Information transmission method, device, storage medium, and program product

Abstract

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the technical field of communications, and provide an information transmission method, a device, a storage medium, and a program product, for use in improving the signal transmission efficiency. The method comprises: sending first indication information, the first indication information being used for indicating a codebook to be switched, and / or the first indication information being used for indicating blocking information of a channel between a first node and a second node.

Description

Information transmission methods, equipment, storage media and software products

[0001] This disclosure claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202411466310.2, filed on October 18, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to information transmission methods, devices, storage media and program products. Background Technology

[0003] In the field of wireless communication, terminals can transmit signals through channels and base stations. However, the channel environment is complex, resulting in low signal transmission efficiency. Therefore, improving signal transmission efficiency is a pressing technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure provides an information transmission method, device, storage medium, and program product that can improve signal transmission efficiency.

[0005] On the one hand, an information transmission method is provided, comprising: sending first indication information, the first indication information being used to indicate a codebook to be switched; and / or, the first indication information being used to indicate obstruction information on the channel between the first node and the second node.

[0006] In another aspect, an information transmission method is provided, comprising: receiving first indication information, the first indication information being used to indicate a codebook to be switched; and / or, the first indication information being used to indicate obstruction information on the channel between the first node and the second node.

[0007] In another aspect, an information transmission device is provided, comprising: a transmitting unit;

[0008] A transmitting unit is configured to transmit first indication information, the first indication information being used to indicate the codebook to be switched; and / or, the first indication information being used to indicate obstruction information on the channel between the first node and the second node.

[0009] On the other hand, an information transmission device is provided, comprising: a receiving unit;

[0010] The receiving unit is configured to receive first indication information, which indicates the codebook to be switched; and / or, the first indication information indicates obstruction information on the channel between the first node and the second node.

[0011] In another aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a memory and a processor; the memory and the processor are coupled; the memory is used to store a computer program; and the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the information transmission method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0012] In another aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which computer program instructions are stored, which, when executed by a processor, implement the information transmission method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0013] In another aspect, a computer program product is provided, which includes computer program instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the information transmission method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0014] This disclosure discloses that a first node can send first indication information, which indicates a codebook to be switched; and / or, the first indication information indicates obstruction information on the channel between the first node and the second node. This allows for dynamic indication of the codebook to be switched, enabling the codebook to be switched to one more suitable for the current channel environment, thereby improving signal transmission efficiency. Furthermore, the obstruction information sent by the first node can also enable the second node to optimize transmission based on the obstruction information, thereby improving signal transmission efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in some embodiments of this disclosure will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 is a diagram of a communication system architecture provided by some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0017] Figure 2 is a flowchart illustrating an information transmission method provided in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0018] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a process for determining a codebook to be switched according to some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0019] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a process for determining the codebook to be switched according to some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0020] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a process for determining the codebook to be switched according to some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0021] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a process for determining a codebook to be switched according to some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0022] Figure 7 is a schematic flowchart of a process for determining occlusion information provided in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0023] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a process for determining occlusion information provided in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0024] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a process for determining occlusion information provided in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0025] Figure 10 is a flowchart illustrating another information transmission method provided in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0026] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0027] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0028] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another communication device provided in some embodiments of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of this disclosure will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0030] It should be noted that, in this disclosure, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this disclosure should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0031] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0032] In the description of this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or," for example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in this document is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Furthermore, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more.

[0033] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, especially 5G and future 6G systems, maintaining stable signal transmission and efficient spectrum utilization in complex environments—that is, improving signal transmission efficiency—is a key technological challenge. To achieve higher transmission efficiency, wireless communication systems can use beamforming technology to concentrate signal energy in a specific direction. However, in practical applications, signal transmission is often affected by environmental obstacles. Buildings, vehicles, and equipment in the channel can cause signal obstruction, reflection, fading, and multipath effects during transmission. These effects lead to rapid and complex changes in the channel state, severely impacting the quality and reliability of signal transmission.

[0034] In traditional wireless communication systems, terminals typically select only one codebook for signal transmission. This codebook is usually chosen from a predefined, fixed set and is only suitable for specific channel conditions. However, with the increasing complexity of wireless communication environments, especially in high-mobility and multipath scenarios, the selection of a single codebook cannot adequately cope with rapid channel changes and the impact of obstacles, leading to a decrease in signal transmission efficiency. Furthermore, traditional codebook selection methods rely heavily on periodic feedback and fixed codebooks, making it difficult to flexibly adapt to environmental changes. For example, when obstacles appear in the channel, traditional codebook selection methods can easily lead to signal blockage, compromising communication stability. Moreover, traditional channel feedback mechanisms also have limitations. Terminals often struggle to effectively provide detailed information about obstacles or obstructions in the wireless channel, resulting in base stations lacking accurate reference data when selecting codebooks and optimizing channels. This not only affects the efficiency of codebook selection but also limits the optimization of system transmission performance in complex environments.

[0035] To address this, this disclosure provides an information transmission method in which a first node can send first indication information, which indicates a codebook to be switched; and / or, the first indication information indicates obstruction information on the channel between the first node and the second node. This allows for dynamic indication of the codebook to be switched, enabling the codebook to be switched to one more suitable for the current channel environment, thereby improving signal transmission efficiency. Furthermore, the obstruction information sent by the first node can also enable the second node to optimize transmission based on the obstruction information, thereby improving signal transmission efficiency.

[0036] The information transmission method provided in this disclosure can be applied to systems with various communication standards. For example, the information transmission method provided in this disclosure can be applied to systems including, but not limited to, long-term evolution (LTE) systems, various versions based on LTE evolution, 5G systems, future mobile communication networks (such as 6G mobile communication networks), or multiple converged communication systems. Furthermore, the information transmission method provided in this disclosure can also be applied to future-oriented communication systems.

[0037] For example, the above information transmission method can be applied to the communication system shown in FIG1. ​​As shown in FIG1, the communication system includes: a first node 101 and a second node 102.

[0038] The first node 101 and the second node 102 are communicatively connected. The first node 101 can be a terminal, an IoT device, etc., and the second node 102 can be a base station, etc.

[0039] In some embodiments, the first node 101 may send first indication information to the second node 102, the first indication information being used to indicate the codebook to be switched or occlusion information. The second node 102 may receive the first indication information and perform switching based on the codebook to be switched, and / or perform transmission optimization based on the occlusion information.

[0040] In some embodiments, the terminal can be a device with wireless transceiver capabilities, which can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld, wearable, or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on water (such as on ships); and it can also be deployed in the air (e.g., on airplanes, balloons, and satellites). The terminal can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, virtual reality (VR) terminal, augmented reality (AR) terminal, wireless terminal in industrial control, wireless terminal in self-driving, wireless terminal in remote medical care, wireless terminal in smart grid, wireless terminal in transportation safety, wireless terminal in smart city, wireless terminal in smart home, etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the application scenarios. The term "terminal" can sometimes also refer to a user, user equipment (UE), access terminal, UE unit, UE station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, UE terminal, wireless communication device, UE agent, or UE device, etc., but the embodiments of this application do not limit this to these terms.

[0041] In some embodiments, the base station may be a base station in Long Term Evolution (LTE), Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTEA), or an evolved Node B (eNB or eNodeB), a base station device in a 5G network, or a base station in a future communication system. The base station may include various macro base stations, micro base stations, femtocell base stations, wireless remote extensions, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs), routers, wireless fidelity (WIFI) devices, or various network-side devices such as primary cells and secondary cells.

[0042] It should be noted that Figure 1 is only an exemplary framework diagram. The number of devices included in Figure 1 and the names of each device are not limited. In addition to the devices shown in Figure 1, the communication system may also include other devices, such as relay nodes.

[0043] The application scenarios of the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited. The system architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of this disclosure are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0044] The information transmission method provided by the embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] The information transmission method provided in this disclosure can be applied to the first node 101 in the communication system shown in FIG1. ​​FIG2 shows a schematic flowchart of an information transmission method, which includes the following steps S201.

[0046] S201, The first node sends the first instruction information.

[0047] Wherein, the first indication information is used to indicate the codebook to be switched; and / or, the first indication information is used to indicate the channel obstruction information between the first node and the second node.

[0048] It should be understood that a codebook is defined as a set of codewords that all satisfy the same form. Codewords within the same codebook have the same structure and quantization precision. Examples include Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) codebooks, Fractional Fourier Transform (FRFT) codebooks, Bessel codebooks, Airy codebooks, Mathieu codebooks, and Weber codebooks. The union of all codebooks is called the codebook set. Each codebook C... i It corresponds to a specific precoding matrix or codebook format.

[0049] In traditional technologies, codeword selection relies primarily on periodically fed-back channel state information and a fixed codebook. Therefore, the current codebook may not be suitable for the current channel environment, leading to reduced signal transmission efficiency. In this situation, the first node can indicate the codebook to be switched to to the second node. This allows the first node to dynamically switch codebooks when the signal transmission efficiency corresponding to the current codebook is poor, thereby improving signal transmission efficiency.

[0050] In one possible implementation, the codebook to be switched can be determined based on channel state information. Therefore, the codebook to be switched is more adaptable to the current channel environment, the transmission efficiency of signals transmitted through the codebook is higher, and the selected codebook information can be efficiently fed back. In this way, the first and second nodes can flexibly switch between multiple codebooks based on the channel environment, where multiple codebooks can include DFT codebooks (or beams), FRFT codebooks (or beams), Bessel codebooks (or beams), and Airy codebooks (or beams), etc. For example, Bessel beams can achieve diffraction-free transmission and are suitable for stable long-distance transmission, while Airy beams have the ability to bypass obstacles, effectively avoiding signal transmission blockage. Through such a multi-codebook selection mechanism, the system significantly improves the stability and efficiency of transmission in complex and rapidly changing channel environments.

[0051] Furthermore, when the first indication information indicates obstruction information, the obstruction information can be used to determine the codebook to be switched. Alternatively, the obstruction information can enable the second node to optimize its transmission strategy based on the obstruction information, thereby making the signal more adaptable to the current channel environment and improving the signal transmission efficiency.

[0052] The following describes the reporting method, content, and reporting conditions for the first instruction information.

[0053] Example 1: The first indication information is used to indicate the codebook to be switched.

[0054] The first node determines the candidate codebook set, which contains M codebooks C. 1, …,C M After receiving the Channel State Information-Reference Signal (CSI-RS), the first node can measure the CSI-RS to obtain channel state information, evaluate the performance of M codebooks based on the channel state information, and select the best-performing codebook C from the candidate codebook set. i If the selected optimal codebook is inconsistent with the codebook currently used by the first node, the optimal codebook will be used as the codebook to be switched. Subsequently, the first node can report the first indication information, indicating the codebook to be switched to, C. i Conversely, if the selected optimal codebook is the same as the codebook currently used by the first node, it means that the currently used codebook meets the channel requirements, and no switching is needed, nor is it necessary to initiate the first indication message.

[0055] Optionally, the first indication information may also be called Codebook Selection Indication Information (CBI) or a switching indication. The CBI can also be a signaling message used to indicate the codebook information of the codebook to be switched by the first node.

[0056] Optionally, the first indication information may include at least one of the following fields:

[0057] Switching Requirement Indicator Field: This field indicates whether the second node needs to switch its codebook. It can be a simple binary signal: 0 indicates no switching is needed, and 1 indicates a switching is required.

[0058] Codebook Selection Field: The first node indicates which codebook the second node switches to based on the CSI. This field can be implemented through feedback from the Extended Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI) or the Channel Quality Indicator (CQI). The codebook set number can be encoded into several bits, for example, using two bits to indicate: 00: DFT beam; 01: FRFT beam; 10: Bessel beam; 11: Airy beam.

[0059] Alternatively, it can be indicated by 3 bits: 000: DFT beam;

[0060] 001: FRFT beam;

[0061] 010: Bessel beam;

[0062] 011: Airi Beam;

[0063] 100: Mathieu beam;

[0064] 101: Weber beam.

[0065] Channel State Indication Field: The first node simultaneously feeds back the current channel state information, such as CQI, PMI, and Rank Indicator (RI), as a reference for the second node to adjust the transmission strategy.

[0066] The information for each field can be transmitted using the signaling mechanism in traditional methods. The following is a way to extend the traditional signaling mechanism to support codebook switching indications:

[0067] PMI Field Extension: The PMI is used to indicate the selection of the precoding matrix. Extending the PMI field can increase the codebook's indicative capability. The second node selects a specific precoding matrix from the beam set based on the PMI feedback.

[0068] CQI Field Extension: CQI is used to represent channel quality. A handover requirement indication field can be embedded in the CQI feedback, allowing the second node to determine whether a codebook switch is needed based on changes in the CQI.

