Cylinder head, engine, hybrid powertrain, and vehicle

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of vehicles, and provides a cylinder head, an engine, a hybrid powertrain, and a vehicle. Water jackets are provided in the cylinder head; the cylinder head is provided with duct holes, and the water jackets are provided with flow channels and pressure loss adjustment portions; and at least one flow channel is divided by the corresponding duct hole into a first sub-flow channel and a second sub-flow channel, and the pressure loss adjustment portion is located on one of the sub-flow channels and is suitable for balancing the pressure loss of a cooling liquid in the first sub-flow channel and the second sub-flow channel.

Description

A cylinder head, an engine, a hybrid assembly and a vehicle

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202411346776.9, filed on September 25, 2024, and entitled "A cylinder head, an engine, a hybrid assembly and a vehicle", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application belongs to the technical field of vehicles, and in particular relates to a cylinder head, an engine, a hybrid assembly and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0003] The cylinder head is an important component of the engine, which seals the cylinder, forms the combustion space with the piston, and bears the thermal load brought by the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas. For example, the highest temperature rise of the engine of the national six emission standard vehicle can reach 950℃. Since the cylinder head is equipped with valve guide pipes, valve seats, oil injectors and other components, especially the valve guide pipe needs to be well cooled due to the scouring of high-temperature exhaust gas of the engine.

[0004] In the related art, a water jacket structure is usually arranged between the cylinder block and the cylinder head, and the cooling liquid circulates therebetween to cool the cylinder in the form of heat exchange, so as to transfer heat energy and reduce the temperature in the engine. Due to the blockage of the valve guide pipe, the pressure loss and flow imbalance of the cooling liquid in the flow channels on both sides are caused, the cooling effect on both sides of the valve guide pipe is inconsistent, and the problem of uneven wear of the cylinder head is easily caused, which affects the reliability. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a cylinder head, an engine, a hybrid assembly and a vehicle, which can solve the problem of inconsistent cooling effect caused by flow imbalance due to pressure loss imbalance of the flow channels on both sides of the valve guide pipe hole.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application is implemented as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a cylinder head, wherein a water jacket is arranged in the cylinder head;

[0008] A guide pipe hole is arranged on the cylinder head, and a flow channel and a pressure loss adjusting part are arranged on the water jacket;

[0009] At least one flow channel is divided into a first sub-flow channel and a second sub-flow channel by the guide pipe hole, and the pressure loss adjusting part is located on one of the sub-flow channels and is adapted to balance the pressure loss of the cooling liquid in the first sub-flow channel and the second sub-flow channel.

[0010] Optionally, a plurality of guide pipe holes are arranged on the cylinder head, and the number of flow channels is a plurality.

[0011] Optionally, a cooling liquid return port is arranged on the water jacket; and the plurality of flow channels converge to the cooling liquid return port.

[0012] Optionally, in each of the flow channels, a flow path length between the first sub-flow channel and the cooling liquid return port is L1, a flow path length between the second sub-flow channel and the cooling liquid return port is L2, L1>L2, and the pressure loss adjusting portion is located on the second sub-flow channel.

[0013] Optionally, the pressure loss adjusting portion has an extension protrusion located between the conduit hole and the cooling liquid return port.

[0014] Optionally, a distance between a central axis of the conduit hole along a cooling liquid flow direction and the extension protrusion is a, and a≤8mm.

[0015] Optionally, a distance between a central axis of at least one of the flow channels along the cooling liquid flow direction and a central axis of the conduit hole along the cooling liquid flow direction is b, and b≤8mm.

[0016] Optionally, a cross-sectional area of the first sub-flow channel passing through the conduit hole is S1, a cross-sectional area of the second sub-flow channel passing through the conduit hole is S2, a ratio between |S1-S2| and S1 or S2 is m, and m≤20%.

[0017] Optionally, a first water jacket and a second water jacket are arranged in the cylinder head.

[0018] The first water jacket and the second water jacket are both provided with the flow channels, the second water jacket is provided with a cooling liquid outlet, the first water jacket is provided with the pressure loss adjusting portion and the cooling liquid return port, and the first water jacket communicates with the second water jacket through the cooling liquid return port.

[0019] Optionally, the first water jacket is provided with a first flow channel, a second flow channel, a third flow channel and a fourth flow channel.

[0020] At least one of the first flow channel, the second flow channel, the third flow channel and the fourth flow channel is divided into a first sub-flow channel and a second sub-flow channel by the conduit hole.

