Communication method and apparatus
The communication method synchronizes AMP STAs to SP start times using duration and timing frames, addressing timing inaccuracies and enhancing power efficiency and SP joining success.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/108508
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-10-23
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-30
AI Technical Summary
Ambient Power (AMP) STAs in IEEE 802.11 networks face challenges with inaccurate internal clocks, leading to inconsistent wake-up times during service periods (SPs), resulting in increased power consumption or missed SPs due to poor timing synchronization.
A communication method and apparatus that synchronizes AMP STAs to the start of SPs by transmitting frames indicating duration and timing information, allowing them to accurately determine the SP start time and reduce power consumption.
Improves the success rate of AMP STAs joining SPs while reducing power consumption by ensuring precise wake-up times.
Smart Images

Figure CN2025108508_30042026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
COMMUNICATION METHOD AND APPARATUS
[0001] This application claims the benefit of and priority to PCT patent application No. PCT / CN2024 / 126867, filed on October 23, 2024, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a communication method and apparatus.BACKGROUND
[0003] AMbient Power (AMP) is a new task group within the institute of electrical and electronics engineers (IEEE) 802.11 working group, aimed at defining specification frameworks and functional requirements for supporting an AMP communication in IEEE 802.11 networks. The AMP communication may include a basic service set (BSS) . The BSS may include an AMP access point (AP) Station (STA) and multiple AMP non-AP STAs. For the sake of brevity, the AMP AP STA may be referred to as the AMP AP or simply the AP, and the AMP non-AP STA may be referred to as the AMP STA or simply the STA.
[0004] Furthermore, AMP power management is an important aspect in the AMP communication. An AMP service period (SP) is a pre-determined window used for the AMP power management. During the pre-determined window, the AMP AP may gain one or more transmission opportunities (TXOPs) and exchange information with the AMP STAs during the one or more TXOPs. The AMP AP may transmit at least one of an AMP SP Setup Frame, an AMP SP Info Frame, or an AMP Beacon Frame to indicate timing information related to the AMP SP, such as the start time for the AMP SP. The AMP STAs receive the timing information and rely on their internal clock to wake up before the start of the SP, and then exchange information with the AMP AP based on the AMP SP. However, the internal clocks of the AMP STAs have the poor timing accuracy, so that the AMP STAs may not wake up before the start of the SP accurately.SUMMARY
[0005] This present disclosure provides a communication method and apparatus used to synchronize the AMP STA to the moment for starting the SP, so that AMP STAs may wake up before the start of the SP accurately.
[0006] According to a first aspect, a communication method is described. The method may be applied at an STA side, for example, an AMP STA or a component (for example, a circuit, a chip, or a chip system) in an STA. For example, the method may be applied to an AMP STA, and the method includes: receiving one or more first frames indicating a duration from a moment when the first frame is transmitted to a moment for starting a service period (SP) of a first SP set; and determining, based on the duration, a first moment indicating the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0007] In this method, the AMP STA receiving one or more first frames may determine the first moment that indicates the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set. According to this method, the AMP STA may wake up before the start of the SP accurately, and the success rate of the AMP STA joining the SP is improved.
[0008] In some embodiments, the first frame includes at least one of an SP parameters field or an SP timing synchronization field, the SP parameters field is used to indicate SP parameter information; and the SP timing synchronization field is used to indicate timing information to synchronize an AMP station (STA) to the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0009] In some embodiments, the SP parameters field includes at least one of: a field indicating an identity of the first SP set, a field indicating a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, or a field indicating a minimum duration for which an AMP STA is awake after the SP of the first SP set starts; and the SP timing synchronization field includes at least one of: a field indicating a time interval between the first frame and a subsequent first frame or a field indicating a number of one or more first frames between the moment when the first frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0010] In some embodiments, the time interval between the first frame and a subsequent first frame is an absolute time or a relative time interval.
[0011] In some embodiments, the first frame further includes at least one of: a field indicating a presence of the SP parameters; or a field indicating a presence of the SP timing synchronization.
[0012] In some embodiments, the first frame further includes: a field indicating whether one or more time intervals between every two adjacent first frames in one or more first frames are equal.
[0013] In some embodiments, a second frame and a third frame are included in the one or more first frames, the third frame is a subsequent frame of the second frame, a time interval between the second frame and the third frame is determined based on a clock accuracy of the AMP AP, a clock accuracy of the AMP STA, a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, and a number of one or more first frames between a moment when a preceding SP of the first SP set ends and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set, and a minimum duration for which the AMP STA is awake after the SP of the first SP set starts.
[0014] In some embodiments, a second frame and a third frame are included in the one or more first frames, the third frame is a subsequent frame of the second frame, a time interval between the second frame and the third frame is determined based on a clock accuracy of an AMP AP, a clock accuracy of an AMP STA participating in the first SP set, a time interval between the SP and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, and a number of one or more first frames between a moment when a preceding SP of the first SP set ends and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set, and a minimum duration for which the AMP STA is awake after the SP of the first SP set starts.
[0015] In some embodiments, a second frame and a third frame are included in the one or more first frames, the third frame is a subsequent frame of the second frame, a time interval between the second frame and the third frame is determined based on a start time of the SP of the first SP set, a clock accuracy of the AMP AP, a clock accuracy of the AMP STA, a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, a number of one or more first frames between the moment when the first frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0016] In some embodiments, a second frame and a third frame are included in the one or more first frames, the third frame is a subsequent frame of the second frame, a time interval between the second frame and the third frame is determined based on a start time of the SP of the first SP set, a clock accuracy of the AMP AP, a clock accuracy of an AMP STA participating in the first SP set, a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, a number of one or more first frames between the moment when the first frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0017] In some embodiments, the first frame is an ambient power (AMP) SP advert frame, and the AMP SP advert frame advertises SP-related time information.
[0018] In some embodiments, the first frame is an AMP SP setup frame, and the AMP SP setup frame configures the first SP set.
[0019] In some embodiments, the first frame is an AMP SP information frame, and the AMP SP information frame carries SP information.
[0020] In some embodiments, the first frame is an AMP beacon frame, and the AMP beacon frame is used to perform at least one of: configure a plurality of SP sets including the first SP set; or carry information for the plurality of SP sets.
[0021] In some embodiments, the AMP beacon frame includes at least one of: an SP timing synchronization set field and a beacon count field.
[0022] In some embodiments, the SP timing synchronization set field includes one or more SP timing synchronization fields for the one or more SP sets, where each SP timing synchronization field indicates a time interval between an AMP SP advert frame and a subsequent AMP SP advert frame in a corresponding SP and a number of one or more AMP SP advert frames between a moment when the AMP SP advert frame is transmitted and a moment for starting the corresponding SP; and the beacon count field includes a field indicating a number of one or more AMP beacon frames between a moment when the AMP beacon frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0023] In some embodiments, the AMP beacon frame further includes at least one of: a field indicating a presence of the SP timing synchronization set; or a field indicating a presence of the beacon count.
[0024] In some embodiments, the first frame includes at least one of: a field indicating a first clock accuracy or a clock accuracy of an AMP AP, where the first clock accuracy is determined based on the clock accuracy of the AMP AP and a clock accuracy of an AMP STA participating in the first SP set; or a field indicating a presence of the first clock accuracy or a presence of the clock accuracy of the AMP AP.
[0025] In some embodiments, the AMP STA participating in the first SP set is an AMP STA with a greatest clock accuracy participating in the first SP set.
[0026] In some embodiments, the duration is determined based on the first clock accuracy.
[0027] In some embodiments, the method further includes: receiving a fourth frame, where the fourth frame configures the first SP set, a start moment of the first SP set carried in the fourth frame is a second moment, and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set is later than the second moment.
[0028] In some embodiments, the fourth frame indicates a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, and the time interval between the SP of the first SP set and the subsequent SP of the first SP set is determined based on the first clock accuracy.
[0029] In some embodiments, the AMP STA is at an awake state at the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set, and the method further includes: receiving an AMP trigger frame that triggers a response from the AMP STA; and transmitting an AMP response frame for responding to the AMP trigger frame.
[0030] In some embodiments, the AMP SP info field indicates a request for a transmission of an AMP SP information frame no earlier than the end of the corresponding SP, where the AMP SP information frame is used for carrying information regarding a subsequent SP in the first SP set; the AMP beacon field indicates a request for a transmission of an AMP beacon frame no earlier than the end of the corresponding SP, where the AMP beacon frame is used for broadcasting information about all existing SP sets; the SP initiate field indicates a request for initiating a new SP; the SP terminate field indicates a termination of the current SP set; the channel sensing (CS) synchronization information field requests the AMP AP to adjust a transmission time of future trigger frames to synchronize with the awake state of the AMP STA; and the AMP SP Advert field indicates a request for transmitting a first frame.
[0031] In some embodiments, a request field in the AMP response frame includes at least one of: the AMP SP info field, the AMP beacon field, the SP initiate field, the SP terminate field, the channel sensing synchronization field, or the AMP SP Advert field.
[0032] In some embodiments, the AMP response frame further includes: a field indicating a presence of the request field.
[0033] In some embodiments, the AMP response frame further includes: a clock accuracy field indicating a clock accuracy of the AMP STA.
[0034] In some embodiments, the AMP response frame further includes: a field indicating a presence of the clock accuracy.
[0035] In some embodiments, a control field of the AMP response frame includes at least one of: the AMP SP info field, the AMP beacon field, the SP initiate field, the SP terminate field, the channel sensing synchronization information field, the AMP SP Advert field, an SP parameters present field, an SP timing info present field, or a channel sensing information present field.
[0036] In some embodiments, the SP timing information present field indicating a presence of an SP timing information field, and the channel sensing information present field indicating a presence of a channel sensing information field, the SP timing information field indicates the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set, and the channel sensing information includes at least one of a field indicating a total duration of the AMP STA for the CS and a field indicating a count of CS cycles of the AMP STA.
[0037] According to a second aspect, a communication method is described. The method may be applied at an AP side, for example, an AP or a component (for example, a circuit, a chip, or a chip system) in an AP. For example, the method is applied to an AMP AP, and the method includes: determining one or more first frames, where each of the one or more first frames indicates a duration from a moment when the each of the one or more first frame is transmitted to a moment for starting an SP of a first SP set; transmitting the one or more first frames.
[0038] In some embodiments, the method includes: transmitting a fourth frame, where the fourth frame configures the first SP set, a start moment of the first SP set carried in the fourth frame is a second moment, and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set is later than the second moment.
[0039] In some embodiments, the fourth frame indicates a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, and the time interval between the SP of the first SP set and the subsequent SP of the first SP set is determined based on the first clock accuracy.
[0040] In some embodiments, the first frame includes at least one of: an SP parameters field and an SP timing synchronization field, the SP parameters field is used to indicate SP parameter information; and the SP timing synchronization field is used to indicate timing information to synchronize an AMP station (STA) to the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0041] In some embodiments, the SP parameters field includes at least one of: a field indicating an identity of the first SP set, a field indicating a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, or a field indicating a minimum duration for which an AMP STA is awake after the SP of the first SP set starts; and the SP timing synchronization field includes at least one of: a field indicating a time interval between the first frame and a subsequent first frame, a field indicating a number of one or more first frames between the moment when the first frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0042] In some embodiments, the time interval between the first frame and a subsequent first frame is an absolute time or a relative time interval.
[0043] In some embodiments, the first frame further includes at least one of: a field indicating a presence of the SP parameters; or a field indicating a presence of the SP timing synchronization.
[0044] In some embodiments, the first frame further includes: a field indicating whether one or more time intervals between every two adjacent first frames in one or more first frames are equal.
[0045] In some embodiments, a second frame and a third frame are included in the one or more first frames, the third frame is a subsequent frame of the second frame, a time interval between the second frame and the third frame is determined based on a clock accuracy of the AMP AP, a clock accuracy of the AMP STA, a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, and a number of one or more first frames between a moment when the third frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0046] In some embodiments, a second frame and a third frame are included in the one or more first frames, the third frame is a subsequent frame of the second frame, a time interval between the second frame and the third frame is determined based on a clock accuracy of the AMP AP, a clock accuracy of an AMP STA participating in the first SP set, a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, and a number of one or more first frames between a moment when the third frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0047] In some embodiments, a second frame and a third frame are included in the one or more first frames, the third frame is a subsequent frame of the second frame, a time interval between the second frame and the third frame is determined based on a start time of the SP of the first SP set, a clock accuracy of the AMP AP, a clock accuracy of the AMP STA, a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, a number of one or more first frames between the moment when the first frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0048] In some embodiments, a second frame and a third frame are included in the one or more first frames, the third frame is a subsequent frame of the second frame, a time interval between the second frame and the third frame is determined based on a start time of the SP of the first SP set, a clock accuracy of the AMP AP, a clock accuracy of an AMP STA participating in the first SP set, a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, a number of one or more first frames between the moment when the first frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0049] In some embodiments, the first frame is an ambient power (AMP) SP advert frame, and the AMP advert frame advertises SP-related time information.
[0050] In some embodiments, the first frame is an AMP SP setup frame, and the AMP SP setup frame configures the first SP set.
[0051] In some embodiments, the first frame is an AMP SP information frame, and the AMP SP info frame carries SP information.
[0052] In some embodiments, the first frame is an AMP beacon frame, and the AMP beacon frame is used to perform at least one of: configure a plurality of SP sets including the first SP set; or carry information for the plurality of SP sets.
[0053] In some embodiments, the AMP beacon frame includes at least one of: an SP timing synchronization set field and a beacon count field.
[0054] In some embodiments, the SP timing synchronization set field includes one or more SP timing synchronization fields for the one or more SP sets, where each SP timing synchronization field indicates a time interval between an AMP advert frame and a subsequent AMP advert frame in a corresponding SP of the first SP set and a number of one or more AMP advert frames between a moment when the AMP advert frame is transmitted and a moment for starting the corresponding SP of the first SP set; and the beacon count field includes a field indicating a number of one or more AMP beacon frames between a moment when the AMP beacon frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0055] In some embodiments, the AMP beacon frame further includes at least one of: a field indicating a presence of the SP timing synchronization set; or a field indicating a presence of the beacon count.
[0056] In some embodiments, the first frame includes at least one of: a field indicating a first clock accuracy or a clock accuracy of an AMP AP, where the first clock accuracy is determined based on the clock accuracy of the AMP AP and a clock accuracy of an AMP STA participating in the first SP set; or a field indicating a presence of the first clock accuracy or a presence of the clock accuracy of the AMP AP.
[0057] In some embodiments, the AMP STA participating in the first SP set is an AMP STA with a greatest clock accuracy participating in the first SP set.
[0058] In some embodiments, the duration is determined based on the first clock accuracy.
[0059] In some embodiments, at least one of: a moment to start transmitting the one or more first frames or a moment to end transmitting the one or more first frames is determined based on the duration and the first clock accuracy.
[0060] In some embodiments, the method further includes: transmitting an AMP trigger frame that triggers a response from the AMP STA; and receiving an AMP response frame for responding to the AMP trigger frame.
[0061] In some embodiments, the AMP response frame includes at least one of: an AMP SP info field, an AMP beacon field, an SP initiate field, an SP terminate field, a channel sensing synchronization information field or an AMP SP Advert field.
[0062] In some embodiments, the AMP SP info field indicates a request for a transmission of an AMP SP information frame no earlier than the end of the corresponding SP, where the AMP SP information frame is used for carrying information regarding a subsequent SP in the first SP set; the AMP beacon field indicates a request for a transmission of an AMP beacon frame no earlier than the end of the corresponding SP, where the AMP beacon frame is used for broadcasting information about all existing SP sets; the SP initiate field indicates a request for initiating a new SP; the SP terminate field indicates a termination of the current SP set; the channel sensing synchronization information field requests an AMP AP to adjust a transmission time of future trigger frames to synchronize with the awake state of the AMP STA; and the AMP SP Advert field indicates a request for transmitting a first frame.
[0063] In some embodiments, a request field in the AMP response frame includes at least one of: the AMP SP info field, the AMP beacon field, the SP initiate field, the SP terminate field, the channel sensing synchronization field, or the AMP SP Advert field.
[0064] In some embodiments, the AMP response frame further includes a field indicating a presence of the request field.
[0065] In some embodiments, the AMP response frame further includes a clock accuracy field indicating a clock accuracy of the AMP STA.
[0066] In some embodiments, the AMP response frame further includes a field indicating a presence of the clock accuracy.
[0067] In some embodiments, a control field of the AMP response frame includes at least one of: the AMP SP info field, the AMP beacon field, the SP initiate field, the SP terminate field, the channel sensing synchronization information field, the AMP SP Advert field, an SP parameters present field, an SP timing info present field, or a channel sensing information present field.
[0068] In some embodiments, the SP timing information present field indicating a presence of an SP timing information field, and the channel sensing information present field indicating a presence of a channel sensing information field, the SP timing information field indicates the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set, and the channel sensing information includes at least one of a field indicating a total duration of the AMP STA for the CS and a field indicating a count of CS cycles of the AMP STA.
[0069] According to a third aspect, a communication apparatus is described. The communication apparatus is configured to perform the method in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect. For example, the communication apparatus includes a corresponding module, unit, or means for performing operations in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect or the second aspect. The module, unit, or means may be specifically implemented by using software, may be implemented by using hardware, or may be implemented by using software in combination with hardware.
[0070] According to a fourth aspect, a communication apparatus is described. The communication apparatus is configured to perform the method in any one of the embodiments of the second aspect. For example, the communication apparatus includes a corresponding module, unit, or means for performing operations in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect or the second aspect. The module, unit, or means may be specifically implemented by using software, may be implemented by using hardware, or may be implemented by using software in combination with hardware.
[0071] According to a fifth aspect, a communication apparatus is described. The communication apparatus includes one or more processors; an interface circuit configured to receive signals from another communication apparatus and send the signals to the one or more processors, or send signals from the one or more processors to another communication apparatus; where the one or more processors is configured to implement, through logic circuits or by executing instructions, the method of the first aspect.
[0072] According to a sixth aspect, a communication apparatus is described. The communication apparatus includes one or more processors; an interface circuit configured to receive signals from another communication apparatus and send the signals to the one or more processors, or send signals from the one or more processors to another communication apparatus; where the one or more processors is configured to implement, through logic circuits or by executing instructions, the method of the second aspect.
[0073] According to a seventh aspect, a communication system is described. The communication system includes a first communication apparatus configured to perform the method in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect and a second communication apparatus configured to perform the method in any one of the embodiments of the second aspect.
[0074] According to an eighth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is described. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-readable instructions, and when an apparatus reads and executes the computer-readable instructions, the apparatus is enabled to perform the method in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect or the second aspect.
[0075] According to a ninth aspect, a computer program product is described. When an apparatus reads and executes the computer program product, the apparatus is enabled to perform the method in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect or the second aspect.
[0076] This application encompasses various embodiments, including not only method embodiments, but also other embodiments such as apparatus embodiments and embodiments related to non-transitory computer readable storage media. Embodiments may incorporate, individually or in combinations, the features disclosed herein.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0077] For a better understanding of various described embodiments, reference should be made to the Detailed Description below, in conjunction with the following drawings in which reference numerals refer to corresponding parts throughout the figures.
