Communication method and communication apparatus

Abstract

The present application provides a communication method and a communication apparatus, applied to the field of communications. In a technical solution of the present application, a new mapping relationship between a bit sequence and complex-valued modulation symbols is provided. In other words, new complex-valued modulation symbols are provided for the bit sequence, and differences between phases corresponding to the complex-valued modulation symbols are reduced, and thus differences between carrier waveforms corresponding to the complex-valued modulation symbols, which can improve smoothness between carrier signals, and ultimately can improve wireless charging efficiency.

Description

Communication methods and communication devices

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411554174.2, filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on October 31, 2024, entitled "Communication Method and Communication Device", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of communications, and more particularly to communication methods and communication devices. Background Technology

[0003] The wireless data-energy integrated communication network combines wireless information transmission and wireless energy transmission, enabling collaborative transmission of data and energy, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the wireless communication network. In this network, communication devices receive wireless communication signals via receiver antennas and then use energy harvesting devices to convert the electromagnetic wave energy carried by the signals into electrical energy for storage, thus achieving energy storage.

[0004] However, the energy conversion efficiency of communication equipment in wireless data-energy integrated communication networks is relatively low. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The communication method and communication device provided in this application provide technical support for improving the charging efficiency of communication equipment in a wireless data-energy integrated communication network, or in other words, help to improve the charging efficiency of communication equipment in a wireless data-energy integrated communication network.

[0006] Firstly, this application provides a communication method that can be executed by a communication device. The communication device can be a communication equipment, or one or more of the following: a module, apparatus, chip, or circuit configured for use in or in conjunction with the communication equipment. When the communication device is a signal transmitter, the communication method is executed. In some implementations, the communication equipment is a network device, such as a base station; or, the communication equipment can be a terminal.

[0007] This communication method includes: acquiring a bit stream; mapping the bit stream to multiple complex-valued modulation symbols according to a mapping relationship, wherein every N bits in the bit stream is mapped to one of these multiple complex-valued modulation symbols, where N is a positive integer, and the mapping relationship includes: the mapping relationship between M binary values ​​within the binary value range of the N bits and the M complex-valued modulation symbols, where the central angle between any two complex-valued modulation symbols is less than π, and M is a positive integer, and M is less than or equal to 2. N .

[0008] The smaller the central angle corresponding to two complex numerical symbols, the smaller the difference between the waveforms of the two carrier signals corresponding to these two complex numerical symbols, that is, the higher the similarity between the waveforms of the two carrier signals corresponding to these two complex numerical symbols.

[0009] In this communication method, since the central angles corresponding to any two complex-valued modulation symbols among the M complex-valued modulation symbols are relatively small, specifically less than π, it helps to reduce the difference between the waveforms of the two carrier signals corresponding to any two complex-valued symbols, that is, it helps to improve the similarity between the waveforms of the two carrier signals corresponding to any two complex-valued symbols.

[0010] If the similarity between the waveforms of the two carrier signals corresponding to any two complex numerical symbols is improved, then even if the randomness of the bits in the bit stream causes the multiple carrier signals corresponding to the multiple complex numerical modulation symbols obtained by bit stream modulation to be random, the difference between the multiple carrier signals corresponding to the bit stream can be reduced, that is, the similarity between the multiple carrier signals corresponding to the bit stream can be improved.

[0011] Because the higher the similarity of the multiple carrier signals corresponding to the bit stream, the smoother the envelope of the radio frequency signal formed when these multiple carrier signals are sent sequentially in time, the higher the wireless charging efficiency of the radio frequency signal at the receiving end. Therefore, this communication method helps to improve the wireless charging efficiency of the communication device as the receiving end.

[0012] In some implementations, the above mapping relationship is related to at least one of the following: a first parameter, a first scaling factor, or a second scaling factor. The first scaling factor is used to determine the interval between the complex-valued modulation symbols in the M complex-valued modulation symbols; the second scaling factor is used to determine a first range on a circle, the distribution range of the M complex-valued modulation symbols being located within the first range; and the first parameter is used to determine the radius of the circle corresponding to the M complex-valued modulation symbols.

[0013] In this implementation, the mapping relationship is related to one or more of the first parameter, the first scaling factor, and the second scaling factor. Therefore, by setting the value of one or more of these parameters, the central angle between any two complex-valued modulation symbols in the M complex-valued modulation symbols can be flexibly made to be less than π.

[0014] In some implementations, the exponential expression of the complex-valued modulation symbols among the M complex-valued modulation symbols is related to at least one of the following: a first parameter, a first scaling factor, or a second scaling factor. The first scaling factor is used to determine the interval between the complex-valued modulation symbols among the M complex-valued modulation symbols; the second scaling factor is used to determine a first range on a circle, the distribution range of the M complex-valued modulation symbols being within the first range; and the first parameter is used to determine the radius of the circle corresponding to the M complex-valued modulation symbols.

[0015] In this implementation, the phase and radius of the circle corresponding to the complex-valued modulation symbol are related to one or more of the first parameter, the first scaling factor, and the second scaling factor. Therefore, by setting the value of one or more of these parameters, the central angle of any two complex-valued modulation symbols among the M complex-valued modulation symbols can be flexibly made to be less than π.

[0016] In some implementations, at least one of the first scaling factor, the second scaling factor, and the first parameter is related to channel state information.

[0017] In this implementation, the complex-valued modulation symbols can be set by setting at least one of the first scaling factor, the second scaling factor, and the first parameter that are adapted to the channel state information, so that the complex-valued symbols of the bit stream mapping can better adapt to the current communication environment, while taking into account both communication performance and power performance.

[0018] In some implementations, this communication method further includes: receiving or sending first information, wherein the first information indicates at least one of the following: a first parameter, a first scaling factor, or a second scaling factor.

[0019] For example, when this communication method is executed by the terminal, the terminal also receives the first information configured by the network device. Alternatively, the terminal performs symbol modulation based on the parameters configured by the network device, so that the radio frequency signal corresponding to the complex-valued modulation symbol obtained by the terminal can improve the wireless charging efficiency.

[0020] For example, when this communication method is executed by a network device, the network device configures parameters for the terminal so that the radio frequency signal corresponding to the complex-valued modulation symbol modulated by the terminal can improve the wireless charging efficiency.

[0021] In some implementations, the exponential expression for K complex-valued modulation symbols out of M complex-valued modulation symbols includes: r*e±j(αm+1)δ / (K-1), where m is an integer ranging from 0 to K / 2-1, δ represents the second scaling factor (greater than 0 and less than π), α represents the first scaling factor (positive), r represents the radius of the circle corresponding to the K complex-valued modulation symbols (greater than 0), and K represents the number of complex-valued modulation symbols distributed on the circle of radius r out of the M complex-valued modulation symbols (positive even and less than or equal to M).

[0022] In this implementation, the phases of half of the K complex-valued modulation symbols are symmetrical to the phases of the other half.

[0023] In some implementations, This implementation method can avoid multiple complex-valued modulation symbols on the same circle having the same phase, thereby improving communication performance.

[0024] Secondly, this application provides a communication method that can be executed by a communication device. This communication device can be a communication equipment, or it can be one or more of the following: a module, apparatus, chip, or circuit configured for use in or in conjunction with a communication equipment. The communication device is a receiver of radio frequency signals. In some implementations, the aforementioned communication equipment is a network device, such as a base station; or, the aforementioned communication equipment can be a terminal.

[0025] This communication method includes: acquiring multiple complex-valued modulation symbols; mapping the multiple complex-valued modulation symbols into a bit stream according to a mapping relationship, wherein one complex-valued modulation symbol is mapped to N bits, where N is a positive integer, and the mapping relationship includes: the mapping relationship between M binary values ​​within the binary value range of the N bits and the M complex-valued modulation symbols, where the central angle between any two complex-valued modulation symbols is less than π, M is a positive integer, and M is less than or equal to 2. N .

[0026] In some implementations, this communication method further includes: receiving or sending first information, wherein the first information indicates at least one of the following: a first parameter, a first scaling factor, or a second scaling factor.

[0027] Thirdly, this application provides a communication device. This communication device may include modules corresponding to each of the methods / operations / steps / actions described in any possible implementation of the first aspect. These modules may be hardware circuits, software, or a combination of hardware circuits and software.

[0028] In one design, the communication device may include a processing module and a communication module. The communication module is used to perform the sending and receiving actions in the method described in any possible implementation of the first aspect above, while the processing module is used to perform the processing actions involved in the method described in any possible implementation of the first aspect above.

[0029] In one design, the communication device can be a network device, or a device, module, circuit, or chip configured in the network device, or a device that can be used in conjunction with the network device.

[0030] In one design, the communication device can be a terminal, or a device, module, circuit, or chip configured in the terminal, or a device that can be used in conjunction with the terminal.

[0031] Fourthly, this application provides a communication device. This communication device may include modules corresponding to each of the methods / operations / steps / actions described in any possible implementation of the second aspect. These modules may be hardware circuits, software, or a combination of hardware circuits and software.

[0032] In one design, the communication device may include a processing module and a communication module. The communication module is used to perform the sending and receiving actions in the method described in any possible implementation of the second aspect above, while the processing module is used to perform the processing actions involved in the method described in any possible implementation of the second aspect above.

[0033] In one design, the communication device can be a network device, or a device, module, circuit, or chip configured in the network device, or a device that can be used in conjunction with the network device.

[0034] In one design, the communication device can be a terminal, or a device, module, circuit, or chip configured in the terminal, or a device that can be used in conjunction with the terminal.

[0035] Fifthly, this application provides a communication device including a processor, wherein instructions are executed by the processor to cause the method as described in any possible implementation of the first aspect to be implemented.