[0069] Radio Resource Control (RRC) / Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) signaling transmission: Codebook switching indication information can also be transmitted via traditional RRC Reconfiguration or PDCCH signaling, thereby reducing device interaction, improving communication efficiency, and enhancing compatibility with traditional technologies. Furthermore, RRC or PDCCH can carry better data, thus allowing for more flexible transmission of complex codebook switching information.

[0070] Furthermore, the initial indication information can be jointly reported with other CSI feedbacks (such as PMI, RI, and CQI) using a shared bitstream to reduce the total number of reported bits. The reporting order is determined by the network to ensure information integrity. Reporting trigger conditions include synchronous triggering (e.g., reporting when an event is executed), channel condition changes (e.g., reporting when channel state parameters are below a threshold), and specific event triggering (e.g., periodic reporting).

[0071] Steps one through five constitute one possible codebook switching procedure, and the order of the codebook switching procedure depends on the current channel state and codebook configuration.

[0072] Step 1: First node measures channel state: The first node receives CSI-RS signals and measures information such as current channel gain, delay, and angle, and generates feedback such as PMI, CQI, and RI.

[0073] Step 2: Determine if codebook switching is necessary: ​​Based on changes in channel status, the first node determines whether the current codebook beams can maintain good performance. If the performance of all beams cannot be maintained, the first node generates a switching indication (i.e., the first indication information).

[0074] Step 3: Sending a handover instruction: The first node sends a handover instruction to the second node through the existing CSI feedback mechanism, instructing the second node to perform a codebook switch. This handover instruction includes the codebook number, handover requirements, and channel state information.

[0075] Step 4: The second node performs the handover: Based on the feedback from the first node, the second node selects a suitable codebook and adjusts the beam direction and precoding strategy according to the selected codebook.

[0076] Step 5: Switching Confirmation: After the second node performs beam switching, it sends confirmation information back to the first node to ensure that the beam switching is successful.

[0077] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the transmission of the first indication information may include, but is not limited to, periodic transmission or triggered transmission. These transmission methods are described in detail below:

[0078] 1.1 The first instruction information is sent periodically.

[0079] The first node periodically measures channel state information and generates first indication information, which is then fed back to the second node according to a preset period, thereby effectively avoiding frequent signaling overhead. The first node automatically triggers codebook selection according to the period configured in the network (e.g., the second node) and reports the selected codebook Ci through CBI.

[0080] Optionally, the period can be configured to 5ms, 10ms, 20ms, 50ms, 100ms, etc. The second node dynamically switches the codebook based on network load and the mobility of the first node. In addition, the first node can also adjust the frequency of reporting the codebook switching indication configured for the second node according to changes in channel conditions to maintain timely channel feedback.

[0081] 1.2 The first instruction information is sent via trigger-based transmission.

[0082] The transmission of the first indication information is triggered by specific conditions. For example, when the first node detects a sudden decline in channel quality, frequent changes in PMI, a significant drop in CQI, or signal attenuation caused by new obstacles, the first node will immediately send the first indication information. Upon triggering a specific event request, the first node will report CBI. Optionally, the first node can accumulate and statistically process the CSI measurement results to ensure the accuracy of the reporting.

[0083] Specific events may include:

[0084] When the channel gain or signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) changes beyond a preset SNR threshold, the first node will trigger a CBI report. This threshold can be dynamically configured by the second node to adapt to channel fluctuations under different environments.

[0085] When the first node receives a data scheduling command from the second node, it needs to immediately report the currently selected codebook to be switched to ensure that the codebook selection is optimal during the scheduling process.

[0086] User behavior triggers non-periodic reporting. The first node can predict channel changes based on user activity and report CBI in advance.

[0087] The signaling is transmitted using a hybrid method. The first node can use a periodic feedback mechanism under normal circumstances, while using triggered feedback when the channel undergoes drastic changes.

[0088] Assume the codebook set contains M codebooks, and the CBI format is log2(M) bits. For example, for 4 codebooks, CBI requires 2 bits; for 8 codebooks, it requires 3 bits. When rank > 1, CBI can be encoded independently for each transport layer and reported. One possible approach is to use a differential coding strategy, reporting only the codebook index that differs from the previous selection, thus reducing reporting overhead.

[0089] In one possible implementation, when the performance of all beams in the current codebook fails to meet channel requirements, the first node generates a switching suggestion and instructs the second node to switch codebooks via signaling. For example, the first node periodically or in real-time measures the current channel status based on configured CSI measurement resources, including parameters such as channel gain, signal attenuation, multipath propagation characteristics, signal incidence angle variation, and delay spread. When the channel status information indicates that the current transmission path is severely affected by obstacles and the existing beams in the codebook cannot effectively cope, the first node generates judgment information on whether a codebook switching is necessary. The criteria for codebook switching may also include:

[0090] (1) The transmission quality is significantly degraded and the signal quality cannot be improved by switching different beams in the codebook: When the first node finds that all beams in the current codebook cannot effectively bypass obstacles or improve the transmission quality, the first node will report that the current set is not suitable for the channel environment and indicate that it is necessary to switch to a new codebook.

[0091] (2) In an environment with complex obstacles, the first node determines that the beam in the current codebook cannot effectively utilize the reflection path or avoid the obstruction of the obstacle, and needs to switch to a codebook that is more suitable for the current channel characteristics, such as FRFT beam or Bessel beam.

[0092] (3) When the channel state information shows that the multipath effect is significantly enhanced or the obstruction range is expanded, and the current beam cannot fully cover the required transmission path, the first node will suggest switching to other codebooks with different structures or attenuation characteristics based on channel feedback, such as switching from the DFT beam to the Airy beam or the Mathieu beam.

[0093] (4) When the beams in the existing codebook cannot provide the expected coverage performance, the first node instructs the second node to select a codebook that is more suitable for the current channel environment by analyzing the channel feedback information.

[0094] After receiving feedback signaling from the first node, the second node determines whether to perform a codebook switch based on the feedback channel state information and handover suggestions, and selects the optimal codebook for subsequent transmission. The first node transmits feedback information through existing signaling mechanisms (such as PDCCH or RRC signaling) and instructs the base station to switch to a more suitable codebook.

[0095] Furthermore, codebook switching requires a match between channel characteristics and codebook characteristics. DFT beams are suitable for far-field line-of-sight (LoS) channels, where signal energy distribution is uniform. FRFT beams possess strong focusing capabilities and are suitable for near-field channel environments. When the signal propagation distance is short and energy needs to be focused at a specific location, switch to FRFT beams. Bessel beams have diffraction-free and self-healing properties, making them suitable for scenarios involving bypassing partial obstacles. When there is partial obstruction in the propagation path and the signal needs to bypass obstacles, switching to Bessel beams can improve transmission stability. Airy beams are suitable for signals bypassing completely obstructed areas and have non-linear propagation characteristics. When the LOS path is completely blocked, switch to Airy beams to ensure the signal bypasses obstacles and maintains communication continuity. Mathieu beams are suitable for complex reflection environments with elliptical geometry. When there are elliptical reflective surfaces in the signal propagation path, Mathieu beams can transmit signals more effectively and optimize the transmission path. Weber beams are suitable for transmission in complex, non-uniform environments. When a signal is affected by a complex and non-uniform scene, the signal transmitted through the Weber beam can have stable transmission characteristics and reduce signal fading.

[0096] The following are several possible codebook switching methods:

[0097] S1: The second node uses DFT beaming by default, which is suitable for far-field LOS channels. DFT beaming can maintain good transmission performance in open LOS environments. When the first node detects channel condition deterioration, it will send signaling to the second node to instruct it to switch codebooks.

[0098] S2: When the first node discovers that the signal propagation is affected by the near-field effect through the channel state information, it determines that the DFT beam cannot maintain good performance. The first node sends a signaling to the second node to indicate that it should switch to the FRFT beam, which is suitable for near-field environments and can provide stronger focusing performance.

[0099] S3: When the signal propagation path is partially blocked, the first node determines that the FRFT beam cannot effectively maintain signal transmission. The feedback signal instructs the second node to switch to the Bessel beam to utilize its non-diffraction characteristics and self-healing ability to ensure that the signal bypasses the local obstacle.

[0100] S4: If the LOS path is completely blocked, the first node sends a feedback signal to instruct the second node to switch to the Airy beam, which uses its diffraction characteristics to ensure that the signal continues to be transmitted in the non-direct path.

[0101] S5: When there are complex reflection paths or geometric characteristics in the channel, the first node determines that a more complex beam type is needed, and the feedback signaling suggests that the second node switch to the Mathieu beam, which is suitable for scenarios with elliptical reflection paths or complex geometric reflections.

[0102] S6: When the channel complexity increases further, the reflection path becomes irregular or multipath overlaps, the first node recommends that the second node switch to the Weber beam, which can handle uneven or complex environments and maintain robust transmission performance.

[0103] S7: If the obstacle is removed or the channel conditions are restored, the first node can send back signaling to suggest that the second node switch back to the DFT beam in order to maximize the transmission efficiency of the far-field LOS channel and simplify complexity and signaling overhead.

[0104] The second node first needs to configure a beam set (also known as a candidate codebook set) for the first node. To instruct the second node on how to switch codebooks, the first node needs to send specific signaling instructions to the second node, including whether to switch and which beam set to switch to. These instructions should be extended from traditional methods and transmitted via existing CSI feedback mechanisms or RRC / PDCCH signaling.

[0105] The above steps can be executed sequentially according to a predetermined order, or switched based on channel conditions and current codebook out-of-order behavior. For example, if a Bessel beam is currently being used and a complete blockage is encountered, the first node may directly instruct a switch to an Airy beam, without relying on the intermediate FRFT beam. The entire handover process is dynamically adjusted based on channel conditions, beam characteristics, and the first node's judgment.

[0106] The following is the reporting strategy for the first indication information, which can be configured by the network.

[0107] When issuing scheduling information, the first node is required to report CBI (PDCCH scheduling triggered); when channel conditions change beyond a preset threshold, CBI reporting is automatically triggered (channel change triggered); when new data scheduling is received, the first node prioritizes reporting CBI (data scheduling triggered). First-node processing may include measurement window configuration, where the first node configures a measurement window and performs a moving average on the CSI-RS measurement results to ensure CBI accuracy; a multi-path selection mechanism is employed to support selecting the optimal codebook by measuring the signal quality of different paths when multiple channel paths are available.

[0108] For example, in scenarios where the channel changes frequently, a short period (5ms) is used for periodic reporting to ensure timely feedback of the channel status; in scenarios where the channel changes slowly, a longer period (100ms) or non-periodic reporting is used, and reporting is triggered based on specific events; in high mobility scenarios, the base station frequently adjusts the dynamic codebook subset to improve selection efficiency.

[0109] One possible implementation employs a dynamic codebook subset selection mechanism. This mechanism allows the second node to adjust candidate codebooks in real time based on the first node's mobility, channel conditions, and network load, providing a smaller subset of codebooks for the first node to choose from. During configuration, the second node notifies the first node of the currently active subset of codebooks via indication signaling, ensuring that the first node can efficiently select the optimal codebook in a rapidly changing environment.

[0110] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the codewords of the codebook to be switched satisfy at least one of the following forms:

[0111] The phase of a codeword element is related to a first-order term of the codeword index; optionally, the codewords in the codebook may satisfy the following form:

[0112] The phase of a codeword element is related to a quadratic term in the codeword index; optionally, the codeword form of the codebook satisfies:

[0113] The phase of a codeword element is related to the distance from the corresponding position of the codeword element to the center point of the array; optionally, the codeword form of the codebook satisfies that the (m,n)th codeword element can be represented as

[0114] The phase of a codeword element is related to the quadratic term of the codeword index, and the phase of a codeword element is related to the airy function; optionally, the form of the codeword satisfies that the (m,n)th codeword element can be represented as:

[0115] Where, x m,n This represents the coordinates of the (m,n)th codeword element.

[0116] The codeword format satisfies the Mathieu beam precoding format;

[0117] The codeword format satisfies the Weber beam precoding format.

[0118] It should be noted that the first indication information indicating the codebook to be switched can be a direct indication, such as including the index of the codebook to be switched; or it can be an indirect indication, such as indicating obstruction information, so that the second node can determine the codebook to be switched based on the obstruction information. In another implementation, when the first indication information indicates obstruction information, the second node can perform transmission optimization (such as adjusting the transmission power) based on the obstruction information reported by the first node, thereby reducing the interference of obstacles on signal transmission and improving signal transmission efficiency and stability.

[0119] Example 2: When the first indication information directly indicates the codebook to be switched, the first node determines the codebook to be switched. The following is a description of how the first node determines the codebook to be switched.