[0078] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0079] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of two existing options for AMP STA to wake up and join an SP;
[0080] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of switching conditions for various AMP STA operation states in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0081] FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0082] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first frame transmission scheme in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0083] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another first frame transmission scheme in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0084] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a transmission process where the AMP SP Advert frame is the first frame in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0085] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of a Frame Body field of an AMP SP Advert frame in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0086] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a transmission process where the AMP SP Setup frame is the first frame in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0087] FIG. 10A is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of a Frame Body field of an AMP SP Setup frame in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0088] FIG. 10B is a schematic diagram of another frame structure of a Frame Body field of an AMP SP Setup frame in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0089] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a transmission process where the AMP SP Info frame is the first frame in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0090] FIG. 12A is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of a Frame Body field of an AMP SP Info frame in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0091] FIG. 12B is a schematic diagram of another frame structure of a Frame Body field of an AMP SP Info frame in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0092] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a transmission process where the AMP Beacon frame is the first frame in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0093] FIG. 14A is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of a Frame Body field of an AMP Beacon frame in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0094] FIG. 14B is a schematic diagram of another frame structure of a Frame Body field of an AMP Beacon frame in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0095] FIG. 15A is a schematic diagram of a process of transmitting a fourth frame in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0096] FIG. 15B is a schematic diagram of a process of transmitting the one or more first frames in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0097] FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of communication in an SP between an AMP AP and an unassociated AMP STA in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0098] FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of a Response Type field of an AMP trigger frame in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0099] FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of an AMP Random Access Response frame body in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0100] FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of communication in an SP between an AMP AP and an associated AMP STA in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0101] FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of an AMP Scheduled Access Response frame body in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0102] FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of an AMP Adhoc Response frame body in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0103] FIG. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication apparatus in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0104] FIG. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication apparatus in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0105] FIG. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of yet another communication apparatus in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0106] In the following description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form part of the present disclosure, and which show, by way of illustration, specific aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure or specific aspects in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be used. It is understood that embodiments of the present disclosure may be used in other aspects and include structural or logical changes not depicted in the drawings. The following detailed description, therefore, is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims.
[0107] Technical solutions according to embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to a wireless local area network (WLAN) . The WLAN may employ a series of IEEE 802.11 protocols, e.g. the 802.11a / b / g protocol, the 802.11n protocol, the 802.11ac protocol, the 802.11ax protocol, the 802.11be / extremely-high throughput (EHT) / Wi-Fi 7 protocol, the 802. 11bn / ultra-high reliability (UHR) / Wi-Fi 8 protocol, the 802.11bf / sensing protocol, or a future generation protocol, and the protocols are not limited thereto. The WLAN may also employ spark link / near link protocols, and the protocols are not limited thereto.
[0108] Technical solutions according to embodiments of the present disclosure may also be applicable to a wireless personal area network (WPAN) based on millimeter wave (MMW) or ultra-wideband (UWB) technologies, e.g. the IEEE integrated mmWave (IMMW) protocol, the 802.15.4-2020 protocol, the 802.15.4z protocol, the 802.15.4ab protocol, etc.
[0109] Furthermore, AMbient Power (AMP) is a new task group within the institute of electrical and electronics engineers (IEEE) 802.11 working group, aimed at defining specification frameworks and functional requirements for supporting an AMP communication in IEEE 802.11 networks. Technical solutions according to embodiments of the present disclosure may also be applicable to the AMP communication in IEEE 802.11 networks.
[0110] Technical solution according to embodiments of the present disclosure may also be applied to communication systems such as Internet of Things (IoT) systems, vehicle to everything (V2X, X may represent anything) systems, device to device (D2D) systems, narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) systems, long term evolution (LTE) systems, the fifth generation (5G) communication system, or other communication systems in future. For example, the V2X system may include: vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communication, vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) communication, vehicle to pedestrian (V2P) communication, or vehicle to network (V2N) communication, etc.
[0111] The above describes generalized description or possible scenarios of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the motivation and technical concepts of the present disclosure are illustrated in the following.
[0112] In order to facilitate the understanding of the technical solutions according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, relevant terminologies in the present disclosure will be briefly introduced first.
[0113] 1. Basic service sets (BSS) : the WLAN system may include one or more basic service sets (BSS) . The BSS may include an AP and multiple STAs. The AP may communicate with the multiple STAs. The multiple STAs in one BSS may communicate with an AP or STA in another BSS via the AP in the one BSS. The following AMP AP and AMP STAs may also be compliant with the BSS.
[0114] 2. AMP: the AMP may address needs of ambient power-enabled Wi-Fi IoT devices (that is, AMP STAs) , and explore energy harvesting technologies that may significantly increase the operational lifespan of the AMP STAs with limited or no energy storage capacity. The AMP STAs with limited or no energy storage capacity are expected to have low duty cycle operations, to allow for longer off-periods for energy harvesting and brief periods for high energy consumption like transmission.
[0115] 3. AMP AP: the AMP AP may contend for the transmission opportunity (TXOP) , setup the service period (SP) for AMP STAs, and trigger the AMP scheduled access procedure, such as AMP relay, AMP energizer, smartphone with AMP capabilities, etc.
[0116] 4. AMP STA: the AMP STA may transmit and receive an AMP physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) and communicate with the AMP AP or another AMP STA, such as an AMP IoT STA.
[0117] The AMP STAs may be classified into associated STAs and unassociated STAs. The associated STA is an AMP STA that has an initial frame exchange with the AMP AP, indicating its STA ID and device capability. Such an AMP STA may also be individually addressed by a unicast frame or groupcast addressed frame from the AMP AP. The unassociated STA is an AMP STA that does not associate with the AMP AP and may only be addressed by the broadcast frame from the AMP AP.
[0118] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In FIG. 1, the network 100 may include an AMP AP 101 and two AMP STA 102. The AMP AP 101 may be considered a device capable of sending the IEEE 802.11 legacy preamble and may contend for TXOP (s) for the AMP STAs 102 (such as AMP IoT STA1 and AMP IoT STA2) in the BSS of the AMP AP 101. The AMP AP 101 may send a clear to send (CTS) -to-self frame, and the CTS-to-self frame may indicate a duration of a TXOP to third party STAs that try to contend for the same resource.
[0119] Due to hardware restrictions, it is expected that the AMP STAs 102 may operate at a lower channel bandwidth (e.g., 4 MHz) and with the limited power consumption (e.g., less than 1mW) . In addition, the AMP STAs 102 may not be able to transmit the legacy 802.11 preamble. Therefore, the AMP STAs 102 may be expected to access the spectrum in a triggered transaction-based communication from the AMP AP 101 as the TXOP holder.
[0120] The AMP AP 101 may setup an AMP SP with the AMP STAs 102, and the AMP SP may be a pre-determined wake up window for channel access. The AMP STAs 102 may conserve powers and enter a doze state and wake up at the indicated SP start time. However, AMP STAs 102 may be simple devices with the poor timing accuracy, so the internal clocks of the AMP STAs 102 may not synchronize with the SP start time indicated by the AMP AP 101.
[0121] In IEEE 802.11 the task group bp (TGbp) , the minimum agreed accuracy for the AMP AP 101 may follow the IEEE 802.11 clock requirement of 100 parts per million (ppm) . The 100 ppm represents a maximum error of 0.01%of the true time. For example, over the course of one hour (3600 seconds) , the clock of the AMP AP 101 may be 0.36 seconds faster or slower than the true time. It is noted that the term true time in the present disclosure may refer to a time aligned with a standard such as coordinated universal time (UTC) or derived from a high-precision clock source like a global position system (GPS) satellite system.
[0122] In comparison, AMP STAs 102 may not use crystal-based clocks, but instead the low power internal oscillator to reduce complexity and power consumption. As a consequence, the minimum agreed clock accuracy for active AMP STAs is 1000ppm. For example, over the course of one hour (3600 seconds) , the clock of the AMP STA 102 may be 3.6 seconds faster or slower than the true time. The active AMP STA may be the active transmitter AMP STA or enhanced Wi-Fi enabled AMP STA. The active transmitter AMP STA may not depend on a carrier source to backscatter communication. The active transmitter AMP STA may independently send out a PPDU when triggered by the AMP AP 101. The enhanced Wi-Fi enabled AMP STA may also contend for the TXOP and initiate transmission without AMP AP triggering.
[0123] Therefore, there may be a clock drift between the AMP AP and AMP STA, and the clock drift refers to the time difference between the two devices. For example, if the clock accuracy of the AMP AP is 100ppm and the clock accuracy of the AMP STA is 1000ppm, the minimum clock drift between the AMP AP and AMP STA is 900pm, which corresponds to situations where both devices are faster or slower than true time. Correspondingly, the maximum clock drift is 1100 ppm, which corresponds to situations that, for example, the AMP STA is faster than the true time and the AMP AP is slower than the true time.
[0124] Without timing synchronization, the AMP STAs may wake up before or later than the start of the AMP SP. For example, an AMP STA receives a start time of an SP at 9: 45: 46.56, and the 9: 45: 46.56 is aligned with the internal clock of the AMP AP. Because the AMP STA may have an internal clock slower or faster than the AMP AP’s clock, the AMP STA may wake up earlier or later than the start of the SP.
[0125] In a case where the AMP STA wakes up before the start of the AMP SP, it may consume more power of the AMP STA; and in a case where the AMP STA wakes up later than the start of the AMP SP, it may miss the SP window configured by the AMP AP. Therefore, an AMP timing synchronization is needed to address the poor clock accuracy of the AMP STA, so that the power consumption of the AMP STA may be reduced and the success rate of the AMP STA joining the AMP SP may be improved.
[0126] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of two existing options of AMP STA to wake up and join the SP.
[0127] As shown in FIG. 3, the AMP STA may aim to join the AMP SP 2. In order to join the AMP SP 2, the AMP STA needs to enter the awake state before the start of the AMP SP 2. In some examples, due to the clock drift, the AMP STA may wake up within a wakeup margin before the start of the AMP SP 2.
[0128] In option 1, the AMP STA may stay in an awake state till the start of the AMP SP 2. However, option 1 may lead to the AMP STA consuming more power to maintain the awake state.
[0129] It is understood that the wakeup margin may be related to the AMP STA clock drift, and the AMP STA clock drift is related to the length of the doze period. This is because within the doze period, the AMP STA may not receive any time synchronization information, and the time error of the AMP STA's internal clock will continue to accumulate. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the longer the interval between the AMP SP1 and the AMP SP 2, the bigger the AMP STA clock drift, the larger the wakeup margin, and the more power of the AMP STA may be consumed.
[0130] In option 2, the AMP STA has periodic channel sensing after waking up in the wakeup margin. The periodic channel sensing may refer to one or more state transitions between the doze state and the awake state. As shown in FIG. 2, there are CS, MR, CS, MR state transitions within the wakeup margin of the AMP STA in option 2. However, in this case, in a case where the AMP STA is at MR state when the AMP SP starts, the AMP STA may miss out on the start of the AMP SP 2.
[0131] In view of this, the present disclosure provides a communication method. In this method, the AMP AP transmits one or more first frames sequentially, where each of the one or more first frames indicates a duration from a moment when the corresponding first frame is transmitted to a moment for starting an SP of a first SP set. One or more AMP STAs that wake up during transmitting the one or more first frames sequentially may at least receive one first frame, and the corresponding AMP STA receiving the one first frame may determine, based on the duration, a first moment indicating the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set. The AMP STA may enter the doze state till the start of the SP. According to this method, the AMP STA may enter the doze state again in a case where the AMP STA wakes up too early, thereby the power consumption may be reduced, and the success rate of the AMP STA joining the SP is improved.
[0132] In order to facilitate understanding, a switching mechanism of operation states of the AMP STA in FIG. 2 will be first introduced.
[0133] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the AMP STA may oscillate between different operations based on its energy level, channel access, AP triggered responses and agreed SP wake, doze windows, or the like.
[0134] The AMP operation states of the AMP STA include as follows.
[0135] 1. Memory retention (MR) state (time counter, idle)
[0136] In the memory retention state, the AMP STA can maintain memory, maintain a clock or counter for timing, or be in an idle state.
[0137] 2. Channel sensing (CS) state
[0138] In the channel sensing state, the AMP STA passively listens to the channel, for addressed communication or triggers from the AMP AP, or in detecting ongoing communication from other AMP STAs.
[0139] 3. Reception (RX) state (reception, demodulation, decoding)
[0140] In the RX state, the AMP STA can receive frames, and demodulate and decode the received frames.
[0141] 4. Transmission (TX) state (transmission, modulation, encoding)
[0142] In the TX state, the AMP STA can perform transmission over the air, and modulation and encoding of the frames to be transmitted.
[0143] 5. Read / Write (R / W) state (read / write operation, access memory, buffer data)
[0144] In the R / W state, the AMP STA can write to memory, read from memory, maintain data buffer, and access or clear memory.
[0145] While there may be more operation states, the ones listed herein consume the most energy and hence are the most relevant for AMP devices.
[0146] The memory retention state may be classified as the doze power state used for IEEE 802.11 STAs. The rest of the operation states, namely channel sensing, RX, TX, and R / W states may be classified as the awake state used for IEEE 802.11 STAs. In the awake state, the AMP STA can monitor the channel and interact with the AMP AP. In the doze state, the AMP STA does not interact with the AMP AP, that is, the AMP STA does not detect any frame sent by the AMP AP, nor does it send any frame to the AMP AP.
[0147] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of switching conditions for various AMP STA operation states in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0148] For example, FIG. 3 shows detailed conditions for the AMP STA to switch from an operation state to a next operation state. When the time elapsed in the doze state is less than the SP start time minus the clock drift margin where the SP start time minus the clock drift margin is preset, the MR state is maintained. When accessing memory or data buffer (read operation) or writing to memory or data buffer (write operation) is not complete, the R / W state is maintained. When the frame transmission from the AMP STA is not complete, the TX state is maintained. When the frame reception from the AMP AP is not complete, the RX state is maintained. When the time elapsed since the start of the SP session is less than or equal to the minimum wake duration or channel sensing, the CS state is maintained. The minimum wake duration refers to a duration where the AMP STA needs to stay in a wake-up state after the start of the SP of the first SP set.
[0149] When the R / W condition (read data buffer for uplink (UL) transmission and read memory for AMP STA reporting, response, and setup confirmation) is satisfied, it switches from the MR state to the R / W state. At the start of scheduled or random access slot-based transmission, it switches from the R / W state to the TX state. At the start of scheduled or random access slot-based transmission, it switches from the RX state to the TX state. In the case of receiving a frame from the AMP AP, it switches from the CS state to the RX state. When the AMP STA expects a confirmation frame from the AMP AP, e.g., confirms new settings during an SP negotiation, it switches from the TX state to the CS state. In the case of starting a counter to a subsequent SP start time, it switches from the MR state to the TX state. When no frames are received from the AMP AP since the start of SP session for a duration greater than the minimum wake duration or starting the counter to the subsequent SP start time, it switches from the CS to the MR. When the time elapsed is equal to the SP start time minus the clock drift margin, it switches from the MR to the CS.
[0150] For the convenience of description, the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described by taking the interaction between an AMP AP and STAs as an example. The AP may be the above-mentioned AMP AP, and the AMP STA may be the above-mentioned AMP STA (e.g., AMP IoT STA) . The AP and STA may perform some or all of the steps in the embodiments of the present disclosure. These steps or operations are merely examples, and the embodiments of the present disclosure, and may also perform other operations or variations of the operations. In addition, the steps may be performed in a different order in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it may not be necessary to perform all the operations in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0151] It will be noted that the names of the messages between AP and STA or the names of the parameters in the messages in the embodiments of the present disclosure are merely examples, and they may also be other names in the other implementations, which will not be specifically limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0152] Furthermore, the Frame Type field in the AMP frame may set to different sub-type values, to present different AMP SP frames, as show in Table 1. Table 1
[0153] As shown in Table 1, when the value of the sub-type value of the Frame Type field is 0, the AMP frame is an AMP SP Info Frame, which carries SP information. When the value of the sub-type value of the Frame Type field is 1, the AMP frame is an AMP SP Setup Frame, which carries information for SP setup. When the value of the sub-type value of the Frame Type field is 2, the AMP frame is an AMP SP Setup Response Frame, which carries information to confirm SP setup or recommend new SP settings. When the value of the sub-type value of the Frame Type field is 3, the AMP frame is an AMP Advert Frame, which carries information to advertise SP information with timing information.
[0154] FIG. 4 illustrates a communication method 400 in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The method may be applied to the network architecture as shown in FIG. 1. In FIG. 4, an AMP AP is equivalent to the AMP AP 101 in FIG. 1, and one or more of STAs are equivalent to the AMP STAs 102 (e.g., the AMP IoT STA1 or AMP IoT STA2) in FIG. 1. In addition, the method 400 may also be applied to other network architectures, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure. The method 400 includes the following steps.
[0155] In step S410, the AMP AP determines one or more first frames, where each of the one or more first frames indicates a duration from a moment when the each of the one or more first frames is transmitted to a moment for starting a first SP of a first SP set.
[0156] The first frame is used to indicate the time remaining to the start of the SP of the first SP set.
[0157] The first SP set includes a plurality of SPs, and the plurality of SPs are periods that the AMP AP may gain a TXOP for STAs in its BSS. The plurality of SPs of the first SP set may have the same SP parameters and SP time information. In some embodiments, the plurality of SPs of the first SP set may have the same timing interval.
[0158] It is noted that the SPs may include restricted SPs and open SPs. Open SPs allow associated STAs and unassociated STAs within the BSS to join, while the restricted SPs allow the associated STAs within the BSS to join.
[0159] The moment of each of the one or more first frames is transmitted is determined based on an internal clock of the AMP AP. In addition, the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set is also determined based on the internal clock of the AMP AP.
[0160] In step S420, the AMP AP transmits the one or more first frames. Correspondingly, any one of one or more STAs may receive one or more first frames from the AMP AP.
[0161] The AP transmits the one or more first frames by groupcast. Therefore, the one or more first frames may be transmitted to associated STAs and unassociated STAs within the BSS. Some or all of the one or more AMP STAs that are at awake state during the period the one or more frames are transmitted, may receive the one or more first frames, and AMP STAs that are at doze state during the period the one or more frames are transmitted, may not receive any first frame.
[0162] In addition, an AMP STA may receive some or all of the first frames. In some embodiments, an AMP STA may receive one first frame, and enter the doze state. In some embodiments, an AMP STA may maintain wake up state and receive a plurality of first frames, and enter the doze state. In some other embodiments, an AMP STA may maintain wake up state till the start of the SP of the first SP set, and receive all one or more first frames.
[0163] In step, S430, the STA determines, based on the duration, a first moment indicating the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0164] FIG. 4 illustrates only one STA, but it is understood that there may be other AMP STAs that also receive the first frame and determine the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0165] Step S430 may be performed by each of some or all of the one or more AMP STAs receiving the first frame (s) . It is understood that the AMP STA that want to join the SP (s) of the first SP set, may perform the step S430 to determine the first moment.
