A holder for a flexible endoscope
The endoscope holder with a funnel and mechanical arm system addresses the challenge of manual repositioning in robotic surgery, facilitating smooth transitions and improving surgical precision by stabilizing the endoscope controller.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-16
AI Technical Summary
The challenge in robotic-assisted endoscopic surgery is the manual repositioning of the endoscope, which disrupts the surgeon's control over robotic instruments, making it difficult to alternate between manual and robotic operations effectively.
A holder for the endoscope controller that provides six degrees of freedom through a funnel and mechanical arm, allowing for stable, mid-air positioning and easy switching between manual and robotic control, with locking mechanisms for immobilization and quick-release features.
Enables seamless transition between manual and robotic control of the endoscope, reducing surgeon fatigue and enhancing surgical precision by maintaining consistent endoscope positioning during procedures.
Smart Images

Figure CN2025126518_16042026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
A HOLDER FOR A FLEXIBLE ENDOSCOPEField Of Invention
[0001] The present invention relates to positioning systems for medical instruments, such as endoscope, used in minimally invasive surgery.Background
[0002] A regular endoscope of the flexible sort is designed primarily for providing a view into bodily cavities and, therefore, is not provided with functions and features that would have made the endoscope a surgical instrument. However, third-parties have designed and provided accessories attach-able to suction channels in regular endoscopes, which add surgical functions to the endoscope. These channels were original intended for sampling and dispensing fluids from and into the bodily cavities, but the accessories have been so successful that the channels are called instrument channels or biopsy channels.
[0003] An endoscope can be inserted into a bodily cavity so that different surgical instruments can be inserted through the same biopsy channels multiple times to access and work on the surgical target. This limits the exposure of and contact with irrelevant parts of the bodily cavity and minimizes unnecessary trauma.
[0004] A colonoscopy is a particular type of endoscope, which is inserted through the anus into the large intestines, by the surgeon executing standardized manoeuvres such as “jiggling” , “tugging” and “pushing” to move and bend the endoscope about the intestinal folds. Once the endoscope has reached the desired depth, surgical instruments may be threaded into and retracted from a biopsy channel that opens on the controller for the proximal end and on the endoscope tip for the distal. An assistant holds and keeps the controller steady during surgical instrument changes, or the controller is placed on a table near the inserted anus or on the patient’s bed. The surgeon picks up the controller whenever he needs to re-position the tip of the endoscope to access more of the surgical target.
[0005] The randomness of the irregular putting down and picking up of the controller and the need to reposition the endoscope has appeared to some observers that robot assisted endoscopic surgery of the gastrointestinal tract is unconceivable. Hence, it may appear to be even more troublesome for the surgeon to alternate between manual re-positioning of the endoscope and placing the endoscope in a suitable position undisturbed for the surgeon to operate the robotic instruments.
[0006] Therefore, it is desirable to provide a device, method or both that allows the surgeon to switch between taking full control of the endoscope and letting the surgeon remotely control the robotic surgical instrument without disturbance.Summary of the Invention
[0007] In a first aspect, the invention proposes a holder for an endoscope, comprising a funnel for holding onto the controller of the endoscope; a support connected to the funnel to keep the funnel lifted from the ground; the funnel providing the controller freedom to rotate about the axis of the controller.
[0008] Preferably, the holder comprises a pivot defining a horizontal axis about which the funnel can be revolved.
[0009] Preferably, the holder comprises a torsion spring for applying an amount of torque proportional the angle to which the funnel has revolved from a vertical position about the horizontal axis.
[0010] Preferably, the holder comprises a pivot defining a vertical axis about which the funnel can be revolved.
[0011] Preferably, the support can be moved to translate the funnel horizontally and extended to lift the funnel vertically.
[0012] Preferably, the support can be extended to lift the funnel higher; the support comprising a dampening mechanism for slowing the return of the support from an elevated position to an original lower position.
[0013] Preferably, the holder further comprises a first locking mechanism that, when triggered, stops the controller from being rotatable about the axis of the controller in the funnel.
[0014] Preferably, the first locking mechanism that, when triggered, stops funnel from revolving about the pivot defining a vertical axis.
[0015] Preferably, the first locking mechanism that, when triggered, stops funnel from revolving about the pivot defining a horizontal axis.