[0036] Optionally, the communication device may further include a storage medium that stores the instructions executed by the processor.

[0037] In some implementations, the storage medium is integrated with the processor, for example, the storage medium is integrated into the processor.

[0038] In a sixth aspect, this application provides a communication device including a processor, wherein instructions are executed by the processor to cause the method as described in any possible implementation of the second aspect to be implemented.

[0039] Optionally, the communication device may further include a storage medium that stores the instructions executed by the processor.

[0040] In some implementations, the storage medium is integrated with the processor, for example, the storage medium is integrated into the processor.

[0041] In a seventh aspect, this application provides a chip including a processing circuit for running a program or instructions to implement the method as described in any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0042] Optionally, the chip may further include a memory for storing programs or instructions.

[0043] Optionally, the chip may also include the transceiver circuit, or an input / output interface.

[0044] Eighthly, this application provides a chip including processing circuitry for running programs or instructions to implement methods as described in any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0045] Optionally, the chip may further include a memory for storing programs or instructions.

[0046] Optionally, the chip may also include the transceiver circuit, or an input / output interface.

[0047] A ninth aspect provides a computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause a method as described in any possible implementation of the first aspect to be implemented.

[0048] In a tenth aspect, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium including instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the method as described in any possible implementation of the second aspect to be implemented.

[0049] In one aspect, this application provides a computer program product comprising computer program code or instructions that, when executed, cause the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect to be implemented.

[0050] In a twelfth aspect, this application provides a computer program product comprising computer program code or instructions that, when executed, cause the method in any possible implementation of the second aspect to be implemented.

[0051] In a thirteenth aspect, this application provides a communication system for performing the methods described in any possible implementation of the first aspect above and the methods described in any possible implementation of the second aspect above.

[0052] It is understandable that the technical effects in any of the second to thirteenth aspects can be referenced from the technical effects in the first aspect. Attached Figure Description

[0053] Figures 1 to 3 are schematic diagrams of the communication system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a wireless data and energy integrated communication method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 5 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of complex numerical modulation symbols in the complex plane according to an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the principle of IQ modulation according to an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the output signal and its envelope according to an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the maximum distribution range of complex numerical modulation symbols according to an embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of complex numerical modulation symbols in the complex plane according to an embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the output signal and its envelope according to an embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figures 12 to 14 are schematic flowcharts of the communication method according to embodiments of this application;

[0063] Figures 15 and 16 are schematic diagrams of the structure of the communication device according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0064] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " indicates that the objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in this application is merely a description of the relationship between the related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. A and B can be singular or plural.

[0065] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item or a plurality of items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0066] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used to distinguish identical or similar items with substantially the same function and effect. Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity or execution order, and the terms "first" and "second" are not necessarily different.

[0067] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the words "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design that is described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design options. Specifically, the use of the words "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner to facilitate understanding.

[0068] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the terms "information", "signal", "message", "channel", and "signaling" may sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that when their distinctions are not emphasized, their intended meanings are matched.

[0069] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the terms "of", "corresponding (relevant)" and "corresponding" may sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that, without emphasizing their distinction, their intended meanings are matched.

[0070] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the order of the process numbers does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0071] In the description of the embodiments of this application, "preset," "predefined," or "preconfigured" can be implemented by pre-saving corresponding codes, tables, or other means that can be used to indicate relevant information in a device (e.g., including terminals and network devices), or by pre-defining them in a protocol. This application does not limit the specific implementation method. "Saving" can refer to saving in one or more memories. The one or more memories can be separate settings or integrated into an encoder or decoder, processor, or communication device. The one or more memories can also be partially separate settings and partially integrated into a decoder, processor, or communication device. The type of memory can be any form of storage medium, and this application does not limit this.

[0072] In the description of the embodiments of this application, "protocol" may refer to standard protocols in the field of communications, such as 3GPP LTE protocols (such as technical specification (TS) 36, i.e., the TS36 series of technical specifications), NR protocols (such as the TS38 series of technical specifications), and related protocols applied to future communication systems. This application does not limit this.

[0073] It is understood that in this application, "...when" and "if" both refer to the corresponding processing that will be carried out under certain objective circumstances, and are not limited to a specific time, nor do they require a judgment action to be performed during implementation.

[0074] It is understood that some optional features in the embodiments of this application can be implemented independently in certain scenarios without relying on other features, such as the current solution on which they are based, to solve the corresponding technical problems and achieve the corresponding effects. Alternatively, they can be combined with other features as needed in certain scenarios. Correspondingly, the apparatus given in the embodiments of this application can also implement these features or functions, which will not be elaborated here.

[0075] In this application, unless otherwise specified, the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. In the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or there is a logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be mutually referenced. Technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships. The following descriptions of the embodiments of this application do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application.

[0076] In this application, entity A sends information to entity B, either directly or indirectly through other entities. Similarly, entity B receives information from entity A, either directly or indirectly through other entities. Entities A and B can be RAN nodes or terminals, or modules within RAN nodes or terminals. Information transmission and reception can be between RAN nodes and terminals, such as between a base station and a terminal; between two RAN nodes, such as between a CU and a DU; or between different modules within a single device, such as between a terminal chip and other modules of the terminal, or between a base station chip and other modules of the base station.

[0077] It is understood that the network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0078] The technical solutions of this application embodiment can be used in various communication systems, such as 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) communication systems, for example, Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, 5G communication systems, IoT systems, NTN systems, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) systems, or device-to-device (D2D) communication systems, machine-to-machine (M2M) communication systems, or other similar future-oriented systems, such as future communication systems. This application embodiment does not specifically limit these systems. Furthermore, the term "system" can be used interchangeably with "network."

[0079] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication system according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 1, the communication system includes a radio access network (RAN) 100 and a core network (CN) 200.

[0080] RAN 100 includes at least one network device (110a and 110b in Figure 1, collectively referred to as 110) and at least one terminal (120a to 120j in Figure 1, collectively referred to as 120). RAN 100 may also include other RAN nodes, such as wireless relay devices and / or wireless backhaul devices (not shown in Figure 1). Terminal 120 is wirelessly connected to network device 110. Network device 110 is connected to core network 200 wirelessly or via a wired connection.

[0081] The core network equipment in core network 200 and the network equipment 110 in RAN 100 can be different physical devices, or they can be the same physical device that integrates core network logical functions and radio access network logical functions.

[0082] RAN 100 can be a cellular system related to the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), such as 4th generation (4G) mobile communication systems like Long Term Evolution (LTE), 5th generation (5G) mobile communication systems like NR, and communication systems evolving beyond 5G, such as Future Mobile Communications (MWC). It can also be a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system, a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication system, a device-to-device (D2D) communication system, or a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication system. RAN 100 can also be an open radio access network (O-RAN or ORAN), a cloud radio access network (CRAN), or a WiFi system. RAN 100 can also be a communication system that integrates two or more of the above systems.

[0083] It is understood that Figure 1 only shows one possible communication system architecture that can be applied to the embodiments of this application. In other possible scenarios, the communication system architecture may also include other devices.

[0084] Network device 110 is a node in the RAN, also known as an access network device or RAN node (or device). Network device 110 is used to help terminals achieve wireless access. Multiple network devices 110 in the communication system 1000 can be nodes of the same type or nodes of different types.

[0085] In some scenarios, the roles of network device 110 and terminal 120 are relative. For example, network element 120i in Figure 1 can be a helicopter or drone, which can be configured as a mobile base station. For terminals 120j that access RAN 100 through network element 120i, network element 120i is a base station; but for base station 110a, network element 120i is a terminal. Network device 110 and terminal 120 are sometimes referred to as communication devices. For example, network elements 110a and 110b in Figure 1 can be understood as communication devices with base station functions, and network elements 120a to 120j can be understood as communication devices with terminal functions.

[0086] In one possible scenario, network equipment can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), a transmitting and receiving point (TRP), a transmitting point (TP), a next-generation NodeB (gNB), a base station in a future mobile communication system, a satellite, or an access point (AP) in a WiFi system, such as a home gateway, router, server, switch, or bridge. It can also be an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, or network equipment in a mobile switching center non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication system, meaning it can be deployed on high-altitude platforms or satellites. Network equipment can be a macro base station (as shown in Figure 1, 110a), a micro base station or indoor station (as shown in Figure 1, 110b), a relay node or donor node, or a wireless controller in a CRAN scenario. Network equipment can also function as a base station in device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, drone communication, and machine-to-machine (M2M) communication. Alternatively, network devices can also be servers, wearable devices, vehicles, or in-vehicle equipment. For example, the access network device in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology can be a roadside unit (RSU).

[0087] In some possible scenarios, multiple network devices collaborate to assist terminals in achieving wireless access, with each network device performing a portion of the base station's functions. For example, in this scenario, the network devices could be a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU), etc.

[0088] CU and DU can be configured separately or included in the same network element, such as in a baseband unit (BBU). RU can be included in radio frequency equipment or radio frequency units, such as in a remote radio unit (RRU), an active antenna unit (AAU), or a remote radio head (RRH).

[0089] It is understood that in the description of the following embodiments, the network device can be a CU node, a DU node, or a device including both CU nodes and DU nodes. Furthermore, a CU can be classified as a network device in the access network (RAN) or a network device in the core network (CN), and no limitation is imposed here.

[0090] In a scenario where multiple network devices assist a terminal in achieving wireless access, a schematic diagram of the communication system according to an embodiment of this application is shown in Figure 2. The communication system shown in Figure 2 includes a CN, CU, DU, RU, and a terminal. The CU, DU, and RU cooperate to assist the terminal in achieving wireless access.

[0091] In some implementations, CU and DU are included in BBU. In other implementations, CU, DU, and RU constitute RAN.