[0120] Method 1: Determine the codebook to be switched based on channel state information.

[0121] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3, the method provided in this embodiment further includes:

[0122] S301, The first node acquires the first channel state reference signal resource.

[0123] The first channel state reference signal resource (CSI-RS resource) can be determined by the first node itself, or it can be indicated to the first node by the second node. Optionally, the first channel state reference signal resource (i.e., the first channel state reference signal resource) can be a channel state information reference signal resource used for codebook selection (CB selection).

[0124] S302, The first node determines the codebook to be switched based on the channel state information corresponding to the first channel state information reference signal resource.

[0125] The first node can determine the channel state information of the channels of the first node and the second node based on the reference signal resources using the first channel state information. Then, the first node can determine a codebook suitable for that channel state information (i.e., the current channel environment) based on the channel state information, thereby improving signal transmission efficiency.

[0126] Method 2: Determine the codebook to be switched based on the received power.

[0127] Referring to Figure 3 and as shown in Figure 4, the first channel state information reference signal resource includes at least one antenna port. In the above S302, the first node determines the codebook to be switched based on the channel state information corresponding to the first channel state information reference signal resource, specifically including:

[0128] S401, The first node measures the received power of at least one antenna port.

[0129] Codebook configuration: The second node is pre-configured with a codebook set, denoted as {C1, C2, ..., C...} M Each codebook corresponds to a specific precoding matrix, representing different spatial multiplexing or beamforming strategies. The codebook set is transmitted to the first node via control signaling.

[0130] The first node evaluates channel conditions by measuring the received power at at least one antenna port (K ports). Each port corresponds to the channel response of a physical antenna or a virtual antenna. For each port, the received power measured by the first node can be expressed as: P port,k =|h k | 2 Among them, h k This represents the channel gain of the k-th port.

[0131] S402, The first node determines the codebook to be switched based on the received power of at least one antenna port.

[0132] The codebook to be switched can be selected based on the received power of at least one antenna port according to the following codebook selection criteria:

[0133] The maximum received power criterion is used to select the codebook that maximizes the received power as the codebook to be switched.

[0134] The multi-port weighted averaging criterion allows the first node to perform a weighted average of the received power of all antenna ports. The performance of each codebook is evaluated based on the weighted average result, and the codebook with the highest received power after weighted averaging is selected.

[0135] The occlusion direction avoidance criterion allows the first node to detect occlusion directions and avoid selecting codebooks pointing in those directions. It selects codebooks from the candidate codebook set that point in directions without obvious obstacles.

[0136] The diffraction or reflection path optimization criterion states that when reflection or diffraction paths exist in the channel, the first node can preferentially select a codebook that can utilize these paths. Such codebooks can enhance the signal strength obtained from non-direct paths and reduce dependence on direct paths.

[0137] The obstacle penetration criterion involves the first node identifying the path that needs to penetrate the obstacle based on channel measurements. In this case, Bessel beams can guarantee signal integrity without significant diffraction, and the first node preferentially selects this type of codebook to maximize channel quality.

[0138] Obstacle bypass criterion: When there are obstructions in the channel and the direct path is unavailable, the self-acceleration characteristic of the Airy beam can help the signal bypass the obstruction. The first node will select the Airy beam codebook to ensure that the signal can reach the receiver.

[0139] In addition to simply maximizing received power, the first node can also combine information such as channel delay spread, multipath propagation, obstacle location and movement to perform channel prediction, evaluate the multidimensional performance of each codebook, and select the codebook that maximizes communication performance.

[0140] It should be noted that the codebook selected at this time may contain codewords from a codebook of the same type as before the switch, or it may contain codewords from a codebook of a different type. Generally, occlusion causes the current codebook to perform poorly, and choosing a new codebook format may reduce overhead in this case.

[0141] Method 3: Determine the codebook to be switched based on channel response

[0142] Referring to Figure 2 and as shown in Figure 5, the method provided in this embodiment further includes:

[0143] S501, The first node acquires the first channel state information reference signal resources.

[0144] The first channel state information reference signal resource includes at least one antenna port (i.e., K ports).

[0145] The second node can configure CSI-RS resources for the first node for CSI measurements. The CSI-RS signal is transmitted through K antenna ports, and the second node sends a different CSI-RS sequence through each antenna port, so that the first node can measure the channel on multiple ports.

[0146] S502, The first node measures the channel response of at least one antenna port.

[0147] One possible scenario is that the channel response of the K ports is Y, the CSI-RS sequence is X, and the actual channel is H. The process of the second node transmitting CSI-RS signals on the K ports can be represented as: Y = HX + N

[0148] Where N represents noise. Let H be the channel response for each antenna port k. k The first node uses the received CSI-RS sequence to estimate the channel response of each port through least squares estimation or other algorithms:

[0149] in, It is the pseudo-inverse of the emission sequence, Y kIt is the received signal, the obtained It is a channel estimate.

[0150] One possible scenario is that the channel response of the K ports is Y, the precoding matrix is ​​W, the transmitted signal matrix is ​​X, and the actual channel is H. The CSI-RS signal transmission process of the second node on the K ports can be represented as: Y = HWX + N

[0151] Where N represents noise. After receiving the CSI-RS signal from the second node, the first node measures the channel response at each antenna port. The equivalent channel response of the first node can be expressed as:

[0152] Here It is the equivalent channel response matrix, which contains information about the precoding matrix W.

[0153] The channel response for each antenna port k is H. k To obtain the actual channel matrix H, the first node needs to obtain the equivalent channel response. The precoding matrix W of the second node is decoupled. One possible decoupling method is that the first node knows the precoding matrix W of the second node, so decoupling can be achieved through matrix inversion. Another possible decoupling method is that the terminal (i.e., the first node) to Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) is performed to extract the dominant direction of the channel and the role of precoding.

[0154] S503, the first node performs a first transformation process on at least one antenna port based on the channel response, and determines the codebook to be switched based on the result of the first transformation process.

[0155] In one possible implementation, the first transformation process includes a combination of at least one or more of the following: matrix transformation, linear transformation, matrix inversion, correlation calculation, singular value decomposition, Fourier transform, and discrete cosine transform.

[0156] The candidate codebook set consists of M codebooks, denoted as {C1, C2, ..., C...} M}

[0157] The first node will measure the channel response. With each codebook C in the codebook set i The codebooks are compared to evaluate their performance under the current channel.

[0158] One possible scenario is that the first node measures the channel response matrix. Acts on each codebook C i Calculate the effective channel response of the codewords for each codebook.

[0159] One possible approach is to evaluate the transmission performance of each codebook by calculating the channel quality (such as signal gain or signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio) after the codewords are applied.

[0160] One possible approach is for the first node to calculate the correlation between codewords to analyze the similarity of different codebooks under channel conditions, thereby selecting the optimal codebook.

[0161] One possible approach is for the first node to perform singular value decomposition on the channel response matrix, obtaining a left-right orthogonal matrix and a singular value matrix. The first node then selects a suitable codebook based on the change in the dominant direction.

[0162] One possible scenario is that the first node uses the Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) criterion to suppress noise in the measured channel response and extract more accurate channel information.

[0163] One possibility is that in a frequency-selective channel, the first node uses a Fourier transform to convert the time-domain channel response into a frequency-domain representation, thereby selecting a frequency-optimized codebook.

[0164] One possible scenario is that, in a multipath channel environment, the first node can weight and superimpose the channel responses from different ports, optimize the energy concentration effect of the channel response based on path gain and direction, and select the optimal codebook that matches the channel direction from the candidate codebooks.

[0165] One possible approach is for the first node to compress the channel response using Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), reducing the channel's dimensionality and extracting the most representative channel features. After the DCT transformation, the first node selects a codebook based on these features.

[0166] Method 4: Determine the codebook to be switched based on occlusion information

[0167] Referring to Figure 2 and as shown in Figure 6, the method provided in this embodiment further includes:

[0168] S601, The first node acquires the first channel state information reference signal resources.

[0169] It is understood that the description of S601 can be referred to the description of S301 and S501 above, and will not be repeated in this embodiment.

[0170] S602, The first node determines the channel obstruction information based on the channel state information corresponding to the first channel state information reference signal resource.

[0171] Since the strength and attenuation of the channel are related to obstacles in the channel, the first node can determine the channel obstruction information based on the changes in the channel state information signal. For example, if the strength of the signal received at port 1 is less than that at port 2, it can be determined that there is an obstacle in the channel corresponding to port 1.

[0172] S603, The first node determines the codebook to be switched based on the occlusion information.

[0173] After determining the occlusion information, the first node can choose an appropriate codebook, such as the Airy codebook, which uses its diffraction properties to ensure the signal continues to transmit along a non-direct path. Alternatively, it can choose the Bessel codebook, utilizing its non-diffraction properties and self-healing ability to ensure the signal bypasses local obstacles.

[0174] The above describes various methods by which the first node determines the codebook to be switched when the first indication information directly indicates the codebook to be switched. In cases where the first indication information indirectly indicates the codebook to be switched, the first indication information includes channel obstruction information, which is used to instruct the second node to determine the codebook to be switched based on the obstruction information. The following describes the methods by which the first node determines the obstruction information.

[0175] Method 5, referring to Figure 2 and as shown in Figure 7, the method provided in this disclosure embodiment further includes:

[0176] S701, The first node acquires the first channel state information reference signal resources.

[0177] It can be understood that the first node can refer to the above-mentioned S301 and S501 to obtain the first channel state information reference signal resources, and this embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited in this respect.

[0178] S702, The first node determines the channel obstruction information based on the channel state information corresponding to the first channel state information reference signal resource.

[0179] It can be understood that the method by which the first node determines the channel obstruction information can refer to the above-described S602, and this embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0180] Method Six: Referring to Figure 7 and Figure 8, in the above S702, the first channel state information reference signal resource includes at least one antenna port. The first node determines the channel obstruction information based on the channel state information corresponding to the first channel state information reference signal resource, specifically including:

[0181] S801, The first node measures the received power of at least one antenna port.

[0182] It is understood that the first node's measurement of the received power of at least one antenna port can be referred to the description of S401 above, and this embodiment of the present disclosure will not repeat it.

[0183] S802, the first node determines the blocking information based on the received power of at least one antenna port.

[0184] The first node can determine obstruction information based on the received power of at least one antenna port. For example, if the received power is much lower than the received power of other antenna ports (or the previous received power), it can be determined that there is an obstacle in the channel corresponding to that antenna port. Furthermore, the first node can also determine the location, size, and other information of the obstacle in the channel based on that antenna port.

[0185] Method 7: Referring to Figure 2 and as shown in Figure 9, the method provided in this embodiment further includes:

[0186] S901, The first node acquires the first channel state information reference signal resources.

[0187] The first channel state information reference signal resource includes at least one antenna port.

[0188] It is understood that the first node can obtain the first channel state information reference signal resources by referring to the description of S301 and S501 above, and this embodiment will not repeat it here.

[0189] S902, the first node measures the channel response information of at least one antenna port and performs a second transformation process on at least one antenna port based on the channel response information.

[0190] The second transformation process includes at least one or more of the following combinations: matrix transformation, linear transformation, matrix inversion, time-frequency transformation, wavenumber domain transformation, principal component analysis, singular value decomposition, and minimum mean square error estimation.

[0191] Let Y be the channel response of the K ports, X be the CSI-RS sequence, and H be the actual channel. The process of the CSI-RS signal transmitted by the second node on the K ports can be represented as: Y = HX + N;

[0192] Where N represents noise.

[0193] One possible approach is to denote the channel response of each antenna port k as H. k The first node uses the received CSI-RS sequence to estimate the channel response of each port through least squares estimation or other algorithms:

[0194] in, It is the pseudo-inverse of the emission sequence, Y k It is the received signal, the obtained It is a channel estimate.

[0195] One possible scenario is that the channel response of the K ports is Y, the precoding matrix is ​​W, the transmitted signal matrix is ​​X, and the actual channel is H. The CSI-RS signal transmission process of the second node on the K ports can be represented as: Y = HWX + N

[0196] Where N represents noise.

[0197] After receiving the CSI-RS signal from the second node, the first node measures the channel response at each antenna port. The equivalent channel response of the first node can be expressed as:

[0198] Here It is the equivalent channel response matrix, which contains information about the precoding matrix W.

[0199] The channel response for each antenna port k is H. k To obtain the actual channel matrix H, the first node needs to obtain the equivalent channel response. The precoding matrix W of the second node is decoupled. One possible decoupling method is that the first node knows the precoding matrix W of the second node, so decoupling can be achieved through matrix inversion. Another possible decoupling method is that the first node pair Singular value decomposition is performed to extract the dominant direction of the channel and the role of precoding. Optionally, the first node is based on the obtained channel response H for each antenna port k. k Process the data to obtain occlusion information.

