Random access method and apparatus, device and storage medium

Abstract

A random access method and apparatus, a device and a storage medium, relating to the technical field of communications. The method is executed by a terminal device. The method comprises: sending first information, the first information being used for indicating information related to a transmission status of a first random access message, and the first random access message carrying a random access preamble (610). The terminal device can report the transmission status of the first random access message to a network device, so that the network device can collect, in a cellular network, information related to the random access preamble, so as to generate a training dataset. The resulting training dataset is more in line with the actual situation, the accuracy of a trained AI model can also be improved, and the network device can also adjust the allocation of resources on the basis of the distribution of terminal devices in a cellular network.

Description

Random access methods, devices, equipment and storage media Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a random access method, apparatus, device, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of communication technology, AI (Artificial Intelligence) technology has been gradually applied to the field of communication. Related technologies have proposed a scheme that uses AI models to assist terminal devices in predicting the number of terminal devices performing random access through the same RO (Random Access Channel Occasion). However, how this scheme can be implemented for data collection in cellular networks requires further discussion and research.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a random access method, apparatus, device, and storage medium. The technical solutions provided by this application are as follows:

[0005] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a random access method is provided, the method being executed by a terminal device, the method comprising:

[0006] Send first information, which is used to indicate relevant information about the sending status of the first random access message, and the first random access message carries a random access preamble.

[0007] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a random access method is provided, the method being executed by a network device, the method comprising:

[0008] Receive first information, which is related to the transmission status of a first random access message, and the first random access message carries a random access preamble.

[0009] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a random access device is provided, the device comprising:

[0010] The sending module is used to send first information, which is related to the sending status of a first random access message, and the first random access message carries a random access preamble.

[0011] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a random access device is provided, the device comprising:

[0012] The receiving module is used to receive first information, which is related to the transmission status of a first random access message, and the first random access message carries a random access preamble.

[0013] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a communication device is provided, the communication device including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor executing the computer program to implement the above-described random access method.

[0014] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, the storage medium storing a computer program for execution by a processor to implement the above-described random access method.

[0015] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a chip is provided, the chip including programmable logic circuits and / or program instructions, which, when the chip is running, are used to implement the above-described random access method.

[0016] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a computer program product is provided, the computer program product including computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and a processor reading from the computer-readable storage medium and executing the computer instructions to implement the above-described random access method.

[0017] The technical solutions provided in this application embodiment may have the following beneficial effects:

[0018] Terminal devices can report the transmission status of the first random access message to network devices, enabling network devices to collect information related to the random access preamble within the cellular network to generate a training dataset. This training dataset is more realistic, improving the accuracy of the trained AI model. Network devices can also adjust resource allocation based on the distribution of terminal devices within the cellular network. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the transmission and reception of a preamble reference sequence provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a preamble detection area provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the RA (Random Access) model provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a resource scheduling strategy provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 6 is a flowchart of a random access method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 7 is a flowchart of a random access method provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the RO distribution provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the RO distribution provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the RO distribution provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the RO distribution provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 12 is a flowchart of a random access method provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 13 is a flowchart of a random access method provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 14 is a block diagram of a random access device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 15 is a block diagram of a random access device provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] The network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0037] The technical solutions of this application embodiment can be applied to various communication systems, such as: Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) system, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, Advanced Long Term Evolution (LTE-A) system, New Radio (NR) system, evolution of NR system, LTE-based access to unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) system, NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum (NR-U) system, Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) system, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN), and Wireless Fidelity (WF). Fidelity (WiFi), 5th-Generation (5G) systems, B5G (Beyound 5G) systems, 6th-Generation (6G) systems, or other communication systems.

[0038] Traditional communication systems typically support a limited number of connections and are easy to implement. However, with the development of communication technology, mobile communication systems will not only support traditional communication but also, for example, device-to-device (D2D) communication, machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, or vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication. The embodiments of this application can also be applied to these communication systems.

[0039] The communication system in this application embodiment can be applied to carrier aggregation (CA) scenarios, dual connectivity (DC) scenarios, and standalone (SA) network deployment scenarios.

[0040] The communication system in this application embodiment can be applied to unlicensed spectrum, wherein unlicensed spectrum can also be considered as shared spectrum; or, the communication system in this application embodiment can also be applied to licensed spectrum, wherein licensed spectrum can also be considered as non-shared spectrum.

[0041] The embodiments of this application can be applied to both non-terrestrial networks (NTN) and terrestrial networks (TN). NTN typically uses satellite communication to provide communication services to terrestrial users. Currently, NTN systems include NR-NTN and IoT-NTN systems, and other NTN systems may be included in the future.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 1, which shows a schematic diagram of a network architecture 100 provided in one embodiment of this application. The network architecture 100 may include: a terminal device 10, an access network device 20, and a core network element 30.

[0043] Terminal device 10 can refer to UE (User Equipment), access terminal equipment, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal equipment, mobile device, wireless communication equipment, user agent, or user device. In some embodiments, terminal device 10 can also be a cellular phone, cordless phone, SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) phone, WLL (Wireless Local Loop) station, PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), handheld device with wireless communication capabilities, computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, vehicle-mounted device, wearable device, terminal device in 5GS (5th Generation System), or terminal device in the future evolved PLMN (Public Land Mobile Network), etc., and this application embodiment is not limited thereto. For ease of description, the devices mentioned above are collectively referred to as terminal devices. The number of terminal devices 10 is usually multiple, and one or more terminal devices 10 can be distributed within the cell managed by each access network device 20. The term "terminal device" can also be abbreviated as "terminal device" or "UE," and those skilled in the art will understand its meaning.

[0044] Access network device 20 is a device deployed in an access network to provide wireless communication functionality to terminal device 10. Access network device 20 may include various forms of macro base stations, micro base stations, relay stations, access points, etc. In systems employing different wireless access technologies, the name of the device with access network device functionality may differ; for example, in a 5G NR system, it is called gNodeB or gNB. As communication technologies evolve, the name "access network device" may change. For ease of description, in this embodiment, the aforementioned devices providing wireless communication functionality to terminal device 10 are collectively referred to as access network devices. In some embodiments, a communication relationship can be established between terminal device 10 and core network element 30 through access network device 20. For example, in an LTE (Long Term Evolution) system, access network device 20 may be one or more eNodeBs in an EUTRAN (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network) or EUTRAN; in a 5G NR system, access network device 20 may be one or more gNBs in a RAN (Radio Access Network). In the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified, the term "network device" refers to access network device 20, such as a base station.

[0045] Core network element 30 is a network element deployed in the core network. Its main functions are to provide user connectivity, manage users, and bear services, acting as an interface to external network devices. For example, core network elements in a 5G NR system may include AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function) entities, UPF (User Plane Function) entities, and SMF (Session Management Function) entities.