[0092] The CU performs some functions of layer 2 (L2) and layer 3 (L3), the DU performs some functions of layer 1 (L1) and layer 2, and the RU performs the calculations of layer 1 and the digital functions of the RF.

[0093] The midhaul interface carries traffic between the CU and DU, the backhaul interface carries traffic between the CU and CN, and the fronthaul interface carries traffic between the RU and DU. The integrated DU includes the functions of both the DU and RU mentioned above.

[0094] The CU and / or DU include processors and hardware accelerators. The processors may include x86 processors or non-x86 processors, and the hardware accelerators may include FPGAs, GPUs, or other accelerators.

[0095] Taking DU as an example, DU can be implemented using a multi-core processor and one or more hardware accelerators. Parts of the DU protocol stack can be implemented in software running on a multi-core processor, while computationally intensive L1 and L2 functions can be offloaded to FPGA- or GPU-based hardware accelerators; or all L1 functions can be offloaded to FPGA- or GPU-based hardware accelerators, while other protocol stack components are implemented in software running on the processor; or the entire protocol stack can be implemented in software running on the processor. The hardware accelerator supports interconnection with x86 or non-x86 processors. Similarly, the accelerator has a multi-channel PCIe interface pointing to the CPU and external connections via GbE.

[0096] An RU can include three parts: an O-RAN processing unit (OPU), an O-RU digital processing unit (DPU), and a radio frequency (RF) processing unit.

[0097] The OPU receives eCPRI frames from the O-RAN fronthaul and performs fronthaul interface, lowest-level L1 (encoding, scrambling, modulation, layer mapping, precoding), synchronization, beamforming, and resource unit mapping. The OPU can be a CPU, FPGA, or ASIC.

[0098] The DPU can perform synchronous, DDC (digital downconversion in UL), and DUC (digital upconversion in DL) operations, improving power amplifier efficiency by reducing PAPR / ACLR at the RF front end; the DPU can be an FPGA or an ASIC.

[0099] The RF processing unit may include a transceiver module, up / down converters, power amplifiers (PAs), low-noise amplifiers (LNAs), and Tx / Rx filters. All conversions between the analog and digital domains (DAC and ADC), such as RF sampling, frequency conversion using RF, IF, and LO mixing during up-conversion and down-conversion, are performed within the transceiver module. In some implementations, the physical and logical partitions within the RF processing unit do not require specific boundaries.

[0100] In some scenarios where the RAN is ORAN, a schematic diagram of the communication system structure of one embodiment of this application is shown in Figure 3. The communication system shown in Figure 3 may include a non-real-time RAN intelligent controller (Non-RT RIC), a near-real-time RAN intelligent controller (Near-RT RIC), an O-RAN central unit control plane (O-CU-CP), an O-RAN central unit user plane (O-CU-UP), an O-RAN distributed unit (O-DU), and an O-RAN radio unit (O-RU). Among them, O-CU-CP and O-CU-UP can be collectively referred to as the O-RAN central unit (O-CU).

[0101] The Near-RT RAN Intelligent Controller is used to implement non-real-time intelligent management of RAN functions, enabling AI / ML workflows including model training and model updates, and guiding applications / functions in the Near-RT RIC based on policies.

[0102] The near real-time RAN intelligent controller is used to realize near real-time intelligent management of the RAN. It can achieve near real-time control and optimization of O-RAN modules and resources through data collection and related operations on the E2 interface.

[0103] The O-RAN aggregation unit is used to implement the radio resource control (RRC) layer, the packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, the service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, and other control functions.

[0104] The O-RAN aggregation unit control plane is part of the O-CU and is used to implement the functions of the RRC layer and the control plane functions of the PDCP layer.

[0105] The O-RAN aggregation unit user plane is part of the O-CU and is used to implement the functions of the SDAP layer and the user plane functions of the PDCP layer.

[0106] Based on the low-layer function segmentation, the O-RAN distributed unit is used to implement the radio link control (RLC) layer, media access control (MAC) layer, and higher physical layer (Higher PHY). Among them, the higher physical layer functions include one or more of the following: forward error correction (FEC) encoding / decoding, scrambling / descrambling, or modulation / demodulation.

[0107] Based on the low-layer function segmentation, the O-RAN radio frequency unit is used to implement lower physical layer (Lower PHY) functions and radio frequency functions. These lower physical layer functions include one or more of the following: Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) / Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (iFFT) transformation, digital beamforming, or extraction and filtering of the physical random access channel (PRACH), etc.

[0108] The A1 interface serves as the interface between the Non-RT RIC and the Near-RT RIC, enabling intelligent and dynamic control of radio resources within the O-RAN. The Non-RT RIC provides policies, rich information, and ML model updates to the Near-RT RIC via the A1 interface, while the Near-RT RIC provides policy feedback to the Non-RT RIC via the A1 interface.

[0109] The E2 interface is an open interface between two endpoints used to connect the Near-RT RIC and the RAN node. RAN nodes include CU, DU, O-RAN compatible eNBs in 4G, O-CU (O-CU-CP and / or O-CU-UP), or O-DU, etc. The RIC can obtain data and feedback collected by the RAN node through the E2 node, and the RAN node can obtain control feedback from the Near-RT RIC through the E2 node.

[0110] The E1 interface is the interface between CU-CP and CU-UP.

[0111] The F1-C interface is the interface between the CU-CP and DU.

[0112] The F1-U interface is the interface between CU-UP and DU.

[0113] In the communication system shown in Figure 3, the network device can be a Non-RT RIC, Near-RT RIC, O-CU, O-CU-CP, O-CU-UP, OO-DU, O-RU, or a device that includes multiple of the following: Non-RT RIC, Near-RT RIC, O-CU, O-CU-CP, O-CU-UP, OO-DU, O-RU.

[0114] In this embodiment, the form of the network device is not limited. The device used to implement the function of the network device can be the network device itself, or it can be a device that supports the network device in implementing the function, such as a chip system. The device can be installed in the network device or used in conjunction with the network device.

[0115] The terminal device involved in the embodiments of this application can be referred to as a terminal, which can be a device with wireless transceiver capabilities. It can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on water (such as ships); and it can also be deployed in the air (e.g., on airplanes, balloons, and satellites). The terminal device can be user equipment (UE), where UE includes handheld devices, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, or computing devices with wireless communication capabilities. For example, the UE can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, or computer with wireless transceiver capabilities. The terminal device can also be a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in autonomous driving, a wireless terminal in telemedicine, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in a smart city, a wireless terminal in a smart home, and so on.

[0116] Terminal devices can also be devices that provide voice / data, such as handheld devices with wireless connectivity, in-vehicle devices, etc. Currently, examples of terminals include: mobile phones, tablets, laptops, PDAs, mobile internet devices (MIDs), wearable devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving vehicles, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, cellular phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDAs), handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, wearable devices, terminal devices in 5G networks, or future public land mobile communication networks. Terminal devices in a network (PLMN), devices in a Zigbee network, devices in a LoRa network, Bluetooth slaves, BLE slaves, Wi-Fi stations (STAs), etc.

[0117] In some scenarios, terminal devices can be part of an IoT system, or simply IoT nodes or devices. IoT is a crucial component of future information technology development. Its main technical characteristic is connecting objects to networks via communication technologies, thereby achieving intelligent networks that enable human-machine and machine-to-machine interconnection. Connectivity can be achieved through broadband or narrowband technologies. IoT technology, for example, can utilize narrowband (NB) technology to achieve massive connectivity, deep coverage, and low terminal power consumption. Other IoT technologies include reflective communication, spread spectrum, and ultra-wideband (UWB), which will not be elaborated upon further.

[0118] In some scenarios, IoT terminals can be IoT terminals of the electronic tag or sensor type.

[0119] Electronic tags, also known as radio frequency identification (RFID) tags, RFID tags, or transponders, can consist of coupling elements, chips, and communication modules. Each electronic tag has a unique identifier (ID) or electronic code, which is attached to or integrated into an object to identify the target object. It can exchange and communicate information through information transmission media to achieve intelligent identification, positioning, tracking, or monitoring of objects. In this application, the electronic tag can be simply referred to as a tag.

[0120] Electronic tags can be widely used in various fields, such as logistics and warehousing. By identifying the electronic tags corresponding to items, items can be quickly identified, and the information of the identified items can be managed. Therefore, in logistics and warehousing, the identification of electronic tags can be referred to as inventory counting.

[0121] For example, passive or semi-passive electronic tags can be embedded or affixed to goods and stored in warehouses or shopping malls. During the logistics process, the information of the electronic tags is automatically collected by the reader, and the managers can query the relevant information of the goods in the inventory system, reducing the risk of goods being lost or stolen, and improving the speed of goods handover. Compared with manual inventory, it can effectively improve the accuracy and efficiency of inventory, and prevent cross-selling and counterfeiting.

[0122] Electronic tags can also be applied to asset management or industrial manufacturing. For example, the management of large assets or valuable items in libraries, art galleries and museums requires complete management procedures or rigorous protection measures. When there are abnormal changes in the storage information of books or valuable items, a preset reminder mechanism can be used to alert the management personnel and thus handle the relevant situation.

[0123] As examples, sensor-type IoT terminals include temperature sensors, humidity sensors, light sensors, motion sensors, and so on. These sensors detect various parameters in the environment and transmit the data to IoT platforms or other devices for analysis and application. For instance, temperature sensors are widely used in smart homes, industrial control, and weather monitoring, accurately measuring ambient temperature and transmitting the data to IoT platforms for remote monitoring and control.