[0021] Optionally, the first water jacket is provided with a first water jacket cooling liquid first inlet, a first water jacket cooling liquid second inlet and a first water jacket cooling liquid third inlet, the first flow channel and the second flow channel communicate with the first water jacket cooling liquid second inlet, the third flow channel and the fourth flow channel communicate with the first water jacket cooling liquid third inlet, and the fourth flow channel communicates with the first water jacket cooling liquid third inlet.

[0022] Optionally, the second water jacket is provided with a second water jacket coolant inlet, the second water jacket is provided with a fifth flow channel, a sixth flow channel and a seventh flow channel which are parallel to each other and communicate with the second water jacket coolant inlet, and the cylinder head is provided with an injector spark plug mounting position.

[0023] The fifth flow channel, the sixth flow channel and the seventh flow channel converge at the injector spark plug mounting position to cool the combustion chamber.

[0024] Optionally, the sixth flow channel is located between the fifth flow channel and the seventh flow channel, the flow rate of the fifth flow channel is q1, the flow rate of the sixth flow channel is q2, and the flow rate of the seventh flow channel is q3, and 0.8q2≤q1+q3≤1.3q2.

[0025] Optionally, the second water jacket is further provided with an eighth flow channel, a ninth flow channel and a tenth flow channel which are parallel to each other and communicate with the coolant outlet, and the cylinder head is provided with a valve seat mounting position.

[0026] The fifth flow channel, the sixth flow channel and the seventh flow channel are connected in parallel with the eighth flow channel, the ninth flow channel and the tenth flow channel in series, one of the valve seat mounting positions is arranged between the eighth flow channel and the ninth flow channel, and another of the valve seat mounting positions is arranged between the ninth flow channel and the tenth flow channel.

[0027] Optionally, the second water jacket is provided with a throttling rib, and the throttling rib is located on at least one flow channel of the second water jacket.

[0028] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide an engine, which comprises the cylinder head according to any one of the above.

[0029] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a hybrid power assembly, which comprises the engine according to the above.

[0030] In a fourth aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a vehicle, which comprises the engine or the hybrid power assembly according to the above.

[0031] The cylinder head provided by the embodiments of the present application is provided with a conduit hole, and at least one water jacket, i.e., an upper water jacket and / or a lower water jacket, is provided with a flow channel and a pressure loss adjusting part. The at least one flow channel is divided into two sub-flow channels by the conduit hole, and the flow paths of the two sub-flow channels are inconsistent, which causes the pressure loss and flow rate in the two sub-flow channels to be different. The pressure loss adjusting part is located on one of the sub-flow channels to balance the flow rates of the coolant in the two sub-flow channels on both sides of the conduit hole, so that the cooling effects on both sides of the conduit hole are consistent, the risk of uneven wear of the cylinder head is reduced, and the reliability of the cylinder head and the engine is improved.

[0032] The above description is only a summary of the technical solutions of the present application. In order to make the technical means of the present application more clearly understood and implemented according to the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other purposes, characteristics and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application are described as follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and more readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0034] Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a cylinder head structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Fig. 2 is a schematic view of Fig. 1 in the direction of A according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Fig. 3 is a schematic view of Fig. 1 in the direction of B-B according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Fig. 4 is a schematic view of Fig. 1 in the direction of C according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a partial enlarged view of position I in Fig. 4 according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS: 1 - first water jacket, 11 - conduit hole, 12 - flow passage, 12a - first flow passage, 12b - second flow passage, 12c - third flow passage, 12d - fourth flow passage, 12e - fifth flow passage, 12f - sixth flow passage, 12g - seventh flow passage, 12h - eighth flow passage, 12i - ninth flow passage, 12j - tenth flow passage, 121 - first sub-flow passage, 122 - second sub-flow passage, 13 - pressure loss adjusting portion, 131 - extension protrusion, 14 - cooling liquid return port, 151 - first water jacket cooling liquid first inlet, 152 - first water jacket cooling liquid second inlet, 153 - first water jacket cooling liquid third inlet, 2 - second water jacket, 21 - cooling liquid outlet, 22 - second water jacket cooling liquid inlet, 23 - throttle rib, 31 - intake port, 32 - exhaust port, 41 - air passage, 42 - injector spark plug mounting position, 43 - valve seat mounting position, 5 - compression point. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0041] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally of a kind and do not limit the number of objects, for example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the front and rear associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0042] The cylinder head, engine, hybrid assembly and vehicle provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the specific embodiments and their application scenarios.

[0043] Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 4, the present application provides a cylinder head, which is provided with a water jacket; the cylinder head is provided with a conduit hole 11, and the water jacket is provided with a flow channel 12 and a pressure loss adjusting part 13; at least one flow channel 12 is divided into a first sub-flow channel 121 and a second sub-flow channel 122 by the conduit hole 11, and the pressure loss adjusting part 13 is located on one of the sub-flow channels, which is suitable for balancing the pressure loss of the cooling liquid in the first sub-flow channel 121 and the second sub-flow channel 122.

