1 interface connected with the gNB-CU.
[0092] In some scenarios, initially, the UE 104 may access to a first cell of the DU 220. Then, the UE 104 may perform an LTM procedure to a second cell of the DU 230. In this case, the DU 220 serves as a source DU, and the DU 230 serves as a candidate / target DU. For convenience, the DU 220 may also be referred to as a source gNB-DU 220, and the DU 230 may also be referred to as a candidate / target gNB-DU 230 (for simplicity, shown as candidate gNB-DU 230 here) hereinafter.
[0093] In the context of the present disclosure, the term “candidate cell” may be used interchangeably with the term “LTM candidate cell” or “candidate SpCell” or “SpCell” . The term “candidate DU” may be used interchangeably with the term “target DU” or “candidate gNB-DU” or “target gNB-CU” . The term “source DU” may be used interchangeably with the term “source gNB-DU” . The term “CU” may be used interchangeably with the term “gNB-CU” . The term “candidate base station” may be used interchangeably with the term “target base station” . The term “candidate gNB” may be used interchangeably with the term “target gNB” .
[0094] Fig. 3 illustrates a signaling diagram illustrating an example process 300 that supports TCI state activation of SCell in LTM in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The process 300 may involve the UE 104 in Fig. 1, a first network node 301 and a second network node 302.
[0095] As shown in Fig. 3, the first network node 301 may receive 310 at least one TCI state configuration from the second network node 302. Each of the at least one TCI state configuration is for a respective one of at least one SCell, the at least one SCell is associated with an LTM candidate cell.
[0096] In some implementations, the TCI state configuration may be used to configure TCI related information for a cell to be used during activation of a TCI state. The TCI state associates one or two DL reference signals with a corresponding quasi-colocation type.
[0097] In turn, based on the at least one TCI state configuration, the first network node 301 transmits 320, to the UE 104, information related to activation or deactivation of at least one TCI state of the at least one SCell.
[0098] The UE 104 activate or deactivate 330 the at least one TCI state of the at least one SCell associated with the LTM candidate cell. For example, the UE 104 activate or deactivate 330 the at least one TCI state based on the information related to activation or deactivation.
[0099] With the process 300, a faster LTM cell switch to an LTM candidate cell may be achieved.
[0100] In some implementations, the first network node 301 and the second network node 302 may be implemented as the source gNB 102-1 and the target gNB 102-2 in Fig. 2A, respectively. In such implementations, the source gNB 102-1 may receive the at least one TCI state configuration from the target gNB 102-2. In turn, based on the at least one TCI state configuration, the source gNB 102-1 may transmit the information related to activation or deactivation to the UE 104 directly.
[0101] Alternatively, in some implementations, the first network node 301 and the second network node 302 may be implemented as the source gNB-DU 220 and the gNB-CU 210 in Fig. 2B, respectively. In such implementations, the source gNB-DU 220 may receive the at least one TCI state configuration from the gNB-CU 210. In turn, based on the at least one TCI state configuration, the source gNB-DU 220 may transmit the information related to activation or deactivation to the UE 104 directly.
[0102] Alternatively, in some implementations, the first network node 301 and the second network node 302 may be the gNB-CU 210 and the candidate gNB-DU 230 in Fig. 2B, respectively. In such implementations, the gNB-CU 210 may receive the at least one TCI state configuration from the candidate gNB-DU 230. In turn, based on the at least one TCI state configuration, the gNB-CU 210 may transmit the information related to activation or deactivation to the UE 104 via the source gNB-DU 220.
[0103] Fig. 4 illustrates a signaling diagram illustrating an example process 400 that supports TCI state activation of SCell in LTM in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The process 400 may be considered as an example implementation of the process 300. The process 400 may involve the UE 104, the source gNB-DU 220, the candidate gNB-DU 230 and the gNB-CU 210 in Fig. 2B. For the purpose of discussion, the process 400 will be described with reference to Fig. 2B.
[0104] Generally, in the process 400, the UE 104 may perform an intra-CU LTM procedure and the gNB-CU 210 decides to support the TCI state activation of SCell. That is, the gNB-CU 210 requests the candidate gNB-DU 230 to provide at least one TCI state configuration for at least one SCell.
[0105] Specifically, the UE 104 transmits 401 a MeasurementReport message (L3 measurement result) to the source gNB-DU 220 containing measurements of neighbouring cells. The source gNB-DU 220 transmits an UL RRC MESSAGE TRANSFER message conveying the received MeasurementReport message to the gNB-CU 210.
[0106] The gNB-CU 210 determines 402 to initiate LTM configuration.
[0107] The gNB-CU 210 transmits 403 a first message to the candidate gNB-DU 230. In some implementations, the gNB-CU 210 may transmit a UE CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message to the candidate gNB-DU 230 for each candidate SpCell, containing one SpCell ID.
[0108] In some implementations, the UE CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message may further comprise a list of at least one SCell to be setup by the candidate gNB-DU 230. The list comprise one or more SCell IDs, and each SCell ID is associated with an SCell index.
[0109] In some implementations, the UE CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message may further comprise an indicator indicating a request for at least one TCI state configuration for at least one SCell associated with the candidate SpCell.
[0110] Hereinafter, some implementations of the indicator indicating the request for at least one TCI state configuration will be described in three options.
[0111] In Option 1, the UE CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message may comprise an Early Sync (synchronization) Information Request information element (IE) . The Early Sync Information Request IE indicating a request for early sync information of the candidate SpCell comprises a list of at least one SCell. For example, the list of at least one SCell may indicate to request at least one TCI state configuration for at least one SCell associated with the candidate SpCell. In this case, the gNB-CU 210 requests the early sync information of the candidate SpCell and the associated SCells. The early sync information from the candidate gNB-DU 230 will comprise the at least one TCI state configuration for at least one SCell associated with the candidate SpCell. Table 1 gives an example of the Early Sync Information Request IE. Table 1
[0112] As shown in the last row Table 1, the Early Sync Information Request IE may comprise one or more SCell indexes (or SCell IDs) associated with a request for a TCI state configuration for the candidate SpCell.
[0113] In Option 2, the UE CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message may comprise an indicator indicating at least one TCI state configuration for at least one SCell associated with the candidate SpCell is requested. For example, the indicator is the SCell Early Sync Information Request IE indicating a request for early sync information of the SCell. In this case, the gNB-CU 210 requests the at least one TCI state configuration of the at least one SCell. Table 2 gives an example of the SCell Early Sync Information Request IE. Table 2
[0114] As shown in the last row Table 2, the UE CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message may comprise an “SCell Early Sync Information Request” IE indicating a request for early sync information of the SCell. The “SCell Early Sync Information Request” IE may also indicate that at least one TCI state configuration for at least one SCell associated with the candidate SpCell is requested.
[0115] In Option 3, the UE CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message may comprise an indicator associated with an SCell in a list of SCells to be setup. The indicator associated with the SCell indicates a request for a TCI state configuration for the SCell. For example, the indicator is “Request for TCI State Configuration” or “Request for Early Sync Information” . In this case, the candidate gNB-DU 230 should provide the TCI state configuration of the corresponding SCell. Table 3 gives an example of the SCell To Be Setup List IE. Table 3
[0116] As shown in the last row Table 3, the SCell To Be Setup List IE may comprise a “Request for TCI State Configuration” IE associated with an SCell indicated by “SCell ID” or “SCellIndex” . The “Request for TCI State Configuration” IE indicates a request for a TCI state configuration for the SCell.
[0117] In some implementations, if there are multiple candidate gNB-DUs, the gNB-CU 210 may transmit the first message to each of the multiple candidate gNB-DUs for each candidate cell. For example, the gNB-CU 220 may transmit a UE CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message to each of the multiple candidate gNB-DUs for each candidate cell.