[0200] S903, the first node determines the occlusion information based on the result of the second transformation.

[0201] For example: (1) By performing a short-time Fourier transform on the time-domain channel response, the first node can obtain the time-frequency characteristics of the channel. If the energy of certain frequency components or time-domain signals is attenuated, it may indicate the presence of occlusion. This transform can help the first node identify the presence of occlusion in the time-frequency domain.

[0202] (2) The first node can project the channel response onto different spatial directions using beamforming technology and measure the signal strength in each beam direction. If the beam signal is significantly attenuated in some directions, it indicates that there may be obstruction in those directions. The angle information after beamforming can help the first node feed back detailed obstruction directions to the second node.

[0203] (3) The first node can use Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to reduce the dimensionality of the channel matrix and extract the most significant directions of change in the channel. If occlusion causes significant changes in channel conditions, PCA can help identify these changes and determine their impact on overall channel quality. This transformation can be used to identify signal energy changes and path losses caused by occlusion.

[0204] (4) By performing singular value decomposition on the channel matrix, the first node can analyze the changes in singular values. If occlusion affects the multipath propagation characteristics of the channel, the magnitude and distribution of the singular values ​​will change, thus allowing the occlusion information to be inferred. Based on the changes in singular values, the first node provides feedback on the occlusion status in the channel.

[0205] (5) Through MMSE estimation, the first node can calculate the change in channel estimation error. If occlusion causes a significant increase in the channel noise level, the MMSE process will feed back this change and be able to infer the degree and location of the occlusion.

[0206] It is understood that the existence, direction, state, and degree of obstruction mentioned above all constitute obstruction information. Obstruction information can include situations where the antenna port is obstructed, or it can include situations involving obstacles.

[0207] Scenario 1: Obstruction information includes situations where the antenna port is obstructed.

[0208] When the first node provides feedback on occlusion information, the occlusion information may include feedback on single-path occlusion information or multi-path occlusion information.

[0209] Feedback on single-path occlusion information:

[0210] The first indication information may include the situation where the antenna port of the first node is blocked. For example, the blocking information may be represented by 0 / 1 (e.g., 1 indicates that the port is blocked and 0 indicates that it is not blocked), and the starting port position (or number, index) of the blocked port may be fed back to indicate that the signal is blocked by an obstacle at a certain antenna port.

[0211] Alternatively, the first node can provide feedback on the starting port of the obstruction and the length of the obstruction area (i.e., the number of consecutively obstructed ports), indicating from which port the obstruction begins and providing the specific length of the obstruction area. For example, if the starting port is port 3 and the obstruction length is 5 ports, it means that the signal of 5 consecutive ports starting from port 3 is obstructed by the obstacle. The second node can then adjust the beam direction of these ports or change the transmission strategy to bypass the obstructed area.

[0212] In fact, when the occlusion area is continuous, the starting port index of the occlusion reported by the first node is equivalent to the starting port index of the occlusion reported by the first node and the length of the occlusion area. For example, if the starting port index of the occlusion reported by the first node includes port2, port3, and port4, it means that these three consecutive ports are occluded.

[0213] Furthermore, the impact of obstacles on the second node side may not be a simple 0 / 1 distribution, but a gradual energy change process. In addition to the obstructed area, additional information may be needed to describe the characteristics of the port's received signal.

[0214] For example, the first node reports the initial port index of the obstruction along with a change in signal gain. The decrease in signal gain reflects the length of the obstruction, helping the second node to further understand the impact of the obstacle. For instance, if the initial port index is port3 and the signal gain decreases by 10dB, the second node can adjust the beam power or transmission direction accordingly.

[0215] Alternatively, the first node can provide feedback on the starting port index of the obstructed area and the signal incident angle offset caused by the obstacle, which can help the second node optimize the beam direction.

[0216] Alternatively, the second node can provide the index of the initial port where the signal is blocked, along with the occlusion depth. The occlusion depth indicates the degree to which the obstacle obstructs the signal. For example, if the initial port is port3 and the occlusion depth is quantized as "high," it means the signal is severely blocked, and the second node needs to perform beam switching.

[0217] Alternatively, the first node may report the starting port index, accompanied by a change in delay spread. The delay spread of the signal can reflect an increase in propagation time due to obstacles.

[0218] Alternatively, the first node can feed back the index of the obstructed starting port and information on the enhanced reflection path. Obstacles may cause enhancement of the signal reflection path. This information can help the second node optimize using the reflected signal. For example, if the obstructed starting port is port3 and the reflected path signal is enhanced by 30%, the second node can use this information to adjust the beam direction and optimize signal transmission.

[0219] Alternatively, in the case of multipath signal propagation, the first node reports changes in multiple angles. Obstacles not only affect the direct path but also the multipath signal. The first node needs to report information about multiple paths; for example, if the blocked starting port is port3, and the angle offsets of the multiple reflection paths are 10 degrees and 20 degrees respectively, the second node can use this information to adjust multiple beams to cope with the complex channel environment.

[0220] Alternatively, the first node can provide feedback on the initial port index of the obstruction, combined with energy distribution information, to describe the energy change of the signal after being affected by an obstacle. This feedback helps the second node understand the impact of the obstacle on the signal more accurately and adjust beam power and direction accordingly. For example, if the initial port is port 3, the energy distribution shows that the signal energy gradually decreases starting from port 3. Specifically, the signal energy decreases by 10% at port 3, 20% at port 4, 40% at port 5, and 60% at port 6, indicating that the obstacle gradually increases its obstruction of the signal starting from port 3. The second node can use this energy distribution information to adjust beamforming and optimize signal transmission power.

[0221] In one possible scenario, a function can be used to describe the energy distribution information of the port. The chosen function might be a window function; that is, the first node feeds back the occluded initial port and uses a window function to describe the signal's energy distribution information.

[0222] For example, the energy distribution of the 0 / 1 state can be characterized using a rectangular window function, representing the signal energy suddenly dropping to 0 after a certain port. This method can concisely represent the drastic change in signal after being blocked by an obstacle.

[0223] For example, a cosine roll-off window function can be used to describe the gradual change in energy. In this case, the signal energy does not suddenly drop to 0, but gradually decays from the initial port, and the energy distribution shows a smooth transition curve.

[0224] Suppose that the signal energy gradually decays starting from the initial port p0, this can be described using a roll-off window function (such as a cosine window). The cosine roll-off window function can be expressed as:

[0225] Where p0 represents the starting port where energy decay begins, L is the length of the shading effect, and w(p) is the energy distribution of each port.

[0226] Based on this energy distribution information, the second node can use the feedback starting port p0 and the obstruction length L to calculate the change in signal energy through a cosine roll-off window function, and then adjust the beam direction or power allocation to make the transmission strategy more accurately adapt to the influence of obstacles. At this time, the first node needs to inform the second node of the initial port, the obstruction length (or the ending port), and the type of window function.

[0227] Furthermore, when designing a suitable window function to describe the energy distribution at the first node, the key is to select an appropriate window function based on the characteristics of signal obstruction by obstacles. Different obstruction conditions may correspond to different energy attenuation modes, therefore, it is necessary to flexibly select a window function to represent this attenuation.

[0228] One possible window function is the rectangular window, which is suitable for scenarios where occlusion caused by obstacles is very sudden, and the signal energy drops to 0 almost instantaneously after the initial port. This situation typically occurs when an obstacle completely blocks the propagation path, with almost no gradual transition. The signal energy remains at 1 before the initial port p0, and then immediately drops to 0. This window function is simple and effective, and suitable for scenarios with complete occlusion.

[0229] One possible window function is the cosine roll-off window, which is suitable for scenarios where occlusion caused by obstacles is relatively smooth, and the signal energy gradually decays rather than rapidly. It typically corresponds to partial occlusion or situations where the occlusion edges are relatively blurred. Starting from the initial port p0, the energy gradually decays according to a cosine curve until it drops to 0 at p0+L. The cosine roll-off window is suitable for describing relatively gentle signal energy transitions.

[0230] One possible window function is the Gaussian window, which is suitable for scenarios where occlusion caused by obstacles exhibits nonlinear energy attenuation, and the occlusion process involves complex factors such as multipath reflection. In this case, the energy attenuation may exhibit a Gaussian distribution. The Gaussian window can describe the Gaussian distribution attenuation pattern of signal energy as an obstacle is affected, and is suitable for complex occlusion scenarios, especially under multipath propagation conditions. The corresponding mathematical representation is:

[0231] The parameter σ determines the smoothness of signal attenuation; a larger value results in slower signal attenuation, suitable for complex occlusion scenarios. In this case, the first node needs to inform the second node of the initial port, the length of the occlusion region (or the termination port), and the type of window function. The parameter σ can be indicated by L.

[0232] One possible window function is the Hanning window, which is suitable for scenarios where energy decay is relatively smooth and abrupt edge effects need to be avoided. It is similar to cosine roll-off, but the transition is smoother, making it suitable for scenarios that are sensitive to changes in the occlusion area.

[0233] One possible window function is the Kaiser window, which is suitable for scenarios requiring high flexibility in energy decay, where the shape parameters of the window function need to be controlled to adapt to different shading intensities and decay rates. The corresponding mathematical representation is:

[0234] Here, I0 represents the 0th-order cointegrating Bessel function, and β controls the shape of the window function; the larger the value, the more severe the attenuation. The Kaiser window can flexibly control the smoothness of attenuation by adjusting the parameter β, making it suitable for different degrees of signal obstruction. In this case, the first node needs to inform the second node of the initial port, the obstruction length (or the termination port), and the type and parameter β of the window function.

[0235] A simple selection principle is to use a rectangular window if the signal is completely blocked, and a cosine roll-off window, Gaussian window, or Hanning window if the blockage is partial or gradual. Gaussian or Kaiser windows are suitable for describing nonlinear attenuation in complex multipath propagation scenarios. If a smoother transition is required (avoiding abrupt changes in signal energy), the Hanning or Kaiser window is a better choice.

[0236] The choice of window function depends on the smoothness of energy changes and the attenuation rate. In practice, a suitable window function can be extracted or selected based on the energy distribution, and the parameters of the window function can be configured, typically based on the attenuation characteristics of the signal energy, the degree of obstruction, and the trend of signal changes.

[0237] One possible scenario is that the first node measures the distribution of signal energy at different antenna ports of the second node using the received CSI signal, recording the signal attenuation trend. Based on the signal strength received by different antennas, the first node can plot a curve showing the energy change with the antenna port. By analyzing the curve, it can be determined whether the signal energy drops abruptly or changes gradually. The abruptness of the energy change determines the type of window function selected. For example, a rapid decrease in energy usually corresponds to a rectangular window, while a gradual decrease corresponds to a cosine roll-off window or a Gaussian window, etc.

[0238] One possibility is to determine the starting port where energy attenuation begins based on CSI measurements, i.e., the starting point of the blockage. For example, if the blockage begins to affect the signal from a certain antenna port, then that port is the starting port.

[0239] Furthermore, the window function parameters are extracted. The port location where the signal energy decays to a preset threshold is determined. Based on the energy change curve, the port location where the decay threshold is located is extracted, thereby determining the boundaries and parameters of the window function.

[0240] The preset threshold may be configured for the second node or selected for the first node. Possible threshold forms include absolute values, fixed percentages of energy of a certain port divided by peak energy (such as 50% or 20%), etc.

[0241] Furthermore, the first node feeds back the selected window function and its parameters (such as the occlusion start port, occlusion length, window function type and smoothness) to the second node, which uses this information to adjust the beam direction or switch the precoding codebook.

[0242] One possible scenario is that the first node uses existing CSI feedback mechanisms to provide obstruction information using parameters such as PMI and CQI. The second node then infers the channel state based on these feedback parameters and performs beam adjustment. This approach has strong compatibility with existing protocols and is suitable for gradually introducing obstacle feedback functionality.

[0243] One possible scenario is that the first node feeds back the initial port and window function parameters of the occlusion to the second node, describing the energy distribution of the occluded area. The feedback information is quantized using existing CSI feedback mechanisms and transmitted via PDCCH or RRC signaling.

[0244] One possibility is that the first node introduces new signaling to directly provide feedback on information such as the type of the window function, the starting port of the obstruction, the obstruction length, and the attenuation smoothness. This feedback can more accurately reflect the impact of obstacles on the channel.

