Microphone

Abstract

A microphone, comprising a packaging housing having an inner cavity, wherein the packaging housing is provided with a sound hole for sound to enter the inner cavity; a microphone unit is mounted in the inner cavity; on the side close to the sound hole, a front cavity is formed between the microphone unit and the packaging housing, and a rear cavity is formed inside the microphone unit; and porous material members are provided in both the front cavity and the rear cavity. The microphone of the present application can effectively improve the sound quality of the microphone and reduce noise interference.

Description

Microphone

[0001] Related Applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202422355013.2, filed on September 26, 2024, and incorporates by reference the entire disclosure of the aforementioned patent application as part of the present application. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present application relates to the field of audio, in particular to a microphone. BACKGROUND

[0004] A moving coil microphone is a device that converts acoustic signals into electrical signals, and its working principle is based on electromagnetic induction principle. It contains a voice coil, which is fixed on the diaphragm, and a strong permanent magnet is arranged near the voice coil. When the sound wave acts on the diaphragm, the diaphragm produces mechanical vibration, which drives the voice coil to vibrate in the magnetic field, thereby generating an electric current to convert the sound signal into an electric signal. This conversion process does not require external power supply, because the moving coil microphone works on the principle of cutting the magnetic field with the coil to generate current.

[0005] However, the traditional moving coil microphone often has problems such as poor sound quality and high noise during sound transmission. Therefore, how to optimize the structure of the microphone to improve the sound quality and reduce the noise has become a problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a microphone that can effectively improve the sound quality of the microphone and reduce noise interference.

[0007] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is achieved by providing a microphone, which includes a packaging shell with an inner cavity, and a sound hole is formed on the packaging shell for sound to flow into the inner cavity; a microphone unit is installed in the inner cavity, and a front cavity is formed on the side close to the sound hole between the microphone unit and the packaging shell, and a rear cavity is formed in the microphone unit; a porous material piece is arranged in the front cavity and the rear cavity.

[0008] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the porous material piece is a coating structure and is injected or sprayed on the inner wall of the front cavity and the rear cavity.

[0009] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the porous material piece is a sheet structure, a block structure or a film layer structure, and is bonded and fixed on the inner wall of the front cavity and the rear cavity.

[0010] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the porous material piece includes porous particles, and the porous particles are arranged in a breathable bag and filled in the front cavity and the rear cavity.

[0011] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the porous material piece comprises a porous powder, which is arranged in the air-permeable bag and filled in the front cavity and the rear cavity.

[0012] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the microphone is a moving coil microphone.

[0013] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the porous material piece has a density of 0.3-0.5 g / cm 3 and a porosity of 60-90%.

[0014] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the packaging shell comprises a sound-permeable cover plate, a fixed cylinder with two open ends and a base, the two ends of the fixed cylinder are connected with the sound-permeable cover plate and the base respectively, the sound-permeable cover plate, the fixed cylinder and the base enclose to form an inner cavity, a sound hole is arranged on the sound-permeable cover plate, and the microphone unit, the fixed cylinder and the sound-permeable cover plate enclose to form a front cavity.

[0015] In an optional embodiment of the present application, a plurality of clamping grooves are arranged on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder, and a plurality of clamping blocks are arranged on the outer wall of the microphone unit, each clamping block can be clamped in the corresponding clamping groove.

[0016] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the sound-permeable cover plate comprises an outer ring and a cross-shaped rod connected to the inner ring, four fan-shaped holes are formed between the cross-shaped rod and the outer ring, and the fan-shaped holes constitute the sound hole.

[0017] As described above, the microphone of the present application has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and can be applied to various types of microphone products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] The following drawings are only intended to illustrate and explain the present application, and do not limit the scope of the present application. Among them:

[0019] Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a microphone provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the microphone provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are exploded views of the microphone provided by the present application.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals: 1, packaging shell; 11, sound hole; 12, front cavity; 13, sound-permeable cover plate; 131, outer ring; 132, cross-shaped rod; 14, fixed cylinder; 141, clamping groove; 15, base; 2, microphone unit; 21, rear cavity; 22, clamping block; 23, mounting gap; 3, porous material piece; 10, inner cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the technical features, objectives and effects of the present application clearer, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0024] As shown in FIGS. 1-4, the present embodiment provides a microphone, which includes a packaging shell 1 having an inner cavity 10, and a sound hole 11 is formed on the packaging shell 1 for sound to flow into the inner cavity 10; a microphone unit 2 is installed in the inner cavity 10, and a front cavity 12 is formed between the microphone unit 2 and the packaging shell 1 close to the sound hole 11, and a rear cavity 21 is formed in the microphone unit 2; a porous material piece 3 is arranged in the front cavity 12 and the rear cavity 21.