[0124] In this application embodiment, the device for implementing the terminal's functions can be a terminal itself; it can also be a device capable of supporting the terminal in implementing those functions, such as a chip system, which can be installed in the terminal. In this application embodiment, the chip system can be composed of chips, or it can include chips and other discrete devices. In the technical solutions provided in this application embodiment, the device for implementing the terminal's functions is a terminal, and the terminal is a UE (User Equipment) as an example, to describe the technical solutions provided in this application embodiment.

[0125] In this embodiment of the application, the core network, exemplarily, includes network elements such as mobility management network elements, session management network elements, user plane network elements, authentication service function network elements, and label management function network elements, without limitation. The mobility management network element can be an access and mobility management function (AMF). The session management network element can be a session management function (SMF). The user plane network element can be a user plane function (UPF). The authentication service function network element can be an authentication server function (AUSF).

[0126] In some applications, communication devices can collect energy from radio frequency signals used for communication in the environment and convert it into electrical energy; this process can be called integrated wireless data-energy communication. It is understood that the communication devices here include network devices and / or terminals.

[0127] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a wireless data-energy integrated communication method according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 4, the communication device, acting as the transmitting end, transmits a radio frequency signal (or electromagnetic wave), which carries information. In this embodiment, the radio frequency signal carrying information is called a communication signal.

[0128] The communication signal sent by the transmitting end is converted into an AC signal by the antenna of the communication device acting as the receiving end and enters the rectifier. The rectifier rectifies and filters the AC signal into a DC signal, which is then sent to the power management module. Finally, the power management module delivers the DC signal to the battery to achieve energy storage.

[0129] However, the aforementioned wireless data-energy integrated communication method suffers from the technical problem of low wireless charging efficiency, meaning that the energy stored at the receiver is relatively low compared to the energy stored in the radio frequency signal transmitted by the transmitter. To address this issue, this application provides a new technical solution to improve wireless charging efficiency.

[0130] Figure 5 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of this application. This communication method includes steps S510 and S520. This communication method is executed by a communication device. For ease of description, the communication device executing the communication method shown in Figure 5 will be referred to as a first communication device in this embodiment of the application.

[0131] The first communication device may be a communication equipment, or it may be one or more of the following: a module, device, chip, or circuit configured for use in or in conjunction with a communication equipment.

[0132] For ease of description, in the embodiments of this application, the communication device corresponding to the first communication device may be referred to as the first communication device. In some implementations, the first communication device is a network device, such as a base station; or, the first communication device may be a terminal.

[0133] S510, acquire bit stream.

[0134] In this embodiment, the bit stream includes one or more bits.

[0135] S520, the bitstream is mapped into multiple complex-valued modulation symbols according to the mapping relationship, wherein every N bits are mapped to one complex-valued modulation symbol, where N is a positive integer. The mapping relationship includes the mapping relationship between M binary values ​​within the range of N bits and M complex-valued modulation symbols, where the central angle between any two complex-valued modulation symbols is less than π, M is a positive integer, and M is less than or equal to 2. N Since π corresponds to 180 degrees, the statement that a central angle less than π can be replaced with a central angle less than 180 degrees.

[0136] In this embodiment, N can be referred to as the modulation order.

[0137] For example, if the length of the bitstream is P, or in other words, the bitstream contains P bits, then the bitstream can be mapped to... A complex-valued modulation symbol, where P is a positive integer. This indicates rounding up. As an example, if P is not an integer multiple of N, bits can be padded to the bitstream (e.g., 0s) to make P an integer multiple of N.

[0138] For example, when the length P of the bitstream is 1024 and the modulation order N is 2, the bitstream is mapped to 512 complex-valued modulation symbols.

[0139] N bits have 2 N In this embodiment, these 2 binary values ​​are... NA binary value is denoted as a range of N bits. For example, 2 bits can have four binary values: "00", "01", "10", and "11". These four binary values ​​are denoted as a range of 2 bits.

[0140] In this embodiment, N bits mapped to a complex-valued modulation symbol are called a modulation unit. Alternatively, a modulation unit is mapped to a complex-valued modulation symbol, and a modulation unit contains N bits. Here, N is called the length of the modulation unit.

[0141] In this embodiment, two modulation units with the same length but different binary values ​​are called different modulation units. For example, if a modulation unit with a length of 2 has a binary value of "00" and another modulation unit with a length of 2 has a binary value of "10", then these two modulation units are considered to be two different modulation units.

[0142] In this embodiment, the mapping relationship between modulation units and complex-valued modulation symbols allows for the mapping of complex-valued modulation symbols to M types of modulation units. Different modulation units among these M types are mapped to unequal complex-valued modulation symbols. In other words, this mapping relationship can map complex-valued modulation symbols to M types of modulation units, resulting in M ​​unequal complex-valued modulation symbols. These M complex-valued modulation symbols correspond one-to-one with the M types of modulation units, and each complex-valued modulation symbol is obtained by mapping from its corresponding modulation unit. Here, M is less than or equal to 2. N A positive integer. For example, M equals 2. N .

[0143] For example, there are four types of modulation units with a length of 2: “00”, “01”, “10” and “11”. “00” is mapped to 1+j, “01” is mapped to 1-j, “10” is mapped to -1+j, and “11” is mapped to -1-j.

[0144] In this embodiment, the process of mapping the modulation unit to complex numerical modulation symbols can be called symbol modulation.

[0145] In some implementations, symbol modulation includes phase shift keying (PSK) modulation or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) modulation.

[0146] In some implementations, PSK modulation includes binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation, quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation, or 8PSK, etc.

[0147] In some implementations, QAM modulation includes xQAM modulation, where x is a positive integer. For example, x is 2 raised to the power of N, where N is a positive integer. For instance, N = 4, x = 16, resulting in 16QAM modulation; N = 6, x = 64, resulting in 64QAM; N = 8, x = 256, resulting in 256QAM; and N = 10, x = 1024, resulting in 1024QAM.

[0148] In some implementations, the complex numerical symbol obtained by IQ modulation of every N bits in the bitstream can be represented as: d(i) = f1[b(i),b(i+1),…,b(i+N-1)] + j*f2[b(i),b(i+1),…,b(i+N-1)] or d(i) = f1[b(i),b(i+1),…,b(i+N-1)-j*f2[b(i),b(i+1),…,b(i+N-1)]. This expression can also be referred to as the mapping relationship between the bitstream and the complex numerical symbol.

[0149] In the above expression, as an example, the index in the bit stream starts from 0; N is a positive integer representing the modulation order; i is a non-negative integer, with a minimum value of 0 and a maximum value of the integer obtained by dividing the length of the bit stream by N and rounding it up; d(i) represents the N bits of modulation symbols with indices i to i+N-1 in the bit stream; b(i) represents the bit with index i in the bit stream, and so on, with b(i+N-1) representing the bit with index i+N-1 in the bit stream; f1[b(i),b(i+1),…,b(i+N-1)] represents the first value obtained by calculating one or more of b(i), b(i+1),…,b(i+N-1); f2[b(i),b(i+1),…,b(i+N-1)] represents the second value obtained by calculating one or more of b(i), b(i+1),…,b(i+N-1); the calculation formulas for f2 and f1 can be the same or different. b(i), b(i+1), ..., b(i+N-1) are a modulation unit.

[0150] In the above expression for complex numerical modulation symbols, the value calculated by f1[b(i),b(i+1),…,b(i+N-1)] can be denoted as a, and the value calculated by f2[b(i),b(i+1),…,b(i+N-1)] can be denoted as b. Accordingly, the complex numerical symbol can be represented as d(i)=a+bj.

[0151] In this embodiment, the coordinates of the complex-valued modulation symbol in the complex plane are (a, b). Here, a represents the coordinate of the complex-valued modulation symbol on the I-axis in the complex plane, and b represents the coordinate of the complex-valued modulation symbol on the Q-axis in the complex plane. It can be understood that the I-axis can be called the real axis, and a can be called the abscissa; the Q-axis can be called the imaginary axis, and b can be called the ordinate. There is one and only one real point on the Q-axis, which is the origin, denoted as O.

[0152] In this embodiment, each of the M complex-valued modulation symbols can be represented as a point in the complex plane. This point is called the point corresponding to the complex-valued modulation symbol or the corresponding constellation point. The line connecting this point to the origin is called the line segment corresponding to that complex-valued modulation symbol. The angle less than π between the two line segments corresponding to two complex-valued modulation symbols is called the central angle corresponding to these two complex-valued modulation symbols. In this embodiment, the central angle corresponding to two complex-valued modulation symbols can be called the central angle corresponding to the two modulation units mapped to these two complex-valued modulation symbols.

[0153] For example, one complex-valued modulation symbol is a1+b1*j, and the other is a2+b2*j. As shown in Figure 6(a), a1+b1*j corresponds to point E in the complex plane, and a2+b2*j corresponds to point B in the complex plane. The line connecting point E and the origin O is EO, and the line connecting point B and the origin O is BO. The angle between EO and BO, which is less than π, is the central angle corresponding to the complex-valued modulation symbols a1+b1*j and a2+b2*j.

[0154] In this embodiment, the central angle between any two complex-valued modulation symbols in the M complex-valued modulation symbols is less than π. This can be understood as: the central angle between any two complex-valued modulation symbols in the M complex-valued modulation symbols is less than π.

[0155] It is understandable that if the central angles corresponding to any two complex-valued modulation symbols among the M complex-valued modulation symbols are all less than π, then the largest central angle corresponding to these M complex-valued modulation symbols is usually less than π. Therefore, in this embodiment, the fact that the central angles corresponding to any two complex-valued modulation symbols among the M complex-valued modulation symbols are all less than π can be equivalent to: the largest central angle corresponding to these M complex-valued modulation symbols is less than π.

