Rolling scaffold with pivoting and height-adjustable ladders

Abstract

The invention relates to a rolling scaffold (1), the components of which are movable between a compact position and at least one deployed position, the compact position being a position for transporting or storing the scaffold, the deployed position being a position of use, the scaffold comprising a work platform (20) supported on two ladders (2, 3), the two ladders comprising a lower first element (10, 11) and a second element (13, 14), the first element and the second element comprising two longitudinal members connected by at least one crossmember, the second element being mounted so as to rotate relative to the lower first element between a folded position and a deployed position, the longitudinal members of the second element being aligned with the longitudinal members of the lower first element in the deployed position.

Description

[0001] Rolling scaffold with pivoting and height-adjustable ladders

[0002] The invention relates to the technical field of rolling scaffolds.

[0003] Rolling scaffolding refers here to prefabricated, self-supporting structures that allow work at height. Self-supporting means that the structure's stability is ensured without the need for additional components.

[0004] Rolling scaffolds are used for structural or finishing work, for occasional and repetitive work at height, particularly in the fields of plastering, painting, electricity, plumbing, heating or carpentry.

[0005] Rolling scaffolds are used in particular for small-scale and relatively short-duration work on facades or vertical walls, or for work on ceilings that does not require permanent access to the entire work area.

[0006] Two types of rolling scaffolds are commercially available.

[0007] A first type of mobile scaffolding allows for work at low heights. This type of scaffolding complies with standard NFP93-520, with a maximum platform height of 2.5 m and a uniformly distributed live load of 200 kg / m². 2 .

[0008] A second type of mobile scaffolding allows work at greater heights. This second type of scaffolding complies with standard NF EN 1004-1, with a maximum platform height of 8 m outdoors and 12 m indoors, and a uniformly distributed live load of 150 kg / m². 2for class 2 scaffolding, and 200 kg / m 2 for class 3 scaffolding. The NF EN 1 004-2 standard defines the rules and guidelines for the preparation of an instruction manual for mobile scaffolding conforming to the NF EN 1 004-1 standard.

[0009] The invention advantageously relates to rolling scaffolds of the second type, but can also be implemented for rolling scaffolds of the first type.

[0010] Some provisions provided for by the standards for mobile scaffolding are presented below.

[0011] Mobile scaffolds are equipped with four swivel or caster wheels and include at least one working platform from which the user will perform work at height. Mobile scaffolds may include intermediate platforms located below the working platform. The minimum width and maximum length of a platform must be 0.6 m and 1 m respectively, according to standard EN 1004-1. Platforms must have at least one access opening, called a hatch, with a minimum width of 0.4 m and a minimum length of 0.6 m.

[0012] Mobile scaffolding must be equipped with a guardrail, forming a barrier to protect against the risk of falls of people or materials. The guardrail consists of a handrail, an intermediate rail, and a toe board. The handrail must be fixed so that its top surface is at least 1 m vertically above the top surface of the platform it protects. The intermediate rail is fixed between the handrail and the toe board.

[0013] The methods for assembling and disassembling a rolling scaffold must ensure that a person is not required to stand on a floor lacking handrails and intermediate rails.

[0014] Work on a floor is only permitted with the presence of a complete workstation, including a full guardrail, incorporating handrails, intermediate rails and baseboards.

[0015] Rolling scaffolds can be fitted with stabilizing feet, allowing to increase the footprint, and on which a wheel can be fixed, the wheel being fitted with a brake.

[0016] Rolling scaffolds can be fitted with stabilizers, allowing them to increase their footprint; the base of these stabilizers generally includes an elastomer pad.

[0017] In a rolling scaffold, access to the working platform can be achieved via a staircase, a step ladder, an inclined ladder, or a vertical ladder; several types of access may exist in the same rolling scaffold.

[0018] The dismantling, dismantling, and use of mobile scaffolding, particularly that subject to standard NF EN 1004-1, require training. In the building and public works sector, the French National Health Insurance (Assurance Maladie) recommendation R457 provides a skills framework for preventing risks related to the assembly, dismantling, and use of mobile scaffolding.