[0245] One possible scenario is that the first node uses a window function to provide feedback on the energy distribution information of the obstructed area. This window function represents the signal energy gradually decreasing from the beginning of the obstructed area until it reaches its lowest value at the end. After receiving feedback from the first node, the second node can adjust its beam transmission power based on the energy distribution curve of the window. Specifically, when the second node knows that the signal energy gradually decreases within the obstructed area, it can increase the transmission power to compensate for the signal attenuation, ensuring sufficient signal coverage within the obstructed area. Furthermore, the second node can optimize the signal transmission angle and beamwidth based on the feedback from this window function, ensuring enhanced signal reception performance within the obstructed area.

[0246] One possible scenario is that the second node selects the most suitable beam transmission method based on the type of the feedback window function and the length of the obstruction area. The window feedback information includes not only the starting point of energy attenuation but also the gradual amplitude of energy attenuation, allowing the second node to choose different beam types for signal transmission. For example, if the obstruction area is short and the signal energy change is relatively smooth, the second node can choose a narrower beam transmission method to reduce energy diffusion and improve signal concentration; if the obstruction area is long and the signal energy change is more drastic, the second node may choose a wider beam to cover more areas, thereby compensating for the influence of the obstruction on the signal.

[0247] Feedback on multipath occlusion information:

[0248] In multipath scenarios, the first node needs to report occlusion information for each path. Since different paths are affected by obstacles differently, the feedback information for each path needs to be designed separately. In multipath propagation, the first node reports the coordinates of multiple occlusion segments, and the second node optimizes the transmission strategy based on this feedback. When multiple occlusions exist, the first node needs to report the relevant parameters for each occlusion separately, while the second node handles the overlapping of multiple occlusion areas.

[0249] First, for multiple obstructions, the first node provides feedback on the starting port index and obstruction length for each obstructed region. Optionally, the first node provides the starting point and length information for multiple obstructed regions; for example, the starting port for path 1 is port 3, and the obstruction length is 5 ports; the starting port index for path 2 is port 7, and the obstruction length is 3 ports. The second node can adjust the beam direction and power allocation for different port indices based on this feedback information to avoid obstructed regions.

[0250] When multiple occlusion areas overlap, the second node is responsible for handling the feedback information of the overlapping areas.

[0251] One possible scenario is that the obstruction area of ​​path 1 extends from port 3 to port 7, and the obstruction area of ​​path 2 extends from port 5 to port 8. When the second node receives the overlap feedback, it needs to identify and process the overlapping area (i.e., port 5 to port 7). The second node can perform beam optimization on the overlapping area based on changes in signal strength or the characteristics of multipath propagation to ensure that the signal transmission quality is not affected.

[0252] In multipath propagation scenarios, the first node needs to feed back multiple sets of occlusion information, each corresponding to an independent propagation path. Each set of feedback information contains one or more of the following key parameters:

[0253] The starting port p0 and length L of the obstructed area;

[0254] The incident angle of the signal or the offset of the incident angle;

[0255] Energy distribution in the shaded area;

[0256] The type of window function used and its parameters (such as cosine roll-off window or Gaussian window, etc.);

[0257] The feedback order is determined jointly by the first and second nodes, ensuring that even if some parameters are missing, the second node can still decode according to known rules.

[0258] One possible scenario is that, for each multipath signal, the occlusion information fed back by the first node includes the starting port position, the length of the occlusion region (also known as the occlusion length), and the corresponding window function parameters. Due to differences in angle and obstacles along each path, the starting port and occlusion region length in the feedback information will vary. By feeding back this information path-by-path, the base station can adjust the beam for each path based on the different occlusion information. Especially in complex scenarios with multiple reflection paths, the first node can feed back different occlusion information for each reflection path, including energy distribution and angle offset.

[0259] One possible scenario is that when the obstruction information of multiple paths overlaps, the first node can inform the second node of the obstruction status of the multipath signal in the same area by feeding back multiple sets of information about the overlapping region. In this case, the first node will feed back the starting port, obstruction length, and corresponding window function type for each signal path. When the obstruction areas of multiple signal paths overlap, the second node can infer the overall impact of the obstruction area based on the multipath feedback from the first node and adjust the transmission strategy of multiple beams accordingly.

[0260] One possible scenario is that the window function fed back by the first node describes the degree of obstruction for each multipath signal, and the second node selects an appropriate beam type to transmit the signal based on the feedback. The second node adjusts the transmit power and beam shape of the beam using these window functions. The type and parameters of the window function may differ for each path. For some paths, the signal energy may gradually attenuate from the starting port, described using a cosine roll-off window function; while for other paths, the signal may be suddenly obstructed, which can be represented by a rectangular window function to indicate complete obstruction. After receiving these different window functions, the second node can more effectively adjust the transmission strategy for different paths.

[0261] One possible scenario is that during multipath signal feedback, the first node not only feeds back the starting port and length of the obstruction, but also the angle information of each multipath signal. Since the obstruction angle is different for each path, the second node can adjust the beam direction or select different beam patterns based on the angle information and obstruction feedback for each path.

[0262] For example, the first node provides feedback that the blocked area of ​​path 1 starts at port 3, has a length of 5 ports, an incident angle offset of 10 degrees, and uses a cosine roll-down window for energy distribution; the blocked area of ​​path 2 starts at port 7, has a length of 3 ports, an incident angle offset of 15 degrees, and uses a rectangular window for energy distribution. The second node can adjust the beamforming of each path based on this feedback information and perform targeted codebook selection for different blocked areas.

[0263] Each set of feedback parameters can be quantified and transmitted using the traditional CSI feedback mechanism.

[0264] One possible scenario is that the first node feeds back obstruction information through existing signaling such as PMI and CQI, and the second node infers the channel state and makes adjustments based on this feedback.

[0265] Another possibility is that the first node introduces a new signaling mechanism to specifically report detailed information about the obstruction, such as the starting port, obstruction length, angle offset, and window function parameters. The second node can then use this information to adjust its transmission strategy more precisely, ensuring signal transmission quality.

[0266] Another consideration is the combined impact of multipath feedback from the first node.

[0267] One possible scenario is that when the combined effect of multiple paths causes a change in energy distribution, the first node needs to simultaneously feed back the combined energy distribution information of the multiple paths. In this case, the first node no longer only feeds back the occlusion information of each path, but rather the signal energy distribution under the combined effect of multiple paths. For the combined effect of multiple paths, the first node can use a unified window function to describe the energy changes of the signal at each port, and the second node adjusts the transmission strategy based on this combined energy distribution.

[0268] One possible scenario is that when the obstruction areas of multipath signals overlap and affect energy distribution, the first node feeds back a new window function to describe the energy changes of all paths. In this case, the obstruction information from different paths is integrated into an energy distribution curve, which may be described by a roll-off window, a Gaussian window, or other suitable window function, reflecting the simultaneous impact of different paths on signal energy. After receiving this integrated window function, the base station can adjust beamforming, beamwidth, and transmit power to ensure that signal energy attenuation across all paths is compensated.

[0269] One possibility is that, for the complex energy distribution caused by multipath effects, the occlusion information fed back by the first node can be described by multiple window functions to describe the signal energy changes in each segment. For example, at some ports, the energy changes are more drastic, and a rectangular window may be needed to describe the effect of occlusion, while at other ports, the energy attenuation is relatively gradual, and a cosine roll-off window or a Gaussian window can be used to describe it.

[0270] One possibility is that the commonly used window function may not be sufficient to accurately describe the energy distribution of the second-node antenna. In this case, a combination of one or more window functions or a combination of one or more commonly used functions f can be used to describe the energy distribution. Function f includes at least one of the following: linear function, logarithmic function, exponential function, trigonometric function, inverse trigonometric function, or a combination of at least two functions. The function type and its coefficients used in the first-node feedback are indicated to the second node.

[0271] One possibility is that the energy distribution curve reported by the first node contains the combined effect of multiple overlapping paths, and the second node uses this information to determine the severity of the combined occlusion. If the energy distribution exhibits multiple peaks or dips, the second node can optimize transmission quality by switching codebooks.

[0272] One possibility is that the first node integrates the angle information and energy change curve of the obstructed area through feedback, and the second node can adjust the type, direction and shape of multiple beams based on the integrated feedback.

[0273] Scenario 2: Obstruction information may include information about obstacles.

[0274] First, when the occlusion information includes obstacle information, the first node can perform channel measurement and estimation by measuring the reference signal, analyze changes in the channel state, and thus infer information such as the presence, location, speed, direction, size, moving distance, trajectory, reflection characteristics, shape, and degree of occlusion of the obstacle. The method for determining the obstacle will be described below.

[0275] (1) Based on the measured channel, the first node first determines the presence of the obstacle.

[0276] One possibility is that the first node infers the presence of an obstacle in the signal propagation path by observing significant changes in the CSI signal's delay and multipath reflections. For example, a sudden increase in delay, or a larger delay spread in the signal path, indicates that the main path is blocked by an obstacle, creating a new reflection path.

[0277] One possibility is that frequent changes in PMI feedback, especially significant changes in the direction of the precoding matrix, allow the first node to infer that a disturbance has occurred in the signal path, possibly due to the presence of an obstacle causing a change in the propagation direction.

[0278] One possibility is that a rapid drop in CQI reflects an obstacle blocking the signal's propagation path. A sudden drop in CQI usually indicates that signal transmission is affected by an obstacle, causing obstruction or reflection loss.

[0279] One possibility is that a decrease in the RI value indicates a reduction in the channel's rank, thus weakening the signal's multiplexing capability. This reduction in the channel's rank could be due to obstacles blocking multiple propagation paths, reducing the available reflection paths.

[0280] (2) Based on the measured channel, the first node can obtain the location information of the obstacle.

[0281] One possible scenario is that the first node infers the relative position of obstacles based on CSI delay spread. The closer the obstacle is to the first node, the more significant the change in delay spread. The first node can estimate the distance to the obstacle by continuously measuring the rate of change of delay spread.

[0282] One possibility is that the CQI changes rapidly as the obstacle approaches, causing the signal to attenuate more. Conversely, when the obstacle is farther away, the CQI changes more gradually.

[0283] One possibility is that frequent changes in PMI, combined with time delay spread, allow the first node to infer the approximate location of the obstacle relative to the second node or the signal path. If the PMI changes are mainly concentrated within a certain angular range, it indicates that the obstacle may be located in a specific direction and affect signal propagation in that direction.

[0284] One possibility is that phase variations in the channel can reflect the distance to obstacles. The frequency fluctuations in phase differences can help the first node further determine the location of obstacles relative to the signal source, especially in multipath environments.

[0285] (3) Based on the measured channel, the first node can obtain the speed and direction of movement of the obstacle.

[0286] One possibility is that the first node infers the obstacle's speed by analyzing the frequency of PMI changes over several consecutive measurement cycles. The more frequent the PMI changes, the faster the obstacle is moving. The PMI changes are even more pronounced when the obstacle's direction of movement aligns with the signal propagation path.

[0287] One possibility is that the first node can infer the obstacle's speed by observing the Doppler frequency shift of the signal. The movement of the obstacle causes a shift in the signal frequency; the greater the frequency shift, the faster the obstacle is moving.

[0288] One possibility is that the continuous offset angle of the PMI can reflect the direction of the obstacle's movement. If the direction of change of the PMI is stable, it indicates that the direction of the obstacle's movement in the signal path is stable.

[0289] One possibility is that the first node can infer the obstacle's direction of movement by observing the trend of delay spread in the CSI feedback. A gradual increase in delay spread indicates that the obstacle is approaching the signal source, while a gradual decrease in delay spread means that the obstacle is moving away from the signal source.

[0290] (4) Based on the measured channel, the first node can obtain the degree of occlusion of the obstacle.

[0291] One possibility is that the first node can estimate the degree of obstacle obstruction by measuring the CQI attenuation. The greater the decrease in channel gain, the more severe the obstacle obstruction.

[0292] One possibility is that when the signal delay spread increases significantly, the degree of obstruction by obstacles may also be high, indicating that the signal path is blocked over a large area, resulting in a significant increase in delay.

[0293] One possibility is that the impact of obstacles on the RI (Intensity Reduction) can reflect the degree of obstruction. A decrease in the RI value indicates that multiple signal paths are blocked, and the obstruction area is relatively large.

[0294] One possibility is that the directional offset in the PMI feedback can also reflect the degree of occlusion. A larger angular offset indicates a wider range of occlusion, while a smaller angular offset indicates a smaller range of occlusion.

[0295] (5) Based on the measured channel, the first node can obtain the trajectory information of the obstacle.

[0296] One possibility is that the first node can infer the obstacle's direction of movement by observing the PMI changes during the CSI measurement cycle. The frequent adjustments in the angle and direction of the PMI can help the first node map the obstacle's trajectory.

