Vehicle glass

Abstract

According to the present invention, breakage of a glass member is suppressed. A vehicle glass 1 includes: a glass member 10 in which an opening 19 penetrating from a surface 10A on a Z1 direction side to a surface 10B on a Z2 direction side is formed; and a transmissive member which is provided in the opening 19 and transmits far-infrared rays. In an inner peripheral surface 19C in the opening 19 of the glass member 10, a maximum height Sz of an inner region 14C including a region on the Z2 direction side is 25 μm or less, and a size of chipping of the inner region 14C is 0.3 mm or less.

Description

Vehicle glass

[0001] This invention relates to vehicle glass.

[0002] Various sensors may be installed on vehicles such as automobiles to improve their safety. Examples of sensors installed on vehicles include cameras, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), millimeter-wave radar, and infrared sensors.

[0003] Patent Document 1 describes a vehicle glass in which an opening is formed in a glass member, a transparent member capable of transmitting far-infrared rays is provided in the opening, and far-infrared rays are received through the transparent member.

[0004] International Publication No. 2022 / 045011

[0005] When an opening is formed in a glass component and a transparent component is placed there, the glass component may break starting from the opening. Therefore, it is necessary to suppress the breakage of the glass component.

[0006] The present invention aims to provide vehicle glass capable of suppressing breakage of glass components.

[0007] The vehicle glass according to this disclosure comprises a glass member having an opening formed therein that penetrates from the surface on the first direction side in the thickness direction to the surface on the second direction side opposite to the first direction, and a transparent member provided in the opening that transmits far-infrared rays, wherein the maximum height Sz of the inner region of the inner circumferential surface of the opening of the glass member, including the region on the second direction side, is 25 μm or less, and the size of the chipping in the inner region is 0.3 mm or less.

[0008] According to the present invention, breakage of the glass component can be suppressed.

[0009] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the vehicle glass according to the embodiment mounted on a vehicle. Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of the vehicle glass according to the embodiment. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A in Figure 2. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view along line B-B in Figure 2. Figure 5 is a schematic enlarged cross-sectional view of the glass member according to the embodiment. Figure 6 is a diagram showing an example configuration when a far-infrared camera is attached to the vehicle glass.

[0010] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and if there are multiple embodiments, they may be constructed by combining these embodiments. Numerical values ​​are rounded to the nearest whole number.

[0011] (Vehicle) Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the vehicle glass according to the embodiment mounted on a vehicle. As shown in Figure 1, the vehicle glass 1 according to this embodiment is mounted on a vehicle V. The vehicle glass 1 is a window member applied to the windshield of the vehicle V. That is, the vehicle glass 1 is used as the front window of the vehicle V, or in other words, as a windshield. Inside the vehicle V (interior), a far-infrared camera CA1 and a visible light camera CA2 are mounted. The inside of the vehicle V (interior) refers to, for example, the interior of the vehicle where the driver's seat is located.

[0012] The vehicle glass 1, far-infrared camera CA1, and visible light camera CA2 constitute the camera unit 100. The far-infrared camera CA1 is a camera that detects far-infrared rays. The far-infrared camera CA1 captures a thermal image of the outside of the vehicle V by detecting far-infrared rays from outside the vehicle V. The visible light camera CA2 is a camera that detects visible light. The visible light camera CA2 captures an image of the outside of the vehicle V by detecting visible light from outside the vehicle V. In addition to the far-infrared camera CA1 and the visible light camera CA2, the camera unit 100 may further include, for example, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) or millimeter-wave radar. Here, far-infrared rays refer to, for example, electromagnetic waves in the wavelength band of 8 μm to 13 μm, and visible light refers to, for example, electromagnetic waves in the wavelength band of 380 nm to 830 nm.

[0013] (Vehicle Glass) Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of vehicle glass according to an embodiment. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A in Figure 2. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view along line B-B in Figure 2. As shown in Figure 2, the upper edge of the vehicle glass 1 will be referred to as the upper edge portion 1a, the lower edge as the lower edge portion 1b, one side edge as the side edge portion 1c, and the other side edge as the side edge portion 1d. The upper edge portion 1a is the edge portion located on the vertically upper side when the vehicle glass 1 is mounted on the vehicle V. The lower edge portion 1b is the edge portion located on the vertically lower side when the vehicle glass 1 is mounted on the vehicle V. The side edge portion 1c is the edge portion located on one side when the vehicle glass 1 is mounted on the vehicle V. The side edge portion 1d is the edge portion located on the other side when the vehicle glass 1 is mounted on the vehicle V.

[0014] Hereinafter, among the directions parallel to the surface of the vehicle glass 1, the direction from the upper edge 1a to the lower edge 1b will be defined as the Y direction, and the direction from the side edge 1c to the side edge 1d will be defined as the X direction. In this embodiment, the X direction and the Y direction are orthogonal. The direction perpendicular to the surface of the vehicle glass 1, that is, the thickness direction of the vehicle glass 1, will be defined as the Z direction. Furthermore, one direction along the Z direction will be defined as the Z1 direction (first direction), and the direction opposite to the Z1 direction will be defined as the Z2 direction (second direction). The Z1 direction is, for example, the direction from the inside to the outside of the vehicle V when the vehicle glass 1 is mounted on the vehicle V. The Z2 direction is, for example, the direction from the outside to the inside of the vehicle V when the vehicle glass 1 is mounted on the vehicle V. The X direction and the Y direction are along the surface of the vehicle glass 1, but for example, if the surface of the vehicle glass 1 is curved, they may be directions that are tangent to the surface of the vehicle glass 1 at the center point O of the vehicle glass 1. The center point O is the central position of the vehicle glass 1 when viewed from the Z direction.

[0015] The vehicle glass 1 has a light-transmitting region A1 and a light-blocking region A2. The light-transmitting region A1 is the central part of the vehicle glass 1 when viewed from the Z direction. The light-transmitting region A1 is the region that ensures the driver's field of view. The light-transmitting region A1 is the region that transmits visible light. The light-blocking region A2 is the region that is formed around the light-transmitting region A1 when viewed from the Z direction. The light-blocking region A2 is the region that blocks visible light and ultraviolet light (ultraviolet light). Within the light-blocking region A2a, which is the part on the upper edge 1a side of the light-blocking region A2, a far-infrared transmitting region B and a visible light transmitting region C are formed.

[0016] The far-infrared transmission region B is a region that transmits far-infrared light and is the region in which the far-infrared camera CA1 is installed. That is, the far-infrared camera CA1 is installed in a position that overlaps with the far-infrared transmission region B when viewed from the optical axis direction of the far-infrared camera CA1. The visible light transmission region C is a region that transmits visible light and is the region in which the visible light camera CA2 is installed. That is, the visible light camera CA2 is installed in a position that overlaps with the visible light transmission region C when viewed from the optical axis direction of the visible light camera CA2.

[0017] As described above, the light-shielding region A2 has a far-infrared transmitting region B and a visible light transmitting region C. Therefore, the light-shielding region A2 blocks far-infrared rays in areas other than where the far-infrared transmitting region B is formed, and blocks visible light in areas other than where the visible light transmitting region C is formed. The far-infrared transmitting region B and the visible light transmitting region C are surrounded by a light-shielding region A2a. This surrounding light-shielding region A2a is preferable because it protects the various sensors from sunlight. It is also preferable from a design standpoint because the wiring of the various sensors is not visible from outside the vehicle.

[0018] As shown in Figure 3, the vehicle glass 1 comprises a glass member 10. The glass member 10 is the main body portion of the vehicle glass 1 that constitutes the windshield of the vehicle V. The glass member 10 may be single-pane glass or laminated glass, but in this embodiment, the glass member 10 is laminated glass in which a first glass base 12 provided on the outside of the vehicle and a second glass base 14 provided on the inside of the vehicle are laminated with an intermediate layer 16 in between. Specifically, the glass member 10 comprises a first glass base 12, a second glass base 14, an intermediate layer 16, and a light-shielding layer 18. In the vehicle glass 1, the first glass base 12, the intermediate layer 16, the second glass base 14, and the light-shielding layer 18 are laminated in this order in the Z2 direction. The first glass base 12 and the second glass base 14 are fixed (bonded) to each other via the intermediate layer 16.