[0019] Various designs have been proposed in the prior art for the assembly and dismantling of high-rise mobile scaffolds. According to one type of design, the mobile scaffold consists of two ladders, each formed of interlocking elements. "Interlocking" here refers to the fact that two separate elements slide into one another for assembly, through a substantially vertical movement of the two elements relative to each other. Examples include documents US5099953 (Staghorn, 1992), DE20315839 (Loh, 2003), EP 1978180 (Owens, 2008), EP2071099 (Tubesca, 2009), EP2175087 (Layer, 2010), FR2946375 (Duarib), and DE1 0201201 9902 (Hymer, 2014). This design has many drawbacks. The assembly ends are susceptible to impacts, which can lead to permanent deformations, potentially making reassembly of the ladder components difficult or even impossible.The ends of the ladder sections can be contaminated by splashes of paint, plaster, cement, or gypsum, for example. The soiling of the interlocking surfaces can complicate or prevent reassembly of the ladder sections. Furthermore, the interlocking sections form the basis of a scaffolding assembly kit, with the risk of losing or forgetting a part, thus preventing proper assembly of the scaffolding. In a second type of design, mobile scaffolds are equipped with two ladders, each composed of telescopic sections. Examples of relevant documentation can be found in documents US201 0071 994 (Tseng, 2010), GB2479202 (Weston, 2011), CN 1 03321397 (Zhang, 2013), CN 1 03046729 (Yuan, 2013), CN 1 038831 15 (Yuan, 2014), CN 1 038831 1 1 (Yuan, 2014), KR20190127275 (Ohseong, 2019), KR2021 0000042U (Ohseong, 2021).The applicant markets mobile scaffolding of this type under the brand name Teletower®, with a working height of 2.3 m to 4 m. While this design is satisfactory, it has some drawbacks. First, the sliding sections of the ladders can become soiled by splashes of paint, cement, or plaster, for example, requiring careful cleaning before retracting the ladders. Second, the sliding surfaces can be damaged by impacts, such as being struck by a heavy object.

[0020] According to a third type of design, rolling scaffolds are equipped with two ladders, each formed of sliding elements. See, for example, documents FR2312623 (Gubri, 1976), CN201 605792U (Suzhou, 2010), and CN201 670702 (Huiru, 2010).

[0021] EP2696008 (Hymer, 2014), EP3192940, EP3192941, EP3192942 and FR3046619 (Tubesca, 2017), GB2544623 (Ability, 2017). Such scaffolding is marketed by Tubesca under the X'Tower and Z'Tower® brands. This design has several drawbacks. In particular, the work platform area is significantly reduced compared to the scaffold's footprint, as the spacing of the sliding ladder sections decreases from the bottom to the top of the side ladders. The footprint here refers to the support polygon defined by the four wheels of the rolling scaffold. Furthermore, the sliding action of the ladder sections can be hindered by splashes of paint, plaster, or cement.

[0022] Document KR201 001 291 82 (Malsa, 2010) proposes the assembly of ladder elements using hooks and locking means. Document GB2408285 (Stevens, 2005) proposes a folding structure comprising a basic frame mounted on four wheels, with two ladders connected by inclined crossbars mounted in a folding configuration on this frame. Document EP 186261 0 (Portuleiter, 2007) discloses a scaffold comprising two ladders, each formed of two articulated elements, movable between a deployed position and a folded position in which the upper element is positioned laterally outwards and against the lower element.

[0023] The scaffolding described in document EP 186261 0 has several drawbacks. First, for each of the two ladders, the upper element can move laterally through 180° relative to the lower element. Extending the ladders over this 180° range requires a very large free space on either side of the scaffolding. Both the upper and lower elements have seven rungs and are each 2 meters high. Second, the kit proposed in this prior art document includes a set of spare parts, with the resulting risk of losing parts, and the assembly and disassembly operations are tedious. Furthermore, the scaffolding is fixed and difficult to move. Similar observations can be made regarding the scaffolding described in document ITVR20120149 (Facal, 2014).The invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art, by proposing a rolling scaffold whose components are mobile between a compact position and at least one deployed position, the compact position being a transport or storage position of the scaffold, the deployed position being a position of use of the scaffold, the ladders being height adjustable according to the desired height for the work platform floor, the means of adjusting the height of the ladders being robust, and in particular not very sensitive to shocks or dirt, allowing the use of the scaffold in the most difficult construction sites.

[0024] Another object of the invention is a scaffold of the above type, the folding and unfolding of the scaffold being able to be carried out quickly by a single person, without specific tools.

[0025] Another object of the invention is a scaffold of the above type, which is lightweight, facilitating the movement and transport of the scaffold.

[0026] Another object of the invention is a scaffold meeting at least one of the above objects, the scaffold occupying a small volume, in its compact position, allowing in particular passage through a door frame, or transport in a van, the scaffold being manageable and easy to maneuver.

[0027] Another object of the invention is a scaffold meeting at least one of the above objects, the components of the scaffold being captive.

[0028] Another object of the invention is a scaffold meeting at least one of the above objects, the height of the work platform being adjustable, the scaffold offering a large number of possible working heights.

[0029] For these purposes, the invention relates, according to a first aspect, to a scaffold, in particular a rolling scaffold, the components of which are mobile between a compact position and at least one deployed position, the compact position being a transport or storage position of the scaffold, the deployed position being a position of use, the scaffold comprising a work station supported on two ladders, the two ladders comprising a first lower element, and a second element, the first element and the second element comprising two stringers connected by at least one cross member, the second element being mounted to rotate movably relative to the first lower element, between a folded position and a deployed position, the stringers of the second element being placed in alignment with the stringers of the first lower element, in the deployed position.