[0016] Preferably, the holder further comprises a second locking mechanism that, when triggered, stops the support from translating the funnel.
[0017] Preferably, the holder further comprises a quick-release feature for detaching the funnel from the support.
[0018] Brief Description Of The Figures
[0019] It will be convenient to further describe the present invention with respect to the accompanying drawings that illustrate possible arrangements of the invention, in which like integers refer to like parts. Other arrangements of the invention are possible, and consequently the particularity of the accompanying drawings is not to be understood as superseding the generality of the preceding description of the invention.
[0020] Figure 1 shows a flexible endoscope;
[0021] Figure 2 is an illustration of standard grips for holding the endoscope of Figure 1;
[0022] Figure 3 is an illustration of standard grips for holding the endoscope of Figure 1;
[0023] Figure 4 is set of illustrations showing a funnel into which the controller of the endoscope of Figure 1 can be harnessed;
[0024] Figure 5 shows how the funnel of Figure 4 grasps the controller of the endoscope;
[0025] Figure 6 shows a mechanical arm for holding the funnel of Figure 4;
[0026] Figure 7 shows different orientations of the controller as provided by the funnel of Figure 4;
[0027] Figure 8 showing a possible mounting of the mechanical arm of Figure 6;
[0028] Figure 9 shows a variation of the mounting of the mechanical arm of Figure 6;
[0029] Figure 10 shows how the embodiment of Figure 9 is used in a suite for robotic surgery;
[0030] Figure 11 illustrates a plan view of the suite of Figure 10;
[0031] Figure 12 illustrates another plan view of the suite of Figure 10;
[0032] Figure 13 is an illustration of a surgical instrument for use in robot-assisted endoscopic procedures;
[0033] Figure 14 is an illustration of robotic steerable arms provided on the surgical instruments as shown in Figure 12;
[0034] Figure 15 illustrates a variation of the holder described in relation to the embodiment of Figure 9;
[0035] Figure 16 the front view of the funnel in the holder of Figure 15;
[0036] Figure 17 the view of the holder of Figure 15 shown with the frame of the funnel detached from the adapter;
[0037] Figure 18 is an exploded view of the funnel of Figure 15;
[0038] Figure 19 shows a locking mechanism that can be used in the funnel of Figure 15;
[0039] Figure 20 is another view of the holder of Figure 15 shown with the frame of the funnel detached from the adapter;
[0040] Figure 21 illustrates a function of the embodiment of Figure 15;
[0041] Figure 22 illustrates a function of the embodiment of Figure 15;
[0042] Figure 23 illustrates a function of the embodiment of Figure 15;
[0043] Figure 24 illustrates a function of the embodiment of Figure 15;
[0044] Figure 25 illustrates a function of the embodiment of Figure 15;
[0045] Figure 26 illustrates functions of the embodiment of Figure 15;
[0046] Figure 27 illustrates several functions of the embodiment of Figure 15;
[0047] Figure 28 comprises several photographs that show how a surgeon is able to hold and use the embodiment of Figure 15;
[0048] Figure 29 is a negative example showing how the surgeon uses the endoscope without the embodiment of Figure 9;
[0049] Figure 30 shows a further embodiment;
[0050] Figure 31 shows yet a further embodiment;
[0051] Figure 32 shows yet a further embodiment; and
[0052] Figure 33 shows yet a further embodiment.
[0053] Detailed Description Of Specific Embodiments
[0054] Figure 1 shows a flexible endoscope 100 is an optical instrument that is capable of being extended into the gastrointestinal (GI) tract through the anus or the mouth, to provide a view of a target location in the GI tract.
[0055] The endoscope has two main sections, one section being the controller and the other a flexible insertion-tube extending from the controller.
[0056] The controller has a rigid outer casing made of plastic, and the shape of a bulb on a cone that tapers gradually away from the bulb. From the tail of the cone extends the insertion tube. The endoscope tip at the end of the insertion tube is radially flat and is installed with a camera, a light source, and may provide other auxiliary functions such as a waterjet. Image transmission from the camera to a video display may be provided by an optical fibre system or a sensor chip system.
[0057] Endoscopes for GI procedures are typically longer than 1 m in length but are available in various lengths depending on the surgical target inside the patient. The distal-most section of the insertion tube, about 10 to 15 cm in length, is a particularly dexterous bending section that is responsive to the control dials provided on the bulb of the controller.