[0019] The glass substrate may be inorganic glass or organic glass. Examples of inorganic glass include soda-lime glass, aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, alkali-free glass, and quartz glass, which can be used without particular restriction. Among these, soda-lime glass is particularly preferred in terms of manufacturing cost and moldability. For example, in the case of inorganic glass, glass plates formed by the float process are preferred. When the first glass substrate 12 and the second glass substrate 14 are inorganic glass, the first glass substrate 12 and the second glass substrate 14 may be either untempered glass or tempered glass. Tempered glass may be either physically tempered glass or chemically tempered glass. Untempered glass is obtained by forming molten glass into a plate and slowly cooling it. Tempered glass is obtained by forming a compressive stress layer on the surface of untempered glass. Tempered glass may be either physically tempered glass or chemically tempered glass. In the case of physically strengthened glass, the glass surface may be strengthened by creating a compressive stress layer on the glass surface due to the temperature difference between the glass surface and the inside of the glass, through operations other than slow cooling, such as air-cooled strengthening, where a uniformly heated glass plate is rapidly cooled from a temperature near its softening point during bending. In the case of chemically strengthened glass, the glass surface may be strengthened after bending by creating compressive stress on the glass surface by methods such as ion exchange. Known molding techniques such as gravity molding, press molding, and roller molding may be used for bending the glass substrate. Glass that absorbs ultraviolet or infrared rays may also be used. Furthermore, the first glass substrate 12 and the second glass substrate 14 may be transparent or colored. The intermediate layer 16 is an adhesive layer that bonds the first glass substrate 12 and the second glass substrate 14. As the intermediate layer 16, known materials such as polyvinyl butyral (hereinafter also referred to as PVB) modified material, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) material, urethane resin material, and vinyl chloride resin material can be used. Furthermore, the intermediate layer 16 may contain functional particles such as ultraviolet absorbers, infrared absorbers, adhesion enhancers, antioxidants, and light stabilizers. The intermediate layer 16 may be transparent or colored. The intermediate layer 16 may also have a multilayer structure of two or more layers.More specifically, the first glass substrate 12 includes one surface 12A (the surface facing Z1) and the other surface 12B (the surface facing Z2), with the other surface 12B in contact with one surface 16A (the surface facing Z1) of the intermediate layer 16, and fixed (bonded) to the intermediate layer 16. The second glass substrate 14 includes one surface 14A (the surface facing Z1) and the other surface 14B (the surface facing Z2), with one surface 14A in contact with the other surface 16B (the surface facing Z2) of the intermediate layer 16, and fixed (bonded) to the intermediate layer 16. Thus, the vehicle glass 1 is a laminated glass formed by laminating the first glass substrate 12 and the second glass substrate 14. However, the vehicle glass 1 is not limited to laminated glass; for example, it may be a configuration that includes only one of the first glass substrate 12 and the second glass substrate 14 (i.e., a single-pane glass). In this case, the intermediate layer 16 may not be provided. The intermediate layer 16 may contain a heat-generating film (PET substrate), a heating device, an antenna, a liquid crystal device, a dimming device, an image projection layer, an emissive layer, a heat-reflective layer, etc. Hereinafter, when the first glass substrate 12 and the second glass substrate 14 are not distinguished, they will be referred to as glass substrates. When the vehicle glass 1 is installed in a vehicle, the vehicle glass 1 may have a curved shape that is convex toward the outside of the vehicle. The curved shape from the periphery to the center of the vehicle glass 1 may be a curved shape that is curved in only one direction, a curved shape that is curved in two orthogonal directions, or a curved shape that is curved in three or more directions. The thickness of the vehicle glass 1 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 3 mm or more, more preferably 4 mm or more, even more preferably 4.5 mm or more, even more preferably 5 mm or more, and most preferably 6 mm or more. Furthermore, the thickness of the vehicle glass 1 is preferably 10 mm or less, more preferably 9 mm or less, even more preferably 8 mm or less, and most preferably 7 mm or less. In this embodiment, the upper and lower limits can be combined as appropriate. Also, if the vehicle glass 1 is laminated glass, the above plate thickness may be read as the total thickness of the laminated glass.

[0020] The thickness of the first glass substrate 12 is preferably 1.8 mm to 3.0 mm, and more preferably 1.9 mm to 2.3 mm. Having the thickness of the first glass substrate 12 within this range allows for appropriate resistance to flying stones and other debris while suppressing an increase in weight and a decrease in moldability. The thickness of the second glass substrate 14 is preferably 0.3 mm to 2.3 mm, and more preferably 0.4 mm to 2.0 mm. Having the thickness of the second glass substrate 14 within this range facilitates handling during manufacturing and assembly, and allows for appropriate conformability to the intermediate layer 16.

[0021] The light-shielding layer 18 is a layer that shields visible light (wavelength 380 nm to 830 nm). The light-shielding layer 18 may be provided in a band shape along the periphery of the vehicle glass 1. This suppresses the deterioration of aesthetics due to refraction of the glass substrate. The light-shielding layer 18 is also a layer that shields ultraviolet rays (wavelength 300 nm to 380 nm). This suppresses the exposure of components that are susceptible to deterioration by ultraviolet rays (for example, the intermediate layer 16 and the adhesive layers 50 and 52 described later) to sunlight. Preferably, the light-shielding layer 18 also shields infrared rays (wavelength 830 nm to 2000 nm). Shielding is achieved, for example, by absorbing the target light ray. For example, the visible light transmittance and ultraviolet light transmittance of the light-shielding layer 18 are 5% or less, preferably 3% or less, more preferably 1% or less, and even more preferably substantially 0%. The degree of shielding may vary depending on the wavelength of the light ray. The transmittance of light at each wavelength can be measured, for example, using an ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared spectrophotometer (manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Corporation, product name: U-4100).

[0022] The light-shielding layer 18 is configured as a substantially opaque layer. For example, a ceramic light-shielding layer or a light-shielding film can be used as the light-shielding layer 18. As a ceramic light-shielding layer, for example, a ceramic layer made of a conventionally known material such as a black ceramic layer can be used. As a light-shielding film, for example, a light-shielding polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, a light-shielding polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) film, a light-shielding polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) film, etc. can be used. The light-shielding layer 18 includes one surface 18A (the surface on the Z1 direction side) and the other surface 18B (the surface on the Z2 direction side). In the example of Figure 3, one surface 18A is in contact with and fixed to the other surface 14B of the second glass substrate 14, but it is not limited to this. For example, the light-shielding layer 18 may be provided on the surface 12B of the first glass substrate 12. In this case, the light-shielding layer 18 may not be provided on the second glass substrate 14. In other words, the light-shielding layer 18 may be provided on the surface 14B of the second glass substrate 14, on the surface 12B of the first glass substrate 12, or on both surfaces 14B and 12B.

[0023] In this embodiment, the side of the vehicle glass 1 on which the light-shielding layer 18 is provided is the interior side (Z2 direction side), and the first glass substrate 12 is the exterior side (Z1 direction side). However, it is not limited to this, and the light-shielding layer 18 may be provided on the exterior side of the vehicle V. If the vehicle glass 1 is made of laminated glass of a first glass substrate 12 and a second glass substrate 14, the light-shielding layer 18 may be formed between the first glass substrate 12 and the second glass substrate 14. That is, the light-shielding layer 18 may be formed on, for example, the surface 12B or the surface 14A, or a part of the intermediate layer 16 may be the light-shielding layer 18. If a part of the intermediate layer 16 is the light-shielding layer 18, a part of the intermediate layer 16 may be colored with a dark pigment, or a layer containing a dark pigment may be provided in a part of the intermediate layer 16.