[0046] In some embodiments, the access network device 20 and the core network element 30 communicate with each other via some air interface technology, such as the NG interface in a 5G NR system. The access network device 20 and the terminal device 10 communicate with each other via some air interface technology, such as the Uu interface.

[0047] The "5G NR system" in this application embodiment can also be referred to as a 5G system or an NR system, but those skilled in the art will understand its meaning. The technical solutions described in this application embodiment can be applied to LTE systems, 5G NR systems, and subsequent evolution systems of 5G NR systems (such as B5G (Beyound 5G) systems, 6G systems (6th Generation System), and other communication systems such as NB-IoT (Narrow Band Internet of Things) systems. This application does not limit these applications.

[0048] In this embodiment, the network device can provide services to a cell. The terminal device communicates with the network device through the transmission resources (e.g., frequency domain resources, or spectrum resources) on the carrier used by the cell. The cell can be the cell corresponding to the network device (e.g., a base station). The cell can belong to a macro base station or to a base station corresponding to a small cell. The small cell can include: metro cell, micro cell, pico cell, femto cell, etc. These small cells have the characteristics of small coverage area and low transmission power, and are suitable for providing high-speed data transmission services.

[0049] Before introducing the technical solution of this application, the relevant technologies involved in this application will be described first. The following relevant technologies are optional solutions and can be arbitrarily combined with the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, all of which fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application. The embodiments of this application include at least some of the following contents.

[0050] 1. Review of the current RACH preamble detection mechanism.

[0051] The Zadoff-Chu sequence is used as the preamble sequence in the RACH procedure.

[0052] Where, N ZC Let r be the sequence length, where r ∈ {1, ..., (N... ZC-1)} represents the root index, and the cyclic auto-correlation property is:

[0053] Which implies that it has a meaningful value when τ = 0.

[0054] The i-th preamble is the iNcs cyclically shifted version of the reference sequence with a pre-configured root index r (see Figure 2 for details).

[0055] Z r ,i[n]=Z r [(n+iN CS )modN ZC ]

[0056] The receiver computes correlation values ​​between the frequency-domain sequence of the received signal at each antenna j for j = {1, ..., J} and the template frequency-domain reference ZC sequence with root number r, finally transferring the results to the time domain.

[0057] • By averaging the correlation values ​​from all J antennas, the averaged correlation value is obtained:

[0058] Note n∈{0,…,Nzc -1}, N zc = 839.

[0059] · In the conventional RA model, to determine whether the i-th preamble is idle or active at a certain RO, a simple binary detection method is adopted at the eNB, which checks whether the averaged correlation value x[n] exceeds a threshold value within the i-th preamble detection zone D i = {x[n] | iNcs < n < (i + 1)Ncs} of size Ncs. Such a threshold-based binary detection fails to identify the collision event where a specific preamble is occupied by multiple nodes since it simply classifies the collided preamble into an active one. As a result, the same PUSCH resource is allocated to multiple nodes, resulting in the PUSCH resource collision at the third step of the RA procedure (In the conventional RA model, to determine whether the i-th preamble is idle or active at a certain RO, a simple binary detection method is adopted at the eNB, which checks whether the averaged correlation value x[n] exceeds a threshold value within the i-th preamble detection zone D i={x[n]|iNcs < n < (i + 1)Ncs} has a size of Ncs. This threshold-based binary detection cannot identify conflict events where a specific preamble is occupied by multiple nodes because it simply classifies the conflicting preambles as activated preambles. As a result, the same PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel) resources are allocated to multiple nodes, leading to a PUSCH resource conflict in the third step of the RA process). As shown in Figure 3, preambledetection zone 1 corresponds to the 1-st preamble index, consisting of N cs samples (The preamble detection zone 1 corresponds to the 1st preamble index, consisting of N cs samples).

[0060] Transmission and reception of the PRACH preamble

[0061] Transmitter

[0062] 1. A ZC sequence with the root number r, z r [n], is generated r [n].

[0063] 2. Cyclically shift z r [n] by iN CS to obtain the i-th preamble of length 839 (the value of N ZC )(z r [n] is cyclically shifted by iN CS to obtain the i-th preamble of length 839 (the value of N ZC ).

[0064] 3. 32768-point IFFT and two-step down sampling. After adding the CP, the preamble is transmitted in the form of a 1920-length sequence

[0065] Receiver (receiver):

[0066] 1.performs 1536-point FFT on the received signals on the J antennas to obtain frequency-domain sequence Y j [k]at each antenna (perform a 1536-point FFT on the received signal on antenna J to obtain the frequency domain sequence Y for each antenna). j [k]).

[0067] 2. Correlation values|c j [n] 2 |between Y j [k]and the frequency-domain reference ZC sequence with the root number r,z r [k]are obtained in the time domain using 839-point IFFT(correlation value|c j [n] 2 |In Y j Between [k] and the frequency domain reference ZC sequence with root number r, z r [k] is obtained in the time domain using an 839-point IFFT.

[0068] n = 0, ..., NZC-1.

[0069] 3.By averaging correlation values ​​from all J antennas, the averaged correlation value The average correlation value is obtained as the input to the deep learning network (by averaging the correlation values ​​of all J antennas). (Input for deep learning networks).

[0070] 2. Deep learning-based RA preamble detection framework

[0071] 2.1 Preamble Classifier

[0072] The preamble classifier accepts x[n] as input and is trained to predict the number of nodes using the received preamble. To this end, we consider the following K+1 different classes:

[0073] Class 0: The preamble is idle (unused).

[0074] Class 1: The preamble is selected by a single node.

[0075] Class k: The preamble is collided by k nodes for k = 2, ..., K–1.

[0076] Class K: The preamble is collided by K or more nodes.

[0077] K is a hyperparameter set by the system.

[0078] When the system detects that the preamble is collided with more than one UE, more than one PUSCH resource can be distributed towards the UEs to avoid the RACH msg3 collision.

[0079] 2.2 TA classifier (TA (Timing Advance) classifier)

[0080] Predicting the TA values ​​of k UEs for all possible k = 1, ..., K-1 given by the preamble classifier output.

[0081] The predicted TA values ​​are then used for PUSCH resource scheduling for msg3 transmission.

[0082] Assume that L TA values ​​exists in a cell.Then, there are total Set candidates for the preambles identified as CLASS k∈{1,…,K-1} by the preamble classifier. (Assume there are LTA values ​​in the cell. Then, the preamble classifier identifies the preambles with CLASS k∈{1,…,K-1} as having a total of...) (Candidate options).

[0083] 2.3 The diagram of the deep-learning based RA model is shown in Figure 4.

[0084] 2.4 Resource scheduling strategy

[0085] When the system finds that k UEs transmit the same preamble, k different RARs (Random Access Responses) can be scheduled to these UEs to avoid the msg3 transmission collision. For each RAR, a different TA value corresponding to one of the TA classifier outputs can be attached, as illustrated in Figure 5.

[0086] 2.5 Simulation data generation

[0087] Preambles are generated as the training input dataset.