[0058] Typically, one or two biopsy / instrument channels are provided inside the endoscope, each of which has one end opening on the controller and the other end on the flat surface of endoscope tip. The diameter of a biopsy channel can range between around 2.8 mm to 3.7 mm. The tube diameter of an endoscope that has two biopsy channels is usually larger than 1.2 cm. The thickness of the tube is related to the ease of insertion.
[0059] To insert the flexible section into a patient via the anus, the surgeon holds the controller in one of two standard left hand grips. Figure 2 is an illustration of both grips. In one grip, the last two fingers of the left hand curl around the cone to hold the cone in the palm, leaving free the thumb, index finger and the middle finger to engage dials 201 to operate the bending section and buttons to supply or collect fluids. In the other standard grip, the last three fingers are used to hold the cone, leaving the thumb and the index finger free to engage the dials and buttons 203.
[0060] Figure 3 illustrates the right hand holding the tube in an underhand grip at a short length from the tip. A photograph insert in Figure 3 shows the same. The section just short enough to exhibit sufficient structural strength to avoid a down hanging bend, allowing the surgeon to push the short distal length of the tube through the anus. Subsequently, the surgeon sequentially pushes more of the tube into the patient in similar, discrete lengths. However, there are different ways of pushing the tube to bend around and move past the folds of the intestines, requiring the left hand holding the controller to turn the dials and press the buttons thereon to move bending section in order to navigate the intestinal folds, and the right hand to execute tube maneuvers, including standardized maneuvers. The maneuvers are based on the same fundamental movements of pushing, pulling, and rolling the tube, just with different degrees of force and speed. Throughout the insertion process, the controller is held somewhat upright with the left hand. When the endoscope tip arrives at the target site, the surgeon inserts a surgical tool into the biopsy channels until the distal end of the surgical tool emerges from the endoscope tip. The surgeon may hold need to alternate between controlling the endoscope controller and the surgical instrument to perform surgical procedures. An assistant may also aid in controlling the surgical instrument, e.g. via the surgical instrument’s handle.
[0061] The present embodiment relates to a holder for the controller of an endoscope. The holder comprises a funnel into which the narrower portion of the controller can be inserted so that the wider portion of the controller sits on the funnel. The funnel is held at the top of a mechanical arm that can be moved along with the controller held in the funnel. The connection between the holder and the mechanical arm provides angular movements of the controller about three mutually orthogonal pivots or equivalent.
[0062] The holder has an immobilized, locked state to support the controller in a position mid-air, and a mobile, unlocked state during which the controller can be held, moved and used by the surgeon in the regular manner, freely without restraint. Therefore, the embodiment provides a ready support for holding the controller in in any position in mid-air within the reach of the mechanical arm, as all that the surgeon needs to do is to lock and immobilize holder.
[0063] Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of the rotational movements of the holder 401 that allows the surgeon to hold, move and use the controller without restraint, as if the controller is not harnessed to the holder. The holder is a pair of C-shape arms which has a dimension capable of catching the controller at a point along the conical body. In other embodiments, the C-shape arms can be replaced by a hoop. Figure 5 shows the holder having a dimension that catches the controller right below a protrusion 501 the controller which is where the biopsy channel openings may be found.
[0064] Figure 4A illustrates the controller being capable of rotating in the holder. Figure 4B shows the holder being capable of tilting about a pivot that defines a horizontal axis. Figure 4C shows the holder being capable of tilting about a pivot that defines an orthogonal, second horizontal axis. Each of the drawings is accompanied by an illustration showing the surgeon’s hand holding the controller in the particular angular orientation.
[0065] Figure 6 shows one possible design of the mechanical arm 601 that is able to translate the controller to different positions and height within a limited space. Different designs of the mechanical arm are possible and. The mechanical arm is assembled of different sections which are joined movably. In particular, a first section 603 and a second horizontal section 605, a vertical third section 607 that extends from the distal end of the second section, and a fourth section 609 that can be inserted into or extended from the third section telescopically.
[0066] The first section is anchored to a stable base by a pivotal joint, J1, that allows the first section to swing about a vertical axis in a horizontal plane. The second section is connected to the first section by a pivotal joint, J2, that allows the second section to swing about a vertical axis in the same horizontal plane. Together, joints J1 and J2 provide the telescopic-section a wide range of positions in the horizontal plane. In one version of the embodiment, J1 provides the first section with a + / -100 degree swing about J1, and J2 provides the second section with a + / -180 degree swing about J2.
