High-density mechanical stereo garage with overhead longitudinal movement for evacuation and vehicle parking and retrieval method

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention is a high-density mechanical stereo garage with overhead longitudinal movement for evacuation, comprising a parking space and an evacuation space. The parking space comprises one to more rows of parking units arranged longitudinally, and each row of parking units comprises one to more columns of multiple layers of parking positions arranged transversely; at least one layer among the multiple layers of parking positions is provided with longitudinal movement lifting / lowering vehicle-carrying pallets and longitudinal movement rails; the evacuation space is located in front of or / and behind the parking space, and is provided with longitudinal movement rails connected to the parking space; the longitudinal movement lifting / lowering vehicle-carrying pallets can longitudinally move to the evacuation space, so as to provide an unobstructed vertical passage for an upper-layer lifting / lowering vehicle-carrying pallet; and the evacuation space does not occupy the parking positions, thereby enabling full parking capacity. Lifting / lowering vehicle-carrying pallets of the longitudinal movement lifting / lowering vehicle-carrying pallets can ascend and descend vertically for vehicle parking and retrieval, and rear-row longitudinal movement lifting / lowering vehicle-carrying pallets arranged in multiple rows can also longitudinally move forward to front rows and then ascend and descend for vehicle parking and retrieval, so that rear-row parking positions can achieve vehicle parking in and retrieval from front rows. The high-density mechanical stereo garage provided in the present invention provides high vehicle capacity, is convenient to use, and is safe and efficient.

Description

A high-density mechanical automated parking system and vehicle storage and retrieval method with aerial longitudinal movement and obstacle avoidance. Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent automated parking garage technology, mainly concerning technologies for parking capacity and vehicle retrieval efficiency, specifically a high-density mechanical automated parking garage and vehicle retrieval method with aerial longitudinal movement and obstacle avoidance. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous increase in the number of cars in society, and the insufficient supply and uneven distribution of existing parking spaces, parking is in short supply. As a result, more and more people are building mechanical parking garages to alleviate the parking problem. Among them, the lifting and traversing mechanical parking equipment has become the most commonly used equipment in mechanical parking garages due to its simple structure, safety and economy. The equipment has b-1 sets of traversing car carriers installed on the first floor, b-1 sets of traversing lifting car carriers installed on each of the second to c-1 floors, and b sets of lifting car carriers installed on the top floor. That is, each floor from the first floor to the second-to-top floor needs to be set with one empty space. By changing the column of the empty space through traversing, a vertical passage can be made so that the car carriers on the upper floor can be lowered to the first floor. Traditional parking systems like this require one empty parking space on each floor from the first to the second-to-top level, resulting in limited parking capacity. Several improved technologies have emerged to increase parking capacity, such as the utility model patent with patent number 201821723377.X. This technology divides the multi-level parking garage into parking areas and lifting channels on the driveways. Each floor from the second to the top of the parking area has b sets of longitudinally moving, rotating, and lifting car carriers; the first floor has no car carriers and can be used for direct surface parking. When a car needs to be parked or retrieved, the longitudinally moving, rotating, and lifting car carrier for the target parking space first moves longitudinally to above the driveway, rotates 90° above the driveway, and then descends from the air onto the driveway. Vehicles drive onto the car carrier to park or leave to retrieve their vehicles. After parking or retrieval, the car carrier rises above the driveway and returns to its original floor, then rotates 90° in the air and finally moves longitudinally back to the parking area. While this improved technology increases parking capacity, it also introduces significant problems. Neither the traditional nor the improved technologies are ideal, and their main drawbacks can be summarized as follows:

[0003] 1. Traditional technical solutions require one vacant parking space per floor, resulting in a limited number of parking spaces.

[0004] 2. Improved technical solution: The vehicle platform needs to move longitudinally, rotate, and rise and fall in the air above the lane, which poses a great safety hazard to pedestrians and vehicles in the lane and does not comply with the safety regulations for special equipment.

[0005] 3. The improved technical solution involves lowering the vehicle platform onto the lane for vehicle storage and retrieval, which severely disrupts traffic flow.

[0006] 4. Improve the technical solution: the lifting channel of the vehicle platform can only be set above the driving channel, and its inherent safety hazards cannot be overcome.

[0007] 5. Improved technical solution: Due to lane width limitations, multiple sets of longitudinally moving, rotating, and lifting vehicle platforms cannot be simultaneously moved longitudinally onto the lifting channel, thus preventing the formation of a stacked mechanical parking garage, which means the vehicle density of the parking garage cannot be further increased.

[0008] People even arrange two or more rows of these lift-and-slide mechanical parking systems longitudinally, sharing the same front lane to form what's commonly known as a stacked mechanical automated parking garage. This further saves space and increases parking density. However, in traditional solutions for retrieving vehicles from the rear parking spaces in stacked mechanical automated parking garages, drivers must first reverse through the front parking area, traversing the longitudinal driveway created by lateral movement to reach the rear, back onto the rear parking platform, and then walk through the longitudinal driveway from the rear to leave the garage. Similarly, drivers must first walk through the longitudinal driveway to reach the rear, then drive from the rear parking platform through the longitudinal driveway to leave the garage. While such stacked mechanical automated parking garages increase parking density, navigating the narrow longitudinal driveway of the front parking area is extremely difficult, easily leading to collisions and posing significant safety hazards. Furthermore, the equipment cannot operate when people and vehicles repeatedly cross the longitudinal driveway, resulting in extremely low efficiency in parking and retrieval.

[0009] Patent solutions with application numbers 202211593772.1 and 201920004208.9 can longitudinally move the car-carrying platform of the rear parking space in a traditional stacked mechanical automated parking garage to the first row, allowing for parking and retrieval of vehicles from the front row. This greatly increases safety and convenience. Their common technical features are as follows: The first to the top row of the garage is similar to the traditional stacked mechanical automated parking garage described above. The first row requires one empty parking space for a transversely moving car-carrying platform. The second to c-1 rows also require one empty parking space for a transversely moving frame and a lifting car-carrying platform. The top row does not require any empty space and can be fully loaded. Lifting car carrier platform; The rear parking spaces other than the front row have a structure that is basically the same as the front row. The difference is that all the car carrier platforms have become longitudinally movable car carrier platforms. However, a parking space frame with longitudinal tracks must be added under each car carrier platform. The first layer of transverse car carrier platform has become a transverse parking space frame + longitudinal car carrier platform. The transverse parking space frame can move laterally left and right. The lifting car carrier platforms of the second to c layers have become a lifting parking space frame + longitudinal car carrier platform. The lifting parking space frame can lift and lower the longitudinal car carrier platform together. The transverse frame is the same as the traditional technology and can move laterally left and right together with the lifting parking space frame and the longitudinal car carrier platform. The first-level transverse car-carrying platform in the front row moves laterally to create a longitudinal passage. The car-carrying platforms in the rear rows (levels 2-c) then descend to the first-level lifting parking space frame and move forward to the front row of the first level for parking and retrieval. Similarly, the longitudinal car-carrying platforms on the first-level transverse parking space frame can also move forward to the front row of the first level for parking and retrieval, thus achieving the goal of allowing rear-row parking spaces to be accessed from the front. However, this improved parallel mechanical automated parking system still has the following significant drawbacks:

[0010] 6. Lifting parking racks are added under the longitudinally sliding car-carrying platforms of the rear 2nd to Cth floors, which increases the floor height of the multi-level parking garage and greatly reduces the space utilization rate.

[0011] 7. Regardless of whether the rear row is originally the longitudinally moving vehicle platform on the first floor or was originally on the second to third floors but has been moved to the first floor, there is a thick transverse parking space frame or lifting parking space frame underneath. After the longitudinally moving vehicle platform moves forward to the front row, it should be at the same height as the transversely moving vehicle platform in the front row. However, the transversely moving vehicle platform in the front row does not need any parking space frame underneath. This makes it necessary to dig a pit and sink the first floor so that the longitudinally moving vehicle platform is level with the driveway. The transversely moving vehicle platform is also raised to be level with the driveway. Digging a pit and sinking the vehicle platform greatly increases the cost and even makes it impossible to implement in many scenarios. For example, in a multi-story underground garage, it is impossible to dig a 30cm deep pit on a floor slab that is only 20cm thick. This makes the technical solution very unsuitable.