[0030] By placed or arranged in alignment, we mean here that the stringers of each second ladder element extend in line with, following the same substantially vertical line as, the stringers of the first ladder element.

[0031] Advantageously, in the deployed position, the stringers of the second element and the stringers of the first element together define a substantially smooth cylindrical surface.

[0032] By cylindrical surface, we mean here a surface generated by a straight line, called the generatrix, which moves in a given direction along a closed curved line called the directrix.

[0033] In some implementations, the director is a circle or an ellipse, the stringers of the ladder elements being in the form of tubes or profiles with a round or elliptical cross-section.

[0034] In other implementations, the director is a polygon, for example a square or a rectangle, with the stringers of the ladder elements taking the form of tubes or profiles with a quadrilateral cross-section.

[0035] A substantially smooth cylindrical surface refers to the fact that the ladder elements, when extended, define an even external surface that is free of roughness or significant asperity, particularly to the touch. This reduces the risk of hand injury to the user gripping the rungs while climbing the ladder. Furthermore, elements can be mounted to slide vertically along the ladder's entire height. This allows, in particular, for adjusting the platform height of a workstation, as the platform slides along the ladder rungs.

[0036] Advantageously, the two ladders include a third element, which, together with the second element, forms a rotating assembly with the lower first element between a folded and an extended position. The third element is also rotationally movable relative to the second element between a folded and an extended position. In the extended position, the stringers of the third element are aligned with the stringers of the second element. Advantageously, in the extended position, the stringers of the third element and the stringers of the second element together define a substantially smooth cylindrical surface.

[0037] Advantageously, the scaffolding includes means for locking the third ladder elements in their unfolded position, and means for locking the second ladder elements in their deployed position.

[0038] Advantageously, the locking means are automatic locking means.

[0039] By automatic means, we mean here means which do not require any additional action from the user for their activation in the locked position, the locking of the ladder elements being achieved when they are pivoted to the unfolded or deployed position.

[0040] In some implementations, the locking means include a male element forming a latch, such as a plate or bar that snaps into a female element, either by its weight or with the aid of a spring, for example a torsion spring.

[0041] By interlocking we mean here the act of making the salient of one part penetrate the interlock of another part, so as to make them joined in their movement.

[0042] Advantageously, unlocking the ladder elements requires a deliberate, intentional action by the user. Accidental or unintentional unlocking of the ladder elements is thus excluded. When the locking means include a latch that engages with a spring, unlocking requires manual action against the spring's stiffness.

[0043] In some implementations, the ladders are formed by unfolding more than three elements, each element being mounted to rotate between a folded position and an unfolded position.

[0044] The unfolding is advantageously carried out progressively, from the bottom to the top of each ladder.

[0045] Advantageously, an assembly comprising n elements is mounted pivotally in rotation about a given lower-level element, between a folded position and an unfolded position, in which one of the n elements is aligned with the lower-level element and forms a new lower-level element. In this unfolded position, an assembly comprising n-1 elements is mounted pivotally in rotation about this new lower-level element, and so on.

[0046] Advantageously, the scaffolding comprises two side guardrails mounted for rotation between a stowed position and a deployed position, the rotation range of each side guardrail between the stowed and deployed positions extending over approximately 180° relative to the first ladder element. Advantageously, the scaffolding comprises two fixed assemblies that are movable between a close and a wide position, each assembly comprising a first lower ladder element, a side guardrail, and a second ladder element, the side guardrail and the second ladder element being arranged on either side of the first lower ladder element.

[0047] In some implementations, the two assemblies are connected by a scissor mechanism.

[0048] Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description of embodiments given below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

[0049] - Figure 1 is a perspective view of a rolling scaffold in a deployed position of use, with the workstation in the extreme highest position;

[0050] - Figure 2 is a perspective view of the rolling scaffold of Figure 1, the scaffold being in a compact folded position for transport or storage;

[0051] - Figure 3 is a view of a first stage of unfolding the scaffolding, from its compact position shown in Figure 2;

[0052] - Figure 4 is a view of a second stage of unfolding the scaffolding, with the side guardrail elements in the deployed position;

[0053] - Figure 5 is a view of a third stage of unfolding the scaffolding, with the handrail and intermediate rail of the guardrail being unfolded between the lateral guardrail elements;

[0054] - Figure 6 is a view of a fourth stage of unfolding the scaffolding, the work platform being put in the position of use, at a first working height; - Figure 7 is a view of a fifth stage of unfolding the scaffolding, after pivoting two lateral ladder elements;

[0055] - Figure 8 is a view of a sixth stage of unfolding the scaffolding, showing the raising of the floor on one side;

[0056] - Figure 9 is a view of a seventh stage of unfolding the scaffolding, showing the raising of the floor on the opposite side to that of Figure 8;