[0024] The light-shielding region A2 is formed by providing a light-shielding layer 18 on the glass member 10. In other words, the light-shielding region A2 is the region in which the glass member 10 is equipped with the light-shielding layer 18. Specifically, the light-shielding region A2 is the region in which the first glass substrate 12, the intermediate layer 16, the second glass substrate 14, and the light-shielding layer 18 are laminated. On the other hand, the light-transmitting region A1 is the region in which the glass member 10 is not equipped with the light-shielding layer 18. Specifically, the light-transmitting region A1 is the region in which the first glass substrate 12, the intermediate layer 16, and the second glass substrate 14 are laminated, but the light-shielding layer 18 is not laminated. As described above, the light-shielding region A2 blocks ultraviolet rays with the light-shielding layer 18. The ultraviolet transmittance of the light-shielding region A2 is lower than that of the region without the light-shielding layer 18 (light-transmitting region A1, far-infrared transmitting region B, and visible light transmitting region C).

[0025] As shown in Figure 4, the visible light transmission region C, like the light-transmitting region A1, is a region in the Z direction where the glass member 10 does not have a light-shielding layer 18. That is, the visible light transmission region C is a region where the first glass substrate 12, the intermediate layer 16, and the second glass substrate 14 are laminated, and the light-shielding layer 18 is not laminated.

[0026] (Far-infrared transmitting unit) The vehicle glass 1 has a far-infrared transmitting unit U. Specifically, the vehicle glass 1 has an opening 19 formed in the glass member 10, and the far-infrared transmitting unit U is provided in the opening 19. The opening 19 is an opening that penetrates from the inner surface 10B (surface 18B in the Z2 direction) of the glass member 10 to the outer surface 10A (surface 12A in the Z1 direction). The opening 19 is formed in the light-shielding region A2a. The light-shielding region A2a surrounds the opening 19. The region where the opening 19 is formed and the far-infrared transmitting unit U is provided is the far-infrared transmitting region B. The far-infrared transmitting region B does not have a light-shielding layer 18. That is, in the far-infrared transmitting region B, the first glass substrate 12, the intermediate layer 16, the second glass substrate 14, and the light-shielding layer 18 are not provided, and the far-infrared transmitting unit U is provided in the formed opening 19.

[0027] The far-infrared transmission unit U comprises a transmission member 20, a frame member 30 provided on the periphery of the transmission member 20, an adhesive layer 50 for bonding the frame member 30 and the glass member 10, and an adhesive layer 52 for bonding the transmission member 20 and the frame member 30. Note that the frame member 30 and the adhesive layers 50 and 52 are not essential components, and the transmission member 20 may be directly attached to the glass member 10. In the following description, when the transmission member 20 is viewed from the Z direction, the direction toward the geometric center of the transmission member 20 (opening 19) may be described as the radially inward direction, and the direction away from the geometric center may be described as the radially outward direction.

[0028] (Transmitting Member) The transmitting member 20 is positioned inside the opening 19 and transmits far-infrared rays. The average transmittance of far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 8 μm to 13 μm is higher for the transmitting member 20 than for the glass member 10. The average transmittance of far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 8 μm to 13 μm is higher for the transmitting member 20 than for the frame member 30. Preferably, the average transmittance of far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 8 μm to 13 μm for the transmitting member 20 is 25% or more, more preferably 40% or more, even more preferably 50% or more, even more preferably 70% or more, and particularly preferably 85% or more. Furthermore, it is preferable that the average transmittance of far-infrared rays with wavelengths of 8 μm to 13 μm for the transmitting member 20 is 100% or less. In order to make the average transmittance of far-infrared rays 85% or more, it is preferable to provide an anti-reflective coating. When the average transmittance of far-infrared rays is within this numerical range, far-infrared rays are transmitted appropriately, and the performance of the far-infrared camera CA1 can be fully demonstrated. Furthermore, the transmittance of far-infrared rays can be measured, for example, using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (manufactured by ThermoScientific, product name: Nicolet iS10).

[0029] The material of the transmission member 20 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include ZnS, Ge, Si, chalcogenide glass, and the like. A preferable composition of the chalcogenide glass is, in atomic percentage, Ge + Ga: 7% to 25%, Sb: 0% to 35%, Bi: 0% to 20%, Zn: 0% to 20%, Sn: 0% to 20%, Si: 0% to 20%, La: 0% to 20%, S + Se + Te: 55% to 80%, Ti: 0.005% to 0.3%, Li + Na + K + Cs: 0% to 20%, F + Cl + Br + I: 0% to 20%. And this glass preferably has a glass transition point (Tg) of 140°C to 550°C. The transmission member 20 more preferably has at least one of Si and Ge as a main component, and still more preferably has Si as a main component. When the transmission member 20 has Si or Ge as a main component, an oxide layer (a layer of silicon oxide or germanium oxide) of its main component may be formed on the surface. Here, the main component in the present embodiment may refer to a content rate of 50% by mass or more with respect to the entire target member, preferably 70% by mass or more, and more preferably 90% by mass or more.

[0030] The transmission member 20 may be coated on the surface 20A on the Z1 direction side or the surface 20B on the Z2 direction side. For example, an antireflection film may be provided on the surface 20A. As the antireflection film, an antireflection film of 3 to 12 layers is preferable, and the material is not particularly limited, but Ge, Si, ZnS, ZnSe, As ｘ S ｙ 、As ｘ Se ｙ 、metal oxide (Al ｘ O ｙ 、Bi ｘ O ｙ 、CeO ｘ 、CuO, HfO ｘ 、MgO, SiO, SiO ｘ 、NiO, TiO, TiO ｘ 、Ti ｘ O ｙ 、Y ｘ O ｙ 、ZrO ｘ), hydrocarbon, diamond-like carbon (DLC), metal fluoride (MgF ｘ , CaF ｘ , SrF ｘ , BaF ｘ , PbF ｘ , LaF ｘ , YF ｘ ) is preferable (x and y are arbitrary positive numbers). From the viewpoint of scratch resistance, the layer on the Z1 direction side of the antireflection film is preferably a film having a Mohs hardness of 7 or more and a high transmittance of far infrared rays. The layer on the Z1 direction side of the antireflection film is particularly preferably a ZrO ｘ film.

[0031] From the viewpoint of strength, the thickness of the transmission member 20 is preferably 1.0 mm or more, more preferably 1.5 mm or more, and even more preferably 2.0 mm or more. The upper limit of the thickness of the transmission member 20 is not particularly limited, but is usually 5.0 mm or less. The thickness here is the length of the transmission member 20 in the Z direction.

[0032] (Frame member) As shown in FIG. 3, the frame member 30 is provided in the opening 19 of the glass member 10 and is a member for fixing the transmission member 20 in the opening 19. Hereinafter, the frame member 30 will be specifically described.

[0033] As shown in FIG. 3, the frame member 30 includes a wall portion 31, a fixing portion 32, and a support portion 33. The wall portion 31 is a portion provided between the inner peripheral surface of the opening 19 and the outer peripheral surface (end surface) 21 of the transmission member 20. The fixing portion 32 is a portion that protrudes radially outward from the wall portion 31 and supports the surface 10B on the Z2 direction side of the glass member 10. The support portion 33 is a portion that protrudes radially inward from the wall portion 31 and supports the surface 20B of the transmission member 20. The frame member 30 may be composed of a single member or a plurality of members. The frame member 30 composed of a plurality of members may include, for example, a first member including the wall portion 31 and the support portion 33, and a second member including the fixing portion 32. The frame member 30 composed of a plurality of members may be composed of, for example, a first member on the Z1 direction side and a second member on the Z2 direction side. The frame member 30 may be composed of three or more members. In the present embodiment, the frame member 30 is composed of a single member including the wall portion 31, the fixing portion 32, and the support portion 33.

[0034] The wall portion 31 is formed in a cylindrical shape surrounding the outer peripheral surface 21 of the transmissive member 20. The wall portion 31 is disposed in the radial direction between the outer peripheral surface 21 of the transmissive member 20 and the inner peripheral surface at the opening 19 of the glass member 10. The length of the wall portion 31 in the Z direction, that is, the length in the Z direction from the end face 31A on the Z1 direction side to the end face 31B on the Z2 direction side of the wall portion 31, is preferably not less than the total thickness of the glass member 10. Further, the end face 31A of the wall portion 31 is exposed on the Z1 direction side (outside the vehicle) within the opening 19. The end face 31A of the wall portion 31 is preferably flush with the surface 10A of the glass member 10. Here, being flush does not necessarily mean that the positions of the end face 31A and the surface 10A in the Z direction exactly coincide, and may refer to the step in the Z direction between the end face 31A and the surface 10A being 0.3 mm or less.