[0012] 8. Lifting parking space racks are added under the longitudinally moving car platform, which increases the floor height of the multi-level parking garage and greatly reduces the space utilization rate;

[0013] 9. Each rear parking space requires an additional parking space frame and longitudinal sliding mechanism, significantly increasing costs;

[0014] 10. The lifting and lateral moving parking space rack realizes movement in two directions: left and right lateral movement and up and down lifting. It adds the longitudinal movement of the car carrier in the front and back directions, changing the movement from two directions to three directions. This makes the equipment structure complex, with a high failure rate and high cost.

[0015] 11. Various parking racks with longitudinal tracks are movable components. Each time the longitudinal moving platform moves, the equipment needs to precisely control the movable track to align with the fixed longitudinal track in front, resulting in a high failure rate.

[0016] 12. When the longitudinally moving vehicle platform on the rear row lifting and lateral moving parking space needs to be moved longitudinally to the first floor of the front row or returned, it needs to go through three steps: left and right lateral movement, up and down lifting, and front and back longitudinal movement, which is inefficient.

[0017] 13. Each floor from level 2 to level c-1 requires one vacant parking space, resulting in low parking density;

[0018] 14. When the site width is only sufficient to arrange one row of parking spaces (i.e., b=1), existing traditional technical solutions cannot construct single-row mechanical parking garages, and existing improved technical solutions cannot construct multi-row, stacked mechanical parking garages. Summary of the Invention

[0019] To address the shortcomings of existing lift-and-slide mechanical automated parking systems, the inventors have developed a safer, more reliable, and more efficient high-density mechanical automated parking system and vehicle retrieval method that increases parking space density and quantity. This solution overcomes both the insufficient vehicle capacity of traditional technologies and various defects in existing automated parking systems. Specifically, this invention is implemented as follows:

[0020] This invention includes a parking space and a clearance space. The parking space includes a rows of parking units arranged longitudinally, each row of parking units including b columns of c-level parking spaces arranged laterally, and at least one level of the parking units is equipped with a longitudinally sliding lifting platform and a longitudinal sliding track. The clearance space is located in front of and / or behind the parking space and is equipped with a longitudinal sliding track that connects with the longitudinal sliding track of the parking space. Its size is sufficient to accommodate the temporary parking of all the longitudinally sliding lifting platforms of n consecutive rows of parking units. Wherein: a, b, c, and n are all positive integers and a≥1, b≥1, c≥2, a-1≥n≥1;

[0021] In the parking unit: the c-th floor, i.e. the top floor, is provided with a maximum of b sets of longitudinally moving and lifting vehicle platforms or a maximum of b sets of lifting vehicle platforms; the 2nd to c-1th floors are provided with a maximum of b sets of longitudinally moving and lifting vehicle platforms or a maximum of b-1 sets of transversely moving and lifting vehicle platforms when c≥3, and at least one of the 2nd to c-th floors is provided with a longitudinally moving and lifting vehicle platform; the 1st floor is provided with a maximum of b-1 sets of transversely moving vehicle platforms; and when a≥2, the 1st floor of the a-th row parking unit may also be provided with a maximum of b sets of longitudinally moving vehicle platforms.

[0022] The longitudinally moving lifting vehicle platform includes a longitudinally moving frame and the lifting vehicle platform attached thereto. A certain floor of a parking unit can either have only one set of longitudinally moving frames with a maximum of b sets of lifting vehicle platforms attached, or have a maximum of b sets of longitudinally moving frames with lifting vehicle platforms attached one-to-one. Both of these forms are collectively referred to as having a maximum of b sets of longitudinally moving lifting vehicle platforms. The transversely moving lifting vehicle platform includes a transversely moving frame and the lifting vehicle platform attached thereto. The transversely moving frame has lifting vehicle platforms attached one-to-one. Each floor of a parking unit can have a maximum of b-1 sets of transversely moving lifting vehicle platforms.

[0023] The avoidance space can be located above the lane. A safety partition is installed below the lowest longitudinal track of the avoidance space located above the lane. Its structure can prevent falling objects, dripping water, and oil leakage. Its height should be such that it does not hinder the longitudinal movement of the longitudinal lifting platform and does not affect the normal passage of people and vehicles in the lane.

[0024] The clearance space can also be located above the rear of the parking space, or simultaneously above the front and rear of the parking space.

[0025] When both sides of the lane are equipped with an aerial longitudinal clearance mechanical parking garage, the longitudinal clearance track above the lane can simultaneously connect with the longitudinal clearance tracks of the parking spaces on both sides, and the parking garages on both sides of the lane can share the clearance space and its longitudinal clearance track.

[0026] When the clearance space is located above the parking space and a≥2, and all levels 2 to c of the parking units in rows 1 to a-1 of the parking space are equipped with longitudinally sliding lifting vehicle platforms, any level of the a-th row, i.e. the last row of parking units, may not be equipped with vehicle platforms. These levels without vehicle platforms can be used as buildings or objects for non-parking purposes, and the first level can also be used for surface parking.

[0027] The working principle of this invention is as follows: all vehicles are carried by vehicle carriers, specifically by lifting vehicle carriers, longitudinal lifting vehicle carriers, longitudinal moving vehicle carriers, transverse lifting vehicle carriers, and transverse moving vehicle carriers. When these vehicle carriers are on the first layer, vehicles can be parked by driving onto the vehicle carrier and retrieved by driving off the vehicle carrier. When the vehicle carrier is on the first row and first layer, vehicles can be parked and retrieved in the front row.

[0028] Lift-type vehicle platform: This type of vehicle platform can move vertically to transport vehicles from the first floor to any floor above, or vice versa. The lift-type vehicle platform is installed on the top floor of the parking unit, or on the longitudinal frame of a longitudinally moving lift-type vehicle platform, or on the transverse frame of a transversely moving lift-type vehicle platform. Vehicles can be driven onto the lift-type vehicle platform for parking or driven off to retrieve them. After parking or retrieving the vehicle, the lift-type vehicle platform can be vertically lifted back to its original position.

[0029] Longitudinal sliding lift platform: This type of platform can move longitudinally along the track in the front-to-back direction, and its own lifting platform can move vertically up and down. It can move longitudinally along the track between parking units within the parking space, and between parking space and clearance space. The empty space created after the longitudinal sliding lift platform is moved can be used as a vertical channel for the upper lifting platform to move up and down, and its own lifting platform can also move up and down. The longitudinal sliding lift platform is located on the 2nd to cth floors of each parking unit, and each floor can be fully loaded with lifting platforms without leaving empty spaces.

[0030] Horizontal lifting vehicle platform: This type of vehicle platform can move laterally in the left and right direction, and its own platform can move vertically up and down. It can move laterally left and right along the horizontal track to change the position of vacant space. The vacant space can then serve as the vertical channel for the upper lifting vehicle platform to move up and down. Its own lifting vehicle platform can also move up and down. The horizontal lifting vehicle platform is located on the 2nd to c-1th floors of each parking unit.

[0031] Longitudinal sliding platform: This type of platform can only move forward and backward, not up and down. They are typically located on the first level, especially in rear-row positions, and can be moved longitudinally forward for temporary parking. They can be moved forward along the longitudinal track to the first level of the first row of parking units for temporary parking, and after parking / retrieval operations, can be moved backward to return to their original position.

[0032] Lateral moving car platform: This type of car platform can only move laterally left and right. They are usually located on the first floor and can move laterally left and right along the lateral moving track to change the position of the vacant space. The vacant space can be used as the landing position of the upper lifting car platform, as the longitudinal channel for the rear longitudinal moving car platform to move forward and backward, and as the longitudinal vehicle passage when the rear car platform stores and retrieves cars.

[0033] Each floor equipped with a transverse lifting platform and a transverse platform needs to have one empty space, meaning one less car needs to be parked. The longitudinal platform is located on the first floor of the last row, so the last row can be fully parked without leaving any empty spaces.

[0034] The high-density mechanical automated parking system of the present invention is based on the combination of various types of vehicle-carrying platforms, which can realize the use of various forms of high-density mechanical automated parking systems to suit various parking garage structures and site types.