[0057] - Figure 10 is a view of an eighth stage of unfolding the scaffolding, showing a second movement of raising the floor on the first side;

[0058] - Figure 11 is a view of a ninth stage of unfolding the scaffolding, after raising the platform to a second working height;

[0059] - Figure 12 is a view of a tenth stage of unfolding the scaffolding, after the placement of two diagonals;

[0060] - Figure 13 is a view of an eleventh stage of unfolding the scaffolding, after pivoting of second ladder elements;

[0061] - Figure 14 is a view of a twelfth stage of unfolding the scaffolding, showing a raising of the workstation floor on one lateral side;

[0062] - Figure 15 is a view of a thirteenth stage of unfolding the scaffolding, showing the raising of the work platform floor on the lateral side opposite to that of Figure 14;

[0063] - Figure 16 is a view of a fourteenth stage of unfolding the scaffolding, showing the raising of the work platform floor on a side opposite to that of Figure 15;

[0064] - Figure 17 is a view of a fifteenth stage of unfolding the scaffolding, the workstation being in its extreme highest position, the floor being at a third working height;

[0065] - Figure 18 is a view of a sixteenth stage of unfolding the scaffolding, after the installation of two upper diagonals and stabilizers;

[0066] - Figure 19 is a perspective view of a first lower ladder element, mounted on two wheels, an assembly comprising a second element and a third ladder element being mounted pivoting and articulated to the first lower ladder element, the assembly being shown in the folded position;

[0067] - Figure 20 is a perspective view of the articulation area of ​​the first lower element and the second ladder element;

[0068] - Figure 21 is a perspective view of the means of articulation and locking, in one embodiment.

[0069] We refer first to figure 1, illustrating in perspective a 1 type rolling scaffold, shown in a position of use.

[0070] Scaffolding 1 comprises two lateral ladders 2, 3, extending substantially vertically and parallel to each other.

[0071] By ladder, we mean here elements comprising two uprights or stringers that are substantially parallel, and crossbars or rungs connecting the uprights.

[0072] In the embodiment shown, ladders 2, 3 are provided with equidistant rungs, which can serve as foot support for a user climbing or scaling a ladder 2, 3.

[0073] The bars are advantageously provided with reliefs or ribs, or coated with a non-slip material, for example elastomer.

[0074] In the position of use, the two ladders 2, 3 are separated from each other by a predefined maximum distance, by an articulation mechanism 4, for example scissor or bellows.

[0075] In the embodiment shown, each scale 2, 3 includes a first lower element 10, 1 1, formed by assembling crossbeams between two longerons.

[0076] A wheel 1 2 is mounted in the extreme lower part of each of the two longitudinal members, on each first element 1 0, 1 1.

[0077] Advantageously, a wheel 1 2 equipped with a braking means is mounted freely on each side member of the first two elements 1 0, 1 1, that is to say, mounted pivoting at 360° with respect to the vertical direction of slenderness of the side member.

[0078] In various implementations, the 12 wheels are made of polyamide or polyurethane, with a diameter between 125 mm and 200 mm, for example.

[0079] The braking control is advantageously of the foot control type, and is identical on all four wheels 12. The brakes are locked before any user climbs onto the scaffold 1.

[0080] Each ladder 2, 3 includes at least one second element 13, 14, mounted pivotally relative to the lower element 10, 11, between a folded position and a deployed position.

[0081] A folded position is shown in figure 19.

[0082] In the embodiments shown, the pivot stroke of the second element 13, 14 relative to the first lower element 10, 11 is approximately 180°.

[0083] In the deployed position, the second ladder element 13, 14 is arranged in alignment with the lower element 10, 11, as shown in Figures 1, and in Figures 7 to 18.

[0084] By arranged in alignment, we mean here that the stringers of each second element 13, 14 of the ladder extend in the continuation, in continuity, following the same substantially vertical line as the stringers of the first element of the ladder 10, 11.

[0085] In an implementation, not shown, the deployed position of the second elements 13, 14 of the ladder defines, determines, the maximum height of the ladders 2, 3.

[0086] In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, each of the second ladder elements 13, 14 is attached to a third element 15, 16, mounted pivotally between a folded position and a deployed position, Figure 1 and Figures 13 to 18 showing these third elements 15, 16 in the deployed position, fixing the maximum height of the scaffold ladders.

[0087] In other, unrepresented implementations, each third element is fixed to a fourth element, which is pivotally mounted relative to the third element, between a folded and an extended position. It is understood that, above the first lower element 10, the maximum height of the ladder 2 is determined by the dimensions of each pivoting element 13, 15 and by the number of pivoting elements, and that the same applies to the maximum height of the ladder 3, determined above the first lower element 11, by the dimensions of each pivoting element 14, 16 and by the number of pivoting elements.

