Communication methods, communication device, communication system, storage medium and program product

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to communication methods, a communication device, a communication system, a storage medium and a program product. A communication method comprises: sending first information to a core network device by means of a first access network, wherein the first information comprises information of a sensing capability supported by a terminal, and the first access network is a non-cellular network. Thus, a method for registering, by means of a non-cellular network, a sensing capability supported by a terminal with a core network device is provided, thereby improving the process of sensing capability registration for terminals.

Description

Communication method, communication device, communication system, storage medium and program product TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of communication, and particularly relates to a communication method, a communication device, a communication system, a storage medium and a program product. BACKGROUND

[0002] The rapid development of wireless communication technology and the growing demand for high-quality data transmission have driven the development of advanced communication systems. One promising technology is the integration of sensing and communication, which can bring revolutionary changes to various industries such as automobiles, healthcare and smart cities.

[0003] SUMMARY

[0004] In order to overcome the technical problem that whether a network determines whether a terminal supports a sensing service in the related art, the present disclosure provides a communication method, a communication device, a communication system, a storage medium and a program product.

[0005] The present disclosure provides a communication method, a communication device, a communication system, a storage medium and a program product.

[0006] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a communication method is provided, which is performed by a terminal, and the method comprises:

[0007] sending first information to a core network device through a first access network, the first information comprising sensing capability information supported by the terminal, and the first access network being a non-cellular network.

[0008] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a communication method is provided, which is performed by a core network device, and the method comprises:

[0009] receiving first information sent by a terminal through a first access network, the first information comprising sensing capability information supported by the terminal, and the first access network being a non-cellular network.

[0010] According to a third aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a communication device is provided, which is configured to perform the communication method of the first aspect of the present disclosure or any one of the second aspect of the present disclosure.

[0011] According to a fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a communication system is provided, comprising a terminal and a core network device, wherein the terminal is configured to implement the communication method of any one of the first aspect of the present disclosure, and the core network device is configured to implement the communication method of any one of the second aspect of the present disclosure.

[0012] According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, a storage medium is provided that stores instructions which, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform a communication method as described in either the first or second aspect of the present disclosure.

[0013] According to a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, a program product is provided, comprising at least one of a program and instructions, wherein when the program or instructions are executed by a communication device, they implement the steps of the communication method described in the first aspect of the present disclosure, or when the program or instructions are executed by a communication device, they implement the steps of the communication method described in the second aspect of the present disclosure.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, at least the following beneficial technical effects can be achieved:

[0015] The terminal sends first information, including sensing capability information supported by the terminal, to the core network equipment via a first access network, where the first access network is a non-cellular network. This provides a method for registering the terminal's supported sensing capabilities with the core network equipment via a non-cellular network, thus improving the process for terminal registration of sensing capabilities. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments are introduced below. The following drawings are only some embodiments of this disclosure and do not impose specific limitations on the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0017] Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] Figure 1B is a schematic diagram of the ISAC system architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] Figure 1C is a schematic diagram of a perception system architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 1D is a schematic diagram illustrating the establishment of a control plane between the UE and the N3IWF according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 1E is a schematic diagram illustrating the establishment of a control plane between the UE and the TNGF according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 1F is a schematic diagram illustrating the establishment of a control plane between an N5CW and a WLAN according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 2 is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 3 is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 4A is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 4B is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 4C is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the terminal proposed in the embodiment of this disclosure.

[0029] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a core network device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a communication device 7100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of chip 7200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0032] This disclosure provides a communication method, communication device, communication system, storage medium, and program product.

[0033] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication method executed by a terminal, the method comprising:

[0034] The terminal sends first information to the core network device through a first access network. The first information includes sensing capability information supported by the terminal. The first access network is a non-cellular network.

[0035] In the above embodiments, the process of a terminal registering its supported sensing capabilities with the core network through a non-cellular network is standardized, enabling the terminal to register sensing capability information with the network side.

[0036] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is registration request information, and the method further includes:

[0037] Receive the registration acceptance information sent by the core network device.

[0038] In the above embodiments, the terminal registers its supported sensing capabilities with the core network equipment by carrying sensing capability information in the registration information, and feeds back the registration acceptance information to the terminal to show that the sensing capability information in the core network has been reported to the network side, thus improving the registration interaction process.

[0039] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the core network device includes a first network element and a second network element. The first network element is used to enable the terminal to access the second network element from the first access network, and the second network element is used for mobility and access management. Sending the first information to the core network device includes:

[0040] A secure connection is established with the first network element through the first access network;

[0041] Based on the secure connection, the first information is sent to the first network element.

[0042] In the above embodiments, the first information transmission is carried out through a secure connection established with the first network element, ensuring the security of information interaction during the sensing capability registration process.

[0043] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, sending the first information to the first network element based on the secure connection includes:

[0044] It is confirmed that the terminal has been registered with the core network device;

[0045] Based on the secure connection, the first information is sent to the first network element, and the first information is used to update the terminal's perception capability stored in the core network device.

[0046] In the above embodiments, the terminal sensing capabilities stored in the core network device are updated based on the first information to ensure the accuracy of the sensing capabilities in the core network device.

[0047] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first access network is an access network not trusted by the core network device, the first information is carried through non-access stratum (NAS) information, and the registration acceptance information is NAS registration acceptance information.

[0048] In the above embodiments, the NAS information carrying method is used to transmit interactive information during the sensing capability registration process, which can reduce the dependence on wireless access network resources, thereby improving network efficiency. Furthermore, the NAS information carrying method can ensure information security during the information interaction process.

[0049] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, establishing a secure connection with the first network element through the first access network includes:

[0050] A secure key exchange association is established with the first network element through a key exchange protocol;

[0051] Based on the key exchange security association, a secure connection is established with the first network element.

[0052] In the above embodiments, based on the establishment of a secure key exchange association, the transmission of sensing capability information is carried out to ensure channel security during the registration process and improve information transmission efficiency.

[0053] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, establishing a secure connection with the first network element through the first access network includes:

[0054] Authorization and authentication are performed with the first network element through the first access network;

[0055] Once identity authentication is confirmed to be successful, a secure connection is established with the first network element.

[0056] In the above embodiments, during the process of registering sensing capabilities based on registration information, authorization and authentication are required through the access network to ensure the identities of both communicating parties and guarantee the security of the communication interaction process.

[0057] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the authorization and authentication with the first network element through the first access network includes:

[0058] Send a Network Access Identifier (NAI) to the first access network, wherein the NAI is used to instruct the first access network to send an Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA) request to the first network element based on the NAI;

[0059] The system receives authentication feedback information sent by the first network element through the first access network.

[0060] In the above embodiments, authorization and authentication are based on NAI, and communication and interaction during the perception capability registration process are based on NAI and AAA mechanisms, providing a secure, reliable and efficient network environment, while also protecting user privacy and the security of network resources.

[0061] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first access network is an access network trusted by the core network device, and the first information is carried through non-access stratum data unit (NAS-PDU) information.

[0062] In the above embodiments, by using the NAS-PDU to carry registration request information, more secure, efficient and reliable communication can be provided in a trusted network, ensuring communication security during the terminal's sensing capability registration process.

[0063] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the terminal is a terminal that does not support non-access layer communication via a wireless local area network access network, the first access network is an access network trusted by the core network device, and both the first information and the registration acceptance information are carried through first interface information, the first interface being the interface between the first network element and the second network element.

[0064] In the above embodiments, the registration of sensing capabilities through the first interface improves the sensing capability registration process of the terminal based on the non-access stratum terminal and ensures complete information transmission.

[0065] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the core network device includes a first network element and a second network element. The first network element is used to enable the terminal to access the second network element from the first access network, and the second network element is used for mobility and access management. Sending the first information to the core network device includes:

[0066] It has been determined that the terminal and the core network equipment have established a user plane;

[0067] Based on the user plane, the first information is sent to the first network element.

[0068] In the above embodiments, when it is determined that the terminal and the core network equipment have established a user plane, the terminal sends sensing capability information to the first network element based on the user plane to improve the registration process of the terminal's sensing capability.

[0069] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the sensing capability information includes at least one of the following:

[0070] A perception indicator, which indicates whether the terminal supports perception services;

[0071] The sensing function includes at least one of the following: a transmitter and a receiver;

[0072] Aware wireless access technology (RAT) includes at least one of the following: a preset standard access technology and a non-preset standard access technology.

[0073] Perception patterns;

[0074] The perception plane includes at least one of the following: a control plane, a user plane, a data plane, and a sensing plane;

[0075] Sensing method information, which includes at least one of the following: Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Observation Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA), Transport Block Size (TBS), Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA), Departure Angle (AoD), Arrival Angle (AoA), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), Bluetooth, LiDAR, radar, and sonar.

[0076] The perceived service performance includes at least one of the following: latency, perceived measurement resolution, service quality, perceived service priority, perceived time period, perceived measurement type, start time, end time, and validity period of perceived results;

[0077] The sensing measurement type includes at least one of the following: position, distance, angle, speed, recognition, detection, reconstruction, imaging, tracking, and monitoring;

[0078] The sensing measurement parameters include at least one of the following: position, distance, speed, angle accuracy, sensing frequency, bandwidth, time-frequency resource block, number of antennas, refresh rate, maximum sensing delay, false alarm probability, reconstruction accuracy, imaging accuracy, and confidence level.

[0079] Sensing data processing capability, which is used to indicate the terminal's ability to compute sensing data.

[0080] In the above embodiments, the information types of sensing capability information in the terminal are defined, so that the core network device can configure corresponding sensing tasks to the terminal based on the sensing capability information reported by the terminal.

[0081] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication method, characterized in that it is executed by a core network device, the method comprising:

[0082] The receiving terminal sends first information through a first access network, the first information including sensing capability information supported by the terminal, and the first access network is a non-cellular network.

