Data frame transmission method and apparatus

Abstract

Provided in the present application are a data frame transmission method and apparatus, which are applied to an optical transmission network, and can implement mapping from a channel layer data frame to a segment layer data frame, thereby ensuring the transmission performance. The method comprises: mapping a first data frame to a second payload area and a third payload area of a second data frame; and sending the second data frame, wherein the first data frame comprises a first overhead area and a first payload area, the sizes of the first payload area and the third payload area are the same, and the number of bits occupied by the second payload area is greater than or equal to the number of bits occupied by the first overhead area.

Description

A method and apparatus for transmitting data frames.

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411559434.5, filed on November 1, 2024, entitled "A Method and Apparatus for Transmitting Data Frames", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of optical communications, and more specifically, to a method and apparatus for transmitting data frames. Background Technology

[0003] Optical networks are gradually evolving towards ultra-high-speed transmission technologies, with 100G and 400G optical transport network (OTN) technologies becoming the main choices for transmission networks. Among them, OTN technology, which is mainly designed for ultra-high bandwidth transmission and has a transmission speed exceeding 1T bit / s (B1T), has become a research hotspot.

[0004] When customer signals enter an OTN network, they need to undergo multi-layer mapping processing, adding corresponding overhead at different layers to enable the operation, maintenance, and management of services at the corresponding layers. For example, in Flexible OTN (Flexible Optical Transport Network) technology, customer signals from beyond Gbit / s Ethernet (B100GE) can be mapped to one or more 100G instances of FlexO-n(e). However, this implementation is only suitable for point-to-point transmission and lacks flexibility. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a data frame transmission method and apparatus that can realize the mapping from channel layer data frames to segment layer data frames, thereby enabling flexible scheduling of the channel layer and ensuring transmission performance.

[0006] Firstly, a method for transmitting data frames is provided. This method can be executed by a transmitting device. Unless otherwise specified, "transmitting device" in this application can refer to the transmitting device itself (e.g., an OTN device), a component in the transmitting device (e.g., a communication module, processor, circuit, chip, or chip system), or a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the transmitting device. This application does not limit the scope of the application in this regard.

[0007] The method includes: mapping a first data frame to a second payload area and a third payload area of ​​a second data frame, wherein the first data frame includes a first overhead area and a first payload area, the first payload area and the third payload area are of the same size, the number of bits occupied by the second payload area is greater than or equal to the number of bits occupied by the first overhead area, and sending the second data frame.

[0008] Secondly, a method for transmitting data frames is provided. This method can be executed by a receiving device. Unless otherwise specified, the term "receiving device" in this application can refer to the transmitting device itself (e.g., an OTN device), a component in the receiving device (e.g., a communication module, processor, circuit, chip, or chip system), or a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the receiving device. This application does not limit the definition of the receiving device.

[0009] The method includes: receiving a second data frame, and demapping a first data frame from a second payload area and a third payload area of ​​the second data frame, wherein the first data frame includes a first overhead area and a first payload area, the first payload area and the third payload area are of the same size, and the number of bits occupied by the second payload area is greater than or equal to the number of bits occupied by the first overhead area.

[0010] Understandably, this method is applied in optical transmission networks (such as OTN). Mapping the first data frame to the second and third payload areas of the second data frame can be understood as the transmitting device mapping the first overhead area and first payload area of ​​the first data frame to the second and third payload areas of the second data frame. The first overhead area carries overhead information, and the first payload area carries service data.

[0011] Based on the above scheme, the transmitting device maps the first data frame to the second payload area and the third payload area of ​​the second data frame. Correspondingly, the receiving device demaps the first payload area and the first overhead area of ​​the first data frame from the second payload area and the third payload area of ​​the second data frame. This enables mapping or adaptation between data frames at different levels, thereby ensuring the transmission performance of the data frames.

[0012] Understandably, since the first and third payload areas are the same size—for example, they occupy the same number of rows and columns—this design allows for synchronous mapping, reducing the complexity of the mapping process and lowering power consumption. Furthermore, because the first and third payload areas are the same size, the processing method is identical when mapping client signals to either the first or third payload area. Therefore, mapping client signals to the first payload area is similar to mapping them to the third payload area, simplifying the operation and reducing processing complexity.

[0013] This is understandable. Since the number of bits occupied by the second payload area is greater than or equal to the number of bits occupied by the first overhead area, or in other words, the second payload area is greater than or equal to the first overhead area, different mapping methods can be adapted. For example, when the second payload area is greater than the first overhead area, it means that the number of bits occupied by the first data frame is less than the number of bits occupied by the payload of the second data frame. In this case, the first data frame can be mapped to the payload area of ​​the second data frame using GMP. When the second payload area is equal to the first overhead area, it means that the number of bits occupied by the first data frame is equal to the number of bits occupied by the payload of the second data frame. In this case, the first data frame can be mapped to the payload area of ​​the second data frame using BMP, thereby realizing the mapping or adaptation between data frames at different levels. In addition, the second payload area can be obtained using the overhead reserved field of the second data frame. Therefore, the overhead area of ​​the second data frame is fully utilized, the overhead ratio is reduced, the carrying efficiency of the payload area of ​​the second data frame is improved, and thus the transmission performance is improved. At this time, the transmission rate of the second data frame can be an integer multiple of 100.622 Gbit / s.

[0014] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations, the first data frame is a channel layer (e.g., path layer) data frame.

[0015] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations, the first data frame is a B1T channel layer data frame, or a channel layer ultra-1T optical data unit (B1TODU) frame. This application does not limit the specific name of the first data frame.

[0016] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations, the second data frame is a section layer data frame, such as a B1T section layer data frame.

[0017] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations, the second data frame is a Flexible Optical Transport Network (Flexible OTN) frame or a ZR frame. The FlexO frame can be a FlexO-n frame, a FlexO-n(e) frame, a FlexO-x frame, or a FlexO-x(e) frame; this application does not limit the specific name of the second data frame.

[0018] In combination with the first or second aspect, in some implementations, the first data frame is x rows and 82080+y columns, the first overhead area is located in the first y columns of the first data frame, and the first payload area is located in the last 82080 columns of the first data frame, where x and y are both positive integers.

[0019] In combination with the first or second aspect, in some implementations, x = y = 8. That is, the first data frame can be 8 rows and 82088 columns, the first overhead area is located in the first 8 columns of the first data frame, and the first payload area is located in the last 82080 columns of the first data frame.

[0020] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations, the second data frame is 4 rows and 82,240 columns or 8 rows and 82,240 columns, the second payload area is located in columns 149 to 160 of the second data frame, and the third payload area is located in the last 82,080 columns of the second data frame.

[0021] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations, the second data frame is 4 rows and 82,240 columns or 8 rows and 82,240 columns, the second payload area is located in the 153rd to 160th columns of the second data frame, and the third payload area is located in the last 82,080 columns of the second data frame.

[0022] Based on the above scheme, when the first data frame is an optical data unit (ODU) and the second data frame is FlexO-n(e), since both the first payload area of ​​the ODU and the third payload area of ​​FlexO-n(e) are 8 rows and 82,020 columns, it is ensured that the ODU can be effectively mapped to FlexO-n(e). Furthermore, the payload area of ​​FlexO-n(e) has 4 more columns than that of the ODU. In this case, the transmission rate of the FlexO payload (e.g., the second and third payload areas) is approximately 48 ppm or 49 ppm higher than that of the ODU, which is used to accommodate frequency offset. This ensures that FlexO has sufficient effective payload bandwidth to carry the ODU, thereby guaranteeing the effective mapping of the first data frame. This is because the ODU may have a frequency offset during the mapping process to the payload area of ​​FlexO. For example, FlexO allows a frequency offset of ±20ppm, and the ODU also allows a frequency offset of ±20ppm. In extreme cases, there may be a frequency offset of ±40ppm. Therefore, when designing the frame structure of the first and second data frames, the payload area of ​​the second data frame is set to have a larger number of bits than that of the first data frame. For example, by setting A≤B-40ppm, the frequency offset can be accommodated so that FlexO has sufficient effective payload bandwidth to carry the ODU, thereby ensuring the effective mapping of the first data frame.

[0023] Optionally, the first data frame can be an ODU with a transmission rate exceeding 1 Tbits per second (B1T), abbreviated as B1TODU. The second data frame can also be a B1T FlexO with a transmission rate exceeding 1 Tbits per second, abbreviated as B1T FlexO.

[0024] In combination with the first or second aspect, in some implementations, the transmission rate of the first data frame and the transmission rate of the second data frame satisfy: A = B * 10261 / 10280 Gbit / s;

[0025] Where A represents the transmission rate of the first data frame and B represents the transmission rate of the second data frame.

[0026] Understandably, in this scheme, the first data frame consists of 8 rows and 82,088 columns, with the first overhead area located in the first 8 columns and the first payload area located in the last 82,080 columns. The second data frame consists of 8 rows and 82,240 columns, with the second overhead area located in the first 148 columns, the second payload area located in columns 149 to 160, and the third payload area located in the last 82,080 columns; alternatively, the second overhead area may be located in the first 152 columns, the second payload area in columns 153 to 160, and the third payload area in the last 82,080 columns.

[0027] In combination with the first or second aspect, in some implementations, the transmission rate of the first data frame and the transmission rate of the payload of the second data frame satisfy: A≤B-40ppm;

[0028] Where A represents the transmission rate of the first data frame and B represents the transmission rate of the payload of the second data frame.

[0029] Understandably, in this scheme, the first data frame consists of 8 rows and 82,088 columns, the first overhead area is located in the first 8 columns of the first data frame, and the first payload area is located in the last 82,080 columns of the first data frame. The second data frame consists of 8 rows and 82,240 columns, the second overhead area is located in the first 148 columns of the second data frame, the second payload area is located in columns 149 to 160 of the second data frame, and the third payload area is located in the last 82,080 columns of the second data frame.

[0030] In one implementation, the transmission rates of the first and second data frames satisfy the following formula: A = B * 10261 / 10280 Gbit / s. Here, A represents the transmission rate of the first data frame, and B represents the transmission rate of the second data frame. For example, the base rate of the first data frame is approximately 100.436463 Gbit / s, significantly higher than the base rate of 100.390625 Gbit / s for the X00GE 257b block stream signal, and the base rate of the second data frame is 100.622438327 Gbit / s. Therefore, the future 1.6T OTN can fully support service bearers of 16*100GE, 8*200GE, 4*400GE, 2*800GE, or 1*1.6TE.

