Ecological material for restoration of earthen sites and restoration method

Abstract

The embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of restoration of earthen sites. Disclosed are an ecological material for restoration of earthen sites and a restoration method. The present invention uses clean earth with the same texture as a basis in combination with hydrated lime, palm fibers and stones, which are mixed according to three different ratios, so as to form an ecological material having good durability and suitable cost. The restoration method of the present invention comprises the steps of base layer treatment, bamboo rib anchoring, mixture preparation, filling, wetting with water and tamping, maintenance, etc., so as to ensure natural integration and structural stability of the material and the earthen sites. The material of the present invention achieves the restoration effects of low cracking and hollowing rates and excellent adhesion between new and old earth bodies. The present application not only effectively protects and restores earthen sites but also preserves historical and cultural values of same, thereby providing a new solution for the ecological restoration of earthen sites.

Description

An ecological material and restoration method for earthen site restoration Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of earthen site restoration technology, and in particular to an ecological material and restoration method for earthen site restoration. Background Technology

[0002] Earthen sites refer to ancient sites with historical, cultural, and scientific value, built primarily of earth. These sites are often large in scale and are prone to problems such as slope erosion, collapse, scouring, and gully formation due to natural environmental erosion, microbial activity, and human factors. Currently, to protect these precious cultural heritages, researchers and cultural relic preservation workers are using various technologies for the protection and restoration of earthen sites.

[0003] Currently, traditional restoration methods require the use of chemical materials such as silicone resins and polyurethane resins. While these chemical materials have indeed played an important role in the protection and restoration of earthen sites, they also present challenges in terms of cost and impact on the original characteristics of the sites.

[0004] From an economic perspective, the use of chemical materials such as silicone resin and polyurethane resin is relatively expensive. On the one hand, the materials themselves are pricey, requiring a large investment in projects of this scale, such as the restoration of earthen ruins; on the other hand, the construction process requires precise control of material usage and technical conditions, resulting in high costs for technical personnel.

[0005] From the perspective of its impact on the original characteristics of earthen sites, the application of chemical materials can alter their appearance, texture, and even color. After resin solidifies, the soil surface may harden, losing its original texture; chemical materials penetrate the soil, changing the way soil particles are bonded, affecting its aeration and permeability. These changes not only affect the aesthetic value of earthen sites but may also have adverse effects on their long-term preservation. Furthermore, the presence of these chemical materials could become an obstacle if future restoration or archaeological research is required.

[0006] In conclusion, when selecting restoration methods, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the balance between restoration effectiveness and cost, and at the same time, try to adopt methods that can achieve the restoration purpose while preserving the original state of the earthen site to the greatest extent. Summary of the Invention

[0007] One objective of this application is to provide an ecological material and restoration method for the restoration of earthen sites, in order to solve the problems of high cost and alteration of soil properties in existing earthen site restoration.

[0008] An ecological material for the restoration of earthen sites includes an ecological mixture and gravel, wherein the ecological mixture and gravel are mixed in a ratio of 10:4, and the ecological mixture includes homogeneous clean soil, quicklime and palm fiber, wherein the homogeneous clean soil, quicklime and palm fiber are mixed in a ratio of 10:3:3; wherein the homogeneous clean soil is clean soil around the earthen site with the same composition as the earthen site.

[0009] Furthermore, the ecological mixture is prepared by soaking homogeneous clean soil, quicklime, and palm fiber in water for 15 minutes and then stirring evenly.

[0010] Furthermore, the gravel mixed with the ecological mixture has a particle size between 30mm and 50mm.

[0011] A method for restoring earthen archaeological sites, based on the aforementioned ecological materials used for earthen archaeological site restoration, includes the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: Perform base treatment on the damaged areas of the earthen site to obtain a repair cavity;

[0013] Step 2: Anchor bamboo reinforcements in the repair cavity to obtain the repair skeleton;

[0014] Step 3: Fill the repair framework with ecological materials to obtain the initial repair layer;

[0015] Step 4: Wet and compact the initial repair layer to obtain a dense repair layer;

[0016] Step 5: Water the dense repair layer for maintenance.