[0083] In the above embodiments, the process of a terminal registering its supported sensing capabilities with the core network through a non-cellular network is standardized, enabling the terminal to register sensing capability information with the network side.

[0084] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is registration request information, and the method further includes:

[0085] Based on the first information, a registration acceptance message is sent to the terminal.

[0086] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the core network device includes a first network element and a second network element. The first network element is used to enable the terminal to access the second network element from the first access network. The second network element is used for mobility and access management. The first information sent by the receiving terminal through the first access network includes:

[0087] A secure connection is established between the terminal and the first network element through the first access network;

[0088] Based on the secure connection, the first information sent by the terminal is received.

[0089] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, receiving the first information sent by the terminal based on the secure connection includes:

[0090] It is confirmed that the terminal has been registered with the core network device;

[0091] Based on the first information, update the perception capabilities of the terminal stored in the core network device.

[0092] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, sending registration acceptance information to the terminal based on the first information includes:

[0093] The first network element sends the first information to the second network element;

[0094] The second network element performs authorization authentication on the terminal based on the first information, determines that the terminal is authorized, and sends the registration acceptance information to the first network element;

[0095] The first network element sends the registration acceptance information to the terminal based on the secure connection.

[0096] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0097] The second network element stores the sensing capability information in the context corresponding to the terminal based on the first information.

[0098] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the core network device includes a third network element, the third network element being used for user data management, and the method further includes:

[0099] The second network element sends the first information to the third network element;

[0100] The third network element stores the terminal's sensing capability information based on the first information.

[0101] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first access network is an access network not trusted by the core network device, the first information is carried through NAS data information, and the registration acceptance information is NAS registration acceptance information.

[0102] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, establishing a secure connection between the terminal and the first network element through the first access network includes:

[0103] A secure key exchange association is established with the terminal through the first network element;

[0104] Based on the key exchange security association, a secure connection is established between the terminal and the first network element.

[0105] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, establishing a secure connection between the terminal and the first network element through the first access network includes:

[0106] The terminal is authorized and authenticated through the first network element;

[0107] Once the terminal identity authentication is successful, a secure connection is established between the terminal and the first network element.

[0108] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the authorization and authentication of the terminal through the first network element includes:

[0109] The first network element receives the AAA request sent by the terminal through the first access network;

[0110] Based on the AAA request, authentication feedback information is sent to the terminal.

[0111] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first access network is an access network trusted by the core network device, and the first information is carried through NAS-PDU information.

[0112] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the terminal is a terminal that does not support non-access layer communication via a wireless local area network access network, the first access network is an access network trusted by the core network device, and both the first information and the registration acceptance information are carried through first interface information, the first interface being the interface between the first network element and the second network element.

[0113] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the core network device includes a first network element and a second network element. The first network element is used to enable the terminal to access the second network element from the first access network. The second network element is used for mobility and access management. The first information sent by the receiving terminal through the first access network includes:

[0114] Based on the first access network, it is determined that the terminal and the core network equipment have established a user plane;

[0115] Based on the user plane, the first information sent by the terminal is received.

[0116] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the sensing capability information includes at least one of the following:

[0117] A perception indicator, which indicates whether the terminal supports perception services;

[0118] The sensing function includes at least one of the following: a transmitter and a receiver;

[0119] The perceived RAT includes at least one of the following: a preset standard access technology and a non-preset standard access technology;

[0120] Perception patterns;

[0121] The perception plane includes at least one of the following: a control plane, a user plane, a data plane, and a sensing plane;

[0122] Sensing mode information, which includes at least one of the following: GNSS, OTDOA, TBS, TDOA, AoD, AoA, WLAN, Bluetooth, lidar, radar, sonar;

[0123] The perceived service performance includes at least one of the following: latency, perceived measurement resolution, service quality, perceived service priority, perceived time period, perceived measurement type, start time, end time, and validity period of perceived results;

[0124] The sensing measurement type includes at least one of the following: position, distance, angle, speed, recognition, detection, reconstruction, imaging, tracking, and monitoring;

[0125] The sensing measurement parameters include at least one of the following: position, distance, speed, angle accuracy, sensing frequency, bandwidth, time-frequency resource block, number of antennas, refresh rate, maximum sensing delay, false alarm probability, reconstruction accuracy, imaging accuracy, and confidence level.

[0126] Sensing data processing capability, which is used to indicate the terminal's ability to compute sensing data.

[0127] Thirdly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication device for performing the communication method described in any one of the first or second aspects of this disclosure.

[0128] Fourthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication system including a terminal and a core network device, wherein the terminal is configured to implement the communication method described in any one of the first aspects of this disclosure, and the core network device is configured to implement the communication method described in any one of the second aspects of this disclosure.

[0129] Fifthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform a communication method as described in either the first or second aspect of this disclosure.

[0130] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a program product comprising at least one of a program and instructions, wherein when the program or instructions are executed by a communication device, they implement the steps of the communication method described in the second aspect of this disclosure, or when the program or instructions are executed by a communication device, they implement the steps of the communication method described in the third aspect of this disclosure.

[0131] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a terminal, which includes at least one of a transceiver module and a processing module; wherein the terminal is used to execute an optional implementation of the first aspect.

[0132] Eighthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a core network device, which includes at least one of a transceiver module and a processing module; wherein the core network device is used to perform an optional implementation of the second aspect.

[0133] In a ninth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a terminal, which includes one or more processors; wherein the terminal is used to execute an optional implementation of the first aspect.

[0134] In a tenth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a core network device, which includes one or more processors; wherein the core network device is used to execute an optional implementation of the second aspect.

[0135] Eleventhly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication system comprising: a terminal and a core network device; wherein the terminal is configured to perform the method described in the optional implementation of the first aspect, and the core network device is configured to perform the method described in the optional implementation of the second aspect.

[0136] In a twelfth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the method as described in the optional implementations of the first and second aspects.

[0137] In a thirteenth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a program product that, when executed by a communication device, causes the communication device to perform the method as described in the optional implementations of the first and second aspects.

[0138] In a fourteenth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the methods described in alternative implementations of the first and second aspects.

[0139] In a fifteenth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a chip or chip system. The chip or chip system includes processing circuitry configured to perform the methods described according to optional implementations of the first and second aspects above.

[0140] It is understood that the aforementioned terminals, core network equipment, communication systems, storage media, program products, computer programs, chips, or chip systems are all used to execute the methods proposed in the embodiments of this disclosure. Therefore, the beneficial effects they can achieve can be referred to the beneficial effects in the corresponding methods, and will not be repeated here.

[0141] This disclosure provides communication methods, communication devices, communication systems, storage media, and program products. In some embodiments, terms such as information processing method and communication method can be used interchangeably, as can terms such as information processing device and communication device, and terms such as information processing system and communication system.

[0142] This disclosure is not exhaustive, but merely illustrative of some embodiments, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure. Unless otherwise specified, each step in a particular embodiment can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the steps can be arbitrarily combined. For example, a solution after removing some steps in a particular embodiment can also be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the order of the steps in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily interchanged. Furthermore, the optional implementation methods in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined; moreover, the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, for example, some or all steps of different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementation methods of other embodiments.

[0143] In each of the disclosed embodiments, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of the embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. Technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships.

[0144] The terminology used in the embodiments of this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure.

[0145] In this embodiment of the disclosure, unless otherwise stated, elements expressed in the singular form, such as "a," "an," "the," "the," "the," "the," "the," "the," "this," etc., can mean "one and only one," or "one or more," "at least one," etc. For example, when using articles such as "a," "an," "the," etc. in translation, the noun following the article can be understood as either a singular expression or a plural expression.

[0146] In the embodiments disclosed herein, "multiple" refers to two or more.

[0147] In some embodiments, the terms “at least one (at least one item, at least one)”, “one or more”, “a plurality of”, “multiple”, etc., may be used interchangeably.

[0148] In some embodiments, the notation "at least one of A and B", "A and / or B", "A in one case, B in another", "in response to one case A, in response to another case B", etc., may include the following technical solutions depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (execute A regardless of B); in some embodiments, B (execute B regardless of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed); in some embodiments, A and B (both A and B are executed). The same applies when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0149] In some embodiments, the notation "A or B" may include the following technical solutions, depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (execution of A regardless of B); in some embodiments, B (execution of B regardless of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed). The same applies when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0150] The prefixes "first," "second," etc., used in the embodiments of this disclosure are merely for distinguishing different descriptive objects and do not impose restrictions on the position, order, priority, quantity, or content of the descriptive objects. The description of the descriptive objects is found in the claims or the context of the embodiments, and the use of prefixes should not constitute unnecessary restrictions. For example, if the descriptive object is a "field," the ordinal numbers preceding "field" in "first field" and "second field" do not restrict the position or order of the "fields." "First" and "second" do not restrict whether the "fields" they modify are in the same message, nor do they restrict the order of "first field" and "second field." Similarly, if the descriptive object is a "level," the ordinal numbers preceding "level" in "first level" and "second level" do not restrict the priority between "levels." Furthermore, the number of descriptive objects is not limited by ordinal numbers and can be one or more. For example, in "first device," the number of "devices" can be one or more. Furthermore, the objects modified by different prefixes can be the same or different. For example, if the object being described is "device", then "first device" and "second device" can be the same device or different devices, and their types can be the same or different. Similarly, if the object being described is "information", then "first information" and "second information" can be the same information or different information, and their content can be the same or different.

[0151] In some embodiments, “including A,” “containing A,” “for indicating A,” and “carrying A” can be interpreted as directly carrying A or indirectly indicating A.

[0152] In some embodiments, the terms “in response to…”, “in response to determining…”, “in the case of…”, “when…”, “if…”, “if…”, etc., can be used interchangeably.