[0031] For example, the payload transmission rate of FlexO is about 48ppm or 49ppm higher than that of ODU. By setting A≤B-40ppm to accommodate frequency offset, FlexO has sufficient payload bandwidth to carry ODU, thereby ensuring effective mapping of the first data frame.

[0032] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations, the transmission rate of the first data frame is an integer multiple of 100.436463 Gbit / s. Here, 100.436463 Gbit / s can be considered as the base rate of the first data frame; therefore, the transmission rate of the first data frame is the base rate multiplied by an integer multiple.

[0033] Optionally, if the transmission rate of the first data frame and the transmission rate of the second data frame satisfy A = B * 10260 / 10280 Gbit / s, where A represents the transmission rate of the first data frame and B represents the transmission rate of the second data frame, then the transmission rate of the first payload area of ​​the first data frame is approximately an integer multiple of 100.426675 Gbit / s. Here, 100.426675 Gbit / s can be considered as the base rate of the first data frame; therefore, the transmission rate of the first data frame is the base rate multiplied by an integer multiple.

[0034] Optionally, if the transmission rate of the first data frame and the transmission rate of the second data frame satisfy A = B * 10261.5 / 10280 Gbit / s, where A represents the transmission rate of the first data frame and B represents the transmission rate of the second data frame, then the transmission rate of the first payload area of ​​the first data frame is approximately an integer multiple of 100.441357 Gbit / s. Here, 100.441357 Gbit / s can be considered as the base rate of the first data frame; therefore, the transmission rate of the first data frame is the base rate multiplied by an integer multiple.

[0035] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations, the transmission rate of the second data frame is an integer multiple of 100.622438327 Gbit / s. Here, 100.622438327 Gbit / s can be considered as the base rate of the second data frame; therefore, the transmission rate of the second data frame is the base rate multiplied by an integer multiple. For example, assuming the second data frame is FlexO-x, when x is 1, the transmission rate of the second data frame is 100.622438327 Gbit / s; when x is 2, the transmission rate of the second data frame is 2 × 100.622438327 Gbit / s, and so on. The transmission rate of FlexO-x is x × 100.622438327 Gbit / s.

[0036] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, mapping the first data frame to the second payload area and the third payload area in the second data frame includes: using a generic mapping procedure (GMP) to map the first data frame to the second payload area and the third payload area in the second data frame.

[0037] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first data frame is obtained by demapping from the second payload area and the third payload area of ​​the second data frame, including: using the General Mapping Procedure (GMP) to demapping from the second payload area and the third payload area of ​​the second data frame to obtain the first data frame.

[0038] For example, the first data frame is ODU and the second data frame is FlexO-n(e). In this case, each instance frame format of the ODU channel layer can be constructed using an improved FlexO instance frame. Each row of the ODU channel layer corresponds to one improved FlexO instance frame format.

[0039] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations, the second payload area is located in columns 149 to 160 of the second data frame, the second data frame includes a second overhead area, the second overhead area includes multiplex section hierarchical overhead, the second overhead area is located in the first 148 columns of the second data frame, and the multiplex section hierarchical overhead is located in the last 28 columns of the second overhead area.

[0040] For example, the multiplex section level overhead can be the basic overhead area (BOH) overhead of the multiplex section level. This application does not limit the specific name of the multiplex section level overhead.

[0041] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations, the BOH overhead includes first indication information that indicates the header position of the first data frame.

[0042] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations, the first indication information is located in rows 2 to 4 and rows 6 to 8 of column 4 of the BOH overhead.

[0043] Based on the above scheme, the first data frame is mapped to the second payload area and the third payload area in the second data frame using the GMP method. This mapping method is asynchronous mapping, which means that the position of the first data frame mapped to the second data frame is not fixed. Therefore, the second overhead area of ​​the second data frame can carry first indication information to indicate the position of the frame header of the first data frame. The receiving device can determine the position of the frame header of the first data frame based on the first indication information carried in the second overhead area of ​​the second data frame, and thus determine the specific location of the valid data carried by the first data frame. For example, the first indication information may indicate that the frame header of the first data frame is located in the 5th column of the second overhead area, that is, the first overhead area is mapped to the last 8 columns of the second payload area, and the first payload area is mapped to the third payload area, that is, mapped to columns 153 to 82088 of the second data frame; as another example, the first indication information may indicate that the frame header of the first data frame is located in the 1st column of the second overhead area, that is, the first payload area and the first payload area of ​​the first data frame are mapped to the second payload area and the third payload area in sequence, that is, mapped to columns 149 to 82088 of the second data frame, etc.

[0044] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, mapping the first data frame to the second payload area and the third payload area in the second data frame includes: using a bit-synchronous mapping procedure (BMP) to map the first data frame to the second payload area and the third payload area in the second data frame.

[0045] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first data frame is obtained by demapping from the second payload area and the third payload area of ​​the second data frame, including: using the Bit Synchronization Mapping Procedure (BMP) to demapping from the second payload area and the third payload area of ​​the second data frame to obtain the first data frame.

[0046] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations, the second payload area is located in columns 153 to 160 of the second data frame, the second data frame includes a second overhead area, the second overhead area includes multiplex section hierarchical overhead, the second overhead area is located in the first 152 columns of the second data frame, and the multiplex section hierarchical overhead is located in the last 32 columns of the second overhead area.

[0047] In some implementations, in conjunction with the first or second aspect, the first overhead area is mapped to the second payload area, and the first payload area is mapped to the third payload area.

[0048] Based on the above scheme, the BMP (Browser-Macro) method is used to map the first data frame to the second and third payload areas in the second data frame. This mapping method is synchronous mapping, meaning that the mapping positions of the first data frame in the second data frame are fixed. For example, the first overhead area is mapped to the second payload area, and the first payload area is mapped to the third payload area. Therefore, the second overhead area of ​​the second data frame does not need to carry the first indication information to indicate the mapping position of the first data frame in the second data frame.

[0049] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations, the first overhead region includes frame alignment signal (FAS) overhead, which is used for frame alignment, and the FAS overhead is located in the first row and the first to fourth columns of the first overhead region.

[0050] Optionally, FAS overhead and first indication information (e.g., CFS overhead) may not exist simultaneously. Specifically, if the first data frame includes FAS overhead, the second data frame may not carry the first indication information; or, if the second data frame includes the first indication information, the first data frame may not carry the FAS overhead, and this is not limited.

[0051] Optionally, FAS overhead and first indication information (e.g., CFS overhead) can coexist. That is, the first overhead area of ​​the first data frame carries FAS overhead, and the second overhead area of ​​the second data frame carries first indication information. Both the first indication information and FAS overhead are used for framing, that is, determining the frame header position of the first data frame, and thus determining the position of the valid data of the first data frame.

[0052] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations, the first overhead region includes frame alignment signal (FAS) overhead, MFAS overhead is used for multiframe alignment, the MFAS overhead is located in the 1st row and 7th column of the first overhead region, and the number of bytes occupied by the MFAS overhead is 1 byte.

[0053] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations, the first overhead area includes at least one of the following: trail trace identifier (TTI) overhead, delay measurement (DM) overhead, path monitoring (PM) overhead, tandem connection monitoring (TCM) overhead, or automatic protection switching (APS) overhead, wherein the TTI overhead, DM overhead, and APS overhead are arranged in a multiframe consisting of 4 data frames, and the TTI overhead, DM overhead, and APS overhead are located in the 5th and 6th columns of the 1st to 3rd rows of the first overhead area.

[0054] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations, the TTI overhead transmission period is 13.392ms, and the TTI overhead reception period can be 40.1756ms. The DM overhead transmission and reception periods are both 6.6959ms. The APS overhead transmission period is 0.83699ms, and the APS overhead reception period can be 2.51098ms; or, the APS overhead transmission period is 0.4185ms, and the APS overhead reception period can be 1.2555ms.

[0055] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations, the first overhead area includes multiple CM overheads, each of the multiple CM overheads is transmitted twice in the first data frame, and the multiple CM overheads are located in the first 4 columns of the first overhead area.

[0056] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations, the first overhead area includes customer-mapping specific overhead located in columns 7 and 8 of rows 2 to 8 of the first overhead area.

[0057] Understandably, the first overhead area in the first data frame can be used to cover the overhead required to construct the ODU. In the embodiments of this application, the first data frame has a smaller overhead area and a larger payload area, resulting in higher service carrying capacity and efficiency.

[0058] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an apparatus for transmitting data frames. This apparatus is used to execute the method provided in the first aspect, or to execute the method provided in the second aspect. Specifically, the apparatus may include units and / or modules for executing the method provided in the first aspect or any of the above-described implementations of the first aspect; alternatively, the apparatus may include units and / or modules for executing the method provided in the second aspect or any of the above-described implementations of the second aspect, such as a processing module and a transceiver module.

[0059] In one implementation, the means for transmitting data frames may include units and / or modules for performing the method provided in the first aspect or any of the above implementations of the first aspect, serving as a transmitting end device. The transceiver module may be a transceiver, or an input / output interface. The processing module may be at least one processor. Optionally, the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit. Optionally, the input / output interface may be an input / output circuit.

[0060] Alternatively, the means of transmitting the data frame may be a chip, chip system, or circuit in the transmitting device. The transceiver module may be an input / output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin, or related circuit on the chip, chip system, or circuit. The processing module may be at least one processor, processing circuit, or logic circuit.

[0061] In another implementation, the means for transmitting data frames may include units and / or modules for performing the methods provided in the second aspect or any of the above implementations of the second aspect, serving as a receiving device. The transceiver module may be a transceiver, or an input / output interface. The processing module may be at least one processor. Optionally, the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit. Optionally, the input / output interface may be an input / output circuit.

[0062] Alternatively, the means of transmitting the data frame can be a chip, chip system, or circuit in the receiving device. The transceiver module can be an input / output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin, or related circuit on the chip, chip system, or circuit. The processing module can be at least one processor, processing circuit, or logic circuit.

[0063] Fourthly, a processor is provided for executing the methods provided in the above aspects.

[0064] Unless otherwise specified, or if it does not contradict its actual function or internal logic in the relevant description, the transmission and acquisition / reception operations involved in the processor can be understood as processor output and reception, input and other operations, or as transmission and reception operations performed by radio frequency circuits and antennas. This application does not limit them in this regard.

[0065] Fifthly, an optical module is provided, comprising a signal processor and an optical transmitting component. The signal processor is used to execute the method provided in the first aspect or any of the above-described implementations of the first aspect. The optical transmitting component is used to convert a second data frame into an optical signal and transmit the optical signal.