[0035] The high-density mechanical three-dimensional parking garage and vehicle storage and retrieval method with aerial longitudinal movement and obstacle avoidance according to the present invention can be mainly configured in the following structural forms, but are not limited to these:

[0036] 1. The clearance space is located in front of the parking space. The entire garage, from the second floor to the top floor, has a longitudinally sliding and lifting vehicle platform structure for all parking spaces:

[0037] Each row of parking units has b sets of longitudinally sliding car lifts on levels 2 to c. The first level of each row of parking units (1 to a-1) has b-1 sets of transversely sliding car lifts, and the first level of each row of parking units (a) has b sets of longitudinally sliding car lifts. Only a-1 parking spaces on the first level are empty in the entire garage. In a special case, when a = 1 (i.e., there is only one row of parking units), the first level has b-1 sets of transversely sliding car lifts but no longitudinally sliding car lifts. This means only one parking space on the first level is empty, while all other parking spaces are full. In this case, the steps for retrieving a specific parking space on level L in the Mth column (levels 2 to c) are as follows:

[0038] When M≤n+1, all longitudinally moving lifting car platforms on the Lth level of the parking units from the 1st to the Mth rows move forward longitudinally, causing the longitudinally moving lifting car platform on the Lth level of the Mth row parking unit to temporarily stop at the Lth level of the 1st row parking unit. All longitudinally moving lifting car platforms on the 2nd to L-1st levels of the 1st row parking unit move forward longitudinally to clear the vertical passage of the 1st row parking unit. The transversely moving car platform on the 1st level of the 1st row parking unit moves laterally left and right to clear the empty space for the target parking space lifting car platform to land. Once the target parking space lifting car platform lands on the empty space on the 1st level of the 1st row parking unit, the car can be stored and retrieved in the front row.

[0039] When M>n+1, all longitudinally moving lifting platforms on the Lth level of parking units 1 to M are moved forward by the distance of n parking units, so that the longitudinally moving lifting platform on the Lth level of the Mth parking unit temporarily stops at the Lth level of the Mnth parking unit. All longitudinally moving lifting platforms on the 2nd to L-1st levels of the Mnth parking unit, as well as the longitudinally moving lifting platforms in front of each level, are moved forward by the distance of 1 parking unit to make way for the vertical passage of the Mnth parking unit. The lateral movement of the lifting platforms allows the Mnth parking unit to... The first level of the parking unit provides an empty space for the target parking space's vehicle platform to descend. The empty spaces on the first level of each row of parking units in front of this empty space form a longitudinal driving lane. The vehicle platform of the target parking space descends onto the empty space on the first level of the Mn-th row of parking units. By reversing from the lane and crossing the longitudinal driving lane, one can enter the target parking space's vehicle platform to park the car. After leaving the target parking space's vehicle platform and crossing the longitudinal driving lane, one can reach the lane to retrieve the car. This achieves the goal of being able to park and retrieve the car in the parking units n rows ahead of the target parking space.

[0040] II. The clearance space is located in front of the parking space. All parking spaces on the second to second-to-top floors of the entire garage are equipped with longitudinally sliding and lifting vehicle platforms, but all parking spaces on the top floor are equipped with lifting vehicle platforms.

[0041] Each row of parking units has b sets of longitudinally sliding car lift platforms on levels 2 to c-1, and the top level (level c) has b sets of lifting car lift platforms. Each row of parking units (levels 1 to a) has b-1 sets of transversely sliding car lift platforms on level 1. Only a parking spaces on level 1 are empty, while the rest are full. The steps for retrieving a specific parking space on level L within the Mth column (levels 2 to c) are as follows:

[0042] The steps for accessing and retrieving a target parking space on the Lth floor of the Mth column, from the 2nd to the c-1st floor, are exactly the same as those in structural form one described above.

[0043] The steps for storing and retrieving a target parking space on the top floor (C level) of column M are as follows: All longitudinally moving and lifting vehicle platforms on floors 2 to c-1 of row M parking unit, as well as the longitudinally moving and lifting vehicle platforms in front of each floor, are moved forward by the distance of one row of parking units to make room for a vertical passage. By moving the lateral moving vehicle platforms left and right, the first floor of row M parking unit makes room for the target parking space's vehicle platform to descend. The empty spaces on the first floor of each row of parking units in front of this empty space form a longitudinal driving passage. The vehicle platform of the target parking space descends onto the empty space on the first floor of row M parking unit. By reversing through the longitudinal driving passage from the lane, one can enter the target parking space's vehicle platform to store the car. After leaving the target parking space's vehicle platform, one can cross the longitudinal driving passage to reach the lane to retrieve the car. When M=1, there is no need to make way for the longitudinal driving passage, and the car can be stored and retrieved at the front row.

[0044] 3. The clearance space is located in front of the parking space, and the second to the second-to-top floor of the garage features a structure with a horizontally sliding and lifting vehicle platform:

[0045] In each row of parking units, some floors from level 2 to level c-1 are equipped with b-1 sets of transverse lifting car carriers, while the remaining floors are equipped with b sets of longitudinal lifting car carriers. Level c, the top floor, is entirely equipped with either b sets of lifting car carriers or b sets of longitudinal lifting car carriers. In rows 1 to a, the first floor of each row of parking units is equipped with b-1 sets of transverse lifting car carriers. Each floor equipped with both transverse and transverse lifting car carriers requires one empty parking space, with all other parking spaces full. In this case, the steps for storing or retrieving a specific target parking space on level L within rows M from level 2 to level c-1 are as follows:

[0046] The steps for storing and retrieving vehicles are exactly the same as those for structural forms one and two described above, for a target parking space on the top floor equipped with a lifting vehicle platform and any floor equipped with a longitudinally moving lifting vehicle platform.

[0047] When a target parking space on level L of level 2 to c-1 in column M is a lateral lifting platform, the parking and retrieval steps are as follows: All longitudinal lifting platforms on levels 2 to L-1 of the M row of parking units, as well as the longitudinal lifting platforms in front of each level, move forward one row of parking units to make way for the vertical passage. All lateral lifting platforms move left and right to avoid the vertical passage. The left and right movement of the lateral lifting platforms makes the first level of the M row of parking units vacate the space required for the target parking space's platform to descend. The vacant spaces on the first level of each row of parking units in front of this vacant space form a longitudinal driving passage. The target parking space's platform descends onto the vacant space on the first level of the M row of parking units. By reversing through the longitudinal driving passage from the lane, one can enter the target parking space's platform to park the car. After leaving the target parking space's platform, one can cross the longitudinal driving passage to reach the lane to retrieve the car.

[0048] IV. The clearance space is located behind the parking space. Each row of parking units has b sets of longitudinally sliding lift car platforms or b-1 sets of transversely sliding lift car platforms on levels 2 to c-1. Level c, the top level, has b sets of longitudinally sliding lift car platforms or b sets of lift car platforms. Each row of parking units (levels 1 to a) has b-1 sets of transversely sliding car platforms on level 1. Each level with transversely sliding and transversely sliding lift car platforms requires one empty parking space. All other parking spaces must be full. Therefore, the steps for retrieving a target parking space on level L in levels 2 to c of column M are as follows:

[0049] In the second to L-1 levels of the Mth row of parking units, all longitudinally moving lifting vehicle platforms and the longitudinally moving lifting vehicle platforms in front of each level are moved backward by the distance of one parking unit to make way for the vertical passage. All laterally moving lifting vehicle platforms avoid the vertical passage by moving left and right. The lateral movement of the laterally moving vehicle platforms makes the first level of the Mth row of parking units vacant for the target parking space's vehicle platform to descend. The vacant spaces on the first level of each row of parking units in front of this vacant space form a longitudinal driving passage. The target parking space's vehicle platform descends onto the vacant space on the first level of the Mth row of parking units. By reversing through the longitudinal driving passage from the lane, one can enter the target parking space's vehicle platform to park the car. After leaving the target parking space's vehicle platform, one can cross the longitudinal driving passage to reach the lane to retrieve the car. When M=1, there is no need to avoid the longitudinal driving passage, and the car can be parked and retrieved from the front row.