[0166] By way of example, determining the first moment may be illustrated as follows. The first frame may indicate the duration of 20 minutes. For some AMP STAs that may not be able to keep an absolute time, the first moment is determined as a relative time, which is 20 minutes from the current moment. For other AMP STAs that can keep the absolute time, the first moment is determined as the current absolute time (e.g., 9: 00) plus the duration (20 minutes) indicated by the first frame, so that the first moment is 9: 20. The details of determining the first moment will be introduced in subsequent embodiments.
[0167] The communication method provided in the present disclosure, by transmitting one or more first frames by the AMP AP, the AMP STA receiving the first frame may determine the first moment that indicates the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set. According to this method, the AMP STA may enter the doze state in a case that there is still some time remaining before the first moment, and enter the wake up state again at the first moment to join the SP of the first SP set. Therefore, the power consumption of the AMP STA may be reduced, and the success rate of the AMP STA joining the SP is improved.
[0168] In some embodiments, the first frame includes at least one of an SP parameters field or an SP timing synchronization field, the SP parameters field is used to indicate SP parameter information; and the SP timing synchronization field is used to indicate timing information to synchronize an AMP station (STA) to the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0169] In some embodiments, the SP parameters field includes at least one of: a field indicating an identity (ID) of the first SP set, a field indicating a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, and a field indicating a minimum duration for which an AMP STA is awake after the SP of the first SP set starts.
[0170] For example, the field indicating an ID of the first SP set may be named the SP set ID field. The field indicating the time interval between the SP of the first SP set and the subsequent SP of the first SP set may be named the SP interval field. The field indicating the minimum duration for which the AMP STA is awake after the SP of the first SP set starts may be named the SP minimum wake duration field.
[0171] The SP timing synchronization field includes at least one of a field indicating a time interval between the first frame and a subsequent first frame or a field indicating a number of one or more first frames between the moment when the first frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0172] For example, the field indicating the time interval between the first frame and the subsequent first frame may be named as the SP advert interval field. The field indicating the number of one or more first frames between the moment when the first frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set may be named as the SP Advert Count field.
[0173] In the foregoing embodiments, the first frame includes at least one of the SP parameters field or the SP timing synchronization field, the SP parameters field is used to indicate SP parameter information; and the SP timing synchronization field is used to indicate timing information to synchronize an AMP station (STA) to the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set. The SP parameters field carries information to configure the SP of the first SP set, and the SP timing synchronization field carries information to indicate the remaining time to the start of the SP of the first SP set. When the AMP STA receives the first frame, the AMP STA may adjust the configuration for itself to join the upcoming SP of the first SP set based on the information carried in the SP parameters field. In addition, the AMP STA may determine the first moment to join the SP of the first SP set based on the information carried in the SP timing synchronization field. The first moment, which is a time synchronized with the AMP AP, may address the issue of poor accuracy in the AMP STA's internal clock. As a result, the AMP STA may not need to maintain the wake-up state for the long period before the SP of the first SP set starts, and the AMP STA may also not miss the start time of the SP of the first SP set. Therefore, the power consumption of the AMP STAs may be reduced, and the success rate of the AMP STA joining the SP is improved.
[0174] In some embodiments, the time interval between the first frame and a subsequent first frame, which is carried in the first frame, is an absolute time.
[0175] In these embodiments, the absolute time refers to the moment when the AMP AP transmits the first frame. It is noted that the absolute time is determined based on the AMP AP’s internal clock. For example, the absolute time may indicate a timestamp 9: 45: 46.56. In some embodiments, the absolute time may be represented as a binary timestamp in a fixed-length format such as a 12-bit or 32-bit value. The absolute time may be represented in other forms, such as hexadecimal or decimal, which is not limited in the present disclosure.
[0176] In some other embodiments, the time interval between the first frame and a subsequent first frame is a relative time interval.
[0177] In these embodiments, the relative time interval refers to a duration from a moment when the first frame is transmitted to a moment for starting an SP of a first SP set. It is understood that both the moment when the first frame is transmitted and the moment for starting an SP of a first SP set are determined based on the AMP AP’s internal clock. For example, the relative time interval may indicate a duration of 20 minutes or 14 seconds.
[0178] In these embodiments, the field indicating the time interval between the first frame and a subsequent first frame may include a field indicating the absolute time or the relative time interval. For example, the field indicating the absolute time or relative time interval may be named as the Absolute field. In some embodiments, the Absolute field is 1 bit, where a value of 1 indicates that the first frame carries the absolute time, and a value of 0 indicates that the first frame carries the relative time interval.
[0179] For representing the relative time interval, the field indicating the time interval between the first frame and a subsequent first frame may further include a field indicating a timing unit of the relative time interval, and a field indicating the number of the timing unit. For example, the field indicating the timing unit of the relative time interval may be named as the Timing Unit field, and the field indicating the number of the timing unit may be named as the Timing Multiple field.
[0180] In some examples, the Timing Unit field indicating the timing unit of the relative time interval may be different values. Table 2 provides different values of the Timing Unit field and the corresponding meanings of the different values. When the Timing Unit is 0, the type of Timing Unit is hour, with the corresponding maximum time indicated by the Timing interval being 64 hours. When the Timing Unit is 1, the type of Timing Unit is minute, with the corresponding maximum time indicated by the Timing interval being 64 minutes. When the Timing Unit is 2, the type of Timing Unit is second, with the corresponding maximum time indicated by the Timing interval being 64 seconds. When the Timing Unit is 3, the type of Timing Unit is Hertz (1 / second) , with the corresponding maximum time indicated by the Timing interval up to 64 Hz. Table 2
[0181] According to the foregoing embodiments, the time interval between the first frame and the subsequent first frame is the absolute time or the relative time interval. For AMP STAs that may not keep the absolute time (e.g. Timing Synchronization Function (TSF) ) , these STAs may use the relative time interval to set a counter to count the remaining time to the start of the SP of the first SP set. For AMP STAs that may keep absolute time, these STAs may use the absolute time to determine the time to wake up and join the SP of the first SP set. Therefore, the option of using either absolute time or relative time interval provides greater flexibility and compatibility, making the time synchronization process suitable for a broader range of AMP STAs.
[0182] In some embodiments, the first frame further includes at least one of a field indicating a presence of the SP parameters field or a field indicating a presence of the SP timing synchronization field.
[0183] For example, the field indicating a presence of the SP parameters field may be named as the SP Parameters Present field, and the field indicating a presence of the SP timing synchronization field may be named as the SP Timing Sync Present field.
[0184] According to the foregoing embodiments, upon receiving the first frame, the AMP STA may determine whether the frame carries SP parameters information and / or SP timing synchronization information based on the field.
[0185] Referring to step S420, the AMP AP transmits one or more first frames. In some embodiments, the AMP AP transmits a plurality of first frames, and there may be one or more time intervals between every two adjacent first frames in the plurality of first frames.
[0186] In some embodiments, the one or more time intervals are equal. In some other embodiments, there may be at least two intervals of the one or more time intervals are not equal. To represent this information, the first frame may further include a field indicating whether one or more time intervals between every two adjacent first frames in one or more first frames are equal.
[0187] For example, the field indicating whether one or more time intervals are equal may be named as the Fixed field. In some embodiments, the Fixed field is 1 bit, where a value of 1 indicates that the one or more time intervals between every two adjacent first frames in one or more first frames are equal, and a value of 0 indicates that at least two intervals of the one or more intervals are not equal.
[0188] According the foregoing embodiments, upon receiving the first frame, the AMP STA may determine whether the first frame carries information about whether one or more time intervals between every two adjacent first frames in one or more first frames are equal based on the field. Therefore, the AMP STA may determine how to calculate the remaining time to the start of the SP of the first SP set more easily.
[0189] Referring to step S420, the AMP AP transmits one or more first frames. When the AMP AP transmits a plurality of first frames, there may be one or more time intervals between every two adjacent first frames in the plurality of first frames. In some embodiments, the one or more time intervals are equal.
[0190] FIG. 5 illustrates a first frame transmission scheme, which corresponds to embodiments where one or more time intervals between every two adjacent first frames in the plurality of first frames are equal. For clarity, the term advert interval will be used to refer to an interval between a first frame and a subsequent first frame of the first frame.
[0191] Referring to FIG. 5, there are eight first frames, and each frame may be referred to by its corresponding label on the diagram. For example, the advert interval may be the interval between frame 1 and frame 2, or the interval between frame 2 and frame 3.
[0192] In some embodiments, the advert interval of the SP of the first SP set may be determined based on a clock accuracy of the AMP AP, a clock accuracy of the AMP STA, a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, and a number of one or more first frames between a moment when a preceding SP of the SP of the first SP set ends and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set, and a minimum duration for which the AMP STA is awake after the SP of the first SP set starts.
[0193] In some embodiments, a time interval between two adjacent first frames may be determined based on a clock accuracy of the AMP AP, a clock accuracy of an AMP STA participating in the first SP set, a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, and a number of one or more first frames between a moment when a preceding SP of the first SP set ends and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set, and a minimum duration for which the AMP STA is awake after the SP of the first SP set starts. In a case where the advert interval is fixed, the interval between the two adjacent first frames may be represented by an advert count. The advert count may be determined based on at least one of the factors above.
[0194] The clock accuracy of the AMP AP is known to the AMP AP. In some embodiments, the clock accuracy of the AMP STA is also known to the AMP AP in a case where the AMP STA has transmitted its clock accuracy in a previous association. A combined clock accuracy for the first SP set may be determined based on the clock accuracy of the AMP STA and the clock accuracy of the AMP AP. For example, the combined clock accuracy for the first SP set may be determined based on the clock accuracy of any one of AMP STAs participating in the first SP set and the clock accuracy of the AMP AP. In a possible implementation, the combined clock accuracy for the first SP set is calculated as a sum of the clock accuracy of any one of AMP STAs participating in the first SP set and AMP AP’s clock accuracy. In another possible implementation, the AMP AP may also calculate the combined clock accuracy for the first SP set as a sum of a maximum clock accuracy of the AMP STAs participating in the first SP set, and the AMP AP’s clock accuracy. For example, the first SP set may be any SP set, which is denoted as SP set i, and the clock accuracy of the SP set i may be given by the following formula: where is the combined clock accuracy for SP set i, is the clock accuracy of the kth AMP STA in SP set i, and CAAP is the AMP AP’s clock accuracy. For example, in a case where the AMP STA’s clock accuracy is 300 ppm, and the AMP AP’s clock accuracy is 50 ppm, the combined clock accuracy is 350 ppm.
[0195] In some other embodiments, the clock accuracy of the AMP STA is not known to the AMP AP. In these embodiments, the AMP AP may use the minimum agreed clock accuracy for active AMP STAs, which is 1000ppm, as the clock accuracy of the AMP STA. In these embodiments, a combined clock accuracy is calculated as the sum of the minimum agreed clock accuracy for AMP AP (100 ppm) and the minimum agreed clock accuracy for active AMP STAs (1000 ppm) , which is 1100 ppm.
[0196] Referring to FIG. 5, the time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set corresponds to the interval between AMP SP 1 and AMP SP 2 and is denoted as SP interval. The number of one or more first frames between a moment when a preceding SP of the SP of the first SP set ends and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set, corresponds to the number of first frames between the moment when the AMP SP 1 ends to the moment for starting the AMP SP 2, which is 8 in FIG. 5.
[0197] For clarity, the term total count of first frames in the SP of the first SP set will be used to refer to the number of one or more first frames between a moment when a preceding SP of the first SP set ends and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0198] The total count of first frames in the SP of the first SP set may be calculated based on the following formula: where nADV denotes the total count of first frames in the SP of the first SP set, nADV is an integer, CA denotes the combined clock accuracy, tinterval denotes the duration of the interval of the SP of the first SP set in seconds, and tmin_wake_duration denotes the minimum wake duration in seconds.
[0199] It is understood that the value of nADV may be a different value bigger than the result of For example, the CA may be 1100pm, the tinterval may be 3600 seconds, the tmin_wake_duration may be 0.36 seconds, and the result of the formula is 11. In this example, the value of nADV may be 11, 22, or 30, etc.
[0200] The duration of an advert interval of the SP of the first SP set may be calculated based on the following formula: where tADV denote the duration of advert interval of the SP of the first SP set. For example, the CA may be 1100pm, the tinterval may be 3600 seconds, the nADV may be 11. The tADV is calculated as 0.36 seconds. In another example, the CA may be 1100 ppm, the tinterval may be 3600 seconds, the nADV may be 22, and the tADV is calculated as 0.18 seconds.
[0201] It is understood that there may be other ways to determine the durations of advert intervals, where the duration of each of the advert intervals is equal, and this is not limited to the present disclosure.
[0202] According to the foregoing embodiments, the advert intervals between every two adjacent first frames in the one or more first frames are equal. In addition, the advert interval of the SP of the first SP set is determined based on the combined accuracy of the AMP AP and AMP STA, the time interval between the SP of the first SP set and the subsequent SP of the first SP set, and the total count of first frames in the SP of the first SP set. The equal advert interval transmission scheme may simplify the timing control logic for both the AMP AP and one or more AMP STAs, and thereby reduce the implementation complexity of the timing synchronization process between the AMP AP and the one or more AMP STAs.
[0203] In some embodiments, there may be at least two advert intervals of the one or more advert intervals are not equal. FIG. 6 illustrates a first frame transmission scheme corresponding to embodiments where at least two advert intervals of the one or more advert intervals are not equal.
[0204] As shown in FIG. 6, there are eight first frames, and each frame may be referred to by its corresponding label on the diagram. The advert interval, for example, the advert interval may be the interval between frame 1 and frame 2, or the interval between frame 2 and frame 3.
[0205] In some embodiments, the intervals between two adjacent first frames may be calculated based on the time remaining at the start of the SP. In these embodiments, the advert interval may be determined based on a start time of the SP of the first SP, a clock accuracy of the AMP AP, a clock accuracy of the AMP STA, a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, and a number of one or more first frames between a moment when a first frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0206] In some embodiments, the intervals between two adjacent first frames may be calculated based on the time remaining at the start of the SP. In these embodiments, the advert interval may be determined based on a start time of the SP of the first SP, a clock accuracy of the AMP AP, a clock accuracy of an AMP STA participating in the first SP set, a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, and a number of one or more first frames between a moment when a first frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set. As mentioned earlier, in a case where the advert interval is fixed, the interval between the two adjacent first frames may also be represented by the advert count. The advert count may also be determined based on at least one of the factors above.
[0207] In these embodiments, a combined clock accuracy may be obtained as the sum of the AMP AP’s clock accuracy and a clock accuracy of an AMP STA participating in the first SP set. The process of obtaining the combined clock accuracy has been introduced in some embodiments corresponding to FIG. 5, and therefore it will not be reiterated herein.
[0208] Referring to FIG. 6, the start time of the SP of the first SP corresponds to the start time of AMP SP 2, which is denoted as Start Time in FIG. 6. The time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set corresponds to the time interval between the AMP SP 1 and AMP SP 2, which is denoted as the SP interval. In addition, for clarity, the term remaining first frame count will be used to refer to the number one or more first frames between a moment when a first frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set. For example, in FIG. 6, the remaining first frame count of frame 1 is 7, the remaining first frame count of frame 4 is 4, and the remaining first frame count of frame 8 is 0.
[0209] In these embodiments, the nthadvert interval refers to the advert interval between the nthfirst frame and the (n+1) thfirst frame. The nth denotes the order of the first frame, which is arranged according to the transmitting sequence. That is, the first transmitted frame is designated as the 1st first frame, the second transmitted frame as the 2nd first frame, and so on. The n is an integer, and the value range of n ranges from 1 to n_dyn, inclusive. The n_dyn refers to the number of one or more first frames between a moment when a preceding SP of the first SP set ends and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0210] Before calculating the nthadvert interval, the total count of first frames during the SP of the first SP set, which is denoted n_dyn, may be calculated based on the following formula: where log () denotes the natural logarithmic function, CA denotes the combined clock accuracy, tinterval denotes the duration of the interval of the SP of the first SP set in seconds, tmin denotes the minimum supported time interval in seconds. The minimum supported time duration refers to a minimum unit of time supported by the hardware of the AMP AP to send out first frames back to back or the minimum interframe spacing as defined by the standard. SIFS is 10 microseconds for 2.4GHz. In some embodiments, the minimum supported time interval may be 10 microseconds SIFS as defined for IEEE 802.11bn. In some other embodiments, the minimum supported time interval may be larger than 10 microseconds SIFS.
[0211] The nthadvert interval may be calculated by the following formula: where denotes the nthadvert interval, tSP denotes the start time of the SP of the first SP in seconds, the denotes a calculation of summing all CAk from k = 1 through k = n, and CAk denotes the CA is multiplied by itself k times.
[0212] It is understood that there may be other ways to determine the advert interval, and this is not limited to the present disclosure.
[0213] According to the foregoing embodiments, the advert interval of the first frame is determined corresponding to the order that the first frame is transmitted. Therefore, the advert interval may reduce as the start time of the SP of the first SP set approaches, so that the frequency of transmitting the first frames may increase as well. Therefore, the chance of the AMP STA receiving the first frame may increase as the start time of the SP of the first SP set approaches, and by increasing the chance of receiving the first frame, the success rate of the AMP STA joining the SP of the first SP may increase as well.
[0214] In some embodiments, the first frame is an AMP SP advert frame, and the AMP SP Advert frame advertises SP-related time information. FIG. 7 illustrates a transmission process where the AMP SP Advert frame is the first frame.
[0215] As shown in FIG. 7, the AMP AP may transmit one or more AMP Advert frames, and the one or more AMP Advert frames advertise SP-related time information.
[0216] It is noted the name AMP SP Advert frames in the embodiments of the present disclosure are merely examples, and they may also be other names in the other implementations, which will not be specifically limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0217] FIG. 8 illustrates a structure of an AMP SP Advert Frame Body. In the AMP SP Advert frame, the Frame Body field may be Variant-2 and includes the Sub-Type field, the Sub-Type Short Control field, and the Type Dependent Payload field. The Sub-Type field is 3, which is used to advertise SP-related time information, and its length is 2 bits. The Sub-Type Short Control field is used to indicate the short sub-type control of the frame, and its length is 6 bits. The Type Dependent Payload field is used to indicate type-related payload information, and its length is variable.
[0218] Referring to FIG. 8, the Sub-Type Short Control field may include an SP Set ID field, an SP Parameters Present field and an SP Timing Sync Present field. The SP Set ID field is used to indicate the ID of the first SP set, and its length is 4 bits. The SP Parameters Present field is used to indicate presence of the SP Parameters field, and its length is 1 bit. The SP Timing Info Present field is used to indicate presence of the SP Timing Info field, and its length is 1 bit. The SP Timing Sync Present field is used to indicate presence of the SP Timing Sync field, and its length is 1 bit. The Type Dependent Payload field may include an SP Parameters field and an SP Timing Sync field. The length of SP Parameters field is 0 bit or 16 bits, and the length of SP Timing Sync field is 0 bit or 24 bits.