[0297] One possible scenario is that the first node infers the distance of the obstacle relative to itself by continuously measuring the changes in time delay spread over a period of time. The periodic increase or decrease in time delay spread can reflect the distance the obstacle has moved, thus forming trajectory information.

[0298] One possibility is that the first node can infer the obstacle's speed by observing changes in the Doppler frequency shift. The frequency shift of the Doppler effect is related to the obstacle's speed, and the obstacle's trajectory can be reflected by changes in this frequency shift.

[0299] One possibility is that CQI fluctuations reflect changes in the degree to which obstacles obstruct the signal, and the movement trajectory of obstacles in the channel can be inferred from CQI change trends.

[0300] One possibility is that the dynamic changes in the RI value can reflect the impact of obstacles on multipath paths, and the frequency and amplitude of RI changes can help the first node infer the movement trajectory of obstacles in the signal path.

[0301] One possibility is that the first node further refines the obstacle's movement path by measuring phase changes over multiple cycles. The frequency of phase difference fluctuations reflects the impact of the obstacle's movement on the signal.

[0302] It should be noted that after determining the obstacle information, the first node needs to feed back the obstacle information to the second node. The following describes how the first node feeds back the obstacle information.

[0303] One possible scenario is that the first node directly feeds back information such as the obstacle's position, speed, direction, and degree of occlusion to the second node. The feedback includes the obstacle's relative position, direction of movement, degree of occlusion, dynamic characteristics, and trajectory information. For example, the relative position can be directly estimated using the delay information obtained from the first node's channel measurements; the speed can be directly fed back based on the relative changes in the obstacle's movement; the direction of movement can be inferred by measuring the obstacle's position changes at multiple time points; the degree of occlusion can be directly quantified based on the effects of signal obstruction, such as attenuation; and the dynamic characteristics are fed back based on the obstacle's movement mode (stationary, slow-moving, or fast-moving). (This is just one possible scenario.)

[0304] One possibility is that the feedback information needs to be quantified. The relative position of the obstacle can be quantified into several fixed distance levels, the speed into predefined rate levels, the direction of movement into predefined directions through angle ranges, the degree of occlusion into impact levels based on the decrease in CQI, and the dynamic characteristics into stationary, slow-moving, or fast-moving states based on the rate of change over multiple cycles.

[0305] One possible scenario is that the first node feeds back static obstacle information and dynamic obstacle information separately, depending on the degree of obstacle's impact. The feedback frequency for dynamic obstacles would be higher to ensure the second node can adjust its beam direction and transmission strategy in real time. The feedback period is designed based on the obstacle's changing characteristics. For static obstacles, the feedback period is longer to reduce unnecessary feedback; for dynamic obstacles, the feedback period is shorter to ensure the second node acquires the obstacle's impact in real time. The feedback period can also be dynamically adjusted based on channel state changes, shortening when the channel fluctuates drastically and lengthening when the channel is stable.

[0306] One possible approach is to employ an event-triggered feedback mechanism to reduce feedback overhead. Feedback would only be triggered when obstacle information changes significantly. For example, a first indication message could be issued when an obstacle moves, or when the first node moves after the existence of an obstacle has been confirmed. Furthermore, the first node can compress the feedback content, particularly simplifying obstacle information that doesn't change much, merging multi-cycle information into a single feedback message to reduce signaling overhead.

[0307] The first node feeds back obstacle information to the second node.

[0308] One possible scenario is that the first node utilizes the existing CSI feedback mechanism, indirectly reflecting the impact of obstacles by feeding back changes in channel state through traditional PMI, RI, and CQI parameters. Frequent changes in PMI indicate adjustments to the precoding matrix, suggesting changes in the signal path, possibly due to obstruction. A decrease in RI implies a reduction in the channel rank, reflecting a weakening of multipath effects or obstruction of multiple propagation paths. A decrease in CQI directly indicates an impact on signal quality, typically caused by a decrease in channel gain due to obstacles. This feedback method can rely on existing protocols without introducing new signaling mechanisms. The second node analyzes these feedback parameter changes to infer the presence of obstacles and their impact on the channel.

[0309] One possible scenario is that the first node introduces a new signaling mechanism to directly report detailed information about obstacles, including their location, velocity, direction, size, and degree of obstruction. This feedback method does not rely on indirect feedback from the channel state; instead, it reports specific parameters of the obstacle directly from the first node's detection of the obstacle.

[0310] In this scenario, the first node introduces a new signaling type specifically for reporting obstacle-related information. The number and order of the reported fields are jointly defined by the first and second nodes, and the order of feedback is negotiated and determined by the first and second nodes during the system configuration phase. If information in a certain field is missing or does not need to be reported, the second and first nodes will pre-agree on a default value for that field or a skip logic to ensure the simplicity and effectiveness of the signaling. The signaling format can be extended from traditional signaling to add new obstacle information fields.

[0311] The obstacle's location information is fed back after quantization. The location information is divided into several distance intervals and represented by a corresponding number of bits, 5-8 bits, allocated according to the quantization precision. This field prioritizes feedback on situations where obstacles significantly affect the signal.

[0312] Speed ​​information is 2-4 bits, allocated according to the number of speed levels. This field is reported when an obstacle detects a change in speed. If this field is missing, the second node defaults to the obstacle's speed being stationary or unchanged.

[0313] Directional information is fed back in the form of angles, which can be quantized into multiple intervals within the range of 0°-360°, such as quantization in 30° or 45° increments. It occupies 4-6 bits, with higher precision requiring more bits. This field is prioritized when the obstacle's orientation changes. The second and first nodes will agree on a default value during signaling design, indicating no orientation change.

[0314] Size information is 2-4 bits, configured according to the number of size ranges. This field will be reflected if the size changes or a new obstacle appears. If missing, the second node will assume the obstacle size remains unchanged.

[0315] The occlusion level occupies 2-3 bits, configured according to the occlusion severity level. This field will be prioritized when the signal is severely attenuated or severely occluded. If missing, it indicates that there is no significant change in occlusion.

[0316] The feedback order of fields is determined through negotiation between the second and first nodes during the system configuration phase, for example, in the order of position-velocity-direction-size-occlusion degree. During the feedback process, both the second and first nodes must parse the signaling in the predetermined order. If a field lacks information, both the first and second nodes will process it using predefined default values ​​to ensure the consistency and integrity of information transmission.

[0317] The first node can choose to feed back one or more fields based on the actual situation of the obstacle. For example, when the obstacle is stationary but the degree of occlusion changes, the first node only needs to feed back the occlusion degree field, and other fields can be omitted. This flexible feedback mechanism helps reduce signaling overhead and improve transmission efficiency.

[0318] The main design considerations for feedback mechanisms include:

[0319] One possibility is periodic feedback, where the first node can periodically provide obstacle information. The feedback information for each period can include all fields, or select specific fields to be fed back based on changes.

[0320] One possibility is event-triggered feedback. When the change in an obstacle exceeds a threshold (such as a significant change in position, speed, or degree of occlusion), the first node can trigger immediate feedback, reporting the current obstacle information to the second node immediately.

[0321] One possibility is that the feedback frequency can be dynamically adjusted by combining periodic and non-periodic feedback to adapt to different obstacle types and scenarios.

[0322] One possibility is that the feedback cycle of the new signaling can be dynamically adjusted according to the frequency of obstacle changes, ensuring that the second node can obtain the latest obstacle information in real time and adjust the beam strategy accordingly.

[0323] To reduce feedback overhead, one possible approach is for the first node to compress obstacle information from multiple cycles and merge it into a single feedback loop. This method optimizes the feedback volume by reducing repetitive or subtly changing information, while maintaining tracking of obstacle dynamics. The feedback still includes key obstacle information (such as position, velocity, and direction), but the compression process reduces the frequency of feedback and bandwidth usage.

[0324] Possible signaling transmission methods:

[0325] One possible scenario is PDCCH transmission: the second node sends a scheduling request to the first node via the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), and the first node returns new signaling based on the request. PDCCH transmission is suitable for periodic feedback or event-triggered feedback.

[0326] One possible scenario is RRC signaling transmission: For complex obstacle scenarios, the first node can add new signaling through the RRC layer signaling transmission, which is especially suitable for compressed feedback after multiple measurement cycles are merged.

[0327] In one possible implementation, a functional module can be set up for the first node, with the following process:

[0328] The first node receives the CSI-RS signal for channel measurement;

[0329] The first node measures and acquires channel parameters such as CSI, PMI, and RI.

[0330] Determining the presence of obstacles based on the values ​​and changes of channel parameters;

[0331] After confirming the existence of the obstacle, obstacle parameters are estimated.

[0332] Estimate the location, size, and other information of obstacles;

[0333] The first node feeds back the obstacle information and channel status information to the second node.

[0334] First, the first node senses obstacles based on CSI channel state parameters. The first node receives CSI-RS signals to perform channel measurements. CSI-RS measurements provide key information about the signal propagation path, delay, multipath effects, fading, etc. The first node uses these inputs to determine whether obstacles exist.

[0335] One possibility is that the CSI delay changes. If the delay increases significantly, it indicates that the main propagation path may be partially or completely blocked by an obstacle, leading to enhanced signal reflection and multipath effects.

[0336] One possibility is that frequent changes in PMI, especially large adjustments to the direction of the precoding matrix, usually indicate a change in the propagation path, possibly caused by obstructions.

[0337] One possibility is that a decrease in RI indicates a reduction in the channel's rank and a decrease in the signal's multiplexing capability, usually due to obstacles blocking multiple propagation paths.

[0338] One possibility is that a sudden and significant drop in channel gain may indicate that the signal's direct path is blocked by an obstacle, causing a rapid attenuation of signal strength. Rapid changes in gain can serve as a direct indication of the presence of an obstacle.

[0339] One possibility is that the sudden increase in frequency-selective fading may be due to an obstacle blocking part of the signal path.

[0340] One possibility is that phase changes caused by obstacles can be detected through phase information in the CSI feedback. If the signal phase changes significantly within a short period of time, it may indicate that the signal path is reflected or blocked by an obstacle.

[0341] One possibility is that if the signal strength received by some antennas in the antenna array drops significantly while the signal strength of other antennas remains unchanged, this may indicate that an obstacle is blocking the signal on a particular path.

[0342] One possibility is that if the PMI shows a new reflection path emerging with increased energy, it could be due to the signal being reflected by an obstacle.

[0343] One possibility is that parameters such as CSI, PMI, and RI fluctuate frequently in a short period of time, which may indicate that obstacles are dynamically affecting the channel, reducing the short-term stability of the channel.

[0344] One possibility is that the incident angle measured by CSI has shifted significantly, which may indicate that the direct path of the signal is affected by an obstacle.

[0345] One possibility is that the CSI feedback shows a change in the signal's spectral characteristics, particularly an increased attenuation of high-frequency components, which may indicate that the signal has encountered an obstacle.

[0346] One possible scenario is that when parameters such as CSI, PMI, and RI show slight changes, but are insufficient to completely confirm the existence of an obstacle, the first node can output feedback of "suspected obstacle," prompting the second node to further process and confirm.

[0347] One possibility is that the channel state fluctuates drastically in a short period of time, and the first node may not be able to accurately determine the existence of obstacles. In this case, the channel instability information can be fed back to the second node.

[0348] Once the existence of an obstacle is confirmed, obstacle parameters can be estimated. The first node estimates the obstacle's position, size, direction of movement, and material based on the measurement channel information.

[0349] One possibility is that the first node can estimate the relative position of the obstacle by utilizing the time delay spread and channel attenuation of the CSI signal. The closer the obstacle is, the more pronounced the time delay change.

[0350] One possibility is that the first node infers the size of the obstacle based on the degree of signal attenuation and the intensity of multipath reflection. Larger obstacles will result in more significant signal attenuation and path obstruction.

[0351] One possibility is that the first node can estimate the direction and speed of the obstacle's movement by measuring the changes in PMI over multiple measurement periods, especially as the frequency of PMI adjustments increases when the obstacle is moving along the propagation path.

[0352] One possibility is that the first node can infer the material of the obstacle by observing the intensity of the signal reflection. Metallic obstacles typically reflect light strongly, while non-metallic materials reflect light weakly or have some penetrability.

[0353] One possible scenario is that the first node further refines the obstacle's position estimate based on the changes in multipath delay spread. If the obstacle generates new reflections along the multipath propagation path, causing changes in signal delay, the first node can use these changes to estimate the obstacle's position offset relative to the direct path.

[0354] One possible scenario is that the first node infers the shape of the obstacle by analyzing the time delay and signal strength differences across multiple reflection paths. The more complex the shape of the obstacle, the more complex the multipath effect it may trigger, leading to significant differences in time delay spread and signal attenuation across different reflection paths.