[0050] V. The steps for storing and retrieving a target parking space on the first floor of any row of parking units in the above four structural forms are the same: When the target parking space is a transverse sliding platform, the transverse sliding platform moves left and right to create a longitudinal driving channel in the first floor of the first row of parking units in front of the target parking space (1 to M-1). Reversing from the lane through the longitudinal driving channel allows entry onto the target parking space platform for parking. Driving away from the target parking space platform and crossing the longitudinal driving channel allows retrieval from the lane. When M=1, parking and retrieval can be done directly in the front row. When the target parking space is a longitudinal sliding platform, the transverse sliding platform moves left and right to create a longitudinal sliding channel in the first floor of the first row of parking units in front of the target parking space. The longitudinal sliding platform of the target parking space moves forward along the longitudinal sliding channel to the first floor of the first row of parking units, allowing parking and retrieval in the front row. After parking and retrieval, the longitudinal sliding platform moves backward along the longitudinal sliding channel back to its original position.

[0051] In all three types of parking garage structures mentioned above, a safety partition can be added below the longitudinal sliding track at the bottom of the clearance space. The structure and material of the safety partition should be suitable for preventing falling objects, dripping water, and oil leaks from the clearance space. The height of the safety partition should be such that it does not obstruct the operation of the longitudinal sliding lifting platform, nor does it affect the normal passage of pedestrians and vehicles in the lane.

[0052] The main advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0053] The parking garage design boasts several advantages: efficient space utilization (by using longitudinal movement, it avoids the problem of vacant parking spaces requiring lateral movement, as is common in traditional lifting systems, thus increasing the garage's vehicle density); guaranteed safety (the clearance space is only used for temporary parking, not affecting pedestrians and vehicles on the driveway, and safety partitions further ensure safety and prevent contamination); more convenient access (rear-row parking spaces can be accessed from the front); improved operational efficiency (operating the rear vehicle platform requires only two simple steps: forward longitudinal movement (lateral movement is completed simultaneously, requiring no additional time) and up-and-down movement, accelerating the access process); and significantly enhanced flexibility (this design is suitable for various site conditions, whether single-row or multi-row parking units, or multi-column or single-column). This invention considers factors such as space utilization, user experience, and economy, aiming to provide a more efficient, convenient, and safe solution that effectively addresses the increasingly severe parking difficulties in modern cities. Further details on the specific effects are as follows:

[0054] 1. The longitudinally moving lifting car platform avoids the vertical lifting channel of the upper lifting car platform by moving longitudinally back and forth, so there is no need for empty parking spaces and the parking can be full. Therefore, the parking garage capacity density is greatly increased and the space utilization is greatly improved.

[0055] 2. The clearance space is only used for temporary short-term parking of the longitudinally moving and lifting vehicle platform, and is not used as a lifting channel. It has minimal impact on the safety of pedestrians and vehicles in the lane, and since vehicle storage and retrieval are not carried out in the lane, it has no impact on the traffic efficiency of the lane.

[0056] 3. When a safety partition is installed at the bottom of the clearance space, even if the temporarily parked longitudinal lifting vehicle platform falls, the safety of pedestrians and vehicles in the lane will still be guaranteed. At the same time, the safety partition can also catch oil leaks and water drips from the vehicle, preventing people and vehicles in the lane from being contaminated.

[0057] 4. The obstacle avoidance space can also be located above the parking space. Just like traditional technical solutions, there are no moving objects above the lane, so it has no impact on lane safety.

[0058] 5. In a multi-level parking garage, rear parking spaces allow for easy access to and from vehicles from the front, ensuring safety, convenience, and efficiency.

[0059] 6. The lifting car platform of the longitudinal moving and lifting car platform of the second to c layers of the parallel-type three-dimensional parking garage does not have a lifting parking space frame. The required longitudinal moving track height does not occupy the effective height of the parking space. Moreover, the longitudinal moving track has the same height as the transverse moving track required by the existing technology. Only the direction of track installation is different. The mechanical three-dimensional parking garage of the present invention has a lower floor height.

[0060] 7. In a multi-level parking garage, no parking space requires a lifting or sliding frame, which can significantly reduce costs.

[0061] 8. The longitudinally moving car platform of the stacked three-dimensional parking garage has no transversely moving parking space frame under it, and the height of the transversely moving car platform is the same. There is no need to dig a pit to sink it, which saves a lot of civil engineering costs and is suitable for any scenario.

[0062] 9. In the rear row of the multi-level parking garage, the first-level longitudinal moving car platform only has longitudinal movement in one direction (front and back), while the second to c-level longitudinal moving and lifting car platforms only have movement in two directions (front and back longitudinal movement and up and down lifting). Compared with existing technologies, it has one less moving part in one direction, making the structure simpler and the failure rate and cost lower.

[0063] 10. In the parallel-type automated parking system, both the longitudinally moving car carriers on the first floor and the longitudinally moving and lifting car carriers on the second to third floors operate on fixed longitudinally moving tracks, eliminating the need for cumbersome track alignment mechanisms and operations, thus greatly reducing the failure rate.

[0064] 11. The longitudinally moving and lifting car-carrying platforms on the 2nd to Cth floors of the rear row of the multi-level parking garage only need to be moved forward longitudinally (the lateral moving car-carrying platforms on the front row are moved left and right simultaneously) and lowered downward in two steps to move the lifting car-carrying platforms to the empty spaces on the 1st floor of the front row for storing and retrieving cars, which greatly improves the operating efficiency.

[0065] 12. When the site width is only sufficient to arrange one row of parking spaces (i.e., b=1), it can be constructed as a mechanical multi-level parking garage with a single row of parking units or as a mechanical multi-level parking garage with multiple rows of parking units. Attached Figure Description

[0066] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of the high-density mechanical three-dimensional parking garage with aerial longitudinal movement and obstacle avoidance according to the present invention.

[0067] Figure 2 is a structural front view of the high-density mechanical three-dimensional parking garage of the present invention, which features aerial longitudinal movement and obstacle avoidance.

[0068] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the vehicle avoidance and retrieval process of the high-density mechanical three-dimensional parking garage of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the lifting vehicle platform structure and lifting process in the present invention and its embodiments;

[0070] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the longitudinally moving and lifting vehicle platform of the present invention and its embodiments;

[0071] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal moving frame of the present invention and its embodiments;

[0072] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the transverse lifting vehicle platform of the present invention and its embodiments;

[0073] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the longitudinal moving vehicle plate and the second longitudinal moving track of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transverse car carrier plate and the second transverse track of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 10 is a perspective view of an example of a row of parking units in front of the parking space in Embodiment 1;

[0076] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the second and third layer longitudinally moving lifting vehicle platforms moving to the clearance space in Example 1, while the first layer transversely moving vehicle platform moves to make room for the upper layer vehicle platform to descend.

[0077] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the vehicle retrieval process in Example 1, where the 4-layer lifting vehicle platform descends to the 1st layer.

[0078] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the parking space being vacated after the 4-layer lifting vehicle platform descends to the 1st layer to retrieve the vehicle in Example 1;

[0079] Figure 14 is a three-dimensional structural view of a row of parking units behind the parking space in Embodiment 2;

[0080] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the second and third layer longitudinally moving lifting vehicle platforms in Example 2, which move backward to the clearance space, while the first layer transversely moving vehicle platform moves to make room for the upper layer vehicle platform to descend.

[0081] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the vehicle retrieval process in Example 2, where the 4-layer lifting vehicle platform descends to the 1st layer.

[0082] Figure 17 is a three-dimensional structural view of the double-row parking unit re-arrangement embodiment of Example 3;

[0083] Figure 18 is a top view of the structure of the first floor of the front and rear rows of parking units in Embodiment 3;

[0084] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the longitudinally sliding lifting vehicle platform of the first row, the second, third and fourth layers, moving to the clearance space in Example 3, and the longitudinally sliding lifting vehicle platform of the second row, the fourth layer, moving to the first row.

[0085] Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the longitudinally sliding lifting vehicle platform of the second row and fourth floor in Example 3 descending to the first floor and then retrieving the vehicle from the first row.

[0086] Figure 21 is a three-dimensional view of the structure of Example 4, in which mechanical three-dimensional parking garages are set up on both sides of the lane, and the first and second floors of the second row are used as non-parking spaces, and safety partitions are set up above the lane.