[0017] Furthermore, step 1 includes the following steps:

[0018] Step 11: Clean the loose soil at the damaged area of ​​the earthen site down to the hard base layer;

[0019] Step 12: Shape the hard base layer into a stepped repair cavity;

[0020] Step 13: Remove surface dust from the repair cavity.

[0021] Furthermore, the bamboo reinforcement is treated with anti-corrosion measures. The width of the bamboo reinforcement is 50mm, the anchoring distance between adjacent bamboo reinforcements is 120mm, the anchoring depth is 500mm, the bamboo reinforcement anchored in the repair cavity is at a 60-degree angle to the ground surface, and the end of the bamboo reinforcement extends 50-60mm out of the repair cavity.

[0022] Furthermore, in step 3, the ecological material is filled by manually splashing mud, and the repair cavity is moistened with water before filling the ecological material.

[0023] Furthermore, in step 4, the initial repair layer needs to be left to stand for 24 hours before being wetted, and to stand for 5 hours after being wetted. The compaction process involves using a wooden pestle to compact the initial repair layer.

[0024] Furthermore, the watering and maintenance requires watering daily using a sprayer at a temperature of 9-23℃, with a watering and maintenance cycle of 15 days.

[0025] Compared with related technologies, this invention provides ecological materials and restoration methods, aiming to solve the problems of high cost and alteration of soil properties in traditional restoration methods. By using homogeneous clean soil, quicklime, and palm fiber as the main raw materials, and in a reasonable ratio, it not only reduces reliance on expensive chemical materials and lowers material and labor costs in the restoration process, but also improves the compatibility of the restoration materials with the earthen site. The application of the ecological mixture allows the restored earthen site to better maintain its original appearance, texture, and color, thereby preserving the historical and aesthetic value of the earthen site. In addition, the use of the ecological mixture maintains the soil's aeration and permeability, contributing to the long-term preservation of the earthen site.

[0026] In summary, this invention strikes a good balance between economy and restoration effectiveness, achieving effective protection of earthen sites. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the earthen site restoration method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] Example 1: This example provides an eco-friendly material. This material is a natural material with low acquisition cost and requires less technical and human expertise in its preparation, making a significant contribution to reducing restoration project costs. Furthermore, the use of this eco-friendly material can better maintain the natural state of the earthen site, maximizing its historical and cultural value.

[0030] An eco-friendly material for the restoration of earthen sites includes an eco-mixture and pebbles. The pebbles, as a hard filler, increase the structural strength of the material, making it more robust and durable, while the eco-mixture provides flexibility and cohesion, giving the entire eco-friendly material both sufficient hardness and flexibility.

[0031] The mixing ratio of eco-friendly aggregate to gravel is 10:4. If the gravel content increases, the eco-friendly material will become harder. Excessive gravel content will affect the overall cohesion of the material, making it loose and difficult to shape, and may even reduce its air permeability and water permeability. Conversely, if the gravel content decreases, it may weaken the structural strength of the material, making the repair layer less stable and unable to resist external pressure and erosion effectively.

[0032] The gravel mixed with the eco-friendly compound has a particle size between 30mm and 50mm. The addition of gravel improves the drainage performance of the material, preventing erosion and damage caused by water accumulation. Appropriate gravel size also helps maintain the uniformity of the repair material, avoiding structural unevenness or brittleness caused by particles that are too large or too small.

[0033] During the adjustment of the mixing ratio of ecological aggregate and gravel, various ecological materials with different mixing ratios were prepared. Ecological materials with different mixing ratios were made into blanks, and compressive strength tests were conducted on the blanks to obtain compressive strength data of blanks with different mixing ratios. Analysis showed that the compressive strength of the blank was the highest, reaching 588.61 kPa, when the mixing ratio of ecological aggregate and gravel was 10:4.