[0044] Specifically, the cylinder head includes at least one water jacket, in some embodiments, a single water jacket structure can be used, or a structure of two layers of water jackets assembled together. For example, to effectively reduce the temperature of the exhaust passage and achieve more uniform temperature distribution of the exhaust passage, a structure of a first water jacket 1 and a second water jacket 2 is used, wherein the first water jacket 1 is also called an upper water jacket, and the second water jacket 2 is also called a lower water jacket. The pressing point 5 is used to install and fix the first water jacket 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the first water jacket 1 and the second water jacket 2 are in communication with each other, to avoid the influence of engine heat radiation on the electronic control system and the motor, the intake passage 31 is arranged on the lower side along the Z direction, and the exhaust passage 32 is arranged on the upper side along the Z direction. It should be noted that the positions of the intake passage 31 and the exhaust passage 32 in the drawings of the present embodiment are only illustrative, and the specific structure is not shown. That is, the intake passage 31 and the exhaust passage 32 are sandwiched between the first water jacket 1 and the second water jacket 2, and the high-temperature gas discharged by the engine can be exchanged with the cooling liquid in the first water jacket 1 and the second water jacket 2 at the same time, thereby improving the cooling effect. At the same time, to avoid the generation of water bubbles due to high temperature of the cooling water, which may cause high temperature and even cavitation of the engine, the second water jacket cooling liquid inlet 22 is arranged on the lower side along the Z direction, i.e. on the side of the intake passage 31, and the cooling liquid outlet 21 is arranged on the upper side along the Z direction, i.e. on the side of the exhaust passage 32. The cooling liquid of the present embodiment is water.

[0045] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4, the cylinder head is provided with a guide pipe hole 11, and the water jacket is provided with a flow channel 12 and a pressure loss adjusting part 13. The guide pipe hole 11 is suitable for installing a valve guide pipe. At least one flow channel 12 is divided into a first sub-flow channel 121 and a second sub-flow channel 122 by one guide pipe hole 11. Due to the different positions and cooling liquid flow paths of the two sub-flow channels, the pressure loss and flow rate in the two sub-flow channels are different. The pressure loss adjusting part 13 can be integrally formed or connected separately on the water jacket, and its shape can be set as a strip, an arc or other irregular polygon, which is not limited in the embodiment. The pressure loss adjusting part 13 can adopt forms including but not limited to a flow restrictor, a flow orifice plate or a pressure loss adjusting rib. The flow restrictor or the flow orifice plate can be formed separately from the water jacket. When the cooling liquid in one of the sub-flow channels passes through the flow restrictor or the flow orifice plate, the cross-sectional area of the flow path changes, the flow rate changes, and the pressure loss in the sub-flow channel is adjusted. The pressure loss adjusting part 13 of the embodiment is a pressure loss adjusting rib, which is integrally formed with the water jacket and has certain strength and rigidity, so it can withstand the impact from the cooling liquid. Part of the pressure loss adjusting part 13 is located between the guide pipe hole 11 and the cooling liquid return port. According to the different flow path lengths between the first sub-flow channel 121, the second sub-flow channel 122 and the cooling liquid return port 14, the pressure loss adjusting part 13 is arranged at different positions. When the flow path length of the first sub-flow channel 121 is greater than that of the second sub-flow channel 122, the pressure loss adjusting part 13 is arranged in the second sub-flow channel 122; when the flow path length of the first sub-flow channel 121 is less than that of the second sub-flow channel 122, the pressure loss adjusting part 13 is arranged in the first sub-flow channel 121. The pressure loss adjusting part 13 is used to increase the flow resistance and flow path length of the cooling liquid in the second sub-flow channel. Due to the blockage of the pressure loss adjusting part 13, the flow path of the sub-flow channel changes from a straight line or a gentle curve to an irregular line with a large corner, thereby increasing the flow path length. Thus, the pressure loss adjusting part 13 increases the flow pressure loss of the cooling liquid in the sub-flow channel, and the flow rates in the first sub-flow channel 121 and the second sub-flow channel 122 tend to be equal, that is, the flow rates on both sides of the guide pipe hole 11 are balanced, and the cooling effect at different positions of the guide pipe hole 11 is consistent.

