Signal transmission methods and apparatuses, and communication devices and storage medium

Abstract

Provided in the present disclosure are signal transmission methods and apparatuses, and communication devices and a storage medium. A method comprises: sending a first signal to a first device, so as to instruct the first device to adjust the sending frequency of a second signal, wherein the first signal carries at least one of the following: first indication information, which is used for indicating a frequency parameter, a frequency parameter set or the maximum value of the frequency parameter; second indication information, which is used for indicating a repetition coding parameter or a repetition coding parameter set; and third indication information, which is used for indicating a signal sequence parameter or a signal sequence parameter set.

Description

Signal transmission method and device, communication device, and storage medium

[0001] The present disclosure claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202411383173.6, filed on September 30, 2024, and entitled "Signal transmission method and device, communication device, and storage medium", the whole content of which is incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of communication, and in particular to a signal transmission method and device, a communication device, and a storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0003] Currently, some devices (for example, not limited to Internet of Things (IoT) devices) are mainly powered by batteries, and need to be regularly charged or have the batteries replaced, which easily leads to a large amount of manpower and material resources expenditure. Therefore, in order to reduce the cost of devices, some devices have no energy storage capability and no independent signal generation capability, and perform signal transmission through backscattering; some devices have energy storage capability and no independent signal generation capability, and perform signal transmission through backscattering, and the stored energy can be used to amplify the power of the backscattered signal; some devices have energy storage capability and independent signal generation capability, and can use radio frequency devices to perform signal transmission. For backscattering, the general principle is that a reading device or an external signal source is used to generate a radio frequency excitation signal, a reflective tag is composed of devices that can reflect the radio frequency signal, the reading device sends a radio frequency signal to the reflective tag, and the reflective tag modulates information in the reflected radio frequency signal by receiving the radio frequency signal sent by the reading device or the external signal source.

[0004] The application scenarios of a device system usually have a large device density requirement. One reading device can serve multiple devices, and multiple devices can simultaneously respond to a reading device to device (R2D) signal sent by the reading device, and interference is easily generated between devices. Currently, the signals of devices are mainly dispersed through different time resources to reduce interference, however, this requires a large amount of time resources to be allocated to the devices, which easily leads to time delay. In addition, when the time resources are limited, the probability of different devices selecting the same time resource to send a signal is relatively large, and the interference is relatively large. Therefore, through the above related technologies, the signal transmission performance of the devices is easily poor. SUMMARY

[0005] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a signal transmission method, device, communication device, and storage medium to solve the problem of poor signal transmission performance of devices.

[0006] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a signal transmission method applied to a reading device, the method comprising:

[0007] sending a first signal to a first device, the first signal being used to instruct the first device to adjust a transmission frequency of a second signal; wherein the first signal carries at least one of:

[0008] first indication information used to indicate a frequency parameter, a set of frequency parameters, or a maximum value of frequency parameters;

[0009] second indication information used to indicate a repetition coding parameter or a set of repetition coding parameters;

[0010] third indication information used to indicate a signal sequence parameter or a set of signal sequence parameters.

[0011] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a signal transmission method, applied to an environmental Internet of Things device, comprising:

[0012] adjusting a transmission frequency of a second signal based on a first signal sent by a reading device or a protocol predefinition;

[0013] wherein the first signal carries at least one of the following or is pre-defined by a protocol as at least one of the following:

[0014] first indication information used to indicate a frequency parameter, a set of frequency parameters, or a maximum value of frequency parameters;

[0015] second indication information used to indicate a repetition coding parameter or a set of repetition coding parameters;

[0016] third indication information used to indicate a signal sequence parameter or a set of signal sequence parameters.

[0017] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communication device, comprising a memory, a transceiver, and a processor, which can be a reading device, wherein:

[0018] the memory is used to store a computer program; the transceiver is used to transceive data under the control of the processor; and the processor is used to read the computer program in the memory and perform the following operations:

[0019] sending a first signal to a first device, the first signal being used to instruct the first device to adjust a transmission frequency of a second signal; wherein the first signal carries at least one of:

[0020] first indication information used to indicate a frequency parameter, a set of frequency parameters, or a maximum value of frequency parameters;

[0021] second indication information used to indicate a repetition coding parameter or a set of repetition coding parameters;

[0022] third indication information used to indicate a signal sequence parameter or a set of signal sequence parameters.

[0023] The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication device, comprising a memory, a transceiver and a processor, the communication device is a first device, wherein:

[0024] The memory is used for storing a computer program; the transceiver is used for transceiving data under the control of the processor; and the processor is used for reading the computer program in the memory and performing the following operations:

[0025] Adjusting the transmission frequency of the second signal based on the first signal sent by the reading device or a protocol definition;

[0026] The first signal carries at least one of the following or the following is predefined by a protocol:

[0027] The first indication information is used for indicating a frequency parameter, a frequency parameter set or a maximum frequency parameter;

[0028] The second indication information is used for indicating a repetition coding parameter or a repetition coding parameter set;

[0029] The third indication information is used for indicating a signal sequence parameter or a signal sequence parameter set.

[0030] The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a signal transmission device, applied to a reading device, the device comprises:

[0031] The first sending module is used for sending a first signal to a first device, the first signal is used for indicating the first device to adjust the transmission frequency of a second signal; wherein the first signal carries at least one of the following:

[0032] The first indication information is used for indicating a frequency parameter, a frequency parameter set or a maximum frequency parameter;

[0033] The second indication information is used for indicating a repetition coding parameter or a repetition coding parameter set;

[0034] The third indication information is used for indicating a signal sequence parameter or a signal sequence parameter set.

[0035] The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a signal transmission device, applied to a first device, the device comprises:

[0036] The adjusting module is used for adjusting the transmission frequency of the second signal based on the first signal sent by the reading device or a protocol definition;

[0037] The first signal carries at least one of the following or the following is predefined by a protocol:

[0038] The first indication information is used for indicating a frequency parameter, a frequency parameter set or a maximum frequency parameter;

[0039] the second indication information is used for indicating the repetition coding parameter or the repetition coding parameter set;

[0040] the third indication information is used for indicating the signal sequence parameter or the signal sequence parameter set.

[0041] The processor readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is used for causing the processor to execute the signal transmission method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0042] The computer program product comprises computer instructions, and the computer instructions are executed by the processor to implement the steps of the signal transmission method.

[0043] In the embodiment, the reading device can send the first signal to the first device, and the first signal can carry at least one of the first indication information, the second indication information and the third indication information, the first indication information can indicate the frequency parameter, the frequency parameter set or the maximum value of the frequency parameter, the second indication information can indicate the repetition coding parameter or the repetition coding parameter set, and the third indication information can indicate the signal sequence parameter or the signal sequence parameter set. In this way, even if the reading device serves multiple first devices, the reading device can send the first signal to different first devices to indicate the first device to adjust the transmission frequency of the second signal based on the content indicated in the corresponding first signal, so as to adjust the transmission frequency of the second signal of different first devices, reduce the signal transmission interference and improve the signal transmission performance of the first device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0044] FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a network architecture applicable to the embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0045] FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a network architecture applicable to the embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0046] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a signal transmission method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0047] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a signal transmission method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0048] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a D2R signal and a CW signal overlapping in time;

[0049] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a sequence obtained by multiplying a generated square wave sequence and a coding sequence according to the embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0050] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a sequence obtained by performing first repetition coding according to the embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0051] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a sequence obtained by performing second repeated encoding according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0052] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a sequence obtained by performing R times encoding according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0053] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of modules of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0054] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of modules of another communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0055] FIG. 12 is a structural diagram of a signal transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0056] FIG. 13 is a structural diagram of another signal transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the term "and / or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can represent the following three cases: A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after it. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the term "multiple" means two or more, and other quantifiers are similar.

[0058] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved in the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0059] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a signal transmission method, apparatus, device, storage medium and computer program product to solve the problem of poor signal transmission performance of a first device.

[0060] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to various systems, especially the 6th Generation mobile communication technology (6G) system. For example, the applicable systems can be a global system of mobile communication (GSM) system, a code division multiple access (CDMA) system, a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) general packet radio service (GPRS) system, a long term evolution (LTE) system, an LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) system, an LTE time division duplex (TDD) system, a long term evolution advanced (LTE-A) system, a universal mobile system (UMTS), a worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) system, a 5th Generation mobile communication technology (5G New Radio, NR) system, a 6G system, and the like. The various systems all include terminal devices and network devices. The system can also include a core network part, such as an Evloved Packet System (EPS), a 5G system (5GS), and the like.

[0061] Please refer to FIG. 1, which is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the network architecture applicable to the embodiments of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 1, including a first device (for example, an Ambient IoT device (AIoT device)) 11 and a network device 12 (the reading device can be arranged in the network device, or the reading device is the network device).

[0062] The network device involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be a base station, which can include multiple cells serving terminals. According to different application scenarios, the base station can also be referred to as an access point, or can be a device in an access network that communicates with wireless terminal devices through one or more sectors over an air interface, or other names. The network device can be used to exchange received air frames with Internet Protocol (IP) packets as a router between wireless terminal devices and the rest of the access network, which can include an Internet Protocol (IP) communication network. The network device can also coordinate the management of the properties of the air interface. For example, the network device involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be a network device (Base Transceiver Station, BTS) in the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) or Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), or a network device (NodeB) in Wide-band Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), or an evolved network device (evolutional Node B, eNB or e-NodeB) in a long term evolution (LTE) system, or a 5G base station (gNB) in a next generation system (5G network architecture), or a base station in 6G, or a home evolved base station (HeNB), a relay node, a femto, a pico, etc. The embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited. In some network structures, the network device can include a centralized unit (CU) node and a distributed unit (DU) node, and the centralized unit and the distributed unit can also be arranged geographically apart.

[0063] Among them, the network architecture shown in FIG. 1 is the topology result of the direct connection between the AIoT device and the network device (such as a base station (Base Station, BS), which can be a 5G base station gNB, etc.), the AIoT device and the network device directly communicate with each other, and the communication between the network device and the AIoT device includes ring AIoT data and / or signaling. In this topology, the BS that sends signals to the AIoT device and the BS that receives signals from the AIoT device can be different. The signal sent by the base station to the A-IoT device can be referred to as R2D signal, and the signal sent by the AIoT device to the base station can be referred to as D2R signal.

[0064] Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a structural schematic diagram of a network architecture applicable to the embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 2, the network architecture includes a first device (for example, an AIoT device) 21, a network device 22, and an intermediate node 23 (a reading device can be arranged in the intermediate node, or the reading device is the intermediate node) located between the AIoT device 21 and the network device 22.

[0065] The network architecture shown in FIG. 2 is a topology architecture for transmission of the intermediate node and the AIoT device. The AIoT device is in bidirectional communication with the intermediate node located between the AIoT device and the base station, and the AIoT device communicates with the base station through the intermediate node. In this topology architecture, the intermediate node can be a relay node with AIoT signal transmission capability, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a user equipment (UE), a repeater, etc. The intermediate node transmits AIoT data and / or signaling between the BS and the AIoT device. The signal transmitted by the intermediate node to the AIoT device can be referred to as an R2D signal, and the signal transmitted by the AIoT device to the intermediate node can be referred to as a D2R signal.

[0066] Please refer to FIG. 3, which is a flowchart of a signal transmission method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, applied to a reading device. As shown in FIG. 3, the method includes the following steps:

[0067] Step 301: sending a first signal to a first device, the first signal being used to instruct the first device to adjust a transmission frequency of a second signal.

[0068] It should be noted that the first device can include, but is not limited to, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, for example, an Ambient IoT (AIoT) device, an energized IoT device, a passive IoT device, etc. Preferably, the first device in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be an AIoT device. The AIoT device does not have or only has limited energy storage capability, and can rely on wind, light, pressure, wireless signals, etc. in the environment to obtain energy, and has the characteristics of low energy consumption, low cost, and low complexity. In related protocols, three types of AIoT devices are defined, for example, Type 1 (also referred to as Type A): no energy storage capability, no independent signal generation capability, signal transmission through backscattering; Type 2a (also referred to as Type B): energy storage capability, no independent signal generation capability, signal transmission through backscattering, and the stored energy can be used to amplify the power of the backscattered signal; Type 2b (also referred to as Type C): energy storage capability, independent signal generation capability, and signal transmission using radio frequency devices.

[0069] It should be understood that the first signal can be a first R2D signal, and the second signal can be a D2R (Device to Reader) signal. For example, the first device can be an environmental IoT device, and the second signal can be a signal sent by the environmental IoT device to a reader device. The reader device sends the first signal to the first device, and the first signal can carry at least one of first indication information, second indication information, and third indication information, wherein the first indication information is used to indicate a frequency parameter, a set of frequency parameters, or a maximum value of the frequency parameter; the second indication information is used to indicate a repetition coding parameter or a set of repetition coding parameters; and the third indication information is used to indicate a signal sequence parameter or a set of signal sequence parameters.

[0070] In this way, the first device can be instructed to adjust the transmission frequency of the second signal based on the content indicated by the above indication information, for example, to perform frequency shifting (i.e., frequency shift) on the transmission frequency of the second signal. Frequency shifting can be understood as moving the frequency spectrum of the signal from the original center frequency to another frequency. Moreover, by indicating the first device to perform frequency adjustment through at least one of the above first indication information, second indication information, and third indication information, the flexibility of frequency adjustment of the first device can be improved. In addition, the reader device can include, but is not limited to, a base station, an intermediate node, etc., or the reader device can be disposed in a base station, an intermediate node, etc.

[0071] In addition, it should be noted that the set of frequency parameters includes at least two frequency parameters, the set of repetition coding parameters includes at least two repetition coding parameters, and the set of signal sequence parameters includes at least two signal sequence parameters. When the first signal carries any of these sets, the first device can select parameters in the carried set, and subsequently perform frequency adjustment based on the selected parameters. It should be noted that the repetition coding parameter in this application is used to realize the adjustment of the transmission frequency of the second signal.