[0035] The step (distance in the Z direction) between the end face 31A of the frame member 30 and the surface 20A of the transmissive member 20 is preferably 0.3 mm or less, more preferably 0.2 mm or less, still more preferably 0.15 mm or less, and even more preferably 0.1 mm or less. The step (distance in the Z direction) between the end face 31A of the frame member 30 and the surface 10A of the glass member 10 is preferably 1.0 mm or less, more preferably 0.5 mm or less, still more preferably 0.3 mm or less, even more preferably 0.15 mm or less, and even more preferably 0.1 mm or less. Thereby, when the wiper wipes the outer surface of the vehicle glass 1, it is possible to suppress the wiper from wearing. The step can be measured, for example, by a laser displacement meter (manufactured by Keyence Corporation, in-line profile measuring instrument: LJ-X8200), from the obtained step profile by irradiating a laser within the region surrounded by a line segment 10 mm radially inward from the inner peripheral edge of the end face 31A of the frame member 30 and a line segment 10 mm radially outward from the outer peripheral edge of the end face 31A of the frame member 30, among the entire regions of the end face 31A of the frame member 30, the surface 10A of the glass member 10, and the surface 20A of the transmissive member 20.

[0036] The support portion 33 is formed to protrude radially inward from the inner circumferential surface of the wall portion 31. The support portion 33 is provided around the entire circumference of the inner circumferential surface of the wall portion 31, in other words, it is ring-shaped (flange-shaped). However, it is not limited to this, and the support portion 33 may be provided only in a portion of the inner circumferential surface of the wall portion 31, and multiple support portions 33 provided in a portion of the surface may be arranged in a circumferential direction.

[0037] The support portion 33 is located on the Z2 side of the end face 31A of the wall portion 31. In the example shown in Figure 3, the support portion 33 is located on the Z2 side of the end face 31A and on the Z1 side of the end face 31B. However, it is not limited to this, and the support portion 33 may be provided over the entire area of ​​the inner circumferential surface of the wall portion 31 on the Z2 side of the end face 31A. In this case, the Z2 side surface of the support portion 33 is at the same position as the end face 31B of the wall portion 31 in the Z direction.

[0038] The support portion 33 extends from the inner circumferential surface of the wall portion 31 to a point radially inward from the outer circumferential surface 21 of the transparent member 20. When the frame member 30 is attached to the transparent member 20, the support portion 33 is positioned on the Z2 direction side with respect to the surface 20B of the transparent member 20 and overlaps with the surface 20B in the Z direction. An adhesive layer 52 is provided between the support portion 33 and the surface 20B of the transparent member 20, and the support portion 33 is bonded to the surface 20B of the transparent member 20 via the adhesive layer 52.

[0039] The fixing portion 32 is formed to protrude radially outward from the outer circumferential surface of the wall portion 31. The fixing portion 32 is located on the Z2 side of the support portion 33; in other words, the fixing portion 32 protrudes radially outward from the Z2 side portion (the end face 31B portion) of the outer circumferential surface of the wall portion 31. The fixing portion 32 is provided around the entire circumference of the outer circumferential surface of the wall portion 31; in other words, it is ring-shaped (flange-shaped). However, it is not limited to this, and the fixing portion 32 may be provided only in a portion of the outer circumferential surface of the wall portion 31, and multiple fixing portions 32 provided in a portion of the surface may be arranged in the circumferential direction.

[0040] The fixing portion 32 extends from the outer peripheral surface of the wall portion 31 to radially outward from the inner peripheral surface of the opening 19 of the glass member 10. When the frame member 30 is attached to the glass member 10, the fixing portion 32 is positioned on the Z2 side relative to the Z2 side surface 10B of the glass member 10 (the surface 18B of the light-shielding layer 18 in the example of Figure 3), and overlaps with the surface 10B in the Z direction. An adhesive layer 50 is provided between the fixing portion 32 and the surface 10B of the glass member 10, and the fixing portion 32 is bonded to the surface 10B of the glass member 10 via the adhesive layer 50.

[0041] The constituent material of the frame member 30 is not particularly limited. At least a portion of the frame member 30 may be made of resins such as ABS (Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) resin, AES (Acrylonitrile ethylene styrene) resin, rigid polyvinyl chloride (rigid PVC), polystyrene (PS), polyamide (PA), polycarbonate (PC), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). When the frame member 30 is made of a thermoplastic resin such as ABS, AES, or rigid polyvinyl chloride, a molding method such as injection molding can be applied. At least a portion of the frame member 30 may be formed from an elastomer such as ethylene propylene monomer (EPDM), flexible polyvinyl chloride (flexible PVC), thermoplastic polyvinyl elastomer (TPVC), thermoplastic polyethylene elastomer (TPE), thermoplastic polyamide elastomer (TPAE), fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), vinylidene fluoride fluororubber (FKM), tetrafluoroethylene-purple vinyl ether fluororubber (FFKM), or silicone rubber. Here, FKM and FFKM are elastomers defined in ASTM:D1418. By using an elastomer as a constituent material of the frame member 30, the watertightness between the glass member 10 and the permeable member 20 can be improved.Furthermore, at least a portion of the frame member 30 may be formed from a fluororesin such as ETFE (Ethylene tetrafluoroethylene) or PFA (Perfluoroalkoxy alkanes). ETFE is a copolymer having units derived from ethylene and units derived from tetrafluoroethylene. ETFE may further contain units derived from a monomer having adhesive functional groups as a third component. PFA is a copolymer having units derived from tetrafluoroethylene and units derived from perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ether). PFA may further contain units derived from a monomer having adhesive functional groups as a third component. ETFE and PFA are preferred as constituent materials for the frame member 30 due to their excellent moldability, and the adhesion is further improved by including an adhesive third component. As the monomer having adhesive functional groups, monomers having carboxyl groups, acid anhydride groups, or carboxylic acid halide groups are preferred, and unsaturated dicarboxylic acid anhydrides are more preferred. Examples of unsaturated dicarboxylic acid anhydrides include itaconic anhydride, citraconic anhydride, 5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid anhydride (Hymic anhydride), and maleic anhydride. Monomers having adhesive functional groups may have one adhesive functional group alone or two or more. ETFE may optionally have units derived from ethylene, TFE, and other monomers other than monomers having adhesive functional groups. Examples of other monomers include fluoroolefins (excluding tetrafluoroethylene) and fluoro(alkyl vinyl ethers). PFA may optionally have units derived from TFE, perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ethers), and other monomers other than monomers having adhesive functional groups. Examples of other monomers include fluoroolefins (excluding tetrafluoroethylene). Furthermore, the frame member 30 is preferably black. This improves aesthetics.

[0042] Furthermore, the adhesive layers 50 and 52 are layers composed of resin adhesives. The adhesive layers 50 and 52 are preferably cured urethane adhesives or modified silicone adhesives, and more preferably cured urethane adhesives. The constituent material of the adhesive layer 52 is not particularly limited. For example, the adhesive layer 52 is preferably cured urethane adhesive or modified silicone adhesive, and more preferably an adhesive that can be applied as a primer when integrally molding (insert molding) the permeable member 20 and the frame member 30. The adhesive layer 52 is even more preferably composed of a silane coupling agent. The silane coupling agent is a compound containing silicon and having an organic reaction site that reacts with an organic material and an inorganic reaction site that reacts with an inorganic material.

[0043] (Opening of the glass member) Next, the opening 19 of the glass member 10 into which the far-infrared transmission unit U described above is inserted will be described in detail. Figure 5 is a schematic enlarged cross-sectional view of the glass member according to this embodiment. Figure 5 shows a cross-section of the glass member 10 perpendicular to the direction perpendicular to the Z direction (the X direction in this example) and passing through the center of the opening 19. In this embodiment, the center refers to the geometric center, or in other words, the centroid. For example, the center of the opening 19 is the geometric center (centroid) of the opening 19 as viewed from the Z direction.