[0088] Advantageously, each pivoting element is of reduced height, for example, on the order of 700 mm. The scaffolding can thus be unfolded with a small range of motion. In the embodiments shown, the second ladder element 13, 14 is formed by assembling crossbeams or rungs between stringers. Similarly, the third ladder element 15, 16 is formed by assembling crossbeams or rungs between stringers.

[0089] Advantageously, the pivoting elements 13, 15 of scale 2 are of similar structure to the lower element 10, and the same is true of the pivoting elements 14, 16 of scale 3 which are similar to the lower element 11.

[0090] Advantageously, scales 2 and 3 are of similar structure.

[0091] The ladder elements can be made of steel or aluminum alloy, or even composite material, for example with a polymer matrix reinforced with glass fibers, carbon fibers, or flax fibers.

[0092] In some designs, the rungs and stringers are joined by welding, and are, for example, made of aluminum alloy. This method of assembly provides significant protection against the risk of accidental disassembly.

[0093] In other implementations, the assembly of the rungs and stringers is carried out by screwing, or stapling using tabs, tenons, lugs, or similar means which can be engaged in slots provided for this purpose in the stringers, and then deformed using a crimping tool.

[0094] In other implementations, the assembly of the rungs and stringers is carried out by interlocking.

[0095] Advantageously, the rungs and stringers are joined by expansion or crimping, the ladder components being metallic and tubular, particularly a light alloy such as aluminum. For assembly by crimping, the rungs are provided, on both their lateral ends, with at least one swag that engages with the holes in the stiles or stringers. The end of these swages protrudes from the outer face of the stiles, and this end is deformed by crimping, or alternatively by rolling, flaring, crimping, or stamping. Single crimping results in deformation of the swag on the outer face of the stile. Double crimping, performed on both the outer and inner faces of the stile, is stronger than single crimping, since it allows for tightening on both sides of the stile wall.In the deployed position, the second ladder element 13, 14 is arranged in alignment with the lower element 10, 11, and the third element 15, 16 is arranged in alignment with the second element 13, 14.

[0096] Thus, the stringers of each second ladder element 13, 14 extend in the continuation, in continuity, along the same substantially vertical line as the stringers of the first ladder element 10, 11, and the stringers of the third element 15, 16 extend in the continuation, in continuity, along the same substantially vertical line as the stringers of the second element 13, 14. Advantageously, in the deployed position, the stringers of the second element 13, 14 and the stringers of the first element 10, 11 together define a substantially smooth cylindrical surface.

[0097] In the embodiments shown, the stringers of the ladder elements are in the form of tubes or profiles with a round section.

[0098] In other implementations, the ladder elements' stringers are in the form of tubes or profiles with an elliptical cross-section.

[0099] In other implementations, the stringers of the ladder elements are in the form of tubes or profiles with a quadrilateral cross-section.

[0100] By substantially smooth cylindrical surface, we mean here that the scale elements define, in deployed position, an external surface that does not present high roughness or asperity, especially to the touch.

[0101] The risks of injury to the user's hands, gripping the stringers while climbing the ladder, are thus reduced.

[0102] Elements can also be mounted to slide vertically along the ladders, along the entire height of the ladder sections. A floor or floor support can thus be fitted with rails that slide along the ladders.

[0103] The scaffolding 1 includes a workstation 20, the height of the workstation 20 being defined by the position of a platform 24. In Figure 1, the workstation 20 is arranged in the extreme highest position.

[0104] Flooring 24 offers advantageous slip resistance and is available, for example, with an embossed, ribbed, or perforated surface. Flooring 24 can be made of metal, particularly aluminum alloy or steel, or of composite material, for example, a polymer matrix reinforced with fiberglass.

[0105] Workstation 20 includes a guardrail with three elements, namely a handrail 21 or top rail, an intermediate rail 22 and a toe board 23.

[0106] As shown in Figure 1, handrail elements 21 extend in the front and rear parts of the scaffolding 1, along the length of the workstation 20, and on both sides of the scaffolding 1, over the width of the workstation 20.

[0107] Similarly, intermediate rail elements 22 extend in the front part, in the rear part and on both sides of the scaffolding 1, and plinth elements 23 also extend in the front and rear part and on both lateral sides of the workstation 20.

[0108] The baseboard 23 limits the risk of objects such as tools falling from the floor 24. This baseboard 23 forms a stop for the user's feet, reducing the risk of falling.

[0109] The height of the plinth 23 is advantageously ten centimeters or more than ten centimeters.

[0110] In some implementations, the floor and baseboard were made from material, for example from injection molding.

[0111] In other implementations, the plinth 23 is fixed to the floor. In certain specific designs, the plinth 23, particularly at the front and rear of the workstation, is hinged to the floor between an extended position for use and a compact folded position for storage or transport.

[0112] The width of floor 24 is, for example, at least sixty centimeters, and its length at least one meter.

[0113] In some implementations, the top rail and the intermediate rail are formed of articulated tubes, notably in aluminium alloy or steel.