[0072] In this embodiment, the reader device can send the first signal to the first device, and the first signal can carry at least one of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information. The first indication information can indicate a frequency parameter, a set of frequency parameters, or a maximum value of the frequency parameter. The second indication information can indicate a repetition coding parameter or a set of repetition coding parameters. The third indication information can indicate a signal sequence parameter or a set of signal sequence parameters. In this way, even if the reader device serves multiple first devices, the reader device can send the first signal to different first devices to instruct the first devices to adjust the transmission frequency of the second signal based on the content indicated by the indication information carried in the corresponding first signal. This can realize the adjustment of the transmission frequency of the second signal of different first devices, so as to reduce signal transmission interference and improve the signal transmission performance of the first device.

[0073] Meanwhile, some types of first devices need to send signals by backscattering an external carrier wave (CW) signal, the reading device almost simultaneously receives the CW signal and the second signal sent by the first device through backscattering, and the power of the second signal is usually much smaller than that of the CW signal, so the signal sent by the first device is more likely to be submerged by the CW signal, resulting in the second signal cannot be successfully received. Through the signal transmission scheme of the present disclosure, the reading device can initiate a first signal to the first device to instruct the first device to adjust the frequency of the second signal according to the first signal, so that the first device can adjust the frequency of the second signal to a frequency different from the CW signal, reduce the interference of the CW signal on the second signal, and improve the signal transmission performance of the first device.

[0074] In some embodiments, the frequency parameter comprises at least one of:

[0075] a frequency offset value of the reference frequency;

[0076] a transmission frequency.

[0077] It should be noted that the transmission frequency in the frequency parameter indicated by the first indication information can be understood as the frequency at which the first device is expected to transmit the second signal, which can also be referred to as the target transmission frequency. The frequency offset value of the reference frequency can be understood as the frequency at which the first device is expected to transmit the second signal, which is different from the reference frequency by the above frequency offset value. In this way, based on the reference frequency, the first device can know that the frequency of the second signal needs to be adjusted to the corresponding frequency position through the frequency offset value.

[0078] It should be noted that the reference frequency can be pre-defined by a protocol, or can be configured by the reading device, and can be indicated to the first device through the same first signal as the frequency parameter, that is, the first signal can also carry the reference frequency, or the signal indicating the reference frequency can also be a signal different from the first signal, for example, the reading device can send a fourth signal to the first device, the fourth signal is used to indicate the reference frequency, and the fourth signal and the first signal are two different signals. In addition, the reference frequency can be applied to one or more types of first devices for frequency adjustment. After the first device obtains the frequency parameter, it can calculate the frequency offset value that the second signal needs to adjust or the frequency to which the second signal needs to move, in order to adjust the frequency of the second signal.

[0079] In some embodiments, the reference frequency comprises any of:

[0080] a carrier wave (CW) frequency;

[0081] a frequency offset value required for uplink / downlink spectrum conversion;

[0082] a lowest frequency, a highest frequency, or a center frequency of a predetermined frequency band.

[0083] It should be understood that the predetermined frequency band can also be referred to as a designated frequency band or a preset frequency band. Since the uplink and downlink frequency spectrums can be different, the frequency offset value required for uplink and downlink spectrum conversion can be understood as the frequency difference required for conversion from the downlink spectrum to the uplink spectrum, or the frequency difference required for conversion from the uplink spectrum to the downlink spectrum, for example, receiving a CW transmitted in the downlink spectrum, the downlink frequency is A, and the second signal needs to be transmitted in the uplink spectrum. The protocol can define the frequency offset value required for uplink and downlink spectrum conversion in advance, or the reading device can configure the frequency offset value required for uplink and downlink spectrum conversion, so that the first device adjusts the transmission frequency of the second signal. In addition, the CW frequency can be taken as the default value of the reference frequency, for example.

[0084] In addition, it should be noted that the carrier CW here refers to the carrier provided by the external device, that is, not the carrier generated by the first device itself.

[0085] In the embodiment, the reference frequency can be any one of the above-mentioned items, so that different situations can be coped with.

[0086] In some embodiments, the repetition encoding parameter includes at least one of the following:

[0087] An encoding indication for indicating whether to use repetition encoding;

[0088] The number of repetitions of the repetition encoding;

[0089] The maximum value of the number of repetitions of the repetition encoding.

[0090] In some embodiments, the repetition encoding includes at least one of a first repetition encoding and a second repetition encoding;

[0091] The first repetition encoding is to perform repetition encoding on the encoding sequence of the second signal or the level inversion sequence corresponding to the encoding sequence of the second signal.

[0092] The second repetition encoding is a coding mode of level inversion on part of the first repetition encoding sequence obtained by the first repetition encoding.

[0093] It should be understood that the encoding sequence of the second signal can be the sequence after the second signal is encoded, and the second signal can be encoded in various ways, and the specific encoding method is not limited herein, for example, but not limited to, Manchester encoding, etc. The level inversion sequence in the embodiment can refer to the inversion of each level in the encoding sequence of the second signal. For example, the information bits of the second signal are 010, the encoding sequence of the second signal is 100110, and the corresponding level inversion sequence is 011001. The second repetition encoding is to further invert the level of part of the encoding in the corresponding first repetition encoding sequence on the basis of the first repetition encoding. It can be understood that the second repetition encoding is to first perform repetition encoding on the encoding sequence of the second signal or the level inversion sequence corresponding to the encoding sequence of the second signal (i.e., first perform the first repetition encoding), and then invert the level of part of the encoding in the first repetition encoding sequence obtained through the first repetition encoding.

[0094] In some embodiments, the second signal includes N information bits, N is a positive integer, the first repetition encoding sequence includes M*N code elements, M is greater than 1 and is an integer multiple of 2, each information bit corresponds to M code elements, and the part of the encoding includes the M / 2+1th to Mth code elements in the M code elements corresponding to each information bit.

[0095] That is, in the embodiment, the second signal can include N information bits, for example, the second signal is 010, which includes 3 information bits. If the encoding sequence of the second signal is 100110, the repetition encoding of the encoding sequence of the second signal can obtain a first repetition encoding sequence. Exemplarily, the repetition encoding in the disclosure can be code word level repetition encoding. For example, the code word level repetition encoding of the encoding sequence 100110 of the second signal can obtain a first repetition encoding sequence 101001011010, that is, each information bit in the 3 information bits corresponds to four code elements in the first repetition encoding sequence, for example, in the information bit sequence (i.e., the information bits of the second signal, N information bits) 010, in turn, the information bit 0 corresponds to 1010 in the first repetition encoding sequence, the information bit 1 corresponds to 0101 in the first repetition encoding sequence, and the information bit 0 corresponds to 1010 in the first repetition encoding sequence. The second repetition encoding mode is to invert the second half (i.e., the third to fourth code elements) of the code elements corresponding to each information bit in the first repetition sequence on this basis, and the second repetition encoding sequence obtained is 100101101001.

[0096] In some embodiments, the repetition number is the ratio between the frequency difference before and after the frequency shift and the information bit rate of the second signal.

[0097] The frequency difference before and after the frequency shift can also be understood as the frequency difference before and after the frequency shift or the frequency difference to be adjusted. The reading device can know the frequency of the first device after the frequency shift (e.g., the target transmission frequency, etc.) and can also know the frequency before the frequency shift. Therefore, the reading device can know the frequency difference to be adjusted. In the embodiment, the reading device is configured to repeat the number of times to satisfy the ratio between the frequency difference before and after the frequency shift and the information bit rate of the second signal.

[0098] In some embodiments, the signal sequence parameters include at least one of:

[0099] The sequence polarity indication is used to indicate the sequence polarity of the square wave sequence and / or the encoding sequence of the second signal. The sequence polarity is unipolar or bipolar.

[0100] The square wave sequence frequency parameter is used to generate the square wave sequence, and the square wave sequence is used to adjust the transmission frequency of the second signal.

[0101] The encoding number of the second signal or the maximum value of the encoding number of the second signal.

[0102] For the sequence polarity indication, the sequence polarity of the square wave sequence and / or the encoding sequence of the second signal can be indicated. In this way, after the first device receives the sequence polarity indication, the polarity of the square wave sequence and / or the encoding sequence can be adjusted according to the sequence polarity indicated by the sequence polarity indication, so as to adjust the level correspondence between the encoding sequence, the square wave sequence, and the second signal after the frequency is adjusted by the square wave sequence. For example, for bit 0, if the square wave sequence and the encoding sequence are both unipolar, the square wave sequence takes a value of 0, the encoding sequence takes a value of 0, and the multiplication result is still 0, i.e., low level. If the square wave sequence and the encoding sequence are both bipolar, the square wave sequence takes a value of -1, the encoding sequence takes a value of -1, and the multiplication result is still 1, i.e., high level. It can be seen that different sequence polarities correspond to different level correspondences of the three sequences.

[0103] The square wave sequence can be used to adjust the transmission frequency of the second signal. There are various ways to adjust the transmission frequency of the second signal using the square wave, which are not specifically limited. For example, the square wave sequence can be multiplied by the encoding sequence of the second signal to achieve frequency adjustment of the second signal. The square wave sequence frequency parameter can also be included in the signal sequence parameter configured by the reading device. After the first device receives the square wave sequence frequency parameter, the square wave sequence can be generated according to the square wave sequence frequency parameter, so that the frequency of the generated square wave sequence matches the square wave sequence frequency parameter. The encoding number of the second signal or the maximum value of the encoding number of the second signal can also be included in the signal sequence parameter configured by the reading device. If the encoding number of the second signal (a positive integer) is included, the first device can perform encoding on the second signal after receiving to achieve frequency shift of the second signal, and the encoding number of the second signal is the encoding number. If the maximum value of the encoding number of the second signal is included, the second signal can be encoded between the second preset encoding number (which can be preset according to actual needs and historical experience, and is not specifically limited, for example, it can be 0) and the maximum value of the encoding number of the second signal. The second signal is encoded using the selected value, that is, the encoding number of the second signal is the selected value, and the frequency shift of the second signal is achieved. It can be understood that the first device can perform R times encoding on the second signal after receiving the first signal. R can be the encoding number of the second signal indicated by the first signal, or a value selected between the second preset encoding number and the maximum value of the encoding number of the second signal.

[0104] In the embodiment, at least one of the above sequence polarity indication, square wave sequence frequency parameter, and encoding number information of the second signal (encoding number of the second signal or maximum value of the encoding number of the second signal) can be included in the signal sequence parameter, that is, the first device can be instructed to adjust the transmission frequency of the second signal through the at least one, improving the flexibility of indicating frequency adjustment.

[0105] In some embodiments, the square wave sequence frequency parameter includes at least one of:

[0106] Square wave sequence frequency;

[0107] First ratio, the first ratio being a ratio of the square wave sequence frequency to the symbol rate or the information bit rate;

[0108] Maximum value of the square wave sequence frequency, or maximum value of the first ratio.

[0109] It should be understood that if the square wave sequence frequency is included, the first device can generate the square wave sequence according to the square wave sequence frequency, and the frequency of the generated square wave sequence is the square wave sequence frequency. In addition, the reading device can configure the symbol rate or the information bit rate, and can indicate the symbol rate or the information bit rate to the first device. The first device can transmit according to the indicated symbol rate or information bit rate, that is, the first device is aware of the symbol rate or the information bit rate. If the square wave sequence frequency parameter includes the first ratio, after the first device receives the ratio, since the symbol rate or the information bit rate is known, the square wave sequence frequency can be determined by multiplying the symbol rate or the information bit rate by the first ratio, that is, the square wave sequence can be generated using the determined square wave sequence frequency, and the frequency of the generated square wave sequence is the determined square wave sequence frequency.

[0110] In addition, the square wave sequence frequency parameter can also include the maximum value of the square wave sequence frequency, or the maximum value of the first ratio, which is configured in the square wave sequence frequency parameter and indicated to the first device. If the square wave sequence frequency parameter includes the maximum value of the square wave sequence frequency, after the first device receives it, the first device can select between a preset square wave frequency value (which can be preset according to actual needs and historical experience, without specific limitation, for example, it can be 0) and the maximum value of the square wave sequence frequency. The square wave sequence is generated using the selected frequency value, and the square wave sequence is used to adjust the transmission frequency of the second signal. If the square wave sequence frequency parameter includes the maximum value of the first ratio, after the first device receives it, the first device can select between a preset ratio (which can be preset according to actual needs and historical experience, without specific limitation, for example, it can be 0) and the maximum value of the first ratio. Since the symbol rate or the information bit rate is known in advance, the square wave sequence frequency can be determined using the selected ratio and the symbol rate or the information bit rate, and the square wave sequence is generated to adjust the transmission frequency of the second signal.

[0111] In some embodiments, the first signal also carries a parameter selection rule, or the method further comprises: transmitting a third signal to the first device, the third signal being used to indicate the parameter selection rule, or the parameter selection rule being predefined by the protocol; wherein the parameter selection rule is used by the first device to select parameters in at least one of the following:

[0112] a frequency parameter set;

[0113] a repetition encoding parameter set;

[0114] a signal sequence parameter set;

[0115] a frequency parameter range, the lower limit of the frequency parameter range being a preset frequency parameter value, and the upper limit being a maximum value of the frequency parameter;

[0116] a repetition encoding parameter range, the lower limit of the repetition encoding parameter range being a first preset encoding number, and the upper limit being a maximum value of the repetition number of the repetition encoding;

[0117] a coding number range, a lower limit of the coding number range being a second preset coding number, and an upper limit of the coding number range being a maximum value of the coding number of the second signal;

[0118] a square wave sequence frequency range, a lower limit of the square wave sequence frequency range being a preset square wave frequency value, and an upper limit of the square wave sequence frequency range being a maximum value of the square wave sequence frequency;

[0119] a ratio range, a lower limit of the ratio range being a preset ratio, and an upper limit of the ratio range being a maximum value of the first ratio, the first ratio being a ratio of the square wave sequence frequency to the symbol rate or the information bit rate.

