Impact energy absorbing device

Abstract

The subject of the invention is an impact energy absorbing device, comprising a shock absorber (3) with a cylinder (3a) and piston rod (3b), a sleeve (1) to be cut and a machining tool (2) surrounding the sleeve (1) to be cut, for machining the surface of the sleeve (1) to be cut, characterized in that the sleeve (1) to be cut is a cylinder (3 a) of the shock absorber (3).

Description

[0001] Impact energy absorbing device

[0002] The subject of the invention is an impact energy absorbing device, comprising a shock absorber with a cylinder and a piston rod, a sleeve to be cut and a machining tool surrounding the sleeve to be cut, for machining the surface of the sleeve to be cut.

[0003] From patents PL202114B1 and PL211405B1 impact energy absorbing devices are known comprising a rod and a machining tool surrounding the rod. The machining tool has at least three blades, located at the circumference of the rod in furrows, and between the blades there are guides positioning the rod.

[0004] There is an Axtone company device known under the trade name AX-TRC, which has a shock absorber located in the body, and knives surrounding the body. In this solution, the knives cut the body in which the shock absorber is placed.

[0005] The invention allows for reducing the number of elements in such devices, thus reducing the weight.

[0006] The present invention constitutes an impact energy absorbing device, comprising a shock absorber with a cylinder and a piston rod, a sleeve to be cut and a machining tool surrounding the sleeve to be cut, for machining the surface of the sleeve to be cut. The device is characterized in that the shock absorber cylinder constitutes the sleeve to be cut.

[0007] Preferably, the cylinder in the part to be cut has material allowance.

[0008] Preferably, the piston rod of the shock absorber is terminated with a piston.

[0009] Preferably, the cylinder has an outer diameter larger than the diameter of the circle defined by the machining edge of the machining tool.

[0010] Preferably, the machining tool constitutes a machining ring.

[0011] Preferably, the machining tool is provided with knives. More preferably, the part of the cylinder to be cut has grooves for guiding the knives. Preferably, the piston rod of the shock absorber is enclosed in a guide sleeve, which sleeve, at the end proximal to the cylinder, is provided with a machining tool, and, at the end distal to the cylinder, has a load- separated closing part to which the piston rod is attached, triggering the machining. More preferably, the closing part is a breakaway part, a sheared part or a sheared part with tension.

[0012] Preferably, the shock absorber cylinder is surrounded by a guide sleeve, which at the end proximal to the piston rod is provided with the machining tool.

[0013] More preferably, the cylinder at the end distal to the piston rod has a load- separated closing part for triggering the machining.

[0014] More preferably, the closing part is a breakaway part, a sheared part or a sheared part with tension.

[0015] The present invention is shown in the embodiment in the drawings, where fig. 1 shows a general view of the device according to the invention in an embodiment, fig. 2 shows a general view of the device in another embodiment, fig. 3-5 show schematically the operation of the device according to the invention, in longitudinal section, fig. 6-7 show further device embodiments in longitudinal section.

[0016] As can best be seen in figures, the impact energy absorbing device, comprises a shock absorber (3) with a cylinder (3a) and a piston rod (3b), a sleeve (1) to be cut and a machining tool (2) surrounding the sleeve (1) to be cut, for machining the surface of the sleeve (1) to be cut, with the cylinder (3a) of the shock absorber (3) used as the sleeve (1) to be cut. During normal operation, the shock absorber (3), which has reversible travel, operates, absorbing the pushes and jerks that occur during normal operation of connected vehicles such as a train set (i.e. when braking and starting). The shock absorber (3) operates within the normal range of its travel. When a certain thrust force is exceeded (e.g. a crash) in the shock absorber (3), the length of the normal travel is exceeded, and machining tool (2) begins to cut the cylinder (3a) of the shock absorber (3) at its downstream part, which is beyond the travel limit.

[0017] Further steps in the device’s operation can best be seen in fig. 3-5. In fig. 3 the shock absorber (3) is in the resting position (without deflection), in fig. 4 the shock absorber (3) is deflecting in its usual operating range, in fig. 5 the travel of the shock absorber (3) is exceeded and the machining tool (2) cuts the distal part of the cylinder (3a) of the shock absorber (3).