[0153] In some embodiments, the terms “greater than,” “greater than or equal to,” “not less than,” “more than,” “more than or equal to,” “not less than,” “higher than,” “higher than or equal to,” “not lower than,” and “above” can be used interchangeably, as can the terms “less than,” “less than or equal to,” “not greater than,” “less than,” “less than or equal to,” “not more than,” “lower than,” “lower than or equal to,” “not higher than,” and “below”.

[0154] In some embodiments, the apparatus and device may be interpreted as physical or virtual, and their names are not limited to the names recorded in the embodiments. In some cases, they may also be understood as "equipment", "device", "circuit", "network element", "node", "function", "unit", "section", "system", "network", "chip", "chip system", "entity", "body", etc.

[0155] In some embodiments, "network" can be interpreted as devices included in the network, such as access network devices, core network devices, etc.

[0156] In some embodiments, "access network device (AN device)" may also be referred to as "radio access network device (RAN device)," "base station (BS)," "radio base station," or "fixed station." In some embodiments, it may also be understood as "node," "access point," "transmission point (TP)," "reception point (RP)," "transmission / reception point (TRP)," "panel," "antenna panel," "antenna array," "cell," "macro cell," "small cell," "femto cell," "pico cell," "sector," "cell group," "serving cell," "carrier," "component carrier," or "bandwidth part (BWP)."

[0157] In some embodiments, "terminal" or "terminal device" may be referred to as "user equipment (UE)," "user terminal," "mobile station (MS)," "mobile terminal (MT)," "subscriber station," "mobile unit," "subscriber unit," "wireless unit," "remote unit," "mobile device," "wireless device," "wireless communication device," "remote device," "mobile subscriber station," "access terminal," "mobile terminal," "wireless terminal," "remote terminal," "handset," "user agent," "mobile client," "client," etc.

[0158] In some embodiments, the acquisition of data, information, etc., may comply with the laws and regulations of the country where the location is situated.

[0159] In some embodiments, data, information, etc., may be obtained with the user's consent.

[0160] Furthermore, each element, each row, or each column in the table of this disclosure can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and any combination of any element, any row, or any column can also be implemented as an independent embodiment.

[0161] Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1A, the communication system 100 includes a terminal 101 and a core network device 102.

[0162] In some embodiments, terminal 101 includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: mobile phone, wearable device, Internet of Things device, car with communication function, smart car, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver function, virtual reality (VR) terminal device, augmented reality (AR) terminal device, wireless terminal device in industrial control, wireless terminal device in self-driving, wireless terminal device in remote medical surgery, wireless terminal device in smart grid, wireless terminal device in transportation safety, wireless terminal device in smart city, and wireless terminal device in smart home.

[0163] In some embodiments, the technical solutions of this disclosure can be applied to the Open RAN architecture. In this case, the interfaces between or within access network devices involved in the embodiments of this disclosure can be transformed into internal interfaces of Open RAN. The processes and information interactions between these internal interfaces can be implemented by software or programs.

[0164] In some embodiments, the access network device may be composed of a central unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU). The CU may also be called a control unit. The CU-DU structure can separate the protocol layer of the access network device. Some of the protocol layer functions are centrally controlled by the CU, while the remaining part or all of the protocol layer functions are distributed in the DU and centrally controlled by the CU. However, this is not the only possibility.

[0165] In some embodiments, the core network device 102 may be a single device, including a first network element 1021, a second network element 1022, a third network element 1023, etc., or it may be multiple devices or a group of devices, each including all or part of the first network element 1021, the second network element 1022, the third network element 1023, etc. Network elements may be virtual or physical. The core network may include, for example, at least one of the Evolved Packet Core (EPC), the 5G Core Network (5GCN), and the Next Generation Core (NGC).

[0166] It is understood that the communication system described in this disclosure is for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of this disclosure, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions proposed in this disclosure. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of system architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions proposed in this disclosure are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0167] The following embodiments of this disclosure can be applied to the communication system 100 shown in FIG1A, or to some of the main bodies, but are not limited thereto. The main bodies shown in FIG1A are illustrative. The communication system may include all or some of the main bodies in FIG1A, or it may include other main bodies outside of FIG1A. The number and form of each main body are arbitrary. Each main body may be physical or virtual. The connection relationship between the main bodies is illustrative. The main bodies may not be connected or may be connected. The connection can be in any way, it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection, it can be a wired connection or a wireless connection.

[0168] The embodiments disclosed herein can be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G new radio (NR), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), and IEEE 802.20, Ultra-Wideband (UWB), Bluetooth (a registered trademark), Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) networks, Device-to-Device (D2D) systems, Machine-to-Machine (M2M) systems, Internet of Things (IoT) systems, Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) systems, systems utilizing other communication methods, and next-generation systems built upon them. Furthermore, multiple systems can be combined (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A with 5G).

[0169] Figure 1B is a schematic diagram of an ISAC system architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1B, the ISAC system contains various different roles, including:

[0170] Sensing object or sensing environment: The target object of the sensing information, which is not within the scope of 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project);

[0171] Transmitter: A device that transmits radio signals to a target object, such as a UE or gNB;

[0172] Receiver: A device that detects perceived information based on radio signals reflected from a target object, such as a UE or gNB;

[0173] Processor: A device that collects and processes sensing information to generate sensing results, such as UE, gNB, core network entity or application server, etc.

[0174] Consumers: Authorized devices that request or subscribe to sensor information and consume the output results calculated from the sensed information, such as UE applications, ISAC (Integrated Sensing and Communication) service application servers, core network entities, or RAN (Radio Access Network) nodes.

[0175] For the target object, the perception results may include the target object's shape, size, orientation, velocity, position, distance, or relative motion between objects (e.g., relative motion between the target object and the sensing signal receiver). For the target environment, the perception results may include parameters describing the environment's space or state. Furthermore, the perception results may be semi-processed data, rather than the final perception results.

[0176] Figure 1C is a schematic diagram of a sensing system architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1C, in this sensing system architecture, the SF (Sensing Function) network element includes an SF-C (Sensing Function Control Plane) network element and an SF-U (Sensing Function User Plane) network element. The SF network element sends and transmits sensing information and collects and processes sensing measurement data. The SDMF (Sensing Data Management Function) network element can store sensing data and, in certain circumstances, can recover the data to improve the energy efficiency of the UE. The sensing data stored in the SDMF can be shared with the SF network element.

[0177] Figure 1D is a schematic diagram illustrating the establishment of a control plane between a UE and an N3IWF according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1D, based on this communication method, a signaling IPsec SA (IP Security Association) connection can be established between the UE (User Equipment) and the N3IWF (Non-3GPP InterWorking Function). The UE and the N3IWF can then communicate and interact based on this IPsec SA connection.

[0178] Figure 1E is a schematic diagram illustrating the establishment of a control plane between the UE and the TNGF according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1E, based on this communication method, a communication connection (NWt) can be established between the UE and the TNGF (Trusted Non-3GPP Gateway Function) for access to the 5G system via a trusted non-3GPP IP-based Core Network, and direct communication between the UE and the TNGF can be realized based on this control plane.

[0179] Figure 1F is a schematic diagram illustrating the establishment of a control plane between an N5CW and a WLAN according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1F, based on this communication method, an N5CW (Non-5G-Capable over WLAN) can access the network through a WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network).

[0180] In some embodiments, when a UE connects to the core network via a non-cellular network (e.g., a non-3GPP access network, satellite network, short-range wireless communication network, etc.) for a sensing service, the network side cannot determine whether the UE has specified a sensing service or the types of sensing services supported by the UE. This prevents the terminal from registering its sensing capabilities with the core network equipment via the non-cellular network. Therefore, this embodiment first defines the sensing capability information supported by the UE and proposes a method for the UE to register its sensing capabilities with the core network equipment via a non-cellular network.

[0181] Figure 2 is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 2, the embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a communication method, which includes:

[0182] In step S2101, the terminal sends first information to the core network device through the first access network.

[0183] In some embodiments, the core network device receives first information.

[0184] In some embodiments, the first information includes sensing capability information supported by the terminal.

[0185] In some embodiments, the first access network is a non-cellular network, for example, a non-3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) network. A non-3GPP network is a network whose specifications are not defined by the 3GPP standardization organization; that is, the non-3GPP network does not follow the technical standards set by 3GPP for mobile communication systems. For example, the non-3GPP network may include: (1) a WLAN network: a wireless local area network, commonly such as a Wi-Fi network, which uses the IEEE 802.11 standard instead of the 3GPP standard. WLAN networks are typically used to provide wireless internet access within a local area; (2) HRPD (High Rate Packet Data) network: a high-speed wireless data communication technology, an evolution of CDMA2000, used to provide high-speed data services; (3) WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) network: a wireless metropolitan area network (WMAN) technology that provides broadband wireless access services; (4) Satellite communication networks: including geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO), middle Earth Orbit (MEO), and low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks, which provide global communication services, especially in remote areas or marine environments; (5) DECT (Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications) network: a digital communication standard for wireless telephony, mainly used for wireless communication within homes and small businesses; (6) LoRaWAN (Long Range WAN) network: used for long-distance communication of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, it uses LoRa (Long Range WAN) technology. Range modulation technology; (7) Bluetooth and Zigbee: typically used for short-range wireless communication, such as connecting headphones, speakers, smart home devices, etc.

[0186] In some embodiments, when a terminal needs to access a core network device based on a non-cellular network and reports its sensing capabilities to the core network device, it can send first information to the network device, which includes sensing capability information supported by the terminal.

[0187] In some embodiments, the first information is used to indicate the sensing capabilities supported by the terminal.

[0188] In some embodiments, the name of the first information is not limited, and it may be, for example, "registration information", "sensory capability registration information", "sensory capability information", etc.