[0120] Since the first signal can carry the set of frequency parameters, the set of repetition coding parameters, and the set of signal sequence parameters, and since there is more than one parameter included in the set, the first device needs to select the parameters. In addition, since the first signal can carry the maximum value of the frequency parameters, the maximum value of the repetition number of the repetition coding can be included in the signal sequence parameters, the maximum value of the coding number of the second signal can be included in the signal sequence parameters, and the maximum value of the square wave sequence frequency or the maximum value of the first ratio can be included in the square wave sequence frequency parameter in the signal sequence parameters, that is, the first signal can indicate the maximum values of the related parameters, and thus the first device needs to select the parameters in the interval less than the maximum value. The first device can select the parameters in various ways, and the specific selection manner is not limited. For example, the first device can select the parameters according to its own state or attribute, or can randomly select the parameters, or can select the parameters by using a parameter selection rule. In this embodiment, the parameters can be selected by using the parameter selection rule, and the parameter selection rule can be carried in the first signal, or can be carried in another third signal, or can be predefined by a protocol. In addition, it should be noted that the first preset coding number and the second preset coding number can be preset according to actual needs and historical experience, and the specific presetting is not limited. The first preset coding number and the second preset coding number can be the same or different, for example, both can be 0. The preset frequency parameter value can be preset according to actual needs and historical experience, and the specific presetting is not limited. For example, the preset frequency parameter value can be 0. The preset square wave frequency value can also be preset according to actual needs and historical experience, and the specific presetting is not limited. For example, the preset square wave frequency value can be 0. The preset ratio can also be preset according to actual needs and historical experience, and the specific presetting is not limited. For example, the preset ratio can be 0.

[0121] In some embodiments, the first signal further carries fourth indication information, and the fourth indication information is used to indicate a device type to which the reference frequency can be applied.

[0122] It should be understood that the device type indicated by the fourth indication information can be one or more types, the reading device can indicate the frequency offset value of the second signal relative to the reference frequency, and can also indicate the device type to which the reference frequency can be applied. Only the indicated device type can use the reference frequency indicated by the reading device for frequency adjustment, and other devices that do not belong to the device type indicated by the fourth indication information can use the default reference frequency for frequency adjustment. In this way, different types of devices can be scheduled to perform different frequency adjustments, thereby reducing signal transmission interference while meeting the capacity limitations of different devices.

[0123] Exemplarily, for AIoT devices, there are also different types, such as type 1, type 2a, and type 2b, etc. The fourth indication information can be used to indicate the AIoT device type to which the reference frequency can be applied. In this way, only the indicated AIoT device type can use the reference frequency indicated by the reading device for frequency adjustment, and other AIoT devices that do not belong to the device type indicated by the fourth indication information can use the default reference frequency for frequency adjustment. In this way, different types of AIoT devices can be scheduled to perform different frequency adjustments, thereby reducing signal transmission interference while meeting the capacity limitations of different AIoT devices.

[0124] Please refer to FIG. 4, which is a flowchart of a signal transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, applied to a first device. As shown in FIG. 4, the method comprises the following steps:

[0125] Step 401: Adjusting the transmission frequency of the second signal based on the first signal sent by the reading device or the protocol predefinition;

[0126] The first signal carries at least one of the following or the following is pre-defined by the protocol:

[0127] The first indication information is used to indicate the frequency parameter, the set of frequency parameters, or the maximum value of the frequency parameter;

[0128] The second indication information is used to indicate the repetition coding parameter or the set of repetition coding parameters;

[0129] The third indication information is used to indicate the signal sequence parameter or the set of signal sequence parameters.

[0130] That is, the first device can receive the first signal sent by the reading device, and adjust the transmission frequency of the second signal based on the first signal. The first device can also adjust the frequency without receiving the first signal, and can adjust the transmission frequency of the second signal through the protocol predefinition. It can be understood that the above at least one item can be pre-defined by the protocol. In this way, the first device can adjust the transmission frequency of the second signal through the protocol predefinition of the above at least one item.

[0131] In some embodiments, the frequency parameter comprises at least one of:

[0132] a frequency offset value of the reference frequency;

[0133] a transmission frequency.

[0134] In some embodiments, the reference frequency comprises any one of:

[0135] a carrier wave (CW) frequency;

[0136] a frequency offset value required for uplink and downlink spectrum conversion;

[0137] a lowest frequency, a highest frequency, or a center frequency of a predetermined frequency band.

[0138] In some embodiments, the repetition encoding parameter comprises at least one of:

[0139] an encoding indication indicating whether repetition encoding is used or not;

[0140] a repetition number of the repetition encoding;

[0141] a maximum value of the repetition number of the repetition encoding.

[0142] In some embodiments, the repetition encoding comprises at least one of a first repetition encoding and a second repetition encoding;

[0143] wherein the first repetition encoding is repetition encoding on a coding sequence of the second signal or a level inversion sequence corresponding to the coding sequence of the second signal;

[0144] the second repetition encoding is a coding mode of level inversion on part of the first repetition encoding sequence obtained by the first repetition encoding.

[0145] In some embodiments, the repetition encoding is code word level repetition encoding.

[0146] In some embodiments, the repetition number is a ratio between a frequency difference before and after frequency shift and an information bit rate of the second signal.

[0147] In some embodiments, the signal sequence parameter comprises at least one of:

[0148] a sequence polarity indication indicating a sequence polarity of a square wave sequence and / or a coding sequence of the second signal, the sequence polarity being unipolar or bipolar;

[0149] a square wave sequence frequency parameter, the square wave sequence frequency parameter being used to generate a square wave sequence, the square wave sequence being used to adjust a transmission frequency of the second signal;

[0150] a coding number of the second signal or a maximum value of the coding number of the second signal.

[0151] In some embodiments, the square wave sequence frequency parameter comprises at least one of:

[0152] a square wave sequence frequency;

[0153] a first ratio, the first ratio being a ratio of the square wave sequence frequency to a symbol rate or an information bit rate;

[0154] a maximum value of the square wave sequence frequency, or a maximum value of the first ratio.

[0155] In some embodiments, the adjusting the transmission frequency of the second signal based on the first signal comprises:

[0156] selecting the parameter in at least one of:

[0157] a set of frequency parameters;

[0158] a set of repetition encoding parameters;

[0159] a set of signal sequence parameters;

[0160] a frequency parameter range, a lower limit of the frequency parameter range being a preset frequency parameter value, and an upper limit of the frequency parameter range being a maximum value of the frequency parameter;

[0161] a repetition encoding parameter range, a lower limit of the repetition encoding parameter range being a first preset encoding number, and an upper limit of the repetition encoding parameter range being a maximum value of a repetition number of the repetition encoding;

[0162] an encoding number range, a lower limit of the encoding number range being a second preset encoding number, and an upper limit of the encoding number range being a maximum value of an encoding number of the second signal;

[0163] a square wave sequence frequency range, a lower limit of the square wave sequence frequency range being a preset square wave frequency value, and an upper limit of the square wave sequence frequency range being a maximum value of the square wave sequence frequency;

[0164] a ratio range, a lower limit of the ratio range being a preset ratio, and an upper limit of the ratio range being a maximum value of the first ratio, the first ratio being a ratio of the square wave sequence frequency to a symbol rate or an information bit rate.

[0165] In some embodiments, the first signal further carries a parameter selection rule, or the method further comprises: receiving a third signal sent by the reading device, the third signal being used to indicate the parameter selection rule, or the parameter selection rule being predefined by a protocol;

[0166] selecting the parameter in at least one of:

[0167] selecting the parameter based on the parameter selection rule.

[0168] It should be understood that the transmission frequency of the second signal can be adjusted according to the first signal and the third signal. If the parameter selection rule is predefined by the protocol, the transmission frequency of the second signal can be adjusted according to the first signal and the parameter selection rule predefined by the protocol. If the first signal also carries the parameter selection rule, the transmission frequency of the second signal is adjusted according to at least one of the first indication information, the second indication information and the third indication information in the first signal and the parameter selection rule in the first signal.

[0169] In some embodiments, the transmission frequency of the second signal is adjusted based on the first signal, including at least one of:

[0170] Frequency shift of the second signal based on the first indication information;

[0171] Repeat coding of the coding sequence of the second signal based on the second indication information;

[0172] Generation of a square wave sequence based on the sequence polarity indication and / or the square wave sequence frequency parameter indicated by the third indication information, and multiplication of the square wave sequence and the coding sequence of the second signal;

[0173] Encoding of the second signal R times based on the coding number of the second signal indicated by the third indication information or the maximum value of the coding number of the second signal, R being a positive integer.

[0174] It should be understood that if the first indication information indicates the frequency parameter set or the frequency parameter maximum value, or the second indication information indicates the repetition coding parameter set, or the third indication information indicates the signal sequence parameter set, or the repetition coding parameter indicated by the second indication information includes the maximum value of the repetition number of the repetition coding, or the signal parameter sequence parameter indicated by the third indication information includes the maximum value of the coding number of the second signal, or the signal parameter sequence parameter indicated by the third indication information includes the maximum value of the square wave sequence frequency, or the maximum value of the first ratio, parameter selection needs to be performed, and the transmission frequency of the second signal can be adjusted according to the selected parameters. For example, the second signal is frequency-shifted based on the first indication information and the parameter selection rule; or the coding sequence of the second signal is repetition-coded based on the second indication information and the parameter selection rule; or the square wave sequence is generated based on the third indication information and the parameter selection rule, and the square wave sequence is multiplied with the coding sequence of the second signal; or the second signal is coded R times based on the third indication information and the parameter selection rule. For example, the second signal is frequency-shifted based on the first indication information, which can include selecting a frequency parameter in the frequency parameter set or selecting a frequency parameter in the range from the first preset coding number to the frequency parameter maximum value, and the selected frequency parameter is used to frequency-shift the second signal, for example, to calculate the frequency offset value that needs to be adjusted for the second signal or the frequency to which the second signal needs to be moved, so as to adjust the frequency of the second signal.

[0175] If parameter selection is not required, for example, the first indication information indicates the frequency parameter, the second indication information indicates the repetition coding parameter, the repetition coding parameter does not include the maximum value of the repetition number of the repetition coding, the third indication information indicates the signal sequence parameter, the signal parameter sequence parameter does not include the maximum value of the coding number of the second signal, the signal parameter sequence parameter does not include the maximum value of the square wave sequence frequency, the signal parameter sequence parameter does not include the maximum value of the first ratio, and the first signal indication information satisfies at least one of the above conditions, the device can adjust the transmission frequency of the second signal based on the first signal, and parameter selection can not be required. For example, the first indication information indicates the frequency parameter, and the device can calculate the frequency offset value that needs to be adjusted for the second signal or the frequency to which the second signal needs to be moved according to the indicated frequency parameter, so as to adjust the frequency of the second signal.

[0176] For frequency-shifting the second signal based on the first indication information, if the first indication information indicates the frequency parameter, the second signal is frequency-shifted according to the indicated frequency parameter, if the first indication information indicates the frequency parameter set or the frequency parameter maximum value, parameter selection is performed in the frequency parameter set or the frequency parameter range according to the parameter selection rule, and the second signal is frequency-shifted according to the selected frequency parameter.

[0177] For the repetition coding of the coded sequence of the second signal based on the second indication information, if the second indication information indicates the repetition coding parameter and the repetition coding parameter does not include the maximum value of the repetition number of the repetition coding (for example, the repetition coding parameter includes at least one of the coding indication and the repetition number of the repetition coding), the coded sequence of the second signal can be repetition coded according to the indicated repetition coding parameter. If the second indication information indicates the repetition coding parameter set; or indicates the repetition coding parameter and the repetition coding parameter includes the maximum value of the repetition number of the repetition coding, the parameter selection can be performed in the repetition coding parameter set or the repetition coding parameter range, and the coded sequence of the second signal is repetition coded according to the selected repetition coding parameter.

[0178] For the sequence polarity indication and / or square wave sequence frequency parameter indicated based on the third indication information, the square wave sequence is generated, and the square wave sequence is multiplied with the coded sequence of the second signal. For example, if the third indication information indicates the signal sequence parameter and the signal sequence parameter does not include the coding number of the second signal and the maximum value of the coding number (for example, the signal sequence parameter includes at least one of the sequence polarity indication and the square wave sequence frequency parameter), the square wave sequence can be generated according to the sequence polarity indication and / or the square wave sequence frequency parameter in the indicated signal sequence parameter, and the square wave sequence is multiplied with the coded sequence of the second signal. If the third indication information indicates the signal sequence set, the parameter selection can be performed in the signal sequence parameter set, and the square wave sequence is generated according to the selected signal sequence parameter, for example, the selected sequence polarity indication and / or the selected square wave sequence frequency parameter, and the square wave sequence is multiplied with the coded sequence of the second signal. If the third indication information indicates the signal sequence parameter and the signal sequence parameter includes the square wave sequence frequency parameter, and the square wave frequency parameter includes the maximum value of the square wave sequence frequency or the maximum value of the first ratio, the frequency value selection can be performed between the preset square wave frequency value to the maximum value of the square wave sequence frequency, the square wave sequence is generated according to the selected frequency value, and the square wave sequence is multiplied with the coded sequence of the second signal, or the ratio selection can be performed between the preset ratio to the maximum value of the first ratio, the square wave sequence frequency is determined according to the selected ratio, the square wave sequence is generated, and the square wave sequence is multiplied with the coded sequence of the second signal.