[0118] With continued reference to Fig. 4, if the candidate gNB-DU 230 accepts the request of LTM configuration, it responds 404 with a UE CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE message including the configuration of the candidate cell group, which comprises an SpCell and one or more SCells configurations.
[0119] In one example, if the one or more SCell indexes (or SCell IDs) associated with the request for the TCI state configuration for the candidate SpCell are included in the UE CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message in action 403, the UE CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE message may further comprise the at least one TCI state configuration of at least one SCell within the requested SCells, wherein each SCell is configured with a TCI state configuration.
[0120] In another example, if the indicator is included in the UE CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message in action 403, the UE CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE message may further comprise the at least one TCI state configuration of at least one SCell within the requested SCells, wherein each SCell is configured with a TCI state configuration.
[0121] In a further example, if the indicator associated with the SCell in the list of SCells to be setup is included in the UE CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message in action 403, the UE CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE message may further comprise the at least one TCI state configuration of at least one SCell within the requested SCells, wherein each SCell is configured with a TCI state configuration.
[0122] In some implementations, the TCI state configuration may comprise at least one first TCI state. The first TCI state is for UL transmission and DL reception or for DL reception.
[0123] Alternatively or additionally, the TCI state configuration may comprise an identity (ID) of a TCI set. The TCI set comprises a list of SCells which can be updated simultaneously for TCI relation. Hereinafter, for brevity, an ID of a TCI set is also referred to as a TCI set ID. In some implementations, each candidate cell may have up to two TCI sets, where each TCI set supports simultaneous TCI state ID updating.
[0124] In some implementations, the TCI set may further comprise the candidate SpCell. In such implementations, the candidate SpCell and the SCells in the list of SCells can be updated simultaneously for TCI relation.
[0125] Alternatively or additionally, the TCI state configuration may comprise a TCI state type of the at least one first TCI state. The TCI state type set to a third predefined value indicates that the at least one first TCI state is used for DL reception, and the TCI state type set to a fourth predefined value indicates that the at least one first TCI state is used for DL reception and UL transmission. Hereinafter, the TCI state type is also referred to as a unified TCI state type.
[0126] In some implementations, the third predefined value may be any appropriate value. For example, the third predefined value may be “separate” . If the TCI state type is set to “separate” , it means the SCell is configured with DL TCI states and UL TCI states, where the first TCI state is a DL TCI state for DL reception.
[0127] In some implementations, the fourth predefined value may be any appropriate value. For example, the fourth predefined value may be “joint” . If the TCI state type is set to “joint” , it means the SCell is configured with joint TCI states for DL reception and UL transmission, i.e., the first TCI state is a joint TCI state used for DL reception and UL transmission.
[0128] In some implementations, if the TCI state type is not comprised in the TCI state configuration, the first TCI state is for DL reception.
[0129] In some implementations, if the TCI state type is set to “separate” , the TCI state configuration may further comprise at least one UL TCI state for UL transmission.
[0130] In some implementations, the CU-initiated UE Context Modification procedure may be initiated for preparing candidate cells in the source gNB-DU 220 as specified in actions 403 and 404.
[0131] The gNB-CU 210 transmits 405 a UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION REQUEST message to the source gNB-DU 220. The UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION REQUEST message may comprise a set of TCI state configurations for a set of SCells associated with each candidate SpCell in a set of candidate SpCells.
[0132] In some implementations, the UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION REQUEST message may comprise one or more candidate SpCell IDs, and each candidate SpCell ID is associated with one or more SCell indexes (or SCell IDs) , where each SCell index (SCell ID) is associated with a TCI state configuration, as shown in Table 4. Table 4
[0133] As shown in Table 4, the UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION REQUEST message may comprise an Early Sync Candidate Cell Information List IE. The Early Sync Candidate Cell Information List IE may comprise Early Sync Candidate Cell Information Item IEs. The Early Sync Candidate Cell Information Item IEs may comprise a Cell ID indicating the candidate SpCell and an SCell list associated with the Cell ID. The SCell list comprises one or more SCell indexes (or SCell IDs) and each SCell index (SCell ID) is associated with a TCI state configuration
[0134] The source gNB-DU 220 responds 406 with a UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION RESPONSE message.
[0135] The gNB-CU 210 may transmit 407 a UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION REQUEST message to the candidate gNB-DU 230.
[0136] In some implementations, in order to support subsequent LTM, the UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION REQUEST message may comprise a set of TCI state configurations for a set of SCells associated with each LTM candidate cell in a set of LTM candidate cells. Details of the set of TCI state configurations have been described with respect to the action 405.
[0137] The candidate gNB-DU 230 responds 408 with a UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION RESPONSE message.
[0138] The gNB-CU 210 transmits 409 a DL RRC MESSAGE TRANSFER message to the source gNB-DU 220, which comprises the generated RRCReconfiguration message with the LTM configuration.
[0139] In some implementations, the RRCReconfiguration message may comprise a set of TCI state configurations for a set of SCells associated with each LTM candidate cell in a set of LTM candidate cells. Details of the set of TCI state configurations have been described with respect to the action 405.
[0140] In some implementations, the RRCReconfiguration message may comprise TCI state configurations of one or more candidate SpCells. The TCI state configuration of each candidate SpCell may comprise the TCI set ID indicating the TCI set where the candidate SpCell belongs to.
[0141] In some implementations, the RRCReconfiguration message may comprise one or more TCI set IDs. Each TCI set ID is associated with one or more SCells and / or candidate SpCell.
[0142] The source gNB-DU 220 forwards 410 the received RRCReconfiguration message to the UE 104.
[0143] The UE 104 responds 411 to the source gNB-DU 220 with an RRCReconfigurationComplete message.
[0144] The source gNB-DU 220 forwards 412 the RRCReconfigurationComplete message to the gNB-CU 210 via an UL RRC MESSAGE TRANSFER message.
[0145] Then, at 413, Early TA acquisition to one or more candidate cells and / or SCells may be performed.
[0146] The source gNB-DU 220 may activate and deactivate 414 at least one TCI state of at least one SCell by transmitting information related to activation or deactivation of at least one TCI state of the at least one SCell to the UE 104.
[0147] In some implementations, the source gNB-DU 220 may transmit the information related to activation or deactivation via a first MAC CE.
[0148] In some implementations, the first MAC CE may comprise at least one of the following: - an ID of the LTM candidate cell to which the first MAC CE applies, - at least one ID of the at least one SCell, - at least one ID of the at least one TCI state for each of the at least one SCell, - a first indicator indicating whether a TCI codepoint is mapped to two TCI states or a single TCI state, or - a second indicator indicating whether an ID of a TCI state is for a first TCI state or a UL TCI state, wherein the first TCI state is used for UL transmission and DL reception or for DL reception, and the UL TCI state is used for UL transmission.
[0149] In some implementations, the first MAC CE may further comprise at least one of the following: an ID of a DL bandwidth part (BWP) , or an ID of a UL BWP.
[0150] Fig. 5 illustrates an example of the first MAC CE in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure. In the example of Fig. 5, the first MAC CE may be a Candidate Cell TCI States Activation / Deactivation MAC CE.
[0151] As shown in Fig. 5, the first MAC CE comprises a Candidate Cell ID field which indicates an ID of the LTM candidate cell (i.e., SpCell) to which the first MAC CE applies.
[0152] The first MAC CE also comprises an SCell index field which indicates an ID of an SCell associated with the LTM candidate cell indicated by the Candidate Cell ID field.
[0153] The first MAC CE also comprises one or more TCI state ID fields. Each of the TCI state fields indicates an ID of a TCI state. For example, the first MAC CE also comprises TCI state ID 1 field, TCI state ID 2 field, …., TCI state ID N field.