[0066] In a sixth aspect, an optical module is provided, comprising a signal processor and an optical receiving component. The optical receiving component is used to receive optical signals and convert the optical signals into second data frames; the signal processor is used to execute the method provided in the second aspect or any of the above-described implementations of the second aspect.

[0067] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this application provide a network device, the network device comprising: a processor and an input / output interface, for executing the method provided in any implementation of the first or second aspect described above, wherein the input / output interface is used to send and receive a second data frame, and the processor is used to process the second data frame.

[0068] Eighthly, a computer-readable storage medium is provided. This computer-readable storage medium stores program code for execution by a device, the program code including methods for performing any implementation of the first or second aspect described above.

[0069] A ninth aspect provides a computer program product containing instructions. When the computer program product is run on a computer or processor, it causes the computer or processor to perform the method provided by any implementation of the first or second aspect described above.

[0070] In a tenth aspect, a chip is provided. The chip includes a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor reads instructions stored in a memory through the communication interface and executes the method provided in any implementation of the first or second aspect described above.

[0071] Optionally, as one implementation, the chip also includes a memory storing computer programs or instructions, and a processor for executing the computer programs or instructions stored in the memory. When the computer programs or instructions are executed, the processor is used to perform the method provided by any of the implementations of the first or second aspect described above.

[0072] The beneficial effects of the third to tenth aspects mentioned above can be found in the descriptions of the beneficial effects in the first or second aspects, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0073] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an OTN optical network system applicable to an embodiment of this application.

[0074] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an OTN device applicable to an embodiment of this application.

[0075] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an optical module applicable to an embodiment of this application.

[0076] Figure 4 is a schematic flowchart of a data frame transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0077] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of the first data frame provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0078] Figures 6 to 8 are schematic diagrams of the frame structure of the second data frame provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0079] Figures 9 to 11 are schematic diagrams of the mapping method between the first data frame and the second data frame provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0080] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of another frame structure of a second data frame provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0081] Figure 13 is a schematic flowchart of a data frame transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0082] Figure 14 is a schematic block diagram of a data frame transmission device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0083] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a data frame transmission device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0084] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of a chip system provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0085] The following description is provided to facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application.

[0086] (1) In this application, unless otherwise specified or logically conflicting, the terms and / or descriptions of different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features of different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0087] (2) In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. In the textual description of this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the related objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, and c can mean: a, or, b, or, c, or, a and b, or, a and c, or, b and c, or, a, b, and c. Where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0088] (3) In this application, the terms "first," "second," and various numerical designations are used for convenience of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. For example, they are used to distinguish different messages, rather than to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such descriptions can be interchanged where appropriate to describe solutions other than those in the embodiments of this application.

[0089] (4) In this application, “instruction” or “for instruction” can include both direct instruction and indirect instruction. When describing an instruction as being used to instruct A, it can include whether the instruction directly instructs A or indirectly instructs A, but does not necessarily mean that the instruction carries A.

[0090] The indication methods involved in the embodiments of this application should be understood to cover various methods that enable the party to be indicated to obtain the information to be indicated. The information to be indicated can be sent as a whole or divided into multiple sub-information and sent separately. Moreover, the sending period and / or sending time of these sub-information can be the same or different. This application does not limit the sending method, for example.

[0091] (5) In this application, the words “exemplary,” “for example,” etc., are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as an “example” in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word “example” is intended to present the concept in a concrete manner. In the embodiments of this application, “of,” “corresponding, relevant,” “corresponding,” and “associate” may sometimes be used interchangeably, and it should be noted that their intended meanings are consistent unless their distinctions are emphasized.

[0092] (6) In this application, "send" and "receive" indicate the direction of signal transmission. For example, "receiving information from YY" can be understood as the source of the information being YY, which may include receiving directly from YY through a communication interface (or input / output interface), or receiving indirectly from YY through a communication interface from other units or modules. "Send" can also be understood as the "output" of the chip interface, and "receive" can also be understood as the "input" of the chip interface. In other words, sending and receiving can be performed between devices, such as between OTN device #1 and OTN device #2, or they can be performed within a device, for example, by sending or receiving between components, modules, chips, software modules, or hardware modules within the device via a bus, trace, or interface.

[0093] (7) In this application, "data frame" may also be referred to as "frame" or "signal". For example, an OTN frame may be referred to as an OTN signal, an OTN frame, or an OTN data frame. It should be noted that both "frame" and "signal" in this application are used to carry service data. When used to describe the data structure carrying service data, it is generally understood as "frame" such as an ODU frame; when used to describe the carrier carrying service data, or to describe the transmission of service data, it is generally understood as "signal". In the following description, this application does not make a special distinction between "frame" and "signal".

[0094] Specifically, the OTN signal can be any one of the following: optical payload unit (OPU) signal, ODU signal (such as ODUk, ODUflex, etc.), optical transport unit (OTU) signal (such as OTUk, OTUCn, where k represents different rate levels and Cn represents variable rate), or FlexO signal. The FlexO signal can be any one of the following: FlexO instance, FlexO interface signal (e.g., FlexO-n, FlexO-n(e), FlexO-x, FlexO-x(e), FlexO-x-FEC, FlexO-x-FEC-m), or other FlexO interface signals exceeding 100 Gbit / s defined by future OTN signal developments. It should be understood that this application also applies to other data frames, such as metro transport network (MTN) frames, or to new types of OTN and MTN frames that may be defined as OTN and MTN technologies develop.

[0095] (8) In this application, the transmitting device and the receiving device are used as the main entities for illustrative purposes. A device may be called a node or a node device, and a transmitting device may be called a transmitting node, a transmitting end, or a source node. Similarly, in this application, a receiving device may be called a receiving device, a receiving end, or a destination node. Exemplarily, a transmitting device may be called a transmitting end device, a transmitting end node, or a transmitting node, etc., and similarly, in this application, a receiving device may be called a receiving end device, a receiving end node, or a receiving node, etc. For example, the transmitting device may be an OTN device (such as OTN device A shown in Figure 1) that receives service data from a client device (such as the client device shown in Figure 1). Alternatively, the transmitting device may be any other device capable of implementing an OTN device. The specific form of the transmitting or receiving device in the embodiments of this application is not limited, as long as it can achieve the corresponding communication function.

[0096] The technical solution of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0097] The embodiments of this application are applicable to optical networks, such as OTN. An OTN is typically composed of multiple devices connected by optical fibers, and can be configured into different topologies such as linear, ring, and mesh, depending on specific needs.

[0098] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an OTN optical network system applicable to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 1, OTN 100 includes eight interconnected OTN devices 101, namely devices AH. 102 indicates an optical fiber used to connect two devices; 103 indicates a customer service interface used to receive or send customer service data. As shown in Figure 1, OTN 100 is used to transmit service data for customer devices 1-3. Customer devices 1-3 can be Ethernet devices, and the service data can be Ethernet service data. The customer devices are connected to the OTN devices through the customer service interface. For example, in Figure 1, customer devices 1-3 are connected to OTN devices A, H, and F respectively.

[0099] Depending on the specific needs, an OTN device may possess different functions. Generally speaking, OTN devices are categorized into optical layer devices, electrical layer devices, and hybrid optoelectronic devices. Optical layer devices refer to those capable of processing optical layer signals, such as optical amplifiers and optical add-drop multiplexers. Optical amplifiers amplify optical signals to support longer transmission distances while maintaining specific optical signal performance. Optical add-drop multiplexers perform spatial transformations on optical signals, allowing them to be output from different output ports (sometimes referred to as directions). Electrical layer devices refer to those capable of processing electrical layer signals, such as devices capable of processing OTN signals. Hybrid optoelectronic devices refer to devices capable of processing both optical and electrical layer signals. It should be noted that, depending on specific integration requirements, an OTN device can integrate multiple different functions. The technical solutions provided in this application are applicable to OTN devices with different forms and integration levels that include electrical layer functions.

[0100] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an OTN device applicable to an embodiment of this application. Specifically, the OTN device may include one or more of a tributary board, a line board, and a cross-connect board, and may also include one or more of a system control board, a power supply, a fan, and auxiliary boards.

[0101] The circuit board can also be an optical layer processing board. Depending on specific needs, the type and number of boards included in each device may differ. For example, an OTN device acting as a core node may not have tributary boards. An OTN device acting as an edge node may have multiple tributary boards. Power supply boards are used to power the OTN device and may include primary and backup power supplies. Fan boards are used for heat dissipation. Auxiliary boards provide auxiliary functions such as external alarms or access to external clocks. Tributary boards, cross-connect boards, and circuit boards are primarily used to process OTN electrical layer signals (also known as OTN frames). Tributary boards are used to receive and transmit various client signals (also known as client services). Client signals can include constant bit rate (CBR) signals (e.g., synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) signals) and packet signals (e.g., Ethernet signals). Furthermore, tributary boards can include client-side optical modules and signal processors. Client-side optical modules are used to receive and / or transmit client signals. Signal processors are used to perform mapping and demapping processing of client signals to OTN frames. The signal processor can be located inside or outside the customer-side optical module. If the signal processor is a combination of multiple chips, one (or some) of the chips can be inside the customer-side optical module, while the others are outside. The cross-connect board is used to implement the switching of OTN frames, for example, to perform the switching of one or more types of OTN frames. The line board mainly implements the processing of line-side OTN frames. Specifically, the line board can include a line-side optical module and a signal processor. The line-side optical module, which can be called an optical transceiver, is used to receive and / or transmit optical signals carrying OTN frames. The signal processor is used to implement multiplexing and demultiplexing, or mapping and demapping processing of line-side OTN frames. The signal processor can be located inside or outside the line-side optical module. If the signal processor is a combination of multiple chips, one (or some) of the chips can be inside the line-side optical module, while the others are outside. The customer-side optical module or the line-side optical module can also be collectively referred to as an optical module or an optical transceiver. The signal processors in either the customer-side or line-side optical modules can be optical digital signal processors (oDSPs) or framers, or a combination of framers and oDSPs. System control boards are used for system control. Specifically, the system control board can collect information from different boards or send control commands to the corresponding boards.

[0102] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, a specific component (such as a tributary board) may be one or more, and this application does not impose any restrictions. This application also does not impose any restrictions on the type of boards included in the device, or on the functional design and number of the boards. It should also be noted that, in a specific implementation, the two boards mentioned above may also be designed as a single board. Furthermore, network devices may also include backup power supplies, fans for device cooling, auxiliary boards for providing external alarms or accessing external clocks, etc.