[0219] The SP Parameters field is used to indicate SP parameter information. For example, the SP Parameters field includes an SP Set ID field, SP Interval field, and SP Minimum Wake Duration field. The SP Set ID field is used to indicate the ID of the first SP set, and its length is 4 bits. The SP Interval field is used to indicate the time interval between an SP and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, and its length is 8 bits. The SP Minimum Wake Duration field is used to indicate the minimum duration of the awake state of the AMP STA after the start of the SP of the first SP set, and its length is 4 bits. The SP Interval field includes a Timing Unit field and a Timing Interval field. The Timing Unit field is used to indicate a unit of the interval between the SP and the subsequent SP included in the first SP set, and its length is 2 bits. The Timing Interval field is used to indicate the time interval between an SP and a subsequent SP included in the first SP set, and its length is 6 bits. The SP Minimum Wake Duration field may be set to a slot time (for example, the slot time of the 2.4GHz is 9 ms) , which allows the AMP STA to return to the doze state without receiving the first AMP frame from the AMP AP during a period of time after the start of the SP, thereby saving energy consumption.
[0220] The SP Timing Sync field is used to indicate timing synchronization information to the AMP STAs. For example, the SP Timing Sync field includes a Fixed field, an SP Advert Interval field, and an SP Advert Count field. The Fixed field is used to indicate where the one or more time intervals between every two adjacent first frames in one or more first frames are equal. The length of the Fixed field is 1 bit. The value of 1 of the Fixed field indicates that the one or more time intervals between every two adjacent first frames in one or more first frames are equal, and a value of 0 indicates that at least two intervals of the one or more intervals are not equal.
[0221] The SP Advert Interval is used to indicate the time interval between the first frame and a subsequent first frame. The SP Advert Interval field may include an Absolute field and a Partial TSF field. The Partial TSF field is used to indicate the absolute time of the moment when the first frame is transmitted, and its length is 12 bits. The Absolute field is used to indicate that the Absolute field is set to 1, and its length is 1 bit. Alternatively, the SP Advert Interval field may include an Absolute field, Timing Unit field, and Timing Multiple field. The Absolute field is used to indicate that the Absolute field is set to 0, and its length is 1 bit. The Timing Unit field is used to indicate a timing unit of the relative time interval, and the length of the Timing Unit field is 2 bits. The Timing Multiple is used to indicate the number of the timing unit, and the length of the Timing Multiple field is 10 bits.
[0222] The SP Advert Count is used to indicate a number of one or more first frames between the moment when the first frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set. The length of the SP Advert Count is 10 bits.
[0223] In the foregoing embodiments, the first frame is an AMP SP advert frame, and the AMP SP advert frame advertises SP-related time information. By transmitting one or more AMP SP advert frames rather than existing frame types to advertise the SP-related time information, the network may achieve more targeted and efficient time synchronization, and the potential confusion or interference with other frames may be reduced.
[0224] In some embodiments, the AMP AP may transmit one or more AMP SP Setup frames, and the one or more AMP SP Setup frames configure the first SP set. FIG. 9 illustrates a transmission process where the AMP SP Setup frame is the first frame.
[0225] FIG. 10A illustrates a structure of an AMP SP Setup Frame Body provided in embodiments of the present disclosure. In the AMP SP Setup frame, the Frame Body field may be Variant-2, and includes the Sub-Type field, the Sub-Type Short Control field, and the Type Dependent Payload field. The Sub-Type field is 1, which is used to setup the SP, and its length is 2 bits. The Sub-Type Short Control field is used to indicate the short sub-type control of the frame, and its length is 6 bits. The Type Dependent Payload field is used to indicate type-related payload information, and its length is variable.
[0226] Referring to FIG. 10A, the Sub-Type Short Control field may include a Teardown SP field, an SP Parameters Present field, SP Timing Info Present, an SP Timing Sync Present field, and a Reserved field. The Teardown SP field is used to indicate cancellation of the first SP set, and its length is 1 bit. The SP Parameters Present field is used to indicate presence of the SP Parameters field, and its length is 1 bit. The SP Timing Info Present field is used to indicate presence of the SP Timing Info field, and its length is 1 bit. The SP Timing Sync Present field is used to indicate presence of the SP Timing Sync field, and its length is 1 bit. The length of the Reserved field is 2 bits. The Type Dependent Payload field may include an SP Parameters field, an SP Timing Info field, and an SP Timing Sync field. The length of SP Parameters field is 0 bit or 16 bits, the length of SP Timing Info field is 0 bit or 16 bits, and the length of SP Timing Sync field is 0 bit or 24 bits.
[0227] The SP Parameters field is used to indicate SP parameter information. For example, the SP Parameters field includes an SP Set ID field, SP Interval field, and SP Minimum Wake Duration field. The SP Set ID field is used to indicate the ID of the first SP set, and its length is 4 bits. The SP Interval field is used to indicate the time interval between an SP and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, and its length is 8 bits. The SP Minimum Wake Duration field is used to indicate the minimum duration of the awake state of the AMP STA after the start of the SP of the first SP set, and its length is 4 bits. The SP Interval field includes a Timing Unit field and a Timing Interval field. The Timing Unit field is used to indicate a unit of the interval between the SP and the subsequent SP included in the first SP set, and its length is 2 bits. The Timing Interval field is used to indicate the time interval between an SP and a subsequent SP included in the first SP set, and its length is 6 bits. The SP Minimum Wake Duration field may be set to a slot time (for example, the slot time of the 2.4GHz is 9 ms) , which allows the AMP STA to return to the doze state without receiving the first AMP frame from the AMP AP during a period of time after the start of the SP, thereby saving energy consumption.
[0228] The SP Timing Info field is used to indicate SP time information. For example, the SP Timing Info field includes an SP Start Time field and a Reserved field. The length of the Reserved field is 3 bits. The SP Start Time field is used to indicate the start time of the SP, and its length is 13 bits. The SP Start Time field may include an Absolute field and a Partial Timing Synchronization Function (TSF) field. The Absolute field is used to indicate the absolute start time of the SP, and its length is 1 bit. The Partial TSF field is used to indicate that the Absolute field is set to 1, and its length is 12 bits. Alternatively, the SP Start Time field may include an Absolute field, Timing Unit field, and Timing Multiple field. The Absolute field is used to indicate the absolute start time of the SP, and its length is 1 bit. The Timing Unit field and the Timing Multiple field are used to indicate that the Absolute field is set to 0. The length of the Timing Unit field is 2 bits, and the length of the Timing Multiple field is 10 bits.
[0229] The SP Timing Sync field is used to indicate timing synchronization information to the AMP STAs. For example, the SP Timing Sync field includes a Fixed field, an SP Advert Interval field and an SP Advert Count field. The Fixed field is used to indicate where the one or more time intervals between every two adjacent first frames in one or more first frames are equal. The length of the Fixed field is 1 bit. The value of 1 of the Fixed field indicates that the one or more time intervals between every two adjacent first frames in one or more first frames are equal, and a value of 0 indicates that at least two intervals of the one or more intervals are not equal.
[0230] The SP Advert Interval is used to indicate the time interval between the first frame and a subsequent first frame. The SP Advert Interval field may include an Absolute field and a Partial Timing Synchronization Function (TSF) field. The Partial TSF field is used to indicate the absolute time of the moment when the first frame is transmitted, and its length is 12 bits. The Absolute field is used to indicate that the Absolute field is set to 1, and its length is 1 bit. Alternatively, the SP Advert Interval field may include an Absolute field, Timing Unit field, and Timing Multiple field. The Absolute field is used to indicate that the Absolute field is set to 0, and its length is 1 bit. The Timing Unit field is used to indicate a timing unit of the relative time interval, and the length of the Timing Unit field is 2 bits. The Timing Multiple is used to indicate the number of the timing unit, and the length of the Timing Multiple field is 10 bits.
[0231] The SP Advert Count is used to indicate a number of one or more first frames between the moment when the first frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set. The length of the SP Advert Count is 10 bits.
[0232] According to the foregoing embodiments, the first frame is the AMP SP Setup frame, and the AMP SP Setup frame advertises SP-related time information. By incorporating SP-related time information into the AMP SP Setup frames, which may be used to configure the first SP set, the advertisement of SP-related time information may be performed in existing frame types, thereby simplifying the time synchronization process.
[0233] In some implementations, the first frame includes at least one of: a field indicating a first clock accuracy or a clock accuracy of an AMP AP, where the first clock accuracy is determined based on the clock accuracy of the AMP AP and a clock accuracy of an AMP STA participating in the first SP set; or a field indicating a presence of the first clock accuracy or a presence of the clock accuracy of the AMP AP.
[0234] The AMP STA participating in the first SP set may be any AMP STA that participates in the first SP set. In some implementations, the AMP STA participating in the first SP set is an AMP STA with a greatest clock accuracy participating in the first SP set.
[0235] The first clock accuracy may refer to the combined clock accuracy described above, which will not be repeated herein. The field indicating a first clock accuracy or a clock accuracy of an AMP AP may refer to a Clock Accuracy field, and the field indicating a presence of the first clock accuracy or a presence of the clock accuracy of the AMP AP may refer to a Clock Accuracy Present field.
[0236] FIG. 10B illustrates another structure of an AMP SP Setup Frame Body provided in embodiments of the present disclosure. The AMP SP Setup Frame Body shown in FIG. 10B is similar to the AMP SP Setup Frame Body shown in FIG. 10A, and the same parts will not be repeated herein.
[0237] Referring to FIG. 10B, the Sub-Type Short Control field may further include the Clock Accuracy Present field. The Clock Accuracy Present field is used to indicate presence of the Clock Accuracy field, and its length is 1 bit. In this case, the length of the Reserved field is 1 bit. The Type Dependent Payload field may further include a Clock Accuracy field with a length of 0 or 8 bits. The Clock Accuracy field may be used to indicate clock accuracy information to the AMP STAs. In a possible implementation, the Clock Accuracy field may carry the clock accuracy of the AMP AP. In another possible implementation, the Clock Accuracy field may carry the first clock accuracy. In a case where the first clock accuracy is determined based on the clock accuracy of the AMP AP and the clock accuracy of the AMP STA. Upon receiving the AMP SP Setup frame, the AMP STA may calculate the clock accuracy of the AMP AP based on the first clock accuracy carried in the AMP SP Setup frame.
[0238] In some embodiments, the AMP AP may transmit one or more AMP SP Info frames, and the one or more AMP SP Info frames carry SP information. FIG. 11 illustrates a transmission process where the AMP SP Info frame is the first frame.
[0239] FIG. 12A is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of a Frame Body field of an AMP SP Info frame provided in embodiments of the present disclosure. In the AMP SP Info frame, the Frame Body field may be Variant-2, and includes the Sub-Type field, the Sub-Type Long Control field, and the Type Dependent Payload field. The Sub-Type field is 0, which is used to carry SP information, and its length is 2 bits. The Sub-Type Long Control field is used to indicate the long sub-type control of the frame, and its length is 14 bits. The Type Dependent Payload field is used to indicate type-related payload information, and its length is variable.
[0240] Referring to FIG. 12A, the Sub-Type Long Control field may include an SP Set ID field, SP Parameters Present field, and SP Timing Info Present, an SP Timing Sync Present field, and a Reserved field. The SP Set ID field is used to indicate the ID of the first SP set, and its length is 4 bits. The SP Parameters Present field is used to indicate presence of the SP Parameters field, and its length is 1 bit. The SP Timing Info Present field is used to indicate presence of the SP Timing Info field, and its length is 1 bit. The length of the Reserved field is 7 bits. The Type Dependent Payload field may include an SP Parameters field, and an SP Timing Info field. The SP Parameters field and the SP Timing Info field are each 0 bit or 16 bits in length. The SP Timing Sync Present field is used to indicate presence of the SP Timing Sync field, and its length is 1 bit. The length of the Reserved field is 7 bits. The Type Dependent Payload field may include an SP Parameters field, an SP Timing Info field, and an SP Timing Sync field. The length of SP Parameters field is 0 bit or 16 bits, the length of SP Timing Info field is 0 bit or 16 bits, and the length of SP Timing Sync field is 0 bit or 24 bits.
[0241] The SP Parameters field is used to indicate SP parameter information. For example, the SP Parameters field includes an SP Set ID field, SP Interval field, and SP Minimum Wake Duration field. The SP Set ID field is used to indicate the ID of the first SP set, and its length is 4 bits. The SP Interval field is used to indicate the time interval between an SP and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, and its length is 8 bits. The SP Minimum Wake Duration field is used to indicate the minimum duration of the awake state of the AMP STA after the start of the SP of the first SP set, and its length is 4 bits. The SP Interval field includes a Timing Unit field and a Timing Interval field. The Timing Unit field is used to indicate a unit of the interval between the SP and the subsequent SP included in the first SP set, and its length is 2 bits. The Timing Interval field is used to indicate the time interval between an SP and a subsequent SP included in the first SP set, and its length is 6 bits. The SP Minimum Wake Duration field may be set to a slot time (for example, the slot time of the 2.4GHz is 9 ms) , which allows the AMP STA to return to the doze state without receiving the first AMP frame from the AMP AP during a period of time after the start of the SP, thereby saving energy consumption.
[0242] The SP Timing Info field is used to indicate SP time information. For example, the SP Timing Info field includes an SP Start Time field and a Reserved field. The length of the Reserved field is 3 bits. The SP Start Time field is used to indicate the start time of the SP, and its length is 13 bits. The SP Start Time field may include an Absolute field and a Partial Timing Synchronization Function (TSF) field. The Absolute field is used to indicate the absolute start time of the SP, and its length is 1 bit. The Partial TSF field is used to indicate that the Absolute field is set to 1, and its length is 12 bits. Alternatively, the SP Start Time field may include an Absolute field, Timing Unit field, and Timing Multiple field. The Absolute field is used to indicate the absolute start time of the SP, and its length is 1 bit. The Timing Unit field and the Timing Multiple field are used to indicate that the Absolute field is set to 0. The length of the Timing Unit field is 2 bits, and the length of the Timing Multiple field is 10 bits.
[0243] The SP Timing Sync field is used to indicate timing synchronization information to the AMP STAs. For example, the SP Timing Sync field includes a Fixed field, an SP Advert Interval field, and an SP Advert Count field. The Fixed field is used to indicate where the one or more time intervals between every two adjacent first frames in one or more first frames are equal. The length of the Fixed field is 1 bit. The value of 1 of the Fixed field indicates that the one or more time intervals between every two adjacent first frames in one or more first frames are equal, and a value of 0 indicates that at least two intervals of the one or more intervals are not equal.
[0244] The SP Advert Interval is used to indicate the time interval between the first frame and a subsequent first frame. The SP Advert Interval field may include an Absolute field and a Partial Timing Synchronization Function (TSF) field. The Partial TSF field is used to indicate the absolute time of the moment when the first frame is transmitted, and its length is 12 bits. The Absolute field is used to indicate that the Absolute field is set to 1, and its length is 1 bit. Alternatively, the SP Advert Interval field may include an Absolute field, Timing Unit field, and Timing Multiple field. The Absolute field is used to indicate that the Absolute field is set to 0, and its length is 1 bit. The Timing Unit field is used to indicate a timing unit of the relative time interval, and the length of the Timing Unit field is 2 bits. The Timing Multiple is used to indicate the number of the timing unit, and the length of the Timing Multiple field is 10 bits.
[0245] The SP Advert Count is used to indicate a number of one or more first frames between the moment when the first frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set. The length of the SP Advert Count is 10 bits.
[0246] According to the foregoing embodiments, the first frame is an AMP SP Info frame, and the AMP SP Info frame advertises SP-related time information. By incorporating SP-related time information into the AMP SP Info frames, which may be used to carry SP information, the advertisement of SP-related time information may be performed in existing frame types, thereby simplifying the time synchronization process.
[0247] FIG. 12B is a schematic diagram of another frame structure of a Frame Body field of an AMP SP Info frame provided in embodiments of the present disclosure. The Frame Body field of the AMP SP Info frame shown in FIG. 12B is similar to the Frame Body field of the AMP SP Info frame shown in FIG. 12A, and the same parts will not be repeated herein.
[0248] Referring to FIG. 12B, the Sub-Type Long Control field may further include the Clock Accuracy Present field. The Clock Accuracy Present field is used to indicate presence of the Clock Accuracy field, and its length is 1 bit. In this case, the length of the Reserved field is 1 bit. The Type Dependent Payload field may further include a Clock Accuracy field with a length of 0 or 8 bits, which may refer to related description in FIG. 10B and will not be repeated herein.
[0249] In some embodiments, the AMP AP may transmit one or more AMP Beacon frames, and the one or more AMP Beacon frames configures a plurality of SP sets including the first SP set. FIG. 13 illustrates the transmission process where the AMP Beacon frame is the first frame.
[0250] FIG. 14A is a schematic diagram showing a structure of an AMP Beacon Frame Body provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure. In the AMP Beacon frame, the Frame Body field may be Variant-2, and includes the Sub-Type field, the Sub-Type Short Control field, and the Type Dependent Payload field. The Sub-Type field is 0, which is used to broadcast a plurality of SPs, and its length is 2 bits. The Sub-Type Short Control field is used to indicate the short sub-type control of the frame, and its length is 6 bits. The Type Dependent Payload field is used to indicate type-related payload information, and its length is variable.
[0251] Referring to FIG. 14A, the Sub-Type Short Control field may include an SP Parameters Set Present field, an SP Timing Info Set Present field, an SP Timing Sync Set Present field, a Beacon Interval Present field, a Beacon Count field and a Reserved field. The SP Parameters Set Present field is used to indicate presence of the SP Parameters Set field, and its length is 1 bit. The SP Timing Info Set Present field is used to indicate presence of the SP Timing Info Set field, and its length is 1 bit. The SP Timing Sync Set Present field is used to indicate the presence of the SP Timing Sync Set field, and its length is 1 bit. The Beacon Interval Present field is used to indicate presence of the Beacon Interval field, and its length is 1 bit. The Beacon Count Present field is used to indicate presence of the Beacon Count field, and its length is 1 bit. The length of the Reserved field is 1 bit. The Type Dependent Payload field may include an SP Parameters Set field, SP Timing Info Set field, an SP Timing Sync Set field, a Beacon Interval field, and a Beacon Count field. The SP Parameters field and the SP Timing Info field are either 0 bit or (N ×16) bits in length, where N is equal to 2n (N=2n) , indicating n bits SP set ID. The length of the SP Timing Sync Set field is either 0 bit or (N ×24) bits, where N is equal to 2n (N=2n) , indicating n bits SP set ID. The length of the Beacon Interval field is either 0 bit or 8 bits. The length of the Beacon Count field is either 0 or 16 bits.
[0252] The SP Parameters Set field is used to indicate SP parameter information. For example, the SP Parameters Set field includes (N -1) SP Set ID fields (e.g., "Set ID 0" , . . ., and "SP Set ID N-1" fields) each with a length of 16 bits. Each of the SP Set ID fields includes an SP Interval field, an SP Minimum Wake Duration field and a Reserved field. Wherein, the SP Interval field is used to indicate the time interval between the first SP of the first SP set and the subsequent SP of the first SP set, the length of which is 8 bits. The SP Minimum Wake Duration field is used to indicate the minimum duration of the awake state of the AMP STA after the start of the SP of the first SP set, and its length is 4 bits. The length of the Reserved field is 4 bits. The SP Interval field includes a Timing Unit field and a Timing Interval field. The Timing Unit field is used to indicate a unit of the interval between the first SP of the first SP set and the subsequent SP of the first SP set, and its length is 2 bits. The Timing Interval field is used to indicate the time interval between the first SP of the first SP set and the subsequent SP of the first SP set, and its length is 6 bits.