[0179] For the number of encodings of the second signal indicated based on the third indication information or the maximum value of the number of encodings of the second signal, the second signal is encoded R times, if the third indication information indicates the signal sequence parameter and the signal sequence parameter includes the number of encodings of the second signal but does not include the maximum value of the number of encodings of the second signal, the second signal is encoded the number of encodings times according to the number of encodings of the second signal included in the signal sequence parameter. If the third indication information indicates the signal sequence parameter and the signal sequence parameter includes the maximum value of the number of encodings of the second signal, the parameter can be selected in the range of the number of encodings, and the second signal is encoded according to the selected number of encodings, that is, the second signal is encoded the selected number of encodings times.

[0180] Exemplarily, the encoding modes of the R times of encoding can be the same or different (all different or partially different), and the encoding modes in the R times of encoding can not be specifically limited, for example, Manchester encoding mode, etc.

[0181] In some embodiments, the repeated encoding includes at least one of first repeated encoding and second repeated encoding;

[0182] The repeated encoding of the encoding sequence of the second signal based on the second indication information includes at least one of:

[0183] The first repeated encoding of the encoding sequence of the second signal includes at least one of:

[0184] The second repeated encoding of the encoding sequence of the second signal includes at least one of:

[0185] It can be understood that the second repeated encoding mode can be that the encoding sequence of the second signal or the level inversion sequence of the encoding sequence of the second signal is first repeatedly encoded to obtain the first repeated encoding sequence, that is, the first repeated encoding is first performed, and then the part of the encoding in the first repeated encoding sequence obtained by the first repeated encoding is level inverted. Through the repeated encoding of the encoding sequence of the second signal, the frequency adjustment is realized.

[0186] In some embodiments, the second signal includes N information bits, N is a positive integer, the first repeated encoding sequence includes M*N symbols, M is greater than 1 and is an integer multiple of 2, each information bit corresponds to M symbols, and the part of the encoding includes the M / 2+1th to Mth symbols of the M symbols corresponding to each information bit.

[0187] In some embodiments, the second signal includes N information bits, N being a positive integer, after R times of encoding, each information bit of the N information bits corresponds to K encoded bits, K being an integer greater than 1, wherein the transmission time length of each information bit is the same as the total transmission time length of the K encoded bits corresponding to the information bit.

[0188] For example, the second signal is 010, that is, it includes 3 information bits, and 2 times of encoding is performed. The symbol sequence (encoded bit sequence) obtained by the first encoding can be 100110. The symbol sequence (encoded bit sequence) obtained by performing the second encoding on the result of the first encoding, that is, the second encoding, can be 011010010110. The encoded bit sequence after 2 times of encoding includes 12 encoded bits, each information bit corresponds to 4 encoded bits, that is, the 4 encoded bits corresponding to the first information bit 0 are 0110, the 4 encoded bits corresponding to the second information bit 1 are 1001, and the 4 encoded bits corresponding to the third information bit 0 are 0110. If the signal transmission time length of each information bit is T, the total signal transmission time length of the K encoded bits corresponding to any information bit is also T. For example, the transmission time length of the information bit 0 is T, and the total transmission time length of the 4 encoded bits 0110 corresponding to the information bit 0 is T.

[0189] The process of the above method is specifically described below with some specific embodiments taken as an example of the first device being an AIoT device.

[0190] IoT devices in the related art are all powered by batteries, and need to be charged or have the batteries replaced regularly, resulting in a large amount of manpower and material resources. Therefore, in order to further reduce the cost of IoT devices and expand their application range, a new device type, “A-IoT” (AIoT), is defined in the related protocol. AIoT devices do not have or only have limited energy storage capabilities, rely on wind, light, pressure, wireless signals and other ways in the environment to obtain energy, and have the characteristics of low energy consumption, low cost and low complexity.

[0191] Introduction of the related art:

[0192] 1) AIoT device type

[0193] In the related protocol, AIoT devices are divided into the following categories according to power consumption and performance:

[0194] AIoT device type 1: peak power consumption is about 1 μW; does not have signal amplification capability in the process of receiving R2D signal and sending D2R signal; needs to implement D2R signal sending by backscattering the externally provided carrier signal.

[0195] AIoT device type 2: peak power consumption ≤ hundreds of μW; with signal amplification capability in the process of R2D signal receiving and / or D2R signal sending; D2R signal sending is realized by independently generating a signal or backscattering an externally provided carrier signal. Among them, the device without independent signal generation capability and realizing signal sending by backscattering is AIoT device type 2a; the device with independent signal generation capability is AIoT device type 2b.

[0196] 2) Backscattering communication

[0197] A backscattering communication system is usually composed of a reading device with radio frequency capability and a tag without radio frequency capability. The reading device sends a radio frequency signal to the tag. After the radio frequency signal electromagnetic wave reaches the surface of the tag antenna, a reflected echo, i.e. a backscattering signal, is formed. By changing the load impedance of the antenna, the tag can control the amplitude, waveform, frequency, etc. of the backscattering signal, thereby modulating information into the backscattering signal. The relationship between the reflected signal and the excitation signal can be expressed as: out S in = S i ;

[0198] Wherein, S out is the reflected signal, S in is the excitation signal, is the reflection coefficient, Z i is the load impedance, and Z a is the antenna impedance. When Γ i = 0, the energy of the excitation signal is completely absorbed by the tag antenna; when Γ i ≠ 0, the excitation signal is partially absorbed and partially reflected. The tag can change the amplitude / phase / frequency of the CW signal by different amplitude / phase / variation rate of the backscattering coefficient, thereby obtaining different modulation symbols. The reading device receives and reads the backscattering signal from the tag, and thus obtains the information transmitted by the tag.

[0199] 3) CW interference

[0200] The reading device or the CW sending source (excitation source) sends a CW signal, and the AIoT device backscatters the CW signal to obtain a D2R signal. The time delay required by the backscattering process of the AIoT device is extremely short, so the D2R signal and the CW signal will overlap in time, as shown in FIG. 5.

[0201] D2R signal experiences two-way path loss from the reading device or CW transmitter to the AIoT device, and from the AIoT device to the reading device, so the signal power is low. While the CW signal has large transmission power and at most experiences single-way path loss (when the reading device and the CW transmitter are the same node, the CW signal propagation path corresponds to the path between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna of the node; when the reading device and the CW transmitter are different nodes, the CW signal propagation path corresponds to the path between the CW transmitter and the reading device), so the D2R signal received by the reading device is easily submerged by the CW signal, resulting in the reading device being unable to correctly decode the D2R signal.

[0202] 4) AIoT random access

[0203] Currently, the related protocols give two mechanisms of 3-step and 2-step for AIoT random access.

[0204] The flow of 3-step random access is as follows:

[0205] AIoT paging: the reading device sends a paging message to the AIoT device, triggering the random access process;

[0206] AIoT Message (Msg) 1: the AIoT device sends a randomly generated identity document (ID) to the reading device;

[0207] AIoT Msg2: the reading device sends the ID received in Msg1 to the AIoT device;

[0208] AIoT Msg3: the AIoT device sends the device ID and / or other data to the reading device according to the high layer requirement.

[0209] The flow of 2-step random access is as follows:

[0210] AIoT paging: the reading device sends a paging message to the AIoT device, triggering the random access process;

[0211] AIoT Msg1: the AIoT device sends the device ID and / or other data to the reading device according to the high layer requirement.

[0212] AIoT Msg2: the reading device repeatedly sends part of the information obtained from Msg1 to the AIoT device.

[0213] Both AIoT device type 1 and 2a need to send signals by means of backscattering an external carrier wave signal (CW). The reading device receives the CW signal and the D2R signal sent by the AIoT device through backscattering almost simultaneously. The power of the D2R signal is usually much smaller than that of the CW signal, so it is easily submerged by the CW signal, resulting in the reading device failing to successfully receive the D2R signal.

[0214] In addition, the application scenario of the AIoT system usually has a large device density requirement, and one reading device can serve multiple AIoT devices. Due to the limited communication capability of the AIoT device, its random access process needs to be triggered by the reading device. When a large number of AIoT devices need to access, multiple devices may respond to the R2D signal sent by the reading device at the same time, resulting in collision between multiple D2R signals.

[0215] Currently, the unicast scheduling signaling (such as read command, return handle command, etc.) in the radio frequency identification (RFID) system does not support the indication of the transmission frequency of the tag. In the RFID random access mechanism, only time division multiple access between multiple tags is supported, but different uplink signal transmission frequencies for different tags cannot be configured by the reading device.

[0216] The unicast scheduling signaling in the RFID system does not support the indication of the transmission frequency of the tag, and cannot avoid CW interference through frequency shifting, but can only eliminate CW interference through estimation and reconstruction of the CW signal. However, due to the limited accuracy of channel estimation and CW signal reconstruction, there will still be some residual interference. Frequency shifting can almost completely avoid CW interference.

[0217] In the RFID random access technology, multiple tags cannot use different uplink signal transmission frequencies, and only multiple access is realized in the time dimension. The application scenario of the AIoT system usually has a large AIoT device density. If only different time resources are used to disperse the uplink signals of the AIoT devices in the random access process to avoid collision, on the one hand, the reading device needs to allocate more time resources to the AIoT devices, resulting in time delay; on the other hand, when the time resources are limited, the probability of different AIoT devices selecting the same time resource to send the D2R signal is large, and the access efficiency of the system is low.

[0218] To reduce interference and improve transmission performance, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a signal transmission scheme. The reading device sends a first signal including at least one of first indication information, second indication information, and third indication information to the AIoT device, indicating the AIoT device to adjust the transmission frequency, and the AIoT device can perform frequency shift on the backscattering signal. By shifting the D2R signal to a frequency point different from the CW signal, CW interference can be avoided, and different AIoT devices can shift the D2R signal to different frequencies, thereby avoiding collision of D2R signals between AIoT devices in the random access process.

[0219] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for indicating AIoT devices to perform frequency shift on backscattering signals.

[0220] 1. The reading device indicates the AIoT device to adjust the frequency offset of the second signal (e.g., D2R signal) in the first signal (e.g., first R2D signal) by at least one of the following ways:

[0221] (1) First indication information indicating a frequency parameter, or a set of frequency parameters, or a maximum value of the frequency parameter.

[0222] The frequency parameter can include at least one of the following:

[0223] The frequency offset value of the D2R transmission frequency relative to the reference frequency: The reference frequency can be the CW frequency, or the shift frequency required for uplink / downlink spectrum conversion, or the lowest / highest / center frequency of a specified frequency band; The reference frequency can be pre-defined by the protocol, or pre-configured by the reading device, for example, it can be indicated by the R2D signal (which can be the first R2D signal or another R2D signal); The reference frequency can be applied to one or more AIoT device types for frequency shift; Preferably, the CW frequency can be used as the default value of the reference frequency.

[0224] D2R transmission frequency (i.e., target transmission frequency).

[0225] (2) Second indication information indicating a repetition parameter or a set of repetition parameters:

[0226] The repetition parameter can include at least one of the following:

[0227] Encoding indication indicating whether to use first repetition encoding and / or second repetition encoding

[0228] The repetition number of the first repetition encoding and / or the second repetition encoding;

[0229] The maximum value of the repetition number of the first repetition encoding and / or the second repetition encoding;

[0230] The first repetition coding is code word level repetition coding on an encoding sequence of the D2R signal or a level inversion sequence of the encoding sequence.

[0231] The level inversion sequence is a sequence obtained by inverting high and low levels of the encoding sequence, for example, inverting +1 and -1 for a bipolar sequence, or inverting 0 and 1 for a unipolar sequence.

[0232] The second repetition coding is code word level repetition coding on the encoding sequence or the level inversion sequence thereof, and the latter half of the repetition coding sequence corresponding to each information bit is inverted in level.

[0233] The repetition number P of the first repetition coding or the second repetition coding satisfies: P = Q / 2, and P = △F / R bit , wherein Q is the ratio of the symbol rate after the first repetition coding or the second repetition coding to the information bit rate, △F is the frequency difference before and after the shift, and R bit is the information bit rate value (D2R signal information bit rate).

[0234] (3) The third indication information indicates the encoding sequence and / or square wave sequence parameter (i.e. signal sequence parameter), or the encoding sequence and / or square wave sequence parameter set (i.e. signal sequence parameter set):

[0235] The encoding sequence and / or square wave sequence parameter includes at least one of the following contents:

[0236] Sequence polarity indication, indicating the polarity of the encoding sequence and / or square wave sequence, which is unipolar or bipolar;

[0237] The square wave sequence frequency parameter can include the square wave sequence frequency, the ratio of the square wave sequence frequency to the symbol rate, the maximum value of the square wave sequence frequency, or the maximum value of the ratio of the square wave sequence frequency to the symbol rate, etc.

[0238] The encoding number of the D2R signal, or the maximum value of the encoding number of the D2R signal.

[0239] In addition, it should be noted that the first R2D signal:

[0240] It can be periodic or aperiodic;

[0241] It can be broadcast, or it can be multicast or unicast.

[0242] 2. The AIoT device determines the backscattering signal frequency shift parameter by at least one of the following ways:

[0243] (1) According to the parameter selection rule pre-defined according to the protocol or read by the device through the third signal (for example, the second R2D signaling), parameter selection is performed:

[0244] The parameter selection includes at least one of the following:

[0245] Selecting one or a group of frequency parameters in the frequency parameter set;

[0246] Selecting one or a group of repetition parameters in the repetition parameter set;

[0247] Selecting one or a group of coding sequence and / or square wave sequence parameters in the coding sequence and / or square wave sequence parameter set;

[0248] Selecting one or a group of frequency parameters in 0~the maximum value of the frequency parameter;

[0249] Selecting one or a group of repetition times of the first repetition coding and / or the second repetition coding in 0~the maximum value of the repetition times of the first repetition coding and / or the second repetition coding;

[0250] Selecting one or a group of coding times in 0~the maximum value of the coding times;

[0251] Selecting one or a group of frequencies in 0~the maximum value of the square wave sequence frequency;

[0252] Selecting one or a group of ratios in 0~the maximum value of the ratio of the square wave sequence frequency to the symbol rate or the information bit rate.