[0046] The cylinder head provided by the embodiment of the present application has the pressure loss adjusting part arranged on one of the sub-flow channels, which can increase the flow resistance and flow path of the cooling liquid in the sub-flow channel, increase the pressure loss in the sub-flow channel, balance the flow rates of the cooling liquid in the sub-flow channels on both sides of the guide pipe hole, make the cooling effects on both sides of the guide pipe hole consistent, reduce the risk of uneven wear of the cylinder head, and improve the reliability of the cylinder head and the engine.

[0047] Optionally, referring to FIG. 4, the cylinder head is provided with a plurality of guide pipe holes 11, and the number of flow channels 12 is a plurality.

[0048] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of guide holes 11 are arranged on the cylinder head, and at least one flow channel 12 of the water jacket is arranged corresponding to the guide holes 11. Each flow channel 12 is divided into a first sub-flow channel 121 and a second sub-flow channel 122 by a guide hole 11. Since there are a plurality of guide holes 11, and the flow channels 12 need to converge and flow out, a pressure loss adjusting part 13 is arranged to avoid the problem of uneven cooling on both sides of the guide hole.

[0049] Specifically, when a single cylinder engine is used, there are two valve guides, that is, two guide holes 11 are arranged on the water jacket; as shown in FIG. 4, the embodiment uses a two-cylinder engine, and two guide holes 11 are arranged on each side of the cylinder, a total of four guide holes 11. Each guide hole 11 corresponds to a flow channel 12 for cooling and heat exchange, and the first water jacket 1 is taken as an example, which is provided with a first flow channel 12a, a second flow channel 12b, a third flow channel 12c and a fourth flow channel 12d, and each flow channel passes through a guide hole 11. As shown in FIG. 3, the cooling liquid flowing into the first water jacket 1 from the middle cooling liquid first inlet 15 enters the second flow channel 12b and the third flow channel 12c, the cooling liquid flowing into the first water jacket 1 from the left cooling liquid first inlet 15 enters the first flow channel 12a, and the cooling liquid flowing into the first water jacket 1 from the right cooling liquid first inlet 15 enters the fourth flow channel 12d. The four flow channels are arranged in parallel and do not affect each other, so that the cooling effect of different guide holes 11 is balanced. Different valve guides exchange heat with the cooling liquid in the respective flow channels, effectively reducing the working temperature of the valve guide, reducing wear and performance degradation caused by high temperature, and prolonging the service life of the valve guide, thereby protecting the normal operation of the engine.

[0050] Optionally, referring to FIG. 4, the water jacket is provided with a cooling liquid return port 14; and the plurality of flow channels 12 converge to the cooling liquid return port 14.

[0051] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the flow channel 12 is in communication with the cooling liquid return port 14 or the cooling liquid outlet 21, and if the cylinder head is provided with only one water jacket, the flow channel 12 is in communication with the cooling liquid outlet 21. The embodiment is provided with two water jackets, i.e., the first water jacket 1 and the second water jacket 2. The plurality of flow channels 12 on the first water jacket 1 converge to the cooling liquid return port 14 and flow to the second water jacket 2 through the cooling liquid return port 14.

[0052] Optionally, referring to FIG. 4, in each flow channel 12, the flow path length between the first sub-flow channel 121 and the cooling liquid return port 14 is L1, the flow path length between the second sub-flow channel 122 and the cooling liquid return port 14 is L2, L1>L2, and the pressure loss adjusting part 13 is located on the second sub-flow channel 122.

[0053] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the flow path length between the first sub-flow channel 121 and the cooling liquid return port 14 is L1, the flow path length between the second sub-flow channel 122 and the cooling liquid return port 14 is L2, L1>L2, that is, the path of the cooling liquid flowing to the cooling liquid return port 14 in the first sub-flow channel 121 is longer than that in the second sub-flow channel 122. In other words, the first sub-flow channel 121 is located on the side of the conduit hole 11 away from the cooling liquid return port 14, and the second sub-flow channel 122 is located on the side of the conduit hole 11 close to the cooling liquid return port 14. That is, the second sub-flow channel 122 is closer to the cooling liquid return port 14 than the first sub-flow channel 121, and the path of the second sub-flow channel 122 to the cooling liquid return port 14 is also shorter. It should be noted that four cooling liquid return ports 14 are shown in FIG. 3, and the actual cooling liquid mainly flows into the second water jacket 2 from the two central cooling liquid return ports 14, so here the close or far away from the cooling liquid return port 14 is with reference to the two central cooling liquid return ports 14. The pressure loss adjusting part 13 is located on the second sub-flow channel 122 to increase the flow path length and flow resistance of the cooling liquid in the second sub-flow channel 122, and to increase the pressure loss in the second sub-flow channel 122, so as to balance the flow of the cooling liquid in the sub-flow channels on both sides of the conduit hole 11, and make the cooling effect on both sides of the conduit hole 11 consistent.