[0087] Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal lifting vehicle platform of the 3rd and 4th floors of the 1st row in Example 4, which moves forward longitudinally to the clearance space, while the transverse lifting vehicle platform of the 2nd floor of the 1st row moves laterally to clear the space, while the transverse lifting vehicle platform of the 1st floor of the 1st row moves to make room for the upper vehicle platform to descend, and the longitudinal lifting vehicle platform of the 4th floor of the 2nd row moves forward to the parking space of the 1st row and is ready to descend to retrieve the vehicle.

[0088] Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal lifting vehicle platform of the second row, fourth floor in Example 4 descending to the first row, first floor to retrieve the vehicle;

[0089] Figure 24 is a three-dimensional structural view of Example 5;

[0090] Wherein: 1—parking space, 2—avoidance space; 11—lifting vehicle platform, 111—first vehicle platform body, 112—lifting drive transmission mechanism; 12—longitudinal lifting vehicle platform, 121—longitudinal track, 122—longitudinal drive transmission mechanism, 123—longitudinal frame; 13—lateral lifting vehicle platform, 131—lateral track, 132—lateral drive transmission mechanism, 133—lateral frame; 14—longitudinal vehicle platform, 141—second longitudinal track, 142—second longitudinal drive transmission mechanism, 143—second vehicle platform body; 15—lateral vehicle platform, 151—second lateral track, 152—second lateral drive transmission mechanism; 21—safety partition. Detailed Implementation

[0091] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0092] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, all vehicles are carried by vehicle carriers, specifically by lifting vehicle carrier 11, longitudinal lifting vehicle carrier 12, longitudinal vehicle carrier 14, transverse lifting vehicle carrier 13, and transverse vehicle carrier 15. When these vehicle carriers are on the first floor, vehicles can be parked by driving onto the vehicle carrier and retrieved by driving off the vehicle carrier. When the vehicle carriers are on the first floor of the first row, vehicles can be parked and retrieved in the front row.

[0093] As shown in Figure 4, the lifting platform 11 is installed on the top floor of the parking unit; or as shown in Figure 5, it is installed on the longitudinal frame 123 of the longitudinal lifting platform 12; or as shown in Figure 7, it is installed on the transverse frame 133 of the transverse lifting platform 13. All of these can be vertically lowered to the first-level empty space, allowing vehicles to park or retrieve themselves. After parking or retrieving, the lifting platform 11 can be vertically lifted back to its original position. As shown in Figure 3, the longitudinal lifting platform 12 can move longitudinally along the longitudinal track 121 between the rows of parking units within the parking space 1, and between the parking space 1 and the clearance space 2. The empty space created after the longitudinal lifting platform 12 is moved can serve as a vertical channel for the upper lifting platform 11 to move up and down, and its own lifting platform 11 can also move up and down. As shown in Figures 7, 21, 22, and 23, the transverse lifting platform 13 can... The vehicle moves laterally along the transverse track 131 to change the position of the vacant space. The vacant space can then serve as a vertical channel for the upper lifting platform 11 to move up and down, and the lifting platform 11 itself can also move up and down. As shown in Figures 3, 8, 17, 18, 19, and 24, the longitudinal moving platform 14 can move forward along the second longitudinal track 141 to the first floor of the first row of parking units for temporary parking. After parking and retrieving the vehicle, it can move backward to return. In its original position; as shown in Figures 2, 9, 10, 11, 14, 15, 17, 18, 21, 22, and 23, the transverse moving vehicle platform 15 can move laterally left and right along the second transverse moving track 151 to change the position of the vacant space. The vacant space can be used as the landing position of the upper lifting vehicle platform 11, as the longitudinal channel for the longitudinal movement of the rear longitudinal moving vehicle platform 14, and as the longitudinal channel for the rear transverse moving vehicle platform 15 to store and retrieve vehicles.

[0094] When the lifting vehicle platform 11 of the top-level lifting vehicle platform 11, the longitudinal lifting vehicle platform 12, and the transverse lifting vehicle platform 13 descends to the first floor, it is essentially the first vehicle platform body 111 that descends to the first floor. However, for the sake of simplification and distinction, the first vehicle platform body 111 of the top-level lifting vehicle platform 11 is collectively referred to as the lifting vehicle platform 11, the first vehicle platform body 111 of the longitudinal lifting vehicle platform 12 is collectively referred to as the longitudinal lifting vehicle platform 12, and the first vehicle platform body 111 of the transverse lifting vehicle platform 13 is collectively referred to as the longitudinal lifting vehicle platform 13.

[0095] As shown in Figure 2, the longitudinal lifting vehicle platform 12 is located on the 2nd to cth floors of each parking unit. Each floor can be fully loaded with lifting vehicle platforms 11 without leaving any empty space. The transverse lifting vehicle platform is located on the 2nd to c-1th floors of each parking unit. The transverse vehicle platform 15 is located on the 1st floor of each parking unit. Each floor with transverse lifting vehicle platform 13 and transverse vehicle platform 15 needs to have one empty space, which means one less vehicle to park. As shown in Figure 3, the longitudinal vehicle platform 14 is located on the 1st floor of the last row. The last row can be fully loaded with vehicles without leaving any empty space.

[0096] In this embodiment, as shown in FIG4, the lifting platform 11 includes a lifting drive transmission mechanism 112 and a first platform body 111. The lifting drive transmission mechanism 112 can lift the first platform body 111 and keep it at a certain air position, and can also lower the first platform body 111, which is at a certain air position, to the first floor for parking. For example, commonly used mechanisms include a motor-driven drum rotation that rotates to drive the wire rope to lift the first platform body 111, a motor-driven sprocket rotation that rotates to drive the chain to circulate and lift the first platform body 111, and others that can meet the requirements. Any mechanism or form that allows the first vehicle platform body 111 to be smoothly raised and lowered can be used in this invention. As shown in Figures 5 and 6, a longitudinal drive transmission mechanism 122 is installed on the longitudinal frame 123. The longitudinal drive transmission mechanism 122 drives the longitudinal frame 123 to move forward or backward along the longitudinal track 121 to make room for the vertical channel required for the upper lifting vehicle platform 11 to rise and fall. For example, a drive motor, pneumatic mechanism, hydraulic power, etc. can be used as the power source, and in conjunction with a transmission mechanism such as a chain and sprocket, the traveling wheels can be driven to roll on the longitudinal track 121. Similarly, as shown in Figure 8... As shown in Figure 18, the longitudinally moving vehicle platform 14 includes a second vehicle platform body 143 and a longitudinally moving drive transmission mechanism 142 mounted on it. The longitudinally moving drive transmission mechanism 142 can drive the second vehicle platform body 143 to move longitudinally along the longitudinal track 141 from the rear parking unit to the frontmost parking unit, and return to the rear position. As shown in Figures 7, 21, 22, and 23, a transverse moving frame 133 is equipped with a transverse moving drive transmission mechanism 132. The transverse moving drive transmission mechanism 132 drives the transverse moving frame 133 to move left or right along the transverse track 131 to make room for a certain column. Similarly, as shown in Figures 2, 9, 10, 11, 14, 15, 17, 18, 21, 22, and 23, the lateral vehicle platform 15 includes a second vehicle platform body 143 and a second lateral drive transmission mechanism 152 mounted on it. The second lateral drive transmission mechanism 152 can drive the second vehicle platform body 143 to move left or right along the second lateral track 151 to make room for a certain column as the landing position of the upper lifting vehicle platform 11 or as the longitudinal passage of the rear parking unit of this floor.

[0097] In this embodiment, the parking space 1 includes a row of parking units arranged longitudinally, and each row of parking units includes b columns of c-level parking spaces arranged transversely; wherein: a, b, c, and n are all positive integers and a≥1, b≥1, c≥2, a-1≥n≥1;

[0098] Example 1: As shown in Figures 10, 11, 12, and 13, the bypass space 2 is a row of parking units in front of the parking space 1. Example of a multi-level parking garage: a=1, b=3, c=4. The second and third levels each have one set of longitudinal sliding frames 123 to mount three sets of lifting vehicle platforms 11. The fourth level has three sets of lifting vehicle platforms 11. The first level has two sets of transverse sliding vehicle platforms 15. The bypass space 2 above the driveway has two layers of longitudinal sliding tracks 121 (second and third levels combined). Thus, the entire multi-level parking garage can accommodate 11 vehicles, leaving only one parking space in the first row of the first level empty. Traditional lifting and transverse sliding mechanical multi-level parking garages can only accommodate 9 vehicles. The parking garage allows for two more vehicles to be parked. The steps for storing and retrieving vehicles are as follows:

[0099] (1) When the target parking space to be stored or retrieved is located in a certain column of a certain floor between the 2nd and 4th floors, all the longitudinally moving lifting car carriers 12 below it move forward together to temporarily stop in the clearance space 2. At the same time, the horizontally moving car carriers 15 of the 1st floor move horizontally left and right to make the column directly below the target parking space become an empty space. At this time, the target parking space lifting car carrier 11 can be lowered to the empty space of the 1st floor, and the parking or retrieval operation can be carried out.