[0253] The second R2D signaling can be the same signaling as the first R2D signaling, or can be different signaling;

[0254] Optionally, when the scheme of the present disclosure is applied to random access, the first R2D signal and the second R2D signaling are both AIoT paging signaling.

[0255] (2) The D2R signal frequency value or the frequency offset value is calculated according to the frequency parameter indicated in the first R2D signal.

[0256] 3. The AIoT device realizes backscattering frequency shift through at least one of the following ways:

[0257] (1) Generating a square wave sequence and multiplying it with a coding sequence;

[0258] The frequency of the square wave sequence can be N times the symbol transmission rate of the coding sequence of the D2R signal, and N is an integer greater than 1;

[0259] The frequency of the square wave sequence, the square wave sequence and the polarity of the coding sequence can be pre-defined according to the protocol or indicated by the first R2D signaling and / or the second R2D signaling by the device;

[0260] (2) the encoding sequence of the D2R signal is first repeatedly encoded and / or second repeatedly encoded:

[0261] Exemplarily, the encoding sequence can be a Manchester sequence.

[0262] (3) the information bits of the D2R signal are encoded R times:

[0263] In the R-time encoding, the encoding mode can be, but is not limited to, a code in which the middle of the symbol and / or the start of the symbol and / or the end of the symbol contains a level jump, the code rate after encoding is greater than the information bit rate, such as Manchester encoding, etc.

[0264] The number of encodings R, the encoding mode, and the code rate can be indicated by the reading device through the first R2D signaling and / or the second R2D signaling, and R is a positive integer.

[0265] Before and after the R-time encoding, the signal transmission time length corresponding to the same information bit remains unchanged, that is, the signal transmission time length corresponding to each information bit is consistent with the total signal transmission time length of the corresponding encoded bits.

[0266] Embodiment 1 (reading device indicates frequency parameter):

[0267] The reading device indicates the frequency parameter, or the frequency parameter set, or the maximum value of the frequency parameter in the first R2D signaling.

[0268] The frequency parameter indicates the offset value of the D2R transmission frequency relative to the reference frequency:

[0269] The reference frequency can be pre-defined by the protocol, or pre-configured by the reading device, for example, indicated by the same first R2D signal as the frequency parameter, or indicated by another different R2D signal, for example, indicated by a fourth signal, which can also be referred to as a third R2D signal.

[0270] The reference frequency can be a CW frequency, for example, the reading device indicates the frequency parameter as X kHz in the first R2D signaling, and after the AIoT device receives the first R2D signaling, it determines that the D2R signal needs to be shifted by X kHz based on the CW signal frequency according to the frequency parameter therein.

[0271] The reference frequency can be a shift frequency required for uplink and downlink spectrum conversion. For example, the reading device pre-configures, or the protocol pre-defines, or the reading device indicates in the first R2D signal that the reference frequency is Y MHz. The reading device indicates in the first R2D signal that the frequency parameter is Z kHz. Then, after receiving the first R2D signaling, the AIoT device determines that the D2R signal needs to be shifted to a frequency position of Y MHz+Z kHz according to the frequency parameter in the first R2D signaling, thereby realizing cross-spectrum shifting of the signal.

[0272] The reference frequency can be the lowest / highest / center frequency of a specified frequency band. For example, the reading device indicates in the first R2D signal that the reference frequency is the lowest frequency of frequency band M, and the frequency parameter is N kHz. Then, after receiving the first R2D signaling, the AIoT device determines that the reference frequency is P MHz according to the frequency band M, and further determines that the D2R signal needs to be shifted to a frequency position of P MHz+N kHz.

[0273] The reference frequency can be applied to one or more AIoT device types for frequency shifting.

[0274] For example, the reading device indicates through the first R2D signaling that the reference frequency is AMHz, and the reference frequency is only applied to AIoT device type 2a, and indicates through the same first R2D signaling that the frequency parameter is B kHz. Then, after receiving the signaling, the AIoT device type 1 considers that the reference frequency is the default value, i.e., the CW frequency, and shifts the D2R signal to a frequency position of CW frequency+B kHz. After receiving the signaling, the AIoT device type 2a shifts the D2R signal to a frequency position of A MHz+B kHz.

[0275] The frequency parameter indicates the D2R transmission frequency: for example, the reading device indicates to transmit the first R2D signal, and indicates that the frequency parameter is C MHz. Then, after receiving the signaling, the AIoT device shifts the D2R signal to a frequency position of C MHz.

[0276] By adopting the method in this embodiment, the reading device can achieve:

[0277] Scheduling different types of AIoT devices to perform different frequency offsets, thereby avoiding CW interference and / or AIoT device-to-device interference under the premise of meeting the capability limitations of different AIoT devices;

[0278] Scheduling AIoT devices for frequency shifting with different granularity. Generally, cross-spectrum shifting requires a frequency change of MHz level, while intra-spectrum shifting requires a frequency change of kHz level. By adopting the reference frequency and the frequency offset value in this embodiment, both kinds of shifting granularity can be compatible, and the flexibility of scheduling can be improved.

[0279] Embodiment 2 (AIoT device determines frequency offset parameter):

[0280] 1. The AIoT device determines the backscattering signal frequency shift parameter by at least one of the following ways:

[0281] The AIoT device selects the parameter according to the protocol definition or reads the parameter selection rule indicated by the device through the second R2D signaling:

[0282] The parameter selection includes at least one of the following:

[0283] Select one or a group of frequency parameters in the frequency parameter set;

[0284] Select one or a group of repetition parameters in the repetition parameter set;

[0285] Select one or a group of repetition parameters in the coding sequence and / or square wave sequence parameter set;

[0286] Select one or a group of frequency parameters in 0~the maximum value of the frequency parameter;

[0287] Select one or a group of repetition times of the first repetition coding and / or the second repetition coding in 0~the maximum value of the repetition times of the first repetition coding and / or the second repetition coding;

[0288] Select one or a group of coding times in 0~the maximum value of the coding times.

[0289] Wherein, the second R2D signaling can be the same signaling as the first R2D signaling, or can be different signaling; in some examples, the present scheme is applied to random access, and the first R2D signaling and the second R2D signaling are both AIoT paging signaling;

[0290] The parameter selection rule can be random selection, or can be calculated according to the device identifier, which is not limited by the present scheme.

[0291] 2. Calculate the D2R signal frequency value or frequency offset value according to the frequency parameter indicated in the first R2D signal.

[0292] For example, the AIoT device selects the parameter in the parameter set as follows:

[0293] Suppose the device reads the frequency parameter set indicated in the first R2D signal, which contains frequency parameter 1~frequency parameter 64, corresponding to D2R signal transmission frequency 1~64 respectively. AIoT devices 1, 2, 3 randomly select frequency parameters 4, 15, 51 respectively, and shift the D2R signal transmission frequency to the frequency position corresponding to the frequency parameter.

[0294] The reading device indicates a repetition parameter set in the first R2D signal, including that the number of repetitions is 2, 4, 8, 16 under the first repetition coding mode. The AIoT devices 1, 2, and 3 determine the number of repetitions selected by themselves as 2, 4, and 8 respectively by taking the total number of elements in the set, 4, modulo the device identifier of the AIoT device, and perform the first repetition coding according to the number of repetitions.

[0295] For example, the AIoT device calculates the D2R signal frequency value or frequency offset value according to the frequency parameter indicated in the first R2D signal as follows:

[0296] Suppose the reading device indicates a frequency parameter of X kHz in the first R2D signal, and the meaning of the frequency parameter is the offset value of the D2R transmission frequency relative to the reference frequency, and the reference frequency is Y MHz, then the AIoT device calculates the frequency value of the D2R signal as X kHz + Y MHz.

[0297] By using the method in this embodiment, the reading device can schedule different D2R signal backscattering transmission frequencies for different AIoT devices by indicating a frequency shift parameter set in the first R2D signaling. When this method is applied to AIoT random access, the collision probability of AIoT Msg1 / 3 can be reduced, the AIoT device access delay can be reduced, and the access capacity can be increased.

[0298] Embodiment 3 (AIoT device generates square wave sequence and multiplies it with coding sequence):

[0299] The AIoT device generates a square wave sequence and multiplies it with the coding sequence to realize the backscattering frequency offset:

[0300] The frequency of the square wave sequence is N times the symbol transmission rate, and N is an integer greater than 1;

[0301] The frequency of the square wave sequence, the polarity of the square wave sequence, and the polarity of the coding sequence can be pre-defined by the protocol or indicated by the reading device through the first R2D signaling and / or the second R2D signaling.

[0302] For example, the specific method of the AIoT device generating a square wave sequence and multiplying it with the coding sequence is as follows:

[0303] Suppose the original information bit sequence (i.e., the information bits of the D2R signal) is 0, 1, 0.

[0304] Suppose the reading device sends an R2D signal indicating that the coding sequence is unipolar, the square wave sequence is unipolar, and the frequency of the square wave sequence is 2 times the symbol transmission rate.

[0305] Suppose the coding sequence corresponds to a Manchester coding mode, then the values of the code elements in the coding sequence are: 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0;

[0306] The sending data sequence obtained after multiplying the encoding sequence with the square wave sequence is 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0. As shown in FIG. 6.

[0307] By using the method in this embodiment, the AIoT device can shift the D2R signal to a different sending frequency according to the indication of the reading device, thereby avoiding collision with the CW signal or the D2R signal of other AIoT devices.

[0308] Embodiment 4 (AIoT device performs first repetition encoding):

[0309] The AIoT device implements reverse scattering frequency shift by performing first repetition encoding on the encoding sequence:

[0310] Exemplarily, the encoding sequence can be a Manchester encoding sequence.

[0311] The encoding sequence can be a bipolar sequence or a unipolar sequence.

[0312] The first repetition encoding: performing code word level repetition encoding on the encoding sequence or a level inversion sequence thereof; wherein the level inversion sequence is a sequence obtained by inverting the high and low levels of the encoding sequence, that is, for a bipolar sequence, inverting +1 and -1, and for a unipolar sequence, inverting 0 and 1; the repetition number of the first repetition encoding satisfies: P = Q / 2, and P = △F / R bit , wherein Q is the ratio of the symbol rate to the information bit rate after the first repetition encoding, △F is the frequency difference before and after the shift, and R bit is the information bit rate value.

[0313] For example, the specific method example of the AIoT device performing first repetition encoding is as follows:

[0314] Suppose the original information bit sequence is 0, 1, 0.

[0315] Suppose the reading device sends an R2D signal indicating that the first repetition encoding is used, and the repetition number of the first repetition encoding is 2.

[0316] Suppose the encoding sequence of the R2D signal corresponds to a Manchester encoding, and the values of the code elements in the encoding sequence are: 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, wherein each two code elements correspond to an original information bit.

[0317] Perform code word level repetition encoding on the encoding sequence of the R2D signal, that is, repeat the code elements 1, 0 corresponding to the first bit twice to obtain 1, 0, 1, 0; repeat the code elements 0, 1 corresponding to the second bit twice to obtain 0, 1, 0, 1; and repeat the code elements 1, 0 corresponding to the third bit twice to obtain 1, 0, 1, 0.

[0318] The repetition coding sequence corresponding to each information bit is concatenated in series to obtain an output sequence 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0. As shown in FIG. 7.

[0319] By using the method in this embodiment, the AIoT device can adjust the coding parameters according to the indication of the reading device to realize the shift of the different D2R signal transmission frequencies, thereby avoiding the conflict with the CW signal or the D2R signal of other AIoT devices. The reading device provides a scheduling mode for directly instructing the AIoT device to realize the frequency shift by coding through the repetition parameter. Compared with the indication of the frequency parameter, the AIoT device does not need to additionally generate a square wave sequence, nor does it need to perform the conversion between the frequency parameter and the square wave frequency and other parameters. The frequency shift can be completed through simple repetition coding, which reduces the device complexity and energy consumption of the AIoT device.

[0320] Embodiment 5 (AIoT device performs second repetition coding):

[0321] The AIoT device realizes the backscattering frequency shift by performing second repetition coding on the coding sequence of the D2R signal.

[0322] Exemplarily, the coding sequence of the D2R signal can be a Manchester coding sequence.

[0323] Second repetition coding: performing code word level repetition coding on the coding sequence or the level inversion sequence thereof; performing level inversion on the latter half of the coding sequence corresponding to each information bit; the repetition number of the second repetition coding is P, and P satisfies: P = Q / 2, and P = △F / R bit , wherein Q is the ratio of the symbol rate after the second repetition coding to the original information bit rate, △F is the frequency difference before and after the shift, and R bit is the original information bit rate value.

[0324] For example, an example of the specific method of the AIoT device performing the second repetition coding is as follows:

[0325] Suppose the original information bit sequence is 0, 1, 0. The reading device sends an R2D signal to instruct the use of the second repetition coding, and the repetition number of the second repetition coding is 2.

[0326] Suppose the coding sequence corresponds to a Manchester coding, and the values of the code elements in the coding sequence are: 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, wherein each two code elements correspond to an original information bit.

[0327] Performing level inversion on the coding sequence, the level inversion sequence of the coding sequence is 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1.

[0328] The level inversion sequence of the coding sequence is repeated at the code word level, that is, the code 0, 1 corresponding to the first bit is repeated twice to obtain 0, 1, 0, 1; the code 1, 0 corresponding to the second bit is repeated twice to obtain 1, 0, 1, 0; and the code 0, 1 corresponding to the third bit is repeated twice to obtain 0, 1, 0, 1.