[0156] For example, if the central angle between the first and second complex-valued modulation symbols in these M complex-valued modulation symbols is greater than the central angle between any two other complex-valued modulation symbols in these M complex-valued modulation symbols, then the central angle between the first and second complex-valued modulation symbols is the largest central angle between these M complex-valued modulation symbols.

[0157] For example, suppose there are 4 complex-valued modulation symbols, as shown in Figure 6(b). The points corresponding to these 4 complex-valued modulation symbols in the complex plane are denoted as E, B, C and D, respectively, where ∠EOD is the maximum central angle corresponding to these 4 complex-valued modulation symbols.

[0158] In some implementations, after the communication device maps the bit stream to obtain complex-valued modulation symbols, it performs carrier modulation on the complex-valued modulation symbols, and the resulting time-domain signal is called the output signal.

[0159] In some implementations, the carrier modulation is in-phase (I) quadrature (Q) modulation, and correspondingly, the demodulation at the receiver includes IQ demodulation. Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the principle of IQ modulation according to an embodiment of this application.

[0160] As shown in Figure 7, the I-channel signal is multiplied by cosωt, and the Q-channel signal is multiplied by sinωt. Here, the I-channel signal is the real part denoted as 'a' in the complex-valued modulation symbol, and the Q-channel signal is the imaginary part denoted as 'b' in the complex-valued modulation symbol. ω represents the frequency of the carrier signal. The two results are then superimposed. In some implementations, the result of multiplying the Q-channel signal by sinωt is multiplied by -1 during superposition. The resulting output signal is denoted as s(t) = I cosωt - Q sinωt. The output signal s(t) is transmitted to the receiving end through the channel.

[0161] It can be understood that the signals I, Q, cosωt, sinωt, and s(t) that appear in the process shown in Figure 7 are all real signals, but some of them are represented as complex numbers in the implementation process.

[0162] In some implementations, Where A represents the amplitude of the output signal s(t), This represents the phase (or initial phase) of the output signal s(t).

[0163] In some implementations, the phase of the output signal s(t) is called the phase corresponding to the complex-valued modulation symbol that modulates the output signal s(t), or the phase corresponding to the modulation unit that maps the complex-valued modulation symbol.

[0164] Table 1 shows an example of the mapping relationship between modulation units and phases in one embodiment of this application. As shown in Table 1, N=2, and the modulation units are "00", "01", "11" and "10" respectively; the I signals and Q signals of these four modulation units are respectively and The phases corresponding to these four modulation units are "π / 4", "7π / 4 (or -π / 4)", "5π / 4 (or -3π / 4)" and "3π / 4", respectively.

[0165] Table 1

[0166] Assuming the bit stream includes "00011110", when the modulation order is from left to right, the phase of the output signal s(t) is "π / 4", "7π / 4", "5π / 4" and "3π / 4" respectively. The output signal s(t) and its envelope are shown in Figure 8.

[0167] In Figure 8, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents amplitude. The upper curve represents the envelope of the output signal s(t), and the lower curve represents the output signal s(t). Figure 8 also marks the time domain range of the output signal s(t) corresponding to "00", "01", "11", and "10".

[0168] In some implementations, the envelope in this application refers to the amplitude envelope of the analytic signal obtained by performing a Hilbert transform on the output signal. The wireless charging efficiency of the receiver is related to the envelope of the communication signal transmitted by the transmitter. Generally speaking, the higher the smoothness of the signal envelope, the higher the wireless charging efficiency of the receiver; the lower the smoothness of the signal envelope, the lower the wireless charging efficiency of the receiver.

[0169] In some implementations, the smoothness of the envelope is characterized by the degree of fluctuation in the envelope. Specifically, the greater the fluctuation in the envelope, the lower the smoothness of the envelope; the smaller the fluctuation in the envelope, the higher the smoothness of the envelope.

[0170] The degree of fluctuation of the envelope can be characterized by the variance between multiple amplitudes in the envelope, the deviation between these multiple amplitudes, and the absolute value of the difference between the largest and smallest amplitudes among these multiple amplitudes.

[0171] As shown in Figure 8, the first phase interval between the phase "π / 4" corresponding to "00" and the phase "7π / 4" corresponding to "01" is relatively large. Therefore, around the connection point between the time domain signals corresponding to "00" and "01", the envelope will fluctuate significantly, reducing the smoothness of the power envelope. Similarly, the first phase interval between the phase "7π / 4" corresponding to "01" and the phase "5π / 4" corresponding to "11" is relatively large. Therefore, around the connection point between the time domain signals corresponding to "01" and "11", the envelope will fluctuate significantly, reducing the smoothness of the envelope. The first phase interval between the phase "5π / 4" corresponding to "11" and the phase "3π / 4" corresponding to "10" is relatively large. Therefore, around the connection point between the time domain signals corresponding to "11" and "10", the envelope will fluctuate significantly, reducing the smoothness of the envelope.

[0172] It is understood that in this embodiment, there are two intervals between the two phases. If these two phases are respectively denoted as the first phase and the second phase, then one interval is the interval from the first phase to the second phase, and the other interval is the interval from the second phase to the first phase. The interval less than or equal to π is called the first interval between the two phases.

[0173] One phase is π / 4, the other phase is -π / 4, the interval from π / 4 to -π / 4 is 3π / 2, the interval from -π / 4 to π / 4 is π / 2, and the first interval between π / 4 and -π / 4 is π / 2.

[0174] As illustrated in Figure 8, the smoothness of the envelope is related to the first interval between the two phases corresponding to two adjacent modulation units. The larger the first interval, the greater the difference between the waveforms of the two carrier signals corresponding to these two modulation units, and therefore the lower the smoothness of the envelope around the junction of the two output signals corresponding to these two modulation units. Conversely, the smaller the interval, the smaller the difference between the waveforms of the two carrier signals corresponding to these two modulation units, and therefore the higher the smoothness of the envelope around the junction of the two output signals corresponding to these two modulation units.

[0175] In scenarios where wireless data and power are integrated, i.e., radio frequency signals are used for both communication and power charging, the data transmitted in communication has randomness, i.e., the modulation unit in the bit stream has randomness. This randomness means that the phase of the next output signal in the timing sequence may be any phase within the phase value range, i.e., it may be a phase with a large interval from the first phase of the previous output signal, thereby reducing the smoothness of the envelope and thus reducing the wireless power charging efficiency.

[0176] For the sake of simplicity, in this embodiment, the first interval between the two phases corresponding to the two modulation units is referred to as the first interval between the two modulation units.

[0177] It can be understood that the first interval between two modulation units is related to the central angles of the two modulation units. Specifically, the larger the central angles of the two modulation units, the larger the first interval between them; the smaller the central angles, the smaller the first interval between them.

[0178] As can be seen from the above analysis, the smaller the central angle corresponding to the two modulation units, the smoother the envelope around the connection point of the two output signals corresponding to these two modulation units, and the higher the wireless charging efficiency; the larger the central angle corresponding to the two modulation units, the lower the smoothness of the envelope around the connection point of the two output signals corresponding to these two modulation units, and the lower the wireless charging efficiency.

[0179] In this embodiment, the maximum central angle corresponding to the M complex-valued modulation symbols is less than π. Therefore, the central angles corresponding to any two complex-valued modulation symbols set within an angle range less than π will be relatively small. This helps to reduce the difference between the waveforms of the two carrier signals corresponding to any two complex-valued symbols, that is, it helps to improve the similarity between the waveforms of the two carrier signals corresponding to any two complex-valued symbols.

[0180] If the similarity between the waveforms of the two carrier signals corresponding to any two complex numerical symbols is improved, then even if the randomness of the bits in the bit stream causes the multiple carrier signals corresponding to the multiple complex numerical modulation symbols obtained by bit stream modulation to be random, the difference between the multiple carrier signals corresponding to the bit stream can be reduced, that is, the similarity between the multiple carrier signals corresponding to the bit stream can be improved.

[0181] Because the higher the similarity of the multiple carrier signals corresponding to the bit stream, the smoother the envelope of the radio frequency signal formed when these multiple carrier signals are sent sequentially in time, the higher the wireless charging efficiency of the radio frequency signal at the receiving end. Therefore, this communication method helps to improve the wireless charging efficiency of the communication device as the receiving end.

[0182] In this embodiment, when the maximum central angle corresponding to the M complex-valued modulation symbols is fixed, the larger the first interval between adjacent phases among the M phases corresponding to these M complex-valued modulation symbols, the better the communication performance can be.

[0183] In some implementations of this embodiment, a first scaling factor is defined. The first scaling factor is used to determine the first interval between two adjacent phases in the M phases corresponding to the M complex-valued modulation symbols, or to determine the first interval between any two phases in the M phases corresponding to the M complex-valued modulation symbols.

[0184] In some implementations, the mapping relationship between the modulation unit and the complex-valued modulation symbol, or the complex-valued modulation symbol, is related to a first scaling factor. For example, the mapping relationship includes the first scaling factor, or in other words, the complex-valued modulation symbol is determined by the first scaling factor.

[0185] In some implementations, any two phases here do not simultaneously include a first phase and a second phase.

[0186] In this embodiment, the first scaling factor can be referred to as the factor used to determine the interval between complex-valued modulation symbols.

[0187] In this embodiment, the larger the first scaling factor, the larger the first interval between two adjacent phases, and the lower the wireless charging efficiency may be; the smaller the first scaling factor, the smaller the first interval between two adjacent phases, and the better the wireless charging efficiency may be.

[0188] From another perspective, the higher the wireless charging efficiency requirement, the smaller the first interval between two adjacent phases, i.e., the smaller the first scaling factor; the lower the wireless charging efficiency requirement, the larger the first interval between two adjacent phases, i.e., the larger the first scaling factor.