[0025] Therefore, the microphone in the present embodiment can effectively improve the sound quality performance of the microphone, improve the sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio, and fully optimize the user's auditory experience by arranging the porous material piece 3 in the front cavity 12 and the rear cavity 21, which has good porosity and expansion effect. Moreover, it has the advantages of simple structure and low manufacturing cost, and can be applied to various types of microphone products.

[0026] In the specific implementation mode, the porous material piece 3 can be a coating structure and be injected or sprayed on the inner wall of the front cavity 12 and the rear cavity 21 (it can be understood that when the injection mode is used, a syringe can be used to inject paste or slurry on the inner wall of the cavity to form a coating structure). Alternatively, the porous material piece 3 can also be a sheet structure, a block structure or a film layer structure, and be adhered and fixed on the inner wall of the front cavity 12 and the rear cavity 21; for example, it can be fixed on the inner wall of the front cavity 12 and the rear cavity 21 by using an adhesive or double-sided tape. Alternatively, the porous material piece 3 can also include porous particles, which are arranged in a breathable bag and filled in the front cavity 12 and the rear cavity 21. Alternatively, the porous material piece 3 can also include porous powders, which are arranged in a breathable bag and filled in the front cavity 12 and the rear cavity 21.

[0027] When the porous material piece 3 adopts a sheet structure or a block structure, the signal-to-noise ratio and sensitivity of the microphone are the highest, when it adopts porous particles or porous powders, the signal-to-noise ratio and sensitivity of the microphone are the second, and when it adopts a film layer structure or a coating structure, the signal-to-noise ratio and sensitivity of the microphone are the third. The specific form and fixing mode of the porous material piece 3 can be determined according to actual needs, and the present embodiment is only for illustration.

[0028] In some embodiments, the porous material contained in the porous material piece 3 is a combination of one or more of zeolite, activated carbon, MOF (Metal-Organic Framework), COF (Covalent Organic Frameworks), aerogel, and hydrogel, etc. Zeolite is preferably contained in the porous material piece 3, and the corresponding signal-to-noise ratio and sensitivity are better when zeolite is used than when activated carbon is used. Further optionally, the porous material piece 3 also includes a combination of one or more of foamed material (such as open-cell foam, used to absorb high-frequency sound waves and reduce sound wave reflection), fibrous material (such as glass fiber, rock wool, etc., having good porous performance and heat resistance), and elastic material, etc. These materials have good porous performance, low reflectivity, and good damping performance, can effectively absorb and disperse sound wave energy, reduce sound reflection and resonance in the front cavity 12 and the rear cavity 21, and significantly improve the sound quality performance of the microphone. In addition, when a porous material is selected, a porous material with high internal resistance and low density should be selected, which has better porous and sound insulation effects and can more effectively reduce sound reflection and resonance; at the same time, the material also has high mechanical strength and stability, can resist external impact and vibration, and prolong the service life of the microphone.

[0029] By filling the front and rear cavities with the porous material piece 3 having excellent acoustic and mechanical properties, the sound quality and durability of the microphone are improved, noise interference is reduced, and user experience is improved.

[0030] The density and thickness of the material can be adjusted according to actual needs to achieve the best sound quality effect and thus adapt to different application scenarios. In this embodiment, the density of the porous material piece 3 is 0.3-0.5 g / cm 3 , and the porosity is 60-90%.