[0103] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an optical module applicable to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 3, the optical module may include a signal processor, an optical transmitting component, and an optical receiving component. As mentioned above, the signal processor may include a Framer or an oDSP, or a combination of a Framer and an oDSP. The optical module can be a unidirectional optical module, that is, it includes one of an optical transmitting component and an optical receiving component. The optical module can also be a bidirectional optical module, that is, it includes both an optical transmitting component and an optical receiving component.

[0104] Framer, also known as a service chip or physical layer (PHY) chip, is primarily used to perform OTN electrical layer encapsulation / decapsulation (or mapping / demapping). Framers encapsulate client signals into OTN frames or decapsulate OTN frames to obtain client signals. For example, a framer can encapsulate client signals into ODUs, encapsulate low-rate ODUs into high-rate ODUs, encapsulate ODUs into flexible OTN (FlexO) frames, or directly encapsulate client signals into FlexO frames. Decapsulation is the reverse process of encapsulation.

[0105] The oDSP is used to perform digital signal processing on OTN frames generated by the Framer, or on electrical signals obtained from the optical receiving component. The oDSP is used to perform one or more of the following processing operations: forward error correction (FEC), clock recovery, equalization, sequence detection, and signal decision.

[0106] FEC is an error control method that refers to pre-encoding the signal according to a certain algorithm before it is sent into the transmission channel, adding redundant data with the characteristics of the signal itself, and then decoding the received signal at the receiving end according to the corresponding algorithm to find and correct the error codes generated during transmission.

[0107] Optical transmitting module (TOSA), also known as a transmitter optical subassembly, is used to convert electrical signals into optical signals. A TOSA may include a light source, a driver chip, and a modulator. The light source can be a semiconductor laser (also known as a laser diode (LD)) or a light emitting diode (LED). The driver chip processes the electrical signals generated by the oDSP and drives the light source to emit modulated optical signals. The modulated optical signals are transmitted to the fiber optic line via an optical fiber interface.

[0108] Optical receiver assembly (ROSA), also known as a receiver optical subassembly, is used to convert optical signals into electrical signals. ROSA may include photodetectors, amplifiers, etc. The photodetector can be an avalanche photodiode (APD) or a PIN photodiode. The amplifier may include a preamplifier and a post-amplifier. After the optical signal enters from the fiber optic interface, it is converted into an electrical signal by the photodetector, and then amplified by the amplifier to output an amplified electrical signal.

[0109] It should be noted that the client signal involved in the embodiments of this application can refer to the service carried by the optical transport network or metropolitan area transport network, such as Ethernet service, packet service, or wireless backhaul service. The client signal can also be referred to as client-side signal, client signal, service signal, service data, client data, or client service data, etc.

[0110] Figures 1 to 3 above are merely illustrative examples for ease of understanding, and other structural schemes are not excluded.

[0111] Optical Transport Network (OTN) is a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) transmission network based on optical fiber interconnection. For a single high-speed optical port, multiple sub-channels can be used to carry different services through TDM time slot partitioning. For example, a 100G optical port can be divided into 80 1.25G time slots, carrying 80 ODU0 or 10 ODU2. Currently, OTN networks are demanding greater service bandwidth. B1T OTN technology, with a typical rate of 1.6Tbps, can efficiently support the transport of 100GE / 200GE / 400GE / 800GE / 1.6TE B100GE services. In B1T OTN, each B100GE service is carried by an ODU (or simply B1TODU) with a transmission speed exceeding 1T bits per second (B1T).

[0112] For example, in the transmission of 100GE service signals, if 64b / 66b encoding is used to encode the service signal into a 66-bit code block data stream, this 66-bit code block data stream is mapped to OPU4 and encapsulated into ODU4. Then, ODU4 is mapped to OPUCN and encapsulated into OPUCN, and OPUCN is mapped to a FlexO frame. In the transmission of service signals greater than 100GE (which can be abbreviated as B100GE, such as 400GE or 800GE), if 64b / 66b encoding is used to encode the service signal into a 66-bit code block data stream, this 66-bit code block data stream is mapped to ODUflex, ODUflex is mapped to OPUCN and encapsulated into OPUCN, and then OPUCN is mapped to a FlexO frame. As can be seen, when transmitting service signals in OTN, multiple layers of encapsulation are required for the customer signals. Each layer of encapsulation adds corresponding overhead to achieve the operation, maintenance, and management of the corresponding layer of the service.

[0113] For example, in FlexO-n(e) technology, B100GE customer signals can be mapped to one or more 100G instances of FlexO-n(e). FlexO-n(e) comprises n synchronously aligned FlexO frame structures. Each FlexO frame structure includes alignment marker (AM) or alignment mechanism (AM) overhead for framing, extended overhead area (EOH) overhead for the regenerator section level, BOH overhead for the multiplexer section level, and a payload area. However, this implementation is only suitable for point-to-point transmission of B100GE services and cannot support flexible scheduling at the channel layer.

[0114] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a data frame transmission method and apparatus, which are applied in optical transmission networks. By designing the frame structure of the first data frame and the second data frame, and supporting the mapping of the first data frame to the second data frame, the mapping of channel layer data frames to segment layer data frames can be realized, thereby achieving flexible scheduling of the channel layer and ensuring transmission performance.

[0115] The data frame transmission method provided in this application embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to Figures 4 to 13, and can be applied to the communication system shown in Figure 1 above. It should be understood that the embodiments of this application can be applied to scenarios where the sending device and the receiving device communicate.

[0116] It should also be understood that the embodiments shown below do not specifically limit the structure of the execution subject of the method provided in the embodiments of this application. As long as communication can be performed according to the method provided in the embodiments of this application by running the code or program that records the method provided in the embodiments of this application. For example, the method provided in the embodiments of this application can be executed by a transmitting device and a receiving device. Unless otherwise specified, the device in this application, such as the transmitting device and the receiving device, can refer to the device itself (e.g., an OTN device), or a component in the device (e.g., a communication module, processor, circuit, chip (such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a SoC chip or SIP chip containing a modem core), or a chip system, etc.), or it can be a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the device functions.

[0117] Figure 4 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting data frames in an optical transmission network according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 4, the method includes the following steps.

[0118] S410, the transmitting device maps the first data frame to the second payload area and the third payload area of ​​the second data frame.

[0119] The first data frame includes a first overhead area and a first payload area. The first payload area and the third payload area are the same size. The number of bits occupied by the second payload area is greater than or equal to the number of bits occupied by the first overhead area.

[0120] In other words, the sending device maps the first data frame to the second payload area and the third payload area of ​​the second data frame. This can be understood as the sending device mapping the first overhead area and the first payload area of ​​the first data frame to the second payload area and the third payload area of ​​the second data frame. The first overhead area carries overhead information, and the first payload area carries valid data (or service data).

[0121] In this application, a data frame (e.g., a first data frame or a second data frame) refers to a data frame in the transport layer. The first or second data frame is used to carry or bear valid data (or service data); therefore, a data frame is a service-bearing data frame and can also be called a service data frame. For example, service data refers to services that can be carried by an optical transport network or a metropolitan area transport network, including but not limited to Ethernet services, packet services, or wireless backhaul services. Service data can also be called service signals, customer data, customer-side signals, client signals, or customer service data. The application scenarios corresponding to service data can be data center networks (including interconnections within and between data centers), enterprise networks, carrier networks, etc. Furthermore, the service type corresponding to service data can also be Ethernet services, constant bit rate (CBR) services, etc. Simultaneously, the services corresponding to the service can include various types of services, such as internet access, video and voice calls, etc. This application does not limit the type and name of service data.

[0122] The frame structures of the first and second data frames will be illustrated below with reference to Figures 5 to 8.

[0123] In this application, the first data frame can be a path layer data frame. For example, the first data frame is a B1T path layer data frame, or a path layer ultra-1T optical data unit (e.g., B1TODU) frame. This application does not limit the specific name of the first data frame.

[0124] For example, the first data frame has x rows and 82080+y columns. The first overhead area is located in the first y columns of the first data frame, and the first payload area is located in the last 82080 columns of the first data frame, where x and y are both positive integers. For example, x = y = 8. That is, the first data frame can be 8 rows and 82088 columns, with the first overhead area located in the first 8 columns and the first payload area located in the last 82080 columns. The specific frame structure can be seen in Figure 5. Each row and each column occupies one byte, therefore the first data frame occupies 8 * 82088 bytes, the first overhead area occupies 8 * 8 = 64 bytes, and the first payload area occupies 8 * 82080 bytes. It can be understood that the first overhead area can be used to construct the overhead required for the ODU. In the embodiments of this application, the first data frame has a smaller overhead area and a larger payload area, resulting in higher service carrying capacity and efficiency.

[0125] The following explanation, with reference to Figure 6, details the fields contained in the first overhead area of ​​the first data frame.

[0126] For example, the first overhead region includes at least one of the following: Frame Alignment Signal (FAS) overhead, Multiframe Alignment Signal (MFAS) overhead, CM overhead, Path Trace Identifier (TTI) overhead, Delay Measurement (DM) overhead, Channel Layer Path Monitoring (PM) overhead, Serial Connection Monitoring (TCM) overhead, Automatic Protection Switching (APS) overhead, or client mapping specific overhead. The specific interpretations of the fields included in the overhead region are shown below. For parts not covered in detail, please refer to the existing relevant descriptions, which will not be explained here.

[0127] (1) FAS overhead;

[0128] FAS, also known as frame header or frame header indicator, is used for frame alignment. For example, the FAS overhead can be located in the first row, first column to fourth column of the first overhead area. Optionally, the FAS can be set to a fixed value, such as 4 bytes "0xF6F62828". In this implementation, an independent FAS is constructed on the first data frame. Correspondingly, after the receiving device demaps the first data frame from the payload area of ​​the second data frame, it can determine the frame header of the first data frame based on the FAS overhead in the first data frame, and thus determine the location of the valid data carried by the first data frame. Framing the first data frame does not depend on the frame header indicator carried in the second data frame (hereinafter referred to as the first indicator information carried in the second data frame), which allows for decoupling between the channel layer and the segment layer.

[0129] For example, the FAS overhead transmission period can be 52.312ms and the reception period can be 78.468μs.