[0189] In this embodiment, the larger the first scaling factor, the larger the first interval between two adjacent phases, and the better the communication performance may be; the smaller the first scaling factor, the smaller the first interval between two adjacent phases, and the worse the communication performance may be.

[0190] From another perspective, the higher the communication performance requirements, the larger the first interval between two adjacent phases, i.e., the larger the first scaling factor; the lower the communication performance requirements, the smaller the first interval between two adjacent phases, i.e., the smaller the first scaling factor.

[0191] In some implementations of this embodiment, a second scaling factor is defined to determine the maximum value of the maximum central angle corresponding to the M complex-valued modulation symbols. It can be understood that the actual value of the maximum central angle corresponding to the M complex-valued modulation symbols can be less than or equal to this maximum value.

[0192] Since a central angle of a certain value corresponds to an arc on a circle, the maximum value of the largest central angle corresponding to the M complex-valued modulation symbols determines the maximum distribution range of the M phases corresponding to the M complex-valued modulation symbols on the same circle. This maximum distribution range is the arc corresponding to the largest central angle of the largest value. Specifically, the distribution range of the M phases corresponding to these complex-valued modulation symbols on the same circle is within or equal to this maximum distribution range.

[0193] In this embodiment, the second scaling factor can be understood as: used to determine a first range on the circle, where the distribution range of the M points corresponding to the M complex-valued modulation symbols on the complex plane lies within the first range. Here, the first range is an arc segment on the same circle.

[0194] Alternatively, in this embodiment, the second scaling factor can be understood as: used to determine a first range on the circle, where the distribution range of the M phases corresponding to the M complex-valued modulation symbols lies within the first range. Here, the first range is a phase range on the same circle.

[0195] As shown in Figure 9(a), the phase range indicated by the second scaling factor is -π / 2 to π / 2. The distribution range of the M phases corresponding to the M complex-valued modulation symbols lies between -π / 2 and π / 2; in other words, the M points corresponding to the M complex-valued modulation symbols lie on the semicircle in the figure. Optionally, this range may not include -π / 2 or π / 2.

[0196] As shown in Figure 9(b), the phase range indicated by the second scaling factor is -π / 4 to -π / 4. The distribution range of the M phases corresponding to the M complex-valued modulation symbols is located between -π / 4 and -π / 4. In other words, the M points corresponding to the M complex-valued modulation symbols are located on the arc in the figure.

[0197] In some implementations, the mapping between the modulation unit and the complex-valued modulation symbol, or the complex-valued modulation symbol, is related to a second scaling factor. For example, the mapping includes a second scaling factor, or the complex-valued modulation symbol is determined by a second scaling factor.

[0198] In this embodiment, the larger the second scaling factor, the larger the distribution range of the M points may be, the larger the first interval between any two phases may be, and the lower the wireless charging efficiency may be; the smaller the second scaling factor, the smaller the distribution range of the M points may be, the smaller the first interval between any two phases may be, and the better the wireless charging efficiency may be.

[0199] From another perspective, the higher the wireless charging efficiency requirement, the smaller the first interval between any two phases needs to be, and the smaller the distribution range of the M points needs to be, i.e., the smaller the first scaling factor; the lower the wireless charging efficiency requirement, the larger the first interval between any two phases can be, and the larger the distribution range of the M points can be, i.e., the larger the second scaling factor.

[0200] In this embodiment, the larger the second scaling factor, the larger the first interval between any two phases may be, and the better the communication performance may be; the smaller the second scaling factor, the smaller the first interval between any two phases may be, and the worse the communication performance may be.

[0201] From another perspective, the higher the communication performance requirements, the larger the first interval between any two phases needs to be, and the larger the distribution range of the M points needs to be, i.e., the larger the second scaling factor needs to be; the lower the communication performance requirements, the smaller the first interval between any two phases can be, and the smaller the distribution range of the M points can be, i.e., the smaller the second scaling factor can be.

[0202] In some implementations, scaling factors with different values ​​can be set, and the complex-valued modulation symbols corresponding to these values ​​can be determined. The first performance, including wireless charging efficiency and / or communication performance, is simulated or actually measured when the modulation unit is mapped to these complex-valued modulation symbols. The mapping relationship between these values ​​and the first performance is recorded. The scaling factors include a second scaling factor and different first scaling factors. Thus, in a practical wireless data-power integration scenario, the scaling factor can be determined based on the required first performance, thereby determining the mapping relationship from the modulation unit to the complex-valued modulation symbol, and subsequently determining the complex-valued modulation symbol mapped by the modulation unit; or, the complex-valued modulation symbol mapped by the modulation unit can be directly determined based on the scaling factor.

[0203] It can be understood that the mapping relationship between the scaling factor and the first performance can be a mapping relationship between the value of the former and the value of the latter, or a mapping relationship between the value of the former and the range of the value of the latter, or a mapping relationship between the range of the value of the former and the value of the latter, or a mapping relationship between the range of the value of the former and the range of the value of the latter.

[0204] In some implementations, communication performance is characterized by bit error rate and / or channel state.

[0205] In some implementations of this embodiment, the mapping relationship between the modulation unit and the complex-valued modulation symbol or the complex-valued modulation symbol is related to the first parameter. The first parameter is used to determine the radius of the circle corresponding to the M complex-valued modulation symbols, or in other words, the first parameter is used to determine the length of the line segment corresponding to the complex-valued modulation symbol on the complex plane.

[0206] In some implementations of this embodiment, M complex-valued modulation symbols correspond to multiple circles, and one or more of the M points corresponding to the M complex-valued modulation symbols are distributed on each circle.

[0207] When M complex-valued modulation symbols correspond to multiple circles, the first parameter has multiple values, each value corresponds to a circle, and each value is the radius of the corresponding circle.

[0208] In some implementations, when M complex-valued modulation symbols correspond to multiple circles, the first scaling factor has multiple values, with each circle corresponding to one value. The complex-valued modulation symbols corresponding to one or more points distributed on the same circle are related to the value of the first scaling factor corresponding to that circle.

[0209] In some implementations, when M complex-valued modulation symbols correspond to multiple circles, the second scaling factor has multiple values, with each circle corresponding to one value. The complex-valued modulation symbols corresponding to one or more points distributed on the same circle are related to the value of the second scaling factor corresponding to that circle.

[0210] In some implementations, K out of M complex-valued modulation symbols have the same modulus. The exponential expression for these K complex-valued modulation symbols includes: r*e±j(αm+1)δ / (K-1), where m is an integer ranging from 0 to K / 2-1, δ represents the second scaling factor (greater than 0 and less than π), α represents the first scaling factor (positive), r represents the modulus (greater than 0), and K is a positive even number less than or equal to M. It can be understood that the number of complex-valued modulation symbols distributed on a circle of radius r is equal to K, and the radius of the circle corresponding to the K complex-valued modulation symbols is equal to r.

[0211] It is understood that this expression is merely an example, and any variation of this expression should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

[0212] In this implementation, the K phases corresponding to the K complex-valued modulation symbols are symmetrically distributed in the polar coordinate system.

[0213] In some implementations, the value of δ is less than π / 2 and greater than 0.

[0214] In some implementations, This avoids the constellation points corresponding to complex-valued modulation symbols falling at positions with a phase of -π or π, thus preventing multiple complex-valued modulation symbols from appearing at the same position on the same circle, thereby improving communication performance.

[0215] In some implementations, when the modulation order N is 2, examples of the mapping relationship between the modulation unit and the complex-valued modulation symbol, the mapping relationship between the complex-valued modulation symbol and the phase of the output signal, or the mapping relationship between the modulation unit and the phase of the output signal are shown in Table 2.

[0216] Table 2

[0217] In some implementations, when the modulation order N is 2, examples of the mapping relationship between the modulation unit and the complex-valued modulation symbol include: cos((b(2i)+1)π / 6)+j*(-1) b(2i+1)* sin((b(2i)+1)π / 6).

[0218] In some implementations, when the modulation order N is 2, an example of the complex-valued modulation symbols in the complex plane is shown in Figure 10(a), where the four phases corresponding to these four complex-valued modulation symbols are π / 6, -π / 6, -π / 3 and π / 3, respectively.

[0219] Assuming the bitstream includes "00011110", when the modulation order is from left to right, the phases of the output signal s(t) are "π / 6", "-π / 6", "-π / 3", and "π / 3" respectively. The output signal s(t) and its envelope are shown in Figure 11. In Figure 11, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents amplitude.

[0220] As shown in Figure 11, the envelope of the output signal corresponding to the bit stream is smoother according to the complex-valued modulation symbols defined in this application, thereby improving the wireless charging efficiency.

[0221] In some examples of this embodiment, when the M complex-valued modulation symbols correspond to two circles, these M complex-valued modulation symbols correspond to two mapping relationships. One example of a mapping relationship is r1*e±j(α1*m+1)*δ1 / (K1-1), and another example of a mapping relationship is r2*e±j(α2*m+1)*δ2 / (K2-1), where K1 and K2 are positive integers, and the sum of K1 and K2 equals M. The constraints of r1 and r2 refer to the constraints of r mentioned above, the constraints of α1 and α2 refer to the constraints of α mentioned above, and the constraints of δ1 and δ2 refer to the constraints of δ mentioned above.

[0222] α1 and α2 can be the same or different; δ1 and δ2 can be the same or different; K1 and K2 can be the same or different.

[0223] For example, when performing high-order modulation on a bitstream, these M complex-valued modulation symbols correspond to multiple modulus values. Or, in other words, the M constellation points corresponding to these M complex-valued modulation symbols are distributed on multiple circles.

[0224] For example, in xQAM modulation, when x is greater than or equal to 16, these M complex-valued modulation symbols contain complex-valued modulation symbols with multiple modulus values.