[0044] In this embodiment, the shape of the opening 19 when viewed from the Z direction is circular, but its shape may be arbitrary, and it may be elliptical or polygonal (for example, trapezoidal).

[0045] Length DB is defined as the length of the longest straight line connecting any two points on the periphery of the opening 19 on the Z1 side. In this case, it is preferable that length DB is 84 mm or less. It is more preferable that length DB is 74 mm or less, even more preferable that it is 69 mm or less, and even more preferable that it is 54 mm or less. It is preferable that length DB is 29 mm or more, more preferably 34 mm or more, and even more preferable that it is 39 mm or more. The upper and lower limits of length DB listed here can be combined as appropriate. Note that if the shape of the periphery of the opening 19 on the Z1 side is circular, length DB is the length corresponding to the diameter of the periphery of the opening 19. Here, length DB refers to the length of the vehicle glass 1 when it is mounted on the vehicle V. For example, if the glass is bent to form the shape for mounting on the vehicle V, length DB will be the length in the state after bending. The same applies to the explanation of dimensions and positions other than length DB unless otherwise specified.

[0046] (Inner and Outer Regions) As shown in Figure 5, the inner circumferential surface of the opening 19 of the glass member 10 is defined as the inner circumferential surface 19C. The region of the inner circumferential surface 19C that includes the region on the Z2 direction side is defined as the inner region 14C, and the region of the inner circumferential surface 19C that includes the region on the Z1 direction side is defined as the outer region 12C. The outer region 12C is the region that is on the Z1 direction side of the inner region 14C. In this embodiment, the inner circumferential surface of the opening 14a of the second glass substrate 14 is the inner region 14C, and the inner circumferential surface of the opening 12a of the first glass substrate 12 is the outer region 12C. In addition, in this embodiment, since an intermediate layer 16 is provided between the first glass substrate 12 and the second glass substrate 14, the inner circumferential surface 19C includes an intermediate region 16C, which is the inner circumferential surface of the intermediate layer 16, between the inner region 14C and the outer region 12C.

[0047] In this embodiment, the inner region 14C is chamfered at its periphery on the Z2 direction side. That is, the inner region 14C includes a side portion 14C1 and a chamfered portion 14C2. The side portion 14C1 is the radially innermost surface of the inner region 14C. The side portion 14C1 may be flat or curved when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the Z direction, i.e., in a cross-sectional view as shown in Figure 5. The chamfered portion 14C2 is a chamfered surface that connects the surface 10B of the glass member 10 (in this example, the surface 14B of the second glass substrate 14) and the side portion 14C1. The chamfered portion 14C2 is inclined radially outward as it approaches the Z2 direction. The chamfered portion 14C2 is flat (i.e., C-chamfer) when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the Z direction, i.e., in a cross-sectional view as shown in Figure 5, but is not limited to this, and may be curved (i.e., R-chamfer). However, the inner region 14C is not limited to including the chamfered portion 14C2, and may have a shape that does not include the chamfered portion 14C2 and includes only the side portion 14C1.

[0048] Similarly, in this embodiment, the outer region 12C is chamfered at its periphery on the Z1 direction side. That is, the outer region 12C includes a side portion 12C1 and a chamfered portion 12C2. The side portion 12C1 is the radially innermost surface of the outer region 12C. The side portion 12C1 may be flat or curved when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the Z direction, i.e., in a cross-sectional view as shown in Figure 5. The chamfered portion 12C2 is a chamfered surface that connects the surface 10A of the glass member 10 (the surface 12A of the first glass substrate 12 in this example) and the side portion 12C1. The chamfered portion 12C2 is inclined radially outward as it approaches the Z1 direction. The chamfered portion 12C2 is flat (i.e., C-chamfer) when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the Z direction, i.e., in a cross-sectional view as shown in Figure 5, but is not limited to this, and may be curved (i.e., R-chamfer). However, the outer region 12C is not limited to including the chamfered portion 12C2, and may have a shape that does not include the chamfered portion 12C2 and includes only the side portion 12C1.

[0049] Furthermore, if the glass member 10 is not laminated glass but is made of a single glass substrate, the entire inner circumferential surface 19C of the opening of the single glass substrate may be designated as the inner region 14C. In other words, in this case, the inner circumferential surface 19C does not need to include the outer region 12C or the intermediate region 16C. Also, if the glass member 10 is made of three or more glass substrates, the inner circumferential surface of the glass substrate closest to the Z2 direction may be designated as the inner region 14C, and the inner circumferential surface of the glass substrate closest to the Z1 direction may be designated as the outer region 12C.

[0050] The inner circumferential surface 19C of the opening 19 in the glass member 10 may be formed by any manufacturing method, but one example will be described below. For example, a rough opening, which is an opening that penetrates from surface 10A to surface 10B, is formed in the glass member 10 in which the opening 19 has not yet been formed, using a tool such as a so-called core drill having an annular cutting edge. Then, in this example, the inner circumferential surface of the rough opening in the glass member 10 is formed by grinding with a rotary grinding wheel. As a result, the entire inner circumferential surface of the rough opening is ground, and an opening 19 (rough opening after grinding) is formed in the glass member 10, in which the inner circumferential surface 19C has the above shape (i.e., an inner region 14C and an outer region 12C are formed). However, it is not limited to forming the opening 19 by grinding the entire area of ​​the rough opening, but it is also possible to form the opening 19 by grinding only a part of the rough opening. For example, the opening 19 may be formed by grinding only the periphery of the surface 10B (14B) of the rough opening with a rotary grinding wheel to form a chamfered portion 12C2 in the rough opening. The grinding surface, which is the outer surface of the rotating grinding wheel, has annular grinding grooves extending in the circumferential direction. The grinding surface may contain abrasive grains such as alumina, silicon carbide, or diamond. The grit size of the abrasive grains (JIS R 6001) is not particularly limited, but can be selected from a range such as #200 to #2000. The rotating grinding wheel rotates around its centerline and moves relative to the end of the glass member 10, grinding the inner surface of the rough opening of the glass member 10 with the grinding surface of the rotating grinding wheel. A cooling liquid such as water or water-soluble grinding oil may be used during grinding. In this embodiment, the grinding surface of the rotating grinding wheel has a shape that corresponds to at least the shape of the inner surface 19C of the desired opening 19 of the glass member 10. Such a rotating grinding wheel can be obtained, for example, as a custom-made product. By grinding and chamfering the inner surface of the rough opening of the glass member 10 using the rotating grinding wheel, a glass member 10 with the above-described opening 19 is obtained.

[0051] To obtain the glass member 10 described above, it is preferable to first roughly machine the inner circumferential surface of the rough opening of the glass member 10 using a rotary grinding wheel with a coarse grit, and then finish machining it using a rotary grinding wheel with a fine grit. Alternatively, grinding may be performed using a grinding tool other than a rotary grinding wheel, as long as the glass member 10 described above can be obtained. However, from the viewpoint of productivity, a rotary grinding wheel is preferred.

[0052] (Inner Region) Here, depending on the surface properties of the inner circumferential surface 19C of the opening 19, the glass member 10 is at increased risk of breaking starting from the inner circumferential surface 19C of the opening 19. More specifically, the glass member 10 is at even higher risk of breaking starting from the inner region 14C of the inner circumferential surface 19C. For example, if a foreign object collides with the outer surface 10A of the glass member 10, tensile stress acts on the inner surface 10B, increasing the risk of breakage starting from the inner region 14C close to surface 10B. Also, for example, an adhesive layer 50 may be provided on the surface 10B of the glass member 10 to fix the frame member 30, and the stress generated by the difference in linear expansion between the adhesive layer 50 and the glass member 10 increases the risk of breakage starting from the inner region 14C close to surface 10B. In contrast, in this embodiment, by improving the surface properties of the inner region 14C as described below, breakage starting from the opening 19 can be suppressed.