[0329] The latter half of the repeated coding sequence corresponding to each information bit is level inverted, and the repeated coding sequences corresponding to the three bits are 0, 1, 1, 0; 1, 0, 0, 1; and 0, 1, 1, 0, respectively.

[0330] The sequences corresponding to each bit after the second repeated coding are concatenated in series to obtain an output sequence 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0. As shown in FIG. 8.

[0331] By using the method in this embodiment, the AIoT device can adjust the coding parameters according to the indication of the reading device to realize the shift of the different D2R signal transmission frequencies, thereby avoiding the conflict with the CW signal or the D2R signal of other AIoT devices. The reading device provides a scheduling mode for directly instructing the AIoT device to realize the frequency shift by coding through the repetition parameter. Compared with the indication of the frequency parameter, the AIoT device does not need to generate a square wave sequence additionally, nor does it need to perform the conversion between the frequency parameter and the square wave frequency and other parameters. The frequency shift can be completed through simple repeated coding, which reduces the device complexity and energy consumption of the AIoT device;

[0332] Embodiment 6 (AIoT device performs R times of coding):

[0333] The AIoT device realizes the backscatter frequency shift by performing R times of coding on the information bits of the D2R signal.

[0334] In the R times of coding, the coding mode can be, but is not limited to, a coding mode in which a level jump is contained in the code, or a coding mode in which the code rate is greater than the information bit rate after coding, such as Manchester coding.

[0335] The coding number R, the coding mode, and the code rate are indicated by the reading device through the first R2D signaling. R is a positive integer.

[0336] The signal transmission time length corresponding to the same information bit before and after the R times of coding is unchanged.

[0337] For example, the specific method of the AIoT device performing R times of coding is as follows:

[0338] Suppose the original information bit sequence is 0, 1, 0, and the R times of coding are all Manchester coding.

[0339] Suppose the reading device sends an R2D signal to indicate that the coding number R is 2.

[0340] The AIoT device first encodes the information bit sequence by Manchester coding to obtain a symbol sequence 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0;

[0341] The AIoT device secondly encodes the symbol sequence by Manchester coding to obtain a second symbol sequence 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, as shown in FIG. 9.

[0342] By using the method in the embodiment, the AIoT device can adjust the encoding parameters according to the indication of the reading device or the predefinition of the protocol to realize the shift of the different D2R signal transmission frequencies, thereby avoiding the collision with the CW signal or the D2R signal of other AIoT devices.

[0343] That is, in the scheme provided in the embodiment of the disclosure, the reading device can indicate the method of AIoT device for D2R signal backscattering frequency shift in the R2D signal, the AIoT device determines the backscattering signal frequency shift parameter, and the AIoT device realizes the method of backscattering frequency shift.

[0344] Based on the scheme of the embodiment of the disclosure, the reading device can realize the scheduling of one or more AIoT devices to shift to the same or different frequencies by indicating the frequency shift parameter or the frequency shift parameter set, thereby increasing the flexibility of the base station in scheduling different frequency shift values for different AIoT devices and types; avoiding CW interference by shifting the D2R signal to a frequency different from the CW signal; and providing a scheduling mode for the reading device to directly indicate the AIoT device to realize frequency shift by encoding through repeated parameters. Compared with indicating the frequency parameter, the AIoT device does not need to generate an additional square wave sequence, nor does it need to perform conversion between the frequency parameter and the square wave frequency and other parameters. The frequency shift can be completed through simple repeated encoding, thereby reducing the complexity and energy consumption of the device; and the collision between D2R signals of different AIoT devices can be avoided by shifting the D2R signals sent by different AIoT devices to different frequencies, especially for Msg1 and Msg3 in the AIoT random access process.

[0345] The method, the apparatus and the device are based on the same application concept. Since the principles of the method and the device for solving the problem are similar, the implementation of the apparatus and the method can be referred to each other, and the repeated parts will not be described herein.

[0346] Please refer to FIG. 10, which is a structure diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the disclosure. The communication device can be a reading device. As shown in FIG. 10, the communication device includes a memory 1020, a transceiver 1000 and a processor 1010.

[0347] a memory for storing a computer program; a transceiver for transceiving data under control of the processor; the processor for reading the computer program in the memory and performing the following operations:

[0348] sending a first signal to the first device, the first signal being used to instruct the first device to adjust a transmission frequency of the second signal; wherein the first signal carries at least one of the following:

[0349] first indication information for indicating a frequency parameter, a set of frequency parameters, or a maximum value of frequency parameters;

[0350] second indication information for indicating a repetition coding parameter or a set of repetition coding parameters;

[0351] third indication information for indicating a signal sequence parameter or a set of signal sequence parameters.

[0352] In some embodiments, the frequency parameter comprises at least one of the following:

[0353] a frequency offset value of a reference frequency;

[0354] a transmission frequency.

[0355] In some embodiments, the reference frequency comprises any one of the following:

[0356] a carrier wave (CW) frequency;

[0357] a frequency offset value required for uplink / downlink spectrum conversion;

[0358] a lowest frequency, a highest frequency, or a center frequency of a predetermined frequency band.

[0359] In some embodiments, the repetition coding parameter comprises at least one of the following:

[0360] an encoding indication for indicating whether to use repetition coding;

[0361] a repetition number of repetition coding;

[0362] a maximum value of the repetition number of repetition coding.

[0363] In some embodiments, the repetition coding comprises at least one of a first repetition coding and a second repetition coding;

[0364] wherein the first repetition coding is to perform repetition coding on a coding sequence of the second signal or a level inversion sequence corresponding to the coding sequence of the second signal;

[0365] the second repetition coding is a coding mode of performing level inversion on part of the first repetition coding sequence obtained by the first repetition coding.

[0366] In some embodiments, the second signal includes N information bits, N being a positive integer, the first repetition coded sequence includes M*N symbols, M being greater than 1 and being an integer multiple of 2, each information bit corresponds to M symbols, and the partial coding includes the (M / 2+1)th to Mth symbols of the M symbols corresponding to each information bit.

[0367] In some embodiments, the repetition coding is code word level repetition coding.

[0368] In some embodiments, the repetition number is a ratio between a frequency difference before and after frequency shift and an information bit rate of the second signal.

[0369] In some embodiments, the signal sequence parameter includes at least one of:

[0370] A sequence polarity indication, used to indicate a sequence polarity of the square wave sequence and / or the coded sequence of the second signal, the sequence polarity being unipolar or bipolar;

[0371] A square wave sequence frequency parameter, the square wave sequence frequency parameter being used to generate the square wave sequence, the square wave sequence being used to adjust a transmission frequency of the second signal;

[0372] A coding number of the second signal or a maximum value of the coding number of the second signal.

[0373] In some embodiments, the square wave sequence frequency parameter includes at least one of:

[0374] A square wave sequence frequency;

[0375] A first ratio, the first ratio being a ratio between the square wave sequence frequency and a symbol rate or an information bit rate;

[0376] A maximum value of the square wave sequence frequency or a maximum value of the first ratio.

[0377] In some embodiments, the first signal also carries a parameter selection rule, or

[0378] The method further includes: sending a third signal to the first device, the third signal being used to indicate the parameter selection rule, or the parameter selection rule being predefined by a protocol; wherein the parameter selection rule is used by the first device to select parameters in at least one of:

[0379] A frequency parameter set;

[0380] A repetition coding parameter set;

[0381] A signal sequence parameter set;

[0382] A frequency parameter range, a lower limit of the frequency parameter range being a preset frequency parameter value and an upper limit being a maximum value of the frequency parameter;

[0383] The repetition coding parameter range has a lower limit of the first preset coding number and an upper limit of the maximum value of the repetition number of the repetition coding.

[0384] The coding number range has a lower limit of the second preset coding number and an upper limit of the maximum value of the coding number of the second signal.

[0385] The square wave sequence frequency range has a lower limit of the preset square wave frequency value and an upper limit of the maximum value of the square wave sequence frequency.

[0386] The ratio range has a lower limit of the preset ratio and an upper limit of the maximum value of the first ratio, the first ratio being a ratio of the square wave sequence frequency to the symbol rate or the information bit rate.

[0387] In some embodiments, the first signal further carries fourth indication information, the fourth indication information being used to indicate a device type to which the reference frequency is applicable.

[0388] In FIG. 10, the bus architecture can include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, which link together various circuits, including one or more processors, represented by the processor 1010, and memory, represented by the memory 1020. The bus architecture can also link together various other circuits, such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and thus will not be described further herein. The bus interface provides an interface. The transceiver 1000 can be a plurality of elements, including a transmitter and a receiver, which provide a means for communicating with various other apparatuses over a transmission medium, including wireless channels, wired channels, optical cables, and the like. The user interface 1030 can also be an interface that can be externally or internally connected to the required device for different user devices, including but not limited to a keypad, a display, a speaker, a microphone, a joystick, and the like.

[0389] The processor 1010 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 1020 can store data used by the processor 1010 when performing operations.

[0390] Optionally, the processor 1010 can be a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), and the processor can also adopt a multi-core architecture.

[0391] The processor executes any method provided by the embodiments of the application by calling the computer program stored in the memory according to the obtained executable instructions. The processor and the memory can also be arranged physically separately.

[0392] It should be noted that the processor of the communication device provided by the embodiments of the application can implement the signal transmission method steps applied to the reading device implemented by the method embodiments, and achieve the same technical effects. Therefore, the same parts and beneficial effects of the method embodiments will not be described in detail.

[0393] Please refer to FIG. 11, which is a structure diagram of a communication device provided by the embodiments of the application. The communication device can be the first device. As shown in FIG. 11, the communication device includes a memory 1120, a transceiver 1100 and a processor 1111:

[0394] The memory is configured to store a computer program. The transceiver is configured to transceive data under the control of the processor. The processor is configured to read the computer program in the memory and perform the following operations:

[0395] Adjust the transmission frequency of the second signal based on the first signal sent by the reading device or the protocol predefined;

[0396] The first signal carries at least one of the following or the following is predefined by the protocol:

[0397] The first indication information is used to indicate the frequency parameter, the frequency parameter set or the maximum value of the frequency parameter;

[0398] The second indication information is used to indicate the repetition coding parameter or the repetition coding parameter set;

[0399] The third indication information is used to indicate the signal sequence parameter or the signal sequence parameter set.

[0400] In some embodiments, the frequency parameter includes at least one of the following:

[0401] The frequency offset value relative to the reference frequency;

[0402] The transmission frequency.

[0403] In some embodiments, the reference frequency includes any of the following:

[0404] The carrier frequency CW;

[0405] The frequency offset value required for uplink and downlink spectrum conversion;

[0406] The lowest frequency, the highest frequency or the center frequency of the predetermined frequency band.

[0407] In some embodiments, the repetition coding parameter comprises at least one of:

[0408] an encoding indication, indicating whether to use repetition coding or not;

[0409] a repetition number of the repetition coding;

[0410] a maximum value of the repetition number of the repetition coding.

[0411] In some embodiments, the repetition coding comprises at least one of a first repetition coding and a second repetition coding;

[0412] wherein the first repetition coding is to repeat coding on the coding sequence of the second signal or a level inversion sequence corresponding to the coding sequence of the second signal;

[0413] the second repetition coding is to perform level inversion coding on part of the first repetition coding sequence obtained by the first repetition coding.

[0414] In some embodiments, the repetition coding is code word level repetition coding.

[0415] In some embodiments, the repetition number is a ratio between a frequency difference before and after frequency shift and an information bit rate of the second signal.

[0416] In some embodiments, the signal sequence parameter comprises at least one of:

[0417] a sequence polarity indication, indicating a sequence polarity of the square wave sequence and / or the coding sequence of the second signal, the sequence polarity being unipolar or bipolar;

[0418] a square wave sequence frequency parameter, the square wave sequence frequency parameter being used to generate the square wave sequence, the square wave sequence being used to adjust a transmission frequency of the second signal;

[0419] a coding number of the second signal or a maximum value of the coding number of the second signal.

[0420] In some embodiments, the square wave sequence frequency parameter comprises at least one of:

[0421] a square wave sequence frequency;

[0422] a first ratio, the first ratio being a ratio between the square wave sequence frequency and a symbol rate or an information bit rate;

[0423] a maximum value of the square wave sequence frequency or a maximum value of the first ratio.

[0424] In some embodiments, the processor is configured to read a computer program in the memory and specifically perform the following operations:

[0425] The parameter selection is performed in at least one of the following, and the transmission frequency of the second signal is adjusted according to the selected parameter:

[0426] a frequency parameter set;

[0427] a repetition coding parameter set;

[0428] a signal sequence parameter set;

[0429] a frequency parameter range, the lower limit of the frequency parameter range being a preset frequency parameter value, and the upper limit being a maximum value of the frequency parameter;

[0430] a repetition coding parameter range, the lower limit of the repetition coding parameter range being a first preset coding number, and the upper limit being a maximum value of the repetition number of the repetition coding;

[0431] a coding number range, the lower limit of the coding number range being a second preset coding number, and the upper limit being a maximum value of the coding number of the second signal;

[0432] a square wave sequence frequency range, the lower limit of the square wave sequence frequency range being a preset square wave frequency value, and the upper limit being a maximum value of the square wave sequence frequency;

[0433] a ratio range, the lower limit of the ratio range being a preset ratio, and the upper limit being a maximum value of a first ratio, the first ratio being a ratio of the square wave sequence frequency to the symbol rate or the information bit rate.

[0434] In some embodiments, the first signal also carries a parameter selection rule, or the processor further performs: receiving a third signal sent by the reading device, the third signal being used to indicate the parameter selection rule, or the parameter selection rule being predefined by the protocol;

[0435] The parameter selection is performed in at least one of the following, including:

[0436] The parameter selection is performed based on the parameter selection rule.