[0130] Optionally, the FAS overhead and the first indication information (e.g., CFS overhead) carried in the second data frame below may not exist simultaneously. Specifically, if the first data frame includes FAS overhead, the second data frame may not carry the first indication information; or, if the second data frame includes the first indication information, the first data frame may not carry the FAS overhead, and this is not limited.

[0131] Optionally, FAS overhead and first indication information (e.g., CFS overhead) can coexist. That is, the first overhead region of the first data frame carries the FAS overhead, and the second overhead region of the second data frame carries the first indication information. Both the first indication information and the FAS overhead are used for framing, i.e., determining the frame header of the first data frame, which in turn determines the location of the valid data carried by the first data frame. During the demapping process, the receiving device can first determine the frame header of the second data frame, then demapping the payload region of the second data frame to obtain the first data frame, and then framing the first data frame based on the FAS overhead or the first indication information, thereby determining the frame header position and the location of the valid data.

[0132] (2) MFAS overhead;

[0133] The MFAS overhead is used for multiframe alignment. As shown in Figure 6, the MFAS overhead can be located in the 1st row and 7th column of the first overhead area, occupying 1 byte. For example, the value of MFAS can be 0, 1, 2, or 3.

[0134] (3) TTI overhead;

[0135] The TTI overhead is used to store the path trace information of the frame. As shown in Figure 6, the TTI1 overhead is located in the 1st row and 5th column of the first overhead area, and the TTI2 overhead is located in the 1st row and 6th column of the first overhead area, each occupying 1 byte. For example, the transmission period of the 64-byte TTI overhead can be 13.392ms, and the reception period of the 64-byte TTI overhead can be 40.1756ms.

[0136] (4) DM expenses;

[0137] As shown in Figure 6, DM1 overhead is located in the 2nd row and 5th column of the first overhead area, and DM2 overhead is located in the 2nd row and 6th column of the first overhead area, each occupying 1 byte. For example, the transmission period and reception period of DM overhead can both be 6.6959ms.

[0138] (5) APS overhead;

[0139] As shown in Figure 6, the APS1 overhead is located in the 3rd row and 5th column of the first overhead area, and the APS2 overhead is located in the 3rd row and 6th column of the first overhead area, each occupying 1 byte. For example, the transmission period of 4 bytes of APS overhead can be 0.83699ms, and the reception period of 4 bytes of APS overhead can be 2.51098ms; the transmission period of 2 bytes of APS overhead can be 0.4185ms, and the reception period of 2 bytes of APS overhead can be 1.2555ms.

[0140] (6) PM expenses;

[0141] PM overhead is used to perform end-to-end path monitoring of frames and may include at least one of the following: Path Trace Identifier (TTI), Bit Interleaved Parity (BIP), Backward Error Indication (BEI), Backward Defect Indication (BDI), or Status Indicator (STAT). Specifically, BEI indicates whether there are bit errors in the receive-direction path, BDI indicates whether a fault has occurred in the receive-direction path, and STAT identifies path status information, such as alarm indication signals or idle signal indications transmitted downstream.

[0142] (7) TCM overhead;

[0143] TCM overhead is used to complete the monitoring function of frame concatenation.

[0144] (8) CM overhead;

[0145] As shown in Figure 6, the first overhead area includes 8 CM overheads, such as CM1 to CM8. Each CM overhead is transmitted twice in the first overhead area. The 8 CM overheads are located in the first 4 columns of the first overhead area, occupying 8*4 bytes.

[0146] (9) Customers map specific expenses;

[0147] Client mapping-specific overhead is used to indicate the mapping of business data to the first data frame; that is, client mapping-specific overhead can be regarded as business-related overhead. For example, it is used to indicate which mapping method is currently used to complete the mapping of business data to the data frame, or the amount of data (number of bytes or bits) occupied by business data in the first data frame. As shown in Figure 6, client mapping-specific overhead is located in the 7th and 8th columns of rows 2 to 8 of the first overhead area, occupying 7*2 bytes.

[0148] In one possible implementation, for the first overhead area of ​​the first data frame, the transmission rate for 1 line period can be 6.539 μs, the transmission rate for 4 line periods can be 26.156 μs, and the transmission rate for 8 line periods can be 52.312 μs.

[0149] The above description of the frame structure size of the first data frame, as well as the size and specific location of the first overhead area and the first payload area, is merely an example for ease of understanding and does not exclude other solutions.

[0150] In this application, the second data frame is a section layer data frame, such as a B1T section layer data frame. For example, the second data frame is a FlexO frame or a ZR frame. A FlexO frame can be a FlexO-n frame, a FlexO-n(e) frame, a FlexO-x frame, or a FlexO-x(e) frame. FlexO-n(e) contains n synchronized FlexO frame structures, each FlexO frame structure containing framing overhead, regeneration section layer overhead, multiplexing section layer overhead, and a payload area. This application does not limit the specific name of the second data frame.

[0151] For example, the framing overhead can be AM overhead, the regenerator section level overhead can be EOH overhead at the regenerator section level, and the multiplex section level overhead can be BOH overhead at the multiplex section level; their specific names are not limited.

[0152] It should be noted that when the second data frame is a FlexO frame, this FlexO frame can be an improved FlexO frame. Specifically, the last 12 bytes or 8 bytes of the reserved field (RES) overhead of the BOH overhead in the FlexO frame are used as the second payload area of ​​the improved FlexO frame. That is, the RES overhead area of ​​the FlexO frame is effectively utilized, which increases the payload area of ​​the improved FlexO frame. As a result, the bandwidth of the service data carried by the improved FlexO frame is larger, the carrying efficiency is higher, and the transmission performance can be guaranteed.

[0153] For example, the second data frame is 4 rows and 82240 columns or 8 rows and 82240 columns. The second payload area is located from column 149 to column 160 or column 153 to column 160 of the second data frame, and the third payload area is located from the last 82080 columns of the second data frame. The specific frame structure can be seen in Figure 7 or Figure 8. As shown in Figure 7, the second data frame is 8 rows and 82240 columns, occupying 8*82240 bytes. The second data frame includes a second overhead area, a second payload area, and a third payload area. The second overhead area is located in the first 160 columns of the second data frame, occupying 8*160 bytes. The second payload area is located from column 149 to column 160 of the second data frame, occupying 12*8 bytes. The third payload area is located in the last 82080 columns of the second data frame, occupying 8*82080 bytes. That is, the payload area of ​​the second data frame is located in the last 82092 columns of the second data frame, occupying 8*82092 bytes. Optionally, the second payload area can be considered as an extension of the last 12 bytes of the RES overhead in the original FlexO-n(e) BOH overhead, where the RES field is 8*12 bytes in size. As shown in Figure 8, the second data frame consists of 8 rows and 82240 columns, occupying 8*82240 bytes. The second data frame includes a second overhead area, a second payload area, and a third payload area. The second overhead area is located in the first 152 columns of the second data frame, occupying 8*152 bytes. The second payload area is located in columns 153 to 160 of the second data frame, occupying 8*8 bytes. The third payload area is located in the last 82080 columns of the second data frame, occupying 8*82080 bytes. In other words, the payload area of ​​the second data frame is located in the last 82088 columns of the second data frame, occupying 8*82088 bytes. Alternatively, the second payload area can be viewed as an extension of the last 8 bytes of the RES overhead of the BOH overhead in the original FlexO-n(e), where the RES field is 8*8 bytes in size.

[0154] Based on the second data frame shown in Figure 7 or Figure 8, the second overhead area of ​​this second data frame occupies 148 bytes or 152 bytes. The second overhead area can maintain the original FlexO overhead and mode. For example, the second overhead area may include AM overhead for framing, EOH overhead for the regenerator section level, and BOH overhead for the multiplexer section level. The AM overhead is located in columns 1 to 60 of the second data frame, occupying 8*60 bytes; the EOH overhead is located in columns 61 to 120 of the second data frame, occupying 8*60 bytes; and the BOH overhead is located in columns 121 to 148 of the second data frame. Alternatively, the BOH overhead is located in the last 28 columns of the second overhead area, occupying 8*28 bytes. For the specific meanings of AM overhead, EOH overhead, and BOH overhead, please refer to existing descriptions; for brevity, they will not be explained here.

[0155] The above description of the frame structure size of the second data frame, as well as the size and specific location of the second overhead area, the second payload area, and the third payload area, is merely an example for ease of understanding and does not exclude other solutions.

[0156] In this application, the first payload area and the third payload area are identical; for example, they occupy the same number of rows and columns. This design enables synchronous mapping, reducing the complexity of the mapping process and lowering power consumption. Since the first and third payload areas are the same size, the process of mapping customer signals to the first payload area can reuse existing methods for mapping customer signals to the third payload area, simplifying operations and reducing processing complexity. Without changing the transmission rate of the FlexO data frame, by designing the frame structure of the first and second data frames, and mapping the first data frame to the payload area of ​​the second data frame, the implementation steps can be simplified and power consumption reduced. For example, when the first data frame is an ODU and the second data frame is FlexO-n(e), the process of mapping the ODU to FlexO-n(e) can reuse the existing mapping process for FlexO-n(e) carrying services.

[0157] In this application, the number of bits occupied by the second payload area is greater than or equal to the number of bits occupied by the first overhead area, or in other words, the second payload area is greater than or equal to the first overhead area. Therefore, the number of bits occupied by the first data frame is less than or equal to the number of bits occupied by the payload of the second data frame, which can adapt to different mapping methods. For example, when the second payload area is greater than the first overhead area, it means that the number of bits occupied by the first data frame is less than the number of bits occupied by the payload of the second data frame. In this case, the first data frame can be mapped to the payload area of ​​the second data frame using GMP. When the second payload area is equal to the first overhead area, it means that the number of bits occupied by the first data frame is equal to the number of bits occupied by the payload of the second data frame. In this case, the first data frame can be mapped to the payload area of ​​the second data frame using BMP, thereby realizing the mapping or adaptation between data frames at different levels and ensuring the effective mapping of the first data frame. In addition, the second payload area can be obtained using the overhead reserved field of the second data frame. Therefore, the overhead area of ​​the second data frame is fully utilized, the overhead ratio is reduced, the carrying efficiency of the payload area of ​​the second data frame is improved, and thus the transmission performance is improved. At this point, the transmission rate of the second data frame can be an integer multiple of 100.622 Gbit / s. For example, when the first data frame is an ODU and the second data frame is a FlexO-n(e), this implementation is compatible with the original FlexO-n(e) interface, supports the interface between the original FlexO-n(e) interface and the ODU interface, and ensures that the ODU can be effectively mapped to FlexO-n(e).