[0088] The label for the training dataset is 'the number of UEs simultaneously transmits RACH preambles in the RACH procedure'.

[0089] For the preamble classifier:

[0090] At each SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio), 1000 data samples are generated for each CLASS k∈{0,,,,K}, resulting in a total T = 5(K+1)*1000 (5SNR values).

[0091] For TA classification:

[0092] NCs = 24 correlation values ​​correspond to around 34 preamble indexes.

[0093] Each preamble index group dataset has a label corresponding to one of 10 and 45 TA set classes, which are determined by the nodes' location, corresponding to one-node and two-node collision scenarios, respectively.

[0094] 2.6 The principle behind the preamble classifier

[0095] Purpose: To check the number of collided nodes from the correlation values.

[0096] How: Examining the amplitude of the correlation values ​​x[n] in a specific preamble detection zone Di.

[0097] Input feature:

[0098] Output: the probability vector.

[0099] Here, it represents the probability of the received signal being predicted as CLASS k.

[0100] The loss function to be minimized:

[0101] Among them, T denotes the number of training data, denotes the ground-true label of the t-th training data,p (t) This denotes the output probability vector of the t-th input (T represents the number of training data points). p represents the true label of the t-th training data. (t) (This represents the output probability vector of the t-th input).

[0102] 2.7 The principle behind the preamble classifier

[0103] Purpose: Estimation of the TA(s) of k estimated UEs simultaneously performing RACH msg1 transmission.

[0104] How: The TA would affect both the amplitude and the delay of the received preamble obtained through multi-path fading channels, and therefore an efficient TA classifier should capture temporal changes in the correlation value x[n].

[0105] Input features: the output of preamble classifier k, and the correlation vector x[n].

[0106] Output:the probability vector over the TApossibilities(output: (The probability vector of TA's possibility).

[0107] The loss function to be minimized is the categorical cross entropy between the output probability vector of the CNN and the ground-true TA value(s).

[0108] The above method does not support the collection of actual training datasets for random access preamble detection tasks via cellular networks; it only supports training AI models using simulated data.

[0109] Please refer to Figure 6, which shows a flowchart of a random access method provided in an embodiment of this application. The method is performed by a terminal device. The method includes the following step 610.

[0110] Step 610: The terminal device sends first information, which is used to indicate relevant information about the sending status of the first random access message. The first random access message carries a random access preamble.

[0111] Random access is a crucial step in mobile communication systems and the final step in establishing a communication link between the terminal device and the network device. The UE (User Equipment) interacts with the network device through random access to complete subsequent operations such as making calls, requesting resources, and transmitting data. The UE also uses random access to synchronize its uplink time with the system. The performance of random access directly impacts the user experience. The random access process refers to the period from when the terminal device sends the random access preamble to attempt network access until a basic signaling connection is established with the network. Random access messages are messages sent by the terminal device or network device during the random access process.

[0112] Due to the mobility of terminal devices, the distance between them and network devices is uncertain. Therefore, if a terminal device needs to send messages to a network device, real-time uplink synchronization maintenance is essential. The purpose of PRACH (Physical Random Access Channel) is to achieve uplink synchronization, establish an uplink synchronization relationship with the network device, and request dedicated resources from the network device for normal service transmission. The random access preamble is the actual content sent by the UE in the PRACH channel, consisting of a cyclic prefix (CP) of length Tcp and a sequence of length Tseq.

[0113] In some embodiments, the first random access message carries at least a random access preamble. In some embodiments, the first random access message carries both a random access preamble and a PUSCH. For example, the first random access message is Msg1, and Msg1 carries a random access preamble. For example, the first random access message is MsgA, and MsgA carries both a random access preamble and PUSCH transmission content.

[0114] In some embodiments, the first information is used to assist the network device in constructing a training dataset, the training dataset is used to train an AI model, and the AI ​​model is used to predict the number of terminal devices that initiate random access on the same RO based on the first random access message, and / or the TA values ​​corresponding to the terminal devices that initiate random access on the same RO.

[0115] In some embodiments, the AI ​​model takes as input a correlation value determined based on N random access preambles and outputs the probability of a random access preamble being transmitted on the same RO among the N random access preambles. In other embodiments, the AI ​​model takes as input a correlation value determined based on N random access preambles and the probability of a random access preamble being transmitted on the same RO among the N random access preambles, and outputs the TA value corresponding to each of the N random access preambles. N is an integer greater than 1. For details on how to determine the correlation value based on N random access preambles, please refer to the descriptions in the related technologies described above; this application will not repeat them here.

[0116] In some embodiments, the AI ​​model may be a neural network model, such as an RNN (Recurrent Neural Network) model, a CNN model, etc. In some embodiments, the AI ​​model may be located on a network device or on a device other than a network device. For example, the AI ​​model may be located on a first terminal device dedicated to the training and / or use of the AI ​​model, or on a server providing backend services to the first terminal device.

[0117] In some embodiments, the terminal device sends a first random access message before sending the first information.

[0118] In some embodiments, the first random access message is sent by the terminal device after receiving an instruction from the network device. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG7, the method further includes at least one of the following steps 620 to 630.

[0119] Step 620: The terminal device receives second information, which instructs the terminal device to send a first random access message.

[0120] Step 630: The terminal device sends the first random access message.

[0121] In some embodiments, the first random access message is sent by the terminal device itself.

[0122] The content of the first random access message sent by the terminal device will be described in detail in subsequent embodiments.

[0123] In some embodiments, the first information is used to reflect the transmission status of the first random access message. In some embodiments, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0124] Confirmation information is used to confirm that the terminal device has sent the first random access message;

[0125] RO information corresponding to the first random access message;

[0126] The first random access message carries the random access preamble;

[0127] The RACH-related information corresponding to the first random access information.

[0128] In some embodiments, the first information is used to assist the network device in determining the transmission status of the first random access message. The transmission status of the first random access message may include: whether the first random access message was sent, the RO occupied by the first random access message, the random access preamble carried in the first random access message, and the time point information corresponding to the first random access message. After obtaining the above information, the network device determines a training dataset based on the above information. The training dataset includes the random access preamble, the timestamp information corresponding to the random access preamble, and the RO information corresponding to the random access preamble. The training dataset is used to train the aforementioned AI model.

[0129] The technical solution provided in this application embodiment allows the terminal device to report the transmission status of the first random access message to the network device, enabling the network device to collect information related to the random access preamble in the cellular network to generate a training dataset. This training dataset is more realistic, improves the accuracy of the trained AI model, and allows the network device to adjust resource allocation based on the distribution of terminal devices in the cellular network.

[0130] How the terminal device sends the first random access message

[0131] I. Sending instructions based on network devices

[0132] Please refer to Figure 7. The method also includes at least one of the following steps 620 to 630.

[0133] Step 620: The terminal device receives second information, which instructs the terminal device to send a first random access message.

[0134] Step 630: The terminal device sends the first random access message.