[0437] In some embodiments, the processor is configured to read a computer program in the memory and perform at least one of the following:

[0438] frequency shift the second signal based on the first indication information;

[0439] repetition coding the coding sequence of the second signal based on the second indication information;

[0440] generating a square wave sequence based on the sequence polarity indication and / or the square wave sequence frequency parameter indicated by the third indication information, and multiplying the square wave sequence with the coding sequence of the second signal;

[0441] The second signal is encoded R times based on the number of encodings of the second signal indicated by the third indication information or the maximum value of the number of encodings of the second signal, R being a positive integer.

[0442] In some embodiments, the repeated encoding includes at least one of a first repeated encoding and a second repeated encoding.

[0443] The second signal is encoded R times based on the number of encodings of the second signal indicated by the third indication information or the maximum value of the number of encodings of the second signal, R being a positive integer.

[0444] The second signal is encoded R times based on the number of encodings of the second signal indicated by the third indication information or the maximum value of the number of encodings of the second signal, R being a positive integer.

[0445] The second signal is encoded R times based on the number of encodings of the second signal indicated by the third indication information or the maximum value of the number of encodings of the second signal, R being a positive integer.

[0446] In some embodiments, the second signal includes N information bits, N being a positive integer, and the first repeated encoding sequence includes M*N symbols, M being greater than 1 and being an integer multiple of 2, each information bit corresponding to M symbols, and the partial encoding includes the M / 2+1th to Mth symbols of the M symbols corresponding to each information bit.

[0447] In some embodiments, the second signal includes N information bits, N being a positive integer, and after the encoding R times, each information bit of the N information bits corresponds to K encoding bits, K being an integer greater than 1, wherein the transmission time length of each information bit is the same as the total transmission time length of the K encoding bits corresponding to the information bit.

[0448] In FIG. 11, the bus architecture can include any number of interconnecting buses and bridges, and various circuitry linking the various circuits together, such as the processor 1111, which is representative of one or more processors, and the memory 1120, which is representative of the memory of the processor(s). The bus architecture can also link various other circuits such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well-known in the art, therefore, further description of these circuits will not be given. The bus interface provides an interface to the transceiver 1100, which can be a number of elements, including a transmitter and a receiver, that together enable the bus architecture to communicate with various other apparatus over a transmission medium, which includes a wireless channel, a wired channel, optical fiber cable, and the like. The user interface 1130 can also be an interface to external devices, including, but not limited to, a keypad, a display, a speaker, a microphone, a joystick, and the like, which can be connected to the apparatus.

[0449] The processor 1111 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 1120 can store data used by the processor 1111 when performing operations.

[0450] Optionally, the processor 1111 can be a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), and the processor can also adopt a multi-core architecture.

[0451] The processor calls the computer program stored in the memory to execute any method provided by the embodiments of the application according to the executable instructions obtained. The processor and the memory can also be arranged physically separately.

[0452] It should be noted that the processor of the communication device provided by the embodiments of the application can implement the steps of the signal transmission method applied to the AIoT device as described above, and achieve the same technical effects. Therefore, the same parts and beneficial effects of the method embodiments will not be described in detail.

[0453] Please refer to FIG. 12, which is a structural diagram of a signal transmission device (which can be applied to a reading device) provided by an embodiment of the application, as shown in FIG. 12, the device 1200 includes:

[0454] The first sending module 1201 is configured to send a first signal to a first device, the first signal being used to instruct the first device to adjust a sending frequency of a second signal; wherein the first signal carries at least one of the following:

[0455] The first indication information is used to indicate a frequency parameter, a set of frequency parameters or a maximum value of the frequency parameter;

[0456] The second indication information is used to indicate a repetition coding parameter or a set of repetition coding parameters;

[0457] The third indication information is used to indicate a signal sequence parameter or a set of signal sequence parameters.

[0458] In some embodiments, the frequency parameter includes at least one of the following:

[0459] A frequency offset value of a reference frequency;

[0460] A sending frequency.

[0461] In some embodiments, the reference frequency comprises any one of:

[0462] a carrier wave (CW) frequency;

[0463] a frequency offset value required for uplink / downlink spectrum conversion;

[0464] a lowest frequency, a highest frequency, or a center frequency of a predetermined frequency band.

[0465] In some embodiments, the repetition encoding parameter comprises at least one of:

[0466] an encoding indication indicating whether repetition encoding is used;

[0467] a repetition number of the repetition encoding;

[0468] a maximum value of the repetition number of the repetition encoding.

[0469] In some embodiments, the repetition encoding comprises at least one of a first repetition encoding and a second repetition encoding;

[0470] wherein the first repetition encoding is to repeat encode a coding sequence of the second signal or a level inversion sequence corresponding to the coding sequence of the second signal;

[0471] the second repetition encoding is a coding mode of level inversion on part of the first repetition coding sequence obtained by the first repetition encoding.

[0472] In some embodiments, the second signal comprises N information bits, N being a positive integer, the first repetition coding sequence comprises M*N symbols, M being greater than 1 and being an integer multiple of 2, M symbols corresponding to each information bit, and the part of the coding comprises the M / 2+1th to Mth symbols of the M symbols corresponding to each information bit.

[0473] In some embodiments, the repetition encoding is code word level repetition encoding.

[0474] In some embodiments, the repetition number is a ratio between a frequency difference before and after frequency shift and an information bit rate of the second signal.

[0475] In some embodiments, the signal sequence parameter comprises at least one of:

[0476] a sequence polarity indication indicating a sequence polarity of a square wave sequence and / or a coding sequence of the second signal, the sequence polarity being unipolar or bipolar;

[0477] a square wave sequence frequency parameter, the square wave sequence frequency parameter being used to generate a square wave sequence, the square wave sequence being used to adjust a transmission frequency of the second signal;

[0478] a coding number of the second signal or a maximum value of the coding number of the second signal.

[0479] In some embodiments, the square wave sequence frequency parameter comprises at least one of:

[0480] a square wave sequence frequency;

[0481] a first ratio, the first ratio being a ratio of the square wave sequence frequency to a symbol rate or an information bit rate;

[0482] a maximum value of the square wave sequence frequency, or a maximum value of the first ratio.

[0483] In some embodiments, the first signal further carries a parameter selection rule, or

[0484] The method further comprises: sending, to the first device, a third signal, the third signal being used to indicate the parameter selection rule, or the parameter selection rule being predefined by a protocol; wherein the parameter selection rule is used by the first device to select parameters in at least one of:

[0485] a frequency parameter set;

[0486] a repetition encoding parameter set;

[0487] a signal sequence parameter set;

[0488] a frequency parameter range, a lower limit of the frequency parameter range being a preset frequency parameter value, and an upper limit of the frequency parameter range being a maximum value of the frequency parameter;

[0489] a repetition encoding parameter range, a lower limit of the repetition encoding parameter range being a first preset encoding number, and an upper limit of the repetition encoding parameter range being a maximum value of a repetition number of the repetition encoding;

[0490] an encoding number range, a lower limit of the encoding number range being a second preset encoding number, and an upper limit of the encoding number range being a maximum value of an encoding number of the second signal;

[0491] a square wave sequence frequency range, a lower limit of the square wave sequence frequency range being a preset square wave frequency value, and an upper limit of the square wave sequence frequency range being a maximum value of the square wave sequence frequency;

[0492] a ratio range, a lower limit of the ratio range being a preset ratio, and an upper limit of the ratio range being a maximum value of the first ratio, the first ratio being a ratio of the square wave sequence frequency to a symbol rate or an information bit rate.

[0493] In some embodiments, the first signal further carries fourth indication information, the fourth indication information being used to indicate a device type of which a reference frequency is applicable.

[0494] It should be noted that the above communication device provided by the embodiments of the present application can realize the method steps applied to the reading device realized by the above method embodiments, and achieve the same technical effects. Therefore, the same parts and beneficial effects of the method embodiments will not be described in detail.

[0495] Please refer to FIG. 13, which is a structural diagram of another signal transmission device (which can be applied to the first device) provided by an embodiment of the application, as shown in FIG. 13, the device 1300, comprising:

[0496] an adjusting module 1301, configured to adjust a sending frequency of the second signal based on the first signal sent by the reading device or a protocol predefined by the first signal;

[0497] wherein the first signal carries at least one of the following or the following is predefined by a protocol:

[0498] first indication information, used for indicating a frequency parameter, a frequency parameter set or a maximum value of the frequency parameter;

[0499] second indication information, used for indicating a repetition coding parameter or a repetition coding parameter set;

[0500] third indication information, used for indicating a signal sequence parameter or a signal sequence parameter set.

[0501] In some embodiments, the frequency parameter comprises at least one of the following:

[0502] a frequency offset value relative to a reference frequency;

[0503] a sending frequency.

[0504] In some embodiments, the reference frequency comprises any of the following:

[0505] a carrier wave (CW) frequency;

[0506] a frequency offset value required for uplink and downlink spectrum conversion;

[0507] a lowest frequency, a highest frequency or a center frequency of a predetermined frequency band.

[0508] In some embodiments, the repetition coding parameter comprises at least one of the following:

[0509] an encoding indication, used for indicating whether to use repetition coding;

[0510] a repetition number of the repetition coding;

[0511] a maximum value of the repetition number of the repetition coding.

[0512] In some embodiments, the repetition coding comprises at least one of a first repetition coding and a second repetition coding;

[0513] wherein the first repetition coding is to perform repetition coding on a coding sequence of the second signal or a level inversion sequence corresponding to the coding sequence of the second signal;

[0514] The second repetition coding is a coding mode of level inversion on part of the first repetition coding sequence obtained by the first repetition coding.

[0515] In some embodiments, the repetition coding is a code word level repetition coding.

[0516] In some embodiments, the repetition number is a ratio between a frequency difference before and after frequency shift and an information bit rate of the second signal.

[0517] In some embodiments, the signal sequence parameter comprises at least one of:

[0518] The sequence polarity indication is used to indicate a sequence polarity of the square wave sequence and / or the coded sequence of the second signal, the sequence polarity being unipolar or bipolar.

[0519] The square wave sequence frequency parameter is used to generate the square wave sequence, and the square wave sequence is used to adjust the transmission frequency of the second signal.

[0520] The coding number of the second signal or a maximum value of the coding number of the second signal.

[0521] In some embodiments, the square wave sequence frequency parameter comprises at least one of:

[0522] The square wave sequence frequency;

[0523] The first ratio is a ratio between the square wave sequence frequency and a symbol rate or an information bit rate;

[0524] A maximum value of the square wave sequence frequency or a maximum value of the first ratio.

[0525] In some embodiments, the adjusting module 1301 is specifically configured to:

[0526] The parameter is selected in at least one of the following, and the transmission frequency of the second signal is adjusted according to the selected parameter:

[0527] The frequency parameter set;

[0528] The repetition coding parameter set;

[0529] The signal sequence parameter set;

[0530] The frequency parameter range, the lower limit of the frequency parameter range being a preset frequency parameter value, and the upper limit being a maximum value of the frequency parameter;

[0531] The repetition coding parameter range, the lower limit of the repetition coding parameter range being a first preset coding number, and the upper limit being a maximum value of the repetition number of the repetition coding;

[0532] The coding number range has a lower limit of the second preset coding number and an upper limit of the maximum value of the coding number of the second signal.

[0533] The square wave sequence frequency range has a lower limit of the preset square wave frequency value and an upper limit of the maximum value of the square wave sequence frequency.

[0534] The ratio range has a lower limit of the preset ratio and an upper limit of the maximum value of the first ratio, and the first ratio is the ratio of the square wave sequence frequency to the symbol rate or the information bit rate.

[0535] In some embodiments, the first signal also carries a parameter selection rule, or the device further includes a signal receiving module for receiving a third signal sent by the reading device, the third signal being used to indicate the parameter selection rule, or the parameter selection rule being predefined by the protocol.

[0536] The parameter selection is performed in at least one of the following:

[0537] The parameter selection is performed based on the parameter selection rule.

[0538] In some embodiments, the processor is configured to read the computer program in the memory and perform at least one of the following:

[0539] Based on the first indication information, frequency shift is performed on the second signal.

[0540] Based on the second indication information, repeated coding is performed on the coding sequence of the second signal.

[0541] Based on the sequence polarity indication and / or the square wave sequence frequency parameter indicated by the third indication information, a square wave sequence is generated, and the square wave sequence is multiplied with the coding sequence of the second signal.

[0542] Based on the coding number of the second signal or the maximum value of the coding number of the second signal indicated by the third indication information, the second signal is coded R times, R being a positive integer.

[0543] In some embodiments, the repeated coding includes at least one of first repeated coding and second repeated coding.

[0544] The repeated coding of the coding sequence of the second signal based on the second indication information includes at least one of the following:

[0545] The coding sequence of the second signal is first repeated coded: the coding sequence of the second signal or the level inversion sequence of the coding sequence of the second signal is repeatedly coded.

[0546] The coding sequence of the second signal is second repeated coded: the part of the coding in the first repeated coding sequence obtained by the first repeated coding is level inverted.

[0547] In some embodiments, the second signal includes N information bits, N is a positive integer, the first repetition coded sequence includes M*N symbols, M is greater than 1 and is an integer multiple of 2, each information bit corresponds to M symbols, and the partial coding includes the (M / 2+1)th to Mth symbols of the M symbols corresponding to each information bit.

[0548] In some embodiments, the second signal includes N information bits, N is a positive integer, after R times of coding, each information bit of the N information bits corresponds to K coded bits, K is an integer greater than 1, and the transmission time length of each information bit is the same as the total transmission time length of the K coded bits corresponding to the information bit.