[0054] Optionally, referring to FIG. 4, the pressure loss adjusting part 13 has an extension protrusion 131 located between the conduit hole 11 and the cooling liquid return port 14.

[0055] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the pressure loss adjusting part 13 is an adjusting rib, and the end of the adjusting rib has an extension protrusion 131 located between the conduit hole 11 and the cooling liquid return port 14, that is, at a downstream position of the second sub-flow channel 122, to increase the pressure loss in the second sub-flow channel 122.

[0056] Optionally, referring to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the distance between the central axis of the conduit hole 11 along the cooling liquid flow direction and the extension protrusion 131 is a, a≤8mm.

[0057] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the cooling liquid flows along a curved path, but as a whole, the cooling liquid flow direction is along the Y direction, the distance between the central axis of the conduit hole 11 along the Y direction and the extension protrusion 131 is a, a≤8mm, to ensure the effectiveness of the pressure loss adjusting part 13 for adjusting the pressure loss of the cooling liquid in the second sub-flow channel 122. If the distance a is greater than 8mm, the distance between the end of the pressure loss adjusting part 13 and the conduit hole 11 is too large, the blocking effect of the pressure loss adjusting part 13 on the cooling liquid in the second sub-flow channel 122 is reduced, and the pressure loss of the cooling liquid in the second sub-flow channel 122 cannot be effectively increased. In some embodiments, the value of the distance a is set to 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm or other values within the above range.

[0058] Optionally, referring to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the distance between the central axis of the flow channel 12 along the direction of the cooling liquid flow and the central axis of the conduit hole 11 along the direction of the cooling liquid flow is b, b≤8mm.

[0059] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the distance between the central axis of the conduit hole 11 along the Y direction and the central axis of the flow channel 12 along the Y direction is b, b≤8mm, so as to ensure that the cross-sectional areas of the flow channels on both sides of the conduit hole 11 are close to each other, and the flow rates on both sides of the conduit hole 11 are close to each other, and the cooling effects on both sides of the conduit hole 11 are consistent. If the distance b is greater than 8mm, the cross-sectional areas of the flow channels 12 on both sides of the conduit hole 11 will be too different, resulting in uneven flow rates. In some embodiments, the distance b is set to 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm or other values within the above range. In addition, the axis of the flow channel 12 can be any direction around the circumference of the conduit hole 11.

[0060] Optionally, referring to FIG. 4, the cross-sectional area of the first sub-flow channel 121 passing through the conduit hole 11 is S1, the cross-sectional area of the second sub-flow channel 122 passing through the conduit hole 11 is S2, and the ratio between |S1-S2| and S1 or S2 is m, m≤20%.

[0061] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the cross-sectional area of the first sub-flow channel 121 passing through one side of the conduit hole 11 is S1, and the cross-sectional area of the second sub-flow channel 122 passing through the other side of the conduit hole 11 is S2. |S1-S2| / S1≤20% or |S1-S2| / S2≤20%. In other words, the numerical difference between the cross-sectional area S1 of the first sub-flow channel 121 and the cross-sectional area S2 of the second sub-flow channel 122 is less than or equal to 20%. For example, when S1 is 10mm 2 , S2 can be 8mm 2 , 9mm 2 , 10mm 2 , 11mm 2 , 12mm 2 or other values within the above range. Due to errors in the assembly process, there will be some difference in the cross-sectional areas of the flow channels on both sides of the conduit hole 11. However, when the numerical difference is within 20%, it indicates that the values of S1 and S2 are close to each other, so as to ensure that the flow rates on both sides of the conduit hole 11 are close to each other, and the cooling effects on both sides of the conduit hole 11 are consistent.

[0062] Optionally, referring to FIGS. 1-3, the cylinder head is provided with a first water jacket 1 and a second water jacket 2; the first water jacket 1 and the second water jacket 2 are both provided with the flow channel 12, the second water jacket 2 is provided with a coolant outlet 21, the first water jacket 1 is provided with the pressure loss adjusting portion 13 and the coolant return port 14, and the first water jacket 1 communicates with the second water jacket 2 through the coolant return port 14.

[0063] Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1-3, the cylinder head is composed of the first water jacket 1 and the second water jacket 2 which communicate with each other and are assembled together. The second water jacket 2 is provided with a coolant outlet 21, the first water jacket 1 is provided with a pressure loss adjusting portion 13 and a coolant return port 14, the first water jacket 1 communicates with the second water jacket 2 through the coolant return port 14, the coolant flowing out of the first water jacket 1 flows into the second water jacket 2 through the coolant return port 14, and finally flows out from the coolant outlet 21. The first water jacket 1 and the second water jacket 2 are provided with a plurality of flow channels 12.