[0225] For example, in 16QAM modulation, the 16 complex-valued modulation symbols contain complex-valued modulation symbols with 3 moduli. Or, in other words, the 16 constellation points corresponding to these 16 complex-valued modulation symbols are distributed on 3 circles.

[0226] In some implementations, two of the M complex-valued modulation symbols correspond to a central angle equal to π, and correspondingly, the value of δ can be equal to π / 2.

[0227] When two of the M complex-valued modulation symbols correspond to a central angle equal to π, and the modulation order N is 2, examples of the mapping relationships between the modulation unit and the complex-valued modulation symbols, the mapping relationship between the complex-valued modulation symbols and the phase of the output signal, or the mapping relationship between the modulation unit and the phase of the output signal are shown in Table 3.

[0228] Table 3

[0229] In some implementations, when the modulation order N is 2, an example of the complex-valued modulation symbols in the complex plane is shown in Figure 10(b), where the four phases corresponding to these four complex-valued modulation symbols are π / 6, -π / 6, -π / 2 and π / 2, respectively.

[0230] Figure 12 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of this application. This communication method includes steps S1210 and S1220. This communication method is executed by a communication device. For ease of description, in this embodiment, the communication device executing the communication method shown in Figure 12 is referred to as a second communication device.

[0231] The second communication device may be a communication device, or it may be one or more of the following: a module, device, chip, or circuit configured for use in or in conjunction with a communication device.

[0232] For ease of description, in the embodiments of this application, the communication device corresponding to the second communication device may be referred to as the second communication device. In some implementations, the second communication device is a network device, such as a base station; or, the second communication device may be a terminal.

[0233] S1210, acquires multiple complex-valued modulation symbols.

[0234] S1220, the plurality of complex-valued modulation symbols are mapped to a bit stream according to the mapping relationship, wherein one complex-valued modulation symbol is mapped to N bits, where N is a positive integer. The mapping relationship includes: the mapping relationship between M binary values ​​within the binary value range of N bits and M complex-valued modulation symbols, where the central angle between any two complex-valued modulation symbols is less than π, M is a positive integer, and M is less than or equal to 2. N .

[0235] The relevant content in this embodiment can be referred to the content in the embodiment shown in Figure 5, and will not be repeated here. For example, the bit stream, complex numerical modulation symbols, mapping relationships, etc. in this embodiment can be referred to the relevant content in the embodiment shown in Figure 5.

[0236] In some implementations, the first communication device is a network device, and the second communication device is a terminal.

[0237] In some implementations, the first communication device is a terminal, and the second communication device is a network device.

[0238] In some implementations, S520 can correspond to the symbol mapping in FIG13, the carrier mapping in the embodiment shown in FIG5 corresponds to the subcarrier mapping in FIG13, and S1220 can be included in the demodulation operation in FIG13.

[0239] As shown in Figure 13, S510 may include serial-to-parallel conversion operations, or more operations, or other operations, such as code block partitioning, encoding, interleaving, etc.

[0240] As shown in Figure 13, the embodiment shown in Figure 5 also includes at least one operation among inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT), parallel-to-serial conversion, digital-to-analog conversion (DAC), and power amplification, or more operations, to realize the transmission of communication signals.

[0241] Among them, serial-to-parallel conversion can be understood as dividing a bitstream into multiple sub-bitstreams so that these sub-bitstreams can be processed in parallel; IFFT can be understood as converting a carrier signal from a frequency domain signal to a time domain signal; parallel-to-serial conversion can be understood as converting multiple time domain signals corresponding to multiple sub-bitstreams into a single time domain signal; DAC can be understood as converting a digital signal in the time domain into an analog voltage signal; and power amplification can be understood as increasing the power of an analog voltage signal.

[0242] As shown in Figure 13, S1210 may include at least one of the following operations: down-conversion processing, serial-to-parallel conversion, fast Fourier transform (FFT), and parallel-to-serial conversion, or it may include more operations, or other operations, such as decoding, deinterleaving, or code block combination operations.

[0243] As shown in Figure 13, the embodiment shown in Figure 12 may also include serial-to-parallel conversion operations, or may include more operations, or other operations.

[0244] Down-conversion can be understood as reducing the carrier frequency of the signal or directly removing the carrier frequency to obtain the modulated signal; serial-to-parallel conversion can be understood as converting the modulated signal into multiple time-domain signals; FFT can be understood as mapping these multiple time-domain signals into multiple corresponding frequency-domain signals; demodulation can be understood as demodulating these multiple frequency-domain signals to obtain multiple corresponding bit streams; parallel-to-serial conversion can be understood as combining these multiple bit streams into a single bit stream to achieve the reception of communication signals. Demodulation can include obtaining complex numerical symbols from the frequency-domain signal and mapping the complex numerical symbols into a bit stream.

[0245] It can be understood that demodulation at the receiving end is the inverse operation of modulation at the transmitting end. For example, the process of mapping complex numerical symbols to a bit stream in demodulation is the inverse operation of mapping a bit stream to complex numerical symbols in modulation; the process of mapping a frequency domain signal to complex numerical symbols in demodulation is the inverse operation of mapping complex numerical symbols to a carrier signal in modulation. Therefore, it can be understood that, given the modulation process at the transmitting end, the demodulation process at the receiving end can be accurately or unambiguously determined.

[0246] Figure 14 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 14, the communication method may include S1410, S1420, S1430 and S1440.

[0247] S1410, the first communication device sends first information, the first information indicating at least one of the following: a first parameter, a first scaling factor, or a second scaling factor. Correspondingly, the second communication device receives the first information.

[0248] In some implementations, the first information also includes M or N.

[0249] The contents of M, N, the first parameter, the first scaling factor, and the second scaling factor can be referred to the relevant contents in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0250] In some implementations, the first communication device corresponds to the first communication equipment, and when the first communication equipment is a network equipment, the first information can be downlink control information (DCI) or radio resource control (RRC).

[0251] In some implementations, the first communication device corresponds to the first communication equipment, and when the first communication equipment is a terminal, the first information can be uplink control information (DCI) or UE capability reporting information.

[0252] S1420, the first communication device generates a digital simultaneous transmission signal corresponding to the bit sequence based on the first information.

[0253] This step may include all or part of the operations in the embodiment shown in Figure 5, which will not be described in detail here. Alternatively, the first communication device may execute all or part of the operations in the communication method shown in Figure 5 to obtain a data transmission signal.

[0254] S1430, the first communication device sends a data transmission signal. Correspondingly, the second communication device receives the data transmission signal.

[0255] For example, the first communication device transmits data and energy simultaneously via an antenna, and the second communication device receives the data and energy simultaneously via an antenna.

[0256] S1440, the second communication device processes the digital simultaneous transmission signal according to the first information to obtain a bit sequence.

[0257] This step may include all or part of the operations in the embodiment shown in Figure 12, which will not be described in detail here. Alternatively, the second communication device may perform all or part of the operations in the communication method shown in Figure 12 to obtain the information to be transmitted sent by the first communication device.

[0258] The communication method in this embodiment can ensure that both the sender and receiver use the same mapping relationship, thereby guaranteeing communication performance.

[0259] In some implementations, S1410 can be executed by a second communication device, that is, the second communication device configures first information for the first communication device, the first communication device sends a data transmission signal based on the first information, and the second communication device demodulates the data transmission signal based on the first information.

[0260] In this embodiment, when the aforementioned communication method is executed by a communication device in an open RAN architecture, as an example, the CU sends first information to the DU; after receiving the first information, the DU generates an OFDM symbol carrying the first information; the DU sends an OFDM symbol to the RU; the RU up-converts the OFDM symbol to the corresponding frequency and transmits it; the CU sends data bits to the DU; the DU processes the data bits into an OFDM symbol based on the first information according to the method in S520; the DU sends the OFDM symbol to the RU, and the RU up-converts the OFDM symbol to the corresponding frequency and transmits it; the terminal processes the OFDM symbol based on the first information according to the method in S1220 to obtain a bit sequence.

[0261] In this embodiment, when the aforementioned communication method is executed by a communication device in an open RAN architecture, as an example, the CU sends the first information to the DU; the x86-type chip or the ARM-based chip in the DU processes the request instruction from the CU. Some logical operations involved, such as simple summation, are processed by the underlying arithmetic modules of the FPGA, GPU, or other accelerators. The accelerators feed back the processing results to the CPU, and the CPU performs further control operations, such as determining whether to send a control instruction to the RU. The interface between the CPU and the accelerator can be PCIe.

[0262] After receiving the first information, the DU generates an OFDM symbol carrying the first information; the DU sends the OFDM symbol to the RU, and the RU transmits the OFDM symbol on the corresponding frequency point through up-conversion.

[0263] The RU includes a fronthaul processing unit for processing instruction signaling from the DU. The fronthaul processing unit can be a CPU or a dedicated chip, such as an FPGA / ASIC chip. Based on the instructions from the DU, the fronthaul processing unit schedules the digital signal processing module to process signals from the RF processing chip. The digital signal processing module performs operations including FFT, modulation and demodulation. The RF processing chip mainly handles downconversion, spectrum splicing / shifting operations, and sends the processing results to the digital processing chip.

[0264] The CU sends data bits to the DU, which generates a mapping relationship according to the S520 method and processes the data bits into OFDM symbols. The DU sends the OFDM symbols to the RU, which up-converts the OFDM symbols to the corresponding frequency and transmits them. The terminal generates a mapping relationship based on the first information and processes the OFDM symbols to obtain a bit sequence.