[0135] In some embodiments, the second information is used to instruct the terminal device to send a first random access message, or the second information is used to instruct the configuration information of the first random access message. The configuration information of the first random access message is used to determine the RO occupied by the first random access message, the random access preamble included in the first random access message, the time point information corresponding to the first random access message, etc.

[0136] In some embodiments, the second information includes at least one of the following:

[0137] One or more RO information;

[0138] One or more random access preambles;

[0139] The correspondence between RO and random access preamble;

[0140] The order in which one or more random access preambles are arranged;

[0141] One or more time point information, wherein the time point information is the time point at which the terminal device sends the first random access message;

[0142] The number of first random access messages transmitted;

[0143] The order in which one or more RO information is arranged.

[0144] In some embodiments, RO information is determined by at least one of the following:

[0145] SSB identification information;

[0146] PBCH identification information;

[0147] PRACH identification information.

[0148] In some embodiments, a single RO contains 64 random access preambles. Up to eight such ROs can be arranged simultaneously in the frequency domain and are continuously distributed in the frequency domain, while their distribution in the time domain is relatively complex.

[0149] Based on conflict-based access preambles (RA), there is a correspondence between the SSB index, RO, and preamble within an SSB transmission window. This correspondence is not one-to-one; one SSB index can correspond to one or more ROs, and multiple SSB indices can correspond to part of the preamble within a single RO. Regardless of the method used, the base station can determine which SSB index direction the UE is in based on the time-frequency domain resources of the RO containing the received preamble and the index of the random access preamble.

[0150] For a non-collision random access procedure, there is a one-to-one correspondence between the index of the random access preamble and the SSB index or CSI-RS index.

[0151] The mapping between the dedicated random access preamble and the RO is defined by another parameter. After the UE obtains the PRACH configuration, it will select the SSB according to the instruction of the gNodeB.

[0152] Therefore, the terminal device can determine the RO based on the SSB identification information, PBCH identification information, or PRACH identification information.

[0153] Taking the determination of the RO by the terminal device based on SSB identification information as an example, during the random access process, the first random access message sent by the terminal device uses Msg1-FDM (Frequency Division Multiplexing) technology. FDM is a multiplexing technology that allows multiple signals to be transmitted simultaneously on different frequencies, thereby improving channel utilization. In 5G NR, FDM can be used to enable multiple users to share the same channel resources, improving data transmission efficiency. The distribution of RO resources may differ depending on the frequency division multiplexing parameters. For example, as shown in Figure 8, Msg1-FDM = 1, where 1 SSB corresponds to 1 RO and 1 random access preamble. For example, as shown in Figure 9, Msg1-FDM = 1, where 1 SSB corresponds to 1 RO and 1 random access preamble. For example, as shown in Figure 10, Msg1-FDM = 2, where 8 SSBs correspond to 1 RO and 1 random access preamble. For example, as shown in Figure 11, Msg1-FDM=2, Msg1-FDM=1, 1 SSB corresponds to 2 ROs and 2 random access preambles.

[0154] In some embodiments, the second information may also indicate the random access preamble that the terminal device needs to send, the number of first random access messages that the terminal device needs to send, the order of the random access preambles expected by the network device, the correspondence between the random access preamble and ROs, the time point information corresponding to the ROs, and the order of the ROs. Different information carried in the second information may affect the processing method of the terminal device, which will be discussed in detail in the following embodiments of this application.

[0155] 1. The network device instructs the terminal device at what time and through which RO to send which random access preamble.

[0156] In other words, the network device instructs the terminal device on the time point when it sends the first random access message, the RO occupied at that time point, and the random access preamble carried in the first random access message. That is, the terminal device does not need to determine the relevant information regarding the transmission status of the first random access message itself; it only needs to execute the steps of sending the first random access message according to the network device's instructions.

[0157] In some embodiments, the second information includes one or more time point information; the RO used to send the first random access message is determined based on one or more time point information. In some embodiments, the second information includes the correspondence between the RO and the random access preamble; the random access preamble in the first random access message is determined based on the RO used to transmit the first random access message and the correspondence between the RO and the random access preamble.

[0158] In some embodiments, the terminal device determines the time domain resources occupied by the RO used to send the first random access message based on the one or more time point information; and determines the random access preamble carried by the first random access message sent on which RO, based on one or more random access preambles and the correspondence between ROs and random access preambles.

[0159] In some embodiments, if the number of transmissions of the first random access message is 1, then the second information may include only one random access preamble, the RO corresponding to the random access preamble, and the time point information corresponding to the first random access message. This can reduce the size of the second information and reduce the power consumption of the second information transmission.

[0160] In some embodiments, if the number of transmissions of the first random access message is 1, the second information may also include multiple random access preambles, the correspondence between RO and multiple random access preambles, and in this case, the second information may only indicate one time point information, which is the time point when the terminal device needs to send the first random access message.

[0161] In some embodiments, if the number of transmissions of the first random access message is greater than 1, the second information includes multiple random access preambles, ROs, the correspondence between the multiple random access preambles, and multiple time point information.

[0162] In some embodiments, the number of first random access messages transmitted is at least 1, and the first information includes acknowledgment information, which is used to acknowledge each first random access message sent by the terminal device.

[0163] In some embodiments, the confirmation information may include identification information of each first random access message sent by the terminal device. This information may be an index of the first random access message, or a random access preamble included in the first random access message, or time point information corresponding to the first random access message, etc. This application does not limit this.

[0164] In some embodiments, the first information may be RRC signaling or PUSCH, and this application does not limit it.

[0165] In some embodiments, after receiving a first random access message from a terminal device, the network device does not send a corresponding response message. For example, if the first random access message is Msg1, the network device does not send Msg2, which carries the RAR. For example, if the first random access message is MsgA, the network device does not send MsgB, which carries both the RAR and PDSCH.

[0166] In some embodiments, after receiving a first random access message from a terminal device, the network device sends a corresponding response message, but the terminal device does not send a PUSCH based on the response message. For example, the first random access message is Msg1, and the network device still sends Msg2 after receiving Msg1, but the terminal device does not send Msg3 after receiving Msg2.

[0167] Next, please refer to Figure 12, and take Msg1 as an example to illustrate the above embodiment.

[0168] The UE / RU(s) will perform msg1 transmission under the network's instruction. The instruction (second information) may include the following information:

[0169] 1. The RO(s) in sequence should be used by the UE (ensure not used by normal UE): including the SSB / PBCH index and PRACH mask index information. A normal UE refers to a UE that normally performs the random access procedure. In this embodiment, the terminal device is used to obtain the training dataset. The terminal device in this embodiment can be selected by the network device from among the terminal devices that have established a communication connection with it, or it can be predefined or pre-configured, or it can be a terminal device specifically used for obtaining the training dataset. This application does not limit this.

[0170] 2. Preamble indexes in sequence from which the network would like to detect information.