[0253] The SP Timing Info Set field is used to indicate SP time information. For example, the SP Timing Info Set field includes (N -1) SP Set ID fields (e.g., "Set ID 0" , . . ., and "SP Set ID N-1" fields) each with a length of 16 bits. Each of the SP Set ID fields includes an SP Start Time field and a Reserved field. The length of the Reserved field is 3 bits. The SP Start Time field is used to indicate the start time of the SP, and its length is 13 bits. The SP Start Time field may include an Absolute field and a Partial TSF field. The Absolute field is used to indicate the absolute start time of the SP, and its length is 1 bit. The Partial TSF field is used to indicate that the Absolute field is set to 1, and its length is 12 bits. Alternatively, the SP Start Time field may include an Absolute field, Timing Unit field, and Timing Multiple field. The Absolute field is used to indicate the absolute start time of the SP, and its length is 1 bit. The Timing Unit field and the Timing Multiple field are used to indicate that the Absolute field is set to 0. The length of the Timing Unit field is 2 bits, and the length of the Timing Multiple field is 10 bits.
[0254] The SP Timing Sync Set field is used to indicate timing synchronization information. For example, the SP Timing Info Set field includes (N -1) SP Set ID fields (e.g., "Set ID 0" , . . ., and "SP Set ID N-1" fields) each with a length of 24 bits. Each of the SP Set ID fields includes a includes a Fixed field, an SP Advert Interval field, and an SP Advert Count field. The Fixed field is used to indicate where the one or more time intervals between every two adjacent first frames in one or more first frames are equal. The length of the Fixed field is 1 bit. The value of 1 of the Fixed field indicates that the one or more time intervals between every two adjacent first frames in one or more first frames are equal, and a value of 0 indicates that at least two intervals of the one or more intervals are not equal.
[0255] The SP Advert Interval is used to indicate the time interval between the first frame and a subsequent first frame. The length of the SP Advert Interval is 13 bits. The SP Advert Interval field may include an Absolute field and a Partial Timing Synchronization Function (TSF) field. The Partial TSF field is used to indicate the absolute time of the moment when the first frame is transmitted, and its length is 12 bits. The Absolute field is used to indicate that the Absolute field is set to 1, and its length is 1 bit. Alternatively, the SP Advert Interval field may include an Absolute field, Timing Unit field, and Timing Multiple field. The Absolute field is used to indicate that the Absolute field is set to 0, and its length is 1 bit. The Timing Unit field is used to indicate a timing unit of the relative time interval, and the length of the Timing Unit field is 2 bits. The Timing Multiple is used to indicate the number of the timing unit, and the length of the Timing Multiple field is 10 bits.
[0256] The Beacon Interval field includes a Timing Unit field and a Timing Interval field. The Timing Unit field is used to indicate a unit of the interval between the first SP of the first SP set and the subsequent SP of the first SP set and its length is 2 bits. The Timing Interval field is used to indicate the transmission period of the beacon frame, and its length is 6 bits.
[0257] The Beacon Count field includes an SP Set ID field and a Count to SP field. The SP Set ID is used to indicate the identity of the SP set. The length of the SP Set ID is 4 bits. The Count to SP field is used to indicate a number of one or more AMP beacon frames between the moment when the AMP beacon frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set. The length of the Count to SP field is 12 bits.
[0258] FIG. 14B is a schematic diagram showing another structure of an AMP Beacon Frame Body provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure. The AMP Beacon Frame Body shown in FIG. 14B is similar to the AMP Beacon Frame Body shown in FIG. 14A, and the same parts will not be repeated herein.
[0259] Referring to FIG. 14B, the Sub-Type Short Control field may further include the Clock Accuracy Present field. The Clock Accuracy Present field is used to indicate presence of the Clock Accuracy field, and its length is 1 bit. In this case, the length of the Reserved field is 1 bit. The Type Dependent Payload field may further include a Clock Accuracy field with a length of 0 or 8 bits, which may refer to related description in FIG. 10B and will not be repeated herein.
[0260] In the foregoing embodiments, the first frame is an AMP Beacon frame, and the AMP Beacon frame advertises SP-related time information. By incorporating SP-related time information into the AMP Beacon frames, which may be periodically broadcasted and used to configure a plurality of SP sets including the first SP set, the advertisement of SP-related time information may be performed in existing frame types, thereby simplifying the time synchronization process.
[0261] In some embodiments, the AMP AP may transmit a plurality of first frames, and some of the first frames may be AMP SP advert frames, and some of the first frames may be AMP SP Info frames. In some other embodiments, the AMP AP may transmit a plurality of first frames, and some of the first frames may be AMP SP advert frames, and some of the first frames may be AMP beacon frames, and some of the first frames may be AMP SP Info frames. It is understood that the four types of frames: AMP SP advert frames, AMP SP Setup frames, AMP SP Info frames and AMP beacon frames may serve as the first frames and be transmitted in any combination, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0262] Referring to FIG. 4, in some embodiments, a transmitting process of a fourth frame may include step S440.
[0263] In step S440, the AMP AP transmits fourth frame, wherein the fourth frame configures the first SP set, a start moment of the first SP set carried in the fourth frame is the second moment, and the first moment is later than the second moment. Correspondingly, the AMP STA receives the fourth frame.
[0264] FIG. 15A illustrates a schematic diagram of a process of transmitting a fourth frame. As shown in FIG. 15A, in some embodiments, the AMP AP may send a CTS-to-self frame to indicate the duration of the TXOP to one or more STAs that try to contend for the same resource. The AMP AP transmits a fourth frame. The fourth frame is transmitted by groupcast.
[0265] In some embodiments, the fourth frame may be the AMP SP Setup frame. In some other embodiments, the fourth frame may be the AMP SP Info frame. Regardless of whether the fourth frame is AMP SP Setup frame or an AMP SP Info frame, the fourth frame carries a second moment.
[0266] The second moment refers to the start moment of the first SP set carried in the fourth frame. Referring to FIG. 10A or FIG. 10B, in some embodiments, the second moment may be included in the SP Start Time field in the AMP SP Setup Frame. In some other embodiments, referring to FIG. 12A or FIG. 12B, the second moment may be included in the SP Start Time field in the AMP SP Info Frame.
[0267] The second moment refers to the start moment of the first SP that AP determines based on its internal clock, before transmitting the first frame. The AMP STAs receiving the fourth frame may determine a wake up moment to join the SP of the first SP set. As discussed before, some AMP STAs may have internal clocks slower than the AMP AP’s internal clocks. Therefore, the wake up moment determined by the AMP STAs with slower internal clocks may be later than the second moment.
[0268] FIG. 15A shows three types of moments, second moment, wake up moment, and first moment. The second moment is carried in the fourth frame and is determined before transmitting the first frame. The wake up moment is the moment the AMP STA enters the channel sensing state. Then, in some situations, an AMP STA with an internal clock slower than the AMP AP’s internal clock may wake up at the wake up moment. Because the wake up moment is later than the second moment, the AMP STA may miss the AMP SP.
[0269] In some embodiments, to address the issue that some AMP STAs may miss the SP of the first SP set, the AMP AP may determine a first moment, and delay the start moment of AMP SP from the second moment to the first moment. In addition, the AMP AP transmits one or more first frames to indicate the first moment. Correspondingly, the AMP STA receives one or more first frame may determine a second wake up moment based on the first moment, and may not miss the delayed SP.
[0270] It is noted that the fourth frame is transmitted prior to the first frame, and the second moment is also prior to the first moment.
[0271] In some embodiments, the duration between the first moment and the second moment is the maximum clock drift, which may be the sum of the AMP AP’s clock accuracy and STA’s clock accuracy. The maximum clock drift may refer to the first clock accuracy (i.e., the combined clock accuracy) , e.g., the first clock accuracy may be the clock accuracy of the first SP set, which are merely illustrative and not intended to be limiting. The maximum clock drift is introduced in the foregoing embodiments, and therefore it will not be reiterated here. The first clock accuracy is also introduced in the foregoing embodiments, and therefore they will not be reiterated here.
[0272] The foregoing embodiments describe the first moment and second moment. Now another embodiment is described to facilitate ensuring the AMP STA does not miss the start of the AMP SP.
[0273] In some implementations, multiple maximum clock drifts may be considered by the AMP AP while transmitting the one or more first frames. For example, twice the maximum clock drift may be covered in the SP interval. The SP interval may refer to a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set. The AMP AP does so, to cover both positive and negative clock drift. The positive clock drift may refer to a clock drift occurring earlier than an actual time, and the negative clock drift may refer to a clock drift occurring later than the actual time.
[0274] FIG. 15B illustrates a schematic diagram of a process of transmitting the one or more first frames in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 15B is similar to FIG. 15A, and the same parts will not be repeated herein. For example, the SP interval may refer to an interval between AMP SP 1 and AMP SP 2 in FIG. 15B. Referring to FIG. 15B, the first moment may be calculated as a third moment plus the SP interval, and the first moment may refer to a start time of the AMP SP 2. The third moment represents the start time of the previous AMP SP, that is AMP SP 1. The second moment may be an indicated start time of the AMP SP 2, which may be carried in the fourth frame. The second moment may be calculated as the first moment minus the maximum clock drift. The fourth frame may be an AMP SP Setup Frame, an AMP SP Info Frame, or an AMP Beacon Frame, which are introduced in the foregoing embodiments, and therefore they will not be reiterated here.
[0275] The first moment may refer to the start moment of the SP (e.g., the AMP SP 2) that the AMP AP determines based on its internal clock, and the third moment may refer to a preceding moment that accounts for the maximum clock drift, that the AP determines before transmitting the first frame. AMP STAs that receive the fourth frame, carrying the second moment, may determine a first wake up moment to participate in the SP of the first SP set. As discussed before, some AMP STAs may have internal clocks slower than the AMP AP’s internal clocks. Therefore, the first wake up moment determined by the AMP STAs with slower internal clocks may be later than the second moment.
[0276] In some implementations, the duration may be determined based on the first clock accuracy.
[0277] Referring to FIG. 15B, in order for the AMP STAs to not miss the first moment, the AMP AP may adjust the advert count carried in the first frame, based on the remaining time to the first moment minus the maximum clock drift accumulated during the remaining time. In a case where the AMP STAs receive the first frame carrying the adjusted advert count, the AMP STAs may wake up at subsequent wake up moments, and eventually, the AMP STAs may keep awake till the first moment, which refers to the start of the AMP SP 2.
[0278] In some implementations, to help prevent the AMP STA from missing a start of the AMP SP (e.g., the AMP SP 2 in FIG. 15B) , an indicted start time (e.g., the second moment) of the AMP SP indicated by the AMP AP may not be an actual start time but rather earlier than the actual start time.
[0279] As shown in FIG. 15B, the AMP AP may not delay the start of the AMP SP 2 from the second moment to the first moment (as shown in FIG. 15A) , but rather indicates the second moment carried in the fourth frame, which may be in the indicated start of the AMP SP that accounts for the maximum clock drift. The AMP AP calculates the indicated start of the AMP SP based on the following formula: tindicated=tactual* (1-CA) , where tindicated denotes the indicated relative start time for the AMP SP to prevent the AMP STAs from missing the start of the AMP SP, tactual is the true start time of the AMP SP, and CA is the combined clock accuracy of the AMP AP and the AMP STA in ppm.
[0280] The AMP STA clock accuracy may need to be transmitted during capability exchange with the AMP AP, or else based on standard specified clock accuracy for AMP STAs. Referring to FIG. 10A or FIG. 10B again, in some embodiments, the indicated relative start time may be included in the SP Start Time field in the AMP SP Setup Frame. In some other embodiments, referring to FIG. 12A or FIG. 12B again, the indicated relative start time may be included in the SP Start Time field in the AMP SP Info Frame. In some other embodiments, referring to FIG. 14 A or FIG. 14B again, the indicated relative start time may be included in the SP Start Time field in the AMP Beacon Frame.
[0281] In some implementations, to help prevent the AMP STA from missing a start of the AMP SP (e.g., the AMP SP 2 in FIG. 15B) , an indicted SP interval indicated by the AMP AP may also not be an actual SP interval but rather shorter than the actual SP interval.
[0282] In some implementations, the fourth frame indicates a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, and the time interval between the SP of the first SP set and the subsequent SP of the first SP set is determined based on the first clock accuracy.
[0283] Similarly, the AMP AP may also determine an indicated SP interval and transmit the indicated SP interval to the AMP STA via the fourth frame, which accounts for the maximum clock drift. The AMP AP may calculate the indicated SP interval based on the following formula: where is the indicated SP interval for the AMP SP to prevent AMP STAs from missing the start of the AMP SP, tinterval is the true interval between the SPs of the first SP set, and CA is the combined clock accuracy of the AMP AP and the AMP STA in ppm.
[0284] Referring to FIG. 10 A or FIG. 10B again, in some embodiments, the indicated SP interval may be included in the SP interval field in the AMP SP Setup Frame. In some other embodiments, referring to FIG. 12A or FIG. 12B again, the indicated SP interval may be included in the SP interval field in the AMP SP Info Frame. In some other embodiments, referring to FIG. 14 A or FIG. 14B again, the indicated SP interval may be included in the SP interval field in the AMP Beacon Frame.
[0285] In some implementations, the AMP AP may determine at least one of: a moment to start transmitting the one or more first frames or a moment to end transmitting the one or more first frames based on the duration and the first clock accuracy.
[0286] For example, to cover twice the maximum clock drift, the AMP AP may also transmit a first frame of the one or more first frames at the indicated start time minus the maximum clock drift, given by tindicated* (1-CA) , where tindicated denotes the indicated relative start time for the AMP SP to prevent the AMP STAs from missing the start of the AMP SP, and CA is the combined clock accuracy of the AMP AP and the AMP STA in ppm. Similarly, the AMP AP may also determine the moment to end transmitting the one or more first frames.
[0287] For clarity, the term total count of first frames in the SP of the first SP set will be used to refer to the number of one or more first frames between a moment when a preceding SP of the first SP set ends and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0288] The total count of first frames in the SP of the first SP set may be calculated based on the following formula: where nADV denotes the total count of first frames in the SP of the first SP set, nADV is an integer, CA denotes the combined clock accuracy, tinterval denotes the duration of the interval of the SP of the first SP set in seconds, and tmin_wake_duration denotes the minimum wake duration in seconds.
[0289] It is understood that the value of nADV may be a different value bigger than the result of For example, the CA may be 1100pm, the tinterval may be 3600 seconds, the tmin_wake_duration may be 0.36 seconds, and the result of the formula is 22. In this example, the value of nADV may be 22, 44, or 50, etc.
[0290] The duration of an advert interval of the SP of the first SP set may be calculated based on the following formula: where tADV denotes the duration of the advert interval of the SP of the first SP set. For example, the CA may be 1100pm, the tinterval may be 3600 seconds, the nADV may be 22. The tADV is calculated as 0.36 seconds. In another example, the CA may be 1100 ppm, the tinterval may be 3600 seconds, the nADV may be 44, and the tADV is calculated as 0.18 seconds.
[0291] It is understood that there may be other ways to determine the durations of advert intervals, where the duration of each of the advert intervals is equal, and this is not limited to the present disclosure.
[0292] As described above, the AMP AP may also need to adjust the SP Advert count as a function of the remaining time to the start of the SP, till the remaining time is less than the minimum wake duration. This means the AMP STA will approach the AMP SP start time but never exceed it. The adjusted advert count that indicates the remaining number of first frames till the start of the SP is given by the following formula: where tremaining is the remaining time to the start of the SP from the start of the specific SP Advert frame or first frame carrying the adjusted advert count, and tADV is the SP Advert interval or the interval of the first frames.
[0293] Referring to FIG. 10 A or FIG. 10B again, in some embodiments, the adjusted advert count may be included in the SP Advert Count field in the AMP SP Setup Frame. In some other embodiments, referring to FIG. 12A or FIG. 12B again, the adjusted advert count may be included in the SP Advert Count field in the AMP SP Info Frame. In some other embodiments, referring to FIG. 14A or FIG. 14B again, the adjusted advert count may be included in the SP Advert Count field, and / or the Count to SP field in the Beacon count field in the AMP Beacon Frame.
[0294] Referring to FIG. 15B again, based on the adjusted advert count, the AMP STA may compute the relative time to the start of the SP and reset its counter as tADV*adjusted_countADV, where tADV denotes the duration of the advert interval or the first frames interval of the SP of the first SP set, and adjusted_countADV denotes the AP adjusted count of first frames in the SP of the first SP set.
[0295] Referring to FIG. 10A, FIG. 10B, FIG. 12A, FIG. 12B, FIG. 14A or FIG. 14B again, the SP start time may be indicated as a partial TSF of the AMP AP’s TSF. The indicated absolute start time may be expressed as a shift of the partial TSF bits to account for twice the clock drift, where a most significant bit (MSB ) of the partial TSF is given by the following formula: where is the MSB of the partial TSF that indicates the start time of the SP, tremaining is the remaining time to the start of the SP, CA is the combined maximum clock accuracy, and tmin_wake_duration is the minimum wake duration of the AMP STA.
[0296] The MSB may determine a large time scale. The higher the bit (e.g. Bit63) , the larger the time range may be affected. A lower bit (e.g., a least significant bit (LSB) ) may affect a small time scale. For example, given a fixed number of partial TSF bits carried in the partial TSF field, say 12 bits of partial TSF, TSF [5: 17] , if the calculated based on the remaining time is 19, the AMP AP may instead carry TSF [7: 19] , in the Partial TSF field for a given SP set. This allows a time correction equivalent to the relative time adjustment achieved with The partial TSF adjustment may be carried out as long as the remaining time is greater than or equal to the minimum wake duration of the AMP STA.
[0297] In some implementations, the AMP AP may broadcast the combined clock accuracy that the AMP AP uses to compute the indicated relative start time, the indicated absolute start time, the indicated SP interval, the advert interval and the adjusted advert count to prevent the AMP STA from missing the start of the AMP SP. The AMP STA knowing its own clock accuracy may minus its own clock accuracy from the broadcasted combined clock accuracy to adjust the wake up time before the start of the SP. The AMP STA with a better clock accuracy than the broadcasted combined clock accuracy, may conserve power by waking up at a more accurate time knowing its own clock accuracy. Referring to FIG. 10B, FIG. 12B, or FIG. 14B, the combined clock accuracy may be indicated in the clock accuracy field.
[0298] The foregoing embodiments describe the first moment and second moment. Now the process of STA determining the first moment is described with some embodiments.
[0299] Referring to FIG. 12A, FIG. 12B, FIG. 10A or FIG. 10B, the SP start Time field carrying second moment may include either a Partial TSF field or a Timing Unit field and a Timing Multiple. The Partial TSF field indicates an absolute time of the second moment, and the Timing Unit field and a Timing Multiple indicate a relative interval between a moment a fourth frame is transmitted and the second moment. It is noted that the absolute field of the first frame and the fourth frame is the same. That is, in some embodiments, the fourth frame includes the absolute time of the second moment, and the first frame includes the absolute time of the moment the first frame is transmitted. In some other embodiments, the fourth frame includes the relative interval between the moment the fourth frame is transmitted and the second moment, and the first frame indicates a relative interval between the moment the first frame is transmitted and the first moment.