[0189] In some embodiments, when a terminal needs to access a core network device and is initially accessing the core network device via a first access network, it can send first information to the core network device through the first access network. Optionally, the terminal can also send first information to the core network device via the first access network when it determines that it needs the core network device to provide sensing services. Optionally, the terminal can also send first information to the core network device based on the established user plane when it determines that the core network device has already established a user plane.

[0190] In some embodiments, the perception capability information includes at least one of the following:

[0191] Perception indicator: The perception indicator is used to indicate whether the terminal supports perception services.

[0192] Sensing function, which includes at least one of the following: transmitter, receiver;

[0193] Aware wireless access technology (RAT) includes at least one of the following: a preset standard access technology and a non-preset standard access technology.

[0194] Perception patterns;

[0195] The perception plane includes at least one of the following: control plane, user plane, data plane, and sensing plane.

[0196] Sensing method information, which includes at least one of the following: Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Observation Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA), Transport Block Size (TBS), Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA), Angle of Departure (AoD), Angle of Arrival (AoA), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), Bluetooth, LiDAR, radar, and sonar.

[0197] The perceived service performance includes at least one of the following: latency, perceived measurement resolution, service quality, perceived service priority, perceived time period, perceived measurement type, start time, end time, and validity period of perceived results.

[0198] Sensing measurement types include at least one of the following: position, distance, angle, speed, recognition, detection, reconstruction, imaging, tracking, and monitoring;

[0199] Sensing measurement parameters include at least one of the following: position, distance, velocity, angular accuracy, sensing frequency, bandwidth, time-frequency resource block, number of antennas, refresh rate, maximum sensing delay, false alarm probability, false alarm probability, reconstruction accuracy, imaging accuracy, and confidence level.

[0200] Sensing data processing capability refers to the terminal's ability to compute sensing data.

[0201] For example, the perception capability information reported by the terminal to the core network equipment may include at least one of the following:

[0202] (1) Perception indication information: used to indicate whether the terminal supports perception service. If the terminal determines that it currently supports perception service, the corresponding perception capability information includes at least one of the following; if the terminal determines that it does not support perception service, the perception capability information reported by the terminal does not include any of the following.

[0203] (2) Sensing Role: This refers to the sensing role played by the terminal when supporting sensing services. The sensing role includes at least one of the following: transmitter, receiver, processor, or consumer;

[0204] (3) Aware RAT: used to indicate the radio access technologies supported by the terminal, including 3GPP communication technologies and / or non-3GPP communication technologies;

[0205] (4) Perception Mode: A perception mode used to indicate the perception services supported by the terminal. The perception mode may include at least one of the following: A sends, B receives; A sends, A receives. For example, in some embodiments, the perception mode may also include a specific time or period, that is, a perception mode supported by the terminal during that specific time period, and a perception mode supported by the terminal periodically.

[0206] (5) Perception plane: used to indicate the data plane used when the terminal supports perception services and performs perception data interaction. The perception plane includes at least one of the following: control plane, user plane, data plane and sensing plane;

[0207] (6) Sensing Method Information: This indicates the sensing methods supported by the terminal, that is, the communication method on which the terminal performs sensing. It includes at least one of the following: GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System), OTDOA (Observed Time Difference of Arrival), TBS (Transport Block Size), TDOA (Time Difference of Arrival), AoD (Angle of Departure), AoA (Angle of Arrival), WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network), Bluetooth, LiDAR, radar, and sonar.

[0208] (7) Perceived service performance, used to indicate the maximum perceived service performance supported by the terminal when performing a perceived service. For example, the perceived service performance may include at least one of the following: latency, perceived measurement resolution, quality of service, perceived service priority, perceived time period, perceived measurement type, start time, end time, and validity period of perceived results;

[0209] (8) Perception Measurement Type, used to indicate the types of objects that the terminal can perceive when it supports perception services. For example, the perception measurement type includes at least one of the following: position, distance, angle, speed, recognition, detection, reconstruction, imaging, tracking, and monitoring;

[0210] (9) Sensing measurement parameters, used to indicate the parameter information that the terminal can measure during the execution of sensing services. For example, the sensing measurement parameters include at least one of the following: position, distance, speed, angular accuracy, sensing frequency, bandwidth, time-frequency resource block, number of antennas, refresh rate, maximum sensing delay, false alarm probability, false alarm probability, reconstruction accuracy, imaging accuracy, and confidence level;

[0211] (10) Sensing data processing capability, used to indicate the terminal's ability to process sensing data locally. For example, if the terminal has sensing data processing capability, it can indicate the sensing data computing power supported by the terminal, such as: Flops (floating-point operations per second) and Ops (Operations Per Second).

[0212] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first information is registration request information. That is, during the process of the terminal registering with the core network device through the first access network, the terminal carries the sensing capability information supported by the terminal in the registration request information. When the core network device determines that the terminal has authorized the terminal to register with the core network device based on the registration request information, it stores the sensing capability information supported by the terminal in the network element corresponding to the core network device. Therefore, it provides sensing services to the terminal or invokes the terminal to perform sensing based on this sensing capability information.

[0213] Optionally, in some embodiments, the core network equipment includes a first network element and a second network element. The first network element is used to enable a terminal to access the second network element from a first access network. The second network element is used for mobility and access management.

[0214] For example, the second network element could be an AMF (Authentication Management Function) network element, while the first network element is a key component in the communication system used to support non-cellular network connections to core network equipment. It serves as a bridge between the non-cellular network and core network equipment, allowing the terminal to connect to the core network equipment via the non-cellular network. This determines whether the terminal can utilize the services and functions of the core network.

[0215] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first network element is configured in the core network equipment. This first network element can be an N3IWF (Non-3GPP Interworking Function), a TNGF (Trusted Non-3GPP Gateway Function), or a TWIF (Trusted WLAN Interworking Function) network element. Correspondingly, when the first network element is an N3IWF network element, the non-cellular network is a non-3GPP access network not trusted by the core network equipment; when the first network element is a TNGF network element, the non-cellular network is a trusted non-3GPP access network; when the first network element is a TWIF network element, the non-cellular network is a trusted non-3GPP access network, and in this case, the terminal is an N5CW (Non-5G-Capable over WLAN) device.

[0216] Optionally, in some embodiments, step S2101 above includes:

[0217] The terminal establishes a secure connection with the first network element through the first access network;

[0218] The terminal sends the first information to the first network element based on a secure connection.

[0219] For example, for core network equipment, the first access network is a non-protocol-based authentication access network. When a terminal accesses the core network equipment through this first access network, the core network equipment needs to verify the terminal's security. Once the core network equipment determines successful authorization based on the terminal's relevant information, it establishes a secure connection with the terminal through the first network element, thereby enabling direct communication between the terminal and the corresponding first network element in the core network equipment. The terminal can then send first information to the first network element based on this secure connection.

[0220] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first access network is a non-cellular network not trusted by the core network equipment. For example, the first access network is a non-3GPP access network, and the first network element is an N3IWF network element. The above step "the terminal establishes a secure connection with the first network element through the first access network" includes:

[0221] The terminal establishes a secure key exchange association with the first network element based on a key exchange protocol;

[0222] The terminal establishes a secure connection with the first network element based on a secure key exchange association.

[0223] For example, the terminal initiates an initial IKE (Internet Key Exchange) exchange based on a key exchange protocol, establishing a secure key exchange association with the selected N3IWF. This secure key exchange association can be an IPsec SA. Based on this IPsec SA, a secure connection is established between the first network element and the terminal. This allows direct communication between the terminal and the first network element based on this secure connection.

[0224] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first access network is a non-cellular network trusted by the core network equipment. For example, the first access network is a TNAP (Trusted Non-3GPP Access Point), the first network element is a TNGF network element, or the terminal is an N5CW, the first access network is a TWAP (Trusted WLAN AAA Peer), and the first network element is a TWIF (Trusted WLAN Interworking Function) network element. The above step "the terminal establishes a secure connection with the first network element through the first access network" includes:

[0225] The terminal performs authorization and authentication with the first network element through the first access network;

[0226] Once the terminal confirms successful identity authentication, it establishes a secure connection with the first network element.

[0227] For example, in this embodiment, during the authentication process initiated by the terminal towards the first network element, it can activate the EAP (Extensive Authentication Protocol) program. Based on this EAP program, it provides the TNAP with the terminal's corresponding NAI (Network Access Identifier), thereby triggering TNAP or TWAP to send an authorization request to the first network element based on the terminal's NAI. This authorization request includes the terminal's corresponding NAI. Based on the authorization request, the first network element performs authorization authentication on the terminal, determines whether to authorize the establishment of a secure connection with the terminal, and sends authentication information back to the terminal based on the first access network. After the terminal confirms successful authentication based on the authentication information, it establishes a secure connection with the first network element.

[0228] Alternatively, in some embodiments, when the first access network is an access network not trusted by the core network equipment, the first information is carried through NAS information.

[0229] Optionally, in some embodiments, the above step "the terminal performs authorization authentication with the first network element through the first access network" includes:

[0230] Send a Network Access Identifier (NAI) to the first access network. The NAI is used to instruct the first access network to send an Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA) request to the first network element based on the NAI.

[0231] The system receives authentication feedback information sent by the first network element through the first access network.

[0232] For example, in this embodiment, after the terminal initiates the EAP procedure, the terminal provides its corresponding NAI to the first access network, triggering the first access network to send an AAA (Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting) request to the first network element based on the NAI. The first network element determines whether to authorize the terminal to establish a secure connection based on the AAA request and sends authentication feedback information to the terminal through the first access network. At this time, the first network element acts as the terminal's AAA proxy during the authentication process.

[0233] Optionally, in some embodiments, when the first access network is an access network trusted by the core network equipment, the first information can be carried through the first interface information, where the first interface is the interface between the first network element and the second network element. For example, the first interface is the N2 interface.