[0549] It should be noted that the above communication device provided by the embodiments of the present application can realize the method steps applied to the AIoT device realized by the above method embodiments, and can achieve the same technical effects. Therefore, the same parts and beneficial effects of the method embodiments will not be described in detail.

[0550] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a computer program product, including computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the above signal transmission method. And can achieve the same technical effects, in this embodiment, the same parts and beneficial effects of the method embodiments will not be described in detail.

[0551] It should be noted that the division of units in the embodiments of the present application is illustrative, and is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, there can be another division mode. In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present disclosure can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically independently, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.

[0552] The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software function unit and sold or used as an independent product, can be stored in a processor-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, the technical solutions of the present disclosure, essentially or in other words, the part that contributes to the related art or the whole or part of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or a processor to perform all or part of the steps of the methods in the various embodiments of the present disclosure. The aforementioned storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various other media that can store program codes.

[0553] The processor-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is used to make the processor execute the signal transmission method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, or the computer program is used to make the processor execute the signal transmission method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0554] The processor-readable storage medium can be any available medium or data storage device that the processor can access, including but not limited to a magnetic storage (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape, a magneto optical disk (MO), etc.), an optical storage (for example, a compact disc (CD), a digital video disc (DVD), a Blu-ray disc (BD), a high-definition versatile disc (HVD), etc.), and a semiconductor memory (for example, a ROM, an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a non-volatile memory (NAND FLASH), a solid state disk (SSD)), etc.

[0555] The present disclosure provides a computer program product, including computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the above signal transmission method.

[0556] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this disclosure can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this disclosure can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this disclosure can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage and optical storage) containing computer-usable program code.

[0557] This disclosure is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer-executable instructions. These computer-executable instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in one or more blocks of the flowchart illustrations and / or one or more blocks of the block diagrams.

[0558] These processor-executable instructions may also be stored in a processor-readable memory that can instruct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the processor-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means that implement the functions specified in one or more flowcharts and / or one or more block diagrams.

[0559] These processor-executable instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process, such that the instructions, which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus, provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more flowcharts and / or one or more block diagrams.

[0560] Further, it is to be noted that in the apparatus and method of the present disclosure, it is apparent that each component or each step can be decomposed and / or recombined. These decompositions and / or recombinations should be considered as equivalent solutions of the present disclosure. Moreover, the steps of performing the above series of processes can naturally be executed in time sequence according to the order of description, but do not necessarily have to be executed in time sequence, and some steps can be executed in parallel or independently of each other. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that all or any steps or components of the method and apparatus of the present disclosure can be implemented in hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof, in any computing device (including processors, storage media, etc.) or network of computing devices, using the basic programming skills of those skilled in the art upon reading the description of the present disclosure.

[0561] It should be noted that it should be understood that the division of each module above is only a logical division of functions, and in actual implementation, all or part of them can be integrated into one physical entity, or can be physically separated. Moreover, these modules can all be implemented in the form of software called by a processing element; all can be implemented in the form of hardware; or some modules can be implemented in the form of software called by a processing element, and some modules can be implemented in the form of hardware. For example, a certain module can be a separately established processing element, or can be integrated into a certain chip of the above apparatus, in addition, it can also be stored in the form of program code in the memory of the above apparatus, and called and executed by a certain processing element of the above apparatus to determine the function of the above module. The implementation of other modules is similar. Moreover, all or part of these modules can be integrated together, or can be independently implemented. The processing element described herein can be an integrated circuit having a signal processing capability. In the implementation process, each step of the above method or each of the above modules can be completed by the integrated logic circuit of hardware or the instruction of software in the processing element.

[0562] For example, each module, unit, sub-unit or sub-module can be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above method, such as one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), or one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), etc. For another example, when a certain module above is implemented in the form of a processing element scheduling code, the processing element can be a general purpose processor, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or other processor capable of invoking code. For another example, these modules can be integrated together to implement in the form of a System-On-a-Chip (SOC).

[0563] The terms "first", "second", and the like in the description and in the claims of this disclosure are used for distinguishing between similar objects and do not necessarily have a particular chronological, spatial or logical ordering. It is to be understood that the use of these terms herein is merely for distinguishing between the objects and is not intended to convey a chronological, spatial or logical ordering. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "having", "including", and the like, are intended to be open-ended terms that are to be interpreted in the context of the entire specification, and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure to only include the steps or elements that are explicitly listed. The terms "comprise", "comprising", "comprises", "including", "include", "includes" and / or "contain" or variations thereof are used synonymously with each other in the present disclosure and are intended to be affords open-ended language that, depending on the context, can mean that with respect to a given entity, a process, a method, a product, or a device, the entity, process, method, product, or device includes the steps or elements specified in connection with the body of the disclosure, or possible steps or elements not specified in connection with the body of the disclosure.

[0564] It is apparent that a person having ordinary skill in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Thus, it is intended that the present disclosure cover modifications and variations of this disclosure provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A signal transmission method applied to a reading device, the method comprising: sending a first signal to a first device, the first signal being used to instruct the first device to adjust a transmission frequency of a second signal; wherein the first signal carries at least one of the following: first indication information used to indicate a frequency parameter, a set of frequency parameters, or a maximum value of frequency parameters; second indication information used to indicate a repetition coding parameter or a set of repetition coding parameters; third indication information used to indicate a signal sequence parameter or a set of signal sequence parameters.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The frequency parameter comprises at least one of the following: a frequency offset value relative to a reference frequency; a transmission frequency.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The reference frequency comprises any one of the following: a carrier wave (CW) frequency; a frequency offset value required for uplink / downlink spectrum conversion; a lowest frequency, a highest frequency, or a center frequency of a predetermined frequency band.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The repetition coding parameter comprises at least one of the following: an encoding indication used to indicate whether to use repetition coding; a repetition number of the repetition coding; a maximum value of the repetition number of the repetition coding.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The repetition coding comprises at least one of a first repetition coding and a second repetition coding; wherein the first repetition coding is to repeat coding on a coding sequence of the second signal or a level inversion sequence corresponding to the coding sequence of the second signal; the second repetition coding is a coding mode of level inversion on part of the coding in a first repetition coding sequence obtained by the first repetition coding.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, The second signal comprises N information bits, N being a positive integer, the first repetition coding sequence comprises M*N symbols, M being greater than 1 and being an integer multiple of 2, each information bit corresponding to M symbols, and the part of the coding comprises the M / 2+1th to Mth symbols of the M symbols corresponding to each information bit.

7. The method of claim 4, wherein, The repetition coding is code word level repetition coding.

8. The method of claim 4, wherein, The repetition number is a ratio between a frequency difference before and after frequency shift and an information bit rate of the second signal.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein, The signal sequence parameter comprises at least one of the following: a sequence polarity indication used to indicate a square wave sequence and / or a sequence polarity of a coding sequence of the second signal, the sequence polarity being unipolar or bipolar; a square wave sequence frequency parameter used to generate a square wave sequence, the square wave sequence being used to adjust the transmission frequency of the second signal; a coding number of the second signal or a maximum value of the coding number of the second signal.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, The square wave sequence frequency parameter comprises at least one of the following: a square wave sequence frequency; a first ratio between the square wave sequence frequency and a symbol rate or an information bit rate; a maximum value of the square wave sequence frequency, or a maximum value of the first ratio.

11. The method of any one of claims 2-10, wherein, The first signal further carries a parameter selection rule, or The method further comprises: sending a third signal to the first device, the third signal being used to indicate a parameter selection rule, or the parameter selection rule being predefined by a protocol; wherein the parameter selection rule is used by the first device to select parameters in at least one of the following: the set of frequency parameters; the set of repetition coding parameters; the set of signal sequence parameters; a frequency parameter range, a lower limit of the frequency parameter range being a preset frequency parameter value, and an upper limit of the frequency parameter range being the frequency parameter maximum value; a repeated encoding parameter range, a lower limit of the repeated encoding parameter range being a first preset encoding number, and an upper limit of the repeated encoding parameter range being the maximum value of the repeated number of repeated encodings; an encoding number range, a lower limit of the encoding number range being a second preset encoding number, and an upper limit of the encoding number range being the maximum value of the encoding number of the second signal; a square wave sequence frequency range, a lower limit of the square wave sequence frequency range being a preset square wave frequency value, and an upper limit of the square wave sequence frequency range being the maximum value of the square wave sequence frequency; a ratio range, a lower limit of the ratio range being a preset ratio, and an upper limit of the ratio range being the maximum value of the first ratio, the first ratio being a ratio of the square wave sequence frequency to the symbol rate or the information bit rate.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein, The first signal further carries fourth indication information, and the fourth indication information is used to indicate a device type of an applicable reference frequency.

13. A signal transmission method applied to an environmental Internet of Things device, the method comprising: adjusting a transmission frequency of a second signal based on a first signal sent by a reading device or a protocol definition; wherein the first signal carries at least one of the following or the following is defined by a protocol: first indication information used to indicate a frequency parameter, a frequency parameter set, or a frequency parameter maximum value; second indication information used to indicate a repeated encoding parameter or a repeated encoding parameter set; third indication information used to indicate a signal sequence parameter or a signal sequence parameter set.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein, The frequency parameter comprises at least one of: a frequency offset value relative to a reference frequency; a transmission frequency.

15. The method of claim 13, wherein, The repeated encoding parameter comprises at least one of: an encoding indication used to indicate whether to use repeated encoding; a repeated number of repeated encodings; a maximum value of the repeated number of repeated encodings.

16. The method of claim 13, wherein, The signal sequence parameter comprises at least one of: a sequence polarity indication used to indicate a sequence polarity of a square wave sequence and / or an encoding sequence of the second signal, the sequence polarity being unipolarity or bipolarity; a square wave sequence frequency parameter used to generate the square wave sequence, the square wave sequence being used to adjust the transmission frequency of the second signal; an encoding number of the second signal or a maximum value of the encoding number of the second signal.

17. The method of claim 13, wherein, The adjusting of the transmission frequency of the second signal based on the first signal comprises at least one of: frequency shifting of the second signal based on the first indication information; repeated encoding of an encoding sequence of the second signal based on the second indication information; generating a square wave sequence based on the sequence polarity indication and / or the square wave sequence frequency parameter indicated by the third indication information, and multiplying the square wave sequence with the encoding sequence of the second signal; encoding the second signal R times based on the encoding number of the second signal or the maximum value of the encoding number of the second signal indicated by the third indication information, R being a positive integer.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein, The repeated encoding comprises at least one of first repeated encoding and second repeated encoding. The repeated encoding of the encoding sequence of the second signal based on the second indication information comprises at least one of: the first repetition encoding on the encoded sequence of the second signal: repetition encoding on the encoded sequence of the second signal or a level-inverted sequence of the encoded sequence of the second signal; the second repetition encoding on the encoded sequence of the second signal: level-inverting part of the encoding in the first repetition encoding sequence obtained through the first repetition encoding.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein, The second signal includes N information bits, N is a positive integer, the first repetition encoding sequence includes M*N symbols, M is greater than 1 and is an integer multiple of 2, each information bit corresponds to M symbols, and the part of the encoding includes the M / 2+1th to Mth symbols of the M symbols corresponding to each information bit.

20. The method of claim 17, wherein, The second signal includes N information bits, N is a positive integer, after R times of encoding, each information bit of the N information bits corresponds to K encoded bits, K is an integer greater than 1, and the transmission time length of each information bit is the same as the total transmission time length of the K encoded bits corresponding to the information bit.

21. A communication device comprising: A memory, a transceiver and a processor, wherein: The memory is used to store a computer program; the transceiver is used to transceive data under the control of the processor; and the processor is used to read the computer program in the memory and perform the following operations: sending a first signal to a first device, the first signal being used to instruct the first device to adjust the transmission frequency of a second signal; wherein the first signal carries at least one of the following: first indication information used to indicate a frequency parameter, a set of frequency parameters or a maximum value of frequency parameters; second indication information used to indicate a repetition encoding parameter or a set of repetition encoding parameters; third indication information used to indicate a signal sequence parameter or a set of signal sequence parameters.

22. A communication device comprising: A memory, a transceiver and a processor, wherein: The memory is used to store a computer program; the transceiver is used to transceive data under the control of the processor; and the processor is used to read the computer program in the memory and perform the following operations: adjusting the transmission frequency of a second signal based on a first signal sent by a reading device or a protocol predefinition; wherein the first signal carries at least one of the following or the following at least one is pre-defined by a protocol: first indication information used to indicate a frequency parameter, a set of frequency parameters or a maximum value of frequency parameters; second indication information used to indicate a repetition encoding parameter or a set of repetition encoding parameters; third indication information used to indicate a signal sequence parameter or a set of signal sequence parameters.

23. A signal transmission device applied to a reading device, the device comprising: a first sending module configured to send a first signal to a first device, the first signal being used to instruct the first device to adjust the transmission frequency of a second signal; wherein the first signal carries at least one of the following: first indication information used to indicate a frequency parameter, a set of frequency parameters or a maximum value of frequency parameters; second indication information used to indicate a repetition encoding parameter or a set of repetition encoding parameters; third indication information used to indicate a signal sequence parameter or a set of signal sequence parameters.

24. A signal transmission device applied to a first device, the device comprising: an adjusting module, configured to adjust a sending frequency of the second signal based on a first signal sent by the reading device or a protocol predefined; wherein the first signal carries at least one of the following or the following is predefined by a protocol: first indication information, used for indicating a frequency parameter, a frequency parameter set or a maximum value of the frequency parameter; second indication information, used for indicating a repetition coding parameter or a repetition coding parameter set; third indication information, used for indicating a signal sequence parameter or a signal sequence parameter set. 25.A processor-readable storage medium, storing a computer program, the computer program being configured to cause a processor to perform the method in any one of claims 1 to 12, or the computer program being configured to cause the processor to perform the method in any one of claims 13 to 20.

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