[0154] The first MAC CE also comprises one or more first indicators. Each first indicator indicates whether a TCI codepoint is mapped to two TCI states or a single TCI state. For example, the first MAC CE comprises Pi field, for example, where i=1, 2, …, 8.If the Pi field is set to 1, the ith TCI codepoint comprises the first TCI state and the UL TCI state. If the Pi field is set to 0, the ith TCI codepoint comprises only the first TCI state or the UL TCI state. The codepoint to which a TCI state is mapped is determined by its ordinal position among all the TCI state ID fields.
[0155] The first MAC CE also comprises one or more second indicators. Each second indicator indicates whether a TCI state ID is for a first TCI state or a UL TCI state. For example, the first MAC CE comprises a D / U field associated with the TCI state ID 1 field. If the D / U field is set to 1, the TCI state ID indicated by the TCI state ID 1 field is for a first TCI state. In addition, if the TCI state type in the TCI state configuration is set to “joint” , the first TCI state is for a joint TCI state, i.e., the TCI state is a joint TCI state used for both DL reception and UL transmission. Otherwise, the first TCI state is a DL TCI state used for DL reception. If the D / U field is set to 0, the TCI state ID indicated by the TCI state ID 1 field is for UL TCI state, i.e., for UL transmission. The UL TCI state is comprised in the first MAC CE if the TCI state type in the TCI state configuration is set to “separate” .
[0156] The first MAC CE also comprises a DL BWP ID and a UL BWP ID.
[0157] It shall be noted that although only one SCell index field is shown in Fig. 5, the first MAC CE may comprise multiple SCell index fields. In this case, for each of the multiple SCell index fields, the first MAC CE may comprise one or more TCI state ID fields. The first MAC CE may also comprise one or more D / U fields, each of which is associated with a TCI state ID field. The first MAC CE may also comprise one or more Pi fields, each of which is associated with a TCI codepoint.
[0158] In some implementations, the source gNB-DU 220 may deactivate one or more TCI states for one SCell by not including the corresponding TCI state ID field (s) in the first MAC CE.
[0159] In some implementations, if the source gNB-DU 220 did not activate one or more TCI states of the candidate SpCell before, the source gNB-DU 220 should not transmit the first MAC CE to the UE 104 to activate one or more TCI states of one or more SCells associated with the candidate SpCell.
[0160] Upon receipt of the first MAC CE, the MAC entity of the UE 104 indicates to lower layers the information related to activation or deactivation comprised in the first MAC CE.
[0161] In some implementations, if the second indicator in the first MAC CE indicates that the TCI state ID field in the first MAC CE is for the first TCI state, the UE 104 activates the first TCI state indicated by the TCI state ID field. If the second indicator indicates that the TCI state ID field is for the UL TCI state, the UE 104 activates the UL TCI state indicated by the TCI state ID field.
[0162] In some implementations, if a TCI state type in a TCI state configuration is set to a third predefined value (e.g., “separate” ) so as to indicate that the at least one first TCI state is used for DL reception, the TCI state configuration comprises the at least one first TCI state for DL reception. Thus, the UE 104 considers the activated at least one first TCI state is for DL reception.
[0163] Alternatively, if the TCI state type is set to a fourth predefined value (e.g., “joint” ) so as to indicate that the at least one first TCI state is used for DL reception and UL transmission, the TCI state configuration comprises the at least one first TCI state for DL reception and UL transmission. Thus, the UE 104 considers the activated at least one first TCI state is for DL reception and UL transmission.
[0164] In some implementations, if multiple SCells are configured with the same TCI set ID, the UE 104 activates TCI states for the multiple SCells. The TCI set comprises a list of SCells which can be updated simultaneously for TCI relation with the first MAC CE.
[0165] In some implementations, if multiple SCells and the LTM candidate cell (i.e., candidate SpCell) are configured with the same TCI set ID and the first MAC CE comprises at least one identity of at least one TCI state, the UE 104 activates TCI states for the multiple SCells and at least one TCI state for the LTM candidate cell, even if the SCell index field in the first MAC CE is set to 0 or the SCell index field is not comprised in the first MAC CE.
[0166] In some implementations, the TCI state activation of the SCell may be independent from the TCI state activation of the candidate SpCell.
[0167] Alternatively, in some implementations, the TCI state activation of the SCell may be triggered after the TCI state activation of the candidate SpCell. In such implementations, after activating at least one TCI state for the LTM candidate cell (i.e., candidate SpCell) , the UE 104 activates the at least one TCI state for the at least one SCell associated with the LTM candidate cell.
[0168] In such implementations, if at least one TCI state for the LTM candidate cell (i.e., candidate SpCell) was not activated (i.e., deactivated) , the UE 104 may not activate the at least one TCI state for the at least one SCell associated with the LTM candidate cell.
[0169] Return to Fig. 4, the UE 104 transmits 415 the L1 measurement result to the source gNB-DU 220.
[0170] The source gNB-DU 220 decides 416 to execute LTM to a target cell.
[0171] The source gNB-DU 220 transmits 417 a second MAC CE to the UE 104. The second MAC CE is used for triggering LTM cell switch to the LTM candidate cell. The second MAC CE is also referred to as a Cell Switch Command MAC CE.
[0172] Fig. 6 illustrates an example of the Cell Switch Command MAC CE in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure. In the example of Fig. 6, the Cell Switch Command MAC CE may comprise a target configuration ID, which indicates the index of LTM candidate configuration to apply for LTM cell switch, corresponding to LTM-CandidateID minus 1.
[0173] The Cell Switch Command MAC CE may also comprise one or more SCell index fields. Each of the one or more SCell index fields indicates an SCell index associated with the LTM candidate cell indicating an SCell to be activated. For example, the Cell Switch Command MAC CE may comprise SCell index field 1, SCell index field 2,…, SCell index field N.
[0174] The Cell Switch Command MAC CE may also comprise a field (e.g., first TCI state ID field) indicating and activating the first TCI state for the corresponding SCell indicated by the SCell index field.
[0175] Optionally, the Cell Switch Command MAC CE may also comprise a field (e.g., UL TCI state field) indicating and activating the UL TCI state for the corresponding SCell indicated by the SCell index field.
[0176] The Cell Switch Command MAC CE may also comprise a DL BWP ID and a UL BWP ID associated with each SCell index field.
[0177] If a TCI state ID field is set to zero, it indicates that no TCI state ID is valid for the respective SCell. If the TCI state field is set to a non-zero value, it indicates and activates a TCI state indicated by the non-zero value for the respective SCell.
[0178] Fig. 7 illustrates an example of the Cell Switch Command MAC CE in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure. In the example of Fig. 7, the Cell Switch Command MAC CE may comprise a target configuration ID, which indicates the index of LTM candidate configuration to apply for LTM cell switch, corresponding to LTM-CandidateID minus 1.
[0179] The Cell Switch Command MAC CE may also comprise a list of SCell fields and a list of TCI state fields. For example, the Cell Switch Command MAC CE may comprise SCell i field (represented by Si) associated with an SCell index i, for example, where i=1, 2, …, 7. Each SCell field in the list of SCell fields indicates an activation / deactivation status of the SCell with the SCell index i.
[0180] If each SCell field in the list of SCell fields is set to a first predefined value, it indicates the activation status of the respective SCell and a TCI state field for the respective SCell is included in the list of TCI state fields. For example, the SCell i field is set to 1 to indicate that the SCell with SCell index i shall be activated and that a TCI state field is comprised for the SCell.
[0181] If each SCell field set to a second predefined value indicates the deactivation status of the respective SCell and no TCI state field for the respective SCell is included in the list of TCI state fields. For example, the SCell i field is set to 0 to indicate that the SCell with SCell index i shall be deactivated and that no TCI state field is comprised for this SCell.