[0034] Specifically, the ecological mixture includes homogeneous clean soil, slaked lime, and palm fiber. Homogeneous clean soil is clean soil from the surrounding area of ​​the earthen site, with the same composition. It is chosen as the base material because it originates from the vicinity of the site and shares the same composition, ensuring compatibility between the restoration materials and the original site materials and preventing secondary damage from foreign objects. Furthermore, the clean soil itself is free of impurities, which also helps guarantee the quality of the restoration materials. The main function of adding slaked lime is to improve the soil's cohesion and strength, enhancing its mechanical properties and allowing it to bond better during the restoration process. Slaked lime also adjusts the soil's pH value, inhibiting the growth of harmful microorganisms and extending the lifespan of the restoration materials. Palm fiber enhances the material's toughness, preventing crack formation, similar to the role of steel reinforcement in concrete, increasing the tensile strength of the restoration layer. Natural fibers such as hemp fiber, straw, and wheat straw can be used as substitutes for palm fiber, as they also enhance the material's toughness, but the specific proportions differ from those of palm fiber.

[0035] The mixing ratio of homogeneous clean soil, slaked lime, and palm fiber is 10:3:3. Too much slaked lime will cause the repair material to harden excessively, affecting its air and water permeability; conversely, too little lime will prevent the repair material from achieving sufficient strength and stability. The same applies to palm fiber; too much will make the repair material too soft, affecting its structural strength; too little will not effectively improve its toughness, making it prone to cracking.

[0036] In determining the mixing ratio of the eco-friendly mixture, multiple sets of control experiments were conducted. A 10:3:3 ratio yielded a pH of 7.94, an impact toughness of 14.56 J / cm, and an air permeability of 10⁻¹⁰ m². 2 The raw material has performance parameters that achieve a balance in terms of pH, toughness, and breathability, making it suitable for repair needs.

[0037] The ecological mixture is prepared by soaking homogeneous clean soil, slaked lime, and palm fiber in water for 15 minutes and then stirring thoroughly. Soaking for 15 minutes allows the slaked lime to fully dissolve and come into contact with the clean soil and palm fiber, promoting chemical reactions and physical mixing among the three. Soaking also allows the calcium ions in the slaked lime to interact better with soil particles, enhancing the bonding force between soil particles. Simultaneously, the palm fiber absorbs water and expands, allowing it to disperse better in the soil, enhancing the material's flexibility and crack resistance.

[0038] When preparing ecological mixtures, the amount of water added directly affects the state of the mixture. Generally, the amount of water added is about 15% to 25% of the total amount of materials. The specific value needs to be determined on-site based on the mixing conditions.

[0039] Example 2 is a method for restoring earthen ruins based on the ecological materials provided in Example 1. Inheriting the economic advantages of ecological materials, this restoration method is easy to construct, has mild curing conditions, making the restoration process simpler and more environmentally friendly, and has significant advantages in restoration effect and structural stability.

[0040] A method for restoring earthen ruins includes the following steps:

[0041] Step 1: Perform base treatment on the damaged areas of the earthen site to obtain a repair cavity;

[0042] Step 2: Anchor bamboo reinforcements in the repair cavity to obtain the repair skeleton;

[0043] Step 3: Fill the repair framework with ecological materials to obtain the initial repair layer;

[0044] Step 4: Wet and compact the initial repair layer to obtain a dense repair layer;

[0045] Step 5: Water the dense repair layer for maintenance.

[0046] The restoration method provided by this invention ensures the effectiveness and ecological compatibility of the restoration work through a series of carefully designed steps. It not only utilizes eco-friendly materials but also employs bamboo reinforcement for additional structural support. The entire restoration process is simple and easy to implement, with mild curing conditions, ensuring the natural integration of the restoration materials with the earthen site and preserving its historical and cultural value. In summary, this restoration method not only excels in economic efficiency and environmental friendliness but also possesses significant advantages in restoration effectiveness and structural stability.