[0355] One possibility is that the first node uses changes in the signal phase information to estimate the obstacle's movement. If the signal phase changes significantly over time, this could indicate that the obstacle has moved along the propagation path and affected the signal phase.

[0356] One possibility is that the first node locates the obstacle based on the difference in signal strength received by different antennas in the antenna array.

[0357] One possible approach is for the first node to infer the material of the obstacle based on the degree of signal attenuation at different frequency bands. By analyzing the attenuation and reflection of signals at different frequencies, the material properties of the obstacle can be deduced.

[0358] One possibility is that the first node uses changes in the signal's incident angle to infer the shape of the obstacle. The signal reaches the first node after being reflected at different angles, and these incident angles change over time. This could mean that the obstacle has an irregular shape, reflecting different parts of the signal.

[0359] One possibility is that the surface material of the obstacle can cause different signal fading characteristics at different frequencies. If the first node detects increased frequency-selective fading in the CSI feedback, it may indicate that the obstacle surface has strong reflective properties or a rough surface, causing the signal to exhibit different attenuation at multiple frequencies.

[0360] One possible scenario is that the first node infers whether an obstacle is approaching or moving away by analyzing changes in delay spread over consecutive measurement periods. Furthermore, as the obstacle moves closer or further away, the signal delay spread changes accordingly, and the first node can use these changes to estimate its direction of motion and velocity.

[0361] One possibility is that the first node measures changes in channel parameters across different time-frequency resources. Moving obstacles exhibit different attenuation and reflection characteristics to signals in different frequency bands, and the first node can infer the movement of the obstacle using measurement data at different frequencies.

[0362] The relationship between obstacle information (such as location, size, material, direction of movement, etc.) and channel parameters (such as CSI, PMI, RI, etc.) can be represented by a unified function model, for example, f(Δt,ΔL,Δφ,N) ref ,ΔG,Δr)={P obs ,X obs ,S obs V obs}

[0363] Where Δt represents the change in signal delay, used to estimate the location of the obstacle; ΔL represents the signal attenuation, used to estimate the size of the obstacle; Δφ represents the signal phase change, used to determine the impact of the obstacle on signal reflection; and N... ref The change in the number of reflection paths, ΔG represents the change in channel gain, reflecting the change in the overall signal strength; Δr represents the time delay difference between different reflection paths, used to estimate the shape or surface characteristics of obstacles.

[0364] P obs It represents the probability of the presence of an obstacle, and determines whether an obstacle exists based on changes in channel parameters.

[0365] X obs It represents the location information of obstacles, based on time delay spread and changes in reflection path.

[0366] S obs The size of the obstacle is estimated by signal attenuation and intensity changes along the reflection path.

[0367] V obs It indicates the direction and speed of the obstacle's movement, estimated by the changes in PMI over multiple measurement periods.

[0368] Example 3: In the case where the first indication information indirectly indicates the codebook to be switched, the first indication information includes occlusion information.

[0369] The obstruction information includes information about obstacles on the channel, and / or, the first indication information indicates that the antenna port of the first node is obstructed. At this time, the second node determines the codebook to be switched based on the obstruction information reported by the first node, and thus performs codebook switching.

[0370] It should be noted that the description of occlusion information (or acquisition of occlusion information) can refer to the feedback of single-path occlusion information and multi-path occlusion information described above. The method by which the second node determines the codebook to be switched based on occlusion information can be the same as the method by which the first node determines the codebook to be switched based on occlusion information (e.g., method four), and will not be described again in this embodiment.

[0371] Furthermore, when the first indication information indicates obstruction, the second node can also optimize its transmission strategy based on the obstruction information, such as increasing transmission power or adjusting beam direction, thereby reducing the impact of obstacles and improving transmission efficiency. The second node can determine the codebook to be switched using the obstruction information, or it can choose not to. For example, if the first node determines the presence of an obstacle on the channel based on changes in channel state information and reports the obstacle to the second node (i.e., the first node does not perform a codebook switch), the second node can optimize its transmission strategy based on the obstacle information.

[0372] The information transmission method provided in this disclosure can be applied to the second node 102 in the communication system shown in FIG1. ​​FIG10 shows a schematic flowchart of another information transmission method. As shown in FIG10, the information transmission method includes the following S1001.

[0373] S1001, The second node receives the first instruction information.

[0374] Wherein, the first indication information is used to indicate the codebook to be switched; and / or, the first indication information is used to indicate the channel obstruction information between the first node and the second node.

[0375] After acquiring the codebook to be switched, the second node can switch the currently used codebook type to the codebook to be switched. Since the codebook to be switched is determined based on channel state information, it is more adaptable to the current channel environment. Therefore, the transmission efficiency of the signal transmitted through the codebook to be switched is higher, and the stability of signal transmission can be improved.

[0376] Furthermore, when the first indication information indicates obstruction information, the obstruction information can be used to determine the codebook to be switched. Alternatively, the obstruction information can enable the second node to optimize its transmission strategy based on the obstruction information, thereby making the signal more adaptable to the current channel environment and improving the signal transmission efficiency.

[0377] It should be noted that the descriptions of the codebook to be switched, occlusion information, determination of the codebook to be switched, and determination of occlusion information can be found in the content of the first node side, and will not be repeated in this embodiment.

[0378] It is understood that, in order to achieve the above-mentioned functions, the information transmission device includes hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function. Those skilled in the art should readily recognize that, based on the algorithmic steps of the examples described in conjunction with the embodiments of this disclosure, this disclosure can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this disclosure.

[0379] This disclosure embodiment can divide the information transmission device into functional modules according to the above method embodiment. For example, each function can be divided into a separate functional module, or two or more functions can be integrated into one functional module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or software. It should be noted that the module division in this disclosure embodiment is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. The following description uses the example of dividing each functional module according to each function.

[0380] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. The communication device can execute the information transmission method provided in the above-described method embodiments. As shown in Figure 11, the communication device includes: a transmitting unit 1101.

[0381] The transmitting unit 1101 is used to transmit first indication information, which is used to indicate the codebook to be switched; and / or, the first indication information is used to indicate channel obstruction information between the first node and the second node.

[0382] In one possible implementation, the device further includes an acquisition unit 1102 and a determination unit 1103.

[0383] Acquisition unit 1102 is used to acquire the first channel state information reference signal resource;

[0384] The determining unit 1103 is used to determine the codebook to be switched based on the channel state information corresponding to the first channel state information reference signal resource.

[0385] In one possible implementation, the determining unit 1103 is specifically used for:

[0386] Measure the received power at at least one antenna port;

[0387] The codebook to be switched is determined based on the received power of the at least one antenna port.

[0388] In one possible implementation, the acquisition unit 1102 is also used to acquire the first channel state information reference signal resource;

[0389] The determining unit 1103 is further configured to determine the channel occlusion information based on the channel state information corresponding to the first channel state information reference signal resource;

[0390] The determining unit 1103 is also used to determine the codebook to be switched based on the occlusion information.

[0391] In one possible implementation, the device further includes a processing unit 1104.

[0392] The acquisition unit 1102 is further configured to acquire a first channel state information reference signal resource, wherein the first channel state information reference signal resource includes at least one antenna port.

[0393] Processing unit 1104 is used to measure the channel response of the at least one antenna port;

[0394] The processing unit 1104 is further configured to perform a first transformation process on the at least one antenna port based on the channel response;

[0395] The determining unit 1103 is further configured to determine the codebook to be switched based on the result of the first transformation processing.

[0396] In one possible implementation, the first transformation process includes a combination of at least one or more of the following:

[0397] Matrix transformation, linear transformation, matrix inversion, correlation calculation, singular value decomposition, Fourier transform, discrete cosine transform.

[0398] In one possible implementation, the codewords of the codebook to be switched satisfy at least one of the following forms:

[0399] The phase of the codeword element of the codeword is related to the first-order term of the codeword index of the codeword;

[0400] The phase of the codeword element is related to the quadratic term of the codeword index;

[0401] The phase of the codeword element is related to the distance from the corresponding position of the codeword element to the center point of the array surface;

[0402] The phase of the codeword element is related to the quadratic term of the codeword index, and the phase of the codeword element is related to the airy function;

[0403] Mathieu beam precoding format;

[0404] Weber beam precoding format.

[0405] In one possible implementation, when the first indication information is used to indicate the obstruction information, the first indication information includes the situation that the antenna port of the first node is obstructed; or, the first indication information includes information about obstacles.

[0406] In one possible implementation, the acquisition unit 1102 is also used to acquire the first channel state information reference signal resource;

[0407] The determining unit 1103 is further configured to determine the channel obstruction information based on the channel state information corresponding to the first channel state information reference signal resource.

[0408] In one possible implementation, the determining unit 1103 is specifically used for:

[0409] Measure the received power at at least one antenna port;

[0410] The obstruction information is determined based on the received power of the at least one antenna port.

[0411] In one possible implementation, the acquisition unit 1102 is further configured to acquire a first channel state information reference signal resource, the first channel state information reference signal resource including at least one antenna port.

[0412] The processing unit 1104 is also configured to measure the channel response information of the at least one antenna port, and perform a second transformation processing on the at least one antenna port based on the channel response information;

[0413] The processing unit 1104 is also configured to determine the occlusion information based on the result of the second transformation processing.

[0414] In one possible implementation, the second transformation process includes a combination of at least one or more of the following: matrix transformation, linear transformation, matrix inversion, time-frequency transformation, wavenumber domain transformation, principal component analysis, singular value decomposition, and minimum mean square error estimation.

[0415] In one possible implementation, the antenna port of the first node is blocked in at least one of the following ways:

[0416] The index of the first blocked antenna port and the number of consecutive blocked antenna ports;

[0417] The index of the blocked start antenna port and the index of the blocked end antenna port;

[0418] The index of the blocked starting antenna port and the energy distribution information of the blocked antenna port;

[0419] The index of the first blocked antenna port corresponding to each path channel, the number of consecutive blocked antenna ports, and at least one window function and the parameters of the at least one window function or other function combinations and the parameters of the other function combinations;

[0420] The energy distribution information is described by a window function or other functions, and the other function combinations include at least one or more of the following: linear functions, logarithmic functions, exponential functions, trigonometric functions or inverse trigonometric functions.

[0421] In one possible implementation, the information of the obstacle includes at least one of the following: the location information of the obstacle, the size information of the obstacle, the direction of movement of the obstacle, the material of the obstacle, the speed of the obstacle, the distance of movement of the obstacle, the trajectory of the obstacle, the reflective properties of the obstacle, and the shape of the obstacle.

[0422] In one possible implementation, the method of obtaining information about the obstacle includes at least one of the following:

[0423] The location information of the obstacle is determined based on the delay spread and signal attenuation of the channel state information.

[0424] The direction and speed of the obstacle's movement are determined based on the changing frequency of the pre-encoded matrix indicator;

[0425] The location information of the obstacle is determined based on the difference in signal strength received by the antenna array;

[0426] The size information of the obstacle is determined based on the degree of signal attenuation and multipath reflection intensity;

[0427] The movement distance and trajectory of the obstacle are determined based on the amount of change in delay spread over a preset time period;

[0428] The material of the obstacle is determined based on the degree of signal attenuation in different frequency bands;

[0429] Determining the reflection characteristics of obstacles based on phase changes in channel state information feedback;

[0430] The shape and size information of the obstacle are determined based on the change in the signal incident angle;

[0431] The speed and relative direction of the obstacle are determined based on the Doppler effect changes of the signal.

[0432] In one possible implementation, the sending unit 1101 is specifically used for:

[0433] If the first node moves, send the first indication information; and / or,

[0434] If the obstacle moves, the first instruction information is sent.

[0435] In one possible implementation, the occlusion information is used to instruct the second node to determine the codebook to be switched based on the occlusion information.

[0436] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. The communication device can execute the information transmission method provided in the above-described method embodiments. As shown in Figure 12, the communication device includes a receiving unit 1201.

[0437] The receiving unit 1201 is configured to receive first indication information, which is used to indicate the codebook to be switched; and / or, the first indication information is used to indicate channel obstruction information between the first node and the second node.

[0438] In one possible implementation, the codewords of the codebook to be switched satisfy at least one of the following forms:

[0439] The phase of the codeword element of the codeword is related to the first-order term of the codeword index of the codeword;

[0440] The phase of the codeword element is related to the quadratic term of the codeword index;

[0441] The phase of the codeword element is related to the distance from the corresponding position of the codeword element to the center point of the array surface;

[0442] The phase of the codeword element is related to the quadratic term of the codeword index, and the phase of the codeword element is related to the airy function;

[0443] Mathieu beam precoding format;

[0444] Weber beam precoding format.