[0100] (2) When the target parking space to be stored or retrieved is located in any column of the first layer, the storage or retrieval operation can be performed without any operation.

[0101] Example 2: As shown in Figures 14, 15, and 16, the bypass space 2 is a row of parking units behind the parking space 1 in this example of a multi-level parking garage: a=1, b=3, c=4. The second and third levels each have one set of longitudinal sliding frames 123 to mount three sets of lifting vehicle platforms 11. The fourth level has three sets of lifting vehicle platforms 11. The first level has two sets of transverse sliding vehicle platforms 15. The bypass space 2 behind the parking space 1 has two layers of longitudinal sliding tracks 121 on the second and third levels. Thus, the entire multi-level parking garage can accommodate 11 vehicles, leaving only one parking space in the first row of the first level empty. In contrast, traditional lifting and transverse sliding mechanical multi-level parking garages can only accommodate 9 vehicles. This allows for the parking of 2 more vehicles. The steps for storing and retrieving vehicles are as follows:

[0102] (1) When the target parking space to be stored or retrieved is located in a certain column of a certain floor between the 2nd and 4th floors, all the longitudinally moving lifting car carriers 12 below it move backward together to temporarily stop in the clearance space 2. At the same time, the horizontally moving car carriers 15 of the 1st floor move horizontally left and right to make the column directly below the target parking space become an empty space. At this time, the target parking space lifting car carrier 11 can be lowered to the empty space of the 1st floor, and the parking and retrieval operation can be carried out.

[0103] (2) When the target parking space to be stored or retrieved is located in any column of the first layer, the storage or retrieval operation can be performed without any operation.

[0104] Example 3: As shown in Figures 17, 18, 19, and 20, the example of a two-row parking unit stacked in front of the parking space 1, with the clearance space 2 being a=2, b=3, and c=4, shows that each row of parking units has one set of longitudinal moving frames 123 on the 2nd to 4th floors, which are equipped with three sets of longitudinally moving lifting car platforms 12. The first row of parking units on the 1st floor has two sets of transverse moving car platforms 15, and the second row has three sets of longitudinally moving car platforms 14. The clearance space 2 above the driveway has three layers of longitudinal moving tracks 121 on the 2nd to 4th floors. Thus, the entire automated parking garage can accommodate 23 vehicles, leaving only one parking space on the 1st floor, 1st row empty. In contrast, the traditional stacked mechanical automated parking garage can only accommodate 18 vehicles. This allows for 5 more vehicles to be parked. The steps for storing and retrieving vehicles are as follows:

[0105] (1) When the target parking space is located in a certain column of the second to fourth floor of the first row parking unit, all the longitudinally moving lifting car carriers 12 below it move forward together to temporarily stop in the clearance space 2. At the same time, the horizontally moving car carriers 15 of the first floor move horizontally to make the column directly below the target parking space become empty. At this time, the target parking space lifting car carrier 11 can be lowered to the empty space of the first floor of the first row, so that the parking operation can be carried out in the front row.

[0106] (2) When the target parking space to be stored or retrieved is located in any column of the first row of parking units, the storage or retrieval operation can be performed in the front row without any operation.

[0107] (3) When the target parking space is located on a certain floor and column of the 2nd to 4th floors of the 2nd row parking unit, the longitudinal lifting platform 12 of the target parking space, the longitudinal lifting platform 12 on the same floor as the target parking space in the 1st row parking unit, and all the longitudinal lifting platform 12s on all floors below it are moved forward longitudinally by the distance of one row parking unit. The longitudinal lifting platform 12 of the 1st row moves longitudinally to the clearance space 2 and temporarily stops. The longitudinal lifting platform 12 of the target parking space in the 2nd row parking unit moves forward longitudinally to the position of the 1st row parking unit and temporarily stops. At the same time, the lateral lifting platform 15 is moved horizontally to the left and right. The horizontal movement makes the first row of the first floor of the first row of parking units corresponding to the target parking space become an empty space. At this time, the target parking space lifting platform 11 can be lowered to the empty space on the first floor of the first row of parking units, so that the second row of parking spaces can be accessed from the first row (front row). Furthermore, the horizontal movement of the horizontal moving platform 15 on the first floor of the first row of parking units and the vertical movement of all the vertical moving lifting platforms 12 are synchronized. This means that the access to the upper rear parking spaces only requires two periods of time: the vertical movement and the lifting of the vertical moving platform 12. The access efficiency is significantly improved.

[0108] (4) When the target parking space to be stored or retrieved is located in any column of the first floor of the second row parking unit, the horizontal shifting vehicle platform 15 is moved horizontally to make the column corresponding to the first floor of the first row parking unit directly in front of the target parking space become an empty space. The vertical shifting vehicle platform 14 of the target parking space is moved forward to the first floor of the first row parking unit, so that the vehicle can be stored or retrieved in the front row.

[0109] (5) Since all the longitudinally moving and lifting car carriers 12 in the second row (i.e. the last row) parking unit do not move or lift within the second row parking unit, any floor of the last row parking unit can be used as a business room, management room or other purpose without any form of car carrier. In particular, the first floor of the last row can be used directly for parking without a car carrier.

[0110] Example 4: As shown in Figures 21, 22, and 23, this example illustrates a mechanical multi-level parking garage with units on both sides of a driveway. One side of the driveway (referred to as Group 1) consists of a single-row parking unit with 3 rows and 4 levels. The second level has a lateral lifting platform 13 for 2 parking spaces, the third level has a longitudinal lifting platform 12 for 3 parking spaces, the fourth level has a lifting platform 11 for 3 parking spaces, and the first level has a lateral lifting platform 15 for 2 parking spaces. The other side of the driveway (referred to as Group 2) consists of a multi-level parking garage with two rows of parking units, each with 3 rows and 4 levels. The first row of parking units... The second floor has a lateral lifting platform 13 for two parking spaces. The third and fourth floors of the first and second row parking units each have a longitudinal lifting platform 12 for three parking spaces. The first floor of the first row parking unit has a lateral lifting platform 15 for two parking spaces. The first and second floors of the second row parking unit have no platform, and this space is used as a management room. The third and fourth floors above the driveway are clearance spaces 2. The clearance space 2 on the third floor and its longitudinal track 121 are shared by the two-sided multi-level parking garages. A safety partition 21 is installed below the longitudinal track 121 on the third floor. The steps for storing and retrieving vehicles are as follows:

[0111] (1) When the target parking space is located in a certain column of the second to fourth floor of the first row of the first group or the second group, the longitudinal lifting platform 12 below it moves forward to the clearance space 2 and stops temporarily. The lateral lifting platform 13 of the second floor moves to the left or right to clear the vertical passage required for the upper lifting platform 11 to lift. At the same time, the lateral lifting platform 15 of the first floor moves horizontally to the left or right to make the column directly below the target parking space become empty. At this time, the target parking space lifting platform 11 can be lowered to the empty space of the first row and the first floor, and the parking operation can be carried out.

[0112] (2) When the target parking space is located in a certain column of the 3rd to 4th floor of the 2nd row of parking units in the 2nd group, the longitudinal lifting platform 12 of the target parking space, the longitudinal lifting platform 12 of the same floor as the target parking space in the 1st row of parking units, and all the longitudinal lifting platform 12s of the floors below the target parking space are all moved forward longitudinally by the distance of 1 row of parking units. The longitudinal lifting platform 12 of the 1st row moves longitudinally to the clearance space 2 and temporarily stops. The longitudinal lifting platform 12 of the target parking space in the 2nd row of parking units moves forward longitudinally. The vehicle moves to the first row of parking units and temporarily stops. The second-level horizontal sliding lifting platform 13 moves to the left or right to clear the vertical passage required for the upper-level lifting platform 11 to rise and fall. At the same time, the horizontal sliding platform 15 moves horizontally left and right to make the first row of the first-level parking unit corresponding to the target parking space vacant. At this time, the target parking space lifting platform 11 can descend to the vacant space on the first level of the first row of parking units, allowing the vehicle to be stored or retrieved from the first row (front row).