[0234] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first access network is an access network trusted by the core network equipment, the terminal is an N5CW device, and the aforementioned first information can be carried by NAS-PDU (Network Access Stratum Protocol Data Unit) information.

[0235] Optionally, in some embodiments, step S2101 above includes:

[0236] The terminal has confirmed that a user plane has been established with the core network equipment.

[0237] The terminal sends the first information to the first network element based on the user plane.

[0238] For example, in this embodiment, the terminal can be an N5CW, the first access network is TWAP, and the first network element is a TWIF network element. Before step S2101 above, the terminal initiates a registration request to the core network device through the first access network based on the registration request information, registers with the core network device, and establishes a user plane with the core network device after registration. Based on this user plane, direct communication between the terminal and the core network device can be realized. When it is determined that a user plane has been established between the terminal and the core network device, based on this user plane, the terminal directly sends first information to the first network element, which includes the sensing capability information supported by the terminal. Thus, the terminal can report the sensing capability information supported by the terminal to the core network device based on the established user plane.

[0239] In step S2102, the core network device receives the first information.

[0240] For example, after receiving the first information, the core network device registers the terminal based on the first information and registers the perception capability information reported by the terminal into each NF network element.

[0241] Optionally, in some embodiments, the core network device includes a first network element and a second network element, and the above step S2102 includes:

[0242] The first network element sends the first information to the second network element;

[0243] The second network element performs authorization authentication on the terminal based on the first information, determines the authorized terminal, and sends registration acceptance information to the first network element;

[0244] The first network element sends registration acceptance information to the terminal based on a secure connection.

[0245] For example, in this embodiment, the first information is registration request information. The terminal sends a registration request to the first network element according to the first access network. This registration request information includes the terminal's supported sensing capabilities information. After receiving the registration request information, the first network element selects the corresponding second network element based on a preset policy in the core network equipment and sends the registration request information to the second network element. The second network element verifies the terminal identity information in the registration request information, and when it determines that the authorized terminal is to register with the core network equipment based on the identity information, it sends registration acceptance information to the first network element. The first network element then feeds back the registration acceptance information to the terminal. The second network element stores the sensing capability information carried in the registration request information.

[0246] Optionally, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0247] The second network element stores the perception capability information in the context corresponding to the terminal based on the first information.

[0248] For example, after confirming the registration of the authorized terminal, the second network element stores the sensing capability information supported by the terminal in the first information into the context corresponding to the terminal, so as to provide sensing services to the terminal based on the terminal's sensing capability information.

[0249] Optionally, in some embodiments, if the second network element stores sensing capability information previously registered by the terminal, the registration type corresponding to the first information is mobile registration update. The second network element updates the sensing capability information corresponding to the terminal stored in the second network element based on the sensing capability information in the first information.

[0250] Optionally, in some embodiments, the core network equipment includes a third network element for user data management. For example, the third network element may be a UDM (Unified Data Management) network element.

[0251] Optionally, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0252] The second network element sends the first information to the third network element;

[0253] The third network element stores the terminal's sensing capability information based on the first information.

[0254] For example, the second network element registers the terminal's sensing capability information with the third network element. The third network element then registers the terminal based on the first information and stores the terminal's sensing capability information. This allows the third network element to subsequently provide sensing services to the terminal based on its sensing capability information.

[0255] In some embodiments, the core network device includes a first network element and a second network element. The definitions of the first network element and the second network element are the same as in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here. The terminal sends first information to the core network device based on the aforementioned secure connection. The first network element receives the first information and, based on the first information and the network parameters corresponding to the first access network, selects the corresponding second network element according to the local policy configured in the core network device, and sends the first information to the second network element. The second network element is used to process the registration information reported by the terminal and manage and execute the user's initial access request. After receiving the first information reported by the terminal, if the first information is a registration request and includes sensing capability information supported by the terminal, the second network element executes the initial registration of the terminal and stores and manages the sensing capability information corresponding to the terminal; if the first information is sensing capability information supported by the terminal, the second network element registers the sensing capability information supported by the terminal with the NF network element.

[0256] In some embodiments, the names of information, etc., are not limited to the names described in the embodiments. Terms such as "information", "message", "signal", "signaling", "report", "configuration", "indication", "instruction", "command", "channel", "parameter", "domain", "field", "symbol", "symbol", "codebook", "codeword", "codepoint", "bit", "data", "program", and "chip" can be used interchangeably.

[0257] In some embodiments, the terms "codebook," "codeword," and "precoding matrix" can be used interchangeably. For example, a codebook can be a collection of one or more codewords / precoding matrices.

[0258] In some embodiments, the terms "uplink", "uplink", and "physical uplink" can be used interchangeably, as can the terms "downlink", "downlink", and "physical downlink", as well as the terms "sidelink", "sidelink", "sidelink communication", "sidelink communication", "direct connection", "direct link", "direct communication", and "direct link communication".

[0259] In some embodiments, the terms “downlink control information (DCI),” “downlink (DL) assignment,” “DL DCI,” “uplink (UL) grant,” and “UL DCI” can be used interchangeably.

[0260] In some embodiments, terms such as "physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH)" and "DL data" can be used interchangeably, as can terms such as "physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)" and "UL data".

[0261] In some embodiments, the terms “radio”, “wireless”, “radio access network (RAN)”, “access network (AN)”, and “RAN-based” can be used interchangeably.

[0262] In some embodiments, the terms "search space", "search space set", "search space configuration", "search space set configuration", "control resource set (CORESET)", and "CORESET configuration" can be used interchangeably.

[0263] In some embodiments, the terms "synchronization signal (SS)," "synchronization signal block (SSB)," "reference signal (RS)," "pilot," and "pilot signal" can be used interchangeably.

[0264] In some embodiments, terms such as “moment,” “point in time,” “time,” and “time location” can be used interchangeably, as can terms such as “duration,” “segment,” “time window,” “window,” and “time.”

[0265] In some embodiments, the terms "component carrier (CC)," "cell," "frequency carrier," and "carrier frequency" can be used interchangeably.

[0266] In some embodiments, the terms “resource block (RB)”, “physical resource block (PRB)”, “sub-carrier group (SCG)”, “resource element group (REG)”, “PRB pair”, “RB pair”, “resource element (RE)”, and “sub-carrier” can be used interchangeably.

[0267] In some embodiments, terms such as wireless access scheme and waveform can be used interchangeably.

[0268] In some embodiments, the terms "precoding", "precoder", "weight", "precoding weight", "quasi-co-location (QCL)", "transmission configuration indication (TCI) status", "spatial relation", "spatial domain filter", "transmission power", "phase rotation", "antenna port", "antenna port group", "layer", "the number of layers", "rank", "resource", "resource set", "resource group", "beam", "beam width", "beam angular degree", "antenna", "antenna element", and "panel" can be used interchangeably.

[0269] In some embodiments, the terms “frame”, “radio frame”, “subframe”, “slot”, “sub-slot”, “mini-slot”, “symbol”, “symbol”, and “transmission time interval (TTI)” can be used interchangeably.

[0270] In some embodiments, “get,” “obtain,” “receive,” “transmit,” “bidirectional transmission,” and “send and / or receive” can be used interchangeably and can be interpreted as receiving from other entities, obtaining from protocols, obtaining from higher layers, obtaining through self-processing, or autonomous implementation, among other meanings.

[0271] In some embodiments, terms such as “send,” “transmit,” “report,” “distribute,” “transfer,” “bidirectional transmission,” “send and / or receive” can be used interchangeably.

[0272] In some embodiments, terms such as "certain," "preset," "default," "set," "indicated," "a certain," "any," and "first" can be used interchangeably. "Certain A," "preset A," "default A," "set A," "indicated A," "a certain A," "any A," and "first A" can be interpreted as A pre-defined in a protocol or the like, or as A obtained through setting, configuration, or instruction, or as specific A, a certain A, any A, or first A, but are not limited thereto.

[0273] In some embodiments, the determination or judgment can be made by a value represented by 1 bit (0 or 1), or by a true or false value (boolean), or by a comparison of numerical values ​​(e.g., a comparison with a predetermined value), but is not limited thereto.

[0274] In some embodiments, "not expecting to receive" can be interpreted as not receiving on time domain resources and / or frequency domain resources, or as not performing subsequent processing on the data after receiving it; "not expecting to send" can be interpreted as not sending, or as sending but not expecting the receiver to respond to the sent content.

[0275] The communication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of steps S2101 to S2102. For example, step S2101 may be implemented as a separate embodiment, step S2102 may be implemented as a separate embodiment (the steps in which inventive point 1, inventive point 2, etc. are located), and steps S2101+S2102 may be implemented as separate embodiments, but are not limited thereto.

[0276] In some embodiments, steps S2101 and S2102 may be performed in an alternate order or simultaneously.

[0277] In some embodiments, other optional implementations described before or after the specification corresponding to FIG2 may be referred to.

[0278] Figure 3 is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 3, the embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a communication method, which includes:

[0279] In step S3101, the terminal sends first information to the core network device through the first access network. The first information includes the sensing capability information supported by the terminal. The first access network is a non-cellular network.

[0280] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first information is registration request information, and the method further includes:

[0281] Receive registration acceptance information sent by the core network equipment.

[0282] Optionally, in some embodiments, the core network device includes a first network element and a second network element. The first network element is used to enable a terminal to access the second network element from a first access network. The second network element is used for mobility and access management, and to send first information to the core network device, including:

[0283] Establish a secure connection with the first network element through the first access network;

[0284] Based on a secure connection, the first information is sent to the first network element.

[0285] Optionally, in some embodiments, based on a secure connection, sending first information to the first network element includes:

[0286] It has been confirmed that the terminal has been registered with the core network equipment;

[0287] Based on a secure connection, first information is sent to the first network element. The first information is used to update the terminal's perception capabilities stored in the core network equipment.