[0182] If a TCI state ID field in the list of TCI state fields is set to zero, it indicates that no TCI state ID is valid for the respective SCell. If the TCI state field is set to a non-zero value, it indicates and activates a TCI state indicated by the non-zero value for the respective SCell.
[0183] In some implementations, if a TCI state type in a TCI state configuration is set to a third predefined value (e.g., “separate” ) so as to indicate that the at least one first TCI state is used for DL reception, the Cell Switch Command MAC CE may comprise one of the at least one first TCI state for DL reception and a UL TCI state for UL transmission for an SCell. The UE 104 considers the activated first TCI state is a DL TCI state. For example, the first TCI state is used for DL reception.
[0184] Alternatively, if the TCI state type is set to a fourth predefined value (e.g., “joint” ) so as to indicate that the at least one first TCI state is used for DL reception and UL transmission, the Cell Switch Command MAC CE may comprise one of the at least one first TCI state for DL reception and UL transmission for an SCell. In this case, the Cell Switch Command MAC CE may not comprise a UL TCI state for UL transmission for the SCell. The UE 104 considers the activated first TCI state is a joint TCI state. For example, the first TCI state is used for both DL reception and UL transmission.
[0185] The Cell Switch Command MAC CE may also comprise a DL BWP ID and a UL BWP ID associated with SCell i field.
[0186] Return to Fig. 4, upon receipt of the first MAC CE, the MAC entity of the UE 104 indicates to lower layers the information related to activation or deactivation comprised in the Cell Switch Command MAC CE.
[0187] In some implementations, if the first TCI state ID is received in the Cell Switch Command MAC CE, the UE 104 activates the first TCI state indicated by the first TCI state ID. In addition, the UE 104 may deactivate all the activated first TCI states in the first MAC CE except the first TCI state received in the Cell Switch Command MAC CE during the cell switch execution.
[0188] In some implementations, if the TCI state type in the TCI state configuration is set to a fourth predefined value (e.g., “joint” ) so as to indicate that the TCI state configuration comprises a first UL TCI state, the UE 104 considers the activated first TCI state is for joint TCI state. For example, the first TCI state is used for both DL reception and UL transmission. Otherwise, the UE 104 considers the activated first TCI state is for DL reception.
[0189] In some implementations, if the UL TCI state ID is received in the Cell Switch Command MAC CE, the UE 104 activates the UL TCI state indicated by the UL TCI state ID. In addition, the UE 104 may deactivate all the activated UL TCI states except the UL TCI state received in the Cell Switch Command MAC CE during the cell switch execution.
[0190] In some implementations, if multiple SCells are configured with the same TCI set ID, thE Cell Switch Command MAC CE applies to all the corresponding SCells. That is, the UE 104 may activate the one or more TCI states for all the SCell (s) configured with the same TCI set ID.
[0191] In some implementations, if multiple SCells and the candidate SpCell are configured with the same TCI set ID and at least one TCI state of the candidate SpCell is included in the Cell Switch Command MAC CE, the UE 104 may activate the at least one TCI state for the SCells and the at least one TCI state for the candidate SpCell, even if the TCI state IDs of the SCells are not included in the Cell Switch Command MAC CE.
[0192] In some implementations, if the TCI state ID of the candidate SpCell is not included in the Cell Switch Command MAC CE, the UE 104 should not activate the at least one TCI state for the at least one SCell associated with the candidate SpCell.
[0193] The source gNB-DU 220 transmits 418 a second message to the gNB-CU 210 to indicate the initiation of the Cell Switch Command to the UE104, including the target cell ID (SpCell ID) . In some implementations, the second message may comprise a DU-CU CELL SWITCH NOTIFICATION message.
[0194] In some implementations, the DU-CU CELL SWITCH NOTIFICATION message may comprise one or more IDs of one or more SCells associated with the LTM candidate cell (i.e., candidate SpCell) . Each of the one or more SCells is associated with a TCI state field indicating an activated TCI state for a respective SCell among the one or more SCells. The TCI state field comprises an ID of a first TCI state for the respective SCell. Optionally, the TCI state field comprises the UL TCI state ID.
[0195] The gNB-CU 210 forwards 419 in the CU-DU CELL SWITCH NOTIFICATION message to the target gNB-DU 230 the target cell ID received in action 418.
[0196] The CU-DU CELL SWITCH NOTIFICATION message may comprise one or more IDs of one or more SCells associated with the LTM candidate cell (i.e., candidate SpCell) . Each of the one or more SCells is associated with a TCI state field indicating an activated TCI state for a respective SCell among the one or more SCells. The TCI state field comprises an ID of a first TCI state for the respective SCell. Optionally, the TCI state field comprises the UL TCI state ID.
[0197] The UE 104 accesses 420 to the target cell.
[0198] Fig. 8 illustrates a signaling diagram illustrating an example process 800 that supports TCI state activation of SCell in LTM in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The process 800 may be considered as an example implementation of the process 300. The process 800 may involve the UE 104, the source gNB-DU 220, the candidate gNB-DU 230 and the gNB-CU 210 in Fig. 2B. For the purpose of discussion, the process 800 will be described with reference to Fig. 2B.
[0199] Generally, in the process 800, the UE 104 may perform an intra-CU LTM procedure and the candidate gNB-DU 230 decides to support the TCI state activation of SCell. In this case, the gNB-CU 210 does not request the candidate gNB-DU 230 to provide at least one TCI state configuration for at least one SCell. For example, the UE CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message may not comprise an indicator indicating a request for at least one TCI state configuration for at least one SCell associated with the candidate SpCell.
[0200] Specifically, the UE 104 transmits 801 a MeasurementReport message (L3 measurement result) to the source gNB-DU 220 containing measurements of neighbouring cells. The source gNB-DU 220 transmits an UL RRC MESSAGE TRANSFER message conveying the received MeasurementReport message to the gNB-CU 210.
[0201] The gNB-CU 210 determines 802 to initiate LTM configuration.
[0202] The gNB-CU 210 transmits 803 a UE CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message to the candidate gNB-DU 230 for each candidate SpCell, containing one SpCell ID.
[0203] In some implementations, the UE CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message may further comprise a list of at least one SCell to be setup by the candidate gNB-DU 230. The list comprise one or more SCell IDs, and each SCell ID is associated with an SCell index.
[0204] In some implementations, the UE CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message may further comprise an indicator indicating a request for early sync information for the candidate SpCell.
[0205] In some implementations, if there are multiple candidate gNB-DUs, the gNB-CU 220 may transmit a UE CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message to each of the multiple candidate gNB-DUs for each candidate cell.
[0206] If the candidate gNB-DU 230 accepts the request of LTM configuration, it responds 804 with a UE CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE message including the configuration of the candidate cell group, which comprises an SpCell and one or more SCells configuration.
[0207] In some implementations, if the indicator indicating the request for early sync information for the candidate SpCell is comprised in the UE CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message in action 803, the candidate gNB-DU 230 may decide to support the TCI state activation of SCell. In such implementations, the UE CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE message may further comprise a TCI state configuration of the SpCell and at least one TCI state configuration for at least one SCell, where each SCell is configured with a TCI state configuration, and the at least one SCell is within the list of SCells to be setup comprised in the UE CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message in action 803.
[0208] Some implementations of a TCI state configuration for an SCell have been described with reference to Fig. 4. Details of these implementations are omitted for brevity.
[0209] In some implementations, the CU-initiated UE Context Modification procedure may be initiated for preparing candidate cells in the source gNB-DU 220 as specified in actions 803 and 804.
[0210] Actions 805 to 820 are the same as actions 405 to 420, respectively. Details of these actions are omitted for brevity.