[0300] The corresponding examples are given respectively in the following.
[0301] For example, the AMP AP may determine an absolute time of the second moment 9: 45: 45.00, an absolute time of the first moment 9: 45: 50.00, and an absolute time of the moment the first frame is transmitted 9: 45: 48.00. The AMP STA’s internal clock is 3 seconds later than the AMP AP’s internal clock. The AMP STA receives the fourth frame and may wake up at the moment of its internal clock 9: 45: 45.00, while the absolute of AP’s internal clock is 9: 45: 48.00. Then, the AMP STA may receive the first frame indicating the moment the first frame is transmitted 9: 45: 48.00. Then the AMP STA may update its internal clock to from 9: 45: 45.00 to 9: 45: 48.00, and determine a first moment at 9: 45: 50.00, and then join the SP at the first moment.
[0302] In another example, the fourth frame may include a relative time of 3600 seconds. The STA receives the fourth frame and starts a counter for 3600 seconds. The counter can still drift as it is based on its internal oscillator, so the AMP STA may have a clock drift smaller or equal to 3.6 seconds. Then, the AMP STA may wake up 2 seconds later than the second moment and receive a first frame indicating a relative time interval of 1.6 seconds. Then, the AMP STA may determine a first moment, which is 1.6 seconds later, and then join the SP at the first moment.
[0303] In the foregoing embodiments, the AMP AP transmits a fourth frame, where the fourth frame configures the first SP set, a start moment of the first SP set carried in the fourth frame is the second moment, and the first moment is later than the second moment. Because the first moment is later than the second moment, therefore for AMP STAs that have internal clocks slower than the AMP AP’s internal clock and miss the second moment, may wake up before the first moment and still join the SP of the first SP set. Therefore, the success rate of STA joining SP may be improved.
[0304] Referring to FIG. 4, in some embodiments, communication between an AMP AP and an AMP STA for an AMP STA that wakes up at the start of the SP may include steps S450 and S460.
[0305] In step S450, the AMP AP transmits an AMP trigger frame that triggers a response from the AMP STA Correspondingly, the AMP STA receives the AMP trigger frame.
[0306] In step S460, the AMP STA transmits an AMP response frame for responding to the AMP trigger frame. Correspondingly, the AMP AP receives the AMP response frame.
[0307] FIG. 16 illustrates a schematic diagram of communication between an AMP AP and an AMP STA in an SP. In some embodiments, the AMP trigger frame may be an AMP Poll frame. The AMP Poll frame is used to trigger random access transmission from the AMP STA. After receiving the AMP Poll frame, the AMP STA may transmit an AMP Random Access Response frame to respond to the AMP Poll frame.
[0308] As shown in FIG. 19, in some embodiments, the AMP trigger frame may be an AMP Request frame. The AMP Request frame is used to trigger scheduled access transmission from the AMP STA. After receiving the AMP Request frame, the AMP STA may transmit an AMP Scheduled Access Response frame to respond to the AMP Poll frame.
[0309] In the foregoing embodiments, an STA receives an AMP trigger frame and transmits an AMP response frame for responding to the AMP trigger frame. By using trigger and response frames, the AMP AP may obtain information about the AMP STA, such as the AMP STA’s clock accuracy. Meanwhile, the AMP STA may also include requests in the response frame, such as a request for a first frame or a beacon frame. Therefore, the communication performance of the SP of the first SP set, as well as one or more subsequent SPs of the first SP set may be improved.
[0310] FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing a frame structure of a Response Type field. The Response Type field may include: an EPC field, TID field, Available Energy field, Payload Size field, Payload Data field, Energy Storage Capacity field, a Clock Accuracy field, Adhoc Request field, and Reserved field. The length of the Response Type field is 12 bits. The EPC field is used to indicate a request for product electronic code, and it is 1 bit in length. The TID field is used to indicate a request for transmitter identification information, which is 1 bit in length. The Available Energy field is used to indicate a request for available energy information, which is 1 bit in length. The Payload Size field is used to indicate a request for the size of the payload, and its length is 1 bit. The Payload Data field is used to indicate a request for payload data, and its length is 1 bit. The Energy Storage Capacity field is used to indicate a request for the energy storage capacity, and its length is 1 bit. The Clock Accuracy field is used to indicate a request for an AMP STA’s clock accuracy, and the length of the clock accuracy field is 1 bit. The Adhoc Request field is used to indicate a request for adhoc response information including dynamic information corresponding with the AMP AP and the AMP STA, channel information, or mobility information of the AMP STA, and its length is 1 bit. The length of the Reserved field is 5 bits.
[0311] Upon receiving an AMP trigger frame, the AMP STA may transmit an AMP response frame. The AMP response frame may be an AMP Random Access Response frame, an AMP Scheduled Access Response frame or an AMP Adhoc Response frame.
[0312] In some embodiments, the AMP response frame Body includes an AMP SP info field, an AMP beacon field, an SP initiate field, an SP terminate field, a channel sensing (CS) synchronization information field or an AMP SP Advert field.
[0313] In some embodiments, the AMP SP info field indicates a request for a transmission of an AMP SP information frame no earlier than the end of the corresponding SP, where the AMP SP information frame is used for carrying information regarding a subsequent SP in the first SP set. The AMP beacon field indicates a request for a transmission of an AMP beacon frame no earlier than the end of the corresponding SP, where the AMP beacon frame is used for broadcasting information about all existing SP sets. The SP initiate field indicates a request for initiating a new SP. The SP terminate field indicates a termination of the current SP set. The channel sensing synchronization information field requests an AMP AP to adjust a transmission time of future trigger frames to synchronize with the awake state of the AMP STA. The AMP SP Advert field indicates a request for transmitting a first frame.
[0314] FIG. 18 illustrates a frame structure of a Random Access Response frame of an AMP Response Frame Body provided in embodiments of the present disclosure. The Frame Body field may be Variant-2, and includes the Sub-Type field, the Sub-Type Long Control field, and the Type Dependent Payload field. The Sub-Type field is 0, which is used for responding to an AMP Poll trigger frame, and its length is 2 bits. The Sub-Type Long Control field is used to indicate the long sub-type control of the frame, and its length is 14 bits. The Type Dependent Payload field is used to indicate type-related payload information, and its length is variable.
[0315] Referring to FIG. 18, the Sub-Type Long Control field may include an EPC present field, a TID Present field, an Available Energy Present field, a Payload Size Present field, an Energy Storage Capacity Present field, a Requests Present field, a PMM field, a Channel Sensing Info field, a Clock Accuracy Present field and a Reserved field.
[0316] The EPC present field is used to indicate a presence of the EPC, the TID Present field is used to indicate a presence of the TID, the Available Energy Present field is used to indicate a presence of the available energy, the Payload Size present field is used to indicate a presence of the payload size present field, the Energy Storage Capacity present field is used to indicate a presence of the energy storage capacity, the Requests present field is used to indicate a presence of the requests, the PMM field is used to indicate a presence of the PMM , a Channel Sensing Info field is used to indicate a presence of the channel sensing Info, the clock accuracy present field is used to indicate a presence of the clock accuracy. The length of the EPC Present field, the TID Present field, the Available Energy Present field, the Payload Size Present field, the Energy Storage Capacity Present field, the Requests Present field, the PMM field, the Chanel Sensing Info field, and the Clock Accuracy Present field is 1 bit. The Requests field may further include a reserved field used for space reserved for future use or expansion with a length of 5 bits.
[0317] The type dependent payload field may include (electronic product code) EPC field, TID field, an available energy field, a payload size field, an energy storage capacity field, a requests field, a Chanel Sensing information field, a Clock Accuracy field and a Padding field.
[0318] The EPC field is used for uniquely identifying a product for easy tracking and management of information, and its length is variable. The EPC field may further include an identification (ID) field indicating an ID of the product with a variable length and an ID length field indicating a length of the ID of the product with a length of 8 bits.
[0319] The TID field is used for uniquely identifying an (radio frequency identification) RFID tag, and the TID field may contain tag's manufacturer's information and serial number to distinguish different tags, and a length of the TID field is variable. The TID field may further include an ID field indicating an ID of the RFID tag with a variable length and an ID length field indicating a length of the ID of the RFID tag with a length of 8 bits.
[0320] The available energy field is used for indicating current level of energy available of the AMP STA, and its length is 0 or 4 bits.
[0321] The payload size field is used for indicating a size of a payload, thus the AMP AP may determine where the payload starts and ends based on this field so that data may be parsed correctly, and a length of the payload size field is 0 or 4 bits.
[0322] The energy storage capacity field is used for indicating an energy storage capacity of the AMP STA, and its length is 0 or 12 bits.
[0323] The requests field is used for requesting information from the AMP AP, and its length is 0 or 8 bits. The requests field may include an AMP SP information field with a length of 1 bit, an AMP beacon field with a length of 1 bit, an SP initiate field with a length of 1 bit, an SP terminate field with a length of 1 bit, a CS synchronization field with a length of 1 bit, and an AMP SP Advert field with a length of 1 bit. Functions of these fields are described earlier and will not be repeated here. The requests field may further include a reserved field used for space reserved for future use or expansion with a length of 2 bits.
[0324] The length of the channel sensing information field is 0, or 8, or 16 bits. The CS information field may further include a CS duration field, indicating duration time that the AMP STA maintains an effective CS during a full charge cycle with a length of 0 or 16 bits, and a CS count field, indicating a number of CS units performed by the AMP STA during a full charge cycle with a length of 0 or 8 bits. Further, the CS duration field may include a timing unit field encoded to represent microsecond, millisecond, second, etc., with a length of 2 bits, a timing multiple field indicating a multiple of the timing unit with a length of 10 bits, and a reserved field used for space reserved for future use or expansion with a length of 4 bits.
[0325] The clock accuracy field is used for indicate the clock accuracy of the AMP STA, and its length is 0 or 16 bits.
[0326] The padding field is used for ensuring that a length of the response frame meets specific standards to maintain consistency and integrity in data transmission, and its length is 0 or 4 bits.
[0327] FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of an AMP Scheduled Access Response frame of an AMP Response Frame Body provided in embodiments of the present disclosure. In the AMP Response frame, the Frame Body field may be Variant-2, and includes the Sub-Type field, the Sub-Type Long Control field, and the Type Dependent Payload field. The Sub-Type field is 1, which is used for responding to an AMP Request trigger frame, and its length is 2 bits. The Sub-Type Long Control field is used to indicate the long sub-type control of the frame, and its length is 14 bits. The Type Dependent Payload field is used to indicate type-related payload information, and its length is variable.
[0328] Referring to FIG. 20, the Sub-Type Long Control field may include an Available Energy Present field, a Payload Size Present field, an Energy Storage Capacity Present field, a Requests Present field, a PMM field, a Channel Sensing Info Present field, a Clock Accuracy Field and a Reserved field. The Available Energy Present field is used to indicate whether the Available Energy field is present, and its length is 1 bit. The Payload Size Present field is used to indicate whether the Payload Size field is present, and its length is 1 bit. The Energy Storage Capacity Present field is used to indicate whether the Energy Storage Capacity field is present, and its length is 1 bit. The Requests Present field is used to indicate whether the Requests field is present, and its length is 1 bit. The PMM field is used to indicate a presence of the PMM, and its length is 1 bit. The Channel Sensing Info field is used to indicate a presence of the Channel Sensing Info, and its length is 1 bit. The clock accuracy present field is used to indicate a presence of the clock accuracy, and its length is 1 bit. The length of the Reserved field is 7 bits.
[0329] The Type Dependent Payload field may include: an Available Energy field, Payload Size field, Energy Storage Capacity field, Requests field, a Chanel Sensing information field, a Clock Accuracy field and a Padding field. The Available Energy field is used to indicate available energy information, and its length is 0 bit or 4 bits. The Payload Size field is used to indicate the size of the payload, and its length is 0 bit or 4 bits. The Energy Storage Capacity field is used to indicate the energy storage capacity, and its length is 0 bit or 12bits. The Channel Sensing information field is used to indicate CS information, and its length is 0 bit or 8 bits or 16 bits. The Clock Accuracy field is used to indicate the clock accuracy of the AMP STA, and its length is 0 bit or 16 bits. The Padding field is used to indicate filling information, and its length is 0 bit or 4 bits. The Requests field is used for requesting information from the AMP AP, and its length is 0 bit or 8 bits.
[0330] The Requests field may include an AMP SP Info field, AMP Beacon field, SP Initiate field, SP Terminate field, Channel Sensing Sync field, AMP SP Advert field and Reserved field. The AMP SP Info field is used to indicate to transmit an AMP SP information frame no earlier than the end of the corresponding SP in which the AMP response frame was sent, contained in the first SP set, and the length of the AMP SP Info field is 1 bit. The AMP Beacon field is used to indicate to transmit an AMP beacon frame no earlier than the end of the corresponding SP in which the AMP response frame was sent, and the length of the AMP Beacon field is 1 bit. The SP Initiate field is used to indicate the initiation of a new SP, and its length is 1 bit. The SP Terminate field is used to indicate the termination of the first SP set, and its length is 1 bit. The Channel Sensing Sync field is used to indicate a request to the AMP AP to adjust a transmission time of future trigger frames to synchronize with the awake state of the AMP STA, and its length is 1bit. The AMP SP Advert field indicates a request for transmitting a first frame, and its length is 1bit. The Reserved field is 3 bits in length.
[0331] The Channel Sensing information field may further include a Channel Sensing Duration field, indicating duration time that the AMP STA maintains an effective channel sensing during a full charge cycle with a length of 0 or 16 bits, and a CS count field, indicating a number of channel sensing units performed by the AMP STA during a full charge cycle with a length of 0 or 8 bits. Further, the Channel Sensing duration field may include a timing unit field encoded to represent microsecond, millisecond, second, etc., with a length of 2 bits, a timing multiple field indicating a multiple of the timing unit with a length of 10 bits, and a reserved field used for space reserved for future use or expansion with a length of 4 bits.
[0332] The clock accuracy field is used to indicate the clock accuracy of the AMP STA, and its length is 0 or 16 bits.
[0333] According to the foregoing embodiments, the AMP response frame may include at least one of: an AMP SP info field, an AMP beacon field, an SP initiate field, an SP terminate field, a channel sensing synchronization information field, an AMP SP Advert field or a clock accuracy field. These fields provide information related to configuring the SP, thereby may improve the communication performance during the SP. Additionally, the clock accuracy field allows the AP to obtain the STA's clock accuracy, thus enabling the AP to determine a more appropriate first frame transmission scheme and may improve the success rate of STA joining the SP.
[0334] FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of an AMP Adhoc Response Frame Body field provided in embodiments of the present disclosure. In the AMP Adhoc Response Frame, the Frame Body field may be Variant-2, and includes the Sub-Type field, the Sub-Type Long Control field, and the Type Dependent Payload field. The Sub-Type field is 2, which is used to respond to an Adhoc Request from the AMP AP, and its length is 2 bits. The Sub-Type Long Control field is used to indicate the long sub-type control of the frame, and its length is 6 bits. The Type Dependent Payload field is used to indicate type-related payload information, and its length is variable.
[0335] Referring to FIG. 21, the Sub-Type Long Control field may include an AMP SP Info field, AMP Beacon field, SP Initiate field, SP Terminate field, SP Parameters Present field, SP Timing Info Present field, Channel Sensing Sync field, Channel Sensing Info Present field, AMP SP Advert field and Reserved field. The AMP SP Info field is used to indicate to transmit an AMP SP information frame no earlier than the end of the corresponding SP in which the AMP response frame was sent, contained in the first SP set, and the length of the AMP SP Info field is 1 bit. The AMP Beacon field is used to indicate to transmit an AMP beacon frame no earlier than the end of the corresponding SP in which the AMP response frame was sent, and the length of the AMP Beacon field is 1 bit. The SP Initiate field is used to indicate the initiation of a new SP, and its length is 1 bit. The SP Terminate field is used to indicate the termination of the first SP set, and its length is 1 bit. The SP Parameters Present field is used to indicate whether the SP Parameters field is present, and its length is 1 bit. The SP Timing Info Present field is used to indicate whether the SP Timing Info field is present, and its length is 1 bit. The Type Dependent Payload field may include an SP Parameters field and an SP Timing Info field. The SP Parameters field and the SP Timing Info field are each 0 bit or 16 bits in length. The Channel Sensing Sync field is used to indicate a request to the AMP AP to adjust a transmission time of future trigger frames to synchronize with the awake state of the AMP STA, and its length is 1bit. The Channel Sensing Info Present field is used to indicate a presence of the Channel Sensing Info field, and its length is 1bit. The AMP SP Advert field indicates a request for transmitting a first frame, and its length is 1bit. The reserved field is used for space reserved for future use or expansion with a length of 5 bits.
[0336] The SP Parameters field is used to indicate SP parameter information. For example, the SP Parameters field includes an SP Set ID field, SP Interval field, and SP Minimum Wake Duration field. The SP Set ID field is used to indicate the ID of the first SP set, and its length is 4 bits. The SP Interval field is used to indicate the time interval between the first SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, and its length is 8 bits. The SP Minimum Wake Duration field is used to indicate the minimum duration of the awake state of the AMP STA after the start of the first SP set, and its length is 4 bits. The SP Interval field includes a Timing Unit field and a Timing Interval field. The Timing Unit field is used to indicate a unit of the interval between the first SP of the first SP set and the subsequent SP of the first SP set, and its length is 2 bits. The Timing Interval field is used to indicate the time interval between the first SP of the first SP set and the subsequent SP of the first SP set, and its length is 6 bits.
[0337] The SP Timing Info field is used to indicate SP time information. For example, the SP Timing Info field includes an SP Start Time field and a Reserved field. The length of the Reserved field is 3 bits. The SP Start Time field is used to indicate the start time of the SP, and its length is 13 bits. The SP Start Time field may include an Absolute field and a Partial TSF field. The Absolute field is used to indicate the absolute start time of the SP, and its length is 1 bit. The Partial TSF field is used to indicate that the Absolute field is set to 1, and its length is 12 bits. Alternatively, the SP Start Time field may include an Absolute field, Timing Unit field, and Timing Multiple field. The Absolute field is used to indicate the absolute start time of the SP, and its length is 1 bit. The Timing Unit field and the Timing Multiple field are used to indicate that the Absolute field is set to 0. The length of the Timing Unit field is 2 bits, and the length of the Timing Multiple field is 10 bits.
[0338] In the present disclosure, the AMP request frame includes a field indicating that the first STA does not transmit an adhoc response frame (for example, the value of the Adhoc Request field is 0) , it corresponds to the Scheduled Access Response frame. In the case where the AMP request frame includes a field for requesting the first STA to transmit an adhoc response frame (for example, the Adhoc Request field takes a value of 1) , it corresponds to an AMP Adhoc Response frame. The Response Type field in the AMP request frame may carry one Adhoc Request field that allows the AMP STA triggered by the AMP AP to request some predetermined parameters from the AMP AP (e.g. dynamic information corresponding with the AMP AP and STA, channel information, or mobility information of the AMP STA) .