[0171] 3. The UE may perform a series of msg1 transmissions if the instruction includes lists of ROs and preamble index pairs. In other words, if the second information indicates multiple random access preambles and their corresponding ROs, the terminal device can send multiple first random access messages.

[0172] 4. The UE expects no RAR information, or performs no msg3 transmission if RAR information is provided.

[0173] 5. The UE sends an RRC signaling message to the network device to confirm whether Msg1 has been sent.

[0174] Using the above method, the network device can instruct the terminal device to send a first random access message for obtaining the training dataset. The network device can instruct the relevant information on the sending status of the first random access message without the terminal device having to determine it itself. This can minimize the collision between the resources occupied by the first random access message and messages sent by other terminal devices.

[0175] 2. The network device instructs the terminal device to send some information related to the random access preamble.

[0176] In some embodiments, the second information includes only a portion of the information described above, and information not indicated in the second information is determined by the terminal device. Several possible scenarios will be illustrated below.

[0177] In some embodiments, if the second information indicates the number of first random access messages transmitted, but does not indicate the RO information of the first random access messages or the random access preamble carried by each first random access message, then the terminal device can determine the RO for sending the first random access messages and the random access preamble carried in the first random access messages on its own. For example, if the second information indicates that the number of first random access messages transmitted is 2, then the terminal device will send the two first random access messages on two freely selected ROs, and the random access preamble carried in the two first random access messages will also be freely determined by the terminal device.

[0178] In some embodiments, the second information includes the order of one or more random access preambles, and the number of first random access messages transmitted is greater than 1. The random access preamble carried in each first random access message is determined by the terminal device according to the order of one or more random access preambles. The RO used to send each first random access message is determined by the terminal device based on the instruction of the network device.

[0179] In some embodiments, if the second information indicates the number of first random access messages transmitted and the order of one or more random access preambles, but does not indicate the RO information of the first random access messages, then the terminal device can determine the RO for sending the first random access messages itself. For example, if the second information indicates that the number of first random access messages transmitted is 5 and indicates the order of the 5 random access preambles, then the terminal device will send the 5 first random access messages on 5 freely selected ROs, and the random access preambles carried in the 5 first random access messages are determined according to the order of the 5 random access preambles.

[0180] In some embodiments, if the second information indicates the RO information of the first random access message but does not indicate the random access preamble carried in the first random access message, then the terminal device can determine the random access preamble carried in the first random access message itself. For example, if the second information indicates that the number of transmissions of the first random access message is 2 and indicates the RO of the two first random access messages, then the terminal device can freely select two random access preambles from one or more random access preambles as the random access preamble carried in the first random access message.

[0181] In some embodiments, the second information includes the order of one or more RO information. The RO used to send each first random access message is determined by the terminal device based on the order of the one or more RO information. In some embodiments, the second information indicates the number of first random access messages to be transmitted and the order of one or more RO information, but does not indicate which specific RO is used to transmit the first random access message. In this case, the terminal device can freely select the RO used to send the first random access message according to the order of the one or more RO information.

[0182] In some embodiments, the second information does not include the correspondence between RO and random access preamble; the random access preamble carried in the first random access message is determined by the terminal device from one or more random access preambles. In some embodiments, if the second information includes the correspondence between RO and random access preamble, then after determining the RO used to send the first random access message, the random access preamble carried in the first random access message can be determined based on the correspondence between RO and random access preamble. In some embodiments, if the second information does not include the correspondence between RO and random access preamble, then the terminal device can freely determine the random access preamble carried in the first random access message from one or more random access preambles.

[0183] In some embodiments, the first information further includes the order of the random access preambles carried in each of the first random access messages. In some embodiments, since some information related to the transmission status of the first random access messages is determined by the terminal device itself, the first information needs to carry the portion of information determined by the terminal device. For example, if the second information does not indicate the RO used to send the first random access message, then the first information includes the RO information corresponding to the first random access message. For example, if the second information does not indicate the random access preamble carried in the first random access message, then the first information includes the random access preamble carried in the first random access message. In some embodiments, the random access preambles carried in the first information are arranged in sequence.

[0184] Next, please refer to Figure 13, taking Msg1 as an example, to illustrate the above embodiment.

[0185] The UE / RU(s) will perform msg1 transmission under the network's instruction. The instruction could include one of the following information or nothing related to transmission parameters:

[0186] 1. The RO(s) in sequence should be used by the UE (ensure not to be used by normal UE): including the SSB / PBCH index and PRACH mask index information.

[0187] 2. Preamble indexes in sequence the network would like to detect information from.

[0188] 3. The UE may perform a series of msg1 transmissions if the number of msg1 transmissions included in the instruction is more than 1.

[0189] 4. The UE expects no RAR information, or no msg3 transmission if RAR information is provided.

[0190] 5. The UE reports its freely chosen parameter(s) of RACH transmission to the network.

[0191] 6. For instance, if the network instructs the UE to perform a 5 msg1 transmission, but no other msg1 transmission-related parameter is configured, then:

[0192] The UE will perform a 5-msg1 transmission on its freely chosen RO, sequentially selecting its freely chosen preamble indexes. After the 5-msg1 transmission, the UE will report its used RO-related parameters (i.e., the SSB / PBCH index and PRACH Mask index information) and preamble indexes sequentially to the network.

[0193] 7. Another example, if the network instructs the UE to perform a 5 msg1 transmission, and the related ROs parameters are to be used in sequence, then:

[0194] The UE will perform 5 msg1 transmissions on the designated RO, using its freely chosen preamble indexes in sequence. After these 5 msg1 transmissions, the UE will report the preamble indexes used in sequence as labels to the network device.

[0195] Using the above method, the network device can instruct the terminal device to send a first random access message for obtaining the training dataset. The network device instructs some relevant information of the first random access message, while the remaining part is determined by the terminal device itself. This can, to a certain extent, avoid the collision between the resources occupied by the first random access message and messages sent by other terminal devices.

[0196] II. Sending based on its own implementation

[0197] In some embodiments, the network device does not indicate information related to the transmission status of the first random access message, and the terminal device sends the first random access message itself and reports information related to the transmission status of the first random access message to the network device.

[0198] In some embodiments, if the network device does not indicate information related to the transmission status of the first random access message, then there is no need to send the second information. However, in order for the network device to obtain information related to the transmission status of the first random access message, the terminal device needs to report to the network device. Therefore, the first information includes RACH-related information.

[0199] In some embodiments, RACH-related information includes at least one of the following:

[0200] The identification information of all cells performing the random access procedure, which includes sending the first random access message;

[0201] RO information corresponding to the first random access message;

[0202] The first random access message carries the random access preamble;

[0203] The time point information refers to the time when the terminal device sends the first random access message.

[0204] In some embodiments, the terminal device may perform a random access procedure on different cells. Therefore, it is necessary to inform the network device of the identification information of the cell on which the random access procedure is performed, so as to assist the network device in obtaining information such as the location of the terminal device.