[0211] It shall be noted that although the process 800 has been described by taking the intra-CU LTM procedure for example, a process similar to the process 800 may be applicable to an inter-CU LTM procedure. In this case, the source gNB-DU 210 may be connected to a further gNB-CU different from the gNB-CU 210. The candidate gNB-DU 230 decides to support the TCI state activation of SCell and provides at least one TCI state configuration for at least one SCell to the gNB-CU 210. The gNB-CU 210 may transmit the at least one TCI state configuration for at least one SCell to the source gNB-DU 210 via the further gNB-CU.
[0212] Fig. 9 illustrates a signaling diagram illustrating an example process 900 that supports TCI state activation of SCell in LTM in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The process 900 may be considered as another example implementation of the process 300. The process 900 may involve the source gNB 102-1, the candidate gNB 102-2 and the UE 104 in Fig. 2A. For the purpose of discussion, the process 900 will be described with reference to Fig. 2A.
[0213] Generally, in the process 900, initially, the UE 104 may access to a cell or a cell group of the source gNB 102-1. Then, the UE 104 may perform an LTM procedure to a cell group of the candidate gNB 102-2. In the process 900, candidate gNB 102-2 decides to support the TCI state activation of SCell.
[0214] As shown in Fig. 9, the UE 104 transmits 901 a MeasurementReport message (L3 measurement result) to the source gNB 102-1 containing measurements of neighbouring cells.
[0215] The source gNB 102-1 decides 902 to configure LTM.
[0216] The source gNB 102-1 requests 903 LTM for one or more candidate cells belonging to one or more candidate gNBs. For example, the candidate gNBs may comprise the candidate gNB 102-2 and one or more potential candidate gNBs 260. The source gNB 102-1 initiates a HANDOVER REQUEST message per candidate cell containing one candidate cell ID (i.e., SpCell ID) .
[0217] The HANDOVER REQUEST message may further comprise an indicator indicating the request of early sync information for the candidate SpCell.
[0218] At 904, admission Control may be performed by the one or more candidate cells / one or more candidate gNBs.
[0219] At 905, each of the candidate gNB 102-2 and one or more potential candidate gNBs 260 may prepare and provide one or more LTM configurations to the source gNB 102-1. Each of the candidate gNB 102-2 and one or more potential candidate gNBs 260 may respond (with HANDOVER REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE) to the source gNB 102-1 including the generated RRC configuration for the accepted candidate cell.
[0220] The generated RRC configuration for the accepted candidate cell may comprise an SpCell configuration and one or more SCell configurations. In this case, if an indicator indicating a request for early sync information for the candidate SpCell is comprised in the HANDOVER REQUEST message in action 903, the generated RRC configuration and the HANDOVER REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE message further comprises the TCI state configuration of the SpCell and at least one TCI state configuration of at least one SCell, where each SCell is configured with a TCI state configuration.
[0221] Some implementations of a TCI state configuration for an SCell have been described with reference to Fig. 4. Details of these implementations are omitted for brevity.
[0222] In some implementations, the HANDOVER REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE message further comprises one or more TCI set IDs. Each TCI set ID is associated with one or more SCells and / or candidate SpCell.
[0223] The source gNB 102-1 transmits 906 an LTM CONFIGURATION UPDATE message to each of the candidate gNB 102-2 and one or more potential candidate gNBs 260 to update the LTM configurations of candidate cells.
[0224] In some implementations, in order to support subsequent LTM, the LTM CONFIGURATION UPDATE message may comprise a set of TCI state configurations for a set of SCells associated with each LTM candidate cell in a set of LTM candidate cells.
[0225] For example, the LTM CONFIGURATION UPDATE message may comprise one or more candidate SpCell IDs, and each candidate SpCell ID is associated with one or more SCell indexes (or SCell IDs) , where each SCell index (SCell ID) is associated with a TCI state configuration.
[0226] For example, the LTM CONFIGURATION UPDATE message may comprise the Early Sync Candidate Cell Information List IE as shown in Table 4. The Early Sync Candidate Cell Information List IE may comprise Early Sync Candidate Cell Information Item IEs. The Early Sync Candidate Cell Information Item IEs may comprise a Cell ID indicating the candidate SpCell and an SCell list associated with the Cell ID. The SCell list comprises one or more SCell indexes (or SCell IDs) and each SCell index (SCell ID) is associated with a TCI state configuration.
[0227] The candidate gNB 102-2 transmits 907 the LTM CONFIGURATION UPDATE ACKNOWLEDGE message to the source gNB 102-1.
[0228] The source gNB 102-1 transmits 908 an RRCReconfiguration message to the UE 104, including the received generated RRC configuration in action 905.
[0229] In some implementations, the RRCReconfiguration message comprises the at least one TCI state configuration for at least one SCell associated with each candidate SpCell.
[0230] In some implementations, the RRCReconfiguration message may comprise the TCI state configurations of one or more candidate SpCell. The TCI state configuration of each candidate SpCell may comprise the TCI set ID indicating the TCI set where the candidate SpCell belongs to.
[0231] In some implementations, the RRCReconfiguration message may comprise one or more TCI set IDs, where each TCI set ID is associated with one or more SCells and / or candidate SpCell.
[0232] The UE 104 stores the LTM candidate configurations and transmits 909 an RRCReconfigurationComplete message to the source gNB 102-1.
[0233] At 910, early TA acquisition to the one or more candidate cells and / or SCells may be performed.
[0234] The source gNB 102-1 may activate and deactivate at least one TCI state of at least one SCell by transmitting 911 information related to activation or deactivation of at least one TCI state of the at least one SCell to the UE 104.
[0235] In some implementations, the source gNB 102-1 may transmit the information related to activation or deactivation via the first MAC CE.
[0236] In some implementations, the first MAC CE may comprise at least one of the following: - an ID of the LTM candidate cell to which the first MAC CE applies, - at least one ID of the at least one SCell, - at least one ID of the at least one TCI state for each of the at least one SCell, - a first indicator indicating whether a TCI codepoint is mapped to two TCI states or a single TCI state, or - a second indicator indicating whether an ID of a TCI state is for a first TCI state or a UL TCI state, wherein the first TCI state is used for UL transmission and DL reception or for DL reception, and the UL TCI state is used for UL transmission.
[0237] In some implementations, the first MAC CE may further comprise at least one of the following: an ID of a DL BWP, or an ID of a UL BWP.
[0238] In some implementations, the first MAC CE may be in a format as shown in Fig. 5.
[0239] In some implementations, the source gNB 102-1 may deactivate one or more TCI states for one SCell by not including the corresponding TCI state ID field (s) in the first MAC CE.
[0240] In some implementations, if the source gNB 102-1 did not activate one or more TCI states of the candidate SpCell before, the source gNB 102-1 should not transmit the first MAC CE to the UE 104 to activate one or more TCI states of one or more SCells associated with the candidate SpCell.
[0241] Upon receipt of the first MAC CE, the MAC entity of the UE 104 indicates to lower layers the information related to activation or deactivation comprised in the first MAC CE.
[0242] In some implementations, if the second indicator in the first MAC CE indicates that the TCI state ID field in the first MAC CE is for the first TCI state, the UE 104 activates the first TCI state indicated by the TCI state ID field. If the second indicator indicates that the TCI state ID field is for the UL TCI state, the UE 104 activates the UL TCI state indicated by the TCI state ID field.
[0243] In some implementations, if a TCI state type in a TCI state configuration is set to a third predefined value (e.g., “separate” ) so as to indicate that the at least one first TCI state is used for DL reception, the TCI state configuration comprises the at least one first TCI state for DL reception. Thus, the UE 104 considers the activated at least one first TCI state is for DL reception.