[0067] The fourth or inner section is movably sheathed inside the vertical third or outer section, collectively called the telescopic section. Accordingly, the inner section is extendible from the outer section to provide additional height to the holder harnessed to the top of the telescopic section. Preferably, the telescopic section is provided with a spring biased to push the inner section upwardly with a small force that compensates for the weight of the inner section. This removes some of the extra force the surgeon has to exert to when lifting the controller. The joints and telescopic-section of the mechanical arm, the distal end of the mechanical arm are locked by a first locking mechanism comprising electrically releasable brakes that respond to the same trigger.
[0068] However, the angular rotations of the holder are locked by a separate second locking mechanism that responds to another trigger. This is because angular orientation of the controller is more likely to be adjusted during surgery in order for the position of the tip of the endoscope to be adjusted slightly to reach more of the surgical target. This usually includes rolling the endoscope to access parts of a target on one side of the intestine.
[0069] Together, the translational movements provided by the mechanical arm and the angular rotation of the holder about the three axes provide the six degrees of freedom of movement, providing the possibility to move the controller into any position and rotated into any angle. This provides that the surgeon can hold, move, and orientate the controller in any way as the surgeon sees fit to facilitate the insertion of the tube, as if the endoscope is not harnessed to the holder.
[0070] When the tip of the endoscope has reached the target position in the GI tract, the surgeon can trigger a locking mechanism to immobilize the mechanical arm. A separate locking mechanism is used to lock the holder in the desired angular orientation, as it is possible for the surgeon to make fine adjustments to the position of the endoscope which might require the controller to be re-oriented angularly.
[0071] When immobilized by both locking mechanisms, the endoscope is held stably on the controller end by the holder and on the other end by being inside the patient’s body. There is no need for the surgeon or any assistant to hold the endoscope throughout the procedure.
[0072] A flexible surgical instrument 611 can be pushed through a biopsy channel of the immobilized controller to conduct an operation. The insert in Figure 6 shows a polypectomy snare, an example of a flexible surgical instrument 611, which has a lasso at the distal end of a long insertion tube that can be threaded through the biopsy channel. A handle on the proximal end of the polypectomy snare is used by the surgeon manually to extend and expand the lasso, and to pull in the lasso to resect a polyp caught in the lasso. Other common end-effectors include electrosurgical knives and forceps, which are not illustrated.
[0073] Figure 7 shows different orientations of the controller as provided by the holder and translated into different positions spatially along three orthogonal axes defining the space, as provided by the mechanical arm. The change in orientation is due to flipping the holder by ninety degrees upwardly on the mechanical arm. Both the vertical configuration and the horizontal configuration can be used at different moments in the same surgery. For example, holding the controller in the vertical configuration is more comfortable, especially when operating the dials and buttons during insertion of the tube. However, it is also possible to immobilize the holder in the vertical or horizontal orientation, or in any angle therebetween. The disadvantage of immobilizing the controller in a vertical orientation is that a certain allowance of the tube has to be provided which hangs downwardly. In contrast, the horizontal configuration does not need the allowance for the downward hanging bend, since the tail of the cone can be pointed towards the patient. It is also easier to transmit the force or torque required to operate the surgical instrument threaded through the biopsy channel if there is less bending of the tube.
[0074] The base of the mechanical arm can be anchored to any source of physical stability. An example is provided in Figure 8, showing the mechanical arm of Figure 6 secured to a video trolley 801 that is typically used for displaying video captured by the camera in the endoscope. In the prior art, the video trolley has been used to hang the endoscope.
[0075] Accordingly, the holder allows for smooth and quick change over from a free-moving controller to an immobilized controller in any position mid-air.