[0114] When scaffolding is used for electrical work, the profiles forming the guardrails and ladders are advantageously made of insulating material, such as a composite material, for example, a polymer matrix with glass or flax fibers. A work area is delimited at workstation 20, this work area being secured, particularly with regard to fall hazards, at various heights from the user's body.

[0115] A first safety measure, at the user's foot level, is provided by the baseboard 23.

[0116] A second safety measure, at the user's leg height, is provided by the intermediate rail 22 of the guardrail.

[0117] A third safety feature, at the user's pelvis height, is provided by the upper rail or handrail 21 of the guardrail.

[0118] The intermediate rails 22 and upper rails 21 of the guardrail provide safety to the user against a lateral fall or a fall forward or backward, i.e. substantially over 360°.

[0119] In the embodiment shown, the scaffolding 1 is provided with four stabilizers 30, allowing the ground footprint to be increased, the base of these stabilizers 30 advantageously comprising an elastomer pad.

[0120] In other, unrepresented implementations, the scaffolding is equipped with stabilizing feet, increasing its footprint, and to which a caster is attached, the caster being fitted with a brake. The stabilizers or stabilizing feet define a support polygon for the scaffolding 1.

[0121] Scaffolding 1 is provided with diagonals 40, 41, 42, 43.

[0122] Advantageously, each diagonal is formed of two articulated elements, allowing them to be stored in a compact position when the scaffolding is in its configuration of Figure 2, which represents the scaffolding of Figure 1, in its compact, folded, storage or transport state.

[0123] For reference, the dimensions of the scaffolding, in its compact folded position, are as follows: height 1200 mm, width 800 mm, thickness 700 mm.

[0124] Such dimensions are advantageous, as the scaffold 1 can thus be moved and handled, for example for passage through a building door frame, or for transport in a van, a pickup truck or a commercial vehicle.

[0125] As a guide, the weight of such a scaffold is approximately 60 to 65 kg, for a working height of 4.8 m. In the compact storage or transport configuration shown in Figure 1, the platform 24 of the scaffold 1 is positioned on one side. The platform 24 includes an access hatch, as is known per se. As will become apparent later in this description, the platform is advantageously the only detachable part of the entire folding mobile scaffold, the other parts of the scaffold 1 forming a single unit.

[0126] In a first unfolding stage, the scaffold 1 moves from its compact storage position, shown in figure 2, to the position in figure 3, by operation of an articulation mechanism 4.

[0127] In the state shown in Figure 3, the two ladders 2, 3 and the side guardrail elements are in the folded position, and the two ladders 2, 3 are manually moved apart from each other until they reach their maximum distance.

[0128] In a second unfolding stage, the scaffold 1 changes from a state as shown in Figure 3 to a state as shown in Figure 4, with the two lateral guardrail elements being rotated approximately 180°. Advantageously, the movement of the lateral guardrail elements takes place between the two ladders 2 and 3.

[0129] As shown in Figure 4, each lateral guardrail element comprises a lateral handrail 21a, 21b, a lateral intermediate rail 22a, 22b, and a lateral toe board 23a, 23b. The lateral elements of the guardrail at workstation 20 are thus put in place by a simple 180° pivot of two elements, without tools.

[0130] In a third unfolding stage, the scaffolding transitions from the state shown in Figure 4 to the state shown in Figure 5, with the front 21c and rear 21d handrail elements 21 and the front 22c and rear 22d intermediate rail elements 22 being deployed between the side guardrail elements. The terms front and rear are used here with reference to the arrangement shown in Figure 5, without implying any final orientation of the scaffolding 1.

[0131] Advantageously, the front 21c and rear 21d elements of the handrail 21 are integrated into a side guardrail element and are thus captive. Similarly, the front 22c and rear 22d elements of the intermediate rail 22 are integrated into a side guardrail element and are thus captive. In a fourth unfolding stage, the scaffolding transitions from a state shown in Figure 5 to a state shown in Figure 6, with the platform 24 being positioned at a first working height.

[0132] In a fifth unfolding step, the second scale elements 13, 14 are pivoted to their deployed position of alignment with the lower elements 10, 11, resulting in a state represented in Figure 7. In the state represented in Figure 7, the third scale elements 15, 16 are in a folded position, substantially parallel to the second scale elements 13, 14.

[0133] In subsequent steps shown in figures 8 to 12, the platform 24 is raised on one side and then the other of the scaffolding 1, until the workstation 20 is brought to a second height, and two diagonals 40, 41 are put in place, resulting in the state of figure 1 2. Advantageously, the diagonals 40, 41 are integrated into the platform, and are thus captive.

[0134] During the manual raising movement of the floor, advantageously, a floor support is mounted sliding on the height of the elements 10, 13 of ladder 2, and of the elements 11, 14 of ladder 3.