[0339] According to the foregoing embodiments, the AMP response frame may include an AMP SP Advert field and an AMP beacon field. By setting the AMP SP Advert field bit to 1, the AMP STA may request for an AMP SP Advert frame. By setting the AMP beacon field bit to 1, the AMP STA may request for an AMP Beacon frame. Therefore, AMP STAs may proactively request the time synchronization information through the AMP response frame, and thereby the success rate of STA joining the SP of the first SP set may be improved.
[0340] The communication methods provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 21. Next, the communication apparatuses in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 22 to 24.
[0341] FIGS. 22 to 24 are schematic structural diagrams of communication apparatuses provided in embodiments of the present disclosure. These communication apparatuses can be used to realize the functions of the AMP AP or STA in the above method embodiments, and therefore can also achieve the beneficial effects of the above method embodiments. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the communication apparatus may be an AMP AP or an AMP IoT STA as shown in FIG. 1.
[0342] As shown in FIG. 22, the apparatus 2200 may include a receiving unit 2210, a processing unit 2220 and a transmitting unit 2230. The apparatus 2200 is configured to implement the functions of the AMP AP or STA in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 4.
[0343] When the apparatus 2300 is used to implement the functions of the AMP STA in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 4, the receiving unit 2210 is configured to receive one or more first frames indicating a duration from a moment when the first frame is transmitted to a moment for starting a service period (SP) of a first SP set; and the processing unit 2220 is configured to determine, based on the duration, a first moment indicating a moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0344] In some embodiments, the first frame includes at least one of an SP parameters field or an SP timing synchronization field, the SP parameters field is used to indicate SP parameter information; and the SP timing synchronization field is used to indicate timing information to synchronize an AMP station (STA) to the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0345] In some embodiments, the SP parameters field includes at least one of: a field indicating an identity of the first SP set, a field indicating a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, or a field indicating a minimum duration for which an AMP STA is awake after the SP of the first SP set starts; and the SP timing synchronization field includes at least one of: a field indicating a time interval between the first frame and a subsequent first frame or a field indicating a number of one or more first frames between the moment when the first frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0346] In some embodiments, the time interval between the first frame and a subsequent first frame is an absolute time or a relative time interval.
[0347] In some embodiments, the first frame further includes at least one of: a field indicating a presence of the SP parameters; or a field indicating a presence of the SP timing synchronization.
[0348] In some embodiments, the first frame further includes: a field indicating whether one or more time intervals between every two adjacent first frames in one or more first frames are equal.
[0349] In some embodiments, a second frame and a third frame are included in the one or more first frames, the third frame is a subsequent frame of the second frame, a time interval between the second frame and the third frame is determined based on a clock accuracy of the AMP AP, a clock accuracy of the AMP STA, a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, and a number of one or more first frames between a moment when a preceding SP of the SP of the first SP set ends and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set, and a minimum duration for which the AMP STA is awake after the SP of the first SP set starts.
[0350] In some embodiments, a second frame and a third frame are included in the one or more first frames, the third frame is a subsequent frame of the second frame, a time interval between the second frame and the third frame is determined based on a clock accuracy of an AMP AP, a clock accuracy of an AMP STA participating in the first SP set, a time interval between the SP and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, and a number of one or more first frames between a moment when a preceding SP of the SP ends and the moment for starting the SP, and a minimum duration for which the AMP STA is awake after the SP of the first SP set starts.
[0351] In some embodiments, a second frame and a third frame are included in the one or more first frames, the third frame is a subsequent frame of the second frame, a time interval between the second frame and the third frame is determined based on a start time of the SP of the first SP, a clock accuracy of the AMP AP, a clock accuracy of the AMP STA, a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, a number of one or more first frames between the moment when the first frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0352] In some embodiments, a second frame and a third frame are included in the one or more first frames, the third frame is a subsequent frame of the second frame, a time interval between the second frame and the third frame is determined based on a start time of the SP of the first SP set, a clock accuracy of the AMP AP, a clock accuracy of an AMP STA participating in the first SP set, a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, a number of one or more first frames between the moment when the first frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0353] In some embodiments, the first frame is an ambient power (AMP) SP advert frame, and the AMP SP advert frame advertises SP-related time information.
[0354] In some embodiments, the first frame is an AMP SP setup frame, and the AMP SP setup frame configures the first SP set.
[0355] In some embodiments, the first frame is an AMP SP information frame, and the AMP SP information frame carries SP information.
[0356] In some embodiments, the first frame is an AMP beacon frame, and the AMP beacon frame is used to perform at least one of: configure a plurality of SP sets including the first SP set; or carry information for the plurality of SP sets.
[0357] In some embodiments, the AMP beacon frame includes at least one of: an SP timing synchronization set field and a beacon count field.
[0358] In some embodiments, the SP timing synchronization set field includes one or more SP timing synchronization fields for the one or more SP sets, where each SP timing synchronization field indicates a time interval between an AMP SP advert frame and a subsequent AMP SP advert frame in a corresponding SP and a number of one or more AMP SP advert frames between a moment when the AMP SP advert frame is transmitted and a moment for starting the corresponding SP; and the beacon count field includes a field indicating a number of one or more AMP beacon frames between a moment when the AMP beacon frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0359] In some embodiments, the AMP beacon frame further includes at least one of: a field indicating a presence of the SP timing synchronization set; or a field indicating a presence of the beacon count.
[0360] In some embodiments, the first frame includes at least one of: a field indicating a first clock accuracy or a clock accuracy of an AMP AP, where the first clock accuracy is determined based on the clock accuracy of the AMP AP and a clock accuracy of an AMP STA participating in the first SP set; or a field indicating a presence of the first clock accuracy or a presence of the clock accuracy of the AMP AP.
[0361] In some embodiments, the AMP STA participating in the first SP set is an AMP STA with a greatest clock accuracy participating in the first SP set.
[0362] In some embodiments, the duration is determined based on the first clock accuracy.
[0363] In some embodiments, the receiving unit 2210 is configured to receive a fourth frame configures the first SP set, a start moment of the first SP set carried in the fourth frame is a second moment, and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set is later than the second moment.
[0364] In some embodiments, the fourth frame indicates a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, and the time interval between the SP of the first SP set and the subsequent SP of the first SP set is determined based on the first clock accuracy.
[0365] In some embodiments, the AMP STA is at an awake state at the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set, and the receiving unit 2210 is configured to receive an AMP trigger frame that triggers a response from the AMP STA; and the transmitting unit 2230 is configured to transmit an AMP response frame for responding to the trigger frame.
[0366] In some embodiments, the AMP response frame includes at least one of: an AMP SP info field, an AMP beacon field, an SP initiate field, an SP terminate field, a channel sensing synchronization information field or an AMP SP Advert field. In some embodiments, the AMP SP info field indicates a request for a transmission of an AMP SP information frame no earlier than the end of the corresponding SP, where the AMP SP information frame is used for carrying information regarding a subsequent SP in the first SP set; the AMP beacon field indicates a request for a transmission of an AMP beacon frame no earlier than the end of the corresponding SP, where the AMP beacon frame is used for broadcasting information about all existing SP sets; the SP initiate field indicates a request for initiating a new SP; the SP terminate field indicates a termination of the current SP set; the channel sensing synchronization information field requests the AMP AP to adjust a transmission time of future trigger frames to synchronize with the awake state of the AMP STA; and the AMP SP Advert field indicates a request for transmitting a first frame.
[0367] In some embodiments, a request field in the AMP response frame includes at least one of: the AMP SP info field, the AMP beacon field, the SP initiate field, the SP terminate field, the channel sensing synchronization field, or the AMP SP Advert field.
[0368] In some embodiments, the AMP response frame further includes: a field indicating a presence of the request field.
[0369] In some embodiments, the AMP response frame further includes: a clock accuracy field indicating a clock accuracy of the AMP STA.
[0370] In some embodiments, the AMP response frame further includes: a field indicating a presence of the clock accuracy.
[0371] In some embodiments, a control field of the AMP response frame includes at least one of: the AMP SP info field, the AMP beacon field, the SP initiate field, the SP terminate field, the channel sensing synchronization information field, the AMP SP Advert field, an SP parameters present field, an SP timing info present field, or a channel sensing information present field.
[0372] In some embodiments, the SP timing information present field indicating a presence of an SP timing information field, and the channel sensing information present field indicating a presence of a channel sensing information field, the SP timing information field indicates the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set, and the channel sensing information includes at least one of a field indicating a total duration of the AMP STA for the CS and a field indicating a count of CS cycles of the AMP STA.
[0373] When the apparatus 2200 is used to implement the functions of the AMP AP in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 4, the processing unit 2220 is configured to determine one or more first frames, where each of the one or more first frames indicates a duration from a moment when the each of the one or more first frame is transmitted to a first moment for starting an SP of a first SP set; and the transmitting unit 2230 is configured to transmit the one or more first frames.
[0374] In some embodiments, the transmitting unit 2230 is configured to transmit a fourth frame, where the fourth frame configures the first SP set, a start moment of the first SP set carried in the fourth frame is the second moment, and the first moment is later than the second moment.
[0375] In some embodiments, the fourth frame indicates a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, and the time interval between the SP of the first SP set and the subsequent SP of the first SP set is determined based on the first clock accuracy.
[0376] In some embodiments, the first frame includes at least one of: an SP parameters field and an SP timing synchronization field, the SP parameters field is used to indicate SP parameter information; and the SP timing synchronization field is used to indicate timing information to synchronize an AMP station (STA) to the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0377] In some embodiments, the SP parameters field includes at least one of: a field indicating an identity of the first SP set, a field indicating a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, or a field indicating a minimum duration for which an AMP STA is awake after the SP of the first SP set starts; and the SP timing synchronization field includes at least one of: a field indicating a time interval between the first frame and a subsequent first frame, a field indicating a number of one or more first frames between the moment when the first frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0378] In some embodiments, the time interval between the first frame and a subsequent first frame is an absolute time or a relative time interval.
[0379] In some embodiments, the first frame further includes at least one of: a field indicating a presence of the SP parameters; or a field indicating a presence of the SP timing synchronization.
[0380] In some embodiments, the first frame further includes: a field indicating whether one or more time intervals between every two adjacent first frames in one or more first frames are equal.
[0381] In some embodiments, a second frame and a third frame are included in the one or more first frames, the third frame is a subsequent frame of the second frame, a time interval between the second frame and the third frame is determined based on a clock accuracy of the AMP AP, a clock accuracy of the AMP STA, a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, and a number of one or more first frames between a moment when the third frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0382] In some embodiments, a second frame and a third frame are included in the one or more first frames, the third frame is a subsequent frame of the second frame, a time interval between the second frame and the third frame is determined based on a clock accuracy of the AMP AP, a clock accuracy of an AMP STA participating in the first SP set, a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, and a number of one or more first frames between a moment when the third frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0383] In some embodiments, a second frame and a third frame are included in the one or more first frames, the third frame is a subsequent frame of the second frame, a time interval between the second frame and the third frame is determined based on a start time of the SP of the first SP, a clock accuracy of the AMP AP, a clock accuracy of the AMP STA, a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, a number of one or more first frames between the moment when the first frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0384] In some embodiments, a second frame and a third frame are included in the one or more first frames, the third frame is a subsequent frame of the second frame, a time interval between the second frame and the third frame is determined based on a start time of the SP of the first SP, a clock accuracy of the AMP AP, a clock accuracy of an AMP STA participating in the first SP set, a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, a number of one or more first frames between the moment when the first frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0385] In some embodiments, the first frame is an ambient power (AMP) SP advert frame, and the AMP advert frame advertises SP-related time information.
[0386] In some embodiments, the first frame is an AMP SP setup frame, and the AMP SP setup frame configures the first SP set.
[0387] In some embodiments, the first frame is an AMP SP information frame, and the AMP SP info frame carries SP information.
[0388] In some embodiments, the first frame is an AMP beacon frame, and the AMP beacon frame is used to perform at least one of: configure a plurality of SP sets including the first SP set; or carry information for the plurality of SP sets.
[0389] In some embodiments, the AMP beacon frame includes at least one of: an SP timing synchronization set field and a beacon count field.
[0390] In some embodiments, the first frame includes at least one of: a field indicating a first clock accuracy or a clock accuracy of an AMP AP, where the first clock accuracy is determined based on the clock accuracy of the AMP AP and a clock accuracy of an AMP STA participating in the first SP set; or a field indicating a presence of the first clock accuracy or a presence of the clock accuracy of the AMP AP.
[0391] In some embodiments, the AMP STA participating in the first SP set is an AMP STA with a greatest clock accuracy participating in the first SP set.
[0392] In some embodiments, the duration is determined based on the first clock accuracy.
[0393] In some embodiments, at least one of: a moment to start transmitting the one or more first frames or a moment to end transmitting the one or more first frames is determined based on the duration and the first clock accuracy.
[0394] In some embodiments, the SP timing synchronization set field includes one or more SP timing synchronization fields for the one or more SP sets, where each SP timing synchronization field indicates a time interval between an AMP advert frame and a subsequent AMP advert frame in a corresponding SP and a number of one or more AMP advert frames between a moment when the AMP advert frame is transmitted and a moment for starting the corresponding SP; and the beacon count field includes a field indicating a number of one or more AMP beacon frames between a moment when the AMP beacon frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.
[0395] In some embodiments, the AMP beacon frame further includes at least one of: a field indicating a presence of the SP timing synchronization set; or a field indicating a presence of the beacon count.
[0396] In some embodiments, the transmitting unit 2230 is configured to transmit an AMP trigger frame that triggers a response from the AMP STA; and the receiving unit 2210 is configured to receive an AMP response frame for responding to the trigger frame.
[0397] In some embodiments, the AMP response frame includes at least one of: an AMP SP info field, an AMP beacon field, an SP initiate field, an SP terminate field, a channel sensing synchronization information field or an AMP SP Advert field.
[0398] In some embodiments, the AMP SP info field indicates a request for a transmission of an AMP SP information frame no earlier than the end of the corresponding SP, where the AMP SP information frame is used for carrying information regarding a subsequent SP in the first SP set; the AMP beacon field indicates a request for a transmission of an AMP beacon frame no earlier than the end of the corresponding SP, where the AMP beacon frame is used for broadcasting information about all existing SP sets; the SP initiate field indicates a request for initiating a new SP; the SP terminate field indicates a termination of the current SP set; the channel sensing synchronization information field requests an AMP AP to adjust a transmission time of future trigger frames to synchronize with the awake state of the AMP STA; and the AMP SP Advert field indicates a request for transmitting a first frame.
[0399] In some embodiments, a request field in the AMP response frame includes at least one of: the AMP SP info field, the AMP beacon field, the SP initiate field, the SP terminate field, the channel sensing synchronization field, or the AMP SP Advert field.
[0400] In some embodiments, the AMP response frame further includes a field indicating a presence of the request field.
[0401] In some embodiments, the AMP response frame further includes a clock accuracy field indicating a clock accuracy of the AMP STA.
[0402] In some embodiments, the AMP response frame further includes a field indicating a presence of the clock accuracy.
[0403] In some embodiments, a control field of the AMP response frame includes at least one of: the AMP SP info field, the AMP beacon field, the SP initiate field, the SP terminate field, the channel sensing synchronization information field, the AMP SP Advert field, an SP parameters present field, an SP timing info present field, or a channel sensing information present field.
[0404] In some embodiments, the SP timing information present field indicating a presence of an SP timing information field, and the channel sensing information present field indicating a presence of a channel sensing information field, the SP timing information field indicates the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set, and the channel sensing information includes at least one of a field indicating a total duration of the AMP STA for the CS and a field indicating a count of CS cycles of the AMP STA.
[0405] As shown in FIG. 23, the apparatus 2300 may include a processing unit 2310 and a transceiver unit 2320. The apparatus 2300 is configured to implement the functions of the AMP AP or STA in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 4.
[0406] As shown in FIG. 24, the communication apparatus 2400 includes a processor 2410 and an interface circuit 2420. The processor 2410 and the interface circuit 2420 are coupled to each other. It will be understood that the interface circuit 2420 may be a transceiver or an input / output interface. In some implementations, the communication apparatus 2100 may further include a memory 2430 for storing instructions executed by the processor 2410 or storing input data required by the processor 2410 for executing the instructions, or storing data generated after the processor 2410 executing the instructions. In some examples, the interface circuit 2420 may be understood as part of the processor 2410, and thus the communication apparatus 2100 includes the processor 2410.
[0407] When the communication apparatus 2100 is used to implement the method shown in FIG. 4, the processor 2410 is used to implement the functions of the processing unit 2220, and the interface circuit 2420 is used to implement the functions of the receiving unit 2210, transmitting unit 2230, or transceiver unit 2320.
[0408] When the communication apparatus is a chip applied to the AMP AP, the chip realizes the functions of the AMP AP in the method embodiments. The chip receives information from the AMP STA. It will be understood that the information is first received by other modules (such as a radio frequency module or antenna) in the AMP AP and then sent to the chip by these modules. The chip sends the information to the AMP STA. It will be understood that the information is first sent to other modules (such as a radio frequency module or antenna) in the AMP AP, and then sent to the AMP STA by these modules.
[0409] When the communication apparatus is a chip applied to the AMP STA, the chip realizes the functions of the AMP STA in the method embodiments. The chip receives information from the AMP AP. It will be understood that the information is first received by other modules (such as a radio frequency module or antenna) in the AMP STA, and then sent to the chip by these modules. The chip sends the information to the AMP AP. It will be understood that the information is first sent to other modules (such as a radio frequency module or antenna) in the AMP STA, and then sent to the AMP AP by these modules.
[0410] When the communication apparatus is a chip applied to the AMP STA, the chip realizes the functions of the AMP STA in the method embodiments. The chip receives information from an STA. It will be understood that the information is first received by other modules (such as a radio frequency module or antenna) in the AMP STA, and then sent to the chip by these modules. The chip sends the information to the AMP STA. It will be understood that the information is first sent to other modules (such as a radio frequency module or antenna) in the AMP STA, and then sent to the AMP STA by these modules.
[0411] The present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium) . The computer-readable storage medium has instructions stored thereon which, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform the communication method corresponding to the AMP AP or STA in any of the above embodiments.
[0412] The present disclosure further provides a computer program product carried on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer program product stores a computer program (namely, codes or instructions) which, when executed, causes an apparatus to perform the communication method corresponding to the AMP AP or STA in any of the above embodiments.
[0413] In the present disclosure, the term “implementation” herein encompasses described examples and their equivalents obvious to those skilled in the art.
[0414] In the present disclosure, where “embodiment (s) ” is referenced, it shall be construed as non-limiting examples within the broader scope of technical implementations.
[0415] In the present disclosure, the terms "a" , "an" and "one" are defined to mean "at least one" , that is, these terms do not exclude a plural number of items, unless stated otherwise.
[0416] In the present disclosure, terms such as "substantially" , "generally" and "about" , which modify a value, condition, or characteristic of a feature of an exemplary embodiment, should be understood to mean that the value, condition, or characteristic is defined within tolerances that are acceptable for the proper operation of this exemplary embodiment for its intended application.
[0417] In the present disclosure, unless stated otherwise, the terms "connected" and "coupled" , and derivatives and variants thereof, refer herein to any structural or functional connection or coupling, either direct or indirect, between two or more elements. For example, the connection or coupling between the elements can be acoustical, mechanical, optical, electrical, thermal, logical, or any combination thereof.