[0076] The triggers to actuate both locking mechanisms may be provided as, for example, pedals (not illustrated) . For avoidance of doubt, pedal activation for both locking mechanisms is unlikely to be difficult for the surgeon, as people have been able to use machines requiring control via two or more pedals, such as the brake and accelerator pedals of a car and the damper and muffler pedals of a piano. Optionally, the triggers may be provided as a hand-activated button, for example, located near the endoscope controller. Optionally, the locking and unlocking of the mechanical arm and the holder can be triggered simultaneously by a combination of triggers, including hand triggered button and a foot pedal. Optionally, different unlocking modes may be provided with a single trigger by using a time-based input. For example, by holding down a singular pedal for 1s and releasing it, the surgeon may unlock one combination of joints / degrees of freedom. If the pedal is held down for 2s and is released, it may unlock another combination of joints / degrees of freedom. To add a layer of security to prevent accidental unlocking, the trigger may require two consecutive presses followed by holding the trigger before entering the mode selection.
[0077] The holder can be used in endoscopic procedure that inserts an endoscope orally, not illustrated, to support the controller while the surgeon uses a surgical instrument inserted into the biopsy channel.
[0078] In a variation of the embodiment, a snap-fit C-shape arms may be used. In this case, the C-shape arm are momentarily forced apart when pressed against the constriction to let the controller enter into the space surrounded by the arms and be held there
[0079] Figure 9 shows a second embodiment of the holder, which is affixed to a mechanical arm that is attached to an actuator cart 901 that has an actuator 903 for operating robotic surgical instruments.
[0080] The actuator cart is a part of a surgical suite for robotic endoscopic surgery. Figure 10 shows the suite also comprises a control console 1002 for issuing commands to the actuator, and an endoscope video trolley 801 similar to that shown as Figure 8 but without being anchored with a mechanical arm. The actuator cart is to be wheeled into a spot such that the mechanical arm is supposed to be extendable towards the short side of an operation table 1004 where the patient is expected to be lying.
[0081] Figure 11 illustrates the plan view of the arrangement or the suite for an endoscopic procedure using anal entry. The actuator cart is on the right side of the control console but the controller is accessible to the left hand of the surgeon because the mechanical arm reaches past to the left side of the surgeon.
[0082] Figure 12 illustrates the plan view of the arrangement or the suite for an endoscopic procedure using oral entry.
[0083] Figure 13 is an illustration of a surgical instrument 1302 for robot-assisted endoscopic procedures. The surgical instrument comprises a transmission tube 1304 having a coupler 1306 on the proximal end and a robotic, steerable arm 1308 is on the distal end. The transmission tube has a length of 0.5 m to 1.8 m, and a diameter of 2.6 mm to 3.5 mm, and can be threaded through a biopsy channel in the endoscope, or threaded into external instrument channels that are attached to the endoscope body.
[0084] The coupler on the proximal end of the surgical instrument contains control spools (not illustrated) . Wires attached on one end to the steerable arm are threaded through the transmission tube and connected on the other end to the spools inside the coupler. The coupler can be attached to the actuator to access and turn the spools to reel in or release the wires, thereby moving steerable arm and an end-effector at the tip of the steerable arm. Figure 14 is an illustration of two steerable arms, each of which is equipped with an end effector 1402. The effector may be a pair of forceps, a diathermy knife, an injection needle, a part of a suturing tool, and so on.
[0085] The control console is a modified dentist stool, installed with an electromagnetic field (EMF) generator for monitoring the coordinates of the two controller pens.
[0086] The actuator on the top the actuator cart moves and operates surgical instruments at the tip of the endoscope by reflecting the coordinates of controllers in the (electromagnetic field) EMF as held and moved by the surgeon in the control console. Further details of the control console are the subjects of other patent applications and it suffices here to note that the steerable arms are responsive to the control console remotely.
[0087] The endoscope video trolley contains a processor for receiving and processing video signals of images captured by the camera at the tip of the endoscope, and produces real-time images on the display monitor. The video trolley is placed opposite the control console for where a surgeon seated on the chair may watch comfortably.
[0088] The actuator operates the spools in the coupler to continually re-position the steerable arms and operate the end-effectors by following the coordinates of controllers in the (electromagnetic field) EMF as held and moved by the surgeon in the control console. Further details of the control console are the subjects of other patent applications and it suffices here to note that the steerable arms are responsive to the control console remotely.
[0089] Figure 15 illustrates a variation of the holder 401 (attached to a mechanical arm) that may be used in the present embodiment, although the holder described in the preceding paragraphs is also useable. The holder in Figure 15 is separable into a funnel 1502 and an adaptor 1504. Together, the funnel and the adaptor provide the various angular orientations equivalent to those illustrated for the first embodiment in Figure 4. The funnel is defined by a through-hole in the form of a hoop or closed-loop made into a shallow, housing frame. The frame houses mechanisms for attaching the frame to the adaptor and to cooperating with mechanisms inside the adaptor.