[0244] Alternatively, if the TCI state type is set to a fourth predefined value (e.g., “joint” ) so as to indicate that the at least one first TCI state is used for DL reception and UL transmission, the TCI state configuration comprises the at least one first TCI state for DL reception and UL transmission. Thus, the UE 104 considers the activated at least one first TCI state is for DL reception and UL transmission.
[0245] In some implementations, if multiple SCells are configured with the same TCI set ID, the UE 104 activates TCI states for the multiple SCells. The TCI set comprises a list of SCells which can be updated simultaneously for TCI relation with the first MAC CE.
[0246] In some implementations, if multiple SCells and the LTM candidate cell (i.e., candidate SpCell) are configured with the same TCI set ID and the first MAC CE comprises at least one identity of at least one TCI state, the UE 104 activates TCI states for the multiple SCells and at least one TCI state for the LTM candidate cell, even if the SCell index field in the first MAC CE is set to 0 or the SCell index field is not comprised in the first MAC CE.
[0247] In some implementations, the TCI state activation of the SCell may be independent from the TCI state activation of the candidate SpCell.
[0248] Alternatively, in some implementations, the TCI state activation of the SCell may be triggered after the TCI state activation of the candidate SpCell. In such implementations, after activating at least one TCI state for the LTM candidate cell (i.e., candidate SpCell) , the UE 104 activates the at least one TCI state for the at least one SCell associated with the LTM candidate cell.
[0249] In such implementations, if at least one TCI state for the LTM candidate cell (i.e., candidate SpCell) was not activated (i.e., deactivated) , the UE 104 may not activate the at least one TCI state for the at least one SCell associated with the LTM candidate cell.
[0250] With continued reference to Fig. 9, the UE 104 performs L1 or L3 measurements on the one or more configured LTM candidate cells and transmits 912 L1 or L3 measurement reports to the source gNB 102-1.
[0251] The source gNB 102-1 determines 913 to initiate LTM.
[0252] The source gNB 102-1 decides to execute cell switch to a target cell and transmits 914 a Cell Switch Command MAC CE triggering cell switch by including a target configuration ID which indicates the index of the candidate configuration.
[0253] In some implementations, the Cell Switch Command MAC CE may further comprise the at least one TCI state ID for the at least one SCell associated with the target cell.
[0254] In some implementations, the Cell Switch Command MAC CE may comprise at least one of the following: - an SCell index associated with the LTM candidate cell indicating an SCell to be activated, - an ID of a first TCI state indicating and activating the first TCI state for the SCell, or - an ID of a UL TCI state indicating and activating the UL TCI state for the SCell.
[0255] In some implementations, the Cell Switch Command MAC CE may further comprise at least one of the following: an ID of a DL BWP, or an ID of a UL BWP.
[0256] For example, the Cell Switch Command MAC CE may be in a format as shown in Fig. 6.
[0257] Alternatively, in some implementations, the Cell Switch Command MAC CE may a list of SCell fields and a list of TCI state fields. Each SCell field in the list of SCell fields set to a first predefined value indicates the activation status of the respective SCell and a TCI state field for the respective SCell is included in the list of TCI state fields. Each SCell field set to a second predefined value indicates the deactivation status of the respective SCell and no TCI state field for the respective SCell is included in the list of TCI state fields. Alternatively, each TCI state field in the list of TCI state fields set to zero indicates that no TCI state ID is valid for the respective SCell, and each TCI state field set to a non-zero value indicates and activates a TCI state indicated by the non-zero value for the respective SCell. For example, the Cell Switch Command MAC CE may be in a format as shown in Fig. 7.
[0258] Return to Fig. 9, upon receipt of the first MAC CE, the MAC entity of the UE 104 indicates to lower layers the information related to activation or deactivation comprised in the Cell Switch Command MAC CE.
[0259] In some implementations, if the first TCI state ID is received in the Cell Switch Command MAC CE, the UE 104 activates the first TCI state indicated by the first TCI state ID. In addition, the UE 104 may deactivate all the activated first TCI states in the first MAC CE except the first TCI state received in the Cell Switch Command MAC CE during the cell switch execution.
[0260] In some implementations, if a TCI state type in a TCI state configuration is set to a third predefined value (e.g., “separate” ) so as to indicate that the at least one first TCI state is used for DL reception, the Cell Switch Command MAC CE may comprise one of the at least one first TCI state for DL reception and a UL TCI state for UL transmission for an SCell. The UE 104 considers the activated first TCI state is a DL TCI state. For example, the first TCI state is used for DL reception.
[0261] Alternatively, if the TCI state type is set to a fourth predefined value (e.g., “joint” ) so as to indicate that the at least one first TCI state is used for DL reception and UL transmission, the Cell Switch Command MAC CE may comprise one of the at least one first TCI state for DL reception and UL transmission for an SCell. In this case, the Cell Switch Command MAC CE may not comprise a UL TCI state for UL transmission for the SCell. The UE 104 considers the activated first TCI state is a joint TCI state. For example, the first TCI state is used for both DL reception and UL transmission.
[0262] In some implementations, if the UL TCI state ID is received in the Cell Switch Command MAC CE, the UE 104 activates the UL TCI state indicated by the UL TCI state ID. In addition, the UE 104 may deactivate all the activated UL TCI states except the UL TCI state received in the Cell Switch Command MAC CE during the cell switch execution.
[0263] In some implementations, if multiple SCells are configured with the same TCI set ID, thE Cell Switch Command MAC CE applies to all the corresponding SCells. That is, the UE 104 may activate the one or more TCI states for all the SCell (s) configured with the same TCI set ID.
[0264] In some implementations, if multiple SCells and the candidate SpCell are configured with the same TCI set ID and at least one TCI state of the candidate SpCell is included in the Cell Switch Command MAC CE, the UE 104 may activate the at least one TCI state for the SCells and the at least one TCI state for the candidate SpCell, even if the TCI state IDs of the SCells are not included in the Cell Switch Command MAC CE.
[0265] In some implementations, if the TCI state ID of the candidate SpCell is not included in the Cell Switch Command MAC CE, the UE 104 should not activate the at least one TCI state for the at least one SCell associated with the candidate SpCell.
[0266] The source gNB 102-1 transmits 915 a second message to the target gNB 102-2 to indicate the initiation of the Cell Switch Command to the UE 104, including the target cell ID (SpCell ID) . In some implementations, the second message may comprise a CELL SWITCH NOTIFICATION message.
[0267] In some implementations, the CELL SWITCH NOTIFICATION message may comprise one or more IDs of one or more SCells associated with the LTM candidate cell (i.e., candidate SpCell) . Each of the one or more SCells is associated with a TCI state field indicating an activated TCI state for a respective SCell among the one or more SCells. The TCI state field comprises an ID of a first TCI state for the respective SCell. Optionally, the TCI state field comprises the UL TCI state ID.
[0268] The UE 104 accesses 916 to the target cell.
[0269] Fig. 10 illustrates an example of a device 1000 that supports TCI state activation of SCell in LTM in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1000 may be an example of a network entity 102 or a UE 104 as described herein. The device 1000 may support wireless communication with one or more network entities 102, UEs 104, or any combination thereof. The device 1000 may include components for bi-directional communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a processor 1002, a memory 1004, a transceiver 1006, and, optionally, an I / O controller 1008. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0270] The processor 1002, the memory 1004, the transceiver 1006, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. For example, the processor 1002, the memory 1004, the transceiver 1006, or various combinations or components thereof may support a method for performing one or more of the operations described herein.
[0271] In some implementations, the processor 1002, the memory 1004, the transceiver 1006, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some implementations, the processor 1002 and the memory 1004 coupled with the processor 1002 may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 1002, instructions stored in the memory 1004) .