[0113] (3) When the target parking space to be stored or retrieved is located in any column of the first row of the first parking unit in the first group or the second group, the parking or retrieval operation can be performed in the front row without any operation.

[0114] Example 5: As shown in Figure 24, mechanical multi-level parking garages are installed on both sides of the driveway. One side of the driveway (referred to as Group 1) is a single-row, four-story multi-level parking garage. The second and third floors each have a longitudinally sliding lifting platform 12 for one parking space, and the fourth floor has a lifting platform 11 for one parking space. The first floor has no platform. On the other side of the driveway (referred to as Group 2), there are two rows of parking units, each with four stories. The second to fourth floors of the first and second rows of parking units each have a longitudinally sliding lifting platform 12 for one parking space. The first floor of the first row of parking units has no platform, and the first floor of the second row of parking units has a longitudinally sliding platform 14 for one parking space. The second to fourth floors above the driveway are clearance spaces 2. The clearance spaces 2 and 3 and their longitudinal tracks 121 are shared by both multi-level parking garages. The steps for storing and retrieving vehicles are as follows:

[0115] (1) When the target parking space to be stored or retrieved is located on the second to fourth floor of the first row of parking units in the first group or the second group, all the longitudinally moving lifting car carriers 12 below it move forward together to the clearance space 2 for temporary parking. At this time, the target parking space lifting car carrier 11 can be lowered to the vacant space on the first floor, and the parking and retrieval operation can be carried out.

[0116] (2) When the target parking space is located on a floor between the 2nd and 4th floors of the 2nd row of parking units in the 2nd group, the longitudinal lifting platform 12 of the target parking space, the longitudinal lifting platform 12 on the same floor as the target parking space in the 1st row of parking units, and all the longitudinal lifting platform 12 on floors below the target parking space move forward longitudinally a distance of 1 row of parking units. The longitudinal lifting platform 12 of the 1st row moves longitudinally to the clearance space 2 and stops temporarily. The longitudinal lifting platform 12 of the target parking space in the 2nd row of parking units moves forward longitudinally to the position of the 1st row of parking units and stops temporarily. At this time, the lifting platform 11 of the target parking space can be lowered to the vacant space on the 1st floor of the 1st row of parking units, so that the parking operation of the 2nd row (rear row) can be performed in the 1st row (front row).

[0117] (3) When the target parking space to be stored or retrieved is located on the first floor of the second row of parking units in the second group, the longitudinally moving vehicle platform 14 is directly moved longitudinally to the first floor of the first row of parking units, so that the storage and retrieval operation can be carried out in the front row.

[0118] When a≥3, it is a multi-row mechanical parking garage composed of multiple parking units. The steps for storing and retrieving vehicles in various situations are similar to those when a=2, and will not be repeated here.

[0119] Preferably, both the longitudinal moving platform 14 and the transverse moving platform 15 are equipped with traveling rollers at their bottoms. There are four sets of traveling rollers, arranged at the four corners of the longitudinal moving platform 14 and the transverse moving platform 15. Each set of traveling rollers can consist of one or more rollers, arranged sequentially along the travel path of the longitudinal moving platform 14 and the transverse moving platform 15. If multiple traveling rollers are provided, the mating gap at the intersection of the second longitudinal guide rail 141 and the second transverse guide rail 151 can be appropriately increased during use without affecting the stability of the movement of the longitudinal moving platform 14 and the transverse moving platform 15.

Claims

1. A high-density mechanical three-dimensional parking garage with aerial longitudinal movement and obstacle avoidance, characterized in that, The system includes a parking space (1) and a clearance space (2). The parking space (1) includes a row of parking units arranged longitudinally, each row of parking units including a column of parking spaces arranged laterally, and at least one row of parking units has a longitudinally sliding lifting platform (12) and a longitudinal sliding track (121) on one level. The clearance space (2) is located in front of and / or behind the parking space (1). The longitudinal sliding track (121) extends horizontally from the parking space (1) to the clearance space (2). The structural specifications of the clearance space (2) can accommodate the temporary parking of all the longitudinally sliding lifting platforms (12) of n consecutive rows of parking units. b, c, and n are all positive integers and a≥1, b≥1, c≥2, a-1≥n≥1; In the parking unit: the top floor c level is provided with a maximum of b sets of longitudinal lifting vehicle platforms (12) or a maximum of b sets of lifting vehicle platforms (11), each floor from 2 to c-1 is provided with a maximum of b sets of longitudinal lifting vehicle platforms (12) or a maximum of b-1 sets of transverse lifting vehicle platforms (13), and at least one floor from 2 to c is provided with a longitudinal lifting vehicle platform (12), the first floor of the first to a-1 rows is provided with a maximum of b-1 sets of transverse lifting vehicle platforms (15), and when a≥2, the first floor of the a-row parking unit can also be provided with a maximum of b sets of longitudinal lifting vehicle platforms (14).

2. The high-density mechanical automated parking system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The longitudinally moving lifting vehicle platform (12) includes a longitudinally moving frame (123) and its attached lifting vehicle platform (11). A certain floor of a parking unit may have only one set of longitudinally moving frames (123) and a maximum of b sets of lifting vehicle platforms (11), or it may have a maximum of b sets of longitudinally moving frames (123) and a pair of lifting vehicle platforms (11) attached to each other. Both forms are collectively referred to as having a maximum of b sets of longitudinally moving lifting vehicle platforms (12). The transversely moving lifting vehicle platform (13) includes a transversely moving frame (133) and its attached lifting vehicle platform (11). The transversely moving frame (133) is attached to a pair of lifting vehicle platforms (11). A parking unit may have a maximum of b-1 sets of transversely moving lifting vehicle platforms (13) per floor.

3. The high-density mechanical automated parking system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clearance space (2) is located above the lane. A safety partition (21) is provided below the lowest longitudinal track (121) of the clearance space (2) located above the lane. Its structure can block falling objects, dripping water, and oil leakage. The height of the safety partition (21) should be such that it does not hinder the longitudinal movement of the longitudinal lifting platform (12) and does not affect the normal passage of people and vehicles on the lane. The clearance space (2) can also be located above the rear of the parking space (1), or simultaneously located above the front and rear of the parking space (1). When both sides of the lane are equipped with an aerial longitudinal clearance mechanical parking garage, the longitudinal track (121) can simultaneously cross the lane and connect the clearance space (2) and the parking spaces (1) on both sides. The parking garages on both sides of the lane can share the clearance space (2) and its longitudinal track (121).

4. The high-density mechanical automated parking system according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the clearance space (2) is located above the parking space (1) and a≥2, and all the 2nd to cth floors of the parking units in the 1st to a-1st rows of the parking space (1) are equipped with longitudinally sliding lifting vehicle platform (12), any floor of the ath row, i.e. the last row of the parking unit, may not be equipped with a vehicle platform. These floors without vehicle platforms can be used as buildings or objects for non-parking purposes, and the 1st floor can also be used for flat parking.