[0031] In order to better illustrate the effect of the microphone of the present application, the signal-to-noise ratio and sensitivity of several specific embodiments provided with the above-mentioned porous material piece 3 in the front cavity 12 and the rear cavity 21 are tested and compared with two blank comparative examples in which no porous material piece 3 is provided in the front and rear cavities and only a porous material piece 3 is provided in the rear cavity 21, as follows:

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] The porous material pieces 3 in the front cavity 12 and the rear cavity 21 are porous particles and porous powder, respectively, and are filled in the front cavity 12 and the rear cavity 21 after being filled in the air-permeable bag. The material of the porous particles and the porous powder is zeolite, the average diameter of the porous particles is 50 μm, and the average diameter of the porous powder is 10 nm. The volume of the porous particles packaged by the air-permeable bag assembled in the front cavity 12 is 2.5 CC, and the volume of the porous particles assembled in the rear cavity 21 is 0.001 CC.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] The porous material pieces 3 in the front cavity 12 and the rear cavity 21 are porous particles and porous powder respectively, which are filled in the front cavity 12 and the rear cavity 21 respectively after filling in the air-permeable bag. The porous particles and the porous powder are activated carbon, the average diameter of the porous particles is 50 μm, and the average diameter of the porous powder is 10 nm. The volume of the porous particles filled in the air-permeable bag assembled in the front cavity 12 is 2.5 CC, and the volume of the porous particles filled in the rear cavity 21 is 0.001 CC.

[0036] Example 3

[0037] The porous material pieces 3 in the front cavity 12 and the rear cavity 21 are both sheet structures and are respectively bonded and fixed on the inner walls of the front cavity 12 and the rear cavity 21, and the material of the sheet structure comprises zeolite. The thickness of the sheet structure assembled in the front cavity 12 is 1 mm, and the volume is 6 CC. The thickness of the sheet structure assembled in the rear cavity 21 is 1 μm, and the volume is 0.001 CC.

[0038] Example 4

[0039] The porous material pieces 3 in the front cavity 12 and the rear cavity 21 are both film layer structures and are respectively bonded and fixed on the inner walls of the front cavity 12 and the rear cavity 21, and the material of the film layer structure is zeolite. The thickness of the film layer structure assembled in the front cavity 12 is 10 μm, and three layers are stacked. The thickness of the film layer structure assembled in the rear cavity 21 is 500 nm, and two layers are stacked.

[0040] Blank Comparative Example 1

[0041] No porous material piece 3 is arranged in the front cavity 12 and the rear cavity 21.

[0042] Blank Comparative Example 2

[0043] No porous material piece 3 is arranged in the front cavity 12, and only a porous material piece 3 is arranged in the rear cavity 21. The parameters of the porous material piece 3 are the same as those in Example 1.

[0044] The signal-to-noise ratio and the sensitivity of the microphones corresponding to the two blank comparative examples and the aforementioned Examples 1-4 are tested. The test results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0045] Table 1

[0046] It can be seen from the test results in the above table that the sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio of the microphone can be effectively improved by arranging the porous material piece 3 in the front cavity 12 and the rear cavity 21 of the microphone. Among them, the corresponding signal-to-noise ratio and sensitivity are the best when the porous material piece 3 adopts a sheet structure, the corresponding signal-to-noise ratio and sensitivity are the second when the porous material piece 3 adopts porous particles / porous powder, and the corresponding signal-to-noise ratio and sensitivity are the third when the porous material piece 3 adopts a film layer structure. The signal-to-noise ratio and sensitivity corresponding to the use of zeolite as the material of the porous material piece 3 are better than those corresponding to the use of activated carbon.

[0047] In some embodiments, the microphone is a moving coil microphone. Further, in order to facilitate the processing and installation of the packaging shell 1, referring to FIGS. 1 to 4, the packaging shell 1 includes a sound-transparent cover plate 13, a fixed cylinder 14 with both ends open, and a base 15, both ends of the fixed cylinder 14 are connected with the sound-transparent cover plate 13 and the base 15 respectively, and the sound-transparent cover plate 13, the fixed cylinder 14 and the base 15 enclose to form an inner cavity 10, a sound hole 11 is formed on the sound-transparent cover plate 13, and the microphone element 2, the fixed cylinder 14 and the sound-transparent cover plate 13 enclose to form a front cavity 12. For the porous material piece 3 in the front cavity 12, it can be filled in the entire front cavity 12, or it can be injected, sprayed or bonded on the inner wall of the sound-transparent cover plate 13 and / or the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 14.