[0047] The damaged areas of the earthen ruins are treated at the base layer to obtain a repair cavity, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0048] Step 11: Remove the loose soil from the damaged area of ​​the earthen site down to the hard base layer; since these loose parts cannot provide a solid support foundation due to erosion or weathering, this step is to remove the loose soil layer at the damaged area of ​​the earthen site, which can ensure that the ecological materials can adhere firmly to the solid base layer, thereby improving the stability and durability of the restoration.

[0049] Step 12: Shape the hard base layer into a stepped restoration cavity. This increases the contact area between the restoration layer and the original earthen site, improving the stability of the restoration layer. The stepped shape provides better mechanical interlocking, ensuring a tight bond between the restoration material and the original earthen site. Simultaneously, the ecological material possesses a certain degree of air and water permeability. In actual construction, it is difficult to ensure that the ecological material completely and seamlessly fills the restoration cavity. These gaps provide channels for water flow, allowing water to move and pass through within the restoration cavity, preventing rainwater from concentrating and eroding a particular area, thereby reducing new erosion.

[0050] Step 13: Remove surface dust from the repair cavity; a clean surface after removing surface dust also helps subsequent ecological materials to perform better and ensure the repair effect.

[0051] Specifically, in step 2, the bamboo reinforcement undergoes anti-corrosion treatment. This treatment effectively prevents the bamboo reinforcement from rotting in humid environments, extends its lifespan, and ensures it continues to provide necessary support during the restoration process. Because the restoration aims to preserve the original performance and condition of the earthen site as much as possible, the use of chemical agents that could damage the site should be avoided.

[0052] The bamboo reinforcement is 50mm wide. This size ensures that the bamboo reinforcement has sufficient strength to support the weight of the repair layer, while also preventing it from being too wide and affecting the density of the eco-material filling. The larger width provides better support and reduces the risk of structural instability due to the breakage of a single bamboo reinforcement.

[0053] The anchorage spacing between adjacent bamboo strips is 120mm. This spacing ensures sufficient support points within the repair layer while preventing the bamboo strips from being too dense, which could make material filling difficult. A reasonable spacing ensures uniform stress distribution throughout the repair layer and prevents localized stress concentration.

[0054] The bamboo reinforcement is anchored to a depth of 500mm, which is relatively deep and ensures that the bamboo reinforcement is firmly embedded in the hard base layer, providing sufficient support. A deeper anchoring depth also helps resist external forces.

[0055] The bamboo reinforcement anchored in the repair cavity is at a 60-degree angle to the ground surface. This angle ensures that the bamboo reinforcement provides vertical support and a certain amount of tensile force in the horizontal direction, enhancing the shear resistance of the repair layer. A reasonable tilt angle can improve the utilization rate of the bamboo reinforcement, ensuring that it can function in different directions.

[0056] The bamboo reinforcement extends 50-60mm beyond the repair cavity. This length facilitates subsequent connection and inspection. The longer extension ensures that the bamboo reinforcement is not completely buried during the filling process, making positioning and adjustment easier during construction.

[0057] In conclusion, by limiting the data on bamboo reinforcement, its supporting role and stability in the restoration of earthen sites can be effectively guaranteed, thereby ensuring the long-term stability and reliability of the restoration layer.

[0058] In step 3, the ecological material is filled using a manual shoveling method. This involves manually throwing the prepared ecological material into the designated location. Specifically, the worker holds a container or tool filled with the ecological material and evenly throws it into the repair cavity. During this process, it is crucial to ensure the ecological material covers the entire cavity and is distributed as evenly as possible, avoiding voids or unevenness. If the cavity is deep, it can be filled in multiple stages, with compaction and leveling performed after each filling to ensure each layer of material adheres tightly. The manual shoveling method can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual shape and size of the repair cavity, making it suitable for various complex terrains.

[0059] Before filling the repair cavity with the eco-material, wet the cavity with water. Pre-wetting the cavity improves the adhesion between the eco-material and the cavity wall, ensuring the mixture adheres better to the cavity wall. A moist surface helps reduce air bubbles formed during the filling process, resulting in a denser repair layer. Wetting the cavity also prevents rapid evaporation of moisture, thus avoiding cracking caused by the mixture drying too quickly.