[0053] The maximum height Sz of the inner region 14C is 25 μm or less, preferably 20 μm or less, and more preferably 10 μm or less. The lower limit of the maximum height Sz of the inner region 14C is preferably 1 μm or more. In this embodiment, the lower limit and upper limit may be combined as appropriate. By setting the upper limit of the maximum height Sz of the inner region 14C within this range, the inner region 14C can be made smooth, stress concentration can be suppressed, and damage originating from the opening 19 can be suppressed. Furthermore, by setting the lower limit of the maximum height Sz of the inner region 14C within this range, the outer surface of the frame member 30 inserted into the opening 19 (or the outer surface of the transparent member 20 if the transparent member 20 is directly inserted) can be made less slippery, and the frame member 30 and the transparent member 20 can be properly held. Note that setting the maximum height Sz of the inner region 14C within this range can be achieved, for example, by polishing the inner region 14C under appropriate conditions. If the inner region 14C includes a side portion 14C1 and a chamfered portion 14C2, it is preferable that the maximum height Sz is within the above range in both the side portion 14C1 and the chamfered portion 14C2. The maximum height Sz can be measured by a method in accordance with ISO 25178.

[0054] The size of the chipping in the inner region 14C is 0.3 mm or less, preferably 0.2 mm or less, and more preferably 0.1 mm or less. The lower limit of the size of the chipping in the inner region 14C is preferably as small as possible, but may be 0.02 mm or more, and may be 0.05 mm or more. By setting the size of the chipping in the inner region 14C within this range, stress concentration can be suppressed, and damage originating from the opening 19 can be suppressed. Here, the size of the chipping refers to the depth of the depression (recess) in the chipping if it is a depression (recess) from the inner region 14C, and the length of the protrusion of the chipping from the inner region 14C if it protrudes from the inner region 14C. Furthermore, the above range of chipping size refers to the size of the largest chip among the chips in the inner region 14C. The size of the chipping can be measured, for example, by observing the target region (in this example, the inner region 14C) with a microscope. The size of the chipping in the inner region 14C can be set to this range, for example, by polishing the inner region 14C under appropriate conditions. If the inner region 14C includes a side portion 14C1 and a chamfered portion 14C2, it is preferable that the size of the chipping is within the above range in both the side portion 14C1 and the chamfered portion 14C2. The size of the chipping may also be measured by finding the chip with the longest diameter and taking that diameter as the size of the chipping. The diameter is the longest distance between two points in the target region (in this example, the inner region 14C). The size of the chipping can be measured, for example, by observing the chip with the longest diameter present in the target region (in this example, the inner region 14C) with a microscope.

[0055] The crack depth in the inner region 14C is preferably 40 μm or less, more preferably 30 μm or less, and even more preferably 25 μm or less. The smaller the crack depth in the inner region 14C, the better, but it may be 5 μm or more, and may be 15 μm or more. By setting the crack depth in the inner region 14C within this range, damage originating from the opening 19 can be suppressed. This can be achieved, for example, by polishing the inner region 14C under appropriate conditions. If the inner region 14C includes a side portion 14C1 and a chamfered portion 14C2, it is preferable that the crack depth in both the side portion 14C1 and the chamfered portion 14C2 is within the above range.

[0056] The depth of a crack can be measured, for example, by the following method: The glass member 10 is cut so that the target area (in this example, the inner area 14C) is exposed, the target area (in this example, the inner area 14C) is polished to a predetermined extent, washed and dried, and the processed altered layer, which has become a circular or elliptical pit due to etching, is observed with an optical microscope. Here, "processed altered layer" refers to the depth of brittle fracture that occurred in the processed area during processing steps such as chamfering and grinding. As the optical microscope, an Olympus laser microscope LEXT OLS5000 may be used, with a 50x objective lens, and observation may be performed with an observation field of view of 258 μm × 258 μm. This process (checking for latent defects by polishing and etching) is repeated several times, and the thickness removed by polishing and etching of the inner area 14C when no circular or elliptical pits are observed in the evaluation area at the same location is taken as the depth of the crack at that location. Note that "etching" may be performed at room temperature (25°C) by immersing the entire glass plate in the etching solution. As the etching solution, an aqueous solution containing 5% by mass of hydrofluoric acid (HF) and 95% by mass of pure water may be used.

[0057] The length D1a of the chamfered portion 14C2 of the inner region 14C in the Z direction is preferably 0.5 mm or less, more preferably 0.4 mm or less, and even more preferably 0.3 mm or less. The length D1a is preferably 0.05 mm or more, more preferably 0.1 mm or more, and even more preferably 0.2 mm or more. Furthermore, the length D1b of the chamfered portion 14C2 of the inner region 14C in the radial direction is preferably 0.5 mm or less, more preferably 0.4 mm or less, and even more preferably 0.3 mm or less. The length D1b is preferably 0.05 mm or more, more preferably 0.1 mm or more, and even more preferably 0.2 mm or more. By having lengths D1a and D1b of the chamfered portion 14C2 within this range, damage from the edge in the Z2 direction of the opening 19 of the glass member 10 can be appropriately suppressed. Length D1a can also be described as the length in the Z direction from the boundary between the chamfered portion 14C2 and the side portion 14C1 (for example, the intersection point of the line along the chamfered portion 14C2 and the line along the side portion 14C1 in the cross-sectional view of Figure 5) to the surface 10B of the glass member 10. Length D1b can also be described as the length in the radial direction from the boundary between the chamfered portion 14C2 and the surface 10B (for example, the intersection point of the line along the chamfered portion 14C2 and the line along the surface 10B in the cross-sectional view of Figure 5) to the side portion 14C1.

[0058] An R-chamfer (curved chamfer) may be formed between the chamfered portion 14C2 and the surface 10B. In this case, the radius of curvature of the portion between the chamfered portion 14C2 and the surface 10B is preferably 0.5 mm or less, more preferably 0.4 mm or less, and even more preferably 0.3 mm or less. The radius of curvature of the portion between the chamfered portion 14C2 and the surface 10B is preferably 0.05 mm or more, more preferably 0.1 mm or more, and even more preferably 0.2 mm or more. By having the radius of curvature of the R-chamfer within this range, damage from the edge between the chamfered portion 14C2 and the surface 10B can be appropriately suppressed.

[0059] (Outer Region) The maximum height Sz of the outer region 12C is preferably 25 μm or less, more preferably 20 μm or less, and even more preferably 10 μm or less. The maximum height Sz of the outer region 12C is preferably 1 μm or more, and more preferably 5 μm or more. By setting the upper limit of the maximum height Sz of the outer region 12C within this range, the outer region 12C can be made smooth, stress concentration can be suppressed, and damage originating from the opening 19 can be suppressed. Furthermore, by setting the lower limit of the maximum height Sz of the outer region 12C within this range, the outer surface of the frame member 30 inserted into the opening 19 (or the outer surface of the transparent member 20 if the transparent member 20 is inserted directly) can be made less slippery, and the frame member 30 and the transparent member 20 can be properly held. If the outer region 12C includes a side portion 12C1 and a chamfered portion 12C2, it is preferable that the maximum height Sz of both the side portion 12C1 and the chamfered portion 12C2 be within the above range.

[0060] Furthermore, the ratio of the maximum height Sz of the inner region 14C to the maximum height Sz of the outer region 12C (Sz of the inner region / Sz of the outer region) is preferably 100% or less, more preferably 80% or less, and even more preferably 60% or less. The ratio of the maximum height Sz of the inner region 14C to the maximum height Sz of the outer region 12C (Sz of the inner region / Sz of the outer region) is preferably 4% or more, more preferably 20% or more, and even more preferably 40% or more. By having the ratio of the maximum height Sz within this range, damage originating from the inner region 14C can be suppressed while the frame member 30 and the transparent member 20 can be properly held in the outer region 12C.

[0061] The size of the chipping in the outer region 12C is preferably 0.3 mm or less, more preferably 0.2 mm or less, and even more preferably 0.1 mm or less. The smaller the chipping size in the outer region 12C, the better, but it may be 0.05 mm or more, and may be 0.01 mm or more. By setting the chipping size in the outer region 12C within this range, stress concentration can be suppressed, and damage originating from the opening 19 can be suppressed. If the outer region 12C includes a side portion 12C1 and a chamfered portion 12C2, it is preferable that the chipping size in both the side portion 12C1 and the chamfered portion 12C2 is within the above range.