[0135] In a step represented in figure 13, the third elements 15, 16 of the scale are rotated relative to the second elements 13, 14, so as to come into alignment with these second elements 13, 14.

[0136] In subsequent steps shown in figures 14 to 17, the floor is raised on one side and then the other of the scaffolding 1, until the workstation 20 is brought to a third height, and two diagonals 42, 43 and the stabilizers 30 are put in place, resulting in the state shown in figure 18. The plinth elements are then pivoted into a horizontal position, leading to the final state shown in figure 1.

[0137] Advantageously, the scaffold 1 includes means for locking the third elements 1 5, 16 of the ladder in their unfolded position, and means for locking the second elements 13, 14 of the ladder in their deployed position.

[0138] Advantageously, the locking means are automatic locking means.

[0139] Automatic means here refers to means that do not require any additional action from the user to activate them in the locked position, the locking of the ladder elements being achieved when they are pivoted to the unfolded or extended position. In some implementations, the locking means include a male element forming a latch, such as a plate or bar that engages with a female element, either by its weight or with the aid of a spring, for example, a torsion spring.

[0140] Figures 19 to 21 illustrate such an implementation.

[0141] The following section describes an articulation of two stringers of two ladder elements.

[0142] It is understood that this articulation is advantageously present for each of the two stringers of each ladder element, as shown in the figures.

[0143] A first plate 50 is mounted as a unit of a trunnion or stud 51, inserted in the extreme part of a first longitudinal member of a scale element 13, 14.

[0144] A second plate 52 is mounted as a unit of a trunnion 53 or a stud, inserted in the extreme part of a second longitudinal member of a 10 1 1 scale element.

[0145] The insertion of the trunnion 51, 53 into the extreme part of the longeron is for example done by force.

[0146] In other implementations, the trunnion 51, 53 is slid into the spar and held in position by a fastener, such as a pin, for example a cotter pin, or even by a rivet or a screw.

[0147] The first plate 50 and the second plate 52 are articulated in rotation around an axis 54, advantageously between two extreme positions.

[0148] In a first extreme position, the two plates 50, 52 are substantially aligned and the two trunnions 51, 53 are substantially parallel to each other, as shown in figures 19 to 21.

[0149] When the scaffold 1 is in the stowage or storage position, as shown in Figure 2, the two plates 50, 52 are aligned substantially horizontally, and the stringers of the ladder elements in which the trunnions 51, 53 are mounted are substantially parallel and arranged vertically, as shown in Figure 19.

[0150] Elastic means 55, such as deformable legs, allow the ladder elements to be held in a folded position, as shown schematically in figure 19.

[0151] In a second extreme position, the two plates 50, 52 are opposite each other, and the two trunnions 51, 53 are aligned with each other. The spars of the ladder elements in which the trunnions 51, 53 are mounted are continuous, aligned, and extend in the same vertical direction, as shown in particular in figures 7 to 12.

[0152] Advantageously, unlocking the scale elements requires a deliberate, intentional action by the user.

[0153] Accidental or unintentional unlocking of ladder components is thus excluded.

[0154] In the embodiments shown, the locking means include a latch 60 pivotally mounted on one of the two plates 50, 52, for example plate 50, around an axis 61, the latch 60 engaging by means of a spring, unlocking requiring manual action against the stiffness of the spring.

[0155] The spring is, for example, a spiral type spring, wound around the pivot axis 61 of the latch 60. In other embodiments, the spring is a spring steel blade.

[0156] The 60 latch, for example, is made of metal alloy or polymer material, notably fiber-reinforced.

[0157] The latch 60 is elastically deformed during the rotation of the moving plate 50 relative to the fixed plate 52.

[0158] Advantageously, an extreme part 62 of the latch 60 is brightly coloured, for example made in the form of a tip made of red coloured polymer material.

[0159] The extreme part 62 of the latch is for example fitted or overmolded.

[0160] The pivoting movement of a second ladder element 13, 14, relative to the lower element 10, 11 takes place around the axis 54 of rotation of the two plates 50, 52, until the automatic locking of the latch 60.

[0161] Similarly, the pivoting movement of a third scale element 15, 16 relative to a second scale element 13, 14 takes place around the axis 54 of rotation of two plates 50, 52, until the automatic locking of the latch 60.

[0162] More broadly, during the unfolding of ladders 2 and 3, the pivoting movement of an upper ladder section relative to a lower ladder section occurs around the axis of rotation of two plates 50 and 52, advantageously until a latch automatically locks. As shown in the figures, during the rotation of a ladder section through a stroke of approximately 180°, from a folded to an unfolded position, two latches are advantageously elastically deformed until they reach their engagement position, ensuring a high degree of security for ladders 2 and 3 in the unfolded position. The risks of accidental or unintentional disassembly are eliminated, as folding the ladder sections requires the deliberate and simultaneous activation of two locking latches 60.