[0090] The adaptor and the funnel have parallel axes. The adaptor is rotatable co-axially, concentrically, with the vertical axis of the telescopic section, while the axis of the funnel is eccentric to the axis of the adaptor and can be revolved about the axis of the adaptor. The lower end of the generally elongate adaptor is also rotatable about a ‘horizontal pivot’ 1506 that defines an orthogonal, horizontal axis (marked axes x, y to illustrate the similarity of this horizontal axis to the axes x and y shown in Figure 4) . Figure 16 is the front view of the holder of Figure 15. The left drawings shows the holder without being harnessed to a controller of endoscope and the right drawings shows a controller inserted into the holder.
[0091] Figure 17 is the view of the holder of Figure 15 shown with the funnel detached from the adaptor. Figure 18 is an exploded view of the funnel, showing the frame opened apart into a top half 1802 and a bottom half 1806, exposing the rotational gear around the base of the rotatable portion 1804 of the funnel 1502.
[0092] One or more straps, for example medical grade cable ties or elastic ties, may be provided for fastening the endoscope controller inserted partially into the hoop. Preferably, a collar is provided, which extends from the edge of the frame defining the hoop upwardly. The collar can be made of medical grade rigid plastic or a medical grade flexible material. With the collar, a greater surface area can be pressed against the controller by the straps for a strong hold. The collar is provided along two-thirds of the hoop, so that the two sides of the collar adjacent the remaining one-third of the hoop defines a passage for the protrusion where the biopsy channels openings are. To install the controller into the funnel, therefore, the tube is inserted by the tip and threaded through the funnel until the part of the controller that is too big to pass through, with the protrusion slid in between the two sides of the collar, and the straps tightened and buckled down over the collar and controller. Preferably, after being attached to the endoscope controller, the collar and funnel do not interfere with the surgeon’s control or handling of the endoscope, i.e. the surgeon can hold the controller as normal, while accessing functions such as insufflation, the biopsy channels, control knobs, etc.
[0093] The side of the frame defining the hoop is rotatable relative to the rest of the frame, and is set inside a rotational gear that is accessible inside the frame. The centre of the rotational gear is aligned with the axis, z1, of the funnel which is also the axis of a controller harnessed in the funnel.
[0094] The rotational gear can be engaged by a stop 1904, also in the frame, to lock down the funnel from being able to rotate in the frame. The stop 1904 is shown next to a rotational gear 1902 in Figure 19. In other words, the stop is able to prevent the controller from rotating in the fame. The stop is actuated by a driver mechanism in the adaptor that can be triggered to push the stop into engaging the rotational gear by a pedal as discussed in a preceding paragraph, and is a part of the second locking mechanism for immobilizing the orientation of the controller on the mechanical arm.
[0095] Figure 20 shows one mechanism by which the frame can be secured to the adaptor, in the form of clips 2002 on both sides of the frame that can be snap-fit onto corresponding retainers on the matching sides of the adaptor. Figure 20 also illustrates how the funnel can be attachable to the adaptor over medical drape 2004 covering the adaptor and the rest of the mechanical arm, so that the adaptor and the mechanical arm may be kept clean and protected through the operation. The medical drape is typically pre-cut (not illustrated) to fit over the relevant part of the adaptor to allow the driver mechanism to push onto the stop.
[0096] Figure 21 shows that the rotation of a harnessed controller in the funnel about the controller’s axis z1. This rotation is required to coordinate rolling of the controller with the roll of the tip of endoscope in the patient as the endoscope tube is not designed to be capable of being twisted along the tube independently from the controller.
[0097] Figure 22 illustrates the revolution of the funnel axis z1 about axis z2 of the telescopic section. The axis of the lower end of the adaptor is co-axial with z2 while the frame, being held to one side of the adaptor, provides that the axis z1 of the funnel is offset from the axis z2 of the telescopic section. This configuration provides an advantage that surgeon can turn the controller to face the surgeon regardless of which side of the mechanical arm is the surgeon positioned for the insertion of the tube.