[0288] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first access network is an access network not trusted by the core network equipment, the first information is carried through non-access stratum (NAS) information, and the registration acceptance information is NAS registration acceptance information.

[0289] Optionally, in some embodiments, establishing a secure connection with the first network element through the first access network includes:

[0290] A secure key exchange association is established with the first network element through a key exchange protocol;

[0291] Based on the secure association of key exchange, a secure connection is established with the first network element.

[0292] Optionally, in some embodiments, establishing a secure connection with the first network element through the first access network includes:

[0293] Authorization and authentication are performed with the first network element through the first access network;

[0294] Successful identity authentication confirmed; secure connection established with the first network element.

[0295] Optionally, in some embodiments, authorization and authentication are performed with the first network element through the first access network, including:

[0296] Send a Network Access Identifier (NAI) to the first access network. The NAI is used to instruct the first access network to send an Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA) request to the first network element based on the NAI.

[0297] The system receives authentication feedback information sent by the first network element through the first access network.

[0298] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first access network is an access network trusted by the core network equipment, and the registration request information is carried through non-access stratum data unit (NAS-PDU) information.

[0299] Optionally, in some embodiments, the terminal is a terminal that does not support non-access layer communication via a wireless LAN access network, the first access network is an access network trusted by the core network equipment, and the registration request information and registration acceptance information are both carried through the first interface information, the first interface being the interface between the first network element and the second network element.

[0300] Optionally, in some embodiments, the core network device includes a first network element and a second network element. The first network element is used to enable a terminal to access the second network element from a first access network. The second network element is used for mobility and access management, and to send first information to the core network device, including:

[0301] Confirm that the user plane has been established between the terminal and the core network equipment;

[0302] Based on the user plane, the first information is sent to the first network element.

[0303] Optionally, in some embodiments, the sensing capability information includes at least one of the following:

[0304] Perception indicator: The perception indicator is used to indicate whether the terminal supports perception services.

[0305] Sensing function, which includes at least one of the following: transmitter, receiver;

[0306] Aware wireless access technology (RAT) includes at least one of the following: a preset standard access technology and a non-preset standard access technology.

[0307] Perception patterns;

[0308] The perception plane includes at least one of the following: control plane, user plane, data plane, and sensing plane.

[0309] Sensing method information, which includes at least one of the following: Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Observation Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA), Transport Block Size (TBS), Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA), Angle of Departure (AoD), Angle of Arrival (AoA), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), Bluetooth, LiDAR, radar, and sonar.

[0310] The perceived service performance includes at least one of the following: latency, perceived measurement resolution, service quality, perceived service priority, perceived time period, perceived measurement type, start time, end time, and validity period of perceived results.

[0311] Sensing measurement types include at least one of the following: position, distance, angle, speed, recognition, detection, reconstruction, imaging, tracking, and monitoring;

[0312] Sensing measurement parameters include at least one of the following: position, distance, velocity, angular accuracy, sensing frequency, bandwidth, time-frequency resource block, number of antennas, refresh rate, maximum sensing delay, false alarm probability, false alarm probability, reconstruction accuracy, imaging accuracy, and confidence level.

[0313] Sensing data processing capability refers to the terminal's ability to compute sensing data.

[0314] In step S3102, the core network device receives first information sent by the terminal through the first access network. The first information includes sensing capability information supported by the terminal, and the first access network is a non-cellular network.

[0315] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first information is registration request information, and the method further includes:

[0316] Based on the first piece of information, a registration acceptance message is sent to the terminal.

[0317] Optionally, in some embodiments, registration acceptance information is sent to the terminal based on the first information, including:

[0318] The first network element sends the first information to the second network element;

[0319] The second network element performs authorization authentication on the terminal based on the first information, determines the authorized terminal, and sends registration acceptance information to the first network element;

[0320] The first network element sends registration acceptance information to the terminal based on a secure connection.

[0321] Optionally, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0322] The second network element stores the perception capability information in the context corresponding to the terminal based on the first information.

[0323] Optionally, in some embodiments, the core network device includes a third network element, which is used for user data management, and the method further includes:

[0324] The second network element sends the first information to the third network element;

[0325] The third network element stores the terminal's sensing capability information based on the first information.

[0326] In some embodiments, the steps and their optional implementations in other embodiments described before or after this embodiment, as well as other related parts in the specification, can be referred to, and will not be repeated here.

[0327] Figure 4A is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4A, the present disclosure relates to a communication method, which includes:

[0328] 1. The UE connects to an untrusted non-3GPP access network and selects an N3IWF network element.

[0329] 2. The UE initiates the initial IKE exchange, establishes an IPsec SA with the selected N3IWF network element, and establishes an IKE-SA (Internet Key Exchange Security Association) between the UE and the N3IWF network element.

[0330] 3. The UE sends a registration request to the N3IWF encapsulated in a 5G-NAS (5G Non-Access Stratum) data packet. The registration request includes sensing capabilities.

[0331] Optionally, in some embodiments, if the UE has registered with the core network, the sensing capabilities stored in the core network are updated based on the registration request. In this case, the registration type is mobile registration update.

[0332] 4. The N3IWF network element selects the AMF network element based on the received AN (Access Network) parameters and local policies.

[0333] 5. In the N2 message, the N3IWF network element will forward the registration request received from the UE side to the selected AMF network element. The registration request includes the sensing capabilities supported by the terminal.

[0334] Optionally, in some embodiments, if the UE has registered with the core network, the sensing capabilities stored in the core network are updated based on the registration request. In this case, the registration type is mobile registration update.

[0335] 6. The AMF network element, UE, and other NF (Network Functions) network elements jointly trigger the authentication process.

[0336] 7. Establish an IPsec SA between the UE and the N3IWF network element.

[0337] 8. The AMF network element registers with the UDM (Unified Data Management) network element using the Nudm-UECM-Registration message, which includes the UE's perception capabilities. For example, the Nudm-UECM-Registration message includes the AMF-ID, UE-ID, and the perception capability information supported by the UE.

[0338] Optionally, in some embodiments, the AMF network element can store sensing capabilities in the UE context.

[0339] Optionally, in some embodiments, other NF network elements may also store sensing capabilities. For example, an AMF network element may send sensing capabilities to other NF network elements, or a UDM network element may send sensing capabilities to other NF network elements.

[0340] Optionally, in some embodiments, the UDM network element may notify the perception service controller or data processor that has subscribed to changes in the UE's perception capabilities.

[0341] Optionally, in some embodiments, if the registration type is mobile registration update, the AMF network element and the UDM network element will update the stored sensing capabilities and send mobile registration update information to other NF network elements to update the sensing capabilities stored in other NF network elements.

[0342] 9. The AMF network element sends NAS registration acceptance information to the N3IWF network element in the N2 information.

[0343] 10. The N3IWF network element forwards the NAS registration acceptance information to the UE through the established signaling IPsec SA.

[0344] In this way, the UE registers with the core network through an untrusted non-3GPP access point. The registration request includes sensing capabilities so that the core network can subsequently provide sensing services to the terminal.

[0345] Figure 4B is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4B, the present disclosure relates to a communication method, which includes:

[0346] 1. The UE selects a TNAP network and establishes a connection with that TNAP network.

[0347] 2. After the UE starts the EAP procedure, the UE provides the NAI corresponding to the terminal to the TNAP and triggers the TNAP to send an AAA request to the TNGF network element, which then acts as the AAA proxy for the terminal.

[0348] 3. The UE sends a registration request encapsulated in a NAS-PDU message to the TNGF network element, wherein the registration request includes the terminal's supported sensing capability information.

[0349] Optionally, in some embodiments, if the UE has registered with the core network, the sensing capabilities stored in the core network are updated based on the registration request. In this case, the registration type is mobile registration update.

[0350] 4. The TNGF network element selects the AMF network element based on the received AN (Access Network) parameters and local policies.

[0351] 5. In the N2 message, the TNGF network element will forward the registration request received from the UE side to the selected AMF network element. The registration request includes the sensing capabilities supported by the terminal.

[0352] Optionally, in some embodiments, if the UE has registered with the core network, the sensing capabilities stored in the core network are updated based on the registration request. In this case, the registration type is mobile registration update.

[0353] 6. The AMF network element, UE, and other NF (Network Functions) network elements jointly trigger the authentication process.

[0354] 7. Establish NWt between UE and N3IWF network element.

[0355] 8. The AMF network element registers with the UDM (Unified Data Management) network element using the Nudm-UECM-Registration message, which includes the UE's perception capabilities. For example, the Nudm-UECM-Registration message includes the AMF-ID, UE-ID, and the perception capability information supported by the UE.

[0356] Optionally, in some embodiments, the AMF network element can store sensing capabilities in the UE context.

[0357] Optionally, in some embodiments, other NF network elements may also store sensing capabilities. For example, an AMF network element may send sensing capabilities to other NF network elements, or a UDM network element may send sensing capabilities to other NF network elements.

[0358] Optionally, in some embodiments, the UDM network element may notify the perception service controller or data processor that has subscribed to changes in the UE's perception capabilities.

[0359] Optionally, in some embodiments, if the registration type is mobile registration update, the AMF network element and the UDM network element will update the stored sensing capabilities and send mobile registration update information to other NF network elements to update the sensing capabilities stored in other NF network elements.

[0360] 9. The AMF network element sends NAS registration acceptance information to the TNGF network element in the N2 information.

[0361] 10. The TNGF network element forwards the NAS registration acceptance information to the UE through the established NWt.

[0362] In this way, the UE registers with the core network through a trusted non-3GPP access, and the registration request includes sensing capabilities so that the core network can subsequently provide sensing services to the UE.