[0018] In the embodiments shown, the piston rod (3b) of the shock absorber (3) is terminated with a piston (3c), but it can also be a pistonless shock absorber (3) known in the field. In these examples, the cylinder (3a) in the part to be cut has material allowance, but in some embodiments (not shown), if cylinder (3a) is cut from its edge, it is sufficient for its outer diameter to be larger than the diameter of the circle defined by the machining edge of machining tool (2).

[0019] In the examples shown in fig. 2-7 the machining tool (2) constitutes a machining ring.

[0020] In the example shown in fig. 1 the machining tool (2) is provided with knives (5), in which case it is preferable, as shown in fig. 1, that the machining part of the cylinder (3a) has grooves (5a) for guiding the knives (5) (but not necessarily).

[0021] Fig. 1-5 show embodiments in which the piston rod (3b) of the shock absorber (3) is enclosed in a guide sleeve (4). The sleeve (4) at the end proximal to the cylinder (3a) is provided with a machining tool (2), and at the end distal to the cylinder (3 a) it has a load-separated closing part (4a) to which the piston rod (3b) is attached, for triggering the machining. The closing part (4a) serves as a fuse - in case the shock absorber’s (3) travel is exceeded as a result of a crash, the closing part (4a) separates from the rest of the sleeve (4) and the cylinder (3a) begins to be cut. In the figures, the closing part (4a) is a breakaway part, but it can be a sheared part or a sheared part with tension - other ways of separating the closing part (4a) known in the state of the art may also be used.

[0022] In the examples shows in fig. 6-7 the shock absorber (3) is inverted, in such case the shock absorber cylinder (3a) is surrounded by a guide sleeve (4), which at the end proximal to the piston rod (3b) is provided with the machining tool (2).

[0023] In the example in fig. 6, the cylinder (3a) at the end distal to the piston rod (3b) has a load-separated closing part (4a) for triggering the machining, similar to examples in fig.

[0024] 1-5. And similarly, this closing part (4a) can be a breakaway part, a sheared part, or sheared part with tension, or any other part known in the field.

[0025] Fig. 7 shows a similar example in which there is no closing part (4a). In this example, machining is initiated as a direct result of the machining force value (that is, when the travel of shock absorber (3) is exhausted, there is an increase in force that triggers the machining process).

[0026] Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the features indicated in the claims may be combined with each other in any combinations appropriate for a given application of the solution.

Claims

Claims1. An impact energy absorbing device, comprising a shock absorber (3) with a cylinder (3 a) and a piston rod (3b), a sleeve (1) to be cut and a machining tool (2) surrounding the sleeve (1) to be cut, for machining the surface of the sleeve (1) to be cut, characterized in that the sleeve (1) to be cut is a cylinder (3 a) of the shock absorber (3).

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder (3a) in the part to be cut has a material allowance.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston rod (3b) of the shock absorber (3) is terminated with a piston (3c).

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder (3a) has an outer diameter larger than the diameter of the circle defined by the machining edge of the machining tool (2).

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the machining tool (2) constitutes a machining ring.

6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the machining tool (2) is provided with knives (5).

7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the part of the cylinder (3a) to be cut has grooves (5a) for guiding the knives (5).

8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston rod (3b) of the shock absorber (3) is enclosed in a guide sleeve (4), which sleeve, at the end proximal to the cylinder (3a), is provided with the machining tool (2), and, at the end distal to the cylinder (3a), has a load-separated closing part (4a) to which the piston rod (3b) is attached, for triggering the machining.

9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the closing part (4a) is a breakaway part.

10. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the closing part (4a) is a sheared part.

11. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the closing part (4a) is a sheared part with tension.

12. The device according to claim 1, wherein the shock absorber cylinder (3a) is surrounded by a guide sleeve (4), which sleeve, at the end proximal to the piston rod (3b), is provided with the machining tool (2).

13. The device according to claim 12, wherein the cylinder (3a), at the end distal to the piston rod (3b), has a load- separated closing part (4a) for triggering the machining.

14. The device according to claim 13, wherein the closing part (4a) is a breakaway part.

15. The device according to claim 13, wherein the closing part (4a) is a sheared part.

16. The device according to claim 13, wherein the closing part (4a) is a sheared part with tension.

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