[0098] Furthermore, the funnel is able to revolve in a vertical plane about the horizontal pivot shown in Figure 15, which defines a horizontal axis provided near the lower end of the adaptor as mounted onto the vertical section of the mechanical arm. The chart inserted into Figure 23 illustrates a safety mechanism against accidental free-fall of the endoscope controller. This can be provided by weight-compensating elements such as a torque spring or torsion spring integrated with an electromagnetic brake in the horizontal pivot. If the electromagnetic brake is not triggered already and the surgeon releases his grip on the harnessed controller in mid-air, the torque spring generates an amount of torsion that compensates for the holder’s weight and the controller’s weight. This allows the holder to remain in the same orientation at the moment when the surgeon’s grip on the harnessed controller is released. Optionally, the torque spring is adjust-able. In some embodiments, only a partial amount of the controller’s weight is compensated, in which case the holder is able to continue falling by moving about the horizontal pivot but in a slowed state so that the surgeon can catch the falling controller.
[0099] Typically, the torque spring is calibrated such that there is zero torque compensation when the holder is vertically aligned in an upright position. However, as illustrated by the inserted chart in Figure 23, an amount of torque is applied by the torque spring that is proportional to the angle of the holder about the horizontal pivot deviating from the upright position. This could also reduce fatigue for the user due to less weight experienced. The locking mechanism for the holder can be used to immobilize the holder in any such deviating angle, such as an almost horizontal orientation of the controller illustrated in the inserted drawing in Figure 23.
[0100] A similar feature (not shown) is applied to vertical telescopic-sections, wherein a weight compensation spring is integrated into the telescopic section prevent collapse of the controller if the surgeon’s grip on the controller is released unexpectedly. This provides a dampening mechanism (e.g. a rotary damper or linear damper) in the telescopic section that slows down the collapse of the telescopic section if the doctor lets go of the holder in mid-air, providing time for the doctor to catch the controller before the fall pulls on the tube and moves the endoscope tip away from the surgical target, as illustrated in the progression of the left drawing to the right drawing in Figure 24.
[0101] The locking mechanism of the horizontal pivot is part of the second locking mechanism for immobilizing the angular orientation of the controller while the locking mechanism for the telescopic section is part of the first mechanism for locking the translational position of the controller.
[0102] Figure 25 is the schematic diagram of the revolution of axis z1 about the axis z2, corresponding to the illustration in Figure 21 and Figure 22.
[0103] Figure 26 shows how the adaptor replicates equivalent rotations to those illustrated in Figure 4B and Figure 4C by revolving the funnel about the axis z2 and about the horizontal axis of the horizontal pivot 1506.
[0104] Figure 27 shows the afore-described rotations in one drawing.
[0105] Figure 28a shows how a surgeon is able to hold the controller in a standard grip and the holder does not impede regular manipulation of the endoscope. Figure 28b shows how the holder, when the mechanical arm is immobilized, allows the surgeon to twist or roll the endoscope using an overhand grip (palm facing down) on the bulb. Figure 28c shows another overhand grip but on the conical body of the controller. These grips can be relocated when the surgeon has maximized the extent of his wrist rotation.
[0106] Figure 29 is a negative example showing how, without the embodiment, the surgeon has to twist his own body about the waist to further the roll of the controller, although this type of manipulation is also supported when the endoscope is attached to the holder and mechanical arm.
[0107] The following are the steps of using the present embodiment:
[0108] - harnessing the controller of a flexible endoscope into the holder, i.e. the funnel.
[0109] - attaching the funnel to the adaptor which is already installed to the mechanical arm (and is also draped) , with the first and second locking mechanisms activated;
[0110] - while holding the harnessed controller in a left handed grip, unlock both the first and the second locking mechanisms of both the holder and the mechanical arm using the supplied triggers, i.e. the foot pedals
[0111] - positioning the endoscope and mechanical arm into the vicinity of the patient's opening (anus or mouth etc)
[0112] - Insertion with the left hand gripping the controller in a standard grip, and operating the dials and rolling the controller, and the right hand manipulating the insertion tube.
[0113] - once the endoscope tip is brought near enough to the tumour or surgical site, trigger both the first and second locking mechanisms.
[0114] - surgeon can perform the tumour resection using manual or robotic instruments.