[0158] In this application, "area" can be replaced by region, interval, part, block, subframe, or short frame. For example, overhead area can be replaced by overhead part, overhead region, or overhead block, etc., and payload area can be replaced by payload part, payload region, or payload block, etc., and this application does not limit it in this way.

[0159] Based on the first and second data frames mentioned above, the specific implementation method of the transmitting device mapping the first data frame to the second payload area and the third payload area of ​​the second data frame in step S410 is described.

[0160] In one implementation, the transmitting device uses the General Mapping Procedure (GMP) to map the first data frame to the second payload area and the third payload area in the second data frame.

[0161] For example, based on the first data frame shown in Figure 5 and the second data frame shown in Figure 7, the transmitting device can use GMP to map the first data frame to the second payload area and the third payload area in the second data frame. In other words, the transmitting device can use GMP to map the first overhead area and the first payload area of ​​the first data frame to the second payload area and the third payload area in the second data frame. The specific mapping method can be seen in Figure 9.

[0162] Specifically, Figure 9 illustrates this using the example of an ODU as the first data frame and a FlexO as the second data frame. In this case, each instance frame format of the ODU channel layer can be constructed using an improved FlexO instance frame. Each row of the ODU channel layer corresponds to one improved FlexO instance frame format.

[0163] Understandably, since the mapping method shown in Figure 9 is asynchronous mapping, it means that the position of the first data frame mapped to the second data frame is not fixed. Therefore, the second overhead area of ​​the second data frame can carry the first indication information (e.g., client frame start (CFS) overhead). For example, the BOH overhead in the second overhead area includes the first indication information, which is used to indicate the position of the frame header of the first data frame. Then, combined with other mapping fields, the specific position of the first data frame mapped to the payload area of ​​the second data frame can be determined. For example, the first indication information may indicate that the frame header of the first data frame is located in the 5th column of the second overhead area, that is, the first overhead area is mapped to the last 8 columns of the second payload area, and the first payload area is mapped to the third payload area, that is, mapped to columns 153 to 82088 of the second data frame; as another example, the first indication information may indicate that the frame header of the first data frame is located in the 1st column of the second overhead area, that is, the first payload area and the first payload area of ​​the first data frame are mapped sequentially to the second payload area and the third payload area, that is, mapped to columns 149 to 82084 of the second data frame, etc.

[0164] Figure 10 illustrates the specific location of the first indication information in the BOH overhead. As shown in Figure 10(a), the second data frame is FlexO instance #1, and the first indication information (e.g., CFS overhead) is located in rows 2 to 4 and rows 6 to 8 of column 4 of the BOH overhead, occupying 6 bytes. As shown in Figure 10(b), the second data frame is FlexO instance #2 to #x, and the first indication information (e.g., CFS overhead) is located in rows 2 to 4 and rows 6 to 8 of column 4 of the BOH overhead, occupying 6 bytes. That is, the first indication information is transmitted twice in one FlexO-n(e) frame.

[0165] It should be understood that the position and size of the first indication information in the second overhead area, the specific position and size of the first indication information in the BOH overhead, and the specific position of the first data frame mapped to the second data frame are merely examples for ease of understanding, and other schemes are not excluded.

[0166] In another implementation, the transmitting device uses the Bit Synchronization Mapping Procedure (BMP) to map the first data frame to the second payload area and the third payload area in the second data frame.

[0167] For example, based on the first data frame shown in FIG5 and the second data frame shown in FIG8, the transmitting device uses BMP to map the first data frame to the second payload area and the third payload area in the second data frame. In other words, the transmitting device can use BMP to map the first overhead area and the first payload area of ​​the first data frame to the second payload area and the third payload area in the second data frame. The specific mapping method can be seen in FIG11.

[0168] Understandably, since the mapping method shown in Figure 11 is synchronous mapping, it means that the position of the first data frame mapped to the second data frame is fixed. For example, the first overhead area is mapped to the second payload area, and the first payload area is mapped to the third payload area. Therefore, the second overhead area of ​​the second data frame does not need to carry the first indication information.

[0169] Specifically, Figure 11 illustrates this using the example of the first data frame being an ODU and the second data frame being FlexO-ne. In this case, each 100G 257b block stream of X00GE (e.g., 100GE) can be directly mapped to the corresponding payload of a FlexO-ne instance. FlexO-ne can maintain the same frame format and mapping process as FlexO in Figure 9. It can be understood that the entire mapping process is equivalent to first mapping the 100G 257b block stream of X00GE to an intermediate structure (e.g., an ODU frame) via GMP, and then synchronously mapping this intermediate structure to FlexO-1e. The GMP mapping overhead can be located in the raw justification control (JC) byte, specifically in columns 5 and 6 of the BOH of the first three frames of each four-frame FlexO.

[0170] It is understood that the specific implementation methods of mapping the first data frame to the second payload area and the third payload area of ​​the second data frame described above are merely illustrative examples for ease of understanding, and other solutions are not excluded. This application does not limit the implementation method of mapping the first data frame to the second data frame. Specifically, in Figure 9 or Figure 11, this application does not limit the specific implementation method of mapping the ODU frame to the FlexO-n(e) frame; relevant descriptions of mapping in current related technologies can be referenced, and will not be elaborated here.

[0171] Based on the two mapping methods described above for mapping the first data frame to the second data frame, the first payload area of ​​the first data frame and the third payload area of ​​the second data frame are the same size, for example, both occupy 8*82020 bytes. The number of bits occupied by the first payload area of ​​the first data frame (for example, 8*8 bytes) is less than or equal to the number of bits occupied by the second payload area of ​​the second data frame (for example, the second payload area in Figure 9 occupies 8*12 bytes, and the second payload area in Figure 11 occupies 8*8 bytes).

[0172] The following examples illustrate the transmission rate of the first data frame and the transmission rate of the second data frame (the payload).

[0173] In one implementation, the transmission rates of the first and second data frames satisfy the following equation: A = B * 10261 / 10280 Gbit / s. Here, A represents the transmission rate of the first data frame, and B represents the transmission rate of the second data frame. The transmission rate of the first data frame is an integer multiple of 100.436463 Gbit / s, which can be considered as the base rate of the first data frame; therefore, the transmission rate of the first data frame is the base rate multiplied by an integer multiple. The base rate of the second data frame is an integer multiple of 100.622438327 Gbit / s. Here, 100.622438327 Gbit / s can be considered as the base rate of the second data frame; therefore, the transmission rate of the second data frame is the base rate multiplied by an integer multiple. For example, assuming the second data frame is FlexO-x, when x is 1, the transmission rate of the second data frame is 100.622438327 Gbit / s, when x is 2, the transmission rate of the second data frame is 2 × 100.622438327 Gbit / s, and so on, the transmission rate of FlexO-x is x × 100.622438327 Gbit / s.

[0174] For example, the base rate of the first data frame is approximately 100.436463 Gbit / s, significantly higher than the base rate of 100.390625 Gbit / s for the X00GE 257b block stream signal, while the base rate of the second data frame is 100.622438327 Gbit / s. Therefore, the future 1.6T OTN can fully support service bearers of 16*100GE, 8*200GE, 4*400GE, 2*800GE, or 1*1.6TE.

[0175] Understandably, this implementation method applies to the mapping methods shown in Figure 9 or Figure 11 above. Specifically, when the first data frame is an ODU and the second data frame is FlexO-n(e), the nominal rate of a 100G instance of the ODU can be the FlexO-n(e) rate * 10261 / 10280. In this case, the ODU can be mapped to the extended payload area (e.g., the second payload area) and the original payload area (e.g., the third payload area) of FlexO-n(e) using GMP or BMP. When the first data frame is an ODU and the second data frame is FlexO-ne, the bit rate relationship from X00GE to the FlexO-ne interface can be maintained. At this time, there is a frequency offset of ~359ppm between the X00GE 257b block stream signal and the FlexO-ne payload.

[0176] In another implementation, the transmission rate of the first data frame and the transmission rate of the payload of the second data frame satisfy: A ≤ B - 40ppm. Here, A represents the transmission rate of the first data frame, and B represents the transmission rate of the payload of the second data frame. For example, if the base rate of the payload of the first data frame is 100.426675 Gbit / s, which is much higher than the base rate of the X00GE 257b block stream signal (100.390625 Gbit / s), then the base rate of the second data frame is an integer multiple of 100.622438327 Gbit / s. Here, 100.622438327 Gbit / s can be considered as the base rate of the second data frame; therefore, the transmission rate of the second data frame is the base rate multiplied by an integer multiple. For example, assuming the second data frame is FlexO-x, when x is 1, the transmission rate of the second data frame is 100.622438327 Gbit / s, when x is 2, the transmission rate of the second data frame is 2 × 100.622438327 Gbit / s, and so on, the transmission rate of FlexO-x is x × 100.622438327 Gbit / s.

[0177] Understandably, this implementation method applies to the mapping method shown in Figure 9 above. Specifically, when the first data frame is an ODU and the second data frame is a FlexO, the payload area of ​​FlexO has 4 more columns than that of ODU. In this case, the transmission rate of the payload of FlexO is about 48ppm or 49ppm higher than that of ODU to accommodate frequency offset, so that FlexO has sufficient effective payload bandwidth to carry ODU, thereby ensuring the effective mapping of the first data frame. This is because frequency offset may exist during the mapping of ODU to the payload area of ​​FlexO. For example, FlexO allows for a frequency offset of ±20ppm, and ODU also allows for a frequency offset of ±20ppm. In extreme cases, there may be a frequency offset of ±40ppm. Therefore, when designing the frame structure of the first and second data frames, by setting the payload area of ​​the second data frame to occupy more bits than that of the first data frame, and by setting A≤B-40ppm, specifically, even if the maximum frequency offset (e.g., ±40ppm) occurs during the mapping process, it can still be ensured that the first data frame is mapped to the payload area of ​​the second data frame. This ensures that FlexO has sufficient payload bandwidth to carry ODU, thereby guaranteeing effective mapping of the first data frame.

[0178] Optionally, if the transmission rate of the first data frame and the transmission rate of the second data frame satisfy A = B * 10260 / 10280 Gbit / s, where A represents the transmission rate of the first data frame and B represents the transmission rate of the second data frame, then the transmission rate of the first payload area of ​​the first data frame is approximately an integer multiple of 100.426675 Gbit / s. Here, 100.426675 Gbit / s can be considered as the base rate of the first data frame; therefore, the transmission rate of the first data frame is the base rate multiplied by an integer multiple.