5. A method for storing and retrieving vehicles based on a high-density mechanical automated parking system as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that... include: The longitudinally moving lifting platform (12) moves along the longitudinal track (121) between parking units within the parking space (1) and between the parking space (1) and the clearance space (2). All levels of a parking unit equipped with the longitudinally moving lifting platform (12) can serve as vertical channels for the lifting and lowering of its upper-level lifting platform (11), and / or, by moving the transversely moving lifting platform (13) along the transverse track (131) between columns, any level of the parking unit equipped with the transversely moving lifting platform (13) can... A column can serve as a vertical channel for the lifting and lowering of its upper lifting platform (11). By moving the lateral platform (15) laterally between columns along the second lateral track (151), the position of the vacant space can be changed. The upper lifting platform (11) can be lowered into the vacant space, which can also serve as a longitudinal channel for vehicles and pedestrians, or as a longitudinal channel for the rear longitudinal platform (14) to move back and forth. The longitudinal platform (14) can move longitudinally between the rear parking unit and the front parking unit along the second longitudinal track (141). The top-level fixed lifting vehicle platform (11), the lifting vehicle platform (11) hanging on the longitudinal frame (123) of the longitudinal lifting vehicle platform (12), and the lifting vehicle platform (11) hanging on the transverse frame (133) of the transverse lifting vehicle platform (13) can all move vertically. After descending to the first floor, the vehicle drives into the lifting vehicle platform (11) and rises to the original floor for parking, and drives away from the lifting vehicle platform (11) to retrieve the vehicle; the vehicle can drive into the transverse vehicle platform (15) or the longitudinal vehicle platform (14) for parking, and drive away from the transverse vehicle platform (15) or the longitudinal vehicle platform (14) to retrieve the vehicle.

6. The method for storing and retrieving vehicles based on the high-density mechanical automated parking system as described in claim 5, characterized in that... Also includes: The clearance space (2) is located above the lane in front of the parking space (1). When a target parking space on the Lth floor of the Mth row of parking units needs to be used for parking, where a≥M≥1 and c≥L≥1, the parking and retrieval steps are as follows: (1) When L=1 and the target parking space is a transverse car platform (15): By moving the lateral vehicle platform (15) left and right, the first vacant space in the first row of parking units (1 to M-1) directly in front of the target parking space is made into a longitudinal driving channel. By reversing from the lane and passing through the longitudinal driving channel, you can enter the target parking space vehicle platform to store the car. You can drive away from the target parking space vehicle platform and pass through the longitudinal driving channel to reach the lane to retrieve the car. When M=1, you can directly store and retrieve the car in the front row. (2) Or when L=1 and the target parking space is a longitudinally moving vehicle platform (14): By moving the lateral vehicle carrier (15) left and right, a longitudinal transfer channel is formed in the first vacant space of the first row of parking units in front of the target parking space. The longitudinal vehicle carrier (14) of the target parking space moves forward along the longitudinal transfer channel to the first layer of the first row of parking units, so that the car can be stored and retrieved in the front row. After the car is stored and retrieved, the longitudinal vehicle carrier (14) moves backward along the longitudinal transfer channel to the original position.

7. The method for storing and retrieving vehicles based on the high-density mechanical automated parking system as described in claim 5, characterized in that... Also includes: When the clearance space (2) is located above the lane in front of the parking space (1), and a target parking space on the Lth floor of the Mth row parking unit is a longitudinally sliding lifting vehicle platform (12), and a vehicle needs to be stored or retrieved, where a≥M≥1, c≥L≥2, and M≤n+1, the steps for storing or retrieving the vehicle are as follows: All longitudinally moving lifting vehicle platforms (12) of the Lth layer of the parking units from row 1 to row M are moved forward so that the longitudinally moving lifting vehicle platform (12) of the Lth layer of the Mth parking unit is temporarily parked at the Lth layer of the 1st parking unit. In the 2nd to L-1st layers of the 1st parking unit, all longitudinally moving lifting vehicle platforms (12) are moved forward to the clearance space (2) to make room for the vertical passage of the 1st parking unit. All transversely moving lifting vehicle platforms (13) are moved left and right to make room for the vertical passage of the 1st parking unit. The transversely moving vehicle platform (15) of the 1st layer of the 1st parking unit is moved left and right to make room for the target parking space lifting vehicle platform (11) to land. The target parking space lifting vehicle platform (11) lands on the vacant space of the 1st layer of the 1st parking unit so that the vehicle can be stored and retrieved in the front row.

8. The method for storing and retrieving vehicles based on the high-density mechanical automated parking system as described in claim 5, characterized in that... Also includes: When the clearance space (2) is located above the lane in front of the parking space (1), and a target parking space on the Lth floor of the Mth row parking unit is a longitudinally sliding lifting vehicle platform (12), and a vehicle needs to be stored or retrieved, where a≥M≥1, c≥L≥2, M>n+1, the steps for storing or retrieving the vehicle are as follows: All longitudinally moving lifting vehicle platforms (12) on the Lth floor of parking units 1 to M are moved forward by the distance of n parking units, so that the longitudinally moving lifting vehicle platform (12) on the Lth floor of parking unit M is temporarily parked on the Lth floor of parking unit Mn. In parking units Mn, on floors 2 to L-1, all longitudinally moving lifting vehicle platforms (12) and the longitudinally moving lifting vehicle platforms (12) in front of each floor are moved forward by the distance of 1 parking unit to make room for the vertical passage of parking unit Mn. All transversely moving lifting vehicle platforms (13) are moved left and right to make room for the vertical passage of parking unit Mn. The lateral movement of 5) makes the first floor of the Mn-th row of parking units vacate the space required for the target parking space's lifting platform (11) to descend. The vacant spaces on the first floor of each row of parking units in front of this vacant space form a longitudinal driving channel. The lifting platform (11) of the target parking space descends to the vacant space on the first floor of the Mn-th row of parking units. By reversing from the lane and crossing the longitudinal driving channel, one can enter the target parking space's lifting platform (11) to store the car. By driving away from the target parking space's lifting platform (11) and crossing the longitudinal driving channel to reach the lane to retrieve the car, the purpose of storing and retrieving the car can be achieved by parking units in the row n in front of the target parking space.

9. The method for storing and retrieving vehicles in a high-density mechanical automated parking system as described in claim 5, characterized in that... Also includes: When the clearance space (2) is located above the lane in front of the parking space (1), and a target parking space on the Lth floor of the Mth row parking unit is a lift platform (11) or a horizontal lift platform (13) and a vehicle needs to be stored or retrieved, where a≥M≥1 and c≥L≥2, the steps for storing or retrieving the vehicle are as follows: In the second to L-1 levels of the M-row parking unit, all longitudinally moving lifting car carriers (12) and the longitudinally moving lifting car carriers (12) in front of each level are moved forward by the distance of one parking unit to make room for the vertical passage. All transversely moving lifting car carriers (13) move left and right to avoid the vertical passage. The transversely moving car carriers (15) make room for the target parking space's lifting car carrier (11) to descend on the first level of the M-row parking unit. The empty spaces on the first level of each row of parking units in front of this empty space form a longitudinal driving passage. The target parking space's lifting car carrier (11) descends to the empty space on the first level of the M-row parking unit. You can reverse through the longitudinal driving passage from the lane to enter the target parking space's lifting car carrier (11) to park your car. You can drive away from the target parking space's lifting car carrier (11) and cross the longitudinal driving passage to reach the lane to retrieve your car. When M=1, there is no need to make room for the longitudinal driving passage, and you can park and retrieve your car at the front row.

10. A method for storing and retrieving vehicles based on a high-density mechanical automated parking system as described in any one of claims 5-9, characterized in that... Also includes: The clearance space (2) is located above and behind the parking space (1). When a target parking space on the Lth floor of the Mth row of parking units needs to be used for parking, where a≥M≥1 and c≥L≥1, the parking and retrieval steps are as follows: (1) When L=1: the vehicle storage and retrieval method is the same as that described in claim 8, except that when the clearance space (2) is behind the parking space (1), the first floor does not have a longitudinally moving vehicle platform (14); (2) When c≥L≥2: In the second to L-1 levels of the M-row parking unit, all longitudinally moving lifting car carriers (12) and the longitudinally moving lifting car carriers (12) in front of each level are all moved backward by the distance of one parking unit to make room for the vertical passage. All laterally moving lifting car carriers (13) make room for the vertical passage by moving left and right. The laterally moving car carriers (15) make room for the target parking space's lifting car carrier (11) to descend on the first level of the M-row parking unit. The vacant spaces on the first level of each row of parking units in front of this vacant space form a longitudinal driving passage. The target parking space's lifting car carrier (11) descends to the vacant space on the first level of the M-row parking unit. You can reverse through the longitudinal driving passage from the lane to enter the target parking space's lifting car carrier (11) to park your car. You can drive away from the target parking space's lifting car carrier (11) and cross the longitudinal driving passage to reach the lane to retrieve your car. When M=1, there is no need to make room for the longitudinal driving passage, and you can park and retrieve your car at the front row.

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