[0064] Optionally, referring to FIG. 4, at least one of the water jackets is provided with a first flow channel 12a, a second flow channel 12b, a third flow channel 12c and a fourth flow channel 12d; at least one of the first flow channel 12a, the second flow channel 12b, the third flow channel 12c and the fourth flow channel 12d is divided into a first sub-flow channel 121 and a second sub-flow channel 122 by the conduit hole 11.

[0065] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the first water jacket 1 is provided with a first flow channel 12a, a second flow channel 12b, a third flow channel 12c and a fourth flow channel 12d. Each flow channel passes through a conduit hole 11, wherein the first flow channel 12a and the second flow channel 12b are used for cooling the left engine cylinders, and the third flow channel 12c and the fourth flow channel 12d are used for cooling the right engine cylinders. The consistency of the double-cylinder cooling effect is ensured. The first flow channel 12a and the second flow channel 12b, and the third flow channel 12c and the fourth flow channel 12d are separated by the injector spark plug mounting position 42 and the pressure loss adjusting portion 13. The second flow channel 12b and the third flow channel 12c are separated by the pressure loss adjusting portion 13. In this embodiment, each flow channel on the first water jacket 1 is divided into a first sub-flow channel 121 and a second sub-flow channel 122 by the conduit hole 11.

[0066] Optionally, referring to FIGS. 1-4, the first water jacket 1 is provided with a first water jacket coolant first inlet 151, a first water jacket coolant second inlet 152 and a first water jacket coolant third inlet 153, the first flow channel 12a communicates with the first water jacket coolant second inlet 152, the second flow channel 12b and the third flow channel 12c communicate with the first water jacket coolant second inlet 152, and the fourth flow channel 12d communicates with the first water jacket coolant third inlet 153.

[0067] Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1-4, the first water jacket 1 and the second water jacket 2 are each provided with a cooling liquid inlet, and share the same cooling liquid outlet 21. The first water jacket 1 is provided with a first water jacket cooling liquid first inlet 151, a first water jacket cooling liquid second inlet 152, and a first water jacket cooling liquid third inlet 153. The first flow channel 12a, the second flow channel 12b, the third flow channel 12c, and the fourth flow channel 12d are arranged on the first water jacket 1. The cooling liquid flowing into the first water jacket 1 from the first water jacket cooling liquid second inlet 152 located at the middle position flows into the second flow channel 12b and the third flow channel 12c, respectively. The cooling liquid flowing into the first water jacket 1 from the first water jacket cooling liquid first inlet 151 located at the left side flows into the first flow channel 12a. The cooling liquid flowing into the first water jacket 1 from the first water jacket cooling liquid third inlet 153 located at the right side flows into the fourth flow channel 12d. Each flow channel is separated into a first sub-flow channel 121 and a second sub-flow channel 122 by the conduit hole 11. The cooling liquid in the four flow channels flows into the second water jacket 2 through the cooling liquid return port 14 and finally flows out through the cooling liquid outlet 21.

[0068] Optionally, referring to FIG. 3, the second water jacket 2 is provided with a cooling liquid second water jacket cooling liquid inlet 22. The second water jacket 2 is provided with a fifth flow channel 12e, a sixth flow channel 12f, and a seventh flow channel 12g, which are connected in parallel with each other and communicate with the cooling liquid second water jacket cooling liquid inlet 22. The cylinder head is provided with an injector spark plug mounting position 42. The fifth flow channel 12e, the sixth flow channel 12f, and the seventh flow channel 12g converge at the injector spark plug mounting position 42 to cool the combustion chamber.

[0069] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, each combustion chamber region, i.e., one injector spark plug mounting position 42, corresponds to three flow channels connected in parallel, i.e., the fifth flow channel 12e, the sixth flow channel 12f, and the seventh flow channel 12g. It should be noted that only the three flow channels at the left combustion chamber are indicated in FIG. 3, and the three flow channels at the right combustion chamber are similar. Each side combustion chamber region corresponds to one cooling liquid second water jacket cooling liquid inlet 22. Among them, the fifth flow channel 12e is located at the left side of the injector spark plug, the sixth flow channel 12f is located directly below the injector spark plug, and the seventh flow channel 12g is located at the right side of the injector spark plug. That is, the three flow channels converge at the injector spark plug mounting position 42 to cool the combustion chamber and improve the cooling effect of the combustion chamber.