[0363] Figure 4C is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4C, the present disclosure relates to a communication method, which includes:

[0364] 1. The N5CW device selects TWAP and establishes a connection with it, then initiates the EAP authentication process (TWAP sends an EAP request to the N5CW device).

[0365] 2. The N5CW device sends an EAP response (NAI (Network Access Identifier) ​​and awareness capability information) to the TWAP. Based on the received NAI, the TWAP selects the TWIF (Trusted WLAN Interworking Function) and sends an AAA request (NAI, awareness capability information) to the TWIF.

[0366] 3. The TWIF network element represents the N5CW device in creating a registration request (sensing capability). The registration request is based on the received NAI and sensing capability.

[0367] Optionally, in some embodiments, if the N5CW device has registered with the core network, the sensing capabilities stored in the core network are updated based on the registration request. In this case, the registration type is mobile registration update.

[0368] 4. The TWIF network element selects the AMF network element based on the received NAI.

[0369] 5. In the N2 message, the TWIF network element will forward the registration request received from the UE side to the selected AMF network element. The registration request includes the sensing capabilities supported by the terminal.

[0370] Optionally, in some embodiments, if the N5CW device has registered with the core network, the sensing capabilities stored in the core network are updated based on the registration request. In this case, the registration type is mobile registration update.

[0371] 6. The AMF network element, UE, and other NF (Network Functions) network elements jointly trigger the authentication process.

[0372] 7. Establish a Layer 2 or Layer 3 connection between the trusted WLAN access point and TWIF to transmit all user plane traffic of the N5CW device to the TWIF network element.

[0373] 8. The AMF network element registers with the UDM (Unified Data Management) network element using the Nudm-UECM-Registration message, which includes the UE's perception capabilities. For example, the Nudm-UECM-Registration message includes the AMF-ID, UE-ID, and the perception capability information supported by the UE.

[0374] Optionally, in some embodiments, the AMF network element can store sensing capabilities in the UE context.

[0375] Optionally, in some embodiments, other NF network elements may also store sensing capabilities. For example, an AMF network element may send sensing capabilities to other NF network elements, or a UDM network element may send sensing capabilities to other NF network elements.

[0376] Optionally, in some embodiments, the UDM network element may notify the perception service controller or data processor that has subscribed to changes in the UE's perception capabilities.

[0377] Optionally, in some embodiments, if the registration type is mobile registration update, the AMF network element and the UDM network element will update the stored sensing capabilities and send mobile registration update information to other NF network elements to update the sensing capabilities stored in other NF network elements.

[0378] 9. The AMF network element sends NAS registration acceptance information to the TNGF network element in the N2 information.

[0379] In this way, the N5CW device can register with the core network through an untrusted non-3GPP access network that can include sensing capabilities in its registration request, so as to provide sensing services to the N5CW device in the future.

[0380] This disclosure also proposes an apparatus (also referred to as a communication device, etc.) for implementing any of the above methods. For example, an apparatus is proposed that includes units or modules for implementing the steps performed by the terminal in any of the above methods. Furthermore, another apparatus is proposed that includes units or modules for implementing the steps performed by a network device (e.g., an access network device, a core network functional node, a core network device, etc.) in any of the above methods.

[0381] It should be understood that the division of units or modules in the above device is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, they can be fully or partially integrated into a single physical entity, or they can be physically separated. Furthermore, the units or modules in the device can be implemented by a processor calling software: for example, the device includes a processor connected to a memory containing instructions. The processor calls the instructions stored in the memory to implement any of the above methods or to implement the functions of the units or modules in the above device. The processor can be, for example, a general-purpose processor, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or a microprocessor, and the memory can be internal or external to the device. Alternatively, the units or modules in the device can be implemented in the form of hardware circuits. The functionality of some or all of the units or modules can be achieved through the design of these hardware circuits, which can be understood as one or more processors. For example, in one implementation, the hardware circuit is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The functionality of some or all of the units or modules is achieved through the design of the logical relationships between the components within the circuit. In another implementation, the hardware circuit can be implemented using a programmable logic device (PLD). Taking a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) as an example, it can include a large number of logic gates. The connection relationships between the logic gates are configured through configuration files, thereby achieving the functionality of some or all of the units or modules. All units or modules of the above device can be implemented entirely through processor-called software, entirely through hardware circuits, or partially through processor-called software with the remaining parts implemented through hardware circuits.

[0382] In this embodiment, the processor is a circuit with signal processing capabilities. In one implementation, the processor can be a circuit with instruction read and execute capabilities, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a graphics processing unit (GPU) (which can be understood as a microprocessor), or a digital signal processor (DSP). In another implementation, the processor can implement certain functions through the logical relationships of hardware circuits. The logical relationships of the aforementioned hardware circuits are fixed or reconfigurable. For example, the processor is a hardware circuit implemented using an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (PLD), such as an FPGA. In a reconfigurable hardware circuit, the process of the processor loading a configuration document and configuring the hardware circuit can be understood as the process of the processor loading instructions to implement the functions of some or all of the above units or modules. Furthermore, it can also be a hardware circuit designed for artificial intelligence, which can be understood as an ASIC, such as a Neural Network Processing Unit (NPU), a Tensor Processing Unit (TPU), or a Deep Learning Processing Unit (DPU).

[0383] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the terminal structure proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. Terminal 5100 is used to execute any of the above methods. In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 5, terminal 5100 may include a transceiver module 5101. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 5101 is used to send first information to a core network device through a first access network, the first information including sensing capability information supported by the terminal, and the first access network being a non-cellular network. Optionally, the transceiver module 5101 is used to execute at least one of the communication steps (such as sending and / or receiving) performed by terminal 101 in any of the above methods (but not limited to this), which will not be elaborated further here.

[0384] In some embodiments, the transceiver module may include a transmitting module and / or a receiving module, which may be separate or integrated. Optionally, the transceiver module may be interchangeable with a transceiver.

[0385] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a core network device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The core network device 6100 is used to perform any of the above methods. In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 6, the core network device 6100 may include a transceiver module 6101. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 6101 is used to receive first information sent by a terminal through a first access network, the first information including sensing capability information supported by the terminal, and the first access network being a non-cellular network. Optionally, the transceiver module 6101 is used to perform at least one of the communication steps (such as sending and / or receiving) performed by the core network device in any of the above methods (but not limited to this), which will not be elaborated further here.

[0386] In some embodiments, the transceiver module may include a transmitting module and / or a receiving module, which may be separate or integrated. Optionally, the transceiver module may be interchangeable with a transceiver.

[0387] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 7100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The communication device 7100 can be a network device (e.g., access network device, core network device, etc.), a terminal (e.g., user equipment, etc.), a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the network device in implementing any of the above methods, or a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the terminal in implementing any of the above methods. The communication device 7100 can be used to implement the methods described in the above method embodiments; for details, please refer to the descriptions in the above method embodiments.

[0388] As shown in Figure 7, the communication device 7100 includes one or more third processors 7101. The third processor 7101 can be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor, such as a baseband processor or a central processing unit (CPU). The baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data, while the CPU can be used to control communication devices (e.g., base stations, baseband chips, terminal devices, terminal device chips, DUs or CUs, etc.), execute programs, and process program data. Optionally, the communication device 7100 can be used to execute any of the above methods. Optionally, one or more third processors 7101 can be used to invoke instructions to cause the communication device 7100 to execute any of the above methods.

[0389] In some embodiments, the communication device 7100 further includes one or more third transceivers 7102. When the communication device 7100 includes one or more third transceivers 7102, the third transceiver 7102 performs at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above method, and the third processor 7101 performs at least one of the other steps. In optional embodiments, the transceiver may include a receiver and / or a transmitter, which may be separate or integrated. Optionally, the terms transceiver, transceiver unit, transceiver, transceiver circuit, interface circuit, interface, etc., can be used interchangeably; the terms transmitter, sending unit, transmitter, sending circuit, etc., can be used interchangeably; and the terms receiver, receiving unit, receiver, receiving circuit, etc., can be used interchangeably.

[0390] In some embodiments, the communication device 7100 further includes one or more third memories 7103 for storing data. Optionally, all or part of the third memories 7103 may be located outside the communication device 7100. In optional embodiments, the communication device 7100 may include one or more first interface circuits 7104. Optionally, the first interface circuit 7104 is connected to the third memory 7103, and the first interface circuit 7104 can be used to receive data from the third memory 7103 or other devices, and can be used to send data to the third processor 7101 or other devices. For example, the first interface circuit 7104 can read data stored in the third memory 7103 and send the data to the third processor 7101.

[0391] The communication device 7100 described in the above embodiments may be a network device or a terminal, but the scope of the communication device 7100 described in this disclosure is not limited thereto, and the structure of the communication device 7100 may not be limited by FIG. 7. The communication device may be a standalone device or a part of a larger device. For example, the communication device may be: (1) a standalone integrated circuit IC, or chip, or chip system or subsystem; (2) a collection of one or more ICs, optionally, the IC collection may also include storage components for storing data and programs; (3) an ASIC, such as a modem; (4) a module that can be embedded in other devices; (5) a receiver, terminal device, smart terminal device, cellular phone, wireless device, handheld device, mobile unit, vehicle device, network device, cloud device, artificial intelligence device, etc.; (6) others, etc.

[0392] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of chip 7200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For cases where the communication device 7100 can be a chip or a chip system, the schematic diagram of chip 7200 shown in Figure 8 can be referenced, but is not limited thereto.

[0393] Chip 7200 includes one or more fourth processors 7201. Chip 7200 is used to perform any of the above methods.