[0205] In some embodiments, the network device corresponding to the RACH-related information and the receiving device of the first information are in the same PLMN.

[0206] Next, taking Msg1 as an example, the above embodiments will be described by way of example.

[0207] 1. The normal UE performs msg1 transmission and records the RO and preamble related information.

[0208] 2. When the UE finally accesses the network, it will report the RACH-related information to the network. Specifically, the UE should only report the RACH-related information, including the global cell ID of the RACH performed, and the global cell ID of the RACH performed, to the accessed network.

[0209] 3. The NG-RAN node will send the received information to the CN node. Then, the CN node will send the report to each involved cell respectively.

[0210] By using the above method, network devices can perform random access preamble detection and know in real time the density and physical distance distribution of terminal devices that need to perform random access procedures to access the network, thus enabling better adjustment of the distribution of random resources.

[0211] In the above method embodiments, the technical solution of this application has been described and explained only from the perspective of the interaction between the terminal device and the network device. The steps performed by the terminal device described above can be implemented independently as a random access method on the terminal device side, and the steps performed by the network device described above can be implemented independently as a random access method on the network device side. Furthermore, the embodiments provided herein can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments, all of which are within the protection scope of this application.

[0212] The following are embodiments of the apparatus described in this application, which can be used to execute the embodiments of the method described in this application. For details not disclosed in the apparatus embodiments of this application, please refer to the embodiments of the method described in this application.

[0213] Please refer to Figure 14, which shows a block diagram of a random access device provided in one embodiment of this application. This device has the function of implementing the random access method on the terminal device side described above. This function can be implemented in hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The device can be the terminal device described above, or it can be installed within a terminal device. As shown in Figure 14, the device 1400 may include a transmitting module 1410.

[0214] The sending module 1410 is used to send first information, which is used to indicate relevant information about the sending status of the first random access message, and the first random access message carries a random access preamble.

[0215] In some embodiments, the first information is used to assist the network device in constructing a training dataset, the training dataset is used to train an artificial intelligence (AI) model, and the AI ​​model is used to predict the number of terminal devices that initiate random access on the same random access time (RO) based on the first random access message, and / or the timing advance (TA) values ​​corresponding to the terminal devices that initiate random access on the same RO.

[0216] In some embodiments, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0217] Confirmation information, the confirmation information being used to confirm that the terminal device has sent the first random access message;

[0218] The RO information corresponding to the first random access message;

[0219] The first random access message carries a random access preamble;

[0220] The first random access information corresponds to the random access channel (RACH) related information.

[0221] In some embodiments, the device 1400 further includes a receiving module (not shown).

[0222] The receiving module is used to receive second information, which instructs the terminal device to send the first random access message.

[0223] In some embodiments, the second information includes at least one of the following:

[0224] One or more RO information;

[0225] One or more random access preambles;

[0226] The correspondence between RO and random access preamble;

[0227] The order of the one or more random access preambles;

[0228] One or more time point information, wherein the time point information is the time point at which the terminal device sends the first random access message;

[0229] The number of transmissions of the first random access message;

[0230] The order of arrangement of one or more RO information.

[0231] In some embodiments, the RO information is determined by at least one of the following:

[0232] Synchronization signal block (SSB) identification information;

[0233] Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) identification information;

[0234] Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) identification information.

[0235] In some embodiments, the second information includes the one or more time point information; the RO used to send the first random access message is determined based on the one or more time point information.

[0236] In some embodiments, the second information includes the correspondence between the RO and the random access preamble; the random access preamble in the first random access message is determined based on the RO used to transmit the first random access message and the correspondence between the RO and the random access preamble.

[0237] In some embodiments, the second information does not include the correspondence between the RO and the random access preamble; the random access preamble carried in the first random access message is determined by the terminal device from the one or more random access preambles.

[0238] In some embodiments, the number of transmissions of the first random access message is at least 1, and the first information includes confirmation information, which is used to confirm each of the first random access messages sent by the terminal device.

[0239] In some embodiments, the second information includes the arrangement order of the one or more random access preambles, and the number of first random access messages transmitted is greater than 1; the random access preamble carried in each of the first random access messages is determined by the terminal device according to the arrangement order of the one or more random access preambles; the RO used to send each of the first random access messages is determined by the terminal device based on the instruction of the network device.

[0240] In some embodiments, the second information includes the order of the one or more RO information; the RO used to send each of the first random access messages is determined by the terminal device based on the order of the one or more RO information.

[0241] In some embodiments, the first information may further include the order of the random access preambles carried in each of the first random access messages.

[0242] In some embodiments, the RACH-related information includes at least one of the following:

[0243] The identification information of all cells performing the random access procedure, wherein the random access procedure includes sending the first random access message;

[0244] The RO information corresponding to the first random access message;

[0245] The first random access message carries a random access preamble;

[0246] The time point information refers to the time at which the terminal device sends the first random access message.

[0247] In some embodiments, the network device corresponding to the RACH-related information and the receiving device of the first information are located in the same Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN).

[0248] In some embodiments, the sending module 1410 is further configured to send the first random access message.

[0249] In some embodiments, the first random access message is Msg1 or MsgA.

[0250] The technical solution provided in this application embodiment allows the terminal device to report the transmission status of the first random access message to the network device, enabling the network device to collect information related to the random access preamble in the cellular network to generate a training dataset. This training dataset is more realistic, improves the accuracy of the trained AI model, and allows the network device to adjust resource allocation based on the distribution of terminal devices in the cellular network.

[0251] Please refer to Figure 15, which shows a block diagram of a random access device provided in an embodiment of this application. This device has the function of implementing the random access method on the network device side described above. This function can be implemented in hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The device can be the network device described above, or it can be installed within a network device. As shown in Figure 15, the device 1500 may include a receiving module 1510.

[0252] The receiving module 1510 is used to receive first information, which is related to the transmission status of the first random access message, and the first random access message carries a random access preamble.

[0253] In some embodiments, the first information is used to assist the network device in constructing a training dataset, the training dataset is used to train an artificial intelligence (AI) model, and the AI ​​model is used to predict the number of terminal devices that initiate random access on the same random access time (RO) based on the first random access message, and / or the timing advance (TA) values ​​corresponding to the terminal devices that initiate random access on the same RO.

[0254] In some embodiments, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0255] Confirmation information, the confirmation information being used to confirm that the terminal device has sent the first random access message;

[0256] The RO information corresponding to the first random access message;

[0257] The first random access message carries a random access preamble;

[0258] The first random access information corresponds to the random access channel (RACH) related information.

[0259] In some embodiments, the device 1500 further includes a transmitting module (not shown).

[0260] The sending module is used to send second information, which instructs the terminal device to send the first random access message.