[0179] Optionally, if the transmission rate of the first data frame and the transmission rate of the second data frame satisfy A = B * 10261.5 / 10280 Gbit / s, where A represents the transmission rate of the first data frame and B represents the transmission rate of the second data frame, then the transmission rate of the first payload area of ​​the first data frame is approximately an integer multiple of 100.441357 Gbit / s. Here, 100.441357 Gbit / s can be considered as the base rate of the first data frame; therefore, the transmission rate of the first data frame is the base rate multiplied by an integer multiple.

[0180] S420, the transmitting device sends a second data frame to the receiving device, and correspondingly, the receiving device receives the second data frame from the transmitting device.

[0181] In other words, the transmitting device and the receiving device can complete the transmission of service data by transmitting this second data frame. Optionally, this application does not limit the transmission method of the second data frame, and the current data frame transmission process can be referred to, without making specific limitations.

[0182] S430, the receiving device demaps the second data frame from the second payload area and the third payload area of ​​the second data frame to obtain the first data frame.

[0183] It should be understood that the process by which the receiving device demaps the first data frame from the second and third payload areas of the second data frame can be understood as the reverse of the mapping process, relative to the process by which the sending device maps the first data frame to the second and third payload areas of the second data frame.

[0184] In one implementation, the receiving device uses the General Mapping Procedure (GMP) to demap the first data frame from the second and third payload areas of the second data frame. For example, the transmitting device maps the first overhead area and first payload area of ​​the first data frame to the second and third payload areas of the second data frame. Since the mapping position of the data frame is not fixed, the receiving device can determine the frame header of the first data frame based on the mapping information carried in the second overhead area of ​​the second data frame, such as the first indication information (e.g., CFS overhead) carried in the BOH overhead. Thus, the receiving device can determine the specific location of the valid data carried by the first data frame.

[0185] In another implementation, the receiving device uses a Bit Synchronization Mapping Procedure (BMP) to demap the first data frame from the second and third payload areas of the second data frame. For example, the transmitting device maps the first overhead area of ​​the first data frame to the second payload area of ​​the second data frame, and maps the first payload area of ​​the first data frame to the third payload area of ​​the second data frame. Since the mapping positions of the data frames are fixed, the receiving device can demap the first overhead area of ​​the first data frame from the second payload area of ​​the second data frame, and demap the first payload area of ​​the first data frame from the third payload area of ​​the second data frame.

[0186] Optionally, this application does not limit the implementation of how the receiving device demaps the first data frame from the second payload area and the third payload area of ​​the received second data frame. You can refer to the relevant descriptions of demapping in the current related technologies. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described here.

[0187] As is understandable, Figures 5 to 11 above use the first data frame as the ODU and the second data frame as FlexO-n(e) as an example to illustrate the mapping of the ODU to the second and third overhead areas of FlexO-n(e) without changing the existing rate and function of FlexO-n(e). That is, FlexO-n(e) is used as the service layer to carry the ODU channel layer to support flexible scheduling of the ODU channel layer. Optionally, the technical solution of this application also supports using the ZR frame (i.e., the second data frame) as the service layer to carry the ODU channel layer.

[0188] Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of a 400G ZR frame structure. As shown in Figure 12, the ZR frame includes an overhead area (i.e., the second overhead area) and a payload area (i.e., the third overhead area). The overhead area includes AM overhead, padding information (PAD), and overhead OH. The OH occupies 1280 bits, which can be considered as four 320-bit (i.e., 40-byte) overheads interleaved by 10 bits. For example, the reserved field (RES) in columns 29 to 40 (occupying 8*12 bytes) of the OH can be expanded into the overhead area of ​​the ZR frame (i.e., the second overhead area of ​​the second data frame). Then, the ODU shown in Figure 5 is mapped to the improved ZR frame structure, and the mapped ZR frame is transmitted. For specific implementation methods, please refer to the relevant description above, including but not limited to the definition of the frame structure of the second data frame, the specific implementation methods of mapping the first data frame to the second payload area and the third payload area of ​​the second data frame, etc. For the sake of brevity, they will not be described here.

[0189] Figure 13 is a schematic flowchart of a data frame transmission method in an optical transmission network according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 13, the method includes the following steps; for details not covered herein, please refer to the relevant description of method 400 above.

[0190] S1310, the transmitting device maps the first data frame to the second payload area and the third payload area of ​​the second data frame.

[0191] The first data frame includes a first overhead area and a first payload area. The first payload area and the third payload area are the same size. The number of bits occupied by the second payload area is greater than or equal to the number of bits occupied by the first overhead area. The first overhead area includes the frame alignment signal FAS overhead, which is used for frame alignment.

[0192] For example, the FAS overhead is located in the first row and columns 1 through 4 of the first overhead area.

[0193] For details regarding the frame structure of the first and second data frames, and the specific implementation of the mapping of the first data frame to the second payload area and the third payload area of ​​the second data frame, such as using GMP or BMP mapping methods, please refer to the relevant description of step S410 of the above method 400. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described here again.

[0194] S1320, the transmitting device sends a second data frame to the receiving device, and correspondingly, the receiving device receives the second data frame from the transmitting device.

[0195] S1330, the receiving device demaps the second data frame from the second payload area and the third payload area of ​​the second data frame to obtain the first data frame.

[0196] The specific implementation of steps S1320 and S1330 can be found in the description of steps S420 and S430 of method 400 above. For the sake of brevity, they will not be described here.

[0197] Optionally, if the first overhead region of the first data frame includes FAS overhead, the receiving device can determine the specific mapping position of the first data frame in the second data frame based on the FAS overhead during demapping. This implementation does not require carrying the first indication information (e.g., CFS overhead) in the second overhead region of the second data frame, and can independently support low-order to high-order frame mapping, realize hierarchical decoupling between the segment layer and the channel layer, and make the processing simpler.

[0198] Optionally, if the second overhead area of ​​the second data frame includes first indication information (e.g., CFS overhead), then the first data frame may not carry FAS overhead, thereby reducing mapping overhead.

[0199] Based on the above scheme, the transmitting device maps the first overhead area and the first payload area of ​​the first data frame to the second payload area and the third payload area of ​​the second data frame. Correspondingly, the receiving device demaps the first overhead area and the first payload area of ​​the first data frame from the second payload area and the third payload area of ​​the second data frame. This enables mapping or adaptation between data frames at different levels, thereby ensuring the transmission performance of the data frames. The second data frame in this application includes a second payload area and a third payload area. The second payload area can be considered as an extended payload area. By adding a second payload area, the service carrying efficiency of the second data frame can be improved, ensuring that the first data frame is effectively mapped to the payload of the second data frame.

[0200] Understandably, since the first and third payload areas are the same size—for example, they occupy the same number of rows and columns—this design allows for synchronous mapping, reducing the complexity of mapping processing and power consumption. Furthermore, because the first and third payload areas are the same size, the processing methods for mapping customer signals to either the first or third payload area are identical. Therefore, the processing method for mapping customer signals to the first payload area can reuse the existing method for mapping customer signals to the third payload area, simplifying operations and reducing processing complexity. The number of bits occupied by the second payload area is greater than or equal to the number of bits occupied by the first overhead area, allowing for adaptation to different mapping methods and enabling the mapping from channel layer data frames to segment layer data frames, thereby ensuring data frame transmission performance. Understandably, the first overhead area in the first data frame can be used to construct the overhead required for the channel layer. In this embodiment, the first data frame overhead area accounts for a smaller proportion, while the payload area accounts for a larger proportion, resulting in higher service carrying capacity and efficiency.

[0201] It should be understood that the specific examples shown in the embodiments of this application are only for the purpose of helping those skilled in the art to better understand the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0202] It should also be understood that, in the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other, and the technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationships.

[0203] It should also be understood that in some of the above embodiments, the examples are mainly based on devices in existing network architectures (such as OTN devices), and this application does not limit the specific form of the devices in the embodiments. For example, any device that can achieve the same function in the future is applicable to this application.

[0204] The data frame transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application has been described above with reference to Figures 1 to 13. In the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or logically conflicting, the terms and / or descriptions between the various embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0205] The following describes in detail, with reference to Figures 14 to 16, the data frame transmission apparatus, device, and chip system provided in the embodiments of this application. It should be understood that the descriptions of the apparatus embodiments correspond to the descriptions of the method embodiments. Therefore, for details not described in detail, please refer to the above method embodiments; for brevity, some details will not be repeated.

[0206] Figure 14 is a schematic block diagram of a data frame transmission device 1000 provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 14, the device 1000 can be disposed in the OTN device 101 shown in Figure 1, or the device 1000 can also be disposed in the OTN device shown in Figure 2. The device 1000 includes a transceiver module 1001, which can be used to implement corresponding transceiver functions. The transceiver module 1001 can also be referred to as a transceiver unit.

[0207] The device 1000 also includes a processing module 1002 (or processing unit), which can be used to implement corresponding processing functions.

[0208] Optionally, the device 1000 further includes a storage unit, which can be used to store instructions and / or data. The processing module 1002 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage unit so that the device can perform the operation of the relevant devices in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0209] The device 1000 can be used to perform the actions performed by the transmitting or receiving device in the above method embodiments. In this case, the device 1000 can be a component of the transmitting or receiving device. The transceiver module 1001 is used to perform the transmission and reception related operations of the transmitting or receiving device in the above method embodiments, and the processing module 1002 is used to perform the processing related operations of the transmitting or receiving device in the above method embodiments.

[0210] It should be understood that the specific process of each module performing the above-mentioned steps has been described in detail in the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0211] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a data frame transmission apparatus provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 15, the apparatus 2000 includes a processor 2001 and an optical transceiver 2002. This apparatus can be applied to both transmitting and receiving devices. The apparatus shown in Figure 15 may include any of the OTN devices 101 shown in Figure 1, or the apparatus shown in Figure 15 may also include the OTN device shown in Figure 2.

[0212] When applied to a transmitting device, processor 2001 implements S410 in method 400 shown in FIG. 4, and optical transceiver 2002 implements S420 in method 400 shown in FIG. 4; or, processor 2001 implements S1310 in method 1300 shown in FIG. 13, and optical transceiver 2002 implements S1320 in method 1300 shown in FIG. 13. When applied to a receiving device, processor 2001 implements S430 in method 400 shown in FIG. 4, and optical transceiver 2002 implements S420 in method 400 shown in FIG. 4; or, processor 2001 implements S1330 in method 1300 shown in FIG. 13, and optical transceiver 2002 implements S1320 in method 1300 shown in FIG. 13. During implementation, each step of the processing flow can be completed by the integrated logic circuitry in the hardware of processor 2001 or by instructions in the form of software, thus fulfilling the method executed by the transmitting or receiving device.