[0265] It is understood that the technical solutions provided in this application embodiment can be applied to wireless communication charging between communication devices in RAN100. Wireless communication charging between communication devices may include: wireless communication charging between network devices and terminals, wireless communication charging between network devices, and wireless communication charging between terminals.

[0266] In the embodiments of this application, the term "wireless communication" can also be abbreviated as "communication," and the term "communication" can also be described as "data transmission" or "information transmission." The term "wireless charging" can also be abbreviated as "charging," "energy transfer," or "charging," and the term "charging" can also be described as "wireless energy transfer," "wireless charging," "wireless energy transmission," "radio frequency energy transmission," "radio frequency energy transfer," "radio frequency charging," or "radio frequency charging." The term "wireless data and energy integration" can also be described as "wireless simultaneous data and energy transmission," "simultaneous data and energy transmission," "energy and information transmission," "energy and information transmission," "integrated data and energy transmission," or "wireless data and energy coordinated transmission."

[0267] It is understood that, in order to achieve the functions in the above embodiments, the first communication device and the second communication device include hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to each function. Those skilled in the art should readily recognize that, based on the units and method steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed in this application, this application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed by hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application scenario and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0268] Figures 15 and 16 are schematic diagrams of the communication devices according to embodiments of this application. These communication devices can be used to implement the functions of the first or second communication device in the above method embodiments, and thus can also achieve the beneficial effects of the above method embodiments.

[0269] As shown in Figure 15, the communication device 1500 includes a processing unit 1510 and a transceiver unit 1520. The communication device 1500 is used to implement the functions of the first communication device or the second communication device in any of the above method embodiments.

[0270] As an example, when the communication device 1500 is used for the function of the first communication device in any of the aforementioned method embodiments: the processing unit 1510 is used to acquire a bit stream and map the bit stream into multiple complex-valued modulation symbols according to a mapping relationship, wherein every N bits are mapped to one complex-valued modulation symbol, N is a positive integer, the mapping relationship includes: the mapping relationship between M binary values ​​within the binary value range of N bits and M complex-valued modulation symbols, the central angle between any two complex-valued modulation symbols in the M complex-valued modulation symbols is less than π, M is a positive integer, and M is less than or equal to 2.N The transceiver unit 1520 is used to receive or send the first information.

[0271] As an example, when the communication device 1500 is used to implement the function of the second communication device in any of the aforementioned method embodiments: the processing unit 1510 is used to acquire multiple complex-valued modulation symbols and map the multiple complex-valued modulation symbols into a bit stream according to the mapping relationship, wherein one complex-valued modulation symbol is mapped to N bits, N is a positive integer, the mapping relationship includes: the mapping relationship between M binary values ​​within the binary value range of N bits and M complex-valued modulation symbols, the central angle corresponding to any two complex-valued modulation symbols in the M complex-valued modulation symbols is less than π, M is a positive integer, and M is less than or equal to 2. N The transceiver unit 1520 is used to receive or send the first information.

[0272] For a more detailed description of the processing unit 1510 and the transceiver unit 1520, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0273] As shown in Figure 16, the communication device 1600 includes a processor 1610 and an interface circuit 1620. The processor 1610 and the interface circuit 1620 are coupled to each other. It is understood that the interface circuit 1620 can be a transceiver or an input / output interface. Optionally, the communication device 1600 may also include a memory 1630 for storing instructions executed by the processor 1610, or storing input data required by the processor 1610 to execute instructions, or storing data generated after the processor 1610 executes instructions. Sometimes, the interface circuit 1620 can also be understood as part of the processor 1610, in which case the communication device 1600 includes the processor 1610.

[0274] As an example, when the communication device 1600 is used to implement any of the aforementioned methods, the processor 1610 is used to implement the functions of the processing unit 1510, and the interface circuit 1620 is used to implement the functions of the transceiver unit 1520.

[0275] As an example, when the aforementioned communication device is a chip used in a communication equipment, the chip receiving information can be understood as the information being first received by other modules (such as an RF module or antenna) in the communication equipment, and then sent to the chip by these modules. Similarly, the chip sending information can be understood as the information being first sent to other modules (such as an RF module or antenna) in the communication equipment, and then sent by these modules.

[0276] In some embodiments of this application, a computer program product is also provided, which, when run on a processor, can implement the method implemented by the first communication device in any of the above embodiments.

[0277] In some embodiments of this application, a computer program product is also provided, which, when run on a processor, can implement the method implemented by the second communication device in any of the above embodiments.

[0278] In some embodiments of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, which contains computer instructions that, when executed on a processor, can implement the method implemented by the first communication device in any of the above embodiments.

[0279] In some embodiments of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, which contains computer instructions that, when executed on a processor, can implement the method implemented by the second communication device in any of the above embodiments.

[0280] In some embodiments of this application, a communication system is also provided, which can implement the methods implemented by the first communication device and the second communication device in any of the above method embodiments.

[0281] In this application, entity A sends information to entity B, either directly or indirectly through other entities. Similarly, entity B receives information from entity A, either directly or indirectly through other entities. Entities A and B can be RAN nodes or terminals, or modules within RAN nodes or terminals. Information transmission and reception can be between RAN nodes and terminals, such as between a base station and a terminal; between two RAN nodes, such as between a CU and a DU; or between different modules within a single device, such as between a terminal chip and other modules of the terminal, or between a base station chip and other modules of the base station.

[0282] It is understood that the processor in the embodiments of this application can be a central processing unit, or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors, application-specific integrated circuits, field-programmable gate arrays, or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0283] In this embodiment of the application, the processor may include one or more of the following: a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a digital signal processor (DSP), a microprocessor unit (MPU), a microcontroller unit (MCU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), an artificial intelligence processor (AI processor), or a neural processing unit (NPU).

[0284] In this application embodiment, the memory may include, but is not limited to, cache, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), hard disk drive (HDD) or solid-state drive (SSD), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), or compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), etc. Memory is any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code having an instruction or data structure form and accessible by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory in this application embodiment may also be a circuit or any other device capable of implementing storage functions for storing computer programs or instructions, and / or data.

[0285] The method steps in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in hardware or in software instructions executable by a processor. The software instructions can consist of corresponding software modules, which can be stored in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, registers, hard disks, portable hard disks, optical discs, or any other form of storage medium well known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the storage medium. The storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the storage medium can reside in an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). Alternatively, the ASIC can reside in a base station or terminal. The processor and the storage medium can also exist as discrete components in the base station or terminal.

[0286] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are performed entirely or partially. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user equipment, or other programmable device. The computer program or instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transferred from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer program or instructions can be transferred from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired or wireless means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, hard disk, or magnetic tape; it can also be an optical medium, such as a digital video optical disc; or it can be a semiconductor medium, such as a solid-state drive. The computer-readable storage medium may be a volatile or non-volatile storage medium, or may include both types of storage media.

[0287] In the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features of different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain the bitstream; The bitstream is mapped into multiple complex-valued modulation symbols according to a mapping relationship, wherein every N bits are mapped to one complex-valued modulation symbol, where N is a positive integer. The mapping relationship includes the mapping relationship between M binary values ​​within the range of N bits and M complex-valued modulation symbols, where the central angle between any two complex-valued modulation symbols is less than π, M is a positive integer, and M is less than or equal to 2. N .

2. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: Acquire multiple complex-valued modulation symbols; The multiple complex-valued modulation symbols are mapped to a bit stream according to the mapping relationship, wherein one complex-valued modulation symbol is mapped to N bits, where N is a positive integer. The mapping relationship includes the mapping relationship between M binary values ​​within the binary value range of N bits and M complex-valued modulation symbols, where the central angle between any two complex-valued modulation symbols is less than π, M is a positive integer, and M is less than or equal to 2. N .

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The mapping relationship is related to at least one of the following: a first parameter, a first scaling factor, or a second scaling factor; Wherein, the first scaling factor is used to determine the interval between the complex-valued modulation symbols in the M complex-valued modulation symbols, the second scaling factor is used to determine a first range on the circle, the distribution range of the M complex-valued modulation symbols is located within the first range, and the first parameter is used to determine the radius of the circle corresponding to the M complex-valued modulation symbols.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The exponential expression of the complex-valued modulation symbols among the M complex-valued modulation symbols is related to at least one of the following: a first parameter, a first scaling factor, or a second scaling factor; wherein the first scaling factor is used to determine the interval between the complex-valued modulation symbols among the M complex-valued modulation symbols, the second scaling factor is used to determine a first range on a circle, the distribution range of the M complex-valued modulation symbols is located within the first range, and the first parameter is used to determine the radius of the circle corresponding to the M complex-valued modulation symbols.

5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, At least one of the first scaling factor, the second scaling factor, and the first parameter is related to channel state information.

6. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive or send first information, the first information indicating at least one of the following: the first parameter, the first scaling factor, or the second scaling factor.

7. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that, The exponential expression for the K complex-valued modulation symbols among the M complex-valued modulation symbols includes: r*e±j(αm+1)δ / (K-1), where m is an integer, the value of m ranges from 0 to K / 2-1, δ represents the second scaling factor, δ is greater than 0 and less than π, α represents the first scaling factor, α is a positive number, r represents the radius of the circle corresponding to the K complex-valued modulation symbols, r is greater than 0, and K represents the number of complex-valued modulation symbols distributed on the circle of radius r among the M complex-valued modulation symbols, K is a positive even number and K is less than or equal to M.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, 9. A communication device, characterized in that, Includes modules or units for performing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A communication device, characterized in that, include: A processor coupled to a memory for storing a computer program, wherein when the processor invokes the computer program, the communication device performs the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.

11. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, Used to store a computer program, the computer program including instructions for implementing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

12. A computer program product, the computer program product comprising instructions, characterized in that, When the instructions are executed on a computer, the computer causes the computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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