[0163] The invention has many advantages.

[0164] The platform and guardrails forming the workstation are installed in a lowered position, and the workstation is then gradually raised to the desired height. This eliminates the need to climb scaffolding to install the guardrails.

[0165] The entire scaffolding assembly is contained within a small volume, and the risk of losing or forgetting any components is reduced, as the scaffolding comprises only two sets of elements. The first set consists of the platform onto which the longitudinal toe boards and two diagonal reinforcements are mounted. The second set comprises the remaining scaffolding components. Within each of these two sets, the parts are assembled and secured by a connection that cannot be easily disassembled.

[0166] The scaffolding is lightweight, allowing it to be handled on its wheels by a single person, for transport or storage in its compact state, or for movement in its unfolded state.

[0167] As an indication, the weight of the platform is approximately 13 kg, the rest of the scaffolding weighs approximately 47 kg, the compact dimensions shown in Figure 2 are approximately 1200 mm high, 800 mm wide and 690 mm deep, for a scaffolding allowing platform heights between 0.75 m and 2.75 m.

[0168] The number of possible working heights is, for example, from two to ten, the step between two successive heights being a function of the spacing of the rungs of ladders 2, 3. The step is, for example, between 200 mm and 400 mm, and is notably 300 mm.

[0169] The scaffolding can be easily folded and unfolded by one person, without tools or assembly methods such as screws or pins. In its compact position, the scaffolding is small, allowing passage through doorways with a width of 0.73 m.

[0170] The height of the scaffold in compact position is reduced, advantageously to around 1.2 m, allowing its transport in a vehicle such as a van or utility vehicle.

[0171] The scaffolding allows the working height to be adjusted to different heights, for example between 0.75 m and 2.75 m. The scaffolding advantageously allows a choice of eight working heights, the platform height being 0.75 m, 0.95 m, 1.25 m, 1.55 m, 1.85 m, 2.15 m, 2.45 m, and 2.75 m.

Claims

22 Demands 1. A rolling scaffold (1) equipped with four swiveling wheeled feet, the components of which are mobile between a compact position and at least one extended position, the compact position being a transport or storage position for the scaffold (1), the extended position being a position of use, the scaffold (1) comprising a work platform (20) supported by two ladders (2, 3), the two ladders (2, 3) extending substantially vertically and parallel to each other when the scaffold (1) is in the position of use, the two ladders (2, 3) comprising a first lower element (10, 11) and a second element (13, 14), the first element (10, 11) and the second element (13, 14) comprising two stringers connected by at least one cross member, characterized in that the second element (13, 14) is mounted to rotate movably relative to the first element (10, 11) lower, between a folded position and an unfolded position,the stringers of the second element (13, 14) being placed in alignment with the stringers of the first lower element (10, 11), in the deployed position, the stringers of each second ladder element (13, 14) extending in the deployed position in continuity and along the same substantially vertical line as the stringers of the first ladder element (10, 11), the pivoting stroke of the second element (13, 14) relative to the first lower element (10, 11) being substantially 180°, the two ladders (2, 3) being separated from each other in the scaffolding (1) use position by a predefined maximum distance, by means of an articulation mechanism (4).

2. Scaffolding (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that in the deployed position, the stringers of the second element (13, 14) and the stringers of the first element (10, 11) together define a substantially smooth cylindrical surface.

3. Scaffolding (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the two ladders (2, 3) comprise a third element (15, 16), forming with the second element (13, 14) a rotating assembly with the lower first element (10, 11), between a folded position and an extended position, the third element ( 15, 1 6) being mobile in rotation relative to the second element ( 13, 14) , between a folded position and an unfolded position, the stringers of the third element ( 15, 16) being placed in alignment with the stringers of the second element ( 13, 14) , in the unfolded position.

4. Scaffolding (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that in the unfolded position, the stringers of the third element (15, 16) and the stringers of the second element (13, 14) together define a substantially smooth cylindrical surface.

5. Scaffolding (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that it comprises means for locking the third elements (15, 16) of ladder in their unfolded position, and means for locking the second elements (13, 14) of ladder in their deployed position.

6. Scaffolding (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the locking means are automatic locking means.

7. Scaffolding (1) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the locking means comprise a male element forming a latch (60) which engages in a female element, by its weight or by means of a spring.

8. Scaffolding (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises two side guardrails mounted movable in rotation between a stowed position and a deployed position, the rotation stroke of each side guardrail between the stowed position and the deployed position extending over approximately 180° relative to the first ladder element (10, 11).

9. Scaffolding (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises two movable assemblies between a close position and a distant position, each assembly comprising a first lower ladder element (10, 11), a side guardrail, and a second ladder element (13, 14), the side guardrail and the second ladder element (13, 14) being arranged on either side of the first lower ladder element (10, 11).

10. Scaffolding (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the two assemblies are connected to each other by a scissor mechanism.

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