[0272] For example, the processor 1002 may support wireless communication at the device 1000 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 1002 may be configured to operable to support a means for performing the following: receiving at least one TCI state configuration, wherein each of the at least one TCI state configuration is for a respective one of at least one SCell, the at least one SCell is associated with an LTM candidate cell; and transmitting, based on the at least one TCI state configuration to a UE, information related to activation or deactivation of at least one TCI state of the at least one SCell.
[0273] Alternatively, in some implementations, the processor 1002 may be configured to operable to support a means for performing the following: receiving information related to activation or deactivation of at least one TCI state of at least one SCell, the at least one SCell is associated with an LTM candidate cell; and activating or deactivating the at least one TCI state.
[0274] The processor 1002 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof) . In some implementations, the processor 1002 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other implementations, a memory controller may be integrated into the processor 1002. The processor 1002 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 1004) to cause the device 1000 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.
[0275] The memory 1004 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM) . The memory 1004 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 1002 cause the device 1000 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some implementations, the code may not be directly executable by the processor 1002 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some implementations, the memory 1004 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
[0276] The I / O controller 1008 may manage input and output signals for the device 1000. The I / O controller 1008 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device M02. In some implementations, the I / O controller 1008 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some implementations, the I / O controller 1008 may utilize an operating system such as or another known operating system. In some implementations, the I / O controller 1008 may be implemented as part of a processor, such as the processor 1006. In some implementations, a user may interact with the device 1000 via the I / O controller 1008 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 1008.
[0277] In some implementations, the device 1000 may include a single antenna 1010. However, in some other implementations, the device 1000 may have more than one antenna 1010 (i.e., multiple antennas) , including multiple antenna panels or antenna arrays, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 1006 may communicate bi-directionally, via the one or more antennas 1010, wired, or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 1006 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1006 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 1010 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 1010. The transceiver 1006 may include one or more transmit chains, one or more receive chains, or a combination thereof.
[0278] A transmit chain may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) . The transmit chain may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM) , frequency modulation (FM) , or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) . The transmit chain may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmit chain may also include one or more antennas 1010 for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.
[0279] A receive chain may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receive chain may include one or more antennas 1010 for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receive chain may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA) ) configured to amplify the received signal. The receive chain may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receive chain may include at least one decoder for decoding the processing the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.
[0280] Fig. 11 illustrates an example of a processor 1100 that supports TCI state activation of SCell in LTM in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The processor 1100 may be an example of a processor configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 1100 may include a controller 1102 configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 1100 may optionally include at least one memory 1104, such as L1 / L2 / L3 cache. Additionally, or alternatively, the processor 1100 may optionally include one or more arithmetic-logic units (ALUs) 1106. One or more of these components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0281] The processor 1100 may be a processor chipset and include a protocol stack (e.g., a software stack) executed by the processor chipset to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor chipset may include one or more cores, one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 1100) or other memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , dynamic RAM (DRAM) , synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM) , static RAM (SRAM) , ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) , magnetic RAM (MRAM) , resistive RAM (RRAM) , flash memory, phase change memory (PCM) , and others) .
[0282] The controller 1102 may be configured to manage and coordinate various operations (e.g., signaling, receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) of the processor 1100 to cause the processor 1100 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. For example, the controller 1102 may operate as a control unit of the processor 1100, generating control signals that manage the operation of various components of the processor 1100. These control signals include enabling or disabling functional units, selecting data paths, initiating memory access, and coordinating timing of operations.
[0283] The controller 1102 may be configured to fetch (e.g., obtain, retrieve, receive) instructions from the memory 1104 and determine subsequent instruction (s) to be executed to cause the processor 1100 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The controller 1102 may be configured to track memory address of instructions associated with the memory 1104. The controller 1102 may be configured to decode instructions to determine the operation to be performed and the operands involved. For example, the controller 1102 may be configured to interpret the instruction and determine control signals to be output to other components of the processor 1100 to cause the processor 1100 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. Additionally, or alternatively, the controller 1102 may be configured to manage flow of data within the processor 1100. The controller 1102 may be configured to control transfer of data between registers, arithmetic logic units (ALUs) , and other functional units of the processor 1100.
[0284] The memory 1104 may include one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor 1100 or other memory, such RAM, ROM, DRAM, SDRAM, SRAM, MRAM, flash memory, etc. In some implementation, the memory 1104 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., local to the processor 1100) . In some other implementations, the memory 1104 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., remote to the processor 1100) .
[0285] The memory 1104 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 1100, cause the processor 1100 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. The controller 1102 and / or the processor 1100 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 1104 to cause the processor 1100 to perform various functions. For example, the processor 1100 and / or the controller 1102 may be coupled with or to the memory 1104, the processor 1100, the controller 1102, and the memory 1104 may be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the processor 1100 may include multiple processors and the memory 1104 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein.
[0286] The one or more ALUs 1106 may be configured to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementation, the one or more ALUs 1106 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., the processor 1100) . In some other implementations, the one or more ALUs 1106 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 1100) . One or more ALUs 1106 may perform one or more computations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on data. For example, one or more ALUs 1106 may receive input operands and an operation code, which determines an operation to be executed. One or more ALUs 1106 be configured with a variety of logical and arithmetic circuits, including adders, subtractors, shifters, and logic gates, to process and manipulate the data according to the operation. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more ALUs 1106 may support logical operations such as AND, OR, exclusive-OR (XOR) , not-OR (NOR) , and not-AND (NAND) , enabling the one or more ALUs 1106 to handle conditional operations, comparisons, and bitwise operations.
[0287] The processor 1100 may support wireless communication at the device 1000 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 1100 may be configured to operable to support a means for performing the following: receiving at least one TCI state configuration, wherein each of the at least one TCI state configuration is for a respective one of at least one SCell, the at least one SCell is associated with an LTM candidate cell; and transmitting, based on the at least one TCI state configuration to a UE, information related to activation or deactivation of at least one TCI state of the at least one SCell.
[0288] Alternatively, in some implementations, the processor 1100 may be configured to operable to support a means for performing the following: receiving information related to activation or deactivation of at least one TCI state of at least one SCell, the at least one SCell is associated with an LTM candidate cell; and activating or deactivating the at least one TCI state.
[0289] Fig. 12 illustrates a flowchart of a method 1200 that supports TCI state activation of SCell in LTM in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1200 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1200 may be performed by the first network node 301 (e.g., a network entity 102-1) as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0290] At 1210, the method may include receiving at least one TCI state configuration, wherein each of the at least one TCI state configuration is for a respective one of at least one SCell, the at least one SCell is associated with an LTM candidate cell. The operations of 1210 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1210 may be performed by a device as described with reference to Fig. 1, 2A, 2B or 3.
[0291] At 1220, the method may include transmitting, based on the at least one TCI state configuration to a UE, information related to activation or deactivation of at least one TCI state of the at least one SCell. The operations of 1220 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1220 may be performed by a device as described with reference to Fig. 1, 2A, 2B or 3.
[0292] Fig. 13 illustrates a flowchart of a method 1300 that supports TCI state activation of SCell in LTM in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1300 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1300 may be performed by a UE 104 as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0293] At 1310, the method may include receiving information related to activation or deactivation of at least one TCI state of at least one SCell, the at least one SCell is associated with an LTM candidate cell. The operations of 1310 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1310 may be performed by a device as described with reference to Fig. 1, 2 or 3.
[0294] At 1320, the method may include activating or deactivating the at least one TCI state. The operations of 1320 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1320 may be performed by a device as described with reference to Fig. 1, 2 or 3.
[0295] It shall be noted that implementations of the present disclosure which have been described with reference to Figs. 1 to 9 are also applicable to the device 1000, the processor 1100 as well as the methods 1200 and 1300.