[0394] In some embodiments, chip 7200 further includes one or more second interface circuits 7202. Optionally, terms such as interface circuit, interface, and transceiver pin can be used interchangeably. In some embodiments, chip 7200 further includes one or more fourth memories 7203 for storing data. Optionally, all or part of the fourth memories 7203 may be located outside chip 7200. Optionally, the second interface circuit 7202 is connected to the fourth memories 7203, and the second interface circuit 7202 can be used to receive data from the fourth memories 7203 or other devices, and the second interface circuit 7202 can be used to send data to the fourth memories 7203 or other devices. For example, the second interface circuit 7202 can read data stored in the fourth memories 7203 and send the data to the fourth processor 7201.

[0395] In some embodiments, the second interface circuit 7202 performs at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above-described method. For example, the second interface circuit 7202 performing the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above-described method means that the second interface circuit 7202 performs data interaction between the fourth processor 7201, the chip 7200, the fourth memory 7203, or the transceiver device. In some embodiments, the fourth processor 7201 performs at least one of the other steps.

[0396] The modules and / or devices described in the various embodiments, such as virtual devices, physical devices, and chips, can be combined or separated arbitrarily as needed. Optionally, some or all steps can also be performed collaboratively by multiple modules and / or devices, which is not limited here.

[0397] This disclosure also proposes a storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on the communication device 7100, cause the communication device 7100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the storage medium is an electronic storage medium. Optionally, the storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, but not limited thereto; it may also be a storage medium readable by other devices. Optionally, the storage medium may be a non-transitory storage medium, but not limited thereto; it may also be a temporary storage medium.

[0398] This disclosure also provides a program product that, when executed by the communication device 7100, causes the communication device 7100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the program product is a computer program product.

[0399] This disclosure also proposes a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform any of the above methods.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, The method, executed by a terminal, includes: The terminal sends first information to the core network device through a first access network. The first information includes sensing capability information supported by the terminal. The first access network is a non-cellular network.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first information is registration request information, and the method further includes: Receive the registration acceptance information sent by the core network device.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The core network equipment includes a first network element and a second network element. The first network element is used to enable the terminal to access the second network element from the first access network. The second network element is used for mobility and access management. Sending the first information to the core network equipment includes: A secure connection is established with the first network element through the first access network; Based on the secure connection, the first information is sent to the first network element.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of sending the first information to the first network element based on the secure connection includes: It is confirmed that the terminal has been registered with the core network device; Based on the secure connection, the first information is sent to the first network element, and the first information is used to update the perception capability of the terminal stored in the core network device.

5. The method according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, The first access network is an access network that is not trusted by the core network device. The first information is carried through non-access stratum (NAS) information, and the registration acceptance information is NAS registration acceptance information.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of establishing a secure connection with the first network element through the first access network includes: A secure key exchange association is established with the first network element through a key exchange protocol; Based on the key exchange security association, a secure connection is established with the first network element.

7. The method according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, The step of establishing a secure connection with the first network element through the first access network includes: Authorization and authentication are performed with the first network element through the first access network; Once identity authentication is confirmed to be successful, a secure connection is established with the first network element.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The authorization and authentication process with the first network element through the first access network includes: Send a Network Access Identifier (NAI) to the first access network, wherein the NAI is used to instruct the first access network to send an Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA) request to the first network element based on the NAI; The system receives authentication feedback information sent by the first network element through the first access network.

9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The first access network is an access network trusted by the core network equipment, and the first information is carried through non-access stratum data unit (NAS-PDU) information.

10. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The terminal is a terminal that does not support non-access layer communication via wireless LAN access network. The first access network is an access network trusted by the core network device. The first information and the registration acceptance information are both carried through the first interface information. The first interface is the interface between the first network element and the second network element.

11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The core network equipment includes a first network element and a second network element. The first network element is used to enable the terminal to access the second network element from the first access network. The second network element is used for mobility and access management. Sending the first information to the core network equipment includes: It has been determined that the terminal and the core network equipment have established a user plane; Based on the user plane, the first information is sent to the first network element.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The perception capability information includes at least one of the following: A perception indicator, which indicates whether the terminal supports perception services; The sensing function includes at least one of the following: a transmitter and a receiver; Aware wireless access technology (RAT) includes at least one of the following: a preset standard access technology and a non-preset standard access technology. Perception patterns; The perception plane includes at least one of the following: a control plane, a user plane, a data plane, and a sensing plane; Sensing method information, which includes at least one of the following: Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Observation Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA), Transport Block Size (TBS), Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA), Departure Angle (AoD), Arrival Angle (AoA), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), Bluetooth, LiDAR, radar, and sonar. The perceived service performance includes at least one of the following: latency, perceived measurement resolution, service quality, perceived service priority, perceived time period, perceived measurement type, start time, end time, and validity period of perceived results; The sensing measurement type includes at least one of the following: position, distance, angle, speed, recognition, detection, reconstruction, imaging, tracking, and monitoring; The sensing measurement parameters include at least one of the following: position, distance, speed, angle accuracy, sensing frequency, bandwidth, time-frequency resource block, number of antennas, refresh rate, maximum sensing delay, false alarm probability, reconstruction accuracy, imaging accuracy, and confidence level. Sensing data processing capability, which is used to indicate the terminal's ability to compute sensing data.

13. A communication method, characterized in that, Performed by core network equipment, the method includes: The receiving terminal sends first information through a first access network, the first information including sensing capability information supported by the terminal, and the first access network is a non-cellular network.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The first information is registration request information, and the method further includes: Based on the first information, a registration acceptance message is sent to the terminal.

15. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The core network equipment includes a first network element and a second network element. The first network element enables the terminal to access the second network element from the first access network. The second network element is used for mobility and access management. The first information sent by the receiving terminal through the first access network includes: A secure connection is established between the terminal and the first network element through the first access network; Based on the secure connection, the first information sent by the terminal is received.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that, The step of receiving the first information sent by the terminal based on the secure connection includes: It is confirmed that the terminal has been registered with the core network device; Based on the first information, update the perception capabilities of the terminal stored in the core network device.

17. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that, The step of sending registration acceptance information to the terminal based on the first information includes: The first network element sends the first information to the second network element; The second network element performs authorization authentication on the terminal based on the first information, determines that the terminal is authorized, and sends the registration acceptance information to the first network element; The first network element sends the registration acceptance information to the terminal based on the secure connection.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, The method further includes: The second network element stores the sensing capability information in the context corresponding to the terminal based on the first information.

19. The method according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that, The core network equipment includes a third network element, which is used for user data management. The method further includes: The second network element sends the first information to the third network element; The third network element stores the terminal's sensing capability information based on the first information.

20. The method according to any one of claims 14-19, characterized in that, The first access network is an access network that is not trusted by the core network device, the first information is carried through NAS data information, and the registration acceptance information is NAS registration acceptance information.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The step of establishing a secure connection between the terminal and the first network element through the first access network includes: A secure key exchange association is established with the terminal through the first network element; Based on the key exchange security association, a secure connection is established between the terminal and the first network element.

22. The method according to any one of claims 14-19, characterized in that, The step of establishing a secure connection between the terminal and the first network element through the first access network includes: The terminal is authorized and authenticated through the first network element; Once the terminal identity authentication is successful, a secure connection is established between the terminal and the first network element.

23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that, The authorization and authentication of the terminal through the first network element includes: The first network element receives the AAA request sent by the terminal through the first access network; Based on the AAA request, authentication feedback information is sent to the terminal.

24. The method according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that, The first access network is an access network trusted by the core network equipment, and the first information is carried through NAS-PDU information.

25. The method according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that, The terminal is a terminal that does not support non-access layer communication via wireless LAN access network. The first access network is an access network trusted by the core network device. The first information and the registration acceptance information are both carried through the first interface information. The first interface is the interface between the first network element and the second network element.

26. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The core network equipment includes a first network element and a second network element. The first network element enables the terminal to access the second network element from the first access network. The second network element is used for mobility and access management. The first information sent by the receiving terminal through the first access network includes: Based on the first access network, it is determined that the terminal and the core network equipment have established a user plane; Based on the user plane, the first information sent by the terminal is received.

27. The method according to any one of claims 13-26, characterized in that, The perception capability information includes at least one of the following: A perception indicator, which indicates whether the terminal supports perception services; The sensing function includes at least one of the following: a transmitter and a receiver; The perceived RAT includes at least one of the following: a preset standard access technology and a non-preset standard access technology; Perception patterns; The perception plane includes at least one of the following: a control plane, a user plane, a data plane, and a sensing plane; Sensing mode information, which includes at least one of the following: GNSS, OTDOA, TBS, TDOA, AoD, AoA, WLAN, Bluetooth, lidar, radar, sonar; The perceived service performance includes at least one of the following: latency, perceived measurement resolution, service quality, perceived service priority, perceived time period, perceived measurement type, start time, end time, and validity period of perceived results; The sensing measurement type includes at least one of the following: position, distance, angle, speed, recognition, detection, reconstruction, imaging, tracking, and monitoring; Sensing measurement parameters, including at least one of the following: position, distance, velocity, angular accuracy, sensing frequency, bandwidth, time-frequency resource block, number of antennas, refresh rate, maximum sensing delay, false alarm probability, reconstruction accuracy, and so on. Like accuracy and confidence level; Sensing data processing capability, which is used to indicate the terminal's ability to compute sensing data.

28. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device is used to perform the communication method according to any one of claims 1-12 and 13-27.

29. A communication system, characterized in that, The device includes a terminal and a core network device, wherein the terminal is configured to implement the communication method of any one of claims 1-12, and the core network device is configured to implement the communication method of any one of claims 13-27.

30. A storage medium storing instructions, characterized in that, When the instructions are executed on the communication device, the communication device performs the communication method as described in any one of claims 1-12 or 13-27.

31. A program product comprising at least one of a program and instructions, characterized in that, When at least one of the programs or instructions is executed by the communication device, it implements the steps of the communication method according to claims 1-12, or when at least one of the programs or instructions is executed by the communication device, it implements the steps of the communication method according to claims 13-27.

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