[0445] In one possible implementation, when the first indication information is used to indicate the obstruction information, the first indication information includes the situation that the antenna port of the first node is obstructed; or, the first indication information includes information about obstacles.

[0446] In one possible implementation, the antenna port of the first node is blocked in at least one of the following ways:

[0447] The index of the first blocked antenna port and the number of consecutive blocked antenna ports;

[0448] The index of the blocked start antenna port and the index of the blocked end antenna port;

[0449] The index of the blocked starting antenna port and the energy distribution information of the blocked antenna port;

[0450] The index of the first blocked antenna port corresponding to each path channel, the number of consecutive blocked antenna ports, and at least one window function and the parameters of the at least one window function or other function combinations and other function combinations parameters.

[0451] The energy distribution information is described by a window function or other functions, and the other function combinations include at least one or more of the following: linear functions, logarithmic functions, exponential functions, trigonometric functions or inverse trigonometric functions.

[0452] In one possible implementation, the information of the obstacle includes at least one of the following: the location information of the obstacle, the size information of the obstacle, the direction of movement of the obstacle, the material of the obstacle, the speed of the obstacle, the distance of movement of the obstacle, the trajectory of the obstacle, the reflective properties of the obstacle, and the shape of the obstacle.

[0453] In one possible implementation, the method of obtaining information about the obstacle includes at least one of the following:

[0454] The location information of the obstacle is determined based on the delay spread and signal attenuation of the channel state information.

[0455] The direction and speed of the obstacle's movement are determined based on the changing frequency of the pre-encoded matrix indicator;

[0456] The location information of the obstacle is determined based on the difference in signal strength received by the antenna array;

[0457] The size information of the obstacle is determined based on the degree of signal attenuation and multipath reflection intensity;

[0458] The movement distance and trajectory of the obstacle are determined based on the amount of change in delay spread over a preset time period;

[0459] The material of the obstacle is determined based on the degree of signal attenuation in different frequency bands;

[0460] Determining the reflection characteristics of obstacles based on phase changes in channel state information feedback;

[0461] The shape and size information of the obstacle are determined based on the change in the signal incident angle;

[0462] The speed and relative direction of the obstacle are determined based on the Doppler effect changes of the signal.

[0463] In one possible implementation, the device further includes a transmitting unit 1202.

[0464] The sending unit 1202 is used to determine the codebook to be switched based on the occlusion information.

[0465] In the case of implementing the functions of the integrated modules described above in hardware, this disclosure provides another possible structure for the communication device involved in the above embodiments. As shown in FIG13, the communication device 130 includes: a processor 1302 and a bus 1304. Optionally, the communication device may further include a memory 1301; optionally, the communication device may further include a communication interface 1303.

[0466] Processor 1302 may implement or execute various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with embodiments of this disclosure. Processor 1302 may be a central processing unit, a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. It may implement or execute various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with embodiments of this disclosure. Processor 1302 may also be a combination of computing functions, such as including one or more microprocessor combinations, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, etc.

[0467] The communication interface 1303 is used to connect to other devices via a communication network. This communication network can be Ethernet, wireless access network, wireless local area network (WLAN), etc.

[0468] The memory 1301 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device capable of storing static information and instructions, random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device capable of storing information and instructions, or electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and accessible by a computer, but is not limited thereto.

[0469] As one possible implementation, the memory 1301 can exist independently of the processor 1302. The memory 1301 can be connected to the processor 1302 via a bus 1304 and is used to store instructions or program code. When the processor 1302 calls and executes the instructions or program code stored in the memory 1301, it can implement the information transmission method provided in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0470] In another possible implementation, the memory 1301 can also be integrated with the processor 1302.

[0471] Bus 1304 can be an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, etc. Bus 1304 can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is used to represent it in Figure 13, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0472] Some embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer-readable storage medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium) storing computer program instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the information transmission method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0473] For example, the computer-readable storage media described above may include, but are not limited to: magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disks, floppy disks, or magnetic tapes), optical disks (e.g., compact disks (CDs), digital versatile disks (DVDs), etc.), smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROMs), cards, sticks, or key drives, etc.). The various computer-readable storage media described in this disclosure may represent one or more devices and / or other machine-readable storage media for storing information. The term "machine-readable storage medium" may include, but is not limited to, wireless channels and various other media capable of storing, containing, and / or carrying instructions and / or data.

[0474] This disclosure provides a computer program product containing instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the information transmission method described in any of the above embodiments. The above descriptions are merely specific implementations of this disclosure, but the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this disclosure should be covered within the scope of protection of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method of information transmission, characterized in that, Applied to the first node, the method includes: Send a first indication message, the first indication message being used to indicate the codebook to be switched; and / or, the first indication message being used to indicate the channel obstruction information between the first node and the second node.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method further includes: Acquire the first channel state information reference signal resources; The codebook to be switched is determined based on the channel state information corresponding to the first channel state information reference signal resource.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The first channel state information reference signal resource includes at least one antenna port, and the step of determining the codebook to be switched based on the channel state information corresponding to the first channel state information reference signal resource includes: Measure the received power at at least one antenna port; The codebook to be switched is determined based on the received power of the at least one antenna port.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method further includes: Acquire the first channel state information reference signal resources; The channel occlusion information is determined based on the channel state information corresponding to the first channel state information reference signal resource; The codebook to be switched is determined based on the occlusion information.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method further includes: Acquire a first channel state information reference signal resource, wherein the first channel state information reference signal resource includes at least one antenna port; Measure the channel response of at least one antenna port; A first transformation process is performed on the at least one antenna port based on the channel response; The codebook to be switched is determined based on the result of the first transformation process.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, The first transformation process includes at least one or a combination of the following: Matrix transformation, linear transformation, matrix inversion, correlation calculation, singular value decomposition, Fourier transform, discrete cosine transform.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, The codewords of the codebook to be switched shall satisfy at least one of the following forms: The phase of the codeword element of the codeword is related to the first-order term of the codeword index of the codeword; The phase of the codeword element is related to the quadratic term of the codeword index; The phase of the codeword element is related to the distance from the corresponding position of the codeword element to the center point of the array surface; The phase of the codeword element is related to the quadratic term of the codeword index, and the phase of the codeword element is related to the airy function; Mathieu beam precoding format; Weber beam precoding format.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein, When the first indication information is used to indicate the obstruction information, the first indication information includes the situation that the antenna port of the first node is obstructed; or, the first indication information includes information about obstacles.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method further includes: Acquire the first channel state information reference signal resources; The channel occlusion information is determined based on the channel state information corresponding to the first channel state information reference signal resource.

10. The method according to claim 4 or 9, characterized in that, The first channel state information reference signal resource includes at least one antenna port, and the step of determining channel obstruction information based on the channel state information corresponding to the first channel state information reference signal resource includes: Measure the received power at at least one antenna port; The obstruction information is determined based on the received power of the at least one antenna port.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method further includes: Acquire a first channel state information reference signal resource, wherein the first channel state information reference signal resource includes at least one antenna port; Measure the channel response information of the at least one antenna port, and perform a second transformation process on the at least one antenna port based on the channel response information; The occlusion information is determined based on the result of the second transformation process.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein, The second transformation process includes at least one or more of the following combinations: matrix transformation, linear transformation, matrix inversion, time-frequency transformation, wavenumber domain transformation, principal component analysis, singular value decomposition, and minimum mean square error estimation.

13. The method of claim 8, wherein, The antenna port of the first node is blocked in at least one of the following situations: The index of the first blocked antenna port and the number of consecutive blocked antenna ports; The index of the blocked start antenna port and the index of the blocked end antenna port; The index of the blocked starting antenna port and the energy distribution information of the blocked antenna port; The index of the first blocked antenna port corresponding to each path channel, the number of consecutive blocked antenna ports, and at least one window function and the parameters of the at least one window function or other function combinations and the parameters of the other function combinations; The energy distribution information is described by a window function or other functions, and the other function combinations include at least one or more of the following: linear functions, logarithmic functions, exponential functions, trigonometric functions or inverse trigonometric functions.

14. The method of claim 8, wherein, The information of the obstacle includes at least one of the following: the location information of the obstacle, the size information of the obstacle, the direction of movement of the obstacle, the material of the obstacle, the speed of the obstacle, the distance of movement of the obstacle, the trajectory of the obstacle, the reflective properties of the obstacle, and the shape of the obstacle.

15. The method of claim 8, wherein, The method of obtaining information about the obstacle includes at least one of the following: The location information of the obstacle is determined based on the delay spread and signal attenuation of the channel state information. The direction and speed of the obstacle's movement are determined based on the changing frequency of the pre-encoded matrix indicator; The location information of the obstacle is determined based on the difference in signal strength received by the antenna array; The size information of the obstacle is determined based on the degree of signal attenuation and multipath reflection intensity; The movement distance and trajectory of the obstacle are determined based on the amount of change in delay spread over a preset time period; The material of the obstacle is determined based on the degree of signal attenuation in different frequency bands; The reflection characteristics of the obstacle are determined based on the phase change in the channel state information feedback. The shape and size information of the obstacle are determined based on the change in the signal incident angle; The speed and relative direction of the obstacle are determined based on the Doppler effect changes of the signal.

16. The method of claim 8, wherein, The sending of the first instruction information includes: If the first node moves, send the first indication information; and / or, If the obstacle moves, the first instruction information is sent.

17. The method of claim 1, wherein, The occlusion information is used to instruct the second node to determine the codebook to be switched based on the occlusion information.

18. An information transmission method characterized by comprising: Applied to the first node, the method includes: Receive first indication information, the first indication information being used to indicate the codebook to be switched; and / or, the first indication information being used to indicate channel obstruction information between the first node and the second node.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein, The codewords of the codebook to be switched shall satisfy at least one of the following forms: The phase of the codeword element of the codeword is related to the first-order term of the codeword index of the codeword; The phase of the codeword element is related to the quadratic term of the codeword index; The phase of the codeword element is related to the distance from the corresponding position of the codeword element to the center point of the array surface; The phase of the codeword element is related to the quadratic term of the codeword index, and the phase of the codeword element is related to the airy function; Mathieu beam precoding format; Weber beam precoding format.

20. The method of claim 18, wherein, When the first indication information is used to indicate the obstruction information, the first indication information includes the situation that the antenna port of the first node is obstructed; or, the first indication information includes information about obstacles.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein, The antenna port of the first node is blocked in at least one of the following situations: The index of the first blocked antenna port and the number of consecutive blocked antenna ports; The index of the blocked start antenna port and the index of the blocked end antenna port; The index of the blocked starting antenna port and the energy distribution information of the blocked antenna port; The index of the first blocked antenna port corresponding to each path channel, the number of consecutive blocked antenna ports, and at least one window function and the parameters of the at least one window function or other function combinations and other function combinations parameters. The energy distribution information is described by a window function or other functions, and the other function combinations include at least one or more of the following: linear functions, logarithmic functions, exponential functions, trigonometric functions or inverse trigonometric functions.

22. The method of claim 20, wherein, The information of the obstacle includes at least one of the following: the location information of the obstacle, the size information of the obstacle, the direction of movement of the obstacle, the material of the obstacle, the speed of the obstacle, the distance of movement of the obstacle, the trajectory of the obstacle, the reflective properties of the obstacle, and the shape of the obstacle.

23. The method of claim 20, wherein, The method of obtaining information about the obstacle includes at least one of the following: The location information of the obstacle is determined based on the delay spread and signal attenuation of the channel state information. The direction and speed of the obstacle's movement are determined based on the changing frequency of the pre-encoded matrix indicator; The location information of the obstacle is determined based on the difference in signal strength received by the antenna array; The size information of the obstacle is determined based on the degree of signal attenuation and multipath reflection intensity; The movement distance and trajectory of the obstacle are determined based on the amount of change in delay spread over a preset time period; The material of the obstacle is determined based on the degree of signal attenuation in different frequency bands; The reflection characteristics of the obstacle are determined based on the phase change in the channel state information feedback. The shape and size information of the obstacle are determined based on the change in the signal incident angle; The speed and relative direction of the obstacle are determined based on the Doppler effect changes of the signal.

24. The method of claim 18, wherein, When the first indication information is used to indicate the occlusion information, the method further includes: The codebook to be switched is determined based on the occlusion information.

25. An electronic device, comprising: include: Memory and processor; The memory and the processor are coupled; The memory is used to store instructions that can be executed by the processor; When the processor executes the instructions, it performs the method as described in any one of claims 1-24.

26. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium has stored thereon computer instructions, which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1-24.

27. A computer program product, characterised in that, The computer program product comprises computer program instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the method of any one of claims 1-24.

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