[0261] In some embodiments, the second information includes at least one of the following:

[0262] One or more RO information;

[0263] One or more random access preambles;

[0264] The correspondence between RO and random access preamble;

[0265] The order of the one or more random access preambles;

[0266] One or more time point information, wherein the time point information is the time point at which the terminal device sends the first random access message;

[0267] The number of transmissions of the first random access message;

[0268] The order of arrangement of one or more RO information.

[0269] In some embodiments, the RO information is determined by at least one of the following:

[0270] Synchronization signal block (SSB) identification information;

[0271] Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) identification information;

[0272] Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) identification information.

[0273] In some embodiments, the second information includes the one or more time point information; the RO used to send the first random access message is determined based on the one or more time point information.

[0274] In some embodiments, the second information includes the correspondence between the RO and the random access preamble; the random access preamble included in the first random access message is determined based on the RO used to transmit the first random access message and the correspondence between the RO and the random access preamble.

[0275] In some embodiments, the second information does not include the correspondence between the RO and the random access preamble; the random access preamble carried in the first random access message is determined by the terminal device from the one or more random access preambles.

[0276] In some embodiments, the number of transmissions of the first random access message is at least 1, and the first information includes confirmation information, which is used to confirm each of the first random access messages sent by the terminal device.

[0277] In some embodiments, the second information includes the order of the one or more random access preambles, and the number of first random access messages transmitted is greater than 1; the random access preamble included in each of the first random access messages is determined by the terminal device according to the order of the one or more random access preambles; the RO used to send each of the first random access messages is determined by the terminal device based on the instruction of the network device.

[0278] In some embodiments, the second information includes the order of the one or more RO information; the RO used to send each of the first random access messages is determined by the terminal device based on the order of the one or more RO information.

[0279] In some embodiments, the first information may further include the order of the random access preambles carried in each of the first random access messages.

[0280] In some embodiments, the RACH-related information includes at least one of the following:

[0281] The identification information of all cells performing the random access procedure, wherein the random access procedure includes sending the first random access message;

[0282] The RO information corresponding to the first random access message;

[0283] The first random access message carries a random access preamble;

[0284] The time point information refers to the time at which the terminal device sends the first random access message.

[0285] In some embodiments, the network device corresponding to the RACH-related information is located in the same Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) as the device receiving the first information.

[0286] In some embodiments, the receiving module 1510 is further configured to receive the first random access message.

[0287] In some embodiments, the first random access message is Msg1 or MsgA.

[0288] The technical solution provided in this application embodiment allows the terminal device to report the transmission status of the first random access message to the network device, enabling the network device to collect information related to the random access preamble in the cellular network to generate a training dataset. This training dataset is more realistic, improves the accuracy of the trained AI model, and allows the network device to adjust resource allocation based on the distribution of terminal devices in the cellular network.

[0289] It should be noted that the above embodiments only illustrate the division of the above functional modules when implementing the device. In actual applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules according to actual needs, that is, the content structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0290] Regarding the apparatus in the above embodiments, the specific manner in which each module performs its operation has been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be elaborated upon here. For details not described in detail in the apparatus embodiments, please refer to the above method embodiments.

[0291] Please refer to Figure 16, which shows a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in one embodiment of this application. This communication device can be the aforementioned terminal device or network device. The communication device 1600 may include at least one of a processor 1601, a transceiver 1602, and a memory 1603. The processor 1601 is used to implement various processing functions of the communication device 1600, such as generating information to be sent, processing received information, and controlling transmission and / or reception. The transceiver 1602 is used to implement transmission and / or reception functions, such as implementing the functions of the aforementioned transmission module 1410 or the aforementioned reception module 1510.

[0292] The processor 1601 includes one or more processing cores, and the processor 1601 executes various functional applications and information processing by running software programs and modules.

[0293] The transceiver 1602 may include a receiver and a transmitter, for example, the receiver and transmitter may be implemented as the same wireless communication component, which may include a wireless communication chip and a radio frequency antenna.

[0294] The memory 1603 can be connected to the processor 1601 and the transceiver 1602.

[0295] The memory 1603 can be used to store a computer program executed by the processor, and the processor 1601 is used to execute the computer program to implement the various steps in the above method embodiments.

[0296] Optionally, the communication device 1600 is the terminal device described in the above embodiments, and the transceiver 1602 is used to send a first reference signal and / or first information on a first resource, wherein the first reference signal and / or the first information is used by the network device to perform random access to the terminal device.

[0297] Optionally, the communication device 1600 is a network device in the above embodiment, and the transceiver 1602 is used to receive a first reference signal and / or first information on a first resource. The first reference signal and / or the first information is used by the network device to perform random access to the terminal device.

[0298] For details not described in this embodiment, please refer to the embodiments above, which will not be repeated here.

[0299] Furthermore, the memory can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, including but not limited to: magnetic disks or optical disks, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, statically accessible memory, read-only memory, magnetic memory, flash memory, and programmable read-only memory.

[0300] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which is executed by a processor to implement the random access method on the terminal device side or the random access method on the network device side. In some embodiments, the computer-readable storage medium may include ROM (Read-Only Memory), RAM (Random-Access Memory), SSD (Solid State Drives), or optical disc, etc. The random access memory may include ReRAM (Resistance Random Access Memory) and DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory).

[0301] This application also provides a chip, which includes programmable logic circuits and / or program instructions. When the chip is running, it is used to implement the random access method on the terminal device side or the random access method on the network device side.

[0302] This application also provides a computer program product, which includes computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor reads and executes the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium to implement the random access method on the terminal device side or the random access method on the network device side.

[0303] It should be understood that the term "instruction" mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be a direct instruction, an indirect instruction, or an indication of a relationship. For example, A instructing B can mean that A directly instructs B, such as B being able to obtain information through A; it can also mean that A indirectly instructs B, such as A instructing C, so B can obtain information through C; or it can mean that there is a relationship between A and B.

[0304] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "correspondence" may indicate that there is a direct or indirect correspondence between two things, or that there is an association between two things, or that there is a relationship of instruction and being instructed, configuration and being configured, etc.

[0305] In some embodiments of this application, "predefined" can be achieved by pre-storing corresponding codes, tables, or other means that can be used to indicate relevant information in the device (e.g., including terminal devices and network devices). This application does not limit the specific implementation method. For example, predefined can refer to what is defined in the protocol.

[0306] In some embodiments of this application, the term "protocol" may refer to standard protocols in the field of communications, such as BLE protocol, Wi-Fi protocol, and related protocols applied in future communication systems. This application does not limit the scope of these protocols.

[0307] In this article, "multiple" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0308] In this article, "greater than or equal to" can mean greater than or equal to, and "less than or equal to" can mean less than or equal to.

[0309] Furthermore, the step numbers described herein are merely illustrative of one possible execution order between steps. In some other embodiments, the steps may not be executed in the order of their numbers, such as two steps with different numbers being executed simultaneously, or two steps with different numbers being executed in the reverse order of the illustration. This application does not limit this.