[0213] In this application embodiment, the processor 2001 can be a general-purpose processor, digital signal processor, application-specific integrated circuit, field-programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware component, capable of implementing or executing the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in this application embodiment. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly manifested as being executed by a hardware processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software units within the processor.

[0214] Furthermore, the device 2000 may include one or more processors 2001.

[0215] Optionally, the device 2000 may further include a memory 2003, wherein the program code executed by the processor 2001 to implement the above methods can be stored in the memory 2003. The device 2000 may include one or more memories 2003.

[0216] Specifically, the memory 2003 can be coupled to the processor 2001. The coupling in this embodiment is an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices, units, or modules, and can be electrical, mechanical, or other forms, used for information exchange between devices, units, or modules. Alternatively, the processor 2001 can operate in conjunction with the memory 2003. The memory 2003 can be non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk drive (HDD), or volatile memory, such as random-access memory (RAM). The memory 2003 can be any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures, and accessible by a computer, but is not limited thereto. It should be noted that the apparatus described in FIG15 can also be used to perform the method steps involved in the aforementioned variations of the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, which will not be repeated here.

[0217] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of a chip system provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 16, the chip system 3000 (or processing system) includes logic circuitry 3010 and input / output interface 3020.

[0218] The logic circuit 3010 can be a processing circuit in the chip system 3000. The logic circuit 3010 can be coupled to a memory unit, calling instructions from the memory unit, enabling the chip system 3000 to implement the methods and functions of the embodiments of this application. The input / output interface 3020 can be an input / output circuit in the chip system 3000, outputting processed information from the chip system 3000, or inputting data or signaling information to be processed into the chip system 3000 for processing.

[0219] Optionally, the logic circuit 3010 may be implemented by one or more processors, including the one or more processors or the processing portion of the one or more processors.

[0220] Optionally, the input / output interface 3020 may include transceiver circuitry, a transceiver, input / output circuitry, or a communication interface.

[0221] As one approach, the chip system 3000 is used to implement the operations performed by the transmitting or receiving device in the various method embodiments described above.

[0222] Specifically, the logic circuit 3010 is used to implement the processing-related operations performed by the transmitting device or the receiving device in the above method embodiments; the input / output interface 3020 is used to implement the sending and / or receiving-related operations performed by the transmitting device or the receiving device in the above method embodiments.

[0223] Based on the above embodiments, this application also provides an optical module, which includes a signal processor and an optical transmitting component. The signal processor is configured to: map a first data frame to a second payload area and a third payload area of ​​a second data frame in method 400 or method 1300; the optical transmitting component is configured to: transmit the second data frame. Alternatively, the optical module includes a signal processor and an optical transmitting component. The optical receiving component is configured to receive the second data frame; the signal processor is configured to: demap the first data frame from the second payload area and the third payload area of ​​the second data frame in method 400 or method 1300.

[0224] Based on the above embodiments, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. This storage medium stores a software program, which, when read and executed by one or more processors, can implement the methods provided in any one or more of the above embodiments. The computer-readable storage medium may include various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, portable hard drive, read-only memory, random access memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0225] Based on the above embodiments, this application provides a computer program product containing instructions. When this computer program product is run on a computer or processor, it can implement the methods provided in any one or more of the above embodiments.

[0226] Based on the above embodiments, this application also provides a chip. The chip includes a processor for implementing the functions involved in any one or more of the above embodiments, such as acquiring or processing OTN frames involved in the above methods. Optionally, the chip further includes a memory for storing necessary program instructions and data executed by the processor. The chip may be composed of a single chip or may include chips and other discrete devices.

[0227] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the embodiments of this application without departing from the scope of the embodiments of this application. Therefore, if these modifications and variations to the embodiments of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

[0228] It should be understood that the processor mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0229] It should also be understood that the memory mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM). For example, RAM can be used as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, RAM can include a variety of forms, such as: static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous linked dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0230] It should be noted that when the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware component, the memory (storage module) can be integrated into the processor.

[0231] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application; such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of protection of this application.

[0232] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of apparatus or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0233] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. For example, the computer can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media can be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., DVDs), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid-state disks, SSDs). For example, the aforementioned available media can include, but are not limited to, various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0234] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for transmitting data frames, characterized in that, include: The first data frame is mapped to the second payload area and the third payload area of ​​the second data frame. The first data frame includes a first overhead area and a first payload area. The first payload area and the third payload area are of the same size. The number of bits occupied by the second payload area is greater than or equal to the number of bits occupied by the first overhead area. Send the second data frame.

2. A method for transmitting data frames, characterized in that, include: Receive the second data frame; A first data frame is obtained by demapping from the second payload area and the third payload area of ​​the second data frame. The first data frame includes a first overhead area and a first payload area. The first payload area and the third payload area are of the same size. The number of bits occupied by the second payload area is greater than or equal to the number of bits occupied by the first overhead area.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first data frame is x rows and 82080+y columns. The first overhead area is located in the first y columns of the first data frame, and the first payload area is located in the last 82080 columns of the first data frame. Both x and y are positive integers.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, x = y = 8.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The second data frame is 4 rows and 82,240 columns or 8 rows and 82,240 columns. The second payload area is located in columns 149 to 160 or columns 153 to 160 of the second data frame. The third payload area is located in the last 82,080 columns of the second data frame.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The transmission rate of the first data frame and the transmission rate of the second data frame satisfy: A=B*10261 / 10280Gbit / s; Where A represents the transmission rate of the first data frame and B represents the transmission rate of the second data frame.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The transmission rate of the first data frame and the transmission rate of the payload of the second data frame satisfy: A≤B-40ppm; Where A represents the transmission rate of the first data frame and B represents the transmission rate of the payload of the second data frame.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1, 3 to 7, characterized in that, Mapping the first data frame to the second and third payload areas in the second data frame includes: The first data frame is mapped to the second payload area and the third payload area in the second data frame using the General Mapping Procedure (GMP).

9. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that, The first data frame is obtained by demapping from the second and third payload areas of the second data frame, including: The first data frame is obtained by demapping from the second payload area and the third payload area of ​​the second data frame using the General Mapping Procedure (GMP).

10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The second payload area is located in columns 149 to 160 of the second data frame. The second data frame includes a second overhead area, which includes multiplex section level overhead. The second overhead area is located in the first 148 columns of the second data frame, and the multiplex section level overhead is located in the last 28 columns of the second overhead area.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The overhead of the multiplex segment layer includes first indication information, which indicates the header position of the first data frame.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The first indication information is located in rows 2 to 4 and rows 6 to 8 of the fourth column of the overhead of the multiplex segment level.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1, 3 to 7, characterized in that, Mapping the first data frame to the second and third payload areas in the second data frame includes: The Bit Synchronization Mapping Procedure (BMP) is used to map the first data frame to the second payload area and the third payload area in the second data frame.

14. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that, The first data frame is obtained by demapping from the second and third payload areas of the second data frame, including: The first data frame is obtained by demapping from the second payload area and the third payload area of ​​the second data frame using the Bit Synchronization Mapping Procedure (BMP).

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that, The second payload area is located in columns 153 to 160 of the second data frame. The second data frame includes a second overhead area, which includes multiplex section level overhead. The second overhead area is located in the first 152 columns of the second data frame, and the multiplex section level overhead is located in the last 32 columns of the second overhead area.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that, The first overhead region is mapped to the second payload region, and the first payload region is mapped to the third payload region.

17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that, The first overhead area includes the Multiframe Alignment Signal (MFAS) overhead, which is used for multiframe alignment. The MFAS overhead is located in the first row and seventh column of the first overhead area, and the MFAS occupies 1 byte.

18. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that, The first overhead area includes at least one of the following: Path Trace Identification (TTI) overhead, Delay Measurement (DM) overhead, Channel Layer Path Monitoring (PM) overhead, Serial Connection Monitoring (TCM) overhead, or Automatic Protection Switching (APS) overhead, wherein the TTI overhead, the DM overhead, and the APS overhead are arranged in a multiframe consisting of 4 data frames, and the TTI overhead, the DM overhead, and the APS overhead are located in the 5th and 6th columns of the first 3 rows of the first overhead area.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that, The transmission period for the TTI overhead is 13.392ms, the transmission period for the DM overhead is 6.6959ms, and the transmission period for the APS overhead is 0.83699ms or 0.4185ms.

20. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that, The first overhead area includes multiple CM overheads, each of which is transmitted twice in the first data frame, and the multiple CM overheads are located in the first four columns of the first overhead area.

21. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that, The first overhead area includes customer-mapped specific overhead, which is located in columns 7 and 8 of rows 2 to 8 of the first overhead area.

22. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that, The transmission rate of the first data frame is an integer multiple of 100.436463 Gbit / s.

23. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that, The transmission rate of the second data frame is an integer multiple of 100.622438327 Gbit / s.

24. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that, The first data frame is a channel layer data frame.

25. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that, The first data frame is a channel layer optical data unit frame exceeding 1T.

26. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that, The second data frame is a segment-level data frame.

27. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that, The second data frame is a FlexO frame or a ZR frame from a flexible optical transport network.

28. An optical communication device, characterized in that, include: A processor and an input / output interface for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1, 3 to 8, 10 to 13, 15 to 27, or for performing the method as described in any one of claims 2 to 7, 9 to 12, 14 to 27, wherein, The input / output interface is used to send and receive the second data frame; The processor is used to process the second data frame.

29. An optical module, characterized in that, The optical module includes a signal processor and an optical emitting component, wherein... The signal processor is configured to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1, 3 to 8, 10 to 13, and 15 to 27; The optical transmitting component is used to convert the second data frame into an optical signal and transmit the optical signal.

30. An optical module, characterized in that, The optical module includes a signal processor and an optical receiver component, wherein... The optical receiving component is used to receive optical signals and convert the optical signals into a second data frame; The signal processor is configured to perform the method as described in any one of claims 2 to 7, 9 to 12, and 14 to 27.

31. An optical chip, characterized in that, The chip includes a processor and a communication interface for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1, 3 to 8, 10 to 13, and 15 to 27, or for performing the method as described in any one of claims 2 to 7, 9 to 12, and 14 to 27. The communication interface is used to send and receive the second data frame; The processor is used to process the second data frame.

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