[0070] Optionally, referring to FIG. 3, the sixth flow channel 12f is located between the fifth flow channel 12e and the seventh flow channel 12g. The flow rate of the fifth flow channel 12e is q1, the flow rate of the sixth flow channel 12f is q2, and the flow rate of the seventh flow channel 12g is q3. 0.8q2≤q1+q3≤1.3q2

[0071] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the flow rate of the fifth flow channel 12e is q1, the flow rate of the sixth flow channel 12f is q2, and the flow rate of the seventh flow channel 12g is q3, and 0.8q2≤q1+q3≤1.3q2. Thus, the sum of the flow rates of the fifth flow channel 12e and the seventh flow channel 12g is close to the flow rate of the sixth flow channel 12f. Then, the flow rate of the cooling liquid on the front side below the injector spark plug is close to the flow rate of the cooling liquid on the side of the injector spark plug, the flow rate is uniformly distributed, and the cooling effect at different positions of the injector spark plug is consistent.

[0072] Optionally, referring to FIG. 3, the second water jacket 2 is further provided with an eighth flow channel 12h, a ninth flow channel 12i and a tenth flow channel 12j which are connected in parallel and communicate with the cooling liquid outlet 21, and the cylinder head is provided with valve seat mounting positions 43; the fifth flow channel 12e, the sixth flow channel 12f and the seventh flow channel 12g are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the eighth flow channel 12h, the ninth flow channel 12i and the tenth flow channel 12j, and one of the valve seat mounting positions 43 is arranged between the eighth flow channel 12h and the ninth flow channel 12i, and another of the valve seat mounting positions 43 is arranged between the ninth flow channel 12i and the tenth flow channel 12j.

[0073] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the eighth flow channel 12h, the ninth flow channel 12i and the tenth flow channel 12j are connected in parallel and communicate with the cooling liquid outlet 21. The ninth flow channel 12i is located between two valve seat mounting positions 43, and the eighth flow channel 12h and the tenth flow channel 12j are located outside the valve seat mounting positions 43 and are suitable for cooling the outside of the valve seat. In the second water jacket 2, the cooling liquid flowing in from the second water jacket cooling liquid inlet 22 passes through the fifth flow channel 12e, the sixth flow channel 12f and the seventh flow channel 12g, passes through the air passage 41, converges at the injector spark plug mounting position 42, cools the combustion chamber, and then enters the eighth flow channel 12h, the ninth flow channel 12i and the tenth flow channel 12j respectively, and finally flows out from the cooling liquid outlet 21.

[0074] Optionally, referring to FIG. 3, the second water jacket 2 is provided with a throttling rib 23, and the throttling rib 23 is located on at least one flow channel of the second water jacket 2.

[0075] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the throttling rib 23 is arranged on the flow channel of the second water jacket 2 to adjust the flow rate of the cooling liquid in the flow channel. In addition, the flow rate of the cooling liquid in the flow channel can also be adjusted by changing the area of the second water jacket cooling liquid inlet 22.

[0076] The embodiment of the present application also provides an engine comprising the cylinder head described in the above embodiment, which can improve the reliability of the cylinder head and the engine. The engine provided by the embodiment of the present application is suitable for engines of the national sixth emission standard and above.

[0077] The embodiment of the present application further provides a hybrid power assembly comprising the engine described in the above embodiment. The hybrid power assembly can be a power generation assembly or a driving assembly. The power generation assembly is used to generate electric power to provide power for the electrical system of the vehicle; and the driving assembly is used to drive the vehicle to travel.

[0078] The embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle comprising the engine or the hybrid power assembly described in the above embodiment, so that the performance of the engine or the hybrid power assembly is reliable, and the use safety of the vehicle is improved.

[0079] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising", "including", or any other variant thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not only include those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent in such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without more limitations, an element defined by the statement "comprising a" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0080] The embodiments of the present application are described above in combination with the drawings, but the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and the specific embodiments described above are only illustrative but not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many forms under the inspiration of the present application without departing from the scope of the present application and the scope of protection of the claims, and all the forms belong to the protection of the present application.