[0310] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the functions described in the embodiments of this application in one or more of the above examples can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, these functions can be stored in a computer-readable medium or transmitted as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include computer storage media and communication media, wherein communication media include any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one place to another. Storage media can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0311] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A random access method, characterized in that, The method is executed by a terminal device, and the method includes: Send first information, which is used to indicate relevant information about the sending status of the first random access message, and the first random access message carries a random access preamble.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first information is used to assist network devices in building a training dataset, the training dataset is used to train an artificial intelligence (AI) model, and the AI ​​model is used to predict the number of terminal devices that initiate random access on the same random access time (RO) based on the first random access message, and / or the timing advance (TA) values ​​corresponding to the terminal devices that initiate random access on the same RO.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first information includes at least one of the following: Confirmation information, the confirmation information being used to confirm that the terminal device has sent the first random access message; The RO information corresponding to the first random access message; The first random access message carries a random access preamble; The first random access information corresponds to the random access channel (RACH) related information.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: The second information is received, which instructs the terminal device to send the first random access message.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second information includes at least one of the following: One or more RO information; One or more random access preambles; The correspondence between RO and random access preamble; The order of the one or more random access preambles; One or more time point information, wherein the time point information is the time point at which the terminal device sends the first random access message; The number of transmissions of the first random access message; The order of arrangement of one or more RO information.

6. The method according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that, The RO information is determined by at least one of the following: Synchronization signal block (SSB) identification information; Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) identification information; Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) identification information.

7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The second information includes the one or more time point information; The RO used to send the first random access message is determined based on the one or more time point information.

8. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that, The second information includes the correspondence between the RO and the random access preamble; The random access preamble in the first random access message is determined based on the RO used to transmit the first random access message and the correspondence between the RO and the random access preamble.

9. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that, The second information does not include the correspondence between the RO and the random access preamble; The random access preamble carried in the first random access message is determined by the terminal device from the one or more random access preambles.

10. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that, The number of first random access messages transmitted is at least 1, and the first information includes confirmation information, which is used to confirm that the terminal device has sent each of the first random access messages.

11. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that, The second information includes the order of the one or more random access preambles, and the number of transmissions of the first random access message is greater than 1; The random access preamble carried in each of the first random access messages is determined by the terminal device according to the arrangement order of the one or more random access preambles; The RO used to send each of the first random access messages is determined by the terminal device based on the instruction from the network device.

12. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that, The second information includes the arrangement order of the one or more RO information; The ROs used to send each of the first random access messages are determined by the terminal device based on the arrangement order of the one or more RO information.

13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, The first information also includes the order of the random access preambles carried in each of the first random access messages.

14. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The RACH-related information includes at least one of the following: The identification information of all cells performing the random access procedure, wherein the random access procedure includes sending the first random access message; The RO information corresponding to the first random access message; The first random access message carries a random access preamble; The time point information refers to the time at which the terminal device sends the first random access message.

15. The method according to claim 3 or 14, characterized in that, The network device corresponding to the RACH-related information is in the same Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) as the device receiving the first information.

16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send the first random access message.

17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that, The first random access message is Msg1 or MsgA.

18. A random access method, characterized in that, The method is performed by a network device, and the method includes: Receive first information, which is related to the transmission status of a first random access message, and the first random access message carries a random access preamble.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that, The first information is used to assist the network device in building a training dataset. The training dataset is used to train an artificial intelligence (AI) model. The AI ​​model is used to predict, based on the first random access message, the number of terminal devices that initiate random access on the same random access time (RO), and / or the timing advance (TA) values ​​corresponding to the terminal devices that initiate random access on the same RO.

20. The method according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that, The first information includes at least one of the following: Confirmation information, the confirmation information being used to confirm that the terminal device has sent the first random access message; The RO information corresponding to the first random access message; The first random access message carries a random access preamble; The first random access information corresponds to the random access channel (RACH) related information.

21. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send a second message, which instructs the terminal device to send the first random access message.

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that, The second information includes at least one of the following: One or more RO information; One or more random access preambles; The correspondence between RO and random access preamble; The order of the one or more random access preambles; One or more time point information, wherein the time point information is the time point at which the terminal device sends the first random access message; The number of transmissions of the first random access message; The order of arrangement of one or more RO information.

23. The method according to claim 20 or 22, characterized in that, The RO information is determined by at least one of the following: Synchronization signal block (SSB) identification information; Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) identification information; Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) identification information.

24. The method according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that, The second information includes the one or more time point information; The RO used to send the first random access message is determined based on the one or more time point information.

25. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that, The second information includes the correspondence between the RO and the random access preamble; The random access preamble included in the first random access message is determined based on the RO used to transmit the first random access message and the correspondence between the RO and the random access preamble.

26. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 25, characterized in that, The second information does not include the correspondence between the RO and the random access preamble; The random access preamble carried in the first random access message is determined by the terminal device from the one or more random access preambles.

27. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 26, characterized in that, The number of first random access messages transmitted is at least 1, and the first information includes confirmation information, which is used to confirm that the terminal device has sent each of the first random access messages.

28. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 26, characterized in that, The second information includes the order of the one or more random access preambles, and the number of transmissions of the first random access message is greater than 1; The random access preamble included in each of the first random access messages is determined by the terminal device according to the arrangement order of the one or more random access preambles; The RO used to send each of the first random access messages is determined by the terminal device based on the instruction from the network device.

29. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 26, characterized in that, The second information includes the arrangement order of the one or more RO information; The ROs used to send each of the first random access messages are determined by the terminal device based on the arrangement order of the one or more RO information.

30. The method according to claim 28 or 29, characterized in that, The first information also includes the order of the random access preambles carried in each of the first random access messages.

31. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The RACH-related information includes at least one of the following: The identification information of all cells performing the random access procedure, wherein the random access procedure includes sending the first random access message; The RO information corresponding to the first random access message; The first random access message carries a random access preamble; The time point information refers to the time at which the terminal device sends the first random access message.

32. The method according to claim 20 or 31, characterized in that, The network device corresponding to the RACH-related information is located in the same Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) as the device receiving the first information.

33. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 32, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive the first random access message.

34. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 33, characterized in that, The first random access message is Msg1 or MsgA.

35. A random access device, characterized in that, The device includes: The sending module is used to send first information, which is related to the sending status of a first random access message, and the first random access message carries a random access preamble.

36. A random access device, characterized in that, The device includes: The receiving module is used to receive first information, which is related to the transmission status of a first random access message, and the first random access message carries a random access preamble.

37. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a computer program, the processor executing the computer program to implement the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 17, or to implement the method as claimed in any one of claims 18 to 34.

38. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a computer program that is executed by a processor to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 17, or the method as described in any one of claims 18 to 34.

39. A chip, characterized in that, The chip includes programmable logic circuitry and / or program instructions, which, when the chip is running, are used to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 17, or to implement the method as described in any one of claims 18 to 34.

40. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which a processor reads from and executes to implement the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 17, or the method as claimed in any one of claims 18 to 34.

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