[0418] In the present disclosure, expressions such as "match" , "matching" and "matched" , including variants and derivatives thereof, are intended to refer herein to a condition in which two or more elements are either the same or within some predetermined tolerance of each other. That is, these terms are meant to encompass not only "exactly" or "identically" matching the two elements but also "substantially" , "approximately or" subjectively "matching the two or more elements, as well as providing a higher or best match among a plurality of matching possibilities.
[0419] In the present disclosure, the expression "based on" is intended to mean "based at least partly on" , that is, this expression can mean "based solely on or" based partially on " , and so should not be interpreted in a limited manner. More particularly, the expression "based on" could also be understood as meaning "depending on" , "representative of" , "indicative of" , "associated with" or similar expressions.
[0420] In the present disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" may be used interchangeably in embodiments of this application. "At least one" means one or more, and "aplurality of" means two or more. The term "and / or" describes an association relationship of associated objects, and indicates that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may indicate the following three cases: only A exists, both A and B exist, and only B exists, where A and B may be singular or plural. The character " / " usually indicates an "or" relationship between associated objects. "At least one of the following items (pieces) " or a similar expression thereof indicates any combination of these items, including a single item (piece) or any combination of a plurality of items (pieces) . For example, "at least one of A, B, or C" includes A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A, B, and C, and "at least one of A, B, and C" may also be understood as including A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A, B, and C. In addition, unless otherwise specified, ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" in embodiments of this application are used to distinguish between a plurality of objects, and are not used to limit a sequence A time sequence, priorities, or importance of the plurality of objects.
[0421] A person skilled in the art should understand that embodiments of this application may be provided as a method, an apparatus (or system) , computer-readable storage medium, or a computer program product. Therefore, this application may use a form of a hardware-only embodiment, a software-only embodiment, or an embodiment with a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, this application may use a form of a computer program product that is implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to a disk memory, an optical memory, and the like) that include computer-usable program code.
[0422] This application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the method, the device (system) , and the computer program product according to this application. It should be understood that computer program instructions may be used to implement each process and / or each block in the flowcharts and / or the block diagrams and a combination of a process and / or a block in the flowcharts and / or the block diagrams. The computer program instructions may be provided for a general-purpose computer, a dedicated computer, an embedded processor, or a processor of another programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the computer or the processor of the another programmable data processing device generate an apparatus for implementing an specific function in one or more procedures in the flowcharts and / or in one or more blocks in the block diagrams.
[0423] The computer program instructions may alternatively be stored in a computer-readable memory that can indicate a computer or another programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory generate an artifact that includes an instruction apparatus. The instruction apparatus implements a specific function in one or more procedures in the flowcharts and / or in one or more blocks in the block diagrams.
[0424] The computer program instructions may alternatively be loaded onto a computer or another programmable data processing device, so that a series of operations and steps are performed on the computer or the another programmable device, so that computer-implemented processing is generated. Therefore, the instructions executed on the computer or the another programmable device provide steps for implementing a specific function in one or more procedures in the flowcharts and / or in one or more blocks in the block diagrams.
[0425] It is clearly that a person skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the scope of this application. This application is intended to cover these modifications and variations of this application provided that they fall within the scope of protection defined by the following claims and their equivalent technologies.
Claims
1.A communication method, comprising:receiving one or more first frames indicating a duration from a moment when the first frame is transmitted to a moment for starting a service period (SP) of a first SP set; anddetermining, based on the duration, a first moment indicating the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.2.The method of claim 1, wherein the first frame comprises at least one of:an SP parameters field or an SP timing synchronization field;the SP parameters field is used to indicate SP parameter information; andthe SP timing synchronization field is used to indicate timing information to synchronize an AMP station (STA) to the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.3.The method of claim 2, wherein:the SP parameters field comprises at least one of:a field indicating an identity of the first SP set, a field indicating a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, or a field indicating a minimum duration for which an AMP STA is awake after the SP of the first SP set starts; andthe SP timing synchronization field comprises at least one of:a field indicating a time interval between the first frame and a subsequent first frame, or a field indicating a number of one or more first frames between the moment when the first frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.4.The method of claim 3, wherein the time interval between the first frame and a subsequent first frame is an absolute time or a relative time interval.5.The method of any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the first frame further comprises at least one of:a field indicating a presence of the SP parameters field; ora field indicating a presence of the SP timing synchronization field.6.The method of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first frame further comprises:a field indicating whether one or more time intervals between every two adjacent first frames in one or more first frames are equal.7.The method of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a second frame and a third frame are comprised in the one or more first frames, the third frame is a subsequent frame of the second frame, a time interval between the second frame and the third frame is determined based on a clock accuracy of an AMP access point (AP) , a clock accuracy of the AMP STA, a time interval between the SP and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, and a number of one or more first frames between a moment when a preceding SP of the SP ends and the moment for starting the SP, and a minimum duration for which the AMP STA is awake after the SP of the first SP set starts.8.The method of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a second frame and a third frame are comprised in the one or more first frames, the third frame is a subsequent frame of the second frame, a time interval between the second frame and the third frame is determined based on a clock accuracy of an AMP AP, a clock accuracy of an AMP STA participating in the first SP set, a time interval between the SP and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, and a number of one or more first frames between a moment when a preceding SP of the SP ends and the moment for starting the SP, and a minimum duration for which the AMP STA is awake after the SP of the first SP set starts.9.The method of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a second frame and a third frame are comprised in the one or more first frames, the third frame is a subsequent frame of the second frame, a time interval between the second frame and the third frame is determined based on a start time of the SP of the first SP set, a clock accuracy of the AMP AP, a clock accuracy of the AMP STA, a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, a number of one or more first frames between the moment when the first frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.10.The method of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a second frame and a third frame are comprised in the one or more first frames, the third frame is a subsequent frame of the second frame, a time interval between the second frame and the third frame is determined based on a start time of the SP of the first SP set, a clock accuracy of the AMP AP, a clock accuracy of an AMP STA participating in the first SP set, a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, a number of one or more first frames between the moment when the first frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.11.The method of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the first frame is an AMP SP advert frame, and the AMP SP advert frame advertises SP-related time information.12.The method of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the first frame is an AMP SP setup frame, and the AMP SP setup frame configures the first SP set.13.The method of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the first frame is an AMP SP information frame, and the AMP SP information frame carries SP information.14.The method of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the first frame is an AMP beacon frame, and the AMP beacon frame is used to perform at least one of:configure a plurality of SP sets comprising the first SP set; orcarry information for the plurality of SP sets.15.The method of claim 14, wherein the AMP beacon frame comprises at least one of:an SP timing synchronization set field and a beacon count field.16.The method of claim 15, wherein the SP timing synchronization set field comprises one or more SP timing synchronization fields for the one or more SP sets, wherein each SP timing synchronization field indicates a time interval between an AMP SP advert frame and a subsequent AMP SP advert frame in a corresponding SP and a number of one or more AMP SP advert frames between a moment when the AMP SP advert frame is transmitted and a moment for starting the corresponding SP; andthe beacon count field comprises a field indicating a number of one or more AMP beacon frames between a moment when the AMP beacon frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.17.The method of claim 16, wherein the AMP beacon frame further comprises at least one of:a field indicating a presence of the SP timing synchronization set; ora field indicating a presence of the beacon count.18.The method of any of claims 12 to 17, wherein the first frame comprises at least one of:a field indicating a first clock accuracy or a clock accuracy of an AMP AP, wherein the first clock accuracy is determined based on the clock accuracy of the AMP AP and a clock accuracy of an AMP STA participating in the first SP set; ora field indicating a presence of the first clock accuracy or a presence of the clock accuracy of the AMP AP.19.The method of claim 18, wherein the AMP STA participating in the first SP set is an AMP STA with a greatest clock accuracy participating in the first SP set.20.The method of claim 18 or 19, wherein the duration is determined based on the first clock accuracy.21.The method of any of claims 1 to 20, further comprising:receiving a fourth frame, wherein the fourth frame configures the first SP set, a start moment of the first SP set carried in the fourth frame is a second moment, and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set is later than the second moment.22.The method of claim 21, wherein the fourth frame indicates a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, and the time interval between the SP of the first SP set and the subsequent SP of the first SP set is determined based on the first clock accuracy.23.The method of any one of claims 1 to 22, wherein the AMP STA is at an awake state at the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set, and the method further comprises:receiving an AMP trigger frame that triggers a response from the AMP STA; andtransmitting an AMP response frame for responding to the AMP trigger frame.24.The method of claim 23, wherein the AMP response frame comprises at least one of:an AMP SP info field, an AMP beacon field, an SP initiate field, an SP terminate field, a channel sensing (CS) synchronization information field or an AMP SP Advert field.25.The method of claim 24, wherein the AMP SP info field indicates a request for a transmission of an AMP SP information frame no earlier than the end of the corresponding SP, wherein the AMP SP information frame is used for carrying information regarding a subsequent SP in the first SP set;the AMP beacon field indicates a request for a transmission of an AMP beacon frame no earlier than the end of the corresponding SP, wherein the AMP beacon frame is used for broadcasting information about all existing SP sets;the SP initiate field indicates a request for initiating a new SP;the SP terminate field indicates a termination of the current SP set;the channel sensing synchronization information field requests an AMP AP to adjust a transmission time of future trigger frames to synchronize with the awake state of the AMP STA; andthe AMP SP Advert field indicates a request for transmitting a first frame.26.The method of claim 24 or 25, wherein a request field in the AMP response frame comprises at least one of:the AMP SP info field, the AMP beacon field, the SP initiate field, the SP terminate field, the channel sensing synchronization field, or the AMP SP Advert field.27.The method of claim 26, wherein the AMP response frame further comprises:a field indicating a presence of the request field.28.The method of any one of claims 23 to 27, wherein the AMP response frame further comprises:a clock accuracy field indicating a clock accuracy of the AMP STA.29.The method of claim 28, wherein the AMP response frame further comprises:a field indicating a presence of the clock accuracy.30.The method of claim 24 or 25, wherein a control field of the AMP response frame comprises at least one of:the AMP SP info field, the AMP beacon field, the SP initiate field, the SP terminate field, the channel sensing synchronization information field, the AMP SP Advert field, an SP parameters present field, an SP timing info present field, or a channel sensing information present field.31.The method of claim 30, wherein the SP timing information present field indicating a presence of an SP timing information field, the channel sensing information present field indicating a presence of a channel sensing information field, the SP timing information field indicates the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set, and the channel sensing information comprises at least one of a field indicating a total duration of the AMP STA for the CS and a field indicating a count of CS cycles of the AMP STA.32.A communication method, comprising:determining one or more first frames, wherein each of the one or more first frames indicates a duration from a moment when the each of the one or more first frames is transmitted to a moment for starting an SP of a first SP set;transmitting the one or more first frames.33.The method of claim 32, further comprising:transmitting a fourth frame, wherein the fourth frame configures the first SP set, a start moment of the first SP set carried in the fourth frame is a second moment, and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set is later than the second moment.34.The method of claim 33, wherein the fourth frame indicates a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, and the time interval between the SP of the first SP set and the subsequent SP of the first SP set is determined based on the first clock accuracy.35.The method of any of claims 32 to 34, wherein the first frame comprises at least one of:an SP parameters field and an SP timing synchronization field;the SP parameters field is used to indicate SP parameter information; andthe SP timing synchronization field is used to indicate timing information to synchronize an AMP station (STA) to the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.36.The method of claim 35, wherein the SP parameters field comprises at least one of:a field indicating an identity of the first SP set, a field indicating a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, or a field indicating a minimum duration for which an AMP STA is awake after the SP of the first SP set starts; andthe SP timing synchronization field comprises at least one of:a field indicating a time interval between the first frame and a subsequent first frame, a field indicating a number of one or more first frames between the moment when the first frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.37.The method of claim 36, wherein the time interval between the first frame and a subsequent first frame is an absolute time or a relative time interval.38.The method of any one of claims 35 to 37, wherein the first frame further comprises at least one of:a field indicating a presence of the SP parameters field; ora field indicating a presence of the SP timing synchronization field.39.The method of any one of claims 32 to 38, wherein the first frame further comprises:a field indicating whether one or more time intervals between every two adjacent first frames in one or more first frames are equal.40.The method of any one of claims 32 to 39, wherein a second frame and a third frame are comprised in the one or more first frames, the third frame is a subsequent frame of the second frame, a time interval between the second frame and the third frame is determined based on a clock accuracy of the AMP AP, a clock accuracy of the AMP STA, a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, and a number of one or more first frames between a moment when the third frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.41.The method of any of claims 32 to 39, wherein a second frame and a third frame are comprised in the one or more first frames, the third frame is a subsequent frame of the second frame, a time interval between the second frame and the third frame is determined based on a clock accuracy of the AMP AP, a clock accuracy of an AMP STA participating in the first SP set, a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, and a number of one or more first frames between a moment when the third frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.42.The method of any one of claims 32 to 39, wherein a second frame and a third frame are comprised in the one or more first frames, the third frame is a subsequent frame of the second frame, a time interval between the second frame and the third frame is determined based on a start time of the SP of the first SP set, a clock accuracy of the AMP AP, a clock accuracy of the AMP STA, a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, a number of one or more first frames between the moment when the first frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.43.The method of any of claims 32 to 39, wherein a second frame and a third frame are comprised in the one or more first frames, the third frame is a subsequent frame of the second frame, a time interval between the second frame and the third frame is determined based on a start time of the SP of the first SP set, a clock accuracy of the AMP AP, a clock accuracy of an AMP STA participating in the first SP set, a time interval between the SP of the first SP set and a subsequent SP of the first SP set, a number of one or more first frames between the moment when the first frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.44.The method of any one of claims 32 to 43, wherein the first frame is an ambient power (AMP) SP advert frame, andthe AMP advert frame advertises SP-related time information.45.The method of any one of claims 32 to 43, wherein the first frame is an AMP SP setup frame, and the AMP SP setup frame configures the first SP set.46.The method of any one of claims 32 to 43, wherein the first frame is an AMP SP information frame, and the AMP SP information frame carries SP information.47.The method of any one of claims 32 to 43, wherein the first frame is an AMP beacon frame, and the AMP beacon frame is used to perform at least one of:configure a plurality of SP sets comprising the first SP set; orcarry information for the plurality of SP sets.48.The method of claim 47, wherein the AMP beacon frame comprises at least one of:an SP timing synchronization set field and a beacon count field.49.The method of claim 48, wherein the SP timing synchronization set field comprises one or more SP timing synchronization fields for the one or more SP sets, wherein each SP timing synchronization field indicates a time interval between an AMP advert frame and a subsequent AMP advert frame in a corresponding SP and a number of one or more AMP advert frames between a moment when the AMP advert frame is transmitted and a moment for starting the corresponding SP; and the beacon count field comprises a field indicating a number of one or more AMP beacon frames between a moment when the AMP beacon frame is transmitted and the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set.50.The method of claim 49, wherein the AMP beacon frame further comprises at least one of:a field indicating a presence of the SP timing synchronization set; ora field indicating a presence of the beacon count.51.The method of any of claims 45 to 50, wherein the first frame comprises at least one of:a field indicating a first clock accuracy or a clock accuracy of an AMP AP, wherein the first clock accuracy is determined based on the clock accuracy of the AMP AP and a clock accuracy of an AMP STA participating in the first SP set; ora field indicating a presence of the first clock accuracy or a presence of the clock accuracy of the AMP AP.52.The method of claim 51, wherein the AMP STA participating in the first SP set is an AMP STA with a greatest clock accuracy participating in the first SP set.53.The method of claim 51 or 52, wherein the duration is determined based on the first clock accuracy.54.The method of any of claims 51 to 53, wherein a moment to start transmitting the one or more first frames is determined based on the duration and the first clock accuracy, or a moment to end transmitting the one or more first frames is determined based on the duration and the first clock accuracy.55.The method of any one of claims 32 to 54, further comprising:transmitting an AMP trigger frame that triggers a response from the AMP STA; andreceiving an AMP response frame for responding to the AMP trigger frame.56.The method of claim 55, wherein the AMP response frame comprises at least one of:an AMP SP info field, an AMP beacon field, an SP initiate field, an SP terminate field, a channel sensing synchronization information field or an AMP SP Advert field.57.The method of claim 56, wherein the AMP SP info field indicates a request for a transmission of an AMP SP information frame no earlier than the end of the corresponding SP, wherein the AMP SP information frame is used for carrying information regarding a subsequent SP in the first SP set;the AMP beacon field indicates a request for a transmission of an AMP beacon frame no earlier than the end of the corresponding SP, wherein the AMP beacon frame is used for broadcasting information about all existing SP sets;the SP initiate field indicates a request for initiating a new SP;the SP terminate field indicates a termination of the current SP set;the channel sensing synchronization information field requests an AMP AP to adjust a transmission time of future trigger frames to synchronize with the awake state of the AMP STA; andthe AMP SP Advert field indicates a request for transmitting a first frame.58.The method of claim 56, wherein a request field in the AMP response frame comprises at least one of:the AMP SP info field, the AMP beacon field, the SP initiate field, the SP terminate field, the channel sensing synchronization field, or the AMP SP Advert field.59.The method of claim 58, wherein the AMP response frame further comprises:a field indicating a presence of the request field.60.The method of any one of claims 55 to 59, wherein the AMP response frame further comprises:a clock accuracy field indicating a clock accuracy of the AMP STA.61.The method of claim 60, wherein the AMP response frame further comprises:a field indicating a presence of the clock accuracy.62.The method of claim 56 or 57, wherein a control field of the AMP response frame comprises at least one of:the AMP SP info field, the AMP beacon field, the SP initiate field, the SP terminate field, the channel sensing synchronization information field, the AMP SP Advert field, an SP parameters present field, an SP timing info present field, or a channel sensing information present field.63.The method of claim 62, wherein the SP timing information present field indicating a presence of an SP timing information field, the channel sensing information present field indicating a presence of a channel sensing information field, the SP timing information field indicates the moment for starting the SP of the first SP set, and the channel sensing information comprises at least one of a field indicating a total duration of the AMP STA for the CS and a field indicating a count of CS cycles of the AMP STA.64.A communication apparatus, configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 31.65.A communication apparatus, configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 32 to 63.66.A communication apparatus, comprising:one or more processors; andan interface circuit configured to receive signals from another communication apparatus and send the signals to the one or more processors, or send signals from the one or more processors to another communication apparatus;wherein the one or more processors is configured to implement, through logic circuits or by executing instructions, the method of any one of claims 1 to 31.67.A communication apparatus, comprising:one or more processors; andan interface circuit configured to receive signals from another communication apparatus and send the signals to the one or more processors, or send signals from the one or more processors to another communication apparatus;wherein the one or more processors is configured to implement, through logic circuits or by executing instructions, the method of any one of claims 32 to 63.68.A communication system, comprising a first communication apparatus and a second communication apparatus, whereinthe first communication apparatus is configured to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 31, and the second communication apparatus is configured to perform the method of any one of claims 32 to 63.69.A computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 31 or 32 to 63.70.A computer program product storing instructions which, when executed, cause an apparatus to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 31 or 32 to 63.