[0062] Furthermore, the ratio of the size of chipping in the inner region 14C to the size of chipping in the outer region 12C (inner region chipping / outer region chipping) is preferably 100% or less, more preferably 75% or less, and even more preferably 50% or less. The ratio of the size of chipping in the inner region 14C to the size of chipping in the outer region 12C (inner region chipping / outer region chipping) is preferably 10% or more, more preferably 20% or more, and even more preferably 30% or more. By having a chipping ratio within this range, damage can be appropriately suppressed.

[0063] The crack depth in the outer region 12C is preferably 40 μm or less, preferably 30 μm or less, and more preferably 25 μm or less. The smaller the crack depth in the outer region 12C, the better, but it may be 10 μm or more, and may be 15 μm or more. By setting the crack depth in the outer region 12C within this range, damage originating from the opening 19 can be suppressed. If the outer region 12C includes a side portion 12C1 and a chamfered portion 12C2, it is preferable that the crack depth in both the side portion 12C1 and the chamfered portion 12C2 be within the above range.

[0064] Furthermore, the ratio of the crack depth in the inner region 14C to the crack depth in the outer region 12C (cracks in the inner region / cracks in the outer region) is preferably 100% or less, more preferably 75% or less, and even more preferably 50% or less. The ratio of the crack depth in the inner region 14C to the crack depth in the outer region 12C (cracks in the inner region / cracks in the outer region) is preferably 10% or more, more preferably 25% or more, and even more preferably 30% or more. By having the crack depth ratio within this range, damage can be appropriately suppressed.

[0065] The length D2a of the chamfered portion 12C2 of the outer region 12C in the Z direction is preferably 0.3 mm or less, more preferably 0.25 mm or less, and even more preferably 0.2 mm or less. The length D2a is preferably 0.05 mm or more, more preferably 0.1 mm or more, and even more preferably 0.15 mm or more. Furthermore, the length D2b of the chamfered portion 12C2 of the outer region 12C in the radial direction is preferably 0.3 mm or less, more preferably 0.25 mm or less, and even more preferably 0.2 mm or less. The length D2b is preferably 0.05 mm or more, more preferably 0.1 mm or more, and even more preferably 0.15 mm or more. By having the lengths D2a and D2b of the chamfered portion 12C2 within this range, damage from the edge in the Z2 direction of the opening 19 of the glass member 10 can be appropriately suppressed. Length D2a can also be described as the length in the Z direction from the boundary between the chamfered portion 12C2 and the side portion 12C1 (for example, the intersection point of the line along the chamfered portion 12C2 and the line along the side portion 12C1 in the cross-sectional view of Figure 5) to the surface 10A of the glass member 10. Length D2b can also be described as the length in the radial direction from the boundary between the chamfered portion 12C2 and the surface 10A (for example, the intersection point of the line along the chamfered portion 12C2 and the line along the surface 10A in the cross-sectional view of Figure 5) to the side portion 12C1.

[0066] The ratio of the length D1a of the chamfered portion 14C2 to the length D2a of the chamfered portion 12C2 (length D1a / length D2a) is preferably 500% or less, more preferably 400% or less, and even more preferably 300% or less. The ratio of the length D1a of the chamfered portion 14C2 to the length D2a of the chamfered portion 12C2 (length D1a / length D2a) is preferably 100% or more, more preferably 150% or more, and even more preferably 200% or more. The ratio of the length D1b of the chamfered portion 14C2 to the length D2b of the chamfered portion 12C2 (length D1b / length D2b) is preferably 500% or less, more preferably 400% or less, and even more preferably 300% or less. The ratio of the length D1b of the chamfered portion 14C2 to the length D2b of the chamfered portion 12C2 (length D1b / length D2b) is preferably 100% or more, more preferably 150% or more, and even more preferably 200% or more. By having the length ratio of the chamfered portion within this range, damage can be appropriately suppressed.

[0067] An R-chamfer (curved chamfer) may be formed between the chamfered portion 12C2 and the surface 10A. In this case, the radius of curvature of the portion between the chamfered portion 12C2 and the surface 10A is preferably 0.3 mm or less, more preferably 0.25 mm or less, and even more preferably 0.2 mm or less. The radius of curvature of the portion between the chamfered portion 12C2 and the surface 10A is preferably 0.05 mm or more, more preferably 0.10 mm or more, and even more preferably 0.15 mm or more. By having the radius of curvature of the R-chamfer within this range, damage from the edge between the chamfered portion 12C2 and the surface 10A can be appropriately suppressed.

[0068] (Far-infrared transmission region) Next, the far-infrared transmission region B will be described. As shown in Figure 2, the far-infrared transmission region B is formed near the upper edge 1a of the vehicle glass 1 in the Y direction and near the center of the vehicle glass 1 in the X direction. The opening 19 and the transmission member 20 are formed near the upper edge 1a of the vehicle glass 1 in the Y direction and near the center of the vehicle glass 1 in the X direction.

[0069] As shown in Figure 3, it is preferable that the length DA of the longest straight line connecting any two points in the Z1 direction plane of the transmitting member 20 in the far-infrared transmission region B is 80 mm or less. Preferably, the length DA is 70 mm or less, more preferably 65 mm or less, and even more preferably 50 mm or less. Preferably, the length DA is 25 mm or more, more preferably 30 mm or more, and even more preferably 35 mm or more. By setting the length DA of the transmitting member 20 and the length DB of the opening 19 within the above ranges, it is possible to suppress the reduction in strength of the vehicle glass 1 while maintaining the image quality of the far-infrared camera CA1, and also suppress the amount of transparency distortion around the opening 19. Furthermore, considering the expansion of each material within the operating temperature range, appropriate lengths DA and DB are determined so that distortion does not occur. In addition, as a countermeasure against distortion due to expansion, a gap may be provided in advance. If the shape of the Z1 direction plane of the transmitting member 20 is circular, the length DA is the length corresponding to the diameter of the Z1 direction plane.

[0070] (Visible Light Transmission Region) Next, the visible light transmission region C will be described. As shown in Figure 2, it is preferable that the visible light transmission region C be located near the far-infrared transmission region B. Specifically, the center of the far-infrared transmission region B as viewed from the Z direction is defined as the center point OB, and the center of the visible light transmission region C as viewed from the Z direction is defined as the center point OC. If the shortest distance between the far-infrared transmission region B (aperture 19) and the visible light transmission region C as viewed from the Z direction is defined as distance L, then it is preferable that distance L is greater than 0 mm and 100 mm or less, and more preferably 10 mm or more and 80 mm or less. By positioning the visible light transmission region C within this range relative to the far-infrared transmission region B, it is possible to capture images at close range with the far-infrared camera CA1 and the visible light camera CA2, while suppressing the amount of transmission distortion in the visible light transmission region C, and enabling the visible light camera CA2 to capture images appropriately. By capturing images of nearby locations with the far-infrared camera CA1 and the visible-light camera CA2, the processing load on the data obtained from each camera is reduced, and the routing of power and signal cables is also optimized.

[0071] It is preferable that the visible light transmission region C and the far-infrared transmission region B are located side by side in the X direction. That is, it is preferable that the visible light transmission region C is not located on the Y-direction side of the far-infrared transmission region B, but is aligned with the far-infrared transmission region B in the X direction. By arranging the visible light transmission region C side by side with the far-infrared transmission region B in the X direction, the visible light transmission region C can be positioned near the upper edge 1a. Therefore, the driver's field of view in the light-transmitting region A1 can be appropriately secured.

[0072] Preferably, the visible light transmission region C is located near the upper edge 1a in the Y direction and near the far infrared transmission region B in the X direction, similar to the far infrared transmission region B. By positioning the visible light transmission region C in this location, it is possible to capture images of close positions with the far infrared camera CA1 and the visible light camera CA2, while suppressing the amount of transmission distortion in the visible light transmission region C, allowing the visible light camera CA2 to capture images appropriately.

[0073] (Camera Unit Configuration) Next, the configuration of the camera unit 100, more specifically, an example of the configuration when the far-infrared camera CA1 is attached to the vehicle glass 1, will be described. Figure 6 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration when the far-infrared camera is attached to the vehicle glass.