[0060] In step 4, the initial repair layer needs to be left to stand for 24 hours before wetting. This is to allow the ecological material to undergo a preliminary stabilization and solidification process after being filled into the repair cavity. During this time, the various components within the material can better integrate with each other, and natural settling reduces voids and air bubbles. Furthermore, the standing time helps to evenly distribute moisture within the material, laying the foundation for subsequent wetting and compaction. This timely approach offers advantages in improving the strength and stability of the repair layer and also reduces the risk of damage due to premature stress on the material.

[0061] After wetting the initial repair layer, it needs to stand for 5 hours. This waiting time allows the moisture to fully penetrate the material, helping the chemical reaction within the material to proceed further and promoting curing. This enhances the density and strength of the repair layer. Furthermore, an appropriate amount of moisture can help reduce the occurrence of drying shrinkage cracks, resulting in a more uniform and dense repair layer.

[0062] The compaction process involves using a wooden pestle to tamp the initial repair layer. Repeated tamping with the pestle significantly increases the density of the repair layer, reducing internal voids and thus enhancing its compressive strength and crack resistance. The resulting dense repair layer better resists the effects of the external environment, extending its service life.

[0063] Watering and curing require daily watering using a sprayer at temperatures between 9-23℃, with a curing cycle of 15 days. Watering and curing are crucial in the restoration of earthen sites, ensuring that the ecological materials gradually solidify under suitable humidity and temperature to achieve optimal performance.

[0064] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims, and the above embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting.

Claims

1. An ecological material for the restoration of earthen ruins, characterized in that, The mixture includes ecological aggregate and gravel, with a mixing ratio of 10:

4. The ecological aggregate includes homogeneous clean soil, quicklime, and palm fiber, with a mixing ratio of 10:3:

3. The homogeneous clean soil is clean soil with the same composition as the earthen site surrounding it.

2. The ecological material for the restoration of earthen sites according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ecological mixture is prepared by soaking homogeneous clean soil, quicklime, and palm fiber in water for 15 minutes and then stirring evenly.

3. An ecological material for the restoration of earthen sites according to claim 2, characterized in that, The gravel mixed with the ecological mixture has a particle size between 30mm and 50mm.

4. A method for restoring earthen archaeological sites, implemented using the ecological materials for restoring earthen archaeological sites according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Perform base treatment on the damaged areas of the earthen site to obtain a repair cavity; Step 2: Anchor bamboo reinforcements in the repair cavity to obtain the repair skeleton; Step 3: Fill the repair framework with ecological materials to obtain the initial repair layer; Step 4: Wet and compact the initial repair layer to obtain a dense repair layer; Step 5: Water the dense repair layer for maintenance.

5. A method for restoring earthen archaeological sites according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step 1 includes the following steps: Step 11: Clean the loose soil at the damaged area of ​​the earthen site down to the hard base layer; Step 12: Shape the hard base layer into a stepped repair cavity; Step 13: Remove surface dust from the repair cavity.

6. The method for restoring an earthen site according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bamboo reinforcement is treated with anti-corrosion, the width of the bamboo reinforcement is 50mm, the anchoring spacing between adjacent bamboo reinforcements is 120mm, the anchoring depth is 500mm, the bamboo reinforcement anchored in the repair cavity is at a 60-degree angle to the ground surface, and the end of the bamboo reinforcement extends 50-60mm out of the repair cavity.

7. A method for restoring earthen archaeological sites according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step 3, the ecological material is filled by manually throwing mud, and the repair cavity is moistened with water before filling the ecological material.

8. A method for restoring an earthen site according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step 4, the initial repair layer needs to be left to stand for 24 hours before being wetted, and to stand for 5 hours after being wetted. The compaction process involves using a wooden pestle to compact the initial repair layer.

9. A method for restoring an earthen site according to claim 8, characterized in that, The watering and maintenance requires watering daily using a sprayer at a temperature of 9-23℃, with a watering and maintenance cycle of 15 days.

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