[0296] It should be noted that the methods described herein describes possible implementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.
[0297] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
[0298] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.
[0299] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor.
[0300] As used herein, including in the claims, an article “a” before an element is unrestricted and understood to refer to “at least one” of those elements or “one or more” of those elements. The terms “a, ” “at least one, ” “one or more, ” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of” or “one or both of” ) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. Further, as used herein, including in the claims, a “set” may include one or more elements.
[0301] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1.A first network node, comprising:a processor; anda transceiver coupled to the processor,wherein the processor is configured to:receive at least one transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state configuration, wherein each of the at least one TCI state configuration is for a respective one of at least one secondary cell (SCell) , the at least one SCell is associated with a layer 1 or layer 2 triggered mobility (LTM) candidate cell; andtransmit, based on the at least one TCI state configuration via the transceiver to a user equipment (UE) , information related to activation or deactivation of at least one TCI state of the at least one SCell.2.The first network node of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to receive a set of TCI state configuration for a set of SCells associated with each LTM candidate cell in a set of LTM candidate cells via the transceiver from a second network node.3.The first network node of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to transmit a set of TCI state configurations for a set of SCells associated with each LTM candidate cell in a set of LTM candidate cells via the transceiver to a second network node.4.The first network node of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to:transmit a first message via the transceiver to a second network node, wherein the first message comprises one of the following:a list of the at least one SCell associated with a request for a TCI state configuration for the LTM candidate cell,the list of the at least one SCell and a fourth indicator indicating the at least one TCI state configuration for the at least one SCell is requested, oran indicator associated with an SCell in a list of SCells to be setup, wherein the indicator associated with the SCell indicates a request for a TCI state configuration for the SCell.5.The first network node of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to:transmit a second message via the transceiver to a second network node, wherein the second message comprises one or more identities of one or more SCells associated with the LTM candidate cell, each of the one or more SCells is associated with a TCI state field indicating an activated TCI state for a respective SCell among the one or more SCells, the TCI state field comprises an identity of a first TCI state for the respective SCell, the first TCI state is for uplink (UL) transmission and downlink (DL) reception or for DL reception.6.The first network node of claim 5, wherein the TCI state field further comprises an identity of a UL TCI state for UL transmission.7.A user equipment (UE) , comprising:a processor; anda transceiver coupled to the processor,wherein the processor is configured to:receive, via the transceiver, information related to activation or deactivation of at least one transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state of at least one secondary cell (SCell) , the at least one SCell is associated with a layer 1 or layer 2 triggered mobility (LTM) candidate cell; andactivate or deactivate the at least one TCI state.8.The UE of claim 7, wherein the processor is configured to receive the information related to activation or deactivation via a first medium access control control element (MAC CE) , wherein the first MAC CE comprises:an identity of the LTM candidate cell to which the first MAC CE applies,at least one identity of the at least one SCell,at least one identity of the at least one TCI state for each of the at least one SCell,a first indicator indicating whether a TCI codepoint is mapped to two TCI states or a single TCI state, anda second indicator indicating whether an identity of a TCI state is for a first TCI state or an uplink (UL) TCI state, wherein the first TCI state is used for UL transmission and downlink (DL) reception or for DL reception, and the UL TCI state is used for UL transmission.9.The UE of claim 8, wherein the processor is configured to activate or deactivate the at least one TCI state by:based on determining that multiple SCells are configured with the same identity of a TCI set, activating TCI states for the multiple SCells, wherein the TCI set comprises a list of SCells which can be updated simultaneously for TCI relation with the first MAC CE.10.The UE of claim 7, wherein the processor is configured to activate or deactivate the at least one TCI state by:after activating at least one TCI state for the LTM candidate cell, activating the at least one TCI state for the at least one SCell associated with the LTM candidate cell.11.The UE of claim 7, wherein the processor is configured to receive the information related to activation or deactivation via a second medium access control control element (MAC CE) used for triggering LTM cell switch to the LTM candidate cell, wherein the second MAC CE comprises at least one of the following:an SCell index associated with the LTM candidate cell indicating an SCell to be activated,an identity of a first TCI state indicating and activating the first TCI state for the SCell, oran identity of an uplink (UL) TCI state indicating and activating the UL TCI state for the SCell.12.The UE of claim 11, wherein the second MAC CE comprises a list of SCell fields and a list of TCI state fields;wherein each SCell field in the list of SCell fields set to a first predefined value indicates the activation status of the respective SCell and a TCI state field for the respective SCell is included in the list of TCI state fields, and each SCell field set to a second predefined value indicates the deactivation status of the respective SCell and no TCI state field for the respective SCell is included in the list of TCI state fields; orwherein each TCI state field in the list of TCI state fields set to zero indicates that no TCI state identity is valid for the respective SCell, and each TCI state field set to a non-zero value indicates and activates a TCI state indicated by the non-zero value for the respective SCell.13.The UE of claim 7 or 12, wherein the processor is configured to:receive a radio resource control (RRC) message comprising a set of TCI state configurations for a set of SCells associated with each LTM candidate cell in a set of LTM candidate cells via the transceiver to the UE, wherein a TCI state configuration in the set of TCI state configurations comprises:at least one first TCI state for uplink (UL) transmission and downlink (DL) reception or for DL reception,at least one UL TCI state for UL transmission, anda TCI state type of the at least one first TCI state, wherein the TCI state type set to a third predefined value indicates that the at least one first TCI state is used for DL reception.14.The UE of claim 7 or 12, wherein the processor is configured to:receive a radio resource control (RRC) message comprising a set of TCI state configurations for a set of SCells associated with each LTM candidate cell in a set of LTM candidate cells via the transceiver to the UE, wherein a TCI state configuration in the set of TCI state configurations comprises:at least one first TCI state for uplink (UL) transmission and downlink (DL) reception or for DL reception, anda TCI state type of the at least one first TCI state, wherein the TCI state type set to a fourth predefined value indicates that the at least one first TCI state is used for DL reception and UL transmission.15.The first network node of claim 13 or 14, wherein the TCI state configuration further comprises an identity of a TCI set, wherein the TCI set comprises a list of SCells which can be updated simultaneously for TCI relation.16.The UE of claim 13, wherein each TCI state field comprises one of the at least one first TCI state and one of the at least one UL TCI state.17.The UE of claim 8, wherein the processor is further configured to:deactivate a first plurality of TCI states except the first TCI state for an SCell among the at least one SCell, wherein the first plurality of TCI states comprising the first TCI state are activated and indicated in the first MAC CE, wherein the first plurality of TCI states are used for UL transmission and DL reception or for DL reception, ordeactivate the second plurality of UL TCI states except the UL TCI state for an SCell among the at least one SCell, wherein the second plurality of TCI states comprising the second TCI state are activated and indicated in the first MAC CE, wherein the second plurality of UL TCI states are used for UL transmission.18.The UE of claim 8 or 17, wherein the first MAC CE or the second MAC CE comprises at least one of the following:an identity of a downlink (DL) bandwidth part (BWP) , oran identity of an uplink (UL) BWP.19.A method for wireless communication, comprising:receiving at least one transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state configuration, wherein each of the at least one TCI state configuration is for a respective one of at least one secondary cell (SCell) , the at least one SCell is associated with a layer 1 or layer 2 triggered mobility (LTM) candidate cell; andtransmitting, based on the at least one TCI state configuration to a user equipment (UE) , information related to activation or deactivation of at least one TCI state of the at least one SCell.20.A method for wireless communication, comprising:receiving information related to activation or deactivation of at least one transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state of at least one secondary cell (SCell) , the at least one SCell is associated with a layer 1 or layer 2 triggered mobility (LTM) candidate cell; andactivating or deactivating the at least one TCI state.
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