[0048] In order to facilitate the installation of the microphone element 2, a plurality of clamping grooves 141 are arranged on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 14 in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of clamping blocks 22 are arranged on the outer wall of the microphone element 2 in the circumferential direction, each clamping block 22 can be clamped in the corresponding clamping groove 141.

[0049] Generally, the sound-transparent cover plate 13 is a circular plate, the fixed cylinder 14 is a circular cylinder, and the base 15 can adopt a one-end-open cylindrical structure as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, and the end of the fixed cylinder 14 is connected with the bottom surface of the cylindrical structure. The microphone element 2 is also generally cylindrical in structure, and can have an installation gap 23 between the microphone element 2 and the base 15 after being installed in the inner cavity 10.

[0050] Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, the sound-transparent cover plate 13 can include an outer ring 131 and a cross-shaped rod 132 connected to the inner ring 131, and four fan-shaped holes are formed between the cross-shaped rod 132 and the outer ring 131, and the fan-shaped holes constitute the sound hole 11.

[0051] Of course, the structure and shape of the packaging shell 1, the connection mode of the microphone element 2 and the packaging shell 1, and the structure of the sound-transparent cover plate 13 can also adopt other modes, and the present embodiment is only for illustration.

[0052] In the specific processing, firstly, the porous material piece 3 with appropriate acoustic characteristics is selected, and is filled into the front cavity 12 and the rear cavity 21 of the microphone. The filling process can be performed by injection, spraying and the like, to ensure that the material is uniformly distributed and closely adheres to the cavity wall. After the filling is completed, the microphone is assembled and debugged to ensure normal operation. In actual use, the user can feel that the sound quality is obviously improved, and the noise level is significantly reduced, thereby obtaining a better use experience.

[0053] In some embodiments, the inner cavity 10 is a closed cavity.

[0054] In some embodiments, the inner cavity 10 is not completely closed. According to the actual design requirements, the packaging shell 1 can be provided with air holes of different sizes and shapes for different process purposes, such as filling of the porous material, sound leakage of the module and the like. It can be understood that the improvement of the packaging shell 1 according to the actual design requirements is also within the protection scope of the present application.

[0055] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principle of the present application shall be within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A microphone, wherein, The microphone comprises a package shell with an inner cavity, a sound hole is formed on the package shell for sound to flow into the inner cavity; a microphone unit is installed in the inner cavity, a front cavity is formed between the microphone unit and the package shell near the sound hole, and a rear cavity is formed in the microphone unit; a porous material piece is arranged in the front cavity and the rear cavity.

2. The microphone according to claim 1, wherein, the porous material piece is in a coating structure and is injected or sprayed on the inner wall of the front cavity and the rear cavity.

3. The microphone according to claim 1, wherein, the porous material piece is in a sheet structure, a block structure or a film structure and is fixedly bonded on the inner wall of the front cavity and the rear cavity.

4. The microphone according to claim 1, wherein, the porous material piece comprises porous particles, the porous particles are arranged in a gas-permeable bag and filled in the front cavity and the rear cavity.

5. The microphone according to claim 1, wherein, the porous material piece comprises porous powder, the porous powder is arranged in a gas-permeable bag and filled in the front cavity and the rear cavity.

6. The microphone according to claim 1, wherein, the microphone is a moving coil microphone.

7. The microphone according to claim 1, wherein, The density of the piece of porous material is 0.3-0.5 g / cm 3 The porosity is 60-90%.

8. The microphone according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, the package shell comprises a sound-permeable cover plate, a fixed cylinder with two open ends and a base, the two ends of the fixed cylinder are connected with the sound-permeable cover plate and the base respectively, the sound-permeable cover plate, the fixed cylinder and the base form the inner cavity, the sound hole is formed on the sound-permeable cover plate, and the microphone unit, the fixed cylinder and the sound-permeable cover plate form the front cavity.

9. The microphone according to claim 8, wherein, a plurality of clamping grooves are arranged on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder in a circumferential direction, a plurality of clamping blocks are arranged on the outer wall of the microphone unit in a circumferential direction, and each clamping block can be clamped in the corresponding clamping groove.

10. The microphone according to claim 8, wherein, the sound-permeable cover plate comprises an outer ring and a cross-shaped rod connected to the inner ring, four fan-shaped holes are formed between the cross-shaped rod and the outer ring, and the fan-shaped holes form the sound hole.

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