[0074] As shown in Figure 6, the far-infrared camera CA1 is mounted on the vehicle glass 1 so as to be able to capture an external thermal image through the far-infrared transmission region B of the vehicle glass 1. The far-infrared camera CA1 is installed inside the vehicle V (inside the vehicle) at a position facing the far-infrared transmission region B. The type of far-infrared camera CA1 is not particularly limited, and any known far-infrared camera can be used. As shown in Figure 6, the far-infrared camera CA1 is mounted on the vehicle glass 1 by, for example, a bracket 40. The far-infrared camera CA1 is usually mounted so that the optical axis LX is approximately horizontal.

[0075] The visible light camera CA2 is mounted on the vehicle glass 1 so that it can capture images of the outside through the visible light transmission area C of the vehicle glass 1. The visible light camera CA2 is installed inside the vehicle V (inside the vehicle) at a position facing the visible light transmission area C. It is preferable that the visible light camera CA2 is mounted so that the optical axis LX of the far infrared camera CA1 and the optical axis of the visible light camera CA2 are approximately parallel. Approximately parallel is a concept that includes not only cases where these optical axes are perfectly parallel, but also cases where they are slightly deviated from parallel by an error margin. By doing so, the optical axis LX of the far infrared camera CA1 and the center of the field of view of the visible light camera CA2 almost coincide, which is preferable when combining images obtained from these cameras for information processing.

[0076] (Effects) As described above, the vehicle glass 1 according to the first aspect of this disclosure comprises a glass member 10 having an opening 19 that penetrates from the surface 10A on the first direction (Z1 direction) side in the thickness direction (Z direction) to the surface 10B on the second direction (Z2 direction) side opposite to the first direction, and a transparent member 20 provided in the opening 19 that transmits far-infrared rays. The maximum height Sz of the inner region 14C, including the region on the Z2 direction side of the inner circumferential surface 19C of the opening 19 of the glass member 10, is 25 μm or less, and the chipping size of the inner region 14C is 0.3 mm or less. According to this disclosure, by having the maximum height Sz of the inner region 14C and the chipping size within this range, damage originating from the opening 19 can be suppressed.

[0077] The vehicle glass 1 according to the second aspect of this disclosure is the vehicle glass 1 according to the first aspect, wherein the crack depth in the inner region 14C is 40 μm or less. According to this disclosure, by having the crack depth in the inner region 14C within this range, damage originating from the opening 19 can be suppressed.

[0078] A vehicle glass 1 according to a third aspect of this disclosure is a vehicle glass 1 according to the first or second aspect, wherein the inner region 14C includes a side portion 14C1 and a chamfered portion 14C2 connecting the side portion 14C1 and the surface 10B of the glass member 10, and the length D1a of the chamfered portion 14C2 in the Z direction is 0.05 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less. According to this disclosure, by providing a chamfered portion 14C2 of such size, damage originating from the opening 19 can be suppressed.

[0079] The vehicle glass 1 according to the fourth aspect of this disclosure is the vehicle glass 1 according to the first to third aspects, wherein the glass member 10 is a laminated glass having a first glass substrate 12, a second glass substrate 14 located on the Z2 side of the first glass substrate 12, and an intermediate layer 16 provided between the first glass substrate 12 and the second glass substrate 14, and the inner region 14C is the inner circumferential surface of the opening 14a of the second glass substrate 14. According to this disclosure, by setting the maximum height Sz of the inner circumferential surface of the second glass substrate 14 and the size of chipping within this range, damage originating from the opening 19 can be suppressed.

[0080] The vehicle glass 1 according to the fifth aspect of this disclosure is the vehicle glass 1 according to the fourth aspect, wherein the maximum height Sz of the outer region 12C, which is the inner circumferential surface of the opening 12a of the first glass substrate 12, is 25 μm or less, and the chipping size of the outer region 12C is 0.3 mm or less. According to this disclosure, by setting the maximum height Sz of the inner circumferential surface of the first glass substrate 12 and the chipping size within this range, damage originating from the opening 19 can be suppressed.

[0081] The vehicle glass 1 according to the sixth aspect of this disclosure is the vehicle glass 1 according to the fifth aspect, wherein the crack depth in the outer region 12C is 30 μm or less. According to this disclosure, by setting the crack depth of the inner circumferential surface of the first glass substrate 12 to this range, damage originating from the opening 19 can be suppressed.

[0082] The vehicle glass 1 according to the seventh aspect of this disclosure is the vehicle glass 1 according to the first to sixth aspects, wherein the length of the longest straight line DB connecting any two points on the periphery on the Z1 side of the opening 19 is 29 mm or more and 84 mm or less. By making the opening 19 of this size, far-infrared rays can be appropriately taken into the vehicle interior while maintaining the strength of the glass member 10.

[0083] (Examples) Examples of the present disclosure are described below, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Table 1 shows the configuration of the glass member and the evaluation results for each example.

[0084]

[0085] (Example 1) In this example, a glass component was prepared in which a first glass substrate (soda-lime glass) with a thickness of 2 mm, an intermediate layer (PVB) with a thickness of 0.76 mm, and a second glass substrate (soda-lime glass) with a thickness of 2 mm were laminated in this order. Then, a circular rough opening with a diameter of 51.5 mm was formed in this glass component by machining. Furthermore, by grinding the entire inner surface of the rough opening in the glass component using a custom-made rotary grinding wheel with a specific grinding surface, an opening including a chamfered portion with a length in the thickness direction of 0.2 mm and a width in the radial direction of 0.2 mm was formed on the second glass substrate side. The diameter D1 of the rotary grinding wheel was 20 mm. The abrasive grains on the grinding surface of the rotary grinding wheel were diamond with a grit size of #400. Grinding was performed wet. Cooling liquid was used during grinding. The flow rate of the cooling liquid during grinding was 30 L per minute.

[0086] For the glass members obtained as described above, the maximum height Sz, chipping size, and crack depth on the inner circumferential surface (inner region) of the opening of the second glass substrate were measured using the method described in this embodiment.

[0087] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the embodiments are not limited to those described herein. Furthermore, the aforementioned components include those that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art, those that are substantially the same, and those that fall within the so-called equivalent range. Moreover, the aforementioned components can be combined as appropriate. Furthermore, various omissions, substitutions, or modifications of the components can be made without departing from the spirit of the embodiments described above.

[0088] 1 Vehicle glass 10 Glass component 12 First glass substrate 12C Outer region 14 Second glass substrate 14C Inner region 19 Opening 19C Inner circumferential surface 20 Transmitting member 30 Frame member

Claims

1. A glass member having an opening formed therein that penetrates from the surface on the first direction side in the thickness direction to the surface on the second direction side opposite to the first direction; and a transparent member provided within the opening that transmits far-infrared rays, wherein the maximum height Sz of the inner region of the inner circumferential surface of the opening of the glass member, including the region on the second direction side, is 25 μm or less, and the size of the chipping in the inner region is 0.3 mm or less, for use in vehicles.

2. The depth of the crack in the inner region is 40 μm or less, as described in claim 1, for vehicle glass.

3. The vehicle glass according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the inner region includes a side portion and a chamfered portion connecting the side portion and the surface of the glass member on the second direction side, and the length of the chamfered portion in the thickness direction is 0.05 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less.

4. The glass member is a laminated glass having a first glass substrate, a second glass substrate located on the second side of the first glass substrate, and an intermediate layer provided between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate, wherein the inner region is the inner circumferential surface of the opening of the second glass substrate, as described in claim 1 or claim 2.

5. The vehicle glass according to claim 4, wherein the maximum height Sz of the outer region of the inner circumferential surface of the opening of the first glass substrate is 25 μm or less, and the size of the chipping in the outer region is 0.3 mm or less.

6. The vehicle glass according to claim 5, wherein the depth of the crack in the outer region is 40 μm or less.

7. The vehicle glass according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the length of the longest straight line connecting any two points on the periphery of the opening on the first direction side is 29 mm or more and 84 mm or less.

Images