[0115] - minor adjustments to the endoscope tip position can be done without unlocking the first locking mechanism of mechanical arm and only unlocking the second locking mechanism for angular re-orientation of the holder (the funnel and the adaptor) to adjust the endoscope tip
[0116] - major re-positioning can be made by unlocking both locking mechanisms to allow repositioning of the endoscope tip with the controller freely moveable in the mechanical arm and the holder, i.e. restoring full freedom of movements of the controller in the left hand.
[0117] Further, the second embodiment can be varied, the variation having just 5 of the degrees of freedom provided, where either one of the rotational vertical axes is fixed. Either z1 or z2 and the horizontal axis (x, y) as shown in Figure 15 are enough to allow the endoscope to be rolled in the funnel with the tip of the endoscope inserted into the patient. Typically, the horizontal axis is somewhat aligned to the alignment of the patient for this simplified embodiment to permit rolling of the endoscope tip inside the patient.
[0118] With regards to the locking mechanism, each rotation joint and telescopic-section can be independently unlockable with a dedicated trigger , such as a series of buttons or pedals provided where they are in within the reach of the surgeon, or according to the pre-programmed modes of the system on any suitable GUI interface. Therefore, each unlocked mode can involve any combination of degrees of freedom.
[0119] In another embodiment, as shown in Figure 30, the frame has an opening 3002 on the side for the controller to be inserted into the funnel, so that the funnel does not have to be passed over the entire length of the flexible portion of the endoscope. The rotational gear has a matching opening 3004 that can only be seen when the opening in the funnel is rotated to face away from the opening in the frame.
[0120] Figure 31 shows another embodiment, the left drawing being the side view and the right drawing being the front view, which is a holder 401 comprising only funnel fixed to a stand 3102 of fixed position, and only the rotation in the funnel is provided. This embodiment provide as holder for the controller. Although less effective than the other described embodiments, the tube of the endoscope can be inserted into the patient if sufficient allowance if provided for the surgeon to push, pull and roll the tube for insertion. Being able to rotate the controller in the funnel is sufficient to provide for minor re-positioning of the endoscope tip. Optionally, the base of the stand has wheels to provide simple repositioning along the floor.
[0121] In the embodiment of Figure 18, the funnel has a wing that can be clipped onto a corresponding protrusion on the adaptor. In another embodiment, as shown in Figure 32, a central interlocking mechanism is used instead for connecting the frame to the adaptor. Preferably, this central interlocking mechanism is releasable by a single button 3202, even while the first and second locking mechanisms are activated.
[0122] Figure 33 shows a variation of the funnel that can be removed from the frame, which is guided by an aligning protrusion 3302 for aligning to a corresponding depression 3304 in the frame.
[0123] While there has been described in the foregoing description preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the technology concerned that many variations or modifications in details of design, construction or operation may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention as claimed.
Claims
1.Aholder for an endoscope, comprisinga funnel for holding onto the controller of the endoscope;a support connected to the funnel to keep the funnel lifted from the ground;the funnel providing the controller freedom to rotate about the axis of the controller.2.A holder for an endoscope as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, further comprising a pivot defining a horizontal axis about which the funnel can be revolved.3.A holder for an endoscope as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a torsion spring for applying an amount of torque proportional the angle to which the funnel has revolved from a vertical position about the horizontal axis.4.A holder for an endoscope as claimed in claim 1 to claim 3, further comprising a pivot defining a vertical axis about which the funnel can be revolved.5.Aholder for an endoscope as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein a support can be moved to translate the funnel horizontally and extended to lift the funnel vertically.6.A holder for an endoscope as claimed in claim 5, whereinthe support can be extended to lift the funnel higher;the support comprising a dampening mechanism for slowing the return of the support from an elevated position to an original lower position.7.A holder for an endoscope as claimed in any of the preceding claims, further comprising:a first locking mechanism that, when triggered, stops the controller from being rotatable about the axis of the controller in the funnel.8.A holder for an endoscope as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the first locking mechanism that, when triggered, stops funnel from revolving about the pivot defining a vertical axis.9.A holder for an endoscope as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the first locking mechanism that, when triggered, stops funnel from revolving about the pivot defining a horizontal axis.10.Aholder for an endoscope as claimed in any of the preceding claims,comprisinga second locking mechanism that, when triggered, stops the support from translating the funnel.11.Aholder for an endoscope as claimed in any of the preceding claims,comprisinga quick-release feature for detaching the funnel from the support.
Citation Information
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