Claims

A cylinder head, wherein, The water jacket is arranged in the cylinder head; The cylinder head is provided with a conduit hole (11), and the water jacket is provided with a flow channel (12) and a pressure loss adjusting part (13); At least one of the flow channels (12) is divided into a first sub-flow channel (121) and a second sub-flow channel (122) by the conduit hole (11), and the pressure loss adjusting part (13) is arranged on one of the sub-flow channels and is adapted to balance the pressure loss of the cooling liquid in the first sub-flow channel (121) and the second sub-flow channel (122). The cylinder head according to claim 1, wherein The cylinder head is provided with a plurality of conduit holes (11), and the number of the flow channels (12) is multiple. The cylinder head according to claim 2, wherein The water jacket is provided with a cooling liquid return port (14), and the plurality of flow channels (12) converge into the cooling liquid return port (14). The cylinder head according to claim 3, wherein In each of the flow channels (12), the flow path length between the first sub-flow channel (121) and the cooling liquid return port (14) is L1, the flow path length between the second sub-flow channel (122) and the cooling liquid return port (14) is L2, L1>L2, and the pressure loss adjusting part (13) is arranged on the second sub-flow channel (122). The cylinder head according to claim 1, wherein The pressure loss adjusting part (13) has an extension protrusion (131) between the conduit hole (11) and the cooling liquid return port (14). The cylinder head according to claim 5, wherein The distance between the conduit hole (11) along the central axis of the cooling liquid flow direction and the extension protrusion (131) is a, and a≤8mm. The cylinder head according to claim 1, wherein The distance between at least one of the flow channels (12) along the central axis of the cooling liquid flow direction and the conduit hole (11) along the central axis of the cooling liquid flow direction is b, and b≤8mm. The cylinder head according to claim 1, wherein The cross-sectional area of the first sub-flow channel (121) passing through the conduit hole (11) is S1, the cross-sectional area of the second sub-flow channel (122) passing through the conduit hole (11) is S2, the ratio between |S1-S2| and S1 or S2 is m, and m≤20%. The cylinder head according to claim 3, wherein The first water jacket (1) and the second water jacket (2) are arranged in the cylinder head; The first water jacket (1) and the second water jacket (2) are both provided with the flow channel (12), the second water jacket (2) is provided with a cooling liquid outlet (21), the first water jacket (1) is provided with the pressure loss adjusting part (13) and the cooling liquid return port (14), and the first water jacket (1) communicates with the second water jacket (2) through the cooling liquid return port (14). The cylinder head according to claim 9, wherein The first water jacket (1) is provided with a first flow channel (12a), a second flow channel (12b), a third flow channel (12c), and a fourth flow channel (12d); At least one of the first flow channel (12a), the second flow channel (12b), the third flow channel (12c), and the fourth flow channel (12d) is divided into a first sub-flow channel (121) and a second sub-flow channel (122) by the conduit hole (11). The cylinder head according to claim 10, wherein The first water jacket (1) is provided with a first water jacket coolant first inlet (151), a first water jacket coolant second inlet (152) and a first water jacket coolant third inlet (153), the first flow channel (12a) communicates with the first water jacket coolant second inlet (152), the second flow channel (12b) and the third flow channel (12c) communicate with the first water jacket coolant second inlet (152), and the fourth flow channel (12d) communicates with the first water jacket coolant third inlet (153). The cylinder head according to claim 10, wherein The second water jacket (2) is provided with a second water jacket coolant inlet (22), and the second water jacket (2) is provided with a fifth flow channel (12e), a sixth flow channel (12f) and a seventh flow channel (12g) which are parallel to each other and communicate with the second water jacket coolant inlet (22), and the cylinder head is provided with an injector spark plug mounting position (42). The fifth flow channel (12e), the sixth flow channel (12f) and the seventh flow channel (12g) converge at the injector spark plug mounting position (42) to cool the combustion chamber. The cylinder head according to claim 12, wherein The sixth flow channel (12f) is located between the fifth flow channel (12e) and the seventh flow channel (12g), the flow rate of the fifth flow channel (12e) is q1, the flow rate of the sixth flow channel (12f) is q2, and the flow rate of the seventh flow channel (12g) is q3, 0.8q2≤q1+q3≤1.3q2. The cylinder head according to claim 12, wherein The second water jacket (2) is further provided with an eighth flow channel (12h), a ninth flow channel (12i) and a tenth flow channel (12j) which are parallel to each other and communicate with the coolant outlet (21), and the cylinder head is provided with a valve seat mounting position (43). The fifth flow channel (12e), the sixth flow channel (12f) and the seventh flow channel (12g) are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the eighth flow channel (12h), the ninth flow channel (12i) and the tenth flow channel (12j), one of the valve seat mounting positions (43) is arranged between the eighth flow channel (12h) and the ninth flow channel (12i), and another one of the valve seat mounting positions (43) is arranged between the ninth flow channel (12i) and the tenth flow channel (12j). The cylinder head according to claim 9, wherein The second water jacket (2) is provided with a throttle rib (23), and the throttle rib (23) is located on at least one flow channel of the second water jacket (2). An engine wherein, The cylinder head comprises any one of claims 1 to 15. A hybrid powertrain, wherein, The engine comprises claim 16. A vehicle, wherein, The engine or the